Search

Your search keyword '"Mihai Niculescu"' showing total 198 results
Start Over Author "Mihai Niculescu"
198 results on '"Mihai Niculescu"'

1. Shopper marketing nutrition interventions: Social norms on grocery carts increase produce spending without increasing shopper budgets

Author

Collin R. Payne, Mihai Niculescu, David R. Just, and Michael P. Kelly

Subjects
Behavioral economics, Grocery store, Fruits, Vegetables, Shopper marketing, Social norms, Medicine
Abstract

Objectives: We assessed the efficacy of an easy-to-implement shopper marketing nutrition intervention in a pilot and two additional studies to increase produce demand without decreasing store profitability or increasing shopper budgets. Methods: We created grocery cart placards that detailed the number of produce items purchased (i.e., descriptive norm) at particular stores (i.e., provincial norm). The effect of these placards on produce spending was assessed across 971,706 individual person grocery store transactions aggregated by day. The pilot study designated a baseline period (in both control and intervention store) followed by installation of grocery cart placards (in the intervention store) for two weeks. The pilot study was conducted in Texas in 2012. In two additional stores, we designated baseline periods followed by 28 days of the same grocery cart placard intervention as in the pilot. Additional interventions were conducted in New Mexico in 2013. Results: The pilot study resulted in a significant difference between average produce spending per day per person across treatment periods (i.e., intervention versus same time period in control) (16%) and the difference between average produce spending per day per person across stores in the control periods (4%); Furthermore, the same intervention in two additional stores resulted in significant produce spending increases of 12.4% and 7.5% per day per person respectively. In all stores, total spending did not change. Conclusions: Descriptive and provincial social norm messages (i.e., on grocery cart placards) may be an overlooked tool to increase produce demand without decreasing store profitability and increasing shopper budgets.

Published
2015
Full Text
View/download PDF

2. Smart rail infrastructure, maintenance and life cycle costs

Author

Mihai NICULESCU, Andreea Ioana GOLGOJAN, Adrian BEDNARZ, Gergana IVANOVA, and Tomáš MALÝ

Subjects
railways, smart infrastructure, ERTMS, power grid management, track circuit, regenerative braking, Transportation engineering, TA1001-1280
Abstract

This paper discusses smart railway infrastructure systems. The meaning of “smart” is described followed by a discussion on the benefits of the use of smart infrastructure. Some key components of smart infrastructure, few examples and case studies are presented. Our analysis suggests that the implementation of a smart system may well lead to energy savings of 25%, therefore smart systems should be implemented in larger scale.

Published
2014

6. Groundwater Exploration in Carbonate Reservoirs Using Borehole Investigations: A Case Study from South Dobrogea, Romania

Author

Bogdan Mihai Niculescu, Maria Mădălina Bucur, and Adrian Talmaciu

Subjects
borehole pumping test, dolomitization intensity, geophysical wireline logging, karst–fractured aquifer, K-means clustering, petrophysical inversion, Technology
Abstract

The Late Jurassic–Early Cretaceous (J3–K1) transboundary aquifer is the most important groundwater body in southern–southeastern Romania, shared with Bulgaria and hosted in karstic–fractured carbonates. We conducted an integrated evaluation of this aquifer by analyzing three 700 m deep groundwater exploration–exploitation boreholes, which intercepted it in the Cernavodă area (South Dobrogea region). The evaluation was based on geophysical wireline logging, drilling information, and borehole production tests. A K-means clustering of the logging data was performed for lithology typing, formation boundaries identification, and the delineation of probable producing intervals associated with secondary porosity development. Petrophysical interpretation was carried out via depth-constrained (zonal) inversion, using multimineral models, the estimated formation boundaries, and variable uncertainties for the main input logs. The optimal interpretation models were correlated with borehole testing results to gain insight into the hydrogeological properties of the aquifer complex. The fractured–vuggy interval with the highest water-producing potential was identified in the lower section of the J3-age Rasova Formation (639–700 m depth), comprising mainly undolomitized limestones. A southeast-to-northwest trend of increasing productivity of the boreholes, correlated with an increasing lateral dolomitization intensity within the Rasova Formation, suggests a highly heterogeneous character of the aquifer. The differences in productivity are due not only to local porosity variations but also to various degrees of pore space connectivity that are related to the amount of fracturing or karstification. The novel findings of this study have important practical implications for the optimal placement, design, and drilling program of future groundwater exploitation boreholes in the Cernavodă area and neighboring sectors.

Published
2024
Full Text
View/download PDF

8. The impact of a healthy checkout intervention on fruit and vegetable ‘micro-pack’ purchases in New Mexico

Author

Stephanie Rogus, Joanne Guthrie, Mihai Niculescu, and Lina Xu

Subjects
Nutrition and Dietetics, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Medicine (miscellaneous)
Abstract

Objective:Produce sold as plastic-wrapped packs of two to four individual items (i.e., produce micro-packs) that are low cost and placed at checkout may appeal to shoppers with budget constraints and provide a second chance to purchase items available elsewhere in the store. This study examined the impact of an intervention that placed produce micro-packs at checkout and promoted them in grocery stores across New Mexico, USA.Design:This quasi-experimental study placed produce micro-packs at checkout end-caps in thirteen stores (group 1), with eight stores serving as controls (group 2) from 1 July 2019 through 31 January 2020 (first phase). The intervention was extended to group 2 stores from 1 February 2020 through 30 June 2020 (second phase). Cashiers were directed to upsell the micro-packs to Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children recipients who had unspent cash value benefits for produce purchases.Setting:Twenty-one grocery stores across New Mexico.Participants:Twenty-one produce items sold as micro-packs in stores from July 2019 through June 2020.Results:A random effects model showed that the daily sales of micro-packs increased by 47 % during each intervention period. Group 2 stores had lower sales than group 1 stores during the first phase of the intervention. Once extended to group 2 stores, sales of micro-packs in those stores increased and sales in group 1 stores continued at the higher level.Conclusions:Placing produce micro-packs at checkout may increase produce sales and support health promotion efforts by public and private stakeholders.

Published
2022

10. Breaking RSA Encryption Protocol with Kernel P Systems

Author

Răzvan Vasile, Marian Gheorghe, and Ionuț Mihai Niculescu

Abstract

The prime factorisation problem is intractable, i.e., no efficient algorithm is known. In cryptography there are some well-known approaches based on the computational hardness of this problem, including Rivest-Shamir-Adleman (RSA) encryption protocol. Several attemps to break RSA have been investigated, some of them based on the massive parallelism of membrane systems.In this paper a new approach, based on kernel P system formalism, aimed at reassessing the space-time tradeoff, usually involved in membrane computing solutions, is investigated. Two models are introduced and assessed in order to find the potential benefits of each of them for solving the above problem, revealing also their limitations and providing hints for further improvements.

Published
2023

16. GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCHES AT THE ROMAN ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITE ROMULA, OLT COUNTY, ROMANIA

Author

Bogdan Mihai Niculescu, Maria Madalina Bucur, Ioana Lavinia Nita, Raluca Mihaela Maftei, and Emil Rusu

Abstract

Romula, the most important urban settlement of Dacia Inferior (Dacia Malvensis) province of the Roman empire during the 2nd and 3rd centuries A.D., was located in the present-day Resca village�Dobrosloveni commune, Olt County, Romania. Most of the Roman town remains are underneath Resca village premises, the areas suitable for archaeological or geophysical research being limited. This paper presents an integrated geophysical study carried out in the Central Fort zone of the archaeological site in September 2020, which included magnetic, gravity, and geoelectrical (ERT�Electrical Resistivity Tomography) surveys. The magnetic survey covered the entire Central Fort area (3 hectares), in continuous data acquisition mode, using profiles with approximately N�S orientation and 2 m spacing between the profiles. The gravity and ERT surveys were conducted on profiles with NE�SW and NW�SE orientation, with 2 m spacing between successive gravity measurements and 0.8 or 1 m electrode spacing. The geophysical data analysis revealed distinct anomalous zones and lineaments with preferential NW�SE and NE�SW orientations, likely corresponding to Roman construction elements incorporating baked bricks or stone, brick debris, pits, or furnaces. An anomalous lineament possibly corresponding to an underground sewer or drainage channel was also detected in the northern extremity of the surveyed perimeter. These preliminary results demonstrate the applicability of the selected geophysical investigation methods in the specific conditions of Resca�Romula archeological site. A future research direction consists of testing the validity of the geophysical survey results through systematic archaeological excavations.

Published
2022

17. Probing hadronic interactions using the latest data measured by the Pierre Auger Observatory

Author

Caterina Trimarelli, Pedro Abreu, Marco Aglietta, Ingomar Allekotte, Kévin Almeida Cheminant, Alejandro Almela, Jaime Alvarez-Muniz, Juan Ammerman Yebra, Gioacchino Alex Anastasi, Luis A. Anchordoqui, Belén Andrada, Sofia Andringa, Carla Aramo, Paulo Ricardo Araújo Ferreira, Enrico Arnone, Juan Carlos Arteaga Velazquez, Hernán Gonzalo Asorey, Pedro Assis, Gualberto Avila, Emanuele Avocone, Alina Mihaela Badescu, Alena Bakalova, Alexandru Balaceanu, Felicia Barbato, Jose A. Bellido, Corinne Berat, Mario Edoardo Bertaina, Gopal Bhatta, Peter L. Biermann, Virginia Binet, Kathrin Bismark, Teresa Bister, Jonathan Biteau, Jiri Blazek, Carla Bleve, Johannes Blümer, Martina Bohacova, Denise Boncioli, Carla Bonifazi, Luan Bonneau Arbeletche, Nataliia Borodai, Jeffrey Brack, Thomas Bretz, P. Gabriel Brichetto Orchera, Florian Lukas Briechle, Peter Buchholz, Antonio Bueno, Stijn Buitink, Mario Buscemi, Max Büsken, Anthony Bwembya, Karen S. Caballero-Mora, Lorenzo Caccianiga, Ioana Caracas, Rossella Caruso, Antonella Castellina, Fernando Catalani, Gabriella Cataldi, Lorenzo Cazon, Marcos Cerda, Jose Augusto Chinellato, Jiří Chudoba, Ladislav Chytka, Roger W Clay, Agustín Cobos Cerutti, Roberta Colalillo, Alan Coleman, Maria Rita Coluccia, Rúben Conceição, Antonio Condorelli, Giovanni Consolati, Fernando Contreras, Fabio Convenga, Diego Correia dos Santos, Corbin Covault, Markus Cristinziani, Sergio Dasso, Kai Daumiller, Bruce R. Dawson, Jarryd A. Day, Rogerio M. de Almeida, Joaquin de Jesus, Sijbrand J. de Jong, João de Mello Neto, Ivan De Mitri, Jaime de Oliveira, Danelise de Oliveira Franco, Francesco de Palma, Vitor de Souza, Emanuele De Vito, Antonino Del Popolo, Olivier Deligny, Luca Deval, Armando di Matteo, Madalina Dobre, Carola Dobrigkeit, Juan Carlos D'Olivo, Luis Miguel Domingues Mendes, Rita Cassia dos Anjos, Maria Teresa Dova, Jan Ebr, Mohamed Eman, Ralph Engel, Italo Epicoco, Martin Erdmann, Carlos O. Escobar, Alberto Etchegoyen, Heino Falcke, John Farmer, Glennys R. Farrar, Anderson Campos Fauth, Norberto Fazzini, Fridtjof Feldbusch, Francesco Fenu, Brian Fick, Juan Manuel Figueira, Andrej Filipcic, Thomas Fitoussi, Tomáš Fodran, Toshihiro Fujii, Alan Fuster, Cristina Galea, Claudio Galelli, Beatriz García, Hartmut Gemmeke, Flavia Gesualdi, Alexandru Gherghel-Lascu, Piera Luisa Ghia, Ugo GIACCARI, Marco Giammarchi, Jonas Glombitza, Fabian Gobbi, Fernando Gollan, Geraldina Golup, Mariano Gómez Berisso, Primo F. Gómez Vitale, Juan Pablo Gongora, Juan Manuel González, Nicolas Martin Gonzalez, Isabel Goos, Dariusz Gora, Alessio Gorgi, Marvin Gottowik, Trent D. Grubb, Fausto Guarino, Germano Guedes, Eleonora Guido, Steffen Traugott Hahn, Petr Hamal, Matías Rolf Hampel, Patricia María Hansen, Diego Harari, Violet M. Harvey, Andreas Haungs, Thomas Hebbeker, Dieter Heck, Carlos Hojvat, Jörg R. Hörandel, Pavel Horvath, Miroslav Hrabovsky, Tim Huege, Antonio Insolia, Paula Gina Isar, Petr Janecek, Jeffrey A. Johnsen, Jakub Jurysek, Alex Kääpä, Karl-Heinz Kampert, Bianca Keilhauer, Abha Khakurdikar, Varada Varma Kizakke Covilakam, Hans Klages, Matthias Kleifges, Jonny Kleinfeller, Felix Knapp, Norbert Kunka, Bruno L. Lago, Niklas Langner, Marcelo Augusto Leigui de Oliveira, Vladimir Lenok, Antoine Letessier-Selvon, Isabelle Lhenry-Yvon, Domenico Lo Presti, Luis LOPES, Rebeca López, Lu Lu, Quentin Luce, Jon Paul Lundquist, Allan Machado Payeras, Giovanni Mancarella, Dusan Mandat, Bradley C. Manning, Julien Manshanden, Paul Mantsch, Sullivan Marafico, Federico Maria Mariani, Analisa Mariazzi, Ioana Maris, Giovanni Marsella, Daniele Martello, Sara Martinelli, Oscar Martínez Bravo, Miguel Alexandre Martins, Massimo Mastrodicasa, Hermann-Josef Mathes, James Matthews, Giorgio Matthiae, Eric William Mayotte, Sonja Mayotte, Peter Mazur, Gustavo Medina-Tanco, Diego Melo, Alexander Menshikov, Stanislav Michal, Maria Isabel Micheletti, Lino Miramonti, Silvia Mollerach, François Montanet, Leonel Morejon, Carlo Morello, Ana L. Müller, Katharine Mulrey, Roberto Mussa, Marco Stein Muzio, Wilson M. Namasaka, Alina Nasr-Esfahani, Lukas Nellen, Gabriela Nicora, Mihai Niculescu-Oglinzanu, Marcus Niechciol, Dave Nitz, Ian Norwood, Dalibor Nosek, Vladimír Novotný, Libor Nozka, Achille Nucita, Luis A. Nunez, Cainã Oliveira, Miroslav Palatka, Juan Pallotta, Gonzalo Parente, Alejandra Parra, Jannis Pawlowsky, Miroslav Pech, Jan Pękala, Rodrigo Pelayo, Edyvania Emily Pereira Martins, Johnnier Perez Armand, Carmina Pérez Bertolli, Lorenzo Perrone, Sergio Petrera, Camilla Petrucci, Tanguy Pierog, Mário Pimenta, Manuel Platino, Bjarni Pont, Mart Pothast, Paolo Privitera, Michael Prouza, Andrew Puyleart, Sven Querchfeld, Julian Rautenberg, Diego Ravignani, Maximilian Reininghaus, Jan Ridky, Felix Riehn, Markus Risse, Vincenzo Rizi, Washington Rodrigues de Carvalho, Jorge Rubén Rodriguez Rojo, Matías J. Roncoroni, Simone Rossoni, Markus Roth, Esteban Roulet, Adrian Rovero, Philip Ruehl, Alexandra Saftoiu, Mohit Saharan, Francesco Salamida, Humberto Ibarguen Salazar, Gaetano Salina, Jose Sanabria Gomez, Federico Andrés Sánchez, Edivaldo Moura Santos, Eva Santos, Fred Sarazin, Raul Sarmento, Ricardo Sato, Pierpaolo Savina, Christoph M. Schäfer, Viviana Scherini, Harald Schieler, Martin Schimassek, Michael Schimp, Felix Schlüter, David Schmidt, Olaf Scholten, Harm Schoorlemmer, Petr Schovanek, Frank G. Schröder, Josina Schulte, Tobias Schulz, Sergio J Sciutto, Marina Scornavacche, Alberto Segreto, Srijan Sehgal, Shima Ujjani Shivashankara, Guenter Sigl, Gaia Silli, Octavian Sima, Raluca Smau, Radomir Smida, Paul Sommers, Jorge F. Soriano, Ruben Squartini, Maximilian Stadelmaier, Denis Stanca, Samo Stanič, Jaroslaw Stasielak, Patrick Stassi, Maximilian Straub, Alexander Streich, Mauricio Suárez-Durán, Tristan Sudholz, Tiina Suomijarvi, A. Daniel Supanitsky, Zbigniew Szadkowski, Alex Tapia, Carla Taricco, Charles Timmermans, Olena Tkachenko, Petr Tobiska, Carlos J. Todero Peixoto, Bernardo Tomé, Zoé Torrès, Andres Travaini, Petr Travnicek, Matias Jorge Tueros, Ralf Ulrich, Michael Unger, Lukáš Vaclavek, Martin Vacula, Jose F. Valdés Galicia, Laura Valore, Enrique Varela, Adriana Vásquez-Ramírez, Darko Veberic, Cynthia Ventura, Indira D. Vergara Quispe, Valerio Verzi, Jakub Vicha, Jacco Vink, Serguei Vorobiov, Hernan Wahlberg, Clara Keiko Oliveira Watanabe, Alan Watson, Andreas Weindl, Lawrence Wiencke, Henryk Wilczyński, David Wittkowski, Brian Wundheiler, Alexey Yushkov, Orazio Zapparrata, Enrique Zas, Danilo Zavrtanik, Marko Zavrtanik, and Lukas Zehrer

Published
2022

19. Spiking neural P systems: matrix representation and formal verification

Author

Henry N. Adorna, Raluca Lefticaru, Savas Konur, Marian Gheorghe, and Ionuţ Mihai Niculescu

Subjects
Class (set theory), Theoretical computer science, Computer science, Applied Mathematics, 0206 medical engineering, Matrix representation, Complex system, 0102 computer and information sciences, 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, Set (abstract data type), Development (topology), Computational Theory and Mathematics, 010201 computation theory & mathematics, Theory of computation, Routing (electronic design automation), Formal verification, 020602 bioinformatics
Abstract

Structural and behavioural properties of models are very important in development of complex systems and applications. In this paper, we investigate such properties for some classes of SN P systems. First, a class of SN P systems associated to a set of routing problems are investigated through their matrix representation. This allows to make certain connections amongst some of these problems. Secondly, the behavioural properties of these SN P systems are formally verified through a natural and direct mapping of these models into kP systems which are equipped with adequate formal verification methods and tools. Some examples are used to prove the effectiveness of the verification approach.

Published
2021

20. Extraction of the Muon Signals Recorded with the Surface Detector of the Pierre Auger Observatory Using Recurrent Neural Networks

Author

Jose Chinellato, Marvin Gottowik, Dariusz Gora, Eric Mayotte, A. Gorgi, M. Gómez Berisso, Alan Coleman, S. J. Saffi, Ioana Caracas, R. C. Shellard, R.J. Barreira Luz, Miroslav Pech, M. Pothast, Pavel Horvath, A. Letessier-Selvon, Mario Buscemi, G. De Mauro, A. Tapia, Jörg R. Hörandel, I. Lhenry-Yvon, P. Ruehl, L. Valore, H. Gemmeke, Lorenzo Cazon, C. Pérez Bertolli, M. Suárez-Durán, M. Unger, E. M. Santos, Sullivan Marafico, Clara Keiko Oliveira Watanabe, Serguei Vorobiov, Marco Giammarchi, Jon Paul Lundquist, A. Menshikov, R. Alves Batista, Bruce R. Dawson, F. Pedreira, Sofia Andringa, Julien Manshanden, Andres Travaini, E. Varela, J.D. Sanabria Gomez, Roberto Mussa, Frank G. Schröder, P.O. Mazur, Marina Scornavacche, Jonathan Biteau, F. Salamida, A. Yushkov, Paul Sommers, Maximilian Reininghaus, Raul Sarmento, Felix Schlüter, Fabian Gobbi, Ioana Codrina Maris, Violet M. Harvey, D. Harari, Martina Bohacova, G. P. Guedes, Toshihiro Fujii, Jakub Juryšek, John Farmer, D. Nitz, G. Cataldi, V. Scherini, J. Rautenberg, M. Risse, Jonathan Blazek, Q. Luce, Juan Pablo Gongora, Alena Bakalova, K. Choi, Esteban Roulet, D. Melo, M. Schimp, H. J. Mathes, A. Puyleart, Stanislav Michal, Corinne Berat, M. Giller, Orazio Zapparrata, B. C. Manning, Marcio Aparecido Muller, Maria-Teresa Dova, Markus Roth, R. Sato, Lourenco Lopes, P. Abreu, D. Ravignani, G. Golup, N. Kunka, T. Bister, Maria Rita Coluccia, G. C. Hill, Maximilian Stadelmaier, J. F. Valdés Galicia, I. De Mitri, N. Fazzini, Petr Hamal, Ana Martina Botti, Francesco Fenu, Steffen Hahn, Juan Carlos D'Olivo, T. Pierog, Antonio Condorelli, Alina Mihaela Badescu, Cristina Galea, Jonas Glombitza, F. C. T. Barbato, M. Prouza, Justin M. Albury, P. L. Ghia, L. R. Wiencke, S. Schröder, Niklas Langner, Italo Epicoco, G. Parente, Fabrizia Canfora, Jose J. Gonzalez, Dusan Mandat, Ralph Engel, J. Ridky, J. Rodriguez Rojo, Fridtjof Feldbusch, Enrique Zas, Lorenzo Caccianiga, L. Zehrer, Thomas Hebbeker, M. A. Leigui de Oliveira, Sergio Dasso, Tristan Sudholz, M. I. Micheletti, J. Chudoba, F. Riehn, Carola Dobrigkeit, M. Muzio, V. Novotny, A.L. Garcia Vegas, C. M. Schäfer, Marcel Köpke, M. Platino, François Montanet, A. Insolia, M. Kleifges, D. Zavrtanik, Fernando Contreras, Valerio Verzi, B. Tome, Martín Miguel Freire, Rossella Caruso, B. L. Lago, A. Lucero, Fernando Catalani, Bjarni Pont, E.E. Pereira Martins, J. de Oliveira, J. Pȩkala, Alejandro Almela, Jaime Alvarez-Muñiz, Alexandru Gherghel-Lascu, Brian Fick, Josina Schulte, V. Pirronello, C. J.W.P. Timmermans, Martin Vacula, Julian Kemp, Philipp Papenbreer, Rúben Conceição, M. E. Bertaina, Alan Watson, M. Perlin, Mihai Niculescu-Oglinzanu, L. Bonneau Arbeletche, G. Marsella, Petr Travnicek, Paula Gina Isar, Peter Hansen, W. M. Namasaka, M. Mastrodicasa, Carla Bleve, Rodrigo Guedes Lang, David Wittkowski, Lukáš Vaclavek, Belén Andrada, A. C. Rovero, Eleonora Guido, G. Mancarella, Jesús Peña-Rodríguez, B. Keilhauer, G. Salina, Olivier Deligny, Trent D. Grubb, F. Guarino, John Matthews, Peter Buchholz, Heino Falcke, Alexandru Balaceanu, Vladimir Lenok, P. Tobiska, L. Perrone, Alex Kääpä, Magdalena Cerdá, Juan Manuel Figueira, Roberta Colalillo, Carla Aramo, Matías J. Roncoroni, S. J. Sciutto, R.C. dos Anjos, A. G. Mariazzi, Adriana Vásquez-Ramírez, Vincenzo Rizi, Julien Souchard, D. Martello, J. Vicha, Hernán Asorey, A. Di Matteo, Juan Miguel Carceller, Silvia Mollerach, Flavia Gesualdi, Tomáš Fodran, Alina Nasr-Esfahani, M. Palatka, Xavier Bertou, Marco Aglietta, O. Martínez Bravo, B. Wundheiler, A. Zepeda, Miroslav Hrabovský, Pedro Assis, H. Martinez, A. Etchegoyen, Jeffrey A. Johnsen, L. Lu, H. Schieler, Ugo Giaccari, N. González, A. Segreto, J. F. Soriano, Günter Sigl, Antonella Castellina, A. Haungs, P. Stassi, Radomir Smida, A. Machado Payeras, Thomas Bretz, Gaia Silli, A. Filipčič, Kai Daumiller, F. Sanchez, Petr Janecek, Corbin Covault, F. Sarazin, Srijan Sehgal, Matías Rolf Hampel, Fernando Gollan, S. Petrera, Marc Weber, F. de Palma, P. Mantsch, Lino Miramonti, V. de Souza, D. de Oliveira Franco, G. Matthiae, Z. Szadkowski, Christian Sarmiento-Cano, P. Savina, W. Rodrigues de Carvalho, Antonio Bueno, G. Farrar, T. Huege, Jeffrey Brack, Olaf Scholten, Humberto Ibarguen Salazar, R. M. de Almeida, Gualberto Avila, Octavian Sima, Nataliia Borodai, Miguel Mostafa, A. Fuster, Samo Stanič, D. Lo Presti, D. Correia dos Santos, Isabel Goos, D. Heck, Rodrigo Pelayo, S. J. De Jong, L. Nellen, L. Anchordoqui, A. Taboada, Stijn Buitink, Katie Mulrey, M. del Río, Jarryd A. Day, A. Saftoiu, P.F. Gómez Vitale, C. Morello, A.C. Cobos Cerutti, T. Suomijärvi, D. Nosek, E. Santos, J. Pallotta, J. R. T. de Mello Neto, A. Weindl, Peter L. Biermann, David Schmidt, Paolo Privitera, Hernan Wahlberg, Darko Veberič, A. Parra, M. Schimassek, C. Hojvat, Jan Ebr, Jacco Vink, H.O. Klages, M. Trini, A. A. Nucita, J. Kleinfeller, Carlos Escobar, Kevin-Druis Merenda, A.D. Supanitsky, P.G. Brichetto Orchera, I. Allekotte, A. C. Fauth, Carla Bonifazi, Jose A. Bellido, Fabio Convenga, I.D. Vergara Quispe, J. Stasielak, K.-H. Becker, M. Pimenta, Denise Boncioli, P.R. Araújo Ferreira, Tobias Winchen, Florian Lukas Briechle, A. Aab, K. H. Kampert, J. C. Arteaga Velázquez, J. Perez Armand, Carla Taricco, C. Trimarelli, Matias Tueros, Claudio Galelli, B. García, R. López, Karen S. Caballero-Mora, Luis A. Nunez, Marcus Niechciol, Martin Erdmann, J. de Jesús, A. Streich, Gioacchino Alex Anastasi, M. Wirtz, Roger W Clay, S. Querchfeld, Olena Tkachenko, J. Šupík, Carlo Ventura, Ladislav Chytka, J. Hulsman, R. Squartini, Alfred Müller, G. Medina-Tanco, M. Zavrtanik, E. De Vito, Giovanni Consolati, C. J. Todero Peixoto, Petr Schovanek, Denis Stanca, H. Wilczyński, Ralf Ulrich, L. Nožka, Physics, Aab, A., Abreu, P., Aglietta, M., Albury, J. M., Allekotte, I., Almela, A., Alvarez-Muniz, J., Batista, R. A., Anastasi, G. A., Anchordoqui, L., Andrada, B., Andringa, S., Aramo, C., Ferreira, P. R. A., Velazquez, J. C. A., Asorey, H., Assis, P., Avila, G., Badescu, A. M., Bakalova, A., Balaceanu, A., Barbato, F., Luz, R. J. B., Becker, K. H., Bellido, J. A., Berat, C., Bertaina, M. E., Bertou, X., Biermann, P. L., Bister, T., Biteau, J., Blazek, J., Bleve, C., Bohacova, M., Boncioli, D., Bonifazi, C., Arbeletche, L. B., Borodai, N., Botti, A. M., Brack, J., Bretz, T., Orchera, P. G. B., Briechle, F. L., Buchholz, P., Bueno, A., Buitink, S., Buscemi, M., Caballero-Mora, K. S., Caccianiga, L., Canfora, F., Caracas, I., Carceller, J. M., Caruso, R., Castellina, A., Catalani, F., Cataldi, G., Cazon, L., Cerda, M., Chinellato, J. A., Choi, K., Chudoba, J., Chytka, L., Clay, R. W., Cerutti, A. C. C., Colalillo, R., Coleman, A., Coluccia, M. R., Conceicao, R., Condorelli, A., Consolati, G., Contreras, F., Convenga, F., dos Santos, D. C., Covault, C. E., Dasso, S., Daumiller, K., Dawson, B. R., Day, J. A., de Almeida, R. M., de Jesus, J., de Jong, S. J., de Mauro, G., de Mello Neto, J. R. T., de Mitri, I., de Oliveira, J., de Oliveira Franco, D., de Palma, F., de Souza, V., de Vito, E., del Rio, M., Deligny, O., Di Matteo, A., Dobrigkeit, C., D'Olivo, J. C., dos Anjos, R. C., Dova, M. T., Ebr, J., Engel, R., Epicoco, I., Erdmann, M., Escobar, C. O., Etchegoyen, A., Falcke, H., Farmer, J., Farrar, G., Fauth, A. C., Fazzini, N., Feldbusch, F., Fenu, F., Fick, B., Figueira, J. M., Filipcic, A., Fodran, T., Freire, M. M., Fujii, T., Fuster, A., Galea, C., Galelli, C., Garcia, B., Vegas, A. L. G., Gemmeke, H., Gesualdi, F., Gherghel-Lascu, A., Ghia, P. L., Giaccari, U., Giammarchi, M., Giller, M., Glombitza, J., Gobbi, F., Gollan, F., Golup, G., Berisso, M. G., Vitale, P. F. G., Gongora, J. P., Gonzalez, J. M., Gonzalez, N., Goos, I., Gora, D., Gorgi, A., Gottowik, M., Grubb, T. D., Guarino, F., Guedes, G. P., Guido, E., Hahn, S., Hamal, P., Hampel, M. R., Hansen, P., Harari, D., Harvey, V. M., Haungs, A., Hebbeker, T., Heck, D., Hill, G. C., Hojvat, C., Horandel, J. R., Horvath, P., Hrabovsky, M., Huege, T., Hulsman, J., Insolia, A., Isar, P. G., Janecek, P., Johnsen, J. A., Jurysek, J., Kaapa, A., Kampert, K. H., Keilhauer, B., Kemp, J., Klages, H. O., Kleifges, M., Kleinfeller, J., Kopke, M., Kunka, N., Lago, B. L., Lang, R. G., Langner, N., de Oliveira, M. A. L., Lenok, V., Letessier-Selvon, A., Lhenry-Yvon, I., Lo Presti, D., Lopes, L., Lopez, R., Lu, L., Luce, Q., Lucero, A., Lundquist, J. P., Payeras, A. M., Mancarella, G., Mandat, D., Manning, B. C., Manshanden, J., Mantsch, P., Marafico, S., Mariazzi, A. G., Maris, I. C., Marsella, G., Martello, D., Martinez, H., Bravo, O. M., Mastrodicasa, M., Mathes, H. J., Matthews, J., Matthiae, G., Mayotte, E., Mazur, P. O., Medina-Tanco, G., Melo, D., Menshikov, A., Merenda, K. -D., Michal, S., Micheletti, M. I., Miramonti, L., Mollerach, S., Montanet, F., Morello, C., Mostafa, M., Muller, A. L., Muller, M. A., Mulrey, K., Mussa, R., Muzio, M., Namasaka, W. M., Nasr-Esfahani, A., Nellen, L., Niculescu-Oglinzanu, M., Niechciol, M., Nitz, D., Nosek, D., Novotny, V., Nozka, L., Nucita, A., Nunez, L. A., Palatka, M., Pallotta, J., Papenbreer, P., Parente, G., Parra, A., Pech, M., Pedreira, F., Pekala, J., Pelayo, R., Pena-Rodriguez, J., Martins, E. E. P., Armand, J. P., Bertolli, C. P., Perlin, M., Perrone, L., Petrera, S., Pierog, T., Pimenta, M., Pirronello, V., Platino, M., Pont, B., Pothast, M., Privitera, P., Prouza, M., Puyleart, A., Querchfeld, S., Rautenberg, J., Ravignani, D., Reininghaus, M., Ridky, J., Riehn, F., Risse, M., Rizi, V., de Carvalho, W. R., Rojo, J. R., Roncoroni, M. J., Roth, M., Roulet, E., Rovero, A. C., Ruehl, P., Saffi, S. J., Saftoiu, A., Salamida, F., Salazar, H., Salina, G., Gomez, J. D. S., Sanchez, F., Santos, E. M., Santos, E., Sarazin, F., Sarmento, R., Sarmiento-Cano, C., Sato, R., Savina, P., Schafer, C. M., Scherini, V., Schieler, H., Schimassek, M., Schimp, M., Schluter, F., Schmidt, D., Scholten, O., Schovanek, P., Schroder, F. G., Schroder, S., Schulte, J., Sciutto, S. J., Scornavacche, M., Segreto, A., Sehgal, S., Shellard, R. C., Sigl, G., Silli, G., Sima, O., Smida, R., Sommers, P., Soriano, J. F., Souchard, J., Squartini, R., Stadelmaier, M., Stanca, D., Stanic, S., Stasielak, J., Stassi, P., Streich, A., Suarez-Duran, M., Sudholz, T., Suomijarvi, T., Supanitsky, A. D., Supik, J., Szadkowski, Z., Taboada, A., Tapia, A., Taricco, C., Timmermans, C., Tkachenko, O., Tobiska, P., Peixoto, C. J. T., Tome, B., Travaini, A., Travnicek, P., Trimarelli, C., Trini, M., Tueros, M., Ulrich, R., Unger, M., Vaclavek, L., Vacula, M., Galicia, J. F. V., Valore, L., Varela, E., Varma, V., Vasquez-Ramirez, A., Veberic, D., Ventura, C., Quispe, I. D. V., Verzi, V., Vicha, J., Vink, J., Vorobiov, S., Wahlberg, H., Watanabe, C., Watson, A. A., Weber, M., Weindl, A., Wiencke, L., Wilczynski, H., Winchen, T., Wirtz, M., Wittkowski, D., Wundheiler, B., Yushkov, A., Zapparrata, O., Zas, E., Zavrtanik, D., Zavrtanik, M., Zehrer, L., Zepeda, A., Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Laboratoire de Physique des 2 Infinis Irène Joliot-Curie (IJCLab), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Énergies (LPNHE (UMR_7585)), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Pierre Auger, Research unit Astroparticle Physics, Alvarez-Mu??iz, J., Alves Batista, R., Ara??jo Ferreira, P. R., Arteaga Vel??zquez, J. C., Barreira Luz, R. J., Boh????ov??, M., Bonneau Arbeletche, L., Brichetto Orchera, P. G., Cobos Cerutti, A. C., Concei????o, R., Correia dos Santos, D., de Jes??s, J., De Mauro, G., De Mitri, I., De Vito, E., del R??o, M., Filip??i??, A., Garc??a, B., Garcia Vegas, A. L., G??mez Berisso, M., G??mez Vitale, P. F., Gonz??lez, J. M., Gonz??lez, N., G??ra, D., H??randel, J. R., Hrabovsk??, M., K????p??, A., K??pke, M., Leigui de Oliveira, M. A., L??pez, R., Machado Payeras, A., Mari??, I. C., Mart??nez Bravo, O., Mostaf??, M., M??ller, A. L., No??ka, L., N????ez, L. A., P??kala, J., Pe??a-Rodriguez, J., Pereira Martins, E. E., Perez Armand, J., P??rez Bertolli, C., Rodrigues de Carvalho, W., Rodriguez Rojo, J., Sanabria Gomez, J. D., S??nchez, F., Sch??fer, C. M., Schl??ter, F., Schov??nek, P., Schr??der, F. G., Schr??der, S., m??da, R., Stani??, S., Su??rez-Dur??n, M., Suomij??rvi, T., up??k, J., Todero Peixoto, C. J., Tom??, B., Vald??s Galicia, J. F., Varma K. C., V., V??squez-Ram??rez, A., Veberi??, D., Vergara Quispe, I. D., Wilczy??ski, H., High Energy Astrophys. & Astropart. Phys (API, FNWI), Aab A., Abreu P., Aglietta M., Albury J.M., Allekotte I., Almela A., Alvarez-Muniz J., Batista R.A., Anastasi G.A., Anchordoqui L., Andrada B., Andringa S., Aramo C., Ferreira P.R.A., Velazquez J.C.A., Asorey H., Assis P., Avila G., Badescu A.M., Bakalova A., Balaceanu A., Barbato F., Luz R.J.B., Becker K.H., Bellido J.A., Berat C., Bertaina M.E., Bertou X., Biermann P.L., Bister T., Biteau J., Blazek J., Bleve C., Bohacova M., Boncioli D., Bonifazi C., Arbeletche L.B., Borodai N., Botti A.M., Brack J., Bretz T., Orchera P.G.B., Briechle F.L., Buchholz P., Bueno A., Buitink S., Buscemi M., Caballero-Mora K.S., Caccianiga L., Canfora F., Caracas I., Carceller J.M., Caruso R., Castellina A., Catalani F., Cataldi G., Cazon L., Cerda M., Chinellato J.A., Choi K., Chudoba J., Chytka L., Clay R.W., Cerutti A.C.C., Colalillo R., Coleman A., Coluccia M.R., Conceicao R., Condorelli A., Consolati G., Contreras F., Convenga F., dos Santos D.C., Covault C.E., Dasso S., Daumiller K., Dawson B.R., Day J.A., de Almeida R.M., de Jesus J., de Jong S.J., de Mauro G., de Mello Neto J.R.T., de Mitri I., de Oliveira J., de Oliveira Franco D., de Palma F., de Souza V., de Vito E., del Rio M., Deligny O., Di Matteo A., Dobrigkeit C., D'Olivo J.C., dos Anjos R.C., Dova M.T., Ebr J., Engel R., Epicoco I., Erdmann M., Escobar C.O., Etchegoyen A., Falcke H., Farmer J., Farrar G., Fauth A.C., Fazzini N., Feldbusch F., Fenu F., Fick B., Figueira J.M., Filipcic A., Fodran T., Freire M.M., Fujii T., Fuster A., Galea C., Galelli C., Garcia B., Vegas A.L.G., Gemmeke H., Gesualdi F., Gherghel-Lascu A., Ghia P.L., Giaccari U., Giammarchi M., Giller M., Glombitza J., Gobbi F., Gollan F., Golup G., Berisso M.G., Vitale P.F.G., Gongora J.P., Gonzalez J.M., Gonzalez N., Goos I., Gora D., Gorgi A., Gottowik M., Grubb T.D., Guarino F., Guedes G.P., Guido E., Hahn S., Hamal P., Hampel M.R., Hansen P., Harari D., Harvey V.M., Haungs A., Hebbeker T., Heck D., Hill G.C., Hojvat C., Horandel J.R., Horvath P., Hrabovsky M., Huege T., Hulsman J., Insolia A., Isar P.G., Janecek P., Johnsen J.A., Jurysek J., Kaapa A., Kampert K.H., Keilhauer B., Kemp J., Klages H.O., Kleifges M., Kleinfeller J., Kopke M., Kunka N., Lago B.L., Lang R.G., Langner N., de Oliveira M.A.L., Lenok V., Letessier-Selvon A., Lhenry-Yvon I., Lo Presti D., Lopes L., Lopez R., Lu L., Luce Q., Lucero A., Lundquist J.P., Payeras A.M., Mancarella G., Mandat D., Manning B.C., Manshanden J., Mantsch P., Marafico S., Mariazzi A.G., Maris I.C., Marsella G., Martello D., Martinez H., Bravo O.M., Mastrodicasa M., Mathes H.J., Matthews J., Matthiae G., Mayotte E., Mazur P.O., Medina-Tanco G., Melo D., Menshikov A., Merenda K.-D., Michal S., Micheletti M.I., Miramonti L., Mollerach S., Montanet F., Morello C., Mostafa M., Muller A.L., Muller M.A., Mulrey K., Mussa R., Muzio M., Namasaka W.M., Nasr-Esfahani A., Nellen L., Niculescu-Oglinzanu M., Niechciol M., Nitz D., Nosek D., Novotny V., Nozka L., Nucita A., Nunez L.A., Palatka M., Pallotta J., Papenbreer P., Parente G., Parra A., Pech M., Pedreira F., Pekala J., Pelayo R., Pena-Rodriguez J., Martins E.E.P., Armand J.P., Bertolli C.P., Perlin M., Perrone L., Petrera S., Pierog T., Pimenta M., Pirronello V., Platino M., Pont B., Pothast M., Privitera P., Prouza M., Puyleart A., Querchfeld S., Rautenberg J., Ravignani D., Reininghaus M., Ridky J., Riehn F., Risse M., Rizi V., de Carvalho W.R., Rojo J.R., Roncoroni M.J., Roth M., Roulet E., Rovero A.C., Ruehl P., Saffi S.J., Saftoiu A., Salamida F., Salazar H., Salina G., Gomez J.D.S., Sanchez F., Santos E.M., Santos E., Sarazin F., Sarmento R., Sarmiento-Cano C., Sato R., Savina P., Schafer C.M., Scherini V., Schieler H., Schimassek M., Schimp M., Schluter F., Schmidt D., Scholten O., Schovanek P., Schroder F.G., Schroder S., Schulte J., Sciutto S.J., Scornavacche M., Segreto A., Sehgal S., Shellard R.C., Sigl G., Silli G., Sima O., Smida R., Sommers P., Soriano J.F., Souchard J., Squartini R., Stadelmaier M., Stanca D., Stanic S., Stasielak J., Stassi P., Streich A., Suarez-Duran M., Sudholz T., Suomijarvi T., Supanitsky A.D., Supik J., Szadkowski Z., Taboada A., Tapia A., Taricco C., Timmermans C., Tkachenko O., Tobiska P., Peixoto C.J.T., Tome B., Travaini A., Travnicek P., Trimarelli C., Trini M., Tueros M., Ulrich R., Unger M., Vaclavek L., Vacula M., Galicia J.F.V., Valore L., Varela E., Varma V., Vasquez-Ramirez A., Veberic D., Ventura C., Quispe I.D.V., Verzi V., Vicha J., Vink J., Vorobiov S., Wahlberg H., Watanabe C., Watson A.A., Weber M., Weindl A., Wiencke L., Wilczynski H., Winchen T., Wirtz M., Wittkowski D., Wundheiler B., Yushkov A., Zapparrata O., Zas E., Zavrtanik D., Zavrtanik M., Zehrer L., and Zepeda A.

