1. Echovirus infection causes rapid loss-of-function and cell death in human dendritic cells
- Author
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Mike A. M. De Bruijni, Barbara M. Schulte, Frank J. M. van Kuppeveld, Gosse J. Adema, Jochem M. D. Galama, Matthijs Kramer, and Liza W.J. Toonen
- Subjects
Programmed cell death ,Echovirus ,viruses ,Immunology ,Coxsackievirus Infections ,Echovirus Infections ,Receptors, Cell Surface ,Biology ,Transfection ,medicine.disease_cause ,Microbiology ,Monocytes ,Immune system ,Downregulation and upregulation ,Autoimmune Process ,In vivo ,Immune Regulation [NCMLS 2] ,Translational research [ONCOL 3] ,Virology ,medicine ,Humans ,Lectins, C-Type ,Loss function ,Cell Death ,Toll-Like Receptors ,Immunotherapy, gene therapy and transplantation [UMCN 1.4] ,Dendritic Cells ,In vitro ,Enterovirus B, Human ,Pathogenesis and modulation of inflammation [N4i 1] ,Microbial pathogenesis and host defense [UMCN 4.1] ,Cell Adhesion Molecules ,Infection and autoimmunity [NCMLS 1] ,Immunity, infection and tissue repair [NCMLS 1] - Abstract
Contains fulltext : 51866.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Closed access) Coxsackie B viruses (CVB) and Echoviruses (EV) form a single species; Human enterovirus B (HeV-B), within the genus Enterovirus. Although HeV-B infections are usually mild or asymptomatic, they can cause serious acute illnesses. In addition, HeV-B infections have been associated with chronic immune disorders, such as type 1 diabetes mellitus and chronic myocarditis/dilated cardiomyopathy. It has therefore been suggested that these viruses may trigger an autoimmune process. Here, we demonstrate that human dendritic cells (DCs), which play an essential role in orchestration of the immune response, are productively infected by EV, but not CVB strains, in vitro. Infection does not result in DC activation or the induction of antiviral immune responses. Instead, EV infection rapidly impedes Toll-like receptor-mediated production of cytokines and upregulation of maturation markers, and ultimately causes loss of DC viability. These results describe for the first time the effect of EV on the function and viability of human DCs and suggest that infection of DCs in vivo can impede regulation of immune responses.
- Published
- 2007