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IntroductionThe relationship between persistent postoperative cognitive decline and the more common acute variety remains unknown; using data acquired in preclinical studies of postoperative cognitive decline we attempted to characterize this relationship.MethodsLow capacity runner (LCR) rats, which have all the features of the metabolic syndrome, were compared postoperatively with high capacity runner (HCR) rats for memory, assessed by trace fear conditioning (TFC) on the 7th postoperative day, and learning and memory (probe trial [PT]) assessed by the Morris water-maze (MWM) at 3 months postoperatively. Rate of learning (AL) data from the MWM test, were estimated by non-linear mixed effects modeling. The individual rat's TFC result at postoperative day (POD) 7 was correlated with its AL and PT from the MWM data sets at postoperative day POD 90.ResultsA single exponential decay model best described AL in the MWM with LCR and surgery (LCR-SURG) being the only significant covariates; first order AL rate constant was 0.07 s(-1) in LCR-SURG and 0.16s(-1) in the remaining groups (p

Abstract Biopolymers currently utilized as substitutes for synthetic polymers in photonics applications are predominantly confined to linear optical color responses. Herein we expand their applications in non-linear optics by integrating with triplet-triplet annihilation photon upconversion crystals. A photon upconverting biomaterial is prepared by cultivating Pd(II) meso-tetraphenyl tetrabenzoporphine: 9,10-diphenyl anthracene (sensitizer: annihilator) crystals on bacterial cellulose hydrogel that serves both as host and template for the crystallization of photon upconversion chromophores. Coating with gelatin improves the material’s optical transparency by adjusting the refractive indices. The prepared material shows an upconversion of 633 nm red light to 443 nm blue light, indicated by quadratic to linear dependence on excitation power density (non-linearly). Notably, components of this material are physically dis-assembled to retrieve 66 ± 1% of annihilator, at the end of life. Whereas, the residual clean biomass is subjected to biodegradation, showcasing the sustainability of the developed photonics material.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of ylang-ylang (Cananga odorata) essential oil (YEO) on models of experimental arthritis, persistent inflammation, and nociception in mice. YEO treatment at doses of 100 and 200 mg/kg reduced the infiltration of leukocytes into the joint cavities of mice submitted to zymosan-induced arthritis 6 h and 7 days after arthritis induction. At these doses, YEO treatment reduced the formation of joint edema 4 and 6 h after arthritis induction, and at a dose of 200 mg/kg, YEO treatment reduced mechanical hyperalgesia 3 and 4 h after arthritis induction. At the dose of 200 mg/kg, YEO treatment reduced interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels and cartilage destruction in the zymosan-induced arthritis model, and reduced edema formation and mechanical hyperalgesia in the model of persistent inflammation (21 days) induced by complete Freund’s adjuvant (CFA) in mice. YEO treatment at a dose of 200 mg/kg reduced the nociceptive response in experimental models of nociception induced by acetic acid and formalin. The YEO treatment reduced inflammatory parameters in the experimental arthritis model, and presented antiarthritic, anti-hyperalgesic, antinociceptive, and anti-inflammatory properties.

Objective: This is to compare peripheral and central serum levels of Anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) in experimental animals for predicting ovarian reserve. Methods: This is an experimental study involving 20 female Sprague-Dawley rats aged 8–10 weeks with normal estrus cycles as the young control group and 5 female rats aged 28–30 weeks as the old control group (n = 5/group): the young control group, the old control group, the 1x cisplatin group, the 2x cisplatin group, and the 3x cisplatin group. After treatment, tissue collection, histological staining, and blood collection through the retro-orbital bleeding (ROB) and heart were performed. Subsequently, measurements of ovarian weight, follicle counting, and levels of AMH and Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) were conducted. Results: The serum AMH levels from ROB in the young control, 1x cisplatin, 2x cisplatin, 3x cisplatin, and the old control groups were 1151, 1818, 2782.96, 1381.352, and 1544 ng/mL, respectively. Cisplatin 2x group was significantly (p