Subjects
Photon, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Astronomy, Electron, 01 natural sciences, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Auger, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), mass [cosmic radiation], surface [detector], Observatory, [PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex], photon: cosmic radiation, Instrumentation, Mathematical Physics, Physics, AGASA, Settore FIS/01 - Fisica Sperimentale, Detector, cosmic radiation [photon], Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Monte Carlo [numerical calculations], electromagnetic [showers], observatory, cosmic radiation [electron], Analysis and statistical methods, numerical calculations: Monte Carlo, Analysis and statistical method, performance, positron: cosmic radiation, atmosphere [showers], Cherenkov detector, data analysis method, Calibration and fitting methods, Cherenkov detectors, Cluster finding, Large detector systems for particle and astroparticle physics, Pattern recognition, Cherenkov counter: water, air, neural network, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, Cosmic ray, cosmic radiation [positron], cosmic radiation: mass, Calibration and fitting method, Nuclear physics, statistical analysis, 0103 physical sciences, showers: electromagnetic, ddc:530, ddc:610, High Energy Physics, 010306 general physics, Zenith, Pierre Auger Observatory, cosmic radiation [muon], Muon, showers: atmosphere, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, detector: surface, hep-ex, water [Cherenkov counter], electron: cosmic radiation, Recurrent neural network, muon: cosmic radiation, Large detector systems for particle and astroparticle physic, Experimental High Energy Physics, High Energy Physics::Experiment, RAIOS CÓSMICOS, experimental results
Abstract

The Pierre Auger Observatory, at present the largest cosmic-ray observatory ever built, is instrumented with a ground array of 1600 water-Cherenkov detectors, known as the Surface Detector (SD). The SD samples the secondary particle content (mostly photons, electrons, positrons and muons) of extensive air showers initiated by cosmic rays with energies ranging from $10^{17}~$eV up to more than $10^{20}~$eV. Measuring the independent contribution of the muon component to the total registered signal is crucial to enhance the capability of the Observatory to estimate the mass of the cosmic rays on an event-by-event basis. However, with the current design of the SD, it is difficult to straightforwardly separate the contributions of muons to the SD time traces from those of photons, electrons and positrons. In this paper, we present a method aimed at extracting the muon component of the time traces registered with each individual detector of the SD using Recurrent Neural Networks. We derive the performances of the method by training the neural network on simulations, in which the muon and the electromagnetic components of the traces are known. We conclude this work showing the performance of this method on experimental data of the Pierre Auger Observatory. We find that our predictions agree with the parameterizations obtained by the AGASA collaboration to describe the lateral distributions of the electromagnetic and muonic components of extensive air showers., Comment: Published version, 23 pages, 15 figures

Published
2022

21. Characterization of Pliocene Biogenic Gas Reservoirs from the Western Black Sea Shelf (Romanian Offshore) by Integration of Well Logs and Core Data

Author

Victor Mocanu and Bogdan Mihai Niculescu

Subjects
Technology, Control and Optimization, Well logging, Borehole, Energy Engineering and Power Technology, Aquifer, Sedimentary depositional environment, well logging, core analysis, continental shelf, Formation evaluation, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Petrology, Engineering (miscellaneous), Western Black Sea, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment, Continental shelf, Petrophysics, Logging, Pliocene biogenic gas, electrical resistivity, fluid contacts, formation evaluation, pressure survey, Geology, Energy (miscellaneous)
Abstract

The successful interpretation of open-hole well logging data relies on jointly using all available petrophysical and geological information. This paper presents relevant case studies related to the integration of well logs with core measurements for exploration wells drilled in the Romanian continental shelf area of the Western Black Sea basin. The analyzed wells targeted gas-bearing sands and silts complexes of Early Pliocene (Dacian) age, developed in a deltaic to shallow marine sedimentary environment in two distinct fields. The wireline logging programs included conventional formation evaluation logs, pressure surveys, nuclear magnetic resonance, and borehole electrical imaging logs. The core dataset comprised routine and special measurements (porosity, grain density, permeability, water saturation, and Archie parameters) carried out at quasi-reservoir confining pressure. The wireline logging suites were interpreted via a deterministic workflow, including core-derived interpretation parameters. Other core-derived parameters were used for constraining and validating the log interpretations. The results show that a problem related to the ambiguity of formation water resistivity can be overcome through resistivity–porosity dependencies constructed to include potential aquifer zones in the proximity of the Dacian gas-bearing reservoirs. This study also revealed and quantified uncertainties regarding the estimation of gas–water contacts from formation pressure surveys, which can be mitigated by the confirmation or correction of pressure-derived fluid contacts via the well log interpretation results. Lastly, we identified a probable resistivity logs suppression effect related both to high contents of capillary-bound water and also to the limited resolution of electrical logging tools in the presence of sand-shale thin bedding or laminations.

Published
2021
Full Text
View/download PDF

23. The FRAM robotic telescope for atmospheric monitoring at the Pierre Auger Observatory

Author

Jose Chinellato, Ioana Caracas, Lorenzo Cazon, C. Pérez Bertolli, Ioana Codrina Maris, Marina Scornavacche, R. Ulrich, G. C. Hill, Jorge F. Soriano, Ralph Engel, M. Risse, H. J. Mathes, J. Ridky, Xavier Bertou, G. Marsella, David Wittkowski, G. Salina, Olivier Deligny, M. Unger, Tomáš Fodran, Alina Nasr-Esfahani, Stanislav Michal, Jonathan Blazek, Ugo Giaccari, J. Kleinfeller, K. Choi, Julien Manshanden, Andres Travaini, E. Varela, J.D. Sanabria Gomez, K.-H. Becker, M. Pimenta, P.R. Araújo Ferreira, Tobias Winchen, Denis Stanca, Florian Lukas Briechle, F. Canfora, G. Farrar, Antonio Condorelli, Carla Bleve, Rodrigo Guedes Lang, G. De Mauro, Silvia Mollerach, N. Fazzini, Jonas Glombitza, F. C. T. Barbato, P. Abreu, D. Ravignani, Alena Bakalova, G. Matthiae, Jaime Alvarez-Muñiz, J. Rodriguez Rojo, Fridtjof Feldbusch, Enrique Zas, Marvin Gottowik, Carlos Escobar, Kevin-Druis Merenda, R.J. Barreira Luz, G. P. Guedes, G. Parente, L. Zehrer, A. Puyleart, Corinne Berat, M. Giller, Jörg R. Hörandel, Paul Sommers, P. Kubánek, Flavia Gesualdi, Fernando Contreras, Alexandru Gherghel-Lascu, Belén Andrada, P. Tobiska, Antonio Bueno, Violet M. Harvey, D. Harari, J. Chudoba, Valerio Pirronello, Gualberto Avila, B. García, Lukáš Vaclavek, Toshihiro Fujii, Dariusz Gora, Eric Mayotte, A. Zepeda, R. López, G. Mancarella, Pedro Assis, H. Martinez, A. Etchegoyen, Matías J. Roncoroni, Martina Bohacova, A. Aab, J. Biteau, I. Lhenry-Yvon, Karen S. Caballero-Mora, A.L. Garcia Vegas, B. Keilhauer, J. de Oliveira, A.D. Supanitsky, M. Gómez Berisso, Jakub Juryšek, Alejandro Almela, R. C. Shellard, S. J. Sciutto, A. Di Matteo, Alan Coleman, S. J. Saffi, B. Wundheiler, Marcel Köpke, Martin Erdmann, J. de Jesús, Juan Miguel Carceller, C. J. Todero Peixoto, Alina Mihaela Badescu, Cristina Galea, John Farmer, Serguei Vorobiov, M. Platino, Maria Rita Coluccia, Carla Taricco, M. Prouza, G. Cataldi, A. Streich, Gioacchino Alex Anastasi, D. Nitz, Juan Pablo Gongora, F. Pedreira, M. I. Micheletti, F. Salamida, M. Wirtz, Petr Hamal, B. L. Lago, P. Ruehl, Fred Sarazin, Thomas Bretz, A. Taboada, V. Scherini, A. Yushkov, Roger W Clay, Clara Keiko Oliveira Watanabe, Matias Tueros, Raul Sarmento, D. Melo, Mario Buscemi, Thomas Hebbeker, Maria-Teresa Dova, Sergio Dasso, Tristan Sudholz, Martin Vacula, Felix Schlüter, Magdalena Cerdá, E.E. Pereira Martins, Steffen Hahn, Juan Carlos D'Olivo, K. H. Kampert, T. Pierog, Fabian Gobbi, Christian Sarmiento-Cano, Hernán Asorey, Martín Miguel Freire, P.F. Gómez Vitale, Heino Falcke, Maximilian Reininghaus, L. R. Wiencke, Niklas Langner, J. C. Arteaga Velázquez, Petr Janecek, Brian Fick, M. Suárez-Durán, J. Vicha, Corbin Covault, Darko Veberič, Matías Rolf Hampel, Esteban Roulet, Rúben Conceição, R. Sato, Paula Gina Isar, J. Rautenberg, D. Nosek, F. Riehn, L. Nožka, Lourenco Lopes, M. Roth, S. Karpov, J. Perez Armand, E. Santos, Jesús Peña-Rodríguez, Q. Luce, Gaia Silli, Dusan Mandat, Justin M. Albury, A. Filipčič, T. Huege, F. Sanchez, Maximilian Stadelmaier, Frank G. Schröder, Lino Miramonti, Luis A. Nunez, A. Gorgi, A. Insolia, M. Kleifges, D. Zavrtanik, J. F. Valdés Galicia, Marcio Aparecido Muller, M. Zavrtanik, Antoine Letessier-Selvon, A. Fuster, L. Valore, I. De Mitri, Jeffrey Brack, S. Petrera, Marc Weber, W. M. Namasaka, M. Mastrodicasa, D. de Oliveira Franco, K. C. V. Varma, E. De Vito, Olaf Scholten, Marcus Niechciol, Humberto Ibarguen Salazar, C. M. Schäfer, A. C. Rovero, Giovanni Consolati, R.C. dos Anjos, Adriana Vásquez-Ramírez, E. M. Santos, A. Weindl, Bjarni Pont, Alexandru Balaceanu, M. A. Leigui de Oliveira, Roberto Mussa, Lorenzo Caccianiga, G. Golup, M. Palatka, R. Alves Batista, Bruce R. Dawson, C. Trimarelli, N. Kunka, H. Wilczyński, Claudio Galelli, L. Lu, Juan Manuel González, Carla Aramo, Vincenzo Rizi, P.O. Mazur, Julien Souchard, V. Novotny, C. J.W.P. Timmermans, D. Lo Presti, Rossella Caruso, A. Lucero, Fernando Catalani, D. Martello, S. J. De Jong, A. Tapia, Petr Schovanek, O. Martínez Bravo, Piera Luisa Ghia, T. Bister, Jon Paul Lundquist, A. Menshikov, H. Gemmeke, David Schmidt, S. Schröder, Italo Epicoco, M. Schimassek, François Montanet, Miguel Mostafa, Julian Kemp, S. Querchfeld, Sullivan Marafico, Olena Tkachenko, C. Hojvat, Jan Ebr, Valerio Verzi, Eleonora Guido, L. Nellen, Jarryd A. Day, A. Saftoiu, Marco Giammarchi, J. Šupík, Carlo Ventura, Octavian Sima, M. Mašek, B. Tome, C. Morello, Luis A. Anchordoqui, Jacco Vink, Alex Kääpä, Philipp Papenbreer, Samo Stanič, H.O. Klages, Petr Travnicek, L. Bonneau Arbeletche, Trent D. Grubb, Ladislav Chytka, A.C. Cobos Cerutti, R. Cunniffe, N. González, J. R. T. de Mello Neto, Peter L. Biermann, Juan Manuel Figueira, Isabel Goos, Roberta Colalillo, A. G. Mariazzi, J. Stasielak, Kai Daumiller, H. Schieler, Paolo Privitera, A. A. Nucita, Antonella Castellina, D. Heck, M. del Río, I. Ebrová, Denise Boncioli, P. Savina, W. Rodrigues de Carvalho, M. Jelínek, Jeffrey A. Johnsen, Nataliia Borodai, A. Segreto, Vladimir Lenok, L. Perrone, J. Hulsman, Günter Sigl, R. Squartini, Alfred Müller, P. Stassi, Radomir Smida, A. Machado Payeras, J. Eliášek, G. Medina-Tanco, Srijan Sehgal, Miroslav Pech, M. Pothast, Fernando Gollan, F. de Palma, Pavel Horvath, V. de Souza, Sofia Andringa, M. Schimp, B. C. Manning, Ana Martina Botti, Francesco Fenu, Miroslav Hrabovský, A. Haungs, Josina Schulte, Peter Hansen, P. Mantsch, Z. Szadkowski, J. Pkala, F. Guarino, John Matthews, Peter Buchholz, Marco Aglietta, R. M. de Almeida, D. Correia dos Santos, Rodrigo Pelayo, Stijn Buitink, Katie Mulrey, Orazio Zapparrata, Carola Dobrigkeit, M. Muzio, M. E. Bertaina, Alan Watson, M. Perlin, Mihai Niculescu-Oglinzanu, T. Suomijärvi, J. Pallotta, A. C. Fauth, Carla Bonifazi, Jose A. Bellido, Fabio Convenga, I.D. Vergara Quispe, Hernan Wahlberg, A. Parra, M. Trini, P.G. Brichetto Orchera, I. Allekotte, High Energy Astrophys. & Astropart. Phys (API, FNWI), Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Institut de Physique Nucléaire d'Orsay (IPNO), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Énergies (LPNHE (UMR_7585)), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Pierre Auger, Aab, A., Abreu, P., Aglietta, M., Albury, J. M., Allekotte, I., Almela, A., Alvarez-Mu??iz, J., Alves Batista, R., Anastasi, G. A., Anchordoqui, L., Andrada, B., Andringa, S., Aramo, C., Ara??jo Ferreira, P. R., Arteaga Vel??zquez, J. C., Asorey, H., Assis, P., Avila, G., Badescu, A. M., Bakalova, A., Balaceanu, A., Barbato, F., Barreira Luz, R. J., Becker, K. H., Bellido, J. A., Berat, C., Bertaina, M. E., Bertou, X., Biermann, P. L., Bister, T., Biteau, J., Blazek, J., Bleve, C., Boh????ov??, M., Boncioli, D., Bonifazi, C., Bonneau Arbeletche, L., Borodai, N., Botti, A. M., Brack, J., Bretz, T., Brichetto Orchera, P. G., Briechle, F. L., Buchholz, P., Bueno, A., Buitink, S., Buscemi, M., Caballero-Mora, K. S., Caccianiga, L., Canfora, F., Caracas, I., Carceller, J. M., Caruso, R., Castellina, A., Catalani, F., Cataldi, G., Cazon, L., Cerda, M., Chinellato, J. A., Choi, K., Chudoba, J., Chytka, L., Clay, R. W., Cobos Cerutti, A. C., Colalillo, R., Coleman, A., Coluccia, M. R., Concei????o, R., Condorelli, A., Consolati, G., Contreras, F., Convenga, F., Correia dos Santos, D., Covault, C. E., Dasso, S., Daumiller, K., Dawson, B. R., Day, J. A., de Almeida, R. M., de Jes??s, J., de Jong, S. J., De Mauro, G., de Mello Neto, J. R. T., De Mitri, I., de Oliveira, J., de Oliveira Franco, D., de Palma, F., de Souza, V., De Vito, E., del R??o, M., Deligny, O., Di Matteo, A., Dobrigkeit, C., D'Olivo, J. C., dos Anjos, R. C., Dova, M. T., Ebr, J., Engel, R., Epicoco, I., Erdmann, M., Escobar, C. O., Etchegoyen, A., Falcke, H., Farmer, J., Farrar, G., Fauth, A. C., Fazzini, N., Feldbusch, F., Fenu, F., Fick, B., Figueira, J. M., Filip??i??, A., Fodran, T., Freire, M. M., Fujii, T., Fuster, A., Galea, C., Galelli, C., Garc??a, B., Garcia Vegas, A. L., Gemmeke, H., Gesualdi, F., Gherghel-Lascu, A., Ghia, P. L., Giaccari, U., Giammarchi, M., Giller, M., Glombitza, J., Gobbi, F., Gollan, F., Golup, G., G??mez Berisso, M., G??mez Vitale, P. F., Gongora, J. P., Gonz??lez, J. M., Gonz??lez, N., Goos, I., G??ra, D., Gorgi, A., Gottowik, M., Grubb, T. D., Guarino, F., Guedes, G. P., Guido, E., Hahn, S., Hamal, P., Hampel, M. R., Hansen, P., Harari, D., Harvey, V. M., Haungs, A., Hebbeker, T., Heck, D., Hill, G. C., Hojvat, C., H??randel, J. R., Horvath, P., Hrabovsk??, M., Huege, T., Hulsman, J., Insolia, A., Isar, P. G., Janecek, P., Johnsen, J. A., Jurysek, J., K????p??, A., Kampert, K. H., Keilhauer, B., Kemp, J., Klages, H. O., Kleifges, M., Kleinfeller, J., K??pke, M., Kunka, N., Lago, B. L., Lang, R. G., Langner, N., Leigui de Oliveira, M. A., Lenok, V., Letessier-Selvon, A., Lhenry-Yvon, I., Lo Presti, D., Lopes, L., L??pez, R., Lu, L., Luce, Q., Lucero, A., Lundquist, J. P., Machado Payeras, A., Mancarella, G., Mandat, D., Manning, B. C., Manshanden, J., Mantsch, P., Marafico, S., Mariazzi, A. G., Mari??, I. C., Marsella, G., Martello, D., Martinez, H., Mart??nez Bravo, O., Mastrodicasa, M., Mathes, H. J., Matthews, J., Matthiae, G., Mayotte, E., Mazur, P. O., Medina-Tanco, G., Melo, D., Menshikov, A., Merenda, K. -D., Michal, S., Micheletti, M. I., Miramonti, L., Mollerach, S., Montanet, F., Morello, C., Mostaf??, M., M??ller, A. L., Muller, M. A., Mulrey, K., Mussa, R., Muzio, M., Namasaka, W. M., Nasr-Esfahani, A., Nellen, L., Niculescu-Oglinzanu, M., Niechciol, M., Nitz, D., Nosek, D., Novotny, V., No??ka, L., Nucita, A., N????ez, L. A., Palatka, M., Pallotta, J., Papenbreer, P., Parente, G., Parra, A., Pech, M., Pedreira, F., P??kala, J., Pelayo, R., Pe??a-Rodriguez, J., Pereira Martins, E. E., Perez Armand, J., P??rez Bertolli, C., Perlin, M., Perrone, L., Petrera, S., Pierog, T., Pimenta, M., Pirronello, V., Platino, M., Pont, B., Pothast, M., Privitera, P., Prouza, M., Puyleart, A., Querchfeld, S., Rautenberg, J., Ravignani, D., Reininghaus, M., Ridky, J., Riehn, F., Risse, M., Rizi, V., Rodrigues de Carvalho, W., Rodriguez Rojo, J., Roncoroni, M. J., Roth, M., Roulet, E., Rovero, A. C., Ruehl, P., Saffi, S. J., Saftoiu, A., Salamida, F., Salazar, H., Salina, G., Sanabria Gomez, J. D., S??nchez, F., Santos, E. M., Santos, E., Sarazin, F., Sarmento, R., Sarmiento-Cano, C., Sato, R., Savina, P., Sch??fer, C. M., Scherini, V., Schieler, H., Schimassek, M., Schimp, M., Schl??ter, F., Schmidt, D., Scholten, O., Schov??nek, P., Schr??der, F. G., Schr??der, S., Schulte, J., Sciutto, S. J., Scornavacche, M., Segreto, A., Sehgal, S., Shellard, R. C., Sigl, G., Silli, G., Sima, O., m??da, R., Sommers, P., Soriano, J. F., Souchard, J., Squartini, R., Stadelmaier, M., Stanca, D., Stani??, S., Stasielak, J., Stassi, P., Streich, A., Su??rez-Dur??n, M., Sudholz, T., Suomij??rvi, T., Supanitsky, A. D., up??k, J., Szadkowski, Z., Taboada, A., Tapia, A., Taricco, C., Timmermans, C., Tkachenko, O., Tobiska, P., Todero Peixoto, C. J., Tom??, B., Travaini, A., Travnicek, P., Trimarelli, C., Trini, M., Tueros, M., Ulrich, R., Unger, M., Vaclavek, L., Vacula, M., Vald??s Galicia, J. F., Valore, L., Varela, E., Varma K. C., V., V??squez-Ram??rez, A., Veberi??, D., Ventura, C., Vergara Quispe, I. D., Verzi, V., Vicha, J., Vink, J., Vorobiov, S., Wahlberg, H., Watanabe, C., Watson, A. A., Weber, M., Weindl, A., Wiencke, L., Wilczy??ski, H., Winchen, T., Wirtz, M., Wittkowski, D., Wundheiler, B., Yushkov, A., Zapparrata, O., Zas, E., Zavrtanik, D., Zavrtanik, M., Zehrer, L., Zepeda, A., Cunniffe, R., Eli????ek, J., Ebrov??, I., Jel??nek, M., Karpov, S., Kub??nek, P., Ma??ek, M., Pierre Auger Collaboration, T., Alvarez-Muniz, J., Araujo Ferreira, P. R., Arteaga Velazquez, J. C., Bohacova, M., Conceicao, R., Correia Dos Santos, D., De Almeida, R. M., De Jesus, J., De Jong, S. J., De Mello Neto, J. R. T., De Oliveira, J., De Oliveira Franco, D., De Palma, F., De Souza, V., Del Rio, M., Dos Anjos, R. C., Filipcic, A., Garcia, B., Gomez Berisso, M., Gomez Vitale, P. F., Gonzalez, J. M., Gonzalez, N., Gora, D., Horandel, J. R., Hrabovsky, M., Kaapa, A., Kopke, M., Leigui De Oliveira, M. A., Lopez, R., Maris, I. C., Martinez Bravo, O., Mostafa, M., Muller, A. L., Nozka, L., Nunez, L. A., Pkala, J., Pena-Rodriguez, J., Perez Bertolli, C., Rodrigues De Carvalho, W., Sanchez, F., Schafer, C. M., Schluter, F., Schovanek, P., Schroder, F. G., Schroder, S., Smida, R., Stanic, S., Suarez-Duran, M., Suomijarvi, T., Supik, J., Tome, B., Valdes Galicia, J. F., Varma, K. C. V., Vasquez-Ramirez, A., Veberic, D., Wilczynski, H., Eliasek, J., Ebrova, I., Jelinek, M., Kubanek, P., Masek, M., Research unit Astroparticle Physics, Pierre Auger Collaboration T., Aab A., Abreu P., Aglietta M., Albury J.M., Allekotte I., Almela A., Alvarez-Muniz J., Alves Batista R., Anastasi G.A., Anchordoqui L., Andrada B., Andringa S., Aramo C., Araujo Ferreira P.R., Arteaga Velazquez J.C., Asorey H., Assis P., Avila G., Badescu A.M., Bakalova A., Balaceanu A., Barbato F., Barreira Luz R.J., Becker K.H., Bellido J.A., Berat C., Bertaina M.E., Bertou X., Biermann P.L., Bister T., Biteau J., Blazek J., Bleve C., Bohacova M., Boncioli D., Bonifazi C., Bonneau Arbeletche L., Borodai N., Botti A.M., Brack J., Bretz T., Brichetto Orchera P.G., Briechle F.L., Buchholz P., Bueno A., Buitink S., Buscemi M., Caballero-Mora K.S., Caccianiga L., Canfora F., Caracas I., Carceller J.M., Caruso R., Castellina A., Catalani F., Cataldi G., Cazon L., Cerda M., Chinellato J.A., Choi K., Chudoba J., Chytka L., Clay R.W., Cobos Cerutti A.C., Colalillo R., Coleman A., Coluccia M.R., Conceicao R., Condorelli A., Consolati G., Contreras F., Convenga F., Correia Dos Santos D., Covault C.E., Dasso S., Daumiller K., Dawson B.R., Day J.A., De Almeida R.M., De Jesus J., De Jong S.J., De Mauro G., De Mello Neto J.R.T., De Mitri I., De Oliveira J., De Oliveira Franco D., De Palma F., De Souza V., De Vito E., Del Rio M., Deligny O., Di Matteo A., Dobrigkeit C., D'Olivo J.C., Dos Anjos R.C., Dova M.T., Ebr J., Engel R., Epicoco I., Erdmann M., Escobar C.O., Etchegoyen A., Falcke H., Farmer J., Farrar G., Fauth A.C., Fazzini N., Feldbusch F., Fenu F., Fick B., Figueira J.M., Filipcic A., Fodran T., Freire M.M., Fujii T., Fuster A., Galea C., Galelli C., Garcia B., Garcia Vegas A.L., Gemmeke H., Gesualdi F., Gherghel-Lascu A., Ghia P.L., Giaccari U., Giammarchi M., Giller M., Glombitza J., Gobbi F., Gollan F., Golup G., Gomez Berisso M., Gomez Vitale P.F., Gongora J.P., Gonzalez J.M., Gonzalez N., Goos I., Gora D., Gorgi A., Gottowik M., Grubb T.D., Guarino F., Guedes G.P., Guido E., Hahn S., Hamal P., Hampel M.R., Hansen P., Harari D., Harvey V.M., Haungs A., Hebbeker T., Heck D., Hill G.C., Hojvat C., Horandel J.R., Horvath P., Hrabovsky M., Huege T., Hulsman J., Insolia A., Isar P.G., Janecek P., Johnsen J.A., Jurysek J., Kaapa A., Kampert K.H., Keilhauer B., Kemp J., Klages H.O., Kleifges M., Kleinfeller J., Kopke M., Kunka N., Lago B.L., Lang R.G., Langner N., Leigui De Oliveira M.A., Lenok V., Letessier-Selvon A., Lhenry-Yvon I., Lo Presti D., Lopes L., Lopez R., Lu L., Luce Q., Lucero A., Lundquist J.P., Machado Payeras A., Mancarella G., Mandat D., Manning B.C., Manshanden J., Mantsch P., Marafico S., Mariazzi A.G., Maris I.C., Marsella G., Martello D., Martinez H., Martinez Bravo O., Mastrodicasa M., Mathes H.J., Matthews J., Matthiae G., Mayotte E., Mazur P.O., Medina-Tanco G., Melo D., Menshikov A., Merenda K.-D., Michal S., Micheletti M.I., Miramonti L., Mollerach S., Montanet F., Morello C., Mostafa M., Muller A.L., Muller M.A., Mulrey K., Mussa R., Muzio M., Namasaka W.M., Nasr-Esfahani A., Nellen L., Niculescu-Oglinzanu M., Niechciol M., Nitz D., Nosek D., Novotny V., Nozka L., Nucita A., Nunez L.A., Palatka M., Pallotta J., Papenbreer P., Parente G., Parra A., Pech M., Pedreira F., Pkala J., Pelayo R., Pena-Rodriguez J., Pereira Martins E.E., Perez Armand J., Perez Bertolli C., Perlin M., Perrone L., Petrera S., Pierog T., Pimenta M., Pirronello V., Platino M., Pont B., Pothast M., Privitera P., Prouza M., Puyleart A., Querchfeld S., Rautenberg J., Ravignani D., Reininghaus M., Ridky J., Riehn F., Risse M., Rizi V., Rodrigues De Carvalho W., Rodriguez Rojo J., Roncoroni M.J., Roth M., Roulet E., Rovero A.C., Ruehl P., Saffi S.J., Saftoiu A., Salamida F., Salazar H., Salina G., Sanabria Gomez J.D., Sanchez F., Santos E.M., Santos E., Sarazin F., Sarmento R., Sarmiento-Cano C., Sato R., Savina P., Schafer C.M., Scherini V., Schieler H., Schimassek M., Schimp M., Schluter F., Schmidt D., Scholten O., Schovanek P., Schroder F.G., Schroder S., Schulte J., Sciutto S.J., Scornavacche M., Segreto A., Sehgal S., Shellard R.C., Sigl G., Silli G., Sima O., Smida R., Sommers P., Soriano J.F., Souchard J., Squartini R., Stadelmaier M., Stanca D., Stanic S., Stasielak J., Stassi P., Streich A., Suarez-Duran M., Sudholz T., Suomijarvi T., Supanitsky A.D., Supik J., Szadkowski Z., Taboada A., Tapia A., Taricco C., Timmermans C., Tkachenko O., Tobiska P., Todero Peixoto C.J., Tome B., Travaini A., Travnicek P., Trimarelli C., Trini M., Tueros M., Ulrich R., Unger M., Vaclavek L., Vacula M., Valdes Galicia J.F., Valore L., Varela E., Varma K.C.V., Vasquez-Ramirez A., Veberic D., Ventura C., Vergara Quispe I.D., Verzi V., Vicha J., Vink J., Vorobiov S., Wahlberg H., Watanabe C., Watson A.A., Weber M., Weindl A., Wiencke L., Wilczynski H., Winchen T., Wirtz M., Wittkowski D., Wundheiler B., Yushkov A., Zapparrata O., Zas E., Zavrtanik D., Zavrtanik M., Zehrer L., Zepeda A., Cunniffe R., Eliasek J., Ebrova I., Jelinek M., Karpov S., Kubanek P., Masek M., and Physics

