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Studies on the efficacy of prescription omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids to reduce cardiovascular events have produced conflicting results. This 3-year prospective post-marketing surveillance study evaluated the effect of omega-3-acid ethyl esters (O3AEE; usual dosage 2 g/day) on cardiovascular events in high-risk statin-treated Japanese patients with hypertriglyceridemia. Statin-treated patients not receiving O3AEE were included as a reference cohort. The composite primary endpoint was cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction, stroke, angina requiring coronary revascularization, or peripheral arterial disease requiring surgery or peripheral arterial intervention. At 3 years, Kaplan–Meier estimated cumulative incidence of the primary endpoint was 2.5% (95% confidence interval, 2.1%–2.9%) in O3AEE-treated patients (N = 6,580) and 2.7% (2.4%–3.1%) in non-O3AEE-treated patients (N = 7,784; hazard ratio, 0.99; 95% confidence interval, 0.79–1.23). Incidence of heart failure requiring hospitalization was 0.4% with O3AEE versus 0.8% in non-O3AEE-treated patients (hazard ratio, 0.47; 95% confidence interval, 0.28–0.78; P < 0.05). Among patients receiving statins, cardiovascular event incidence did not differ significantly between O3AEE-treated patients and non-O3AEE-treated patients. Further studies are required before definitive conclusions can be drawn on the effect of O3AEE on cardiovascular event incidence in high-risk patients with hypertriglyceridemia. ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02285166.

The reaction of 2-cyclohexen-1-one derivatives with iodine–cerium(IV) ammonium nitrate in alcohols (methanol, ethanol, 1-propanol, 2-propanol, and 1-butanol) under refluxing, gave the corresponding alkyl phenyl ethers in good yields. In the case of diol (ethylene glycol, 1,3-propanediol, and 1,4-butanediol), phenoxyalkanol derivatives were obtained. The present method was also applicable to oxidative rearrangement of isophorone.