This research discusses the influence of the Pondok Pesantrena environment on the quality of Islamic Religious Education learning in the MA X Nurul Khoir Surabaya class. This research uses a quantitative approach and a qualitative approach at the same time. The results of the research show that the environmental intensity of the Islamic Boarding School in the MA X Nurul Khoir Surabaya class is included in the good level category. The influence between the Pondok Pesantrena environment and the quality of Islamic Religious Education learning in the Calss X MA X Nurul Khoir Surabaya can be concluded that there is a correlation. In general, the Islamic boarding school environment in class X MA Nurul Khoir Surabaya is in good condition. The quality of Islamic Religious Education learning is included in the good level category. Therefore, the quality of Islamic religious education learning will also have a good impact as long as the Islamic boarding school environment is in the good category.

Abstract Background Hyperandrogenism is frequently found in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and contributes to physical manifestations like hirsutism and obesity, along with infertility. This condition can result in anxiety, depression, and body image disorders, potentially leading to sexual dysfunction. The objective of this investigation was to assess the correlation among hirsutism, anthropometric characteristics, sexual dysfunction, and anxiety levels among infertile Indonesian women diagnosed with PCOS. Methods From December 2021 to December 2022, a cross-sectional study was undertaken involving 71 infertile women diagnosed with PCOS at Yasmin Clinic, Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo General Hospital in Jakarta, Indonesia. Hirsutism was assessed using the modified Ferriman-Gallwey (mFG) score; the anthropometric profile was assessed using BMI and waist-to-hip ratio. The assessment of sexual dysfunction was conducted using the Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) questionnaire, while the evaluation of anxiety levels utilized the HAM-A questionnaires. Results In this study, it was discovered that 53.3% of subjects experienced sexual dysfunction. However, there was no statistically significant relationship between hirsutism, anthropometric profile, and sexual dysfunction score in infertile women with PCOS (p > 0.05). Analysis of the overall FSFI domain score revealed that lubrication and satisfaction were lower in obese patients (p = 0.02 and p = 0.03), but this did not contribute to an overall sexual dysfunction score. Also, we found that subjects who experienced sexual dysfunction had a higher anxiety score (p

Research shows that children aged 3 to 6 years do not fully grasp the concept of geometric shapes. This paper aims to examine children’s intuitive knowledge of triangles and squares. We analysed the effects of distractors on identification and the neglected properties of (non)examples. The purpose of the study was to establish the developmental path in the identification of shapes. It was operationalized by determining types of interfering distractors in shape recognition and properties neglected. The data obtained from individual interviews were processed by the method of statistical and descriptive qualitative analysis. A classification was made of distractors and properties of non-examples affecting identification.

The Indonesian government has taken professional competence, the ability to think creatively and learn new things, and fluency with modern forms of communication, information, and technology as its guiding principles. The Indonesian government has made information and technology proficiency a cornerstone of modern education. With the help of technical advancements in learning media, the area of education benefits from the use of technology that may facilitate the learning process. In primary schools, this research will use the Value Clarification Technique approach matrix model to find out how effective electronic teaching resources are for Pancasila Elements. The final output is a set of electronic teaching materials that have undergone rigorous validity testing by three different sets of specialists: material scientists, linguists, and media specialists. This study used a one-group Pretest-Posttest design, which is common in pre-experimental research. Thirteen women and twelve men made up the total of twenty-five participants in this research, which included both instructors and pupils. A test is the tool that this study use. Wilcoxon test and N-Gain value calculation are the data analysis techniques used. According to the study's findings, students in fourth grade at an elementary school that used electronic teaching materials based on the Value Clarification Technique approach matrix model learned more about Pancasila components.