Subjects
Astronomy, Large detector systems for particle and astroparticle physics, Optics, Photon detectors for UV, visible and IR photons (solid-state) (PIN diodes, APDs, Si-PMTs, G-APDs, CCDs, EBCCDs, EMCCDs, CMOS imagers, etc), Real-time monitoring, 01 natural sciences, Auger, Successful operation, Observatory, optical, APDs, hardware, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Instrumentation, Photon detectors for UV, Mathematical Physics, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), astro-ph.HE, EBCCDs, Settore FIS/01 - Fisica Sperimentale, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Si-PMTs, observatory, Robotic telescope, G-APDs, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Sciences exactes et naturelles, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, programming, detector: fluorescence, Photometry (optics), 0103 physical sciences, ddc:610, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], High Energy Physics, visible and IR photons (solid-state) (PIN diodes, CMOS imagers, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Remote sensing, etc), fluorescence [detector], Pierre Auger Observatory, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Active monitoring, CCDs, laser, monitoring, EMCCDs, Large detector systems for particle and astroparticle physic, atmosphere, Experimental High Energy Physics, Optic, Environmental science, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], RAIOS CÓSMICOS, astro-ph.IM
Abstract

FRAM (F/Photometric Robotic Atmospheric Monitor) is a robotic telescope operated at the Pierre Auger Observatory in Argentina for the purposes of atmospheric monitoring using stellar photometry. As a passive system which does not produce any light that could interfere with the observations of the fluorescence telescopes of the observatory, it complements the active monitoring systems that use lasers. We discuss the applications of stellar photometry for atmospheric monitoring at optical observatories in general and the particular modes of operation employed by the Auger FRAM. We describe in detail the technical aspects of FRAM, the hardware and software requirements for a successful operation of a robotic telescope for such a purpose and their implementation within the FRAM system., Published version, 27 pages, 8 figures

Published
2021

24. Using Vertical Electrical Soundings to characterize seawater intrusions in the southern area of Romanian Black Sea coastline

Author

Bogdan Mihai Niculescu and Gina Andrei

Subjects
geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Seawater intrusion, Apparent resistivity, Aquifer, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, Vertical electrical sounding, Geophysics, Seawater, Black sea, Structural geology, Geomorphology, Geology, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Water well
Abstract

Seawater intrusions are a major environmental hazard for coastal freshwater aquifers. They are generated mainly by the uncontrolled exploitation of freshwater in pumping stations, if the aquifers are in hydraulic connection with the sea. In Romania, such marine intrusions have occurred in the southern part of Black Sea’s coastline, in Costinești and Vama Veche resorts, contaminating the main aquifers hosted in Sarmatian (late Middle Miocene) limestones, at distances ranging from hundreds of meters to over 2 km inland. For the study of these salinization phenomena, Vertical Electrical Sounding (VES) surveys were performed in the affected areas. These surveys allowed the delineation and spatial–temporal monitoring of the intrusions and offered information related to faults that may have provided pathways for seawater migration toward the exploitation wells. The 1D interpretation of VES apparent resistivity data was performed via a set of novel software applications. The forward modeling component of the applications uses digital linear filtering and allows the simulation of theoretical VES responses for horizontally-layered geological media with virtually unlimited number of layers. The pseudo-inversion component of the applications is based on a random sampling of the parameters space of the geoelectrical models. The interpretation of VES surveys recorded in Vama Veche area by using the elaborated software indicates that the seawater intrusion occurs at more than 40 m depth. This agrees with a well flow test which produced saltwater at 40–60 m depth in that area.

Published
2019

25. Should I Choose This Salesperson? Buyer’s Emergent Preference in Seller from Mere Exposure

Author

Vijaykumar Krishnan, Elisa Fredericks, and Mihai Niculescu

Subjects
Marketing, 0502 economics and business, 05 social sciences, 050211 marketing, Psychology, Social psychology, 050203 business & management, Preference
Abstract

Thin slices of observations based on first impressions anchor preference in the salesperson—the rudimentary belief in a first encounter that the target is consideration-worthy. The authors posit th...

Published
2019

26. Processing fluency scale development for consumer research

Author

James M. Leonhardt, Alena Kostyk, and Mihai Niculescu

Subjects
Marketing, Economics and Econometrics, Computer science, 05 social sciences, Information processing, Scale development, Consumer research, 050105 experimental psychology, 0502 economics and business, 050211 marketing, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, Business and International Management, Construct (philosophy), Consumer behaviour, Processing fluency, Cognitive psychology
Abstract

Processing fluency or the subjective experience of ease that consumers can experience when processing information is a prominent construct in consumer research. Despite its prevalence, however, its measurement has been inconsistent. The present research addresses this methodological gap in literature by developing and testing a scale for assessing the subjective experience of processing fluency. This scale demonstrates strong evidence of convergent and discriminant validity, reliability, and nomological validity across different processing fluency manipulations and marketing contexts. Use of this scale will allow marketing practitioners and academicians to consistently measure a psychological state that is known to have ubiquitous effects on downstream consumer outcomes including trust, attitude, and choice. Researchers can administer this four-item scale by having participants indicate their agreement (1 = strongly disagree, 7 = strongly agree) on whether a given marketing communication (e.g., ad copy) is (a) difficult to process, (b) difficult to read, (c) takes a long time to process, and (d) difficult to understand.

Published
2021

27. Measurement of the Fluctuations in the Number of Muons in Extensive Air Showers with the Pierre Auger Observatory

Author

H. J. Mathes, Stanislav Michal, Miroslav Pech, Antonio Condorelli, M. Pothast, Pavel Horvath, A.L. Garcia Vegas, W. M. Namasaka, A. C. Rovero, M. Risse, J. Rodriguez Rojo, Fridtjof Feldbusch, B. Andrada, Alexandru Balaceanu, Jonathan Blazek, Carla Aramo, Vincenzo Rizi, J. F. Valdés Galicia, Julien Souchard, Sofia Andringa, Enrique Zas, Magdalena Cerdá, Hernán Asorey, I. De Mitri, D. Martello, David Wittkowski, O. Martínez Bravo, K. Mulrey, P. Abreu, D. Ravignani, G. Salina, Danielle LaHurd, Olivier Deligny, Marcel Köpke, M. Platino, Fernando Contreras, A. Tapia, H. Gemmeke, G. Parente, Fabrizia Canfora, L. Zehrer, L. Lopes, Tomáš Fodran, Jaime Alvarez-Muñiz, Alexandru Gherghel-Lascu, M. A. Leigui de Oliveira, Flavia Gesualdi, G. Kukec Mezek, G. Marsella, Valerio Pirronello, R. Lorek, G. De Mauro, M. Unger, Ugo Giaccari, Silvia Mollerach, H. Dembinski, N. Fazzini, Jonas Glombitza, F. C. T. Barbato, Dariusz Gora, M. E. Bertaina, Jon Paul Lundquist, A. Menshikov, K.-H. Becker, M. Pimenta, P.R. Araújo Ferreira, J. de Oliveira, Alejandro Almela, C. J. Todero Peixoto, M. Zavrtanik, Lukáš Vaclavek, W. Rodrigues de Carvalho, Jörg R. Hörandel, B. Keilhauer, Marcus Niechciol, A. C. Fauth, Teresa Bister, J. Chudoba, Alan Coleman, B. Tome, Josina Schulte, S. J. Saffi, Tobias Winchen, Julian Kemp, S. J. Sciutto, Carla Bleve, Rodrigo Guedes Lang, Florian Lukas Briechle, Peter Hansen, Lorenzo Caccianiga, Marvin Gottowik, Julien Manshanden, G. Cataldi, E. De Vito, F. Guarino, John Matthews, I. Lhenry-Yvon, Nataliia Borodai, V. Scherini, Paul Sommers, Peter Buchholz, Andres Travaini, Giovanni Consolati, E. Varela, J.D. Sanabria Gomez, Juan Miguel Carceller, Christian Sarmiento-Cano, R. M. de Almeida, P. Tobiska, Alex Kääpä, F. Pedreira, Carla Bonifazi, D. Lo Presti, Jose A. Bellido, S. J. De Jong, Marco Aglietta, Vladimir Lenok, Eric Mayotte, Raul Sarmento, Fabio Convenga, M. M. Freire, Felix Schlüter, H. Wilczyński, Jeffrey A. Johnsen, Fabian Gobbi, Jose Chinellato, F. Sánchez, Serguei Vorobiov, L. Perrone, Alena Bakalova, E. M. Santos, D. Nitz, R. Squartini, Alfred Müller, Petr Schovanek, Valerio Verzi, A. Fuster, G. Golup, M. Gómez Berisso, R. C. Shellard, Octavian Sima, Jarryd A. Day, A. Saftoiu, A.C. Cobos Cerutti, J. R. T. de Mello Neto, G. Torralba Elipe, R. Alves Batista, Bruce R. Dawson, G. Matthiae, Jesús Peña-Rodríguez, Antonio Bueno, Thomas Hebbeker, Sergio Dasso, Tristan Sudholz, H. Schieler, Antonella Castellina, Maria Rita Coluccia, A. Di Matteo, M. Schimp, B. Wundheiler, B. C. Manning, A. Insolia, M. Kleifges, D. Zavrtanik, A.D. Supanitsky, Fred Sarazin, J. Pȩkala, Ioana Caracas, A. Letessier-Selvon, B. García, R. López, Karen S. Caballero-Mora, P.O. Mazur, Thomas Bretz, Lorenzo Cazon, Darko Veberič, Mario Buscemi, Roberto Mussa, T. Huege, I.D. Vergara Quispe, G. Medina-Tanco, R. Halliday, L. Valore, J. Rautenberg, Jeffrey Brack, Günter Sigl, Olaf Scholten, F. Riehn, Marina Scornavacche, Corbin Covault, Jonathan Biteau, Francesco Fenu, Xavier Bertou, Humberto Ibarguen Salazar, L. R. Wiencke, Rodrigo Pelayo, Stijn Buitink, Niklas Langner, S. Querchfeld, Olena Tkachenko, J. Šupík, Carlo Ventura, Gualberto Avila, Q. Luce, M. Suárez-Durán, Maximilian Reininghaus, A. Zepeda, Brian Fick, Nicolás González, P. Stassi, Ladislav Chytka, Lino Miramonti, Ioana Codrina Maris, Pedro Assis, François Montanet, Radomir Smida, A. Machado Payeras, Martin Erdmann, J. de Jesús, H. Martinez, A. Etchegoyen, Maximilian Stadelmaier, Sullivan Marafico, Miguel Mostafa, P. Ruehl, D. de Oliveira Franco, A. Streich, Gioacchino Alex Anastasi, Dusan Mandat, J. Stasielak, J. Hulsman, J. Kleinfeller, G. C. Hill, Marco Giammarchi, M. Wirtz, Frank G. Schröder, Eleonora Guido, Roger W Clay, Jorge F. Soriano, Ralph Engel, Denis Stanca, C. M. Schäfer, Fernando Gollan, Massimo Mastrodicasa, Hernan Wahlberg, L. Nellen, Carlos Escobar, Kevin-Druis Merenda, Samo Stanič, K. H. Kampert, J. Ridky, R.J. Barreira Luz, Martin Vacula, John Farmer, C. Morello, Heino Falcke, A. Puyleart, V. de Souza, R. Conceição, Miroslav Hrabovský, Corinne Berat, M. Giller, Isabel Goos, Luis A. Anchordoqui, A. Parra, J. Perez Armand, Kai Daumiller, D. Heck, Maria-Teresa Dova, M. R. Hampel, J. Vicha, A. Haungs, L. Bonneau Arbeletche, Peter L. Biermann, Philipp Papenbreer, M. Schimassek, M. del Río, C. Hojvat, Petr Travnicek, Jan Ebr, Claudio Galelli, Denise Boncioli, Trent D. Grubb, Paolo Privitera, P. Ristori, Jacco Vink, M. Trini, H.O. Klages, M. A. Muller, Markus Roth, Juan Manuel Figueira, Roberta Colalillo, A. G. Mariazzi, P. Savina, A. Aab, A. A. Nucita, Ralf Ulrich, Martina Bohacova, M. I. Micheletti, B. L. Lago, R.C. dos Anjos, Adriana Vásquez-Ramírez, Giovanni Mancarella, Juan Pablo Gongora, M. Palatka, P. Mantsch, A. Cancio, Z. Szadkowski, Matias Tueros, Luis A. Nunez, Paula Gina Isar, F. Salamida, V. Novotny, I. Allekotte, M. J. Roncoroni, Rossella Caruso, A. Lucero, Fernando Catalani, T. Suomijärvi, Caterina Trimarelli, A. Yushkov, D. Melo, D. Nosek, E. Santos, R. Sato, J. Pallotta, A. M. Botti, Niraj Dhital, I. Valiño, G. P. Guedes, Alessio Gorgi, A. Weindl, L. Nožka, Toshihiro Fujii, Orazio Zapparrata, Jakub Juryšek, J. Debatin, Carola Dobrigkeit, M. Muzio, Steffen Hahn, Juan Carlos D'Olivo, T. Pierog, Esteban Roulet, Justin M. Albury, Alan Watson, David Schmidt, S. Schröder, Italo Epicoco, M. Perlin, Mihai Niculescu-Oglinzanu, Piera Luisa Ghia, G. Farrar, A. Taboada, P.F. Gómez Vitale, Violet M. Harvey, D. Harari, Alina Mihaela Badescu, Cristina Galea, M. Prouza, Gaia Silli, A. Filipčič, S. Petrera, Marc Weber, Bjarni Pont, C. J.W.P. Timmermans, K. Choi, Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Institut de Physique Nucléaire d'Orsay (IPNO), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Énergies (LPNHE (UMR_7585)), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Pierre Auger, Aab, A, Abreu, P, Aglietta, M, Albury, J M, Allekotte, I, Almela, A, Alvarez-Muñiz, J, Alves Batista, R, Anastasi, G A, Anchordoqui, L, Andrada, B, Andringa, S, Aramo, C, Araújo Ferreira, P R, Asorey, H, Assis, P, Avila, G, Badescu, A M, Bakalova, A, Balaceanu, A, Barbato, F, Barreira Luz, R J, Becker, K H, Bellido, J A, Berat, C, Bertaina, M E, Bertou, X, Biermann, P L, Bister, T, Biteau, J, Blazek, J, Bleve, C, Boháčová, M, Boncioli, D, Bonifazi, C, Bonneau Arbeletche, L, Borodai, N, Botti, A M, Brack, J, Bretz, T, Briechle, F L, Buchholz, P, Bueno, A, Buitink, S, Buscemi, M, Caballero-Mora, K S, Caccianiga, L, Cancio, A, Canfora, F, Caracas, I, Carceller, J M, Caruso, R, Castellina, A, Catalani, F, Cataldi, G, Cazon, L, Cerda, M, Chinellato, J A, Choi, K, Chudoba, J, Chytka, L, Clay, R W, Cobos Cerutti, A C, Colalillo, R, Coleman, A, Coluccia, M R, Conceição, R, Condorelli, A, Consolati, G, Contreras, F, Convenga, F, Covault, C E, Dasso, S, Daumiller, K, Dawson, B R, Day, J A, de Almeida, R M, de Jesús, J, de Jong, S J, De Mauro, G, de Mello Neto, J R T, De Mitri, I, de Oliveira, J, de Oliveira Franco, D, de Souza, V, De Vito, E, Debatin, J, Del Río, M, Deligny, O, Dembinski, H, Dhital, N, Di Matteo, A, Dobrigkeit, C, D'Olivo, J C, Dos Anjos, R C, Dova, M T, Ebr, J, Engel, R, Epicoco, I, Erdmann, M, Escobar, C O, Etchegoyen, A, Falcke, H, Farmer, J, Farrar, G, Fauth, A C, Fazzini, N, Feldbusch, F, Fenu, F, Fick, B, Figueira, J M, Filipčič, A, Fodran, T, Freire, M M, Fujii, T, Fuster, A, Galea, C, Galelli, C, García, B, Garcia Vegas, A L, Gemmeke, H, Gesualdi, F, Gherghel-Lascu, A, Ghia, P L, Giaccari, U, Giammarchi, M, Giller, M, Glombitza, J, Gobbi, F, Gollan, F, Golup, G, Gómez Berisso, M, Gómez Vitale, P F, Gongora, J P, González, N, Goos, I, Góra, D, Gorgi, A, Gottowik, M, Grubb, T D, Guarino, F, Guedes, G P, Guido, E, Hahn, S, Halliday, R, Hampel, M R, Hansen, P, Harari, D, Harvey, V M, Haungs, A, Hebbeker, T, Heck, D, Hill, G C, Hojvat, C, Hörandel, J R, Horvath, P, Hrabovský, M, Huege, T, Hulsman, J, Insolia, A, Isar, P G, Johnsen, J A, Jurysek, J, Kääpä, A, Kampert, K H, Keilhauer, B, Kemp, J, Klages, H O, Kleifges, M, Kleinfeller, J, Köpke, M, Kukec Mezek, G, Lago, B L, Lahurd, D, Lang, R G, Langner, N, Leigui de Oliveira, M A, Lenok, V, Letessier-Selvon, A, Lhenry-Yvon, I, Lo Presti, D, Lopes, L, López, R, Lorek, R, Luce, Q, Lucero, A, Lundquist, J P, Machado Payeras, A, Mancarella, G, Mandat, D, Manning, B C, Manshanden, J, Mantsch, P, Marafico, S, Mariazzi, A G, Mariş, I C, Marsella, G, Martello, D, Martinez, H, Martínez Bravo, O, Mastrodicasa, M, Mathes, H J, Matthews, J, Matthiae, G, Mayotte, E, Mazur, P O, Medina-Tanco, G, Melo, D, Menshikov, A, Merenda, K-D, Michal, S, Micheletti, M I, Miramonti, L, Mollerach, S, Montanet, F, Morello, C, Mostafá, M, Müller, A L, Muller, M A, Mulrey, K, Mussa, R, Muzio, M, Namasaka, W M, Nellen, L, Niculescu-Oglinzanu, M, Niechciol, M, Nitz, D, Nosek, D, Novotny, V, Nožka, L, Nucita, A, Núñez, L A, Palatka, M, Pallotta, J, Papenbreer, P, Parente, G, Parra, A, Pech, M, Pedreira, F, Pȩkala, J, Pelayo, R, Peña-Rodriguez, J, Perez Armand, J, Perlin, M, Perrone, L, Petrera, S, Pierog, T, Pimenta, M, Pirronello, V, Platino, M, Pont, B, Pothast, M, Privitera, P, Prouza, M, Puyleart, A, Querchfeld, S, Rautenberg, J, Ravignani, D, Reininghaus, M, Ridky, J, Riehn, F, Risse, M, Ristori, P, Rizi, V, Rodrigues de Carvalho, W, Rodriguez Rojo, J, Roncoroni, M J, Roth, M, Roulet, E, Rovero, A C, Ruehl, P, Saffi, S J, Saftoiu, A, Salamida, F, Salazar, H, Salina, G, Sanabria Gomez, J D, Sánchez, F, Santos, E M, Santos, E, Sarazin, F, Sarmento, R, Sarmiento-Cano, C, Sato, R, Savina, P, Schäfer, C M, Scherini, V, Schieler, H, Schimassek, M, Schimp, M, Schlüter, F, Schmidt, D, Scholten, O, Schovánek, P, Schröder, F G, Schröder, S, Schulte, J, Sciutto, S J, Scornavacche, M, Shellard, R C, Sigl, G, Silli, G, Sima, O, Šmída, R, Sommers, P, Soriano, J F, Souchard, J, Squartini, R, Stadelmaier, M, Stanca, D, Stanič, S, Stasielak, J, Stassi, P, Streich, A, Suárez-Durán, M, Sudholz, T, Suomijärvi, T, Supanitsky, A D, Šupík, J, Szadkowski, Z, Taboada, A, Tapia, A, Timmermans, C, Tkachenko, O, Tobiska, P, Todero Peixoto, C J, Tomé, B, Torralba Elipe, G, Travaini, A, Travnicek, P, Trimarelli, C, Trini, M, Tueros, M, Ulrich, R, Unger, M, Vaclavek, L, Vacula, M, Valdés Galicia, J F, Valiño, I, Valore, L, Varela, E, Varma K C, V, Vásquez-Ramírez, A, Veberič, D, Ventura, C, Vergara Quispe, I D, Verzi, V, Vicha, J, Vink, J, Vorobiov, S, Wahlberg, H, Watson, A A, Weber, M, Weindl, A, Wiencke, L, Wilczyński, H, Winchen, T, Wirtz, M, Wittkowski, D, Wundheiler, B, Yushkov, A, Zapparrata, O, Zas, E, Zavrtanik, D, Zavrtanik, M, Zehrer, L, Zepeda, A, High Energy Astrophys. & Astropart. Phys (API, FNWI), Gravitation and Astroparticle Physics Amsterdam, Physics, Aab, A., Abreu, P., Aglietta, M., Albury, J. M., Allekotte, I., Almela, A., Alvarez-Muniz, J., Alves Batista, R., Anastasi, G. A., Anchordoqui, L., Andrada, B., Andringa, S., Aramo, C., Araujo Ferreira, P. R., Asorey, H., Assis, P., Avila, G., Badescu, A. M., Bakalova, A., Balaceanu, A., Barbato, F., Barreira Luz, R. J., Becker, K. H., Bellido, J. A., Berat, C., Bertaina, M. E., Bertou, X., Biermann, P. L., Bister, T., Biteau, J., Blazek, J., Bleve, C., Bohacova, M., Boncioli, D., Bonifazi, C., Bonneau Arbeletche, L., Borodai, N., Botti, A. M., Brack, J., Bretz, T., Briechle, F. L., Buchholz, P., Bueno, A., Buitink, S., Buscemi, M., Caballero-Mora, K. S., Caccianiga, L., Cancio, A., Canfora, F., Caracas, I., Carceller, J. M., Caruso, R., Castellina, A., Catalani, F., Cataldi, G., Cazon, L., Cerda, M., Chinellato, J. A., Choi, K., Chudoba, J., Chytka, L., Clay, R. W., Cobos Cerutti, A. C., Colalillo, R., Coleman, A., Coluccia, M. R., Conceicao, R., Condorelli, A., Consolati, G., Contreras, F., Convenga, F., Covault, C. E., Dasso, S., Daumiller, K., Dawson, B. R., Day, J. A., De Almeida, R. M., De Jesus, J., De Jong, S. J., De Mauro, G., De Mello Neto, J. R. T., De Mitri, I., De Oliveira, J., De Oliveira Franco, D., De Souza, V., De Vito, E., Debatin, J., Del Rio, M., Deligny, O., Dembinski, H., Dhital, N., Di Matteo, A., Dobrigkeit, C., D'Olivo, J. C., Dos Anjos, R. C., Dova, M. T., Ebr, J., Engel, R., Epicoco, I., Erdmann, M., Escobar, C. O., Etchegoyen, A., Falcke, H., Farmer, J., Farrar, G., Fauth, A. C., Fazzini, N., Feldbusch, F., Fenu, F., Fick, B., Figueira, J. M., Filipcic, A., Fodran, T., Freire, M. M., Fujii, T., Fuster, A., Galea, C., Galelli, C., Garcia, B., Garcia Vegas, A. L., Gemmeke, H., Gesualdi, F., Gherghel-Lascu, A., Ghia, P. L., Giaccari, U., Giammarchi, M., Giller, M., Glombitza, J., Gobbi, F., Gollan, F., Golup, G., Gomez Berisso, M., Gomez Vitale, P. F., Gongora, J. P., Gonzalez, N., Goos, I., Gora, D., Gorgi, A., Gottowik, M., Grubb, T. D., Guarino, F., Guedes, G. P., Guido, E., Hahn, S., Halliday, R., Hampel, M. R., Hansen, P., Harari, D., Harvey, V. M., Haungs, A., Hebbeker, T., Heck, D., Hill, G. C., Hojvat, C., Horandel, J. R., Horvath, P., Hrabovsky, M., Huege, T., Hulsman, J., Insolia, A., Isar, P. G., Johnsen, J. A., Jurysek, J., Kaapa, A., Kampert, K. H., Keilhauer, B., Kemp, J., Klages, H. O., Kleifges, M., Kleinfeller, J., Kopke, M., Kukec Mezek, G., Lago, B. L., Lahurd, D., Lang, R. G., Langner, N., Leigui De Oliveira, M. A., Lenok, V., Letessier-Selvon, A., Lhenry-Yvon, I., Lo Presti, D., Lopes, L., Lopez, R., Lorek, R., Luce, Q., Lucero, A., Lundquist, J. P., Machado Payeras, A., Mancarella, G., Mandat, D., Manning, B. C., Manshanden, J., Mantsch, P., Marafico, S., Mariazzi, A. G., Maris, I. C., Marsella, G., Martello, D., Martinez, H., Martinez Bravo, O., Mastrodicasa, M., Mathes, H. J., Matthews, J., Matthiae, G., Mayotte, E., Mazur, P. O., Medina-Tanco, G., Melo, D., Menshikov, A., Merenda, K. -D., Michal, S., Micheletti, M. I., Miramonti, L., Mollerach, S., Montanet, F., Morello, C., Mostafa, M., Muller, A. L., Muller, M. A., Mulrey, K., Mussa, R., Muzio, M., Namasaka, W. M., Nellen, L., Niculescu-Oglinzanu, M., Niechciol, M., Nitz, D., Nosek, D., Novotny, V., Nozka, L., Nucita, A., Nunez, L. A., Palatka, M., Pallotta, J., Papenbreer, P., Parente, G., Parra, A., Pech, M., Pedreira, F., Pkala, J., Pelayo, R., Pena-Rodriguez, J., Perez Armand, J., Perlin, M., Perrone, L., Petrera, S., Pierog, T., Pimenta, M., Pirronello, V., Platino, M., Pont, B., Pothast, M., Privitera, P., Prouza, M., Puyleart, A., Querchfeld, S., Rautenberg, J., Ravignani, D., Reininghaus, M., Ridky, J., Riehn, F., Risse, M., Ristori, P., Rizi, V., Rodrigues De Carvalho, W., Rodriguez Rojo, J., Roncoroni, M. J., Roth, M., Roulet, E., Rovero, A. C., Ruehl, P., Saffi, S. J., Saftoiu, A., Salamida, F., Salazar, H., Salina, G., Sanabria Gomez, J. D., Sanchez, F., Santos, E. M., Santos, E., Sarazin, F., Sarmento, R., Sarmiento-Cano, C., Sato, R., Savina, P., Schafer, C. M., Scherini, V., Schieler, H., Schimassek, M., Schimp, M., Schluter, F., Schmidt, D., Scholten, O., Schovanek, P., Schroder, F. G., Schroder, S., Schulte, J., Sciutto, S. J., Scornavacche, M., Shellard, R. C., Sigl, G., Silli, G., Sima, O., Smida, R., Sommers, P., Soriano, J. F., Souchard, J., Squartini, R., Stadelmaier, M., Stanca, D., Stanic, S., Stasielak, J., Stassi, P., Streich, A., Suarez-Duran, M., Sudholz, T., Suomijarvi, T., Supanitsky, A. D., Supik, J., Szadkowski, Z., Taboada, A., Tapia, A., Timmermans, C., Tkachenko, O., Tobiska, P., Todero Peixoto, C. J., Tome, B., Torralba Elipe, G., Travaini, A., Travnicek, P., Trimarelli, C., Trini, M., Tueros, M., Ulrich, R., Unger, M., Vaclavek, L., Vacula, M., Valdes Galicia, J. F., Valino, I., Valore, L., Varela, E., Varma, K. C. V., Vasquez-Ramirez, A., Veberic, D., Ventura, C., Vergara Quispe, I. D., Verzi, V., Vicha, J., Vink, J., Vorobiov, S., Wahlberg, H., Watson, A. A., Weber, M., Weindl, A., Wiencke, L., Wilczynski, H., Winchen, T., Wirtz, M., Wittkowski, D., Wundheiler, B., Yushkov, A., Zapparrata, O., Zas, E., Zavrtanik, D., Zavrtanik, M., Zehrer, L., Zepeda, A., Astronomy, Aab A., Abreu P., Aglietta M., Albury J.M., Allekotte I., Almela A., Alvarez-Muniz J., Alves Batista R., Anastasi G.A., Anchordoqui L., Andrada B., Andringa S., Aramo C., Araujo Ferreira P.R., Asorey H., Assis P., Avila G., Badescu A.M., Bakalova A., Balaceanu A., Barbato F., Barreira Luz R.J., Becker K.H., Bellido J.A., Berat C., Bertaina M.E., Bertou X., Biermann P.L., Bister T., Biteau J., Blazek J., Bleve C., Bohacova M., Boncioli D., Bonifazi C., Bonneau Arbeletche L., Borodai N., Botti A.M., Brack J., Bretz T., Briechle F.L., Buchholz P., Bueno A., Buitink S., Buscemi M., Caballero-Mora K.S., Caccianiga L., Cancio A., Canfora F., Caracas I., Carceller J.M., Caruso R., Castellina A., Catalani F., Cataldi G., Cazon L., Cerda M., Chinellato J.A., Choi K., Chudoba J., Chytka L., Clay R.W., Cobos Cerutti A.C., Colalillo R., Coleman A., Coluccia M.R., Conceicao R., Condorelli A., Consolati G., Contreras F., Convenga F., Covault C.E., Dasso S., Daumiller K., Dawson B.R., Day J.A., De Almeida R.M., De Jesus J., De Jong S.J., De Mauro G., De Mello Neto J.R.T., De Mitri I., De Oliveira J., De Oliveira Franco D., De Souza V., De Vito E., Debatin J., Del Rio M., Deligny O., Dembinski H., Dhital N., Di Matteo A., Dobrigkeit C., D'Olivo J.C., Dos Anjos R.C., Dova M.T., Ebr J., Engel R., Epicoco I., Erdmann M., Escobar C.O., Etchegoyen A., Falcke H., Farmer J., Farrar G., Fauth A.C., Fazzini N., Feldbusch F., Fenu F., Fick B., Figueira J.M., Filipcic A., Fodran T., Freire M.M., Fujii T., Fuster A., Galea C., Galelli C., Garcia B., Garcia Vegas A.L., Gemmeke H., Gesualdi F., Gherghel-Lascu A., Ghia P.L., Giaccari U., Giammarchi M., Giller M., Glombitza J., Gobbi F., Gollan F., Golup G., Gomez Berisso M., Gomez Vitale P.F., Gongora J.P., Gonzalez N., Goos I., Gora D., Gorgi A., Gottowik M., Grubb T.D., Guarino F., Guedes G.P., Guido E., Hahn S., Halliday R., Hampel M.R., Hansen P., Harari D., Harvey V.M., Haungs A., Hebbeker T., Heck D., Hill G.C., Hojvat C., Horandel J.R., Horvath P., Hrabovsky M., Huege T., Hulsman J., Insolia A., Isar P.G., Johnsen J.A., Jurysek J., Kaapa A., Kampert K.H., Keilhauer B., Kemp J., Klages H.O., Kleifges M., Kleinfeller J., Kopke M., Kukec Mezek G., Lago B.L., Lahurd D., Lang R.G., Langner N., Leigui De Oliveira M.A., Lenok V., Letessier-Selvon A., Lhenry-Yvon I., Lo Presti D., Lopes L., Lopez R., Lorek R., Luce Q., Lucero A., Lundquist J.P., Machado Payeras A., Mancarella G., Mandat D., Manning B.C., Manshanden J., Mantsch P., Marafico S., Mariazzi A.G., Maris I.C., Marsella G., Martello D., Martinez H., Martinez Bravo O., Mastrodicasa M., Mathes H.J., Matthews J., Matthiae G., Mayotte E., Mazur P.O., Medina-Tanco G., Melo D., Menshikov A., Merenda K.-D., Michal S., Micheletti M.I., Miramonti L., Mollerach S., Montanet F., Morello C., Mostafa M., Muller A.L., Muller M.A., Mulrey K., Mussa R., Muzio M., Namasaka W.M., Nellen L., Niculescu-Oglinzanu M., Niechciol M., Nitz D., Nosek D., Novotny V., NoZka L., Nucita A., Nunez L.A., Palatka M., Pallotta J., Papenbreer P., Parente G., Parra A., Pech M., Pedreira F., Pkala J., Pelayo R., Pena-Rodriguez J., Perez Armand J., Perlin M., Perrone L., Petrera S., Pierog T., Pimenta M., Pirronello V., Platino M., Pont B., Pothast M., Privitera P., Prouza M., Puyleart A., Querchfeld S., Rautenberg J., Ravignani D., Reininghaus M., Ridky J., Riehn F., Risse M., Ristori P., Rizi V., Rodrigues De Carvalho W., Rodriguez Rojo J., Roncoroni M.J., Roth M., Roulet E., Rovero A.C., Ruehl P., Saffi S.J., Saftoiu A., Salamida F., Salazar H., Salina G., Sanabria Gomez J.D., Sanchez F., Santos E.M., Santos E., Sarazin F., Sarmento R., Sarmiento-Cano C., Sato R., Savina P., Schafer C.M., Scherini V., Schieler H., Schimassek M., Schimp M., Schluter F., Schmidt D., Scholten O., Schovanek P., Schroder F.G., Schroder S., Schulte J., Sciutto S.J., Scornavacche M., Shellard R.C., Sigl G., Silli G., Sima O., Smida R., Sommers P., Soriano J.F., Souchard J., Squartini R., Stadelmaier M., Stanca D., Stanic S., Stasielak J., Stassi P., Streich A., Suarez-Duran M., Sudholz T., Suomijarvi T., Supanitsky A.D., Supik J., Szadkowski Z., Taboada A., Tapia A., Timmermans C., Tkachenko O., Tobiska P., Todero Peixoto C.J., Tome B., Torralba Elipe G., Travaini A., Travnicek P., Trimarelli C., Trini M., Tueros M., Ulrich R., Unger M., Vaclavek L., Vacula M., Valdes Galicia J.F., Valino I., Valore L., Varela E., Varma K. C. V., Vasquez-Ramirez A., Veberic D., Ventura C., Vergara Quispe I.D., Verzi V., Vicha J., Vink J., Vorobiov S., Wahlberg H., Watson A.A., Weber M., Weindl A., Wiencke L., Wilczynski H., Winchen T., Wirtz M., Wittkowski D., Wundheiler B., Yushkov A., Zapparrata O., Zas E., Zavrtanik D., Zavrtanik M., Zehrer L., and Zepeda A.

