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Background Scapholunate advanced collapse (SLAC) and scaphoid non-union advanced collapse (SNAC) are common types of wrist osteoarthritis (OA). Non-operative treatment consists of pain medication, splinting, and avoiding activities that induce pain. However, in case a course of conservative treatment is unsuccessful, operative treatment is needed. The two most conventional operative approaches for SLAC/SNAC OA are four-corner arthrodesis (FCA) and proximal row carpectomy (PRC). Although FCA is the gold-standard operative technique and may lead to superior grip strength, the evident benefit of PRC is that it obviates any need for hardware removal and controlling for bony union. To date, no high-quality randomized controlled trial comparing FCA and PRC exists. As clinical outcomes seem comparable, a trial that assesses patient-reported outcomes, adverse events, and secondary operations may guide clinical decision making between these two procedures. Thus, the aim of this multi-institutional double-blind randomized controlled trial is to study whether PRC is non-inferior to FCA in treating SLAC/SNAC OA. Methods The trial is designed as a randomized, controlled, patient- and outcome-assessor blinded multicenter, two-armed 1:1 non-inferiority trial. Patients with SLAC/SNAC-induced wrist pain meeting trial inclusion criteria will undergo wrist arthroscopy to further assess eligibility. Each patient eligible for the trial will be randomly assigned to undergo either FCA or PRC. The primary endpoint of this study is the Patient Rated Wrist Evaluation (PRWE) at 1-year after FCA versus PRC. Secondary outcomes include Quick-Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand, EQ-5D-5L, pain, grip strength, wrist active range of motion, radiographic evaluation, and adverse events. Trial design, methods, and statistical analysis plan will be presented here. Discussion We present an RCT design comparing FCA vs PRC for SLAC/SNAC-induced OA. The results of this trial will assist in decision making when planning surgery for SLAC/SNAC. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04260165. Registered February 7, 2020.

We present a single-centre experience of procedural complications suffered by patients undergoing endovascular treatment for a ruptured saccular intracranial aneurysm at Tampere University Hospital, Finland, between 2000 and 2014. From 2000 to 2014, we treated 1,253 patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage, 491 of whom received endovascular treatment. Clinical data were collected retrospectively from the hospital’s aneurysm database. A procedural complication was defined as having occurred whenever there was a documented new event in the patient’s medical records or a note of a technical complication written by an interventionist after endovascular treatment. Procedural complications could be with or without clinical symptoms. Nearly 40% (491/1253) of the patients were treated with the endovascular method. Procedural complications occurred in 11.4% (56/491) of cases. The morbidity rate was 4.5% (22/491) and the mortality rate was 0.2% (1/491). Of the 56 complications, ischaemic complications occurred in 52% (29/56), haemorrhagic complications occurred in 27% (15/56) and technical complications occurred in 21% (12/56) of cases. In 61% (34/56) of the cases, the procedural complication did not cause any clinical symptoms. The total risk for procedural complications leading to postoperative disability or death at our institute was 4.7%. The complication frequency is in accordance with previous reports. Endovascular treatment of ruptured intracranial aneurysms is a safe treatment method when patient selection is carefully performed.

Over the years, the consensus has generally been that Finland is a country with a significantly high incidence of aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH) when compared to the rest of the world, excluding Japan. Most of the traditionally cited Finnish incidence studies are several decades old and have clear differences in their methodology and study design. The objective of this study was to determine the hospital-admitted incidence of aneurysmal SAH at Tampere University Hospital between 1990 and 2014. We also compared the incidence to other geographical regions in Finland. The material for this study consists of patients admitted to Tampere University Hospital between 1990 and 2014 with the presentation of aneurysmal SAH. There was a total of 1965 patients with aneurysmal SAH in our data. The mean hospital-admitted aneurysmal SAH incidence over the period was 7.41 per 100,000 person-years. The hospital-admitted aneurysmal SAH incidence in the Eastern Finland region was two-thirds greater than in the Tampere University Hospital region. We observed a relatively steady hospital-admitted incidence of aneurysmal SAH (7.41 per 100,000 person-years) in the Tampere University Hospital region. This result is parallel to a recent study looking into the incidence of aneurysmal SAH for the whole of Finland. Compared to the Tampere University Hospital region, the incidence was 64% greater in the Eastern Finland region.