Objective: To elucidate the relationship among knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding Covid-19 and their relationship with booster vaccination status among women with infertility. Methods: This questionnaire-based cross-sectional study was performed online and offline among women with infertility who visited an infertility clinic in Jakarta, Indonesia. We assessed the patient’s knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding Covid- 19 and their relationship with booster vaccination status and sociodemographic profile. Results: A total of 178 subjects participated in this study, and most participants (92.6%) had received booster Covid-19 vaccines. From the questionnaire, 74.2% had good knowledge, and 99.4% had good attitudes regarding Covid-19; however, only 57.9% of patients had good practices. A weak positive correlation existed between knowledge and attitudes (r=0.11, P=0.13) and a moderate negative correlation between attitudes and practices (r=-0.44, P=0.56). Participants’ knowledge about vaccines and infertility was correlated with booster vaccination status (P=0.04). Academic background (P=0.01) and attitudes (P=0.01) were also correlated with booster vaccination status. The significant determinants of hesitance of receiving Covid-19 booster vaccines were high school education or below (OR=0.08, 95% CI 0.02-0.36) and poor practices (OR=0.21, 95% CI 0.05-0.95). Conclusions: The majority of the participants had received the Covid-19 booster vaccine and had good knowledge and attitudes but poor practices regarding Covid-19. Most participants had poor knowledge about the relationship between infertility and the Covid- 19 vaccine. The general population should be more informed and reminded about practices to prevent Covid-19 and the relationship between vaccination and fertility to increase the number of people who receive Covid-19 booster vaccines.

Abstract This study aimed to assess the combined clinical and ultrasound criteria as a diagnostic tool for screening the Y chromosome related to primary amenorrhea. This cross-sectional study involving 59 subjects was taken from medical records at the Reproductive Immunoendocrinology Polyclinic of Cipto Mangunkusumo General Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia. The medical records of subjects were then cross-checked with karyotyping analysis results. Sensitivity, specificity, and predictive values were analyzed to assess the criteria. Two subjects were presented with a Y chromosome, and one without a Y chromosome was misclassified into another group. After analysis, we found that combined clinical and ultrasound criteria could predict the Y chromosome related to primary amenorrhea with 95.9% accuracy, with sensitivity and specificity of 80% and 97.96%, respectively. Combined clinical and ultrasound criteria (introduced as Kanadi Sumapraja Criteria) could be used as a diagnostic tool for screening a Y chromosome related to primary amenorrhea.

In ovo delivery of carvacrol, the primary active compound in oregano essential oil (OEO) has the potential to enhance gut development in broilers. This study aimed to optimize in ovo application of OEO by investigating day and site of injection and delivery of carvacrol to different embryonic tissues. In Experiment 1, 2 d of injection (embryonic day (E) 12 or 17.5) and 3 sites of injection for OEO (air cell, amniotic fluid, or yolk) were evaluated based on hatchability and posthatching performance. Experiment 2 aimed to examine the impact of combining OEO with the nonionic surfactant polysorbate 80 (p80) at ratios to carvacrol of 0:0, 0:1, 0.5:1, and 1:1 on carvacrol concentration in amniotic fluid, blood, and yolk. The concentration of carvacrol was measured at 3, 6, and 9 h after OEO injection either without (0:1) or with (1:1) p80. Injection of OEO on E12 led to a significant lower hatchability compared to E17.5 (P ≤ 0.01; Δ = 9.2%). Injecting OEO into the air cell, amniotic fluid, or yolk at E17.5 did not significantly affect hatchability and posthatching performance. The highest concentrations of carvacrol found in egg tissues were observed when injected together with surfactant at the 1:1 ratio (P ≤ 0.001; 14.45 µM, 16.64 µM, and 124.82 µM, for air cell, amniotic fluid, and yolk, respectively) compared to the 0:0, 0:1 or 0.5:1 ratios. Carvacrol was highest in the amniotic fluid and blood at the first time point (3 h postinjection) and decreased afterward (P ≤ 0.001), whereas the concentration in yolk remained elevated up to 9 h postinjection. In conclusion, the optimization of the in ovo delivery of carvacrol resulted in that early injection (E12) had negative effects on hatchability and should be avoided. The findings also suggest that using a nonionic surfactant was crucial for an effective delivery of carvacrol in ovo and the migration from amniotic fluid to yolk within 3 h. In addition, carvacrol's persistence in yolk may serve as a route for delivery into the gastrointestinal tract via the yolk stalk during the peri-hatching phase, potentially influencing gut development.