Subjects
interaction: model, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Astronomy, Hadron, General Physics and Astronomy, Ultra-high energy cosmic rays, muons properties, hadronic models, 01 natural sciences, cosmic ray, particle interaction, astroparticle detectors, Auger, High Energy Physics - Experiment, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), iron, surface [detector], Observatory, [PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex], Physics, 4. Education, Settore FIS/01 - Fisica Sperimentale, measured [fluctuation], model [interaction], Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, model: hadronic, fluctuation: measured, 3. Good health, observatory, Sciences exactes et naturelles, atmosphere [showers], model [particle], air, Cherenkov counter: water, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, UHE [cosmic radiation], FOS: Physical sciences, Cosmic ray, detector: fluorescence, Nuclear physics, cosmic rays, muon, 0103 physical sciences, calorimeter, ddc:530, 14. Life underwater, cosmic radiation: UHE, High Energy Physics, distribution function, electromagnetic component, 010306 general physics, Astrophysique, Pierre Auger Observatory, fluorescence [detector], Muon, showers: atmosphere, hep-ex, detector: surface, water [Cherenkov counter], particle: model, Small deviations, Física, ASTROFÍSICA, Air shower, Experimental High Energy Physics, Elementary Particles and Fields, hadronic [model], High Energy Physics::Experiment
Abstract

The successful installation, commissioning, and operation of the Pierre Auger Observatory would not have been possible without the strong commitment and effort from the technical and administrative staff in Malargue. We are very grateful to the following agencies and organizations for financial support: Argentina-Comision Nacional de Energia Atomica, Agencia Nacional de Promocion Cientifica y Tecnologica (ANPCyT), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas (CONICET), Gobierno de la Provincia de Mendoza, Municipalidad de Malargue, NDM Holdings and Valle Las Lenas; in gratitude for their continuing cooperation over land access; Australia-the Australian Research Council; BrazilConselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPq), Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos (FINEP), Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Rio de Janeiro (FAPERJ), Sao Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP) Grants No. 2019/10151-2, No. 2010/07359-6, and No. 1999/05404-3, Ministerio da Ciencia, Tecnologia, Inovacoes e Comunicacoes (MCTIC); Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports of the Czech RepublicGrants No. MSMT CR LTT18004, No. LM2015038, No. LM2018102, No. CZ.02.1.01/0.0/0.0/16_013/0001402, No. CZ.02.1.01/0.0/0.0/18_046/0016010, and No. CZ.02.1.01/0.0/0.0/17_049/0008422; France-Centre de Calcul IN2P3/CNRS, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Conseil Regional Ile-de-France, Departement Physique Nucl ' eaire et Corpusculaire (PNC-IN2P3/CNRS), Departement Sciences de l'Univers (SDU-INSU/CNRS), Institut Lagrange de Paris (ILP) Grant No. LABEX ANR-10-LABX-63 within the Investissements d'Avenir Programme Grant No. ANR11-IDEX-0004-02; Germany-Bundesministerium fur Bildung und Forschung (BMBF), Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG), Finanzministerium Baden-Wurttemberg, Helmholtz Alliance for Astroparticle Physics (HAP), Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft Deutscher Forschungszentren (HGF), Ministerium fur Innovation, Wissenschaft und Forschung des Landes Nordrhein-Westfalen, Ministerium fur Wissenschaft, Forschung und Kunst des Landes Baden-Wurttemberg; Italy-Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN), Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF), Ministero dell'Istruzione, dell'Universita e della Ricerca (MIUR), CETEMPS Center of Excellence, Ministero degli Affari Esteri (MAE); Mexico-Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologia (CONACYT) Grant No. 167733, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico (UNAM), PAPIIT DGAPA-UNAM; The Netherlands-Ministry of Education, Culture and Science, Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research (NWO), Dutch national e-infrastructure with the support of SURF Cooperative; Poland-Ministry of Science and Higher Education, Grant No. DIR/WK/2018/11, National Science Centre, Grants No. 2013/08/M/ST9/00322, No. 2016/23/B/ST9/01635, and No. HARMONIA 5-2013/10/M/ST9/00062, UMO-2016/22/M/ST9/00198; Portugal -Portuguese national funds and FEDER funds within Programa Operacional Factores de Competitividade through Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia (COMPETE); Romania-Romanian Ministry of Education and Research, the Program Nucleu within MCI (PN19150201/16N/2019 and PN19060102), and project PN-III-P1-1.2-PCCDI-2017-0839/19PCCDI/2018 within PNCDI III; Slovenia-Slovenian Research Agency, Grants No. P1-0031, No. P1-0385, No. I00033, No. N1-0111; Spain-Ministerio de Economia, Industria y Competitividad (FPA2017-85114-P and FPA2017-85197-P), Xunta de Galicia (ED431C 2017/07), Junta de Andalucia (SOMM17/6104/UGR), Feder Funds, RENATA Red Nacional Tematica de Astroparticulas (FPA2015-68783-REDT), and Maria de Maeztu Unit of Excellence (MDM-2016-0692); U.S.Department of Energy, Awards No. DE-AC0207CH11359, No. DE-FR02-04ER41300, No. DE-FG0299ER41107, and No. DE-SC0011689, National Science Foundation, Grant No. 0450696, The Grainger Foundation, Marie Curie-IRSES/EPLANET, European Particle Physics Latin American Network, and UNESCO., We present the first measurement of the fluctuations in the number of muons in extensive air showers produced by ultrahigh energy cosmic rays. We find that the measured fluctuations are in good agreement with predictions from air shower simulations. This observation provides new insights into the origin of the previously reported deficit of muons in air shower simulations and constrains models of hadronic interactions at ultrahigh energies. Our measurement is compatible with the muon deficit originating from small deviations in the predictions from hadronic interaction models of particle production that accumulate as the showers develop., Argentina-Comision Nacional de Energia Atomica, ANPCyT, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas (CONICET), Gobierno de la Provincia de Mendoza, Municipalidad de Malargue, NDM Holdings, Valle Las Lenas, Australian Research Council, Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPQ), Fundacao de Apoio a Pesquisa do Distrito Federal (FAPDF), Financiadora de Inovacao e Pesquisa (Finep), Fundacao Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado do Rio De Janeiro (FAPERJ), Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo (FAPESP) 2019/10151-2 2010/07359-6 1999/05404-3, Ministerio da Ciencia, Tecnologia, Inovacoes e Comunicacoes (MCTIC), Ministry of Education, Youth & Sports - Czech Republic MSMT CR LTT18004 LM2015038 LM2018102 CZ.02.1.01/0.0/0.0/16_013/0001402 CZ.02.1.01/0.0/0.0/18_046/0016010 CZ.02.1.01/0.0/0.0/17_049/0008422, France-Centre de Calcul IN2P3/CNRS, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Region Ile-de-France, Departement Sciences de l'Univers (SDU-INSU/CNRS), French National Research Agency (ANR) LABEX ANR-10-LABX-63 ANR11-IDEX-0004-02, Federal Ministry of Education & Research (BMBF), German Research Foundation (DFG), Finanzministerium Baden-Wurttemberg, Helmholtz Alliance for Astroparticle Physics (HAP), Helmholtz Association, Ministerium fur Innovation, Wissenschaft und Forschung des Landes Nordrhein-Westfalen, Ministerium fur Wissenschaft, Forschung und Kunst des Landes Baden-Wurttemberg, Italy-Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN), Istituto Nazionale Astrofisica (INAF), Ministry of Education, Universities and Research (MIUR), CETEMPS Center of Excellence, Ministry of Foreign Affairs and International Cooperation (Italy), Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologia (CONACyT) 167733, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico (UNAM), PAPIIT DGAPA-UNAM, Netherlands-Ministry of Education, Culture and Science, Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (NWO), Dutch national e-infrastructure, SURF Cooperative, Poland-Ministry of Science and Higher Education DIR/WK/2018/11, National Science Centre, Poland 2013/08/M/ST9/00322 2016/23/B/ST9/01635 HARMONIA 5-2013/10/M/ST9/00062 UMO-2016/22/M/ST9/00198, Portugal -Portuguese national funds, FEDER funds within Programa Operacional Factores de Competitividade through Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia (COMPETE), Romania-Romanian Ministry of Education and Research, the Program Nucleu within MCI PN19150201/16N/2019 PN19060102, Romania-Romanian Ministry of Educatio n and Research, the Program Nucleu within PNCDI III PN-III-P1-1.2-PCCDI-2017-0839/19PCCDI/2018, Slovenian Research Agency - Slovenia P1-0031 P1-0385 I00033 N1-0111, Spain-Ministerio de Economia, Industria y Competitividad FPA2017-85114-P FPA2017-85197-P, Xunta de Galicia European Commission ED431C 2017/07, Junta de Andalucia SOMM17/6104/UGR, European Commission, RENATA Red Nacional Tematica de Astroparticulas FPA2015-68783-REDT, Maria de Maeztu Unit of Excellence MDM-2016-0692, United States Department of Energy (DOE) DE-AC0207CH11359 DE-FR02-04ER41300 DE-FG0299ER41107 DE-SC0011689, National Science Foundation (NSF) 0450696, Grainger Foundation, Marie Curie-IRSES/EPLANET, European Particle Physics Latin American Network, UNESCO

Published
2021

28. Design, upgrade and characterization of the silicon photomultiplier front-end for the AMIGA detector at the Pierre Auger Observatory