Background: In vitro fertilization (IVF) remains a main treatment for infertility cases. Post-injection human chorionic gonadotropin(hCG) level is an essential factor in determining oocyte maturation rate in IVF. This study aimed to determine therelationship between 12 hours post-injection serum hCG level and oocyte maturation rate among IVF participants.Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study on IVF participants was done at a tertiary hospital in Indonesia fromJanuary 2020 to December 2021. Subjects were injected with 250 μg of recombinant-hCG (r-hCG) subcutaneously.Twelve hours post-injection serum hCG levels and oocyte maturation rate data were retrieved and analyzed accordingly.Results: Twenty-eight subjects were recruited into the study. Higher 12 hours post-injection serum hCG was relatedto oocyte maturation rate (P=0.046). The cut-off point of 12 hours post-injection serum hCG to predict better oocytematuration rate was 90.15 mIU/mL (sensitivity 68.2%, specificity 83.3%). Oocyte maturation rate may be predictedusing body mass index (BMI) and 12 hours post-injection serum hCG.Conclusion: Higher 12 hours post-injection serum hCG was associated with a higher oocyte maturation rate in IVFsubjects.

Introduction. The long-living and eventful Russia-Vietnam economic relations date back to the Council of Mutual Economic Assistance. Nowadays the continued deepening of these ties is occurring as part Eurasian integration. Goals. The article seeks to reveal further development prospects for bilateral relations and attempts an insight into the latter’s state of the art. Materials and methods. The work examines data from the UN Comtrade, Bank of Russia, Rosstat, Ministry of Internal Affairs, and those contained in Russian Statistical Yearbooks. Results. The recent years have witnessed a growing dynamics in trade cooperation between Russia and Vietnam. The paper notes it is trade in services plays a significant role in the interstate economic relations. The analysis of investment cooperation reveals an imbalance in investment flows in favor of Vietnam. The FDIs in oil production and trade have been identified as key investment endeavors. As for migration, Vietnam is defined as a donor country, and our analysis of migration flows shows the Russian Federation is simply not considered as a preferred destination for Vietnamese migrants. The article also pays attention to the change in the structure of Vietnam-to-Russia migration flow and articulates some underlying reasons. Conclusions. Despite the intensification of trade relations, none of the countries has implemented its export potential to the full. As for FDI cooperation, textile industry, wind power and IT sector stand out as promising areas. Another area for the development of bilateral relations is educational migration, since there is definitely still room for Russia to increase its attractiveness among Vietnamese youth.

Since Republic of North Macedonia has been a candidate country for European Union membership for almost two decades, the goal of this article is to shed a light on the conditions and requirements that were set before Macedonia and their evolution for this time period. For that purpose the article, annual reports of the European Commission on Macedonia’s progress were reviewed. Further on, analysis of the development of Macedonia’s macroeconomic indicators was carried out which was followed by a comparative analysis of the state of the economic development of the Central and Eastern European countries - member states of the European Union, at the moment of their accession. It was established that the EU enlargement process have undergone significant changes since its foundation. Over time, the changed political environment within the EU has led to a significant strengthening and tightening of the rules and criteria. The inefficiency of the latest accessions provoked the EU once again to change the accession negotiation process and introduce new accession process that is significantly more political than economic. In Macedonia’s case, it was political and not economic requirements that led to the country becoming stuck in its EU accession process. The economic results achieved by Macedonia during the researched period, even though lower than the average for the union, were still higher that the results shown by some Central and Eastern European counties at the time when they became members of the EU. Therefore, is no doubt, that Macedonia’s path to the EU was conditioned by political obstacles, the same situation continues today. But the major question that still stand unanswered is weather this kind increased politicization of the process is contradictory to the merit-based system the EU prides itself on.

Considering the importance of knowledge extraction as one of the stages of knowledge acquisition in the organization, this article aims to identify the effective components and dimensions of intelligent knowledge extraction and determine the importance of each one. Using the seven-step method of Wilson and Lipsey (2001), 280 research articles retrieved from databases were examined, and finally, 32 articles were evaluated. The critical Assessment Skills Program was used to score the articles. To extract codes and concepts, the articles were entered into the Atlas.ti software. Shannon's entropy was used to determine the importance of each component. In this research, 51 codes were categorized into 6 main dimensions (individual factors, education and learning, technology agents and smart technology, knowledge, dynamism and agility, and organizational factors). The results show that the component of "empowerment" has the most frequency and importance in extracting knowledge. This result shows the importance of training human resources in strengthening the organization. Also, in the spider diagram, the teaching and learning dimension has the highest weight among the identified dimensions. In this field, there is no organized study of the factors affecting intelligent knowledge extraction. Therefore, as a pioneer, this research has achieved an organized framework for extracting knowledge and determining the importance of each identified dimension by categorizing themes. With the increasing importance of knowledge management in recent years, the attention of organizations and companies' managers has been attracted to processes leading to achieving, controlling, and making available their knowledge as an organizational asset. Knowledge as an organizational asset plays an extremely vital role today. Organizations necessitate knowledge related to their business field to achieve a competitive advantage.

Purpose: The importance of smartening in industrial business processes has increased significantly in recent years. On the other hand, the importance of knowledge as a competitive advantage continues growing. The purpose of this article is to identify the essential components affecting the intelligent extraction of knowledge in organizations. Method: This Meta-synthesis study was performed by Sandelowski & Barroso seven-step method. 280 research articles were retrieved from the database, of which 32 articles were used for research purposes. Each selected research paper reported one or more components that were analyzed separately. Findings: 48 codes were classified into 6 main topics ("Individual factors", "Education and learning", "Technology and intelligent technology factors", "Knowledge", "Dynamics and agility", "Organizational factors"). The results show that "empowering people in business" is one ofthe most important components of knowledge acquisition, the strengthening of which can leadto intelligent knowledge extraction. By empowering employees and studying the way theythink and work in the organization, intelligent models for performing tasks can be defined, andthis can lead to the extraction of useful knowledge. In other words, the greater the ability of employees, the study of human behavior in the workplace leads to the discovery of stronger intelligent patterns. Conclusion: There is no organized study on the components affecting intelligent extraction of knowledge, and this is the first study in this field to classify topics into an organized framework for intelligent extraction of knowledge and find appropriate solutions for businesses.

Implementation of thematic learning is carried out using conventional learning models which cause students to still have difficulty understanding lessons. To improve understanding and student learning outcomes, appropriate models and strategies are needed. The purpose of this research is to find out how the thematic learning outcomes of students apply the cooperative learning model with mind mapping. This study used an experimental method in the form of a quasi-experimental design. Sampling using purposive sampling technique was used to select 31 students from class III A as the experimental class, and 30 students from class III B as the control class. Using measurement techniques for data collection. The instrument used is in the form of multiplechoice questions of 50 questions. By using Microsoft Excel in testing the hypothesis, the tcount is 3.6422 and the ttable for the significance level (5% and dk 31+30-2+59) is 2.000. If tcount > ttable, then Ha is accepted which indicates that the cooperative learning model with mind mapping has an effect on the thematic learning outcomes of class III students at SD Negeri 39 Pontianak Kota.

ABSTRACT: In ovo interventions are used to improve embryonic development and robustness of chicks. The objective of this study was to identify the optimal dose for in ovo delivery of oregano essential oil (OEO), and to investigate metabolic impacts. Broiler chickens Ross 308 fertile eggs were injected with 7 levels of OEO (0, 5, 10, 20, 30, 40, and 50 µL) into the amniotic fluid at embryonic d 17.5 (E17.5) (n = 48). Chick quality was measured by navel score (P < 0.05) and/or hatchability rates (P < 0.01) were significantly decreased at doses at or above 10 or 20 µL/egg, respectively, indicating potential toxicity. However, no effects were observed at the 5 µL/egg, suggesting that compensatory mechanisms were effective to maintain homeostasis in the developing embryo. To pursue a better understanding of these mechanisms, transcriptomic analyses of the jejunum were performed comparing the control injected with saline and the group injected with 5 µL of OEO. The transcriptomic analyses identified that 167 genes were upregulated and 90 were downregulated in the 5 µL OEO compared to the control group injected with saline (P < 0.01). Functional analyses of the differentially expressed genes (DEG) showed that metabolic pathways related to the epoxygenase cytochrome P450 pathway associated with xenobiotic catabolic processes were significantly upregulated (P < 0.05). In addition, long-chain fatty acid metabolism associated with ATP binding transporters was also upregulated in the OEO treated group (P < 0.05). The results indicated that low doses of OEO in ovo have the potential to increase lipid metabolism in late stages (E17.5) of embryonic development. In conclusion, in ovo delivery of 5 µL OEO did not show any negative impact on hatchability and chick quality. OEO elevated expression of key enzymes and receptors involved in detoxification pathways and lipid metabolism in the jejunum of hatchling broiler chicks.

Androgens are essential in normal ovarian function and follicle health, but hyperandrogenism, as seen in polycystic ovary syndrome, is associated with disordered follicle development. There are few data on the effect of long-term exposure to high levels of testosterone as found in transgender men receiving gender-affirming endocrine therapy. In this study, we investigate the effect of testosterone on the development, morphological health and DNA damage and repair capacity of human ovarian follicles in vivo and their survival in vitro. Whole ovaries were obtained from transgender men (mean age: 27.6 ± 1.7 years; range: 20–34 years, n = 8) at oophorectomy taking pre-operative testosterone therapy. This was compared to cortical biopsies from age-matched healthy women obtained at caesarean section (mean age: 31.8 ± 1.5 years; range: 25–35 years, n = 8). Cortical tissues were dissected into fragments and either immediately fixed for histological analysis or cultured for 6 days and subsequently fixed. Follicle classification and morphological health were evaluated from histological sections stained with hematoxylin and eosin and expression of γH2AX as a marker of DNA damage by immunohistochemistry (IHC). In uncultured tissue, testosterone exposure was associated with reduced follicle growth activation, poor follicle health and increased DNA damage. After 6 days of culture, there was enhanced follicle activation compared to the control with further deterioration in morphological health and increased DNA damage. These data indicate that high circulating concentrations of testosterone have effects on the primordial and small-growing follicles of the ovary. These results may have implications for transgender men receiving gender-affirming therapy prior to considering pregnancy or fertility preservation measures.

Insurance companies play a pivotal role in the financial systems of developing countries, wielding substantial influence on systemic financial stability. Thus, understanding their efficiency, performance, and sustainability is paramount for policymakers and stakeholders alike. The aim of this paper is to evaluate the relative efficiency of insurance companies within the North Macedonian market spanning the years 2018 to 2022. Employing the input-oriented BCC DEA model, the study integrates capital and labour as inputs, while assessing risk-pooling/bearing services and intermediate function as outputs. Our findings underscore the fluctuating efficiency levels within North Macedonia’s insurance sector. Notably, the sector exhibited its peak efficiency in 2018 at 83.62%, dipping to its lowest point of 73.81% in 2020. Moreover, discerning between life and non-life insurers, we observe an average relative efficiency of 0.8067 for non-life insurers, contrasted with a higher average efficiency score of 0.9011 for life insurance companies over the examined period. This study contributes significantly on multiple fronts. Firstly, it pioneers empirical investigation of the efficiency on the North Macedonian insurance market, encompassing pre- and post-COVID efficiency metrics. This fills a notable gap in the literature, particularly within the context of emerging European markets. Secondly, our comprehensive approach facilitates a holistic evaluation of the insurance sector’s performance across a five-year span, offering insights into its overarching dynamics and efficacy. Thirdly, the implications of our findings extend to policymakers, regulators, and insurance company management, aiding in informed decision-making and strategic planning.

Abstract Research on eyewitness identification often involves exposing participants to a simulated crime and later testing memory using a lineup. We conducted a systematic review showing that pre-event instructions, instructions given before event exposure, are rarely reported and those that are reported vary in the extent to which they warn participants about the nature of the event or tasks. At odds with the experience of actual witnesses, some studies use pre-event instructions explicitly warning participants of the upcoming crime and lineup task. Both the basic and applied literature provide reason to believe that pre-event instructions may affect eyewitness identification performance. In the current experiment, we tested the impact of pre-event instructions on lineup identification decisions and confidence. Participants received non-specific pre-event instructions (i.e., “watch this video”) or eyewitness pre-event instructions (i.e., “watch this crime video, you’ll complete a lineup later”) and completed a culprit-absent or -present lineup. We found no support for the hypothesis that participants who receive eyewitness pre-event instructions have higher discriminability than participants who receive non-specific pre-event instructions. Additionally, confidence-accuracy calibration was not significantly different between conditions. However, participants in the eyewitness condition were more likely to see the event as a crime and to make an identification than participants in the non-specific condition. Implications for conducting and interpreting eyewitness identification research and the basic research on instructions and attention are discussed.

Background: Endometriosis is identified as presence of the endometrium outside the uterine cavity. Retrograde menstruation contributes to the endometrial tissue implantation and the establishment of endometriotic lesions at ectopic sites. It has been suggested that the endometriotic lesions are rich in angiogenic growth factors, while they have an essential role in survival and invasion of these cells. We investigated regulation of microRNA-93 (miR-93) and its involvement with vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) 3 expression in women with endometriosis.Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional study at Central Surgical Installation, Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo General Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia, between October 2020 and November 2021. Eutopic and ectopic endometrial tissues were collected from 30 subjects with laparoscopically-confirmed endometriotic women. Normal endometrial cells of non-endometriosis women served as controls. Total RNA was isolated from all samples and a quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was used to analyze the expression of miR-93, VEGFA and MMP3.Results: There was no significant difference in the expression levels of VEGFA (2.14 ± 0.50, P=0.719) and MMP3 (2.99 ± 0.42, P=0.583) between endometriotic lesions of endometriosis women and the healthy endometrium. Expression of miR-93 was significantly lower in the eutopic endometrium (16.7 fold) and ectopic endometriotic lesion (20 fold) compared to the normal endometrium (P

The development of innovation in the service sector is a complex process that is affected by various factors, and the service sector due to its commercial nature must be updated in its innovative processes. Since knowledge innovation is required, knowledge extraction is essentially required to achieve goals and innovation in the industry. Appropriate and timely knowledge leads the industry to increase its productivity and level of innovation. This article is intended to provide a model for knowledge extraction in the service industry. For this purpose, the grounded theory model has been used, which is applied in terms of purpose and qualitative research in terms of collecting information. The population includes experts and managers in the service industry and the sample is due to the theoretical saturation of 14 people who were selected in a purposive sampling. The data collection tool, in the qualitative section, was a semi-structured interview. To confirm the accuracy of the data, the validity of the study was used by the research members. In this study, to calculate the reliability, the method of intercoder agreement has been used. The percentage of thematic agreement confirms encodings with 80% reliability. ATLAS.TI software was used for coding. After analyzing the data, a knowledge extraction model was extracted for the service industry. Based on this, 122 concepts and 18 sub-categories have been categorized using the Strauss and Corbin paradigm model. These factors were divided into 18 categories in the common model of grounded theory, which are: causal conditions (infrastructure and technological factors, structural factors, human resources, organizational culture, support of senior managers), contextual conditions (organizational strategic knowledge, management Organizational communication, support for intelligent knowledge extraction system), strategic (knowledge commercialization strategies, creativity strategies, innovative strategies), interventionist conditions (personal characteristics, financial factors, managerial factors), consequences (value creation, advantage) Competitive, globalization, growth, and maturity). Therefore, according to the results of this study, vital resources in the service industry can be identified to extract knowledge in a timely and appropriate manner, and the knowledge obtained from this extraction can be used to create a competitive advantage in domestic and foreign markets.