Author

Silvia Mollerach, N. Fazzini, Jonas Glombitza, F. C. T. Barbato, D. Zavrtanik, Serguei Vorobiov, J. Kleinfeller, Marcos Cerda, Denis Stanca, D. Melo, W. M. Namasaka, L. Lopes, A. C. Rovero, Alexandru Balaceanu, Carla Aramo, Julien Souchard, D. Martello, O. Martínez Bravo, K. Mulrey, Carla Bleve, Rodrigo Guedes Lang, Jaime Alvarez-Muñiz, Kevin-Druis Merenda, Alexandru Gherghel-Lascu, E. Santos, Thomas Bretz, Tiina Suomijarvi, V. Rizi, Corbin Covault, Vladimir Lenok, J. Stasielak, P. Tobiska, L. Perrone, L. Valore, R. Sato, Lino Miramonti, D. de Oliveira Franco, Lukáš Vaclavek, G. Mancarella, G. Marsella, A. Weindl, P. Savina, W. Rodrigues de Carvalho, Teresa Bister, Dalibor Nosek, M. Schimp, B. C. Manning, G. P. Guedes, Bjarni Pont, Luis A. Anchordoqui, A. Di Matteo, Marvin Gottowik, B. Keilhauer, P. Abreu, D. Ravignani, Alessio Gorgi, Maximilian Reininghaus, Flavia Gesualdi, Dusan Mandat, Sullivan Marafico, M. Risse, Orazio Zapparrata, Francesco Fenu, Ralf Ulrich, B. Wundheiler, Paul Sommers, Patricia María Hansen, Philipp Papenbreer, E. M. Santos, Eric Mayotte, Toshihiro Fujii, S. J. Sciutto, Juan Miguel Carceller, David Schmidt, J. Perez Armand, M. Gómez Berisso, S. Schröder, Italo Epicoco, Kai Daumiller, F. Sánchez, Marco Giammarchi, Nataliia Borodai, Christian Sarmiento-Cano, G. Parente, Fabrizia Canfora, K. Choi, L. Zehrer, Miroslav Pech, M. Pothast, Valerio Pirronello, C. J.W.P. Timmermans, C. M. Schäfer, C. J. Todero Peixoto, J. F. Valdés Galicia, I. De Mitri, Denise Boncioli, Jakub Juryšek, J. Debatin, Antonio Condorelli, Carola Dobrigkeit, M. Muzio, J. de Oliveira, Martin Vacula, Marcel Köpke, M. Platino, R. Alves Batista, Bruce R. Dawson, Trent D. Grubb, D. Nitz, Alejandro Almela, P. Horvath, J. Chudoba, P.O. Mazur, Darko Veberič, Julian Kemp, B. Andrada, A.L. Garcia Vegas, Sofia Andringa, M. A. Muller, A. Aab, G. Cataldi, Michael Prouza, Fred Sarazin, F. Riehn, T. Huege, Marina Scornavacche, A. Tapia, B. Tome, Josina Schulte, Alex Kääpä, Martina Bohacova, L. Nožka, G. De Mauro, F. Guarino, John Matthews, Peter Buchholz, Steffen Hahn, Claudio Galelli, Juan Carlos D'Olivo, T. Pierog, Juan Manuel Figueira, Mario Buscemi, L. R. Wiencke, Niklas Langner, Roberta Colalillo, Heino Falcke, V. Scherini, Maria Rita Coluccia, Jeffrey Brack, Olaf Scholten, Octavian Sima, Marco Aglietta, Marko Zavrtanik, H. Schieler, Esteban Roulet, A. G. Mariazzi, Justin M. Albury, Humberto Ibarguen Salazar, Hernán Asorey, M. I. Micheletti, Karl-Heinz Kampert, Antonella Castellina, Jonathan Biteau, J. Vicha, G. Farrar, Juan Pablo Gongora, K.-H. Becker, Nicolás González, Jose Chinellato, Alan Watson, H. Wilczyński, M. Suárez-Durán, Xavier Bertou, M. Perlin, Matias Tueros, Mihai Niculescu-Oglinzanu, M. Pimenta, I. Lhenry-Yvon, Jiri Blazek, E. De Vito, Giovanni Consolati, A. Zepeda, Gaetano Salina, Violet M. Harvey, D. Harari, Luis A. Nunez, Pedro Assis, P.R. Araújo Ferreira, Brian Fick, Piera Luisa Ghia, D. Lo Presti, S. J. De Jong, C. O. Escobar, A. Insolia, M. Kleifges, A.D. Supanitsky, H. Martinez, A. Etchegoyen, Marcus Niechciol, A. Taboada, J. Pȩkala, A. Fuster, Miguel Mostafa, Frank G. Schröder, Jarryd A. Day, A. Saftoiu, R.J. Barreira Luz, Tobias Winchen, Julien Manshanden, R. Conceição, A. Puyleart, Corinne Berat, M. Giller, Petr Schovanek, A.C. Cobos Cerutti, P.F. Gómez Vitale, Alina Mihaela Badescu, S. Querchfeld, Andres Travaini, E. Varela, J.D. Sanabria Gomez, Olena Tkachenko, V. Novotny, Ioana Caracas, Cristina Galea, J. R. T. de Mello Neto, L. Bonneau Arbeletche, A. Haungs, Rossella Caruso, A. Lucero, Fernando Catalani, J. Šupík, Carlo Ventura, Florian Lukas Briechle, Massimo Mastrodicasa, P. Ruehl, M. Schimassek, Caterina Trimarelli, Alena Bakalova, C. Hojvat, Jan Ebr, Ladislav Chytka, Samo Stanič, M. E. Bertaina, Markus Roth, M. HrabovskÃ, Jon Paul Lundquist, A. Menshikov, J. Hulsman, Juan Manuel González, P. Mantsch, B. L. Lago, P. Travnicek, Jacco Vink, H. Gemmeke, M. Unger, Jeffrey A. Johnsen, Z. Szadkowski, Gaia Silli, Isabel Goos, R. Squartini, A. Filipčič, D. Heck, Alfred Müller, H.O. Klages, Thomas Hebbeker, Sergio Dasso, Tristan Sudholz, S. Petrera, Marc Weber, A. Letessier-Selvon, Paula Gina Isar, M. del Río, Günter Sigl, Martín Miguel Freire, Roberto Mussa, P. Stassi, Radomir Smida, G. Medina-Tanco, A. A. Nucita, J. Rautenberg, A. Machado Payeras, B. García, R.C. Shellard, Q. Luce, F. Salamida, Maximilian Stadelmaier, R. López, Karen S. Caballero-Mora, R. M. de Almeida, A. Yushkov, Lorenzo Caccianiga, Lorenzo Cazon, G. Golup, Rodrigo Pelayo, Stijn Buitink, Martin Erdmann, François Montanet, J. de Jesús, A. Streich, Gioacchino Alex Anastasi, M. Wirtz, Eleonora Guido, Valerio Verzi, L. Nellen, Roger W Clay, Fernando Gollan, C. Morello, V. de Souza, Peter L. Biermann, Paolo Privitera, David Wittkowski, Olivier Deligny, Tomáš Fodran, Ugo Giaccari, Ioana Codrina Maris, A. C. Fauth, Carla Bonifazi, Jose A. Bellido, Fabio Convenga, G. C. Hill, I.D. Vergara Quispe, Jorge F. Soriano, Hernan Wahlberg, Ralph Engel, A. Parra, P. Ristori, M. Trini, I. Allekotte, M. J. Roncoroni, J. Pallotta, J. Ridky, A. M. Botti, Jörg R. Hörandel, H. J. Mathes, Stanislav Michal, J. Rodriguez Rojo, G. Matthiae, Fridtjof Feldbusch, Enrique Zas, Antonio Bueno, Fernando Contreras, Gualberto Avila, Dariusz Gora, John Farmer, Alan Coleman, Maria-Teresa Dova, M. R. Hampel, S. J. Saffi, F. Pedreira, Raul Sarmento, R.C. dos Anjos, Felix Schlüter, Adriana Vásquez-Ramírez, M. Palatka, Fabian Gobbi, Jesús Peña-Rodríguez, M.A. Leigui de Oliveira, High Energy Astrophys. & Astropart. Phys (API, FNWI), Aab, A., Abreu, P., Aglietta, M., Albury, J. M., Allekotte, I., Almela, A., Alvarez-Muniz, J., Alves Batista, R., Anastasi, G. A., Anchordoqui, L., Andrada, B., Andringa, S., Aramo, C., Araujo Ferreira, P. R., Asorey, H., Assis, P., Avila, G., Badescu, A. M., Bakalova, A., Balaceanu, A., Barbato, F., Barreira Luz, R. J., Becker, K. H., Bellido, J. A., Berat, C., Bertaina, M. E., Bertou, X., Biermann, P. L., Bister, T., Biteau, J., Blazek, J., Bleve, C., Bohacova, M., Boncioli, D., Bonifazi, C., Bonneau Arbeletche, L., Borodai, N., Botti, A. M., Brack, J., Bretz, T., Briechle, F. L., Buchholz, P., Bueno, A., Buitink, S., Buscemi, M., Caballero-Mora, K. S., Caccianiga, L., Canfora, F., Caracas, I., Carceller, J. M., Caruso, R., Castellina, A., Catalani, F., Cataldi, G., Cazon, L., Cerda, M., Chinellato, J. A., Choi, K., Chudoba, J., Chytka, L., Clay, R. W., Cobos Cerutti, A. C., Colalillo, R., Coleman, A., Coluccia, M. R., Conceicao, R., Condorelli, A., Consolati, G., Contreras, F., Convenga, F., Covault, C. E., Dasso, S., Daumiller, K., Dawson, B. R., Day, J. A., de Almeida, R. M., de Jesus, J., de Jong, S. J., de Mauro, G., de Mello Neto, J. R. T., de Mitri, I., de Oliveira, J., de Oliveira Franco, D., de Souza, V., de Vito, E., Debatin, J., del Rio, M., Deligny, O., Di Matteo, A., Dobrigkeit, C., D'Olivo, J. C., dos Anjos, R. C., Dova, M. T., Ebr, J., Engel, R., Epicoco, I., Erdmann, M., Escobar, C. O., Etchegoyen, A., Falcke, H., Farmer, J., Farrar, G., Fauth, A. C., Fazzini, N., Feldbusch, F., Fenu, F., Fick, B., Figueira, J. M., Filipcic, A., Fodran, T., Freire, M. M., Fujii, T., Fuster, A., Galea, C., Galelli, C., Garcia, B., Garcia Vegas, A. L., Gemmeke, H., Gesualdi, F., Gherghel-Lascu, A., Ghia, P. L., Giaccari, U., Giammarchi, M., Giller, M., Glombitza, J., Gobbi, F., Gollan, F., Golup, G., Gomez Berisso, M., Gomez Vitale, P. F., Gongora, J. P., Gonzalez, J. M., Gonzalez, N., Goos, I., Gora, D., Gorgi, A., Gottowik, M., Grubb, T. D., Guarino, F., Guedes, G. P., Guido, E., Hahn, S., Hampel, M. R., Hansen, P., Harari, D., Harvey, V. M., Haungs, A., Hebbeker, T., Heck, D., Hill, G. C., Hojvat, C., Horandel, J. R., Horvath, P., Hrabovsky, M., Huege, T., Hulsman, J., Insolia, A., Isar, P. G., Johnsen, J. A., Jurysek, J., Kaapa, A., Kampert, K. H., Keilhauer, B., Kemp, J., Klages, H. O., Kleifges, M., Kleinfeller, J., Kopke, M., Lago, B. L., Lang, R. G., Langner, N., Leigui de Oliveira, M. A., Lenok, V., Letessier-Selvon, A., Lhenry-Yvon, I., Lo Presti, D., Lopes, L., Lopez, R., Luce, Q., Lucero, A., Lundquist, J. P., Machado Payeras, A., Mancarella, G., Mandat, D., Manning, B. C., Manshanden, J., Mantsch, P., Marafico, S., Mariazzi, A. G., Maris, I. C., Marsella, G., Martello, D., Martinez, H., Martinez Bravo, O., Mastrodicasa, M., Mathes, H. J., Matthews, J., Matthiae, G., Mayotte, E., Mazur, P. O., Medina-Tanco, G., Melo, D., Menshikov, A., Merenda, K. -D., Michal, S., Micheletti, M. I., Miramonti, L., Mollerach, S., Montanet, F., Morello, C., Mostafa, M., Muller, A. L., Muller, M. A., Mulrey, K., Mussa, R., Muzio, M., Namasaka, W. M., Nellen, L., Niculescu-Oglinzanu, M., Niechciol, M., Nitz, D., Nosek, D., Novotny, V., Nozka, L., Nucita, A., Nunez, L. A., Palatka, M., Pallotta, J., Papenbreer, P., Parente, G., Parra, A., Pech, M., Pedreira, F., Pekala, J., Pelayo, R., Pena-Rodriguez, J., Perez Armand, J., Perlin, M., Perrone, L., Petrera, S., Pierog, T., Pimenta, M., Pirronello, V., Platino, M., Pont, B., Pothast, M., Privitera, P., Prouza, M., Puyleart, A., Querchfeld, S., Rautenberg, J., Ravignani, D., Reininghaus, M., Ridky, J., Riehn, F., Risse, M., Ristori, P., Rizi, V., Rodrigues de Carvalho, W., Rodriguez Rojo, J., Roncoroni, M. J., Roth, M., Roulet, E., Rovero, A. C., Ruehl, P., Saffi, S. J., Saftoiu, A., Salamida, F., Salazar, H., Salina, G., Sanabria Gomez, J. D., Sanchez, F., Santos, E. M., Santos, E., Sarazin, F., Sarmento, R., Sarmiento-Cano, C., Sato, R., Savina, P., Schafer, C. M., Scherini, V., Schieler, H., Schimassek, M., Schimp, M., Schluter, F., Schmidt, D., Scholten, O., Schovanek, P., Schroder, F. G., Schroder, S., Schulte, J., Sciutto, S. J., Scornavacche, M., Shellard, R. C., Sigl, G., Silli, G., Sima, O., Smida, R., Sommers, P., Soriano, J. F., Souchard, J., Squartini, R., Stadelmaier, M., Stanca, D., Stanic, S., Stasielak, J., Stassi, P., Streich, A., Suarez-Duran, M., Sudholz, T., Suomijarvi, T., Supanitsky, A. D., Supik, J., Szadkowski, Z., Taboada, A., Tapia, A., Timmermans, C., Tkachenko, O., Tobiska, P., Todero Peixoto, C. J., Tome, B., Travaini, A., Travnicek, P., Trimarelli, C., Trini, M., Tueros, M., Ulrich, R., Unger, M., Vaclavek, L., Vacula, M., Valdes Galicia, J. F., Valore, L., Varela, E., Varma, V. K. C., Vasquez-Ramirez, A., Veberic, D., Ventura, C., Vergara Quispe, I. D., Verzi, V., Vicha, J., Vink, J., Vorobiov, S., Wahlberg, H., Watson, A. A., Weber, M., Weindl, A., Wiencke, L., Wilczynski, H., Winchen, T., Wirtz, M., Wittkowski, D., Wundheiler, B., Yushkov, A., Zapparrata, O., Zas, E., Zavrtanik, D., Zavrtanik, M., Zehrer, L., Zepeda, A., Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Institut de Physique Nucléaire d'Orsay (IPNO), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Énergies (LPNHE (UMR_7585)), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Pierre Auger, Physics, Aab A., Abreu P., Aglietta M., Albury J.M., Allekotte I., Almela A., Alvarez-Muniz J., Alves Batista R., Anastasi G.A., Anchordoqui L., Andrada B., Andringa S., Aramo C., Araujo Ferreira P.R., Asorey H., Assis P., Avila G., Badescu A.M., Bakalova A., Balaceanu A., Barbato F., Barreira Luz R.J., Becker K.H., Bellido J.A., Berat C., Bertaina M.E., Bertou X., Biermann P.L., Bister T., Biteau J., Blazek J., Bleve C., Bohacova M., Boncioli D., Bonifazi C., Bonneau Arbeletche L., Borodai N., Botti A.M., Brack J., Bretz T., Briechle F.L., Buchholz P., Bueno A., Buitink S., Buscemi M., Caballero-Mora K.S., Caccianiga L., Canfora F., Caracas I., Carceller J.M., Caruso R., Castellina A., Catalani F., Cataldi G., Cazon L., Cerda M., Chinellato J.A., Choi K., Chudoba J., Chytka L., Clay R.W., Cobos Cerutti A.C., Colalillo R., Coleman A., Coluccia M.R., Conceicao R., Condorelli A., Consolati G., Contreras F., Convenga F., Covault C.E., Dasso S., Daumiller K., Dawson B.R., Day J.A., de Almeida R.M., de Jesus J., de Jong S.J., de Mauro G., de Mello Neto J.R.T., de Mitri I., de Oliveira J., de Oliveira Franco D., de Souza V., de Vito E., Debatin J., del Rio M., Deligny O., Di Matteo A., Dobrigkeit C., D'Olivo J.C., dos Anjos R.C., Dova M.T., Ebr J., Engel R., Epicoco I., Erdmann M., Escobar C.O., Etchegoyen A., Falcke H., Farmer J., Farrar G., Fauth A.C., Fazzini N., Feldbusch F., Fenu F., Fick B., Figueira J.M., Filipcic A., Fodran T., Freire M.M., Fujii T., Fuster A., Galea C., Galelli C., Garcia B., Garcia Vegas A.L., Gemmeke H., Gesualdi F., Gherghel-Lascu A., Ghia P.L., Giaccari U., Giammarchi M., Giller M., Glombitza J., Gobbi F., Gollan F., Golup G., Gomez Berisso M., Gomez Vitale P.F., Gongora J.P., Gonzalez J.M., Gonzalez N., Goos I., Gora D., Gorgi A., Gottowik M., Grubb T.D., Guarino F., Guedes G.P., Guido E., Hahn S., Hampel M.R., Hansen P., Harari D., Harvey V.M., Haungs A., Hebbeker T., Heck D., Hill G.C., Hojvat C., Horandel J.R., Horvath P., Hrabovsky M., Huege T., Hulsman J., Insolia A., Isar P.G., Johnsen J.A., Jurysek J., Kaapa A., Kampert K.H., Keilhauer B., Kemp J., Klages H.O., Kleifges M., Kleinfeller J., Kopke M., Lago B.L., Lang R.G., Langner N., Leigui de Oliveira M.A., Lenok V., Letessier-Selvon A., Lhenry-Yvon I., Lo Presti D., Lopes L., Lopez R., Luce Q., Lucero A., Lundquist J.P., Machado Payeras A., Mancarella G., Mandat D., Manning B.C., Manshanden J., Mantsch P., Marafico S., Mariazzi A.G., Maris I.C., Marsella G., Martello D., Martinez H., Martinez Bravo O., Mastrodicasa M., Mathes H.J., Matthews J., Matthiae G., Mayotte E., Mazur P.O., Medina-Tanco G., Melo D., Menshikov A., Merenda K.-D., Michal S., Micheletti M.I., Miramonti L., Mollerach S., Montanet F., Morello C., Mostafa M., Muller A.L., Muller M.A., Mulrey K., Mussa R., Muzio M., Namasaka W.M., Nellen L., Niculescu-Oglinzanu M., Niechciol M., Nitz D., Nosek D., Novotny V., Nozka L., Nucita A., Nunez L.A., Palatka M., Pallotta J., Papenbreer P., Parente G., Parra A., Pech M., Pedreira F., Pekala J., Pelayo R., Pena-Rodriguez J., Perez Armand J., Perlin M., Perrone L., Petrera S., Pierog T., Pimenta M., Pirronello V., Platino M., Pont B., Pothast M., Privitera P., Prouza M., Puyleart A., Querchfeld S., Rautenberg J., Ravignani D., Reininghaus M., Ridky J., Riehn F., Risse M., Ristori P., Rizi V., Rodrigues de Carvalho W., Rodriguez Rojo J., Roncoroni M.J., Roth M., Roulet E., Rovero A.C., Ruehl P., Saffi S.J., Saftoiu A., Salamida F., Salazar H., Salina G., Sanabria Gomez J.D., Sanchez F., Santos E.M., Santos E., Sarazin F., Sarmento R., Sarmiento-Cano C., Sato R., Savina P., Schafer C.M., Scherini V., Schieler H., Schimassek M., Schimp M., Schluter F., Schmidt D., Scholten O., Schovanek P., Schroder F.G., Schroder S., Schulte J., Sciutto S.J., Scornavacche M., Shellard R.C., Sigl G., Silli G., Sima O., Smida R., Sommers P., Soriano J.F., Souchard J., Squartini R., Stadelmaier M., Stanca D., Stanic S., Stasielak J., Stassi P., Streich A., Suarez-Duran M., Sudholz T., Suomijarvi T., Supanitsky A.D., Supik J., Szadkowski Z., Taboada A., Tapia A., Timmermans C., Tkachenko O., Tobiska P., Todero Peixoto C.J., Tome B., Travaini A., Travnicek P., Trimarelli C., Trini M., Tueros M., Ulrich R., Unger M., Vaclavek L., Vacula M., Valdes Galicia J.F., Valore L., Varela E., Varma V.K.C., Vasquez-Ramirez A., Veberic D., Ventura C., Vergara Quispe I.D., Verzi V., Vicha J., Vink J., Vorobiov S., Wahlberg H., Watson A.A., Weber M., Weindl A., Wiencke L., Wilczynski H., Winchen T., Wirtz M., Wittkowski D., Wundheiler B., Yushkov A., Zapparrata O., Zas E., Zavrtanik D., Zavrtanik M., Zehrer L., Zepeda A., and Research unit Astroparticle Physics

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Astronomy, Performance of High Energy Physics Detector, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, Etc), 030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging, 0302 clinical medicine, Front-end electronics for detector readout, APDs, Instrumentation, physics.ins-det, Photon detectors for UV, Mathematical Physics, Instrumentation et méthodes en physique, EBCCDs, Visible and IR photons (solid-state) (PIN diodes, APDs, Si-PMTs, G-APDs, CCDs, EBCCDs, EMCCDs, CMOS imagers, etc), electronics, Settore FIS/01 - Fisica Sperimentale, Calibration and fitting methods, Performance of High Energy Physics Detectors, Photon detectors for UV, visible and IR photons (solid-state) (PIN diodes, APDs, Si-PMTs, G-APDs, CCDs, EBCCDs, EMCCDs, CMOS imagers, etc), Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Si-PMTs, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), charged particle, CCDs, Cluster finding, CMOS imagers, EMCCDs, Pattern recognition, G-APDs, Visible and IR photons (solid-state) (PIN diodes, Auger, observatory, density [muon], Pattern recognition, cluster finding, calibration and fitting method, Christian ministry, upgrade, ddc:620, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, performance, atmosphere [showers], Land access, Cherenkov counter: water, air, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, UHE [cosmic radiation], FOS: Physical sciences, 03 medical and health sciences, Political science, 0103 physical sciences, muon: density, photomultiplier: silicon, High Energy Physics, cosmic radiation: UHE, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], ddc:610, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), Engineering & allied operations, scintillation counter, showers: atmosphere, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, water [Cherenkov counter], Autres mathématiques, Research council, efficiency, Experimental High Energy Physics, silicon [photomultiplier], High Energy Physics::Experiment, Humanities, RAIOS CÓSMICOS, astro-ph.IM
Abstract

The successful installation, commissioning, and operation of the Pierre Auger Observatory would not have been possible without the strong commitment and effort from the technical and administrative staff in Malargue. We are very grateful to the following agencies and organizations for financial support: Argentina -Comision Nacional de Energia Atomica; Agencia Nacional de Promocion Cientifica y Tecnologica (ANPCyT); Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas (CONICET); Gobierno de la Provincia de Mendoza; Municipalidad de Malargue; NDM Holdings and Valle Las Lenas; in gratitude for their continuing cooperation over land access; Australia -the Australian Research Council; Brazil -Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPq); Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos (FINEP); Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Rio de Janeiro (FAPERJ); Sao Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP) Grants No. 2019/10151-2, No. 2010/07359-6 and No. 1999/05404-3; Ministerio da Ciencia, Tecnologia, Inovacoes e Comunicacoes (MCTIC); Czech Republic Grant No. MSMT CR LTT18004, LM2015038, LM2018102, CZ.02.1.01/0.0/0.0/16_013/0001402, CZ.02.1.01/0.0/0.0/18_046/0016010 and CZ.02.1.01/0.0/0.0/17_049/0008422; France -Centre de Calcul IN2P3/CNRS; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Conseil Regional Ile-de-France; Departement Physique Nucleaire et Corpusculaire (PNC-IN2P3/CNRS); Departement Sciences de l'Univers (SDU-INSU/CNRS); Institut Lagrange de Paris (ILP) Grant No. LABEX ANR-10-LABX-63 within the Investissements d'Avenir Programme Grant No. ANR-11-IDEX-0004-02; Germany-Bundesministerium fur Bildung und Forschung (BMBF); Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG); Finanzministerium Baden-Wurttemberg; Helmholtz Alliance for Astroparticle Physics (HAP); Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft Deutscher Forschungszentren (HGF); Ministerium fur Innovation, Wissenschaft und Forschung des Landes Nordrhein-Westfalen; Ministerium fur Wissenschaft, Forschung und Kunst des Landes Baden-Wurttemberg; Italy-Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN); Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF); Ministero dell'Istruzione, dell'Universita e della Ricerca (MIUR); CETEMPS Center of Excellence; Ministero degli Affari Esteri (MAE); Mexico-Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologia (CONACYT) No. 167733; Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico (UNAM); PAPIIT DGAPA-UNAM; The Netherlands -Ministry of Education, Culture and Science; Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research (NWO); Dutch national e-infrastructure with the support of SURF Cooperative; Poland-Ministry of Science and Higher Education, grant No. DIR/WK/2018/11; National Science Centre, Grants No. 2013/08/M/ST9/00322, No. 2016/23/B/ST9/01635 and No. HARMONIA 5-2013/10/M/ST9/00062, UMO-2016/22/M/ST9/00198; Portugal -Portuguese national funds and FEDER funds within Programa Operacional Factores de Competitividade through Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia (COMPETE); Romania-Romanian Ministry of Education and Research, the Program Nucleu within MCI(PN19150201/16N/2019 and PN19060102) and project PN-III-P1-1.2-PCCDI-2017-0839/19PCCDI/2018 within PNCDI III; Slovenia -Slovenian Research Agency, grants P1-0031, P1-0385, I0-0033, N1-0111; Spain-Ministerio de Economia, Industria y Competitividad (FPA2017-85114-P and FPA2017-85197-P), Xunta de Galicia (ED431C 2017/07), Junta de Andalucia (SOMM17/6104/UGR), Feder Funds, RENATA Red Nacional Tematica de Astroparticulas (FPA2015-68783-REDT) and Maria de Maeztu Unit of Excellence (MDM-2016-0692); U.S.A. -Department of Energy, Contracts No. DE-AC02-07CH11359, No. DE-FR02-04ER41300, No. DE-FG02-99ER41107 and No. DE-SC0011689; National Science Foundation, Grant No. 0450696; The Grainger Foundation; Marie Curie-IRSES/EPLANET; European Particle Physics Latin American Network; and UNESCO., AMIGA (Auger Muons and Infill for the Ground Array) is an upgrade of the Pierre Auger Observatory to complement the study of ultra-high-energy cosmic rays (UHECR) by measuring the muon content of extensive air showers (EAS). It consists of an array of 61 water Cherenkov detectors on a denser spacing in combination with underground scintillation detectors used for muon density measurement. Each detector is composed of three scintillation modules, with 10 m(2) detection area per module, buried at 2.3 m depth, resulting in a total detection area of 30 m(2). Silicon photomultiplier sensors (SiPM) measure the amount of scintillation light generated by charged particles traversing the modules. In this paper, the design of the front-end electronics to process the signals of those SiPMs and test results from the laboratory and from the Pierre Auger Observatory are described. Compared to our previous prototype, the new electronics shows a higher performance, higher efficiency and lower power consumption, and it has a new acquisition system with increased dynamic range that allows measurements closer to the shower core. The new acquisition system is based on the measurement of the total charge signal that the muonic component of the cosmic ray shower generates in the detector., Argentina - Comision Nacional de Energia Atomica, Argentina - Agencia Nacional de Promocion Cientifica y Tecnologica (ANPCyT), Argentina - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas (CONICET), Argentina - Gobierno de la Provincia de Mendoza, Argentina - Municipalidad de Malargue, Argentina - NDM Holdings, Argentina - Valle Las Lenas, Australian Research Council, Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPQ) Fundacao de Apoio a Pesquisa do Distrito Federal (FAPDF) Brazil - Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos (FINEP), Fundacao Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado do Rio De Janeiro (FAPERJ), Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo (FAPESP) 2019/10151-2 2010/07359-6 1999/05404-3, Brazil - Ministerio da Ciencia, Tecnologia, Inovacoes e Comunicacoes (MCTIC), Brazil - Czech Republic Grant MSMT CR LTT18004 LM2015038 LM2018102 CZ.02.1.01/0.0/0.0/16_013/0001402 CZ.02.1.01/0.0/0.0/18_046/0016010 CZ.02.1.01/0.0/0.0/17_049/0008422, France - Centre de Calcul IN2P3/CNRS, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), France - Conseil Regional Ile-de-France, France - Departement Physique Nucleaire et Corpusculaire (PNC-IN2P3/CNRS), France - Departement Sciences de l'Univers (SDU-INSU/CNRS), French National Research Agency (ANR) LABEX ANR-10-LABX-63, Institut Lagrange de Paris (ILP) within the Investissements d'Avenir Programme ANR-11-IDEX-0004-02, Federal Ministry of Education & Research (BMBF), Bundesministerium fur Bildung und Forschung (BMBF), German Research Foundation (DFG), Germany - Finanzministerium Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany - Helmholtz Alliance for Astroparticle Physics (HAP), Germany - Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft Deutscher Forschungszentren (HGF), Germany - Ministerium fur Innovation, Wissenschaft und Forschung des Landes Nordrhein-Westfalen, Germany - Ministerium fur Wissenschaft, Forschung und Kunst des Landes Baden-Wurttemberg, Italy - Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN), Italy - Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF), Italy - Ministero dell'Istruzione, dell'Universita e della Ricerca (MIUR), Italy - CETEMPS Center of Excellence, Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologia (CONACyT) 167733, Mexico - Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico (UNAM), Mexico - PAPIIT DGAPA-UNAM, Netherlands - Ministry of Education, Culture and Science, Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (NWO), Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research (NWO), The Netherlands - SURF Cooperative, Poland - Ministry of Science and Higher Education DIR/WK/2018/11 Poland - National Science Centre 2013/08/M/ST9/00322 2016/23/B/ST9/01635 HARMONIA 5-2013/10/M/ST9/00062 UMO-2016/22/M/ST9/00198, Portugal - Portuguese national funds Portugal - FEDER funds within Programa Operacional Factores de Competitividade through Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia (COMPETE), Romania - Romanian Ministry of Education and Research Romania - Program Nucleu within MCI PN19150201/16N/2019 PN19060102 Romania - PNCDI III PN-III-P1-1.2-PCCDI-2017-0839/19PCCDI/2018, Slovenian Research Agency - Slovenia P1-0031 P1-0385 I0-0033 N1-0111, Spain - Ministerio de Economia, Industria y Competitividad FPA2017-85114-P FPA2017-85197-P, Spain - Xunta de Galicia ED431C 2017/07, Junta de Andalucia SOMM17/6104/UGR, Spain - Feder Funds, Spain - RENATA Red Nacional Tematica de Astroparticulas FPA2015-68783-REDT, Spain - Maria de Maeztu Unit of Excellence MDM-2016-0692, United States Department of Energy (DOE) DE-AC02-07CH11359, National Science Foundation (NSF) 0450696, U.S.A. - Grainger Foundation U.S.A. - Marie Curie-IRSES/EPLANET U.S.A. - European Particle Physics Latin American Network U.S.A. - UNESCO, Italy - Ministero degli Affari Esteri (MAE), The Netherlands - Dutch national e-infrastructure

Published
2021

29. Deep-learning based reconstruction of the shower maximum X max using the water-Cherenkov detectors of the Pierre Auger Observatory

Author

A. Segreto, Günter Sigl, Orazio Zapparrata, P. Stassi, Radomir Smida, A. Machado Payeras, G. Cataldi, V. Scherini, Carola Dobrigkeit, M. Muzio, Marcio Aparecido Muller, Srijan Sehgal, Fernando Gollan, Carla Bleve, Rodrigo Guedes Lang, M. E. Bertaina, F. de Palma, Alan Watson, M. Perlin, Mihai Niculescu-Oglinzanu, L. Valore, Belén Andrada, Marina Scornavacche, V. de Souza, G. Golup, Violet M. Harvey, D. Harari, N. Kunka, T. Bister, F. Riehn, P. Tobiska, Jonathan Biteau, M. I. Micheletti, A. Insolia, Jesús Peña-Rodríguez, Matías J. Roncoroni, Sullivan Marafico, M. Kleifges, D. Zavrtanik, Marco Giammarchi, R.J. Barreira Luz, D. Melo, G. P. Guedes, F. Salamida, N. Fazzini, Jonas Glombitza, F. C. T. Barbato, A. Yushkov, Alina Mihaela Badescu, Ioana Codrina Maris, R. Sato, Lourenco Lopes, Toshihiro Fujii, S. Schröder, Italo Epicoco, Marvin Gottowik, Cristina Galea, M. Prouza, Brian Fick, Xavier Bertou, A. Di Matteo, Julian Kemp, Eric Mayotte, D. Nitz, Esteban Roulet, P. Abreu, D. Ravignani, R. M. de Almeida, K. H. Kampert, J. C. Arteaga Velázquez, J. Kleinfeller, A. Zepeda, M. Gómez Berisso, R. C. Shellard, Roberto Mussa, A. Puyleart, Jakub Juryšek, Petr Hamal, Steffen Hahn, Juan Carlos D'Olivo, Julien Manshanden, Lorenzo Caccianiga, Pedro Assis, H. Martinez, A. Etchegoyen, G. C. Hill, Corinne Berat, M. Giller, Jan Pękala, Rúben Conceição, Valerio Verzi, B. Tome, J. Chudoba, L. Lu, H. J. Mathes, Stanislav Michal, B. Wundheiler, Andres Travaini, K. Choi, Alex Kääpä, Ralph Engel, Flavia Gesualdi, J. Perez Armand, E. Varela, D. Correia dos Santos, J. Ridky, L. R. Wiencke, T. Pierog, François Montanet, Justin M. Albury, P. L. Ghia, Marcel Köpke, M. Platino, J.D. Sanabria Gomez, Rodrigo Pelayo, Jose J. Gonzalez, Stijn Buitink, Katie Mulrey, Carlos Escobar, G. De Mauro, Kevin-Druis Merenda, Vladimir Lenok, L. Perrone, H. Schieler, C. J. Todero Peixoto, Mario Buscemi, D. Nosek, E. Santos, Niklas Langner, Antonella Castellina, Eleonora Guido, Antonio Condorelli, M. Risse, Jörg R. Hörandel, J. F. Valdés Galicia, I. De Mitri, Jonathan Blazek, Jose Chinellato, J. Rodriguez Rojo, Fridtjof Feldbusch, A.L. Garcia Vegas, Enrique Zas, I. Lhenry-Yvon, C. Trimarelli, Gaia Silli, A. Filipčič, A.D. Supanitsky, Philipp Papenbreer, Claudio Galelli, A. Weindl, M. Suárez-Durán, J. Stasielak, T. Huege, Hernán Gonzalo Asorey, L. Nellen, L. Anchordoqui, Alena Bakalova, C. Morello, Miroslav Hrabovský, Petr Travnicek, Trent D. Grubb, G. Parente, Fabrizia Canfora, Fernando Contreras, A. Haungs, Juan Manuel Figueira, Roberta Colalillo, Paul Sommers, Clara Keiko Oliveira Watanabe, B. García, M. Schimp, A. G. Mariazzi, R. López, Karen S. Caballero-Mora, H. Wilczyński, Ioana Caracas, A. Letessier-Selvon, Lorenzo Cazon, C. Pérez Bertolli, F. Sanchez, F. Sarazin, S. Petrera, Marc Weber, David Schmidt, G. Farrar, L. Zehrer, J. de Oliveira, Alejandro Almela, P. Mantsch, Z. Szadkowski, M. Schimassek, C. Hojvat, Jan Ebr, Jacco Vink, Peter L. Biermann, L. Bonneau Arbeletche, Maximilian Reininghaus, Paolo Privitera, M. A. Leigui de Oliveira, Jaime Alvarez-Muñiz, Alexandru Gherghel-Lascu, Martin Erdmann, J. de Jesús, A. Taboada, G. Marsella, E. M. Santos, A. Gorgi, H.O. Klages, B. C. Manning, Dariusz Gora, Bjarni Pont, Thomas Bretz, Petr Janecek, Corbin Covault, Matías Rolf Hampel, Frank G. Schröder, R. Squartini, Alfred Müller, P.F. Gómez Vitale, A. Streich, Gioacchino Alex Anastasi, M. Wirtz, David Wittkowski, G. Salina, Roger W Clay, Olivier Deligny, W. M. Namasaka, M. Mastrodicasa, A. C. Rovero, Alexandru Balaceanu, A. A. Nucita, Alan Coleman, Lino Miramonti, S. J. Saffi, Lukáš Vaclavek, J. F. Soriano, D. de Oliveira Franco, R. Alves Batista, Bruce R. Dawson, Octavian Sima, Ana Martina Botti, Jeffrey Brack, Olaf Scholten, P.O. Mazur, K.-H. Becker, Maria Rita Coluccia, Dusan Mandat, Francesco Fenu, Humberto Ibarguen Salazar, M. Pimenta, Tomáš Fodran, Alina Nasr-Esfahani, P.R. Araújo Ferreira, Tobias Winchen, G. Mancarella, B. Keilhauer, Florian Lukas Briechle, Darko Veberič, Ugo Giaccari, S. J. Sciutto, F. Pedreira, Christian Sarmiento-Cano, Raul Sarmento, G. Medina-Tanco, Felix Schlüter, P. Ruehl, Carla Aramo, Vincenzo Rizi, C. J.W.P. Timmermans, Julien Souchard, Jon Paul Lundquist, A. Menshikov, D. Martello, Juan Miguel Carceller, C. M. Schäfer, Markus Roth, Silvia Mollerach, O. Martínez Bravo, Isabel Goos, D. Heck, A. Tapia, Josina Schulte, Peter Hansen, M. del Río, H. Gemmeke, Fabian Gobbi, B. L. Lago, P. Savina, W. Rodrigues de Carvalho, Denise Boncioli, M. Unger, F. Guarino, John Matthews, Peter Buchholz, Marco Aglietta, Miguel Mostafa, E.E. Pereira Martins, Serguei Vorobiov, Martina Bohacova, Miroslav Pech, M. Pothast, J. Hulsman, J. Rautenberg, Pavel Horvath, Q. Luce, Marcus Niechciol, Juan Pablo Gongora, Paula Gina Isar, Sofia Andringa, Maximilian Stadelmaier, Nataliia Borodai, Marcos Cerda, D. Lo Presti, S. J. De Jong, Samo Stanič, Jarryd A. Day, A. Saftoiu, A.C. Cobos Cerutti, Martin Vacula, J. R. T. de Mello Neto, V. Novotny, V. K.C. Varma, Rossella Caruso, A. Lucero, Fernando Catalani, N. González, Kai Daumiller, Heino Falcke, S. Querchfeld, Olena Tkachenko, Thomas Hebbeker, Sergio Dasso, Tristan Sudholz, J. Šupík, Carlo Ventura, Martín Miguel Freire, V. Pirronello, J. Vicha, Ladislav Chytka, A. Aab, Carla Taricco, Matias Tueros, Luis A. Nunez, T. Suomijärvi, J. Pallotta, Hernan Wahlberg, A. Parra, A. Fuster, M. Trini, P.G. Brichetto Orchera, I. Allekotte, A. C. Fauth, Carla Bonifazi, Jose A. Bellido, Fabio Convenga, I.D. Vergara Quispe, M. Zavrtanik, E. De Vito, Giovanni Consolati, Petr Schovanek, Denis Stanca, Ralf Ulrich, L. Nožka, G. Matthiae, Antonio Bueno, Gualberto Avila, John Farmer, Maria-Teresa Dova, R.C. dos Anjos, Adriana Vásquez-Ramírez, M. Palatka, Jeffrey A. Johnsen, Aab, A., Abreu, P., Aglietta, M., Albury, J. M., Allekotte, I., Almela, A., Alvarez-Mu??iz, J., Alves Batista, R., Anastasi, G. A., Anchordoqui, L., Andrada, B., Andringa, S., Aramo, C., Ara??jo Ferreira, P. R., Arteaga Vel??zquez, J. C., Asorey, H., Assis, P., Avila, G., Badescu, A. M., Bakalova, A., Balaceanu, A., Barbato, F., Barreira Luz, R. J., Becker, K. H., Bellido, J. A., Berat, C., Bertaina, M. E., Bertou, X., Biermann, P. L., Bister, T., Biteau, J., Blazek, J., Bleve, C., Boh????ov??, M., Boncioli, D., Bonifazi, C., Bonneau Arbeletche, L., Borodai, N., Botti, A. M., Brack, J., Bretz, T., Brichetto Orchera, P. G., Briechle, F. L., Buchholz, P., Bueno, A., Buitink, S., Buscemi, M., Caballero-Mora, K. S., Caccianiga, L., Canfora, F., Caracas, I., Carceller, J. M., Caruso, R., Castellina, A., Catalani, F., Cataldi, G., Cazon, L., Cerda, M., Chinellato, J. A., Choi, K., Chudoba, J., Chytka, L., Clay, R. W., Cobos Cerutti, A. C., Colalillo, R., Coleman, A., Coluccia, M. R., Concei????o, R., Condorelli, A., Consolati, G., Contreras, F., Convenga, F., Correia dos Santos, D., Covault, C. E., Dasso, S., Daumiller, K., Dawson, B. R., Day, J. A., de Almeida, R. M., de Jes??s, J., de Jong, S. J., De Mauro, G., de Mello Neto, J. R. T., De Mitri, I., de Oliveira, J., de Oliveira Franco, D., de Palma, F., de Souza, V., De Vito, E., del R??o, M., Deligny, O., Di Matteo, A., Dobrigkeit, C., D'Olivo, J. C., dos Anjos, R. C., Dova, M. T., Ebr, J., Engel, R., Epicoco, I., Erdmann, M., Escobar, C. O., Etchegoyen, A., Falcke, H., Farmer, J., Farrar, G., Fauth, A. C., Fazzini, N., Feldbusch, F., Fenu, F., Fick, B., Figueira, J. M., Filip??i??, A., Fodran, T., Freire, M. M., Fujii, T., Fuster, A., Galea, C., Galelli, C., Garc??a, B., Garcia Vegas, A. L., Gemmeke, H., Gesualdi, F., Gherghel-Lascu, A., Ghia, P. L., Giaccari, U., Giammarchi, M., Giller, M., Glombitza, J., Gobbi, F., Gollan, F., Golup, G., G??mez Berisso, M., G??mez Vitale, P. F., Gongora, J. P., Gonz??lez, J. M., Gonz??lez, N., Goos, I., G??ra, D., Gorgi, A., Gottowik, M., Grubb, T. D., Guarino, F., Guedes, G. P., Guido, E., Hahn, S., Hamal, P., Hampel, M. R., Hansen, P., Harari, D., Harvey, V. M., Haungs, A., Hebbeker, T., Heck, D., Hill, G. C., Hojvat, C., H??randel, J. R., Horvath, P., Hrabovsk??, M., Huege, T., Hulsman, J., Insolia, A., Isar, P. G., Janecek, P., Johnsen, J. A., Jurysek, J., K????p??, A., Kampert, K. H., Keilhauer, B., Kemp, J., Klages, H. O., Kleifges, M., Kleinfeller, J., K??pke, M., Kunka, N., Lago, B. L., Lang, R. G., Langner, N., Leigui de Oliveira, M. A., Lenok, V., Letessier-Selvon, A., Lhenry-Yvon, I., Lo Presti, D., Lopes, L., L??pez, R., Lu, L., Luce, Q., Lucero, A., Lundquist, J. P., Machado Payeras, A., Mancarella, G., Mandat, D., Manning, B. C., Manshanden, J., Mantsch, P., Marafico, S., Mariazzi, A. G., Mari??, I. C., Marsella, G., Martello, D., Martinez, H., Mart??nez Bravo, O., Mastrodicasa, M., Mathes, H. J., Matthews, J., Matthiae, G., Mayotte, E., Mazur, P. O., Medina-Tanco, G., Melo, D., Menshikov, A., Merenda, K. -D., Michal, S., Micheletti, M. I., Miramonti, L., Mollerach, S., Montanet, F., Morello, C., Mostaf??, M., M??ller, A. L., Muller, M. A., Mulrey, K., Mussa, R., Muzio, M., Namasaka, W. M., Nasr-Esfahani, A., Nellen, L., Niculescu-Oglinzanu, M., Niechciol, M., Nitz, D., Nosek, D., Novotny, V., No??ka, L., Nucita, A., N????ez, L. A., Palatka, M., Pallotta, J., Papenbreer, P., Parente, G., Parra, A., Pech, M., Pedreira, F., P??kala, J., Pelayo, R., Pe??a-Rodriguez, J., Pereira Martins, E. E., Perez Armand, J., P??rez Bertolli, C., Perlin, M., Perrone, L., Petrera, S., Pierog, T., Pimenta, M., Pirronello, V., Platino, M., Pont, B., Pothast, M., Privitera, P., Prouza, M., Puyleart, A., Querchfeld, S., Rautenberg, J., Ravignani, D., Reininghaus, M., Ridky, J., Riehn, F., Risse, M., Rizi, V., Rodrigues de Carvalho, W., Rodriguez Rojo, J., Roncoroni, M. J., Roth, M., Roulet, E., Rovero, A. C., Ruehl, P., Saffi, S. J., Saftoiu, A., Salamida, F., Salazar, H., Salina, G., Sanabria Gomez, J. D., S??nchez, F., Santos, E. M., Santos, E., Sarazin, F., Sarmento, R., Sarmiento-Cano, C., Sato, R., Savina, P., Sch??fer, C. M., Scherini, V., Schieler, H., Schimassek, M., Schimp, M., Schl??ter, F., Schmidt, D., Scholten, O., Schov??nek, P., Schr??der, F. G., Schr??der, S., Schulte, J., Sciutto, S. J., Scornavacche, M., Segreto, A., Sehgal, S., Shellard, R. C., Sigl, G., Silli, G., Sima, O., m??da, R., Sommers, P., Soriano, J. F., Souchard, J., Squartini, R., Stadelmaier, M., Stanca, D., Stani??, S., Stasielak, J., Stassi, P., Streich, A., Su??rez-Dur??n, M., Sudholz, T., Suomij??rvi, T., Supanitsky, A. D., up??k, J., Szadkowski, Z., Taboada, A., Tapia, A., Taricco, C., Timmermans, C., Tkachenko, O., Tobiska, P., Todero Peixoto, C. J., Tom??, B., Travaini, A., Travnicek, P., Trimarelli, C., Trini, M., Tueros, M., Ulrich, R., Unger, M., Vaclavek, L., Vacula, M., Galicia, J. F. Vald??s., Valore, L., Varela, E., Varma K. C., V., V??squez-Ram??rez, A., Veberi??, D., Ventura, C., Vergara Quispe, I. D., Verzi, V., Vicha, J., Vink, J., Vorobiov, S., Wahlberg, H., Watanabe, C., Watson, A. A., Weber, M., Weindl, A., Wiencke, L., Wilczy??ski, H., Winchen, T., Wirtz, M., Wittkowski, D., Wundheiler, B., Yushkov, A., Zapparrata, O., Zas, E., Zavrtanik, D., Zavrtanik, M., Zehrer, L., Zepeda, A., High Energy Astrophys. & Astropart. Phys (API, FNWI), Gravitation and Astroparticle Physics Amsterdam, Astronomy and Astrophysics Research Group, Physics, Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Institut de Physique Nucléaire d'Orsay (IPNO), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Énergies (LPNHE (UMR_7585)), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Pierre Auger, Aab A., Abreu P., Aglietta M., Albury J.M., Allekotte I., Almela A., Alvarez-Muniz J., Batista R.A., Anastasi G.A., Anchordoqui L., Andrada B., Andringa S., Aramo C., Ferreira P.R.A., Velazquez J.C.A., Asorey H., Assis P., Avila G., Badescu A.M., Bakalova A., Balaceanu A., Barbato F., Luz R.J.B., Becker K.H., Bellido J.A., Berat C., Bertaina M.E., Bertou X., Biermann P.L., Bister T., Biteau J., Blazek J., Bleve C., Bohacova M., Boncioli D., Bonifazi C., Arbeletche L.B., Borodai N., Botti A.M., Brack J., Bretz T., Orchera P.G.B., Briechle F.L., Buchholz P., Bueno A., Buitink S., Buscemi M., Caballero-Mora K.S., Caccianiga L., Canfora F., Caracas I., Carceller J.M., Caruso R., Castellina A., Catalani F., Cataldi G., Cazon L., Cerda M., Chinellato J.A., Choi K., Chudoba J., Chytka L., Clay R.W., Cerutti A.C.C., Colalillo R., Coleman A., Coluccia M.R., Conceicao R., Condorelli A., Consolati G., Contreras F., Convenga F., dos Santos D.C., Covault C.E., Dasso S., Daumiller K., Dawson B.R., Day J.A., de Almeida R.M., de Jesus J., de Jong S.J., de Mauro G., de Mello Neto J.R.T., de Mitri I., de Oliveira J., de Oliveira Franco D., de Palma F., de Souza V., de Vito E., del Rio M., Deligny O., Di Matteo A., Dobrigkeit C., D'Olivo J.C., dos Anjos R.C., Dova M.T., Ebr J., Engel R., Epicoco I., Erdmann M., Escobar C.O., Etchegoyen A., Falcke H., Farmer J., Farrar G., Fauth A.C., Fazzini N., Feldbusch F., Fenu F., Fick B., Figueira J.M., Filipcic A., Fodran T., Freire M.M., Fujii T., Fuster A., Galea C., Galelli C., Garcia B., Vegas A.L.G., Gemmeke H., Gesualdi F., Gherghel-Lascu A., Ghia P.L., Giaccari U., Giammarchi M., Giller M., Glombitza J., Gobbi F., Gollan F., Golup G., Berisso M.G., Vitale P.F.G., Gongora J.P., Gonzalez J.M., Gonzalez N., Goos I., Gora D., Gorgi A., Gottowik M., Grubb T.D., Guarino F., Guedes G.P., Guido E., Hahn S., Hamal P., Hampel M.R., Hansen P., Harari D., Harvey V.M., Haungs A., Hebbeker T., Heck D., Hill G.C., Hojvat C., Horandel J.R., Horvath P., Hrabovsky M., Huege T., Hulsman J., Insolia A., Isar P.G., Janecek P., Johnsen J.A., Jurysek J., Kaapa A., Kampert K.H., Keilhauer B., Kemp J., Klages H.O., Kleifges M., Kleinfeller J., Kopke M., Kunka N., Lago B.L., Lang R.G., Langner N., de Oliveira M.A.L., Lenok V., Letessier-Selvon A., Lhenry-Yvon I., Presti D.L., Lopes L., Lopez R., Lu L., Luce Q., Lucero A., Lundquist J.P., Payeras A.M., Mancarella G., Mandat D., Manning B.C., Manshanden J., Mantsch P., Marafico S., Mariazzi A.G., Maris I.C., Marsella G., Martello D., Martinez H., Bravo O.M., Mastrodicasa M., Mathes H.J., Matthews J., Matthiae G., Mayotte E., Mazur P.O., Medina-Tanco G., Melo D., Menshikov A., Merenda K.-D., Michal S., Micheletti M.I., Miramonti L., Mollerach S., Montanet F., Morello C., Mostafa M., Muller A.L., Muller M.A., Mulrey K., Mussa R., Muzio M., Namasaka W.M., Nasr-Esfahani A., Nellen L., Niculescu-Oglinzanu M., Niechciol M., Nitz D., Nosek D., Novotny V., Nozka L., Nucita A., Nunez L.A., Palatka M., Pallotta J., Papenbreer P., Parente G., Parra A., Pech M., Pedreira F., Pekala J., Pelayo R., Pena-Rodriguez J., Martins E.E.P., Armand J.P., Bertolli C.P., Perlin M., Perrone L., Petrera S., Pierog T., Pimenta M., Pirronello V., Platino M., Pont B., Pothast M., Privitera P., Prouza M., Puyleart A., Querchfeld S., Rautenberg J., Ravignani D., Reininghaus M., Ridky J., Riehn F., Risse M., Rizi V., Rodrigues de Carvalho W., Rojo J.R., Roncoroni M.J., Roth M., Roulet E., Rovero A.C., Ruehl P., Saffi S.J., Saftoiu A., Salamida F., Salazar H., Salina G., Gomez J.D.S., Sanchez F., Santos E.M., Santos E., Sarazin F., Sarmento R., Sarmiento-Cano C., Sato R., Savina P., Schafer C.M., Scherini V., Schieler H., Schimassek M., Schimp M., Schluter F., Schmidt D., Scholten O., Schovanek P., Schroder F.G., Schroder S., Schulte J., Sciutto S.J., Scornavacche M., Segreto A., Sehgal S., Shellard R.C., Sigl G., Silli G., Sima O., Smida R., Sommers P., Soriano J.F., Souchard J., Squartini R., Stadelmaier M., Stanca D., Stanic S., Stasielak J., Stassi P., Streich A., Suarez-Duran M., Sudholz T., Suomijarvi T., Supanitsky A.D., Supik J., Szadkowski Z., Taboada A., Tapia A., Taricco C., Timmermans C., Tkachenko O., Tobiska P., Peixoto C.J.T., Tome B., Travaini A., Travnicek P., Trimarelli C., Trini M., Tueros M., Ulrich R., Unger M., Vaclavek L., Vacula M., Galicia J.F.V., Valore L., Varela E., Varma V.K.C., Vasquez-Ramirez A., Veberic D., Ventura C., Quispe I.D.V., Verzi V., Vicha J., Vink J., Vorobiov S., Wahlberg H., Watanabe C., Watson A.A., Weber M., Weindl A., Wiencke L., Wilczynski H., Winchen T., Wirtz M., Wittkowski D., Wundheiler B., Yushkov A., Zapparrata O., Zas E., Zavrtanik D., Zavrtanik M., Zehrer L., Zepeda A., Research unit Astroparticle Physics, Alvarez-Muniz, J., Batista, R. A., Ferreira, P. R. A., Velazquez, J. C. A., Luz, R. J. B., Bohacova, M., Arbeletche, L. B., Orchera, P. G. B., Cerutti, A. C. C., Conceicao, R., dos Santos, D. C., de Jesus, J., de Mauro, G., de Mitri, I., de Vito, E., del Rio, M., Filipcic, A., Garcia, B., Vegas, A. L. G., Berisso, M. G., Vitale, P. F. G., Gonzalez, J. M., Gonzalez, N., Gora, D., Horandel, J. R., Hrabovsky, M., Kaapa, A., Kopke, M., de Oliveira, M. A. L., Presti, D. L., Lopez, R., Payeras, A. M., Maris, I. C., Bravo, O. M., Mostafa, M., Muller, A. L., Nozka, L., Nunez, L. A., Pekala, J., Pena-Rodriguez, J., Martins, E. E. P., Armand, J. P., Bertolli, C. P., Rojo, J. R., Gomez, J. D. S., Sanchez, F., Schafer, C. M., Schluter, F., Schovanek, P., Schroder, F. G., Schroder, S., Smida, R., Stanic, S., Suarez-Duran, M., Suomijarvi, T., Supik, J., Peixoto, C. J. T., Tome, B., Galicia, J. F. V., Varma, V. K. C., Vasquez-Ramirez, A., Veberic, D., Quispe, I. D. V., and Wilczynski, H.

Subjects
showers: energy, longitudinal [showers], interaction: model, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Astronomy, Calibration and fitting methods, Cluster finding, Data analysis, Large detector systems for particle and astroparticle physics, Particle identification methods, Pattern recognition, 01 natural sciences, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Auger, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), cluster finding, surface [detector], Observatory, Large detector systems, Instrumentation, Mathematical Physics, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), astro-ph.HE, Physics, Pattern recognition, cluster finding, calibration and fitting methods, Settore FIS/01 - Fisica Sperimentale, model [interaction], Detector, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Data analysi, calibration and fitting methods, energy [showers], observatory, Pattern recognition, cluster finding, calibration and fitting method, astroparticle physics, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, atmosphere [showers], air, neural network, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, UHE [cosmic radiation], FOS: Physical sciences, Cosmic ray, detector: fluorescence, 0103 physical sciences, ddc:530, High Energy Physics, ddc:610, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], cosmic radiation: UHE, structure, particle physics, network: performance, 010306 general physics, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), Ciencias Exactas, Cherenkov radiation, fluorescence [detector], Pierre Auger Observatory, mass spectrum [nucleus], showers: atmosphere, detector: surface, hep-ex, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Física, resolution, calibration, Computational physics, performance [network], Cherenkov counter, Air shower, Large detector systems for particle and astroparticle physic, Experimental High Energy Physics, High Energy Physics::Experiment, nucleus: mass spectrum, showers: longitudinal, RAIOS CÓSMICOS, Energy (signal processing), astro-ph.IM
Abstract

The atmospheric depth of the air shower maximum $X_{\mathrm{max}}$ is an observable commonly used for the determination of the nuclear mass composition of ultra-high energy cosmic rays. Direct measurements of $X_{\mathrm{max}}$ are performed using observations of the longitudinal shower development with fluorescence telescopes. At the same time, several methods have been proposed for an indirect estimation of $X_{\mathrm{max}}$ from the characteristics of the shower particles registered with surface detector arrays. In this paper, we present a deep neural network (DNN) for the estimation of $X_{\mathrm{max}}$. The reconstruction relies on the signals induced by shower particles in the ground based water-Cherenkov detectors of the Pierre Auger Observatory. The network architecture features recurrent long short-term memory layers to process the temporal structure of signals and hexagonal convolutions to exploit the symmetry of the surface detector array. We evaluate the performance of the network using air showers simulated with three different hadronic interaction models. Thereafter, we account for long-term detector effects and calibrate the reconstructed $X_{\mathrm{max}}$ using fluorescence measurements. Finally, we show that the event-by-event resolution in the reconstruction of the shower maximum improves with increasing shower energy and reaches less than $25~\mathrm{g/cm^{2}}$ at energies above $2\times 10^{19}~\mathrm{eV}$., Published version, 29 pages, 12 figures

Published
2021

30. The energy spectrum of cosmic rays beyond the turn-down around 1017 eV as measured with the surface detector of the Pierre Auger Observatory

Author

A. C. Fauth, Vladimir Lenok, L. Perrone, M. I. Micheletti, M. Risse, Jonathan Blazek, Alessio Gorgi, Carla Bonifazi, Jose A. Bellido, Fabio Convenga, Marvin Gottowik, G. Matthiae, Brian Fick, Orazio Zapparrata, Antonio Bueno, Carola Dobrigkeit, M. Muzio, G. Parente, D. Melo, J. Rautenberg, M. E. Bertaina, Abha Khakurdikar, P. Abreu, Fabrizia Canfora, D. Ravignani, L. Bonneau Arbeletche, L. Zehrer, Q. Luce, M. Schimassek, C. Hojvat, Jan Ebr, Alan Watson, I.D. Vergara Quispe, G. P. Guedes, Toshihiro Fujii, Jakub Juryšek, Petr Hamal, Steffen Hahn, Juan Carlos D'Olivo, T. Pierog, Eric Mayotte, Esteban Roulet, M. Gómez Berisso, R. C. Shellard, Justin M. Albury, P. L. Ghia, Gualberto Avila, Sara Martinelli, M. Perlin, Mihai Niculescu-Oglinzanu, Zoé Torrès, Dariusz Gora, B. Tome, Josina Schulte, Maximilian Stadelmaier, F. Riehn, Marina Scornavacche, Jonathan Biteau, K. H. Kampert, J. C. Arteaga Velázquez, Ioana Codrina Maris, Octavian Sima, J. de Oliveira, R. Conceição, Alejandro Almela, Jacco Vink, H.O. Klages, Alan Coleman, Peter Hansen, F. Guarino, John Matthews, Peter Buchholz, J. F. Valdés Galicia, L. Valore, D. Nitz, W. M. Namasaka, A. C. Rovero, S. J. Saffi, Isabel Goos, D. Heck, Jeffrey A. Johnsen, Miroslav Hrabovský, A. Haungs, Julien Manshanden, V. V. Kizakke Covilakam, Andres Travaini, A. Segreto, Günter Sigl, D. Nosek, E. Santos, A. A. Nucita, I. De Mitri, R. Sato, M. del Río, P. Stassi, Hernan Wahlberg, Radomir Smida, Mario Buscemi, John Farmer, F. Fenu, A. Machado Payeras, Violet M. Harvey, D. Harari, Marcel Köpke, M. Platino, G. C. Hill, P. Mantsch, D. Lo Presti, S. J. De Jong, Alexandru Balaceanu, Z. Szadkowski, E. Varela, J.D. Sanabria Gomez, Roberto Mussa, Marco Aglietta, Julian Kemp, Paul Sommers, Srijan Sehgal, Jorge F. Soriano, Thomas Hebbeker, Fernando Gollan, Max Büsken, Sergio Dasso, Tristan Sudholz, Martín Miguel Freire, M. A. Leigui de Oliveira, F. Pedreira, V. de Souza, Carla Aramo, Vincenzo Rizi, J. Perez Armand, Maria-Teresa Dova, M. R. Hampel, Pierre Billoir, A. Puyleart, Corinne Berat, Julien Souchard, Thomas Fitoussi, D. Martello, Alena Bakalova, Jarryd A. Day, A. Saftoiu, Ralph Engel, J. Ridky, A. Parra, M. Zavrtanik, L. R. Wiencke, Niklas Langner, Alex Kääpä, Marcio Aparecido Muller, Martina Bohacova, Giovanni Mancarella, O. Martínez Bravo, K. Mulrey, F. Sánchez, Miroslav Pech, V. Pirronello, Raul Sarmento, Felix Schlüter, Fabian Gobbi, Sullivan Marafico, Juan Pablo Gongora, Alina Mihaela Badescu, A. Weindl, Cristina Galea, François Montanet, M. Pothast, A.C. Cobos Cerutti, F. de Palma, E. De Vito, Darko Veberič, M. Suárez-Durán, Pavel Horvath, Claudio Galelli, M. Prouza, P. Ruehl, Marco Giammarchi, Clara Keiko Oliveira Watanabe, Flavia Gesualdi, J. R. T. de Mello Neto, Carla Taricco, Carla Bleve, Rodrigo Guedes Lang, R. M. de Almeida, T. Huege, Jeffrey Brack, Matias Tueros, G. Golup, Humberto Ibarguen Salazar, Eleonora Guido, Giovanni Consolati, Frank G. Schröder, N. Kunka, Maria Rita Coluccia, Maximilian Reininghaus, P. Tobiska, B. Andrada, K.-H. Becker, M. Pimenta, Silvia Mollerach, T. Bister, G. Marsella, H. Schieler, Jesús Peña-Rodríguez, P.G. Brichetto Orchera, David Wittkowski, G. Salina, Olivier Deligny, D. Correia dos Santos, Rodrigo Pelayo, Antonella Castellina, Stijn Buitink, V. Novotny, Luis A. Nunez, J. Stasielak, Jannis Pawlowsky, Rossella Caruso, Fernando Catalani, D. D. dos Santos, Sofia Andringa, R.C. dos Anjos, N. Fazzini, David Schmidt, Adriana Vásquez-Ramírez, Jonas Glombitza, F. C. T. Barbato, I. Allekotte, M. J. Roncoroni, Caterina Trimarelli, P.R. Araújo Ferreira, S. Schröder, Italo Epicoco, A. L. Müller, Tomáš Fodran, Alina Nasr-Esfahani, Thomas Bretz, Miguel Mostafa, Daniela Mockler, Petr Schovanek, L. Lopes, A. Di Matteo, R. Squartini, Florian Lukas Briechle, Petr Janecek, Corbin Covault, T. Suomijärvi, J. Pallotta, Juan Manuel González, G. De Mauro, M. Palatka, Gaia Silli, A. Tapia, A. Filipčič, Jörg R. Hörandel, L. Lu, Jaime Alvarez-Muñiz, Alexandru Gherghel-Lascu, J. Chudoba, M. Schimp, G. Cataldi, Ugo Giaccari, B. Wundheiler, Martin Vacula, Christian Sarmiento-Cano, W. Rodrigues de Carvalho, Virginia Binet, Luis A. Anchordoqui, Massimo Mastrodicasa, F. Sarazin, Lino Miramonti, B. C. Manning, H. Gemmeke, Jon Paul Lundquist, Markus Roth, A. M. Botti, M. Unger, S. Petrera, H. J. Mathes, Marc Weber, Stanislav Michal, Dusan Mandat, V. Scherini, Philipp Papenbreer, Jose Chinellato, Heino Falcke, D. de Oliveira Franco, Samo Stanič, A. Menshikov, Denis Stanca, Lukáš Vaclavek, R.J. Barreira Luz, Petr Travnicek, A. Fuster, I. Lhenry-Yvon, Denise Boncioli, L. Nellen, B. García, Bjarni Pont, B. Keilhauer, C. M. Schäfer, J. Kleinfeller, Ioana Caracas, J. Rodriguez Rojo, J. Vicha, Trent D. Grubb, A. Letessier-Selvon, Serguei Vorobiov, R. López, Karen S. Caballero-Mora, Lorenzo Cazon, C. Pérez Bertolli, N. González, P. Savina, G. Medina-Tanco, Nataliia Borodai, Marcus Niechciol, Fridtjof Feldbusch, Enrique Zas, André Schulz, Juan Manuel Figueira, Roberta Colalillo, S. J. Sciutto, C. J.W.P. Timmermans, C. Morello, L. M. Domingues Mendes, Carlos Escobar, A. G. Mariazzi, Kevin-Druis Merenda, Kai Daumiller, Ralf Ulrich, Martin Erdmann, Fernando Contreras, Juan Miguel Carceller, Xavier Bertou, G. Farrar, Nikolaos Karastathis, Antonio Condorelli, Peter L. Biermann, S. Querchfeld, Olena Tkachenko, Marcos Cerda, Pedro Assis, H. Martinez, J. de Jesús, A. Streich, Gioacchino Alex Anastasi, C. J. Todero Peixoto, A. Insolia, A. Etchegoyen, M. Kleifges, D. Zavrtanik, A.D. Supanitsky, J. Pȩkala, A.L. Garcia Vegas, M. Wirtz, Roger W Clay, Paolo Privitera, Carlo Ventura, F. Salamida, A. Yushkov, Ladislav Chytka, L. Nožka, Lorenzo Caccianiga, P.F. Gómez Vitale, Hernán Asorey, H. Wilczyński, E. M. Santos, Valerio Verzi, Kathrin Bismark, O. Scholten, R. Alves Batista, Bruce R. Dawson, P.O. Mazur, B. L. Lago, E.E. Pereira Martins, Paula Gina Isar, High Energy Astrophys. & Astropart. Phys (API, FNWI), Abreu, P., Aglietta, M., Albury, J. M., Allekotte, I., Almela, A., Alvarez-Muniz, J., Alves Batista, R., Anastasi, G. A., Anchordoqui, L., Andrada, B., Andringa, S., Aramo, C., Araujo Ferreira, P. R., Arteaga Velazquez, J. C., Asorey, H., Assis, P., Avila, G., Badescu, A. M., Bakalova, A., Balaceanu, A., Barbato, F., Barreira Luz, R. J., Becker, K. H., Bellido, J. A., Berat, C., Bertaina, M. E., Bertou, X., Biermann, P. L., Billoir, P., Binet, V., Bismark, K., Bister, T., Biteau, J., Blazek, J., Bleve, C., Bohacova, M., Boncioli, D., Bonifazi, C., Bonneau Arbeletche, L., Borodai, N., Botti, A. M., Brack, J., Bretz, T., Brichetto Orchera, P. G., Briechle, F. L., Buchholz, P., Bueno, A., Buitink, S., Buscemi, M., Busken, M., Caballero-Mora, K. S., Caccianiga, L., Canfora, F., Caracas, I., Carceller, J. M., Caruso, R., Castellina, A., Catalani, F., Cataldi, G., Cazon, L., Cerda, M., Chinellato, J. A., Chudoba, J., Chytka, L., Clay, R. W., Cobos Cerutti, A. C., Colalillo, R., Coleman, A., Coluccia, M. R., Conceicao, R., Condorelli, A., Consolati, G., Contreras, F., Convenga, F., Correia dos Santos, D., Covault, C. E., Dasso, S., Daumiller, K., Dawson, B. R., Day, J. A., de Almeida, R. M., de Jesus, J., de Jong, S. J., De Mauro, G., de Mello Neto, J. R. T., De Mitri, I., de Oliveira, J., de Oliveira Franco, D., de Palma, F., de Souza, V., De Vito, E., del Rio, M., Deligny, O., Di Matteo, A., Dobrigkeit, C., D'Olivo, J. C., Domingues Mendes, L. M., dos Anjos, R. C., dos Santos, D., Dova, M. T., Ebr, J., Engel, R., Epicoco, I., Erdmann, M., Escobar, C. O., Etchegoyen, A., Falcke, H., Farmer, J., Farrar, G., Fauth, A. C., Fazzini, N., Feldbusch, F., Fenu, F., Fick, B., Figueira, J. M., Filipcic, A., Fitoussi, T., Fodran, T., Freire, M. M., Fujii, T., Fuster, A., Galea, C., Galelli, C., Garcia, B., Garcia Vegas, A. L., Gemmeke, H., Gesualdi, F., Gherghel-Lascu, A., Ghia, P. L., Giaccari, U., Giammarchi, M., Glombitza, J., Gobbi, F., Gollan, F., Golup, G., Gomez Berisso, M., Gomez Vitale, P. F., Gongora, J. P., Gonzalez, J. M., Gonzalez, N., Goos, I., Gora, D., Gorgi, A., Gottowik, M., Grubb, T. D., Guarino, F., Guedes, G. P., Guido, E., Hahn, S., Hamal, P., Hampel, M. R., Hansen, P., Harari, D., Harvey, V. M., Haungs, A., Hebbeker, T., Heck, D., Hill, G. C., Hojvat, C., Horandel, J. R., Horvath, P., Hrabovsky, M., Huege, T., Insolia, A., Isar, P. G., Janecek, P., Johnsen, J. A., Jurysek, J., Kaapa, A., Kampert, K. H., Karastathis, N., Keilhauer, B., Kemp, J., Khakurdikar, A., Kizakke Covilakam, V. V., Klages, H. O., Kleifges, M., Kleinfeller, J., Kopke, M., Kunka, N., Lago, B. L., Lang, R. G., Langner, N., Leigui de Oliveira, M. A., Lenok, V., Letessier-Selvon, A., Lhenry-Yvon, I., Lo Presti, D., Lopes, L., Lopez, R., Lu, L., Luce, Q., Lundquist, J. P., Machado Payeras, A., Mancarella, G., Mandat, D., Manning, B. C., Manshanden, J., Mantsch, P., Marafico, S., Mariazzi, A. G., Maris, I. C., Marsella, G., Martello, D., Martinelli, S., Martinez, H., Martinez Bravo, O., Mastrodicasa, M., Mathes, H. J., Matthews, J., Matthiae, G., Mayotte, E., Mazur, P. O., Medina-Tanco, G., Melo, D., Menshikov, A., Merenda, K. -D., Michal, S., Micheletti, M. I., Miramonti, L., Mockler, D., Mollerach, S., Montanet, F., Morello, C., Mostafa, M., Muller, A. L., Muller, M. A., Mulrey, K., Mussa, R., Muzio, M., Namasaka, W. M., Nasr-Esfahani, A., Nellen, L., Niculescu-Oglinzanu, M., Niechciol, M., Nitz, D., Nosek, D., Novotny, V., Nozka, L., Nucita, A., Nunez, L. A., Palatka, M., Pallotta, J., Papenbreer, P., Parente, G., Parra, A., Pawlowsky, J., Pech, M., Pedreira, F., Pekala, J., Pelayo, R., Pena-Rodriguez, J., Pereira Martins, E. E., Perez Armand, J., Perez Bertolli, C., Perlin, M., Perrone, L., Petrera, S., Pierog, T., Pimenta, M., Pirronello, V., Platino, M., Pont, B., Pothast, M., Privitera, P., Prouza, M., Puyleart, A., Querchfeld, S., Rautenberg, J., Ravignani, D., Reininghaus, M., Ridky, J., Riehn, F., Risse, M., Rizi, V., Rodrigues de Carvalho, W., Rodriguez Rojo, J., Roncoroni, M. J., Roth, M., Roulet, E., Rovero, A. C., Ruehl, P., Saffi, S. J., Saftoiu, A., Salamida, F., Salazar, H., Salina, G., Sanabria Gomez, J. D., Sanchez, F., Santos, E. M., Santos, E., Sarazin, F., Sarmento, R., Sarmiento-Cano, C., Sato, R., Savina, P., Schafer, C. M., Scherini, V., Schieler, H., Schimassek, M., Schimp, M., Schluter, F., Schmidt, D., Scholten, O., Schovanek, P., Schroder, F. G., Schroder, S., Schulte, J., Schulz, A., Sciutto, S. J., Scornavacche, M., Segreto, A., Sehgal, S., Shellard, R. C., Sigl, G., Silli, G., Sima, O., Smida, R., Sommers, P., Soriano, J. F., Souchard, J., Squartini, R., Stadelmaier, M., Stanca, D., Stanic, S., Stasielak, J., Stassi, P., Streich, A., Suarez-Duran, M., Sudholz, T., Suomijarvi, T., Supanitsky, A. D., Szadkowski, Z., Tapia, A., Taricco, C., Timmermans, C., Tkachenko, O., Tobiska, P., Todero Peixoto, C. J., Tome, B., Torres, Z., Travaini, A., Travnicek, P., Trimarelli, C., Tueros, M., Ulrich, R., Unger, M., Vaclavek, L., Vacula, M., Valdes Galicia, J. F., Valore, L., Varela, E., Vasquez-Ramirez, A., Veberic, D., Ventura, C., Vergara Quispe, I. D., Verzi, V., Vicha, J., Vink, J., Vorobiov, S., Wahlberg, H., Watanabe, C., Watson, A. A., Weber, M., Weindl, A., Wiencke, L., Wilczynski, H., Wirtz, M., Wittkowski, D., Wundheiler, B., Yushkov, A., Zapparrata, O., Zas, E., Zavrtanik, D., Zavrtanik, M., Zehrer, L., Physics, Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Laboratoire de Physique des 2 Infinis Irène Joliot-Curie (IJCLab), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Énergies (LPNHE (UMR_7585)), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Pierre Auger, Abreu P., Aglietta M., Albury J.M., Allekotte I., Almela A., Alvarez-Muniz J., Alves Batista R., Anastasi G.A., Anchordoqui L., Andrada B., Andringa S., Aramo C., Araujo Ferreira P.R., Arteaga Velazquez J.C., Asorey H., Assis P., Avila G., Badescu A.M., Bakalova A., Balaceanu A., Barbato F., Barreira Luz R.J., Becker K.H., Bellido J.A., Berat C., Bertaina M.E., Bertou X., Biermann P.L., Billoir P., Binet V., Bismark K., Bister T., Biteau J., Blazek J., Bleve C., Bohacova M., Boncioli D., Bonifazi C., Bonneau Arbeletche L., Borodai N., Botti A.M., Brack J., Bretz T., Brichetto Orchera P.G., Briechle F.L., Buchholz P., Bueno A., Buitink S., Buscemi M., Busken M., Caballero-Mora K.S., Caccianiga L., Canfora F., Caracas I., Carceller J.M., Caruso R., Castellina A., Catalani F., Cataldi G., Cazon L., Cerda M., Chinellato J.A., Chudoba J., Chytka L., Clay R.W., Cobos Cerutti A.C., Colalillo R., Coleman A., Coluccia M.R., Conceicao R., Condorelli A., Consolati G., Contreras F., Convenga F., Correia dos Santos D., Covault C.E., Dasso S., Daumiller K., Dawson B.R., Day J.A., de Almeida R.M., de Jesus J., de Jong S.J., De Mauro G., de Mello Neto J.R.T., De Mitri I., de Oliveira J., de Oliveira Franco D., de Palma F., de Souza V., De Vito E., del Rio M., Deligny O., Di Matteo A., Dobrigkeit C., D'Olivo J.C., Domingues Mendes L.M., dos Anjos R.C., dos Santos D., Dova M.T., Ebr J., Engel R., Epicoco I., Erdmann M., Escobar C.O., Etchegoyen A., Falcke H., Farmer J., Farrar G., Fauth A.C., Fazzini N., Feldbusch F., Fenu F., Fick B., Figueira J.M., Filipcic A., Fitoussi T., Fodran T., Freire M.M., Fujii T., Fuster A., Galea C., Galelli C., Garcia B., Garcia Vegas A.L., Gemmeke H., Gesualdi F., Gherghel-Lascu A., Ghia P.L., Giaccari U., Giammarchi M., Glombitza J., Gobbi F., Gollan F., Golup G., Gomez Berisso M., Gomez Vitale P.F., Gongora J.P., Gonzalez J.M., Gonzalez N., Goos I., Gora D., Gorgi A., Gottowik M., Grubb T.D., Guarino F., Guedes G.P., Guido E., Hahn S., Hamal P., Hampel M.R., Hansen P., Harari D., Harvey V.M., Haungs A., Hebbeker T., Heck D., Hill G.C., Hojvat C., Horandel J.R., Horvath P., Hrabovsky M., Huege T., Insolia A., Isar P.G., Janecek P., Johnsen J.A., Jurysek J., Kaapa A., Kampert K.H., Karastathis N., Keilhauer B., Kemp J., Khakurdikar A., Kizakke Covilakam V.V., Klages H.O., Kleifges M., Kleinfeller J., Kopke M., Kunka N., Lago B.L., Lang R.G., Langner N., Leigui de Oliveira M.A., Lenok V., Letessier-Selvon A., Lhenry-Yvon I., Lo Presti D., Lopes L., Lopez R., Lu L., Luce Q., Lundquist J.P., Machado Payeras A., Mancarella G., Mandat D., Manning B.C., Manshanden J., Mantsch P., Marafico S., Mariazzi A.G., Maris I.C., Marsella G., Martello D., Martinelli S., Martinez H., Martinez Bravo O., Mastrodicasa M., Mathes H.J., Matthews J., Matthiae G., Mayotte E., Mazur P.O., Medina-Tanco G., Melo D., Menshikov A., Merenda K.-D., Michal S., Micheletti M.I., Miramonti L., Mockler D., Mollerach S., Montanet F., Morello C., Mostafa M., Muller A.L., Muller M.A., Mulrey K., Mussa R., Muzio M., Namasaka W.M., Nasr-Esfahani A., Nellen L., Niculescu-Oglinzanu M., Niechciol M., Nitz D., Nosek D., Novotny V., Nozka L., Nucita A., Nunez L.A., Palatka M., Pallotta J., Papenbreer P., Parente G., Parra A., Pawlowsky J., Pech M., Pedreira F., Pekala J., Pelayo R., Pena-Rodriguez J., Pereira Martins E.E., Perez Armand J., Perez Bertolli C., Perlin M., Perrone L., Petrera S., Pierog T., Pimenta M., Pirronello V., Platino M., Pont B., Pothast M., Privitera P., Prouza M., Puyleart A., Querchfeld S., Rautenberg J., Ravignani D., Reininghaus M., Ridky J., Riehn F., Risse M., Rizi V., Rodrigues de Carvalho W., Rodriguez Rojo J., Roncoroni M.J., Roth M., Roulet E., Rovero A.C., Ruehl P., Saffi S.J., Saftoiu A., Salamida F., Salazar H., Salina G., Sanabria Gomez J.D., Sanchez F., Santos E.M., Santos E., Sarazin F., Sarmento R., Sarmiento-Cano C., Sato R., Savina P., Schafer C.M., Scherini V., Schieler H., Schimassek M., Schimp M., Schluter F., Schmidt D., Scholten O., Schovanek P., Schroder F.G., Schroder S., Schulte J., Schulz A., Sciutto S.J., Scornavacche M., Segreto A., Sehgal S., Shellard R.C., Sigl G., Silli G., Sima O., Smida R., Sommers P., Soriano J.F., Souchard J., Squartini R., Stadelmaier M., Stanca D., Stanic S., Stasielak J., Stassi P., Streich A., Suarez-Duran M., Sudholz T., Suomijarvi T., Supanitsky A.D., Szadkowski Z., Tapia A., Taricco C., Timmermans C., Tkachenko O., Tobiska P., Todero Peixoto C.J., Tome B., Torres Z., Travaini A., Travnicek P., Trimarelli C., Tueros M., Ulrich R., Unger M., Vaclavek L., Vacula M., Valdes Galicia J.F., Valore L., Varela E., Vasquez-Ramirez A., Veberic D., Ventura C., Vergara Quispe I.D., Verzi V., Vicha J., Vink J., Vorobiov S., Wahlberg H., Watanabe C., Watson A.A., Weber M., Weindl A., Wiencke L., Wilczynski H., Wirtz M., Wittkowski D., Wundheiler B., Yushkov A., Zapparrata O., Zas E., Zavrtanik D., Zavrtanik M., and Zehrer L.

Subjects
Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous), Astronomy, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, UHE [cosmic radiation], FOS: Physical sciences, Flux, Cosmic ray, Astrophysics, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, detector: fluorescence, Auger, cosmic rays, surface [detector], Observatory, 0103 physical sciences, calorimeter, ddc:530, High Energy Physics, cosmic radiation: UHE, spectrum [cosmic radiation], 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Engineering (miscellaneous), Engineering & allied operations, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), fluorescence [detector], Pierre Auger Observatory, Physics, astro-ph.HE, cosmic radiation: energy spectrum, cosmic radiation: spectrum, detector: surface, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Settore FIS/01 - Fisica Sperimentale, Detector, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Calorimeter, flux, observatory, spectral, ddc:620, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, energy spectrum [cosmic radiation], Energy (signal processing), RAIOS CÓSMICOS, ultra-high energy cosmic rays, energy spectrum features
Abstract

The successful installation, commissioning, and operation of the Pierre Auger Observatory would not have been possible without the strong commitment and effort from the technical and administrative staff in Malargüe. We are very grateful to the following agencies and organizations for financial support: Argentina – Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica; Agencia Nacional de Promoción Científica y Tecnológica (ANPCyT); Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET); Gobierno de la Provincia de Mendoza; Municipalidad de Malargüe; NDM Holdings and Valle Las Leñas; in gratitude for their continuing cooperation over land access; Australia – the Australian Research Council; Belgium – Fonds de la Recherche Scientifique (FNRS); Research Foundation Flanders (FWO); Brazil – Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq); Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos (FINEP); Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Rio de Janeiro (FAPERJ); São Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP) Grants No. 2019/10151-2, No. 2010/07359-6 and No. 1999/05404-3; Ministério da Ciência, Tecnologia, Inovações e Comunicações (MCTIC); Czech Republic – Grant No. MSMT CR LTT18004, LM2015038, LM2018102, CZ.02.1.01/0.0/0.0/16_013/0001402, CZ.02.1.01/0.0/0.0/18_046/0016010 and CZ.02.1.01/0.0/0.0/17_049/0008422; France – Centre de Calcul IN2P3/CNRS; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Conseil Régional Ile-de-France; Département Physique Nucléaire et Corpusculaire (PNC-IN2P3/CNRS); Département Sciences de l’Univers (SDU-INSU/CNRS); Institut Lagrange de Paris (ILP) Grant No. LABEX ANR-10-LABX-63 within the Investissements d’Avenir Programme Grant No. ANR-11-IDEX-0004-02; Germany – Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung (BMBF); Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG); Finanzministerium Baden-Württemberg; Helmholtz Alliance for Astroparticle Physics (HAP); Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft Deutscher Forschungszentren (HGF); Ministerium für Innovation, Wissenschaft und Forschung des Landes Nordrhein-Westfalen; Ministerium für Wissenschaft, Forschung und Kunst des Landes Baden-Württemberg; Italy – Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN); Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF); Ministero dell’Istruzione, dell’Universitá e della Ricerca (MIUR); CETEMPS Center of Excellence; Ministero degli Affari Esteri (MAE); México – Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (CONACYT) No. 167733; Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM); PAPIIT DGAPA-UNAM; The Netherlands – Ministry of Education, Culture and Science; Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research (NWO); Dutch national e-infrastructure with the support of SURF Cooperative; Poland -Ministry of Science and Higher Education, grant No. DIR/WK/2018/11; National Science Centre, Grants No. 2013/08/M/ST9/00322, No. 2016/23/B/ST9/01635 and No. HARMONIA 5–2013/10/M/ST9/00062, UMO-2016/22/M/ST9/00198; Portugal – Portuguese national funds and FEDER funds within Programa Operacional Factores de Competitividade through Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (COMPETE); Romania – Romanian Ministry of Education and Research, the Program Nucleu within MCI (PN19150201/16N/2019 and PN19060102) and project PN-III-P1-1.2-PCCDI-2017-0839/19PCCDI/2018 within PNCDI III; Slovenia – Slovenian Research Agency, grants P1-0031, P1-0385, I0-0033, N1-0111; Spain – Ministerio de Economía, Industria y Competitividad (FPA2017-85114-P and PID2019-104676GB-C32), Xunta de Galicia (ED431C 2017/07), Junta de Andalucía (SOMM17/6104/UGR, P18-FR-4314) Feder Funds, RENATA Red Nacional Temática de Astropartículas (FPA2015-68783-REDT) and María de Maeztu Unit of Excellence (MDM-2016-0692); USA – Department of Energy, Contracts No. DE-AC02-07CH11359, No. DE-FR02-04ER41300, No. DE-FG02-99ER41107 and No. DE-SC0011689; National Science Foundation, Grant No. 0450696; The Grainger Foundation; Marie Curie-IRSES/EPLANET; European Particle Physics Latin American Network; University of Delaware Research Foundation (UDRF) – 2019; and UNESCO., We present a measurement of the cosmic-ray spectrum above 100 PeV using the part of the surface detector of the Pierre Auger Observatory that has a spacing of 750 m. An inflection of the spectrum is observed, confirming the presence of the so-called second-knee feature. The spectrum is then combined with that of the 1500 m array to produce a single measurement of the flux, linking this spectral feature with the three additional breaks at the highest energies. The combined spectrum, with an energy scale set calorimetrically via fluorescence telescopes and using a single detector type, results in the most statistically and systematically precise measurement of spectral breaks yet obtained. These measurements are critical for furthering our understanding of the highest energy cosmic rays., ANR-10-LABX-63 ANR-11-IDEX-0004-02, Belgium – Fonds de la Recherche Scientifique, Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica, Département Physique Nucléaire et Corpusculaire PNC-IN2P3/CNRS, Département Sciences de l’Univers, Feder Funds, María de Maeztu Unit of Excellence MDM-2016-0692, Ministero degli Affari Esteri, RENATA Red Nacional Temática de Astropartículas FPA2015-68783-REDT, SURF, National Science Foundation 0450696, U.S. Department of Energy DE-AC02-07CH11359, DE-FG02-99ER41107, DE-FR02-04ER41300, DE-SC0011689, University of Delaware Research Foundation, United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization, Australian Research Council, Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft, Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo 1999/05404-3, 2010/07359-6, 2019/10151-2, Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia, Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung, Fonds De La Recherche Scientifique - FNRS, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Agencia Nacional de Promoción Científica y Tecnológica, Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek, Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología 167733, Ministerie van Onderwijs, Cultuur en Wetenschap, Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek, Ministero dell’Istruzione, dell’Università e della Ricerca, Ministerium für Wissenschaft, Forschung und Kunst Baden-Württemberg, Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico, Conseil Régional, Île-de-France, Instituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Narodowe Centrum Nauki 2013/08/M/ST9/00322, 2013/10/M/ST9/00062, 2016/23/B/ST9/01635, UMO-2016/22/M/ST9/00198, Javna Agencija za Raziskovalno Dejavnost RS I0-0033, N1-0111, P1-0031, P1-0385, Ministerstwo Edukacji i Nauki DIR/WK/2018/11, Fundação Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos, Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ministry of Education and Research, Romania PN-III-P1-1.2-PCCDI-2017-0839/19PCCDI/2018, PN19060102, PN19150201/16N/2019, European Regional Development Fund, Ministerium für Innovation, Wissenschaft und Forschung des Landes Nordrhein-Westfalen, Ministerio de Economía, Industria y Competitividad, Gobierno de España FPA2017-85114-P, PID2019-104676GB-C32, Xunta de Galicia ED431C 2017/07, Junta de Andalucía P18-FR-4314, Ministério da Ciência, Tecnologia, Inovações e Comunicações CZ.02.1.01/0.0/0.0/16_013/0001402, CZ.02.1.01/0.0/0.0/17_049/0008422, CZ.02.1.01/0.0/0.0/18_046/0016010, LM2015038, LM2018102, MSMT CR LTT18004, Programa Operacional Temático Factores de Competitividade, Institut Lagrange de Paris

Published
2021

31. Study of scintillation light collection, production and propagation in a 4 tonne dual-phase LArTPC

Author

P. Lutz, K. Sakashita, F. Dulucq, L. Periale, F. Noto, Kai Loo, N. Lira, Wladyslaw Henryk Trzaska, J. Marteau, Y. Karyotakis, D. Mladenov, G. Martin-Chassard, G. Lehmann-Miotto, Marzio Nessi, D. Lorca, J. Bremer, Enrique Calvo, M. Kurokawa, C. Regenfus, Antonio Ereditato, N. Geffroy, F. Duval, K. Fusshoeller, Ionel Lazanu, G. Brunetti, K. Negishi, C. Drancourt, A. Scarpelli, V. Toboaru, A. Tonazzo, F. Pietropaolo, T. Hasegawa, A. Gendotti, F. Vannucci, L. Zambelli, K. Nakayoshi, A. Gallego-Ros, F. Doizon, V. Aushev, T. Patzak, C. Cantini, J. Asaadi, E. Pennacchio, André Rubbia, J. Soto-Oton, I. Gil-Botella, L. Balleyguier, Masatoshi Maki, Denis Stanca, S. Bordoni, T. Viant, S. Horikawa, A. Chiriacescuf, A. Falcone, K. Sendai, S. Murphy, B. Aimard, A. Delbart, D. Caiulo, N. Bourgeois, S. Vilalte, B.M. Cautisanu, G. Maire, D. Stefan, L. Brunetti, I. Kreslo, S. Wu, Marc Weber, K. Cankocak, Mihai Niculescu-Oglinzanu, D. Redondo, J. Sinclair, Filippo Resnati, F. Sergiampietri, M. Parvu, D. Kryn, I. De Bonis, Animesh Chatterjee, B. Radics, B. Bourguille, Paolo Crivelli, C. de la Taille, M. Leyton, S. Bolognesi, P. Gorodetzky, Mario Campanelli, M. Calin, M. Chalifour, L. Aizawa, D. Pugnere, Alexandru Gherghel-Lascu, C. Alt, D. Duchesneau, Masahiro Ikeno, S. Shahsavarani, H. Konari, P. Cotte, J.V. Dawson, Federico Sanchez, Diana Navas-Nicolas, S. Jiménez, Y. Penichot, M. Zito, C. Girerd, L. Urda, A. Remoto, B. Carlus, C. M. Schloesser, Tomohisa Uchida, G. Brown, W. Tromeur, R. Sulej, E. Bechetoille, G. Misitano, Romul Margineanu, Masashi Tanaka, S. Conforti, C. Santos, Sampsa Vihonen, A. Verdugo, A. Saftoiu, H. Pessard, H. Mathez, P. Chiu, T.S. Mosu, R. Hanni, A.M. Blebea-Apostu, V. Galymov, Y. Onishchuk, E. Mazzucato, G. Vasseur, S. Narita, Y. Kuromori, Jukka Maalampi, Martin Auger, S. Di Luise, L. Molina Bueno, D. Autiero, A. Holin, S. Kasai, Nikolaos Charitonidis, M. Karolak, M. Shoji, A. Noury, Alexandru Jipa, G. Balik, P. Kunze, W. Mu, D. Belver, Jong-Sung Yu, C. Palomares, A. Chappuis, Katsuyu Kasami, C. Lastoria, M.C. Gomoiu, Thorsten Lux, Laura Manenti, E. Hamada, S. Emery, Alexandru Balaceanu, C. Cuesta, Oana Ristea, T. Kishishita, Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules (LAPP), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Physique des 2 Infinis de Lyon (IP2I Lyon), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Département de Physique Nucléaire (ex SPhN) (DPHN), Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers (IRFU), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Organisation de Micro-Électronique Générale Avancée (OMEGA), École polytechnique (X)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Aimard, B, Aizawa, L, Alt, C, Asaadi, J, Auger, M, Aushev, V, Autiero, D, Balaceanu, A, Balik, G, Balleyguier, L, Bechetoille, E, Belver, D, Blebea-Apostu, A, Bolognesi, S, Bordoni, S, Bourgeois, N, Bourguille, B, Bremer, J, Brown, G, Brunetti, L, Brunetti, G, Caiulo, D, Calin, M, Calvo, E, Campanelli, M, Cankocak, K, Cantini, C, Carlus, B, Cautisanu, B, Chalifour, M, Chappuis, A, Charitonidis, N, Chatterjee, A, Chiriacescuf, A, Chiu, P, Conforti, S, Cotte, P, Crivelli, P, Cuesta, C, Dawson, J, De Bonis, I, De La Taille, C, Delbart, A, Di Luise, S, Doizon, F, Drancourt, C, Duchesneau, D, Dulucq, F, Duval, F, Emery, S, Ereditato, A, Falcone, A, Fusshoeller, K, Gallego-Ros, A, Galymov, V, Geffroy, N, Gendotti, A, Gherghel-Lascu, A, Gil-Botella, I, Girerd, C, Gomoiu, M, Gorodetzky, P, Hamada, E, Hanni, R, Hasegawa, T, Holin, A, Horikawa, S, Ikeno, M, Jiménez, S, Jipa, A, Karolak, M, Karyotakis, Y, Kasai, S, Kasami, K, Kishishita, T, Konari, H, Kreslo, I, Kryn, D, Kunzé, P, Kurokawa, M, Kuromori, Y, Lastoria, C, Lazanu, I, Lehmann-Miotto, G, Leyton, M, Lira, N, Loo, K, Lorca, D, Lutz, P, Lux, T, Maalampi, J, Maire, G, Maki, M, Manenti, L, Margineanu, R, Marteau, J, Martin-Chassard, G, Mathez, H, Mazzucato, E, Misitano, G, Mladenov, D, Molina Bueno, L, Mosu, T, Mu, W, Murphy, S, Nakayoshi, K, Narita, S, Navas-Nicolás, D, Negishi, K, Nessi, M, Niculescu-Oglinzanu, M, Noto, F, Noury, A, Onishchuk, Y, Palomares, C, Parvu, M, Patzak, T, Penichot, Y, Pennacchio, E, Periale, L, Pessard, H, Pietropaolo, F, Pugnere, D, Radics, B, Redondo, D, Regenfus, C, Remoto, A, Resnati, F, Ristea, O, Rubbia, A, Saftoiu, A, Sakashita, K, Sanchez, F, Santos, C, Scarpelli, A, Schloesser, C, Sendai, K, Sergiampietri, F, Shahsavarani, S, Shoji, M, Sinclair, J, Soto-Oton, J, Stanca, D, Stefan, D, Sulej, R, Tanaka, M, Toboaru, V, Tonazzo, A, Tromeur, W, Trzaska, W, Uchida, T, Urda, L, Vannucci, F, Vasseur, G, Verdugo, A, Viant, T, Vihonen, S, Vilalte, S, Weber, M, Wu, S, Yu, J, Zambelli, L, and Zito, M

Subjects
photon: propagation, Photomultiplier, CERN Lab, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, tutkimuslaitteet, Performance of High Energy Physics Detector, Phase (waves), FOS: Physical sciences, Cosmic ray, Noble liquid detectors (scintillation, ionization, double-phase), Scintillator, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, High Energy Physics - Experiment, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), Optics, 0103 physical sciences, [PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex], [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], Detectors and Experimental Techniques, 010306 general physics, Instrumentation, physics.ins-det, Mathematical Physics, scintillation counter, Physics, Scintillation, Time projection chamber, photomultiplier, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, business.industry, hep-ex, Detector, Scintillators, scintillation and light emission processes (solid, gas and liquid scintillators), Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), time projection chamber: liquid argon, Performance of High Energy Physics Detectors, Photon detectors for UV, visible and IR photons (vacuum) (photomulti-pliers, HPDs, others), Scintillators, scintillation and light emission processes (solid, gas and liquidscintillators), Photon detectors for UV, visible and IR photons (vacuum) (photomultipliers, HPDs, others), FIS/01 - FISICA SPERIMENTALE, ilmaisimet, Scintillation counter, business, kosminen säteily, performance, Particle Physics - Experiment
Abstract

The $3 \times 1 \times 1$ m$^3$ demonstrator is a dual phase liquid argon time projection chamber that has recorded cosmic rays events in 2017 at CERN. The light signal in these detectors is crucial to provide precise timing capabilities. The performances of the photon detection system, composed of five PMTs, are discussed. The collected scintillation and electroluminescence light created by passing particles has been studied in various detector conditions. In particular, the scintillation light production and propagation processes have been analyzed and compared to simulations, improving the understanding of some liquid argon properties., Comment: 30 pages, 26 figures

Published
2020

33. Studies on the response of a water-Cherenkov detector of the Pierre Auger Observatory to atmospheric muons using an RPC hodoscope

Author

A. Zepeda, Pedro Assis, H. Martinez, A. Etchegoyen, Dariusz Gora, Bjarni Pont, Alan Coleman, B. Tome, Peter Hansen, F. Guarino, John Matthews, Peter Buchholz, S. J. Saffi, D. Lo Presti, S. J. De Jong, B. García, R. López, Karen S. Caballero-Mora, G. Cataldi, V. Scherini, Martin Erdmann, G. Matthiae, J. de Jesús, Frank G. Schröder, Antonio Bueno, A. Streich, Gioacchino Alex Anastasi, M. Wirtz, Thomas Hebbeker, Sergio Dasso, Tristan Sudholz, P. Abreu, D. Ravignani, Roger W Clay, Marco Aglietta, Marko Zavrtanik, E. Santos, Jarryd A. Day, G. De Mauro, F. Riehn, Marina Scornavacche, Alexandra Saftoiu, Tiina Suomijarvi, F. Pedreira, Raul Sarmento, Felix Schlüter, Martin Vacula, J. Rautenberg, Q. Luce, Gualberto Avila, Martín Miguel Freire, Fabian Gobbi, Jiri Blazek, Lorenzo Caccianiga, Denis Stanca, I. Lhenry-Yvon, Miroslav Pech, M. Pothast, Markus Roth, D. Nitz, A.C. Cobos Cerutti, J. R. T. de Mello Neto, Paul Sommers, A. Blanco, Marcus Niechciol, B. Vargas Cárdenas, J. Pallotta, L. R. Wiencke, G. Marsella, F. Sánchez, Heino Falcke, Maximilian Stadelmaier, Jesús Peña-Rodríguez, Carla Bleve, Rodrigo Guedes Lang, B. Andrada, P. Horvath, Isabel Goos, D. Heck, John Farmer, Jonathan Biteau, A. Insolia, M. Kleifges, A.D. Supanitsky, J. Pȩkala, Antonio Condorelli, Christine Peters, Maria-Teresa Dova, M. R. Hampel, Valerio Verzi, J. Vicha, A. M. Botti, Niraj Dhital, P. Tobiska, Sofia Andringa, Julian Kemp, Luis Villaseñor, R. Conceição, A. Weindl, S. Querchfeld, Miroslav Hrabovský, T. Huege, M. del Río, Nicolás González, Jeffrey Brack, A.L. Garcia Vegas, M. Schimp, Marvin Gottowik, Maria Rita Coluccia, Maximilian Reininghaus, M.A. Leigui de Oliveira, Olaf Scholten, Gaia Silli, Humberto Ibarguen Salazar, D. Mockler, L. Bonneau Arbeletche, A. Di Matteo, Eric Mayotte, A. Haungs, A. Filipčič, G. Torralba Elipe, I. Valiño, Olena Tkachenko, M. I. Micheletti, B. C. Manning, P. Ruehl, Ralf Ulrich, M. Gómez Berisso, L. Valore, B. Wundheiler, L. Lopes, Roberto Mussa, J. Šupík, Carlo Ventura, F. Sarazin, Jaime Alvarez-Muñiz, Alexandru Gherghel-Lascu, David Schmidt, S. Schröder, Italo Epicoco, S. Petrera, Marc Weber, Charles Timmermans, Hernán Asorey, R.C. dos Anjos, R.C. Shellard, Adriana Vásquez-Ramírez, J. F. Valdés Galicia, M. Palatka, Mario Buscemi, Jörg R. Hörandel, P. Mantsch, J. Hulsman, Julien Manshanden, Dusan Mandat, Lukáš Vaclavek, H. J. Mathes, I. De Mitri, Stanislav Michal, G. Mancarella, François Montanet, G. Golup, B. Keilhauer, Sullivan Marafico, Vladimir Lenok, L. Perrone, Francesco Fenu, Ladislav Chytka, Gaetano Salina, Hernan Wahlberg, Miguel Mostafa, Violet M. Harvey, Andres Travaini, E. Varela, J.D. Sanabria Gomez, D. Harari, L. Nožka, J. Chudoba, S. J. Sciutto, J. Rodriguez Rojo, Fridtjof Feldbusch, Marcel Köpke, M. Platino, C. M. Schäfer, Maria Giller, R. Squartini, Alfred Müller, Marco Giammarchi, Juan Miguel Carceller, P. Savina, Eleonora Guido, W. Rodrigues de Carvalho, Flavia Gesualdi, Alex Kääpä, Enrique Zas, A. Parra, Alena Bakalova, J. Stasielak, Massimo Mastrodicasa, R. M. de Almeida, Teresa Bister, E. De Vito, R.J. Barreira Luz, Alina Mihaela Badescu, Dalibor Nosek, Fernando Contreras, Brian Fick, Samo Stanič, Giovanni Consolati, Cristina Galea, P. Ristori, M. Trini, K. Choi, Martina Bohacova, G. Medina-Tanco, A. Tapia, Octavian Sima, A. Cancio, H. Gemmeke, R. Halliday, Nataliia Borodai, M. Unger, M. L. Díaz Castro, G. Farrar, M.P. Panetta, Petr Schovanek, Juan Pablo Gongora, Christian Sarmiento-Cano, Francesca Zuccarello, Luis A. Anchordoqui, I. Allekotte, M. J. Roncoroni, Valerio Pirronello, H. Schieler, Q. Dorosti, Philipp Papenbreer, C. J. Todero Peixoto, Karl-Heinz Kampert, L. Calcagni, Kai Daumiller, Antonella Castellina, A. C. Fauth, F. Salamida, A. Yushkov, A. Fuster, A. Puyleart, L. Nellen, Zbigniew Szadkowski, Michael Prouza, Corinne Berat, Carla Bonifazi, Rodrigo Pelayo, Denise Boncioli, D. Melo, Stijn Buitink, M. Risse, V. Novotny, Trent D. Grubb, A. Taboada, Jose A. Bellido, C. Morello, Rossella Caruso, Fabio Convenga, A. Lucero, Fernando Catalani, Caterina Trimarelli, M. A. Muller, Juan Manuel Figueira, H. Wilczyński, Roberta Colalillo, P.F. Gómez Vitale, I.D. Vergara Quispe, A. G. Mariazzi, A. Aab, R. Sato, Peter L. Biermann, G. P. Guedes, Toshihiro Fujii, Paolo Privitera, Jakub Juryšek, G. Kukec Mezek, Alessio Gorgi, M. E. Bertaina, A. Menshikov, P. Travnicek, J. Debatin, Orazio Zapparrata, Carola Dobrigkeit, M. Muzio, Steffen Hahn, Juan Carlos D'Olivo, T. Pierog, Esteban Roulet, Justin M. Albury, Alan Watson, M. Perlin, Mihai Niculescu-Oglinzanu, J. Alvarez Castillo, Matias Tueros, Luis A. Nunez, Piera Luisa Ghia, Jeffrey A. Johnsen, B. L. Lago, Günter Sigl, P. Stassi, Radomir Smida, A. Machado Payeras, Paula Gina Isar, Fernando Gollan, E. M. Santos, R. Alves Batista, Bruce R. Dawson, P.O. Mazur, V. de Souza, K.-H. Becker, M. Pimenta, P.R. Araújo Ferreira, Tobias Winchen, Florian Lukas Briechle, Max Malacari, J. Perez Armand, Claudio Galelli, Jose Chinellato, Ioana Caracas, A. Letessier-Selvon, Lorenzo Cazon, A. van Vliet, David Wittkowski, Danielle LaHurd, Olivier Deligny, Tomáš Fodran, R. Lorek, M. Urban, W. M. Namasaka, A. C. Rovero, Ugo Giaccari, Alexandru Balaceanu, M. Suárez-Durán, Carla Aramo, Julien Souchard, D. Martello, M. Ziolkowski, O. Martínez Bravo, K. Mulrey, Silvia Mollerach, N. Fazzini, Ioana Codrina Maris, Jonas Glombitza, F. C. T. Barbato, D. Zavrtanik, Serguei Vorobiov, G. C. Hill, Jorge F. Soriano, Ralph Engel, Marcos Cerda, J. Ridky, Darko Veberič, J. Kleinfeller, Carlos Escobar, Kevin-Druis Merenda, M. Schimassek, C. Hojvat, Jan Ebr, Jacco Vink, H.O. Klages, A. A. Nucita, G. Parente, Fabrizia Canfora, L. Zehrer, J. de Oliveira, Alejandro Almela, Thomas Bretz, V. Rizi, Corbin Covault, Lino Miramonti, D. de Oliveira Franco, Xavier Bertou, Aab, A., Abreu, P., Aglietta, M., Albury, J. M., Allekotte, I., Almela, A., Castillo, J. Alvarez, Alvarez-Muñiz, J., Batista, R. Alve, Anastasi, G. A., Anchordoqui, L., Andrada, B., Andringa, S., Aramo, C., Ferreira, P. R. Araújo, Asorey, H., Assis, P., Avila, G., Badescu, A. M., Bakalova, A., Balaceanu, A., Barbato, F., Luz, R. J. Barreira, Becker, K. H., Bellido, J. A., Berat, C., Bertaina, M. E., Bertou, X., Biermann, P. L., Bister, T., Biteau, J., Blanco, A., Blazek, J., Bleve, C., Boháčová, M., Boncioli, D., Bonifazi, C., Arbeletche, L. Bonneau, Borodai, N., Botti, A. M., Brack, J., Bretz, T., Briechle, F. L., Buchholz, P., Bueno, A., Buitink, S., Buscemi, M., Caballero-Mora, K. S., Caccianiga, L., Calcagni, L., Cancio, A., Canfora, F., Caracas, I., Carceller, J. M., Caruso, R., Castellina, A., Catalani, F., Cataldi, G., Cazon, L., Cerda, M., Chinellato, J. A., Choi, K., Chudoba, J., Chytka, L., Clay, R. W., Cerutti, A. C. Cobo, Colalillo, R., Coleman, A., Coluccia, M. R., Conceição, R., Condorelli, A., Consolati, G., Contreras, F., Convenga, F., Covault, C. E., Dasso, S., Daumiller, K., Dawson, B. R., Day, J. A., de Almeida, R. M., de Jesús, J., de Jong, S. J., Mauro, G. De, Neto, J. R. T. de Mello, Mitri, I. De, de Oliveira, J., Franco, D. de Oliveira, de Souza, V., Vito, E. De, Debatin, J., Río, M. del, Deligny, O., Dhital, N., Matteo, A. Di, Castro, M. L. Díaz, Dobrigkeit, C., D'Olivo, J. C., Dorosti, Q., Anjos, R. C. do, Dova, M. T., Ebr, J., Engel, R., Epicoco, I., Erdmann, M., Escobar, C. O., Etchegoyen, A., Falcke, H., Farmer, J., Farrar, G., Fauth, A. C., Fazzini, N., Feldbusch, F., Fenu, F., Fick, B., Figueira, J. M., Filipčič, A., Fodran, T., Freire, M. M., Fujii, T., Fuster, A., Galea, C., Galelli, C., García, B., Vegas, A. L. Garcia, Gemmeke, H., Gesualdi, F., Gherghel-Lascu, A., Ghia, P. L., Giaccari, U., Giammarchi, M., Giller, M., Glombitza, J., Gobbi, F., Gollan, F., Golup, G., Berisso, M. Gómez, Vitale, P. F. Gómez, Gongora, J. P., González, N., Goos, I., Góra, D., Gorgi, A., Gottowik, M., Grubb, T. D., Guarino, F., Guedes, G. P., Guido, E., Hahn, S., Halliday, R., Hampel, M. R., Hansen, P., Harari, D., Harvey, V. M., Haungs, A., Hebbeker, T., Heck, D., Hill, G. C., Hojvat, C., Hörandel, J. R., Horvath, P., Hrabovský, M., Huege, T., Hulsman, J., Insolia, A., Isar, P. G., Johnsen, J. A., Jurysek, J., Kääpä, A., Kampert, K. H., Keilhauer, B., Kemp, J., Klages, H. O., Kleifges, M., Kleinfeller, J., Köpke, M., Mezek, G. Kukec, Lago, B. L., Lahurd, D., Lang, R. G., de Oliveira, M. A. Leigui, Lenok, V., Letessier-Selvon, A., Lhenry-Yvon, I., Presti, D. Lo, Lopes, L., López, R., Lorek, R., Luce, Q., Lucero, A., Payeras, A. Machado, Malacari, M., Mancarella, G., Mandat, D., Manning, B. C., Manshanden, J., Mantsch, P., Marafico, S., Mariazzi, A. G., Mariş, I. C., Marsella, G., Martello, D., Martinez, H., Bravo, O. Martínez, Mastrodicasa, M., Mathes, H. J., Matthews, J., Matthiae, G., Mayotte, E., Mazur, P. O., Medina-Tanco, G., Melo, D., Menshikov, A., Merenda, K. -D., Michal, S., Micheletti, M. I., Miramonti, L., Mockler, D., Mollerach, S., Montanet, F., Morello, C., Mostafá, M., Müller, A. L., Muller, M. A., Mulrey, K., Mussa, R., Muzio, M., Namasaka, W. M., Nellen, L., Niculescu-Oglinzanu, M., Niechciol, M., Nitz, D., Nosek, D., Novotny, V., Nožka, L., Nucita, A, Núñez, L. A., Palatka, M., Pallotta, J., Panetta, M. P., Papenbreer, P., Parente, G., Parra, A., Pech, M., Pedreira, F., Pȩkala, J., Pelayo, R., Peña-Rodriguez, J., Armand, J. Perez, Perlin, M., Perrone, L., Peters, C., Petrera, S., Pierog, T., Pimenta, M., Pirronello, V., Platino, M., Pont, B., Pothast, M., Privitera, P., Prouza, M., Puyleart, A., Querchfeld, S., Rautenberg, J., Ravignani, D., Reininghaus, M., Ridky, J., Riehn, F., Risse, M., Ristori, P., Rizi, V., de Carvalho, W. Rodrigue, Rojo, J. Rodriguez, Roncoroni, M. J., Roth, M., Roulet, E., Rovero, A. C., Ruehl, P., Saffi, S. J., Saftoiu, A., Salamida, F., Salazar, H., Salina, G., Gomez, J. D. Sanabria, Sánchez, F., Santos, E. M., Santos, E., Sarazin, F., Sarmento, R., Sarmiento-Cano, C., Sato, R., Savina, P., Schäfer, C. M., Scherini, V., Schieler, H., Schimassek, M., Schimp, M., Schlüter, F., Schmidt, D., Scholten, O., Schovánek, P., Schröder, F. G., Schröder, S., Sciutto, S. J., Scornavacche, M., Shellard, R. C., Sigl, G., Silli, G., Sima, O., Šmída, R., Sommers, P., Soriano, J. F., Souchard, J., Squartini, R., Stadelmaier, M., Stanca, D., Stanič, S., Stasielak, J., Stassi, P., Streich, A., Suárez-Durán, M., Sudholz, T., Suomijärvi, T., Supanitsky, A. D., Šupík, J., Szadkowski, Z., Taboada, A., Tapia, A., Timmermans, C., Tkachenko, O., Tobiska, P., Peixoto, C. J. Todero, Tomé, B., Elipe, G. Torralba, Travaini, A., Travnicek, P., Trimarelli, C., Trini, M., Tueros, M., Ulrich, R., Unger, M., Urban, M., Vaclavek, L., Vacula, M., Galicia, J. F. Valdé, Valiño, I., Valore, L., Vliet, A. van, Varela, E., Cárdenas, B. Varga, Vásquez-Ramírez, A., Veberič, D., Ventura, C., Quispe, I. D. Vergara, Verzi, V., Vicha, J., Villaseñor, L., Vink, J., Vorobiov, S., Wahlberg, H., Watson, A. A., Weber, M., Weindl, A., Wiencke, L., Wilczyński, H., Winchen, T., Wirtz, M., Wittkowski, D., Wundheiler, B., Yushkov, A., Zapparrata, O., Zas, E., Zavrtanik, D., Zavrtanik, M., Zehrer, L., Zepeda, A., Ziolkowski, M., Zuccarello, F., Castillo, J. A., Alvarez-Muniz, J., Batista, R. A., Ferreira, P. R. A., Luz, R. J. B., Bohacova, M., Arbeletche, L. B., Cerutti, A. C. C., Conceicao, R., De Almeida, R. M., De Jesus, J., De Jong, S. J., Mauro, G. D., Neto, J. R. T. D. M., De Mitri, I., De Oliveira, J., De Oliveira Franco, D., De Souza, V., De Vito, E., Del Rio, M., Di Matteo, A., Castro, M. L. D., Dos Anjos, R. C., Filipcic, A., Garcia, B., Vegas, A. L. G., Berisso, M. G., Vitale, P. F. G., Gonzalez, N., Gora, D., Horandel, J. R., Hrabovsky, M., Kaapa, A., Kopke, M., Mezek, G. K., De Oliveira, M. A. L., Presti, D. L., Lopez, R., Payeras, A. M., Maris, I. C., Bravo, O. M., Mostafa, M., Muller, A. L., Nozka, L., Nucita, A., Nunez, L. A., Pkala, J., Pena-Rodriguez, J., Armand, J. P., De Carvalho, W. R., Rojo, J. R., Gomez, J. D. S., Sanchez, F., Schafer, C. M., Schluter, F., Schovanek, P., Schroder, F. G., Schroder, S., Smida, R., Stanic, S., Suarez-Duran, M., Suomijarvi, T., Supik, J., Peixoto, C. J. T., Tome, B., Elipe, G. T., Galicia, J. F. V., Valino, I., Vliet, A. V., Cardenas, B. V., Vasquez-Ramirez, A., Veberic, D., Quispe, I. D. V., Villasenor, L., Wilczynski, H., High Energy Astrophys. & Astropart. Phys (API, FNWI), Research unit Astroparticle Physics, Physics, Elementary Particle Physics, Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Institut de Physique Nucléaire d'Orsay (IPNO), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Énergies (LPNHE (UMR_7585)), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Pierre Auger, Aab A., Abreu P., Aglietta M., Albury J.M., Allekotte I., Almela A., Castillo J.A., Alvarez-Muniz J., Batista R.A., Anastasi G.A., Anchordoqui L., Andrada B., Andringa S., Aramo C., Ferreira P.R.A., Asorey H., Assis P., Avila G., Badescu A.M., Bakalova A., Balaceanu A., Barbato F., Luz R.J.B., Becker K.H., Bellido J.A., Berat C., Bertaina M.E., Bertou X., Biermann P.L., Bister T., Biteau J., Blanco A., Blazek J., Bleve C., Bohacova M., Boncioli D., Bonifazi C., Arbeletche L.B., Borodai N., Botti A.M., Brack J., Bretz T., Briechle F.L., Buchholz P., Bueno A., Buitink S., Buscemi M., Caballero-Mora K.S., Caccianiga L., Calcagni L., Cancio A., Canfora F., Caracas I., Carceller J.M., Caruso R., Castellina A., Catalani F., Cataldi G., Cazon L., Cerda M., Chinellato J.A., Choi K., Chudoba J., Chytka L., Clay R.W., Cerutti A.C.C., Colalillo R., Coleman A., Coluccia M.R., Conceicao R., Condorelli A., Consolati G., Contreras F., Convenga F., Covault C.E., Dasso S., Daumiller K., Dawson B.R., Day J.A., De Almeida R.M., De Jesus J., De Jong S.J., Mauro G.D., Neto J.R.T.D.M., De Mitri I., De Oliveira J., De Oliveira Franco D., De Souza V., De Vito E., Debatin J., Del Rio M., Deligny O., Dhital N., Di Matteo A., Castro M.L.D., Dobrigkeit C., D'Olivo J.C., Dorosti Q., Dos Anjos R.C., Dova M.T., Ebr J., Engel R., Epicoco I., Erdmann M., Escobar C.O., Etchegoyen A., Falcke H., Farmer J., Farrar G., Fauth A.C., Fazzini N., Feldbusch F., Fenu F., Fick B., Figueira J.M., Filipcic A., Fodran T., Freire M.M., Fujii T., Fuster A., Galea C., Galelli C., Garcia B., Vegas A.L.G., Gemmeke H., Gesualdi F., Gherghel-Lascu A., Ghia P.L., Giaccari U., Giammarchi M., Giller M., Glombitza J., Gobbi F., Gollan F., Golup G., Berisso M.G., Vitale P.F.G., Gongora J.P., Gonzalez N., Goos I., Gora D., Gorgi A., Gottowik M., Grubb T.D., Guarino F., Guedes G.P., Guido E., Hahn S., Halliday R., Hampel M.R., Hansen P., Harari D., Harvey V.M., Haungs A., Hebbeker T., Heck D., Hill G.C., Hojvat C., Horandel J.R., Horvath P., Hrabovsky M., Huege T., Hulsman J., Insolia A., Isar P.G., Johnsen J.A., Jurysek J., Kaapa A., Kampert K.H., Keilhauer B., Kemp J., Klages H.O., Kleifges M., Kleinfeller J., Kopke M., Mezek G.K., Lago B.L., Lahurd D., Lang R.G., De Oliveira M.A.L., Lenok V., Letessier-Selvon A., Lhenry-Yvon I., Presti D.L., Lopes L., Lopez R., Lorek R., Luce Q., Lucero A., Payeras A.M., Malacari M., Mancarella G., Mandat D., Manning B.C., Manshanden J., Mantsch P., Marafico S., Mariazzi A.G., Maris I.C., Marsella G., Martello D., Martinez H., Bravo O.M., Mastrodicasa M., Mathes H.J., Matthews J., Matthiae G., Mayotte E., Mazur P.O., Medina-Tanco G., Melo D., Menshikov A., Merenda K.-D., Michal S., Micheletti M.I., Miramonti L., Mockler D., Mollerach S., Montanet F., Morello C., Mostafa M., Muller A.L., Muller M.A., Mulrey K., Mussa R., Muzio M., Namasaka W.M., Nellen L., Niculescu-Oglinzanu M., Niechciol M., Nitz D., Nosek D., Novotny V., Nozka L., Nucita A., Nunez L.A., Palatka M., Pallotta J., Panetta M.P., Papenbreer P., Parente G., Parra A., Pech M., Pedreira F., Pkala J., Pelayo R., Pena-Rodriguez J., Armand J.P., Perlin M., Perrone L., Peters C., Petrera S., Pierog T., Pimenta M., Pirronello V., Platino M., Pont B., Pothast M., Privitera P., Prouza M., Puyleart A., Querchfeld S., Rautenberg J., Ravignani D., Reininghaus M., Ridky J., Riehn F., Risse M., Ristori P., Rizi V., De Carvalho W.R., Rojo J.R., Roncoroni M.J., Roth M., Roulet E., Rovero A.C., Ruehl P., Saffi S.J., Saftoiu A., Salamida F., Salazar H., Salina G., Gomez J.D.S., Sanchez F., Santos E.M., Santos E., Sarazin F., Sarmento R., Sarmiento-Cano C., Sato R., Savina P., Schafer C.M., Scherini V., Schieler H., Schimassek M., Schimp M., Schluter F., Schmidt D., Scholten O., Schovanek P., Schroder F.G., Schroder S., Sciutto S.J., Scornavacche M., Shellard R.C., Sigl G., Silli G., Sima O., Smida R., Sommers P., Soriano J.F., Souchard J., Squartini R., Stadelmaier M., Stanca D., Stanic S., Stasielak J., Stassi P., Streich A., Suarez-Duran M., Sudholz T., Suomijarvi T., Supanitsky A.D., Supik J., Szadkowski Z., Taboada A., Tapia A., Timmermans C., Tkachenko O., Tobiska P., Peixoto C.J.T., Tome B., Elipe G.T., Travaini A., Travnicek P., Trimarelli C., Trini M., Tueros M., Ulrich R., Unger M., Urban M., Vaclavek L., Vacula M., Galicia J.F.V., Valino I., Valore L., Vliet A.V., Varela E., Cardenas B.V., Vasquez-Ramirez A., Veberic D., Ventura C., Quispe I.D.V., Verzi V., Vicha J., Villasenor L., Vink J., Vorobiov S., Wahlberg H., Watson A.A., Weber M., Weindl A., Wiencke L., Wilczynski H., Winchen T., Wirtz M., Wittkowski D., Wundheiler B., Yushkov A., Zapparrata O., Zas E., Zavrtanik D., Zavrtanik M., Zehrer L., Zepeda A., Ziolkowski M., and Zuccarello F.

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Astronomy, 01 natural sciences, 030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging, law.invention, 0302 clinical medicine, law, Observatory, atmosphere [muon], Instrumentation, physics.ins-det, Mathematical Physics, Large detector-systems performance, Physics, Instrumentation et méthodes en physique, Performance of high energy physics detectors, Data reduction methods, Large detector systems for particle and astroparticle physics, Detector, Settore FIS/01 - Fisica Sperimentale, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, resistive plate chamber, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), trajectory [muon], Auger, observatory, muon: atmosphere, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, atmosphere [showers], Cherenkov detector, air, Cherenkov counter: water, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, UHE [cosmic radiation], FOS: Physical sciences, Cosmic ray, muon: trajectory, Nuclear physics, 03 medical and health sciences, Hodoscope, Data reduction method, 0103 physical sciences, Calibration, High Energy Physics, ddc:610, cosmic radiation: UHE, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), Zenith, Ciencias Exactas, Pierre Auger Observatory, showers: atmosphere, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, water [Cherenkov counter], hodoscope, Física, Autres mathématiques, stability, calibration, Data reduction methods, Large detector systems for particle and astroparticle physics, Large detector-systems performance, Performance of High Energy Physics Detectors, Experimental High Energy Physics, Large detector systems for particle and astroparticle physic, High Energy Physics::Experiment, RAIOS CÓSMICOS, astro-ph.IM
Abstract

Extensive air showers, originating from ultra-high energy cosmic rays, have been successfully measured through the use of arrays of water-Cherenkov detectors (WCDs). Sophisticated analyses exploiting WCD data have made it possible to demonstrate that shower simulations, based on different hadronic-interaction models, cannot reproduce the observed number of muons at the ground. The accurate knowledge of the WCD response to muons is paramount in establishing the exact level of this discrepancy. In this work, we report on a study of the response of a WCD of the Pierre Auger Observatory to atmospheric muons performed with a hodoscope made of resistive plate chambers (RPCs), enabling us to select and reconstruct nearly 600 thousand single muon trajectories with zenith angles ranging from 0º to 55º. Comparison of distributions of key observables between the hodoscope data and the predictions of dedicated simulations allows us to demonstrate the accuracy of the latter at a level of 2%. As the WCD calibration is based on its response to atmospheric muons, the hodoscope data are also exploited to show the long-term stability of the procedure., La lista completa de autores que integran el documento puede consultarse en el archivo., Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Instituto de Física La Plata

Published
2020
Full Text
View/download PDF

34. A 3-Year Sample of Almost 1,600 Elves Recorded Above South America by the Pierre Auger Cosmic-Ray Observatory

Author

B. García, M. L. Díaz Castro, G. Farrar, R. López, Karen S. Caballero-Mora, Francesca Zuccarello, Hernan Wahlberg, Q. Luce, Jose Chinellato, P. H. Nguyen, Martin Erdmann, Octavian Sima, J. Kleinfeller, H. J. Mathes, Z. Zong, G. Matthiae, R. R. Prado, F. Diogo, E. M. Santos, M. Schauer, A. Streich, Gioacchino Alex Anastasi, Stanislav Michal, A. Taboada, A. Letessier-Selvon, A. Parra, Antonio Bueno, Daniel Kuempel, M. Wirtz, Isabel Goos, Lorenzo Cazon, R. M. de Almeida, Kevin-Druis Merenda, D. Heck, G. P. Guedes, Roger W Clay, A. van Vliet, Frank G. Schröder, Toshihiro Fujii, P. Ristori, M. del Río, Bruce R. Dawson, Tim Huege, M. Trini, P.F. Gómez Vitale, Gualberto Avila, P.O. Mazur, David Wittkowski, J. Rodriguez Rojo, Jakub Juryšek, J. Debatin, Ivone F. M. Albuquerque, Angela V. Olinto, G. Salina, Danielle LaHurd, Olivier Deligny, Charles Timmermans, Lukas Middendorf, Fridtjof Feldbusch, Ioana Codrina Maris, M. I. Micheletti, Antonio Condorelli, R. Lorek, Giuseppe De Mauro, J. F. Valdés Galicia, G. C. Hill, Ugo Giaccari, Jorge F. Soriano, Enrique Zas, A. Cancio, Ralph Engel, Rodrigo Pelayo, Q. Dorosti, J. Ridky, Stijn Buitink, Christine Peters, M. Scornavacche, M. Zavrtanik, M. Schimp, M. Risse, Juan Carlos D'Olivo, T. Pierog, Justin M. Albury, Max Malacari, Lili Yang, Markus Roth, I. Allekotte, John Farmer, Piotr Homola, Fernando Contreras, E.M. Holt, Giovanni Consolati, B. C. Manning, Jonathan Blazek, R. Ramos-Pollan, L. Nellen, Piera Luisa Ghia, M. Josebachuili, C. Morello, A. Tapia, Jonathan Biteau, Dariusz Gora, Maria-Teresa Dova, Giovanni Marsella, D. Nosek, Luis A. Anchordoqui, Benedikt Zimmermann, Rúben Conceição, E. Santos, Alessio Gorgi, A. C. Fauth, Vladimir Lenok, L. Perrone, M. A. Leigui de Oliveira, A.M. van den Berg, Darko Veberič, G. Torralba Elipe, Philipp Papenbreer, G. Parente, Fabrizia Canfora, A. Aab, R. Krause, L. Valore, G. Morlino, Hernán Asorey, A. Bridgeman, Esteban Roulet, Petr Travnicek, Carla Bonifazi, S. J. Saffi, Alan Coleman, Trent D. Grubb, Jose A. Bellido, Carola Dobrigkeit, L. Zehrer, Thomas Harrison, D. Melo, R. Legumina, G. Kukec Mezek, M. J. Roncoroni, D. Nitz, Nicolas Martin Gonzalez, Peter L. Biermann, R.C. dos Anjos, L. A. S. Pereira, M.P. Panetta, Petr Schovanek, A. Puyleart, Corinne Berat, M. Giller, S. Baur, M. Stolpovskiy, Juan Manuel Figueira, Roberta Colalillo, M. Palatka, Jan Pękala, A. G. Mariazzi, M. Perlin, Luis Villaseñor, Alan Watson, M. E. Bertaina, A. Menshikov, F. Pedreira, J. Phuntsok, A. Weindl, Raul Sarmento, Paolo Privitera, D. Lo Presti, S. J. De Jong, Patricia María Hansen, Marvin Gottowik, N. Kemmerich, Martina Bohacova, K.-H. Becker, M. Pimenta, Eric Mayotte, Jeffrey A. Johnsen, S. Quinn, Xavier Bertou, Felix Schlüter, Mihai Niculescu-Oglinzanu, A. Zepeda, L. R. Wiencke, I.D. Vergara Quispe, J. Alvarez Castillo, P. Ruehl, Pedro Assis, Maximilian Reininghaus, M. Schimassek, J. de Oliveira, Alejandro Almela, C. Hojvat, Marco Giammarchi, Jan Ebr, Fabian Gobbi, Jarryd A. Day, A. Etchegoyen, David Schmidt, A. M. Botti, Roberto Mussa, M. Gómez Berisso, R. C. Shellard, Juan Pablo Gongora, Günter Sigl, Tobias Winchen, R. Sato, Florian Lukas Briechle, Denis Stanca, P. Stassi, Paul Sommers, Radomir Smida, F. Guarino, John Matthews, A. Blanco, O. C. Lippmann, A.C. Cobos Cerutti, B. Vargas Cárdenas, T. Suomijärvi, Peter Buchholz, J. Pallotta, C. Sarmiento-Cano, Jacco Vink, Thomas Bretz, H.O. Klages, Corbin Covault, J. R. T. de Mello Neto, Miroslav Hrabovský, M. Urban, M. Mastrodicasa, Matias Tueros, François Montanet, Lourenco Lopes, Mario Buscemi, B. L. Lago, S. Schröder, M. J. Cooper, F. Sánchez, V. de Souza, A. C. Rovero, Niraj Dhital, J. Rautenberg, C. Bleve, M. Wiedeński, Marco Aglietta, Dusan Mandat, I. Valiño, Matías Rolf Hampel, Alexandru Balaceanu, A. Haungs, Francesco Fenu, A. Kuotb Awad, S. G. Blaess, Lino Miramonti, A. A. Nucita, Jaime Alvarez-Muñiz, Jesús Peña-Rodríguez, P. Abreu, B. Mitrica, D. Ravignani, Heino Falcke, V. Novotny, Alexandru Gherghel-Lascu, Eleonora Guido, Rossella Caruso, A. Lucero, Fernando Catalani, S. Mathys, Luis A. Nunez, I. Jandt, Ralf Ulrich, Marcio Aparecido Muller, M. Suárez-Durán, Carla Aramo, Jörg R. Hörandel, P. Mantsch, J. Vicha, Z. Szadkowski, Daniela Mockler, Vincenzo Rizi, Julien Souchard, D. Martello, I. Lhenry-Yvon, Miroslav Pech, M. Ziolkowski, M. Platino, F.O. de Oliveira Salles, P. Savina, G. Golup, Paula Gina Isar, Maria Rita Coluccia, Bruno Daniel, G. Mancarella, B. Keilhauer, Pavel Horvath, W. Rodrigues de Carvalho, Marcus Niechciol, Silvia Mollerach, O. Martínez Bravo, Julian Kemp, Rodrigo Guedes Lang, Belén Andrada, S. J. Sciutto, P. van Bodegom, S. Müller, Juan Miguel Carceller, Alex Kääpä, S. Querchfeld, Nataliia Borodai, N. Fazzini, Jonas Glombitza, F. C. T. Barbato, A. Fuster, Sofia Andringa, H. Gemmeke, M. Unger, A. D. Supanitsky, J. Šupík, Carlo Ventura, Andrej Dundovic, Lorenzo Caccianiga, B. Wundheiler, Andres Travaini, Gregory R Snow, E. Varela, J.D. Sanabria Gomez, J. Chudoba, H. Schieler, Karl-Heinz Kampert, Ladislav Chytka, L. Calcagni, Kai Daumiller, Antonella Castellina, Alena Bakalova, J. Stasielak, S. Coutu, Gaia Silli, P. Heimann, Serguei Vorobiov, A. Filipčič, Federico Suarez, O. A. Taborda, C. Porowski, H. Martinez, F. Sarazin, Marcos Cerda, Denise Boncioli, G. Cataldi, V. Scherini, Valerio Verzi, B. Tome, Alexandra Saftoiu, Thomas Hebbeker, S. Petrera, Marc Weber, Sergio Dasso, Tristan Sudholz, Ivan De Mitri, Martín Miguel Freire, Jeffrey Brack, Olaf Scholten, Humberto Ibarguen Salazar, F. Riehn, Miguel Mostafa, C. O. Escobar, A. Insolia, M. Kleifges, D. Zavrtanik, A. López Casado, Samo Stanič, Dariusz Glas, Bjarni Pont, R.J. Barreira Luz, Johannes Schumacher, Violet M. Harvey, D. Harari, F. Salamida, A. Yushkov, L.P. Ferreyro, Alina Mihaela Badescu, M. Prouza, R. Squartini, Alfred Müller, G. Medina-Tanco, R. Halliday, J. Hulsman, J. Poh, Valerio Pirronello, C. J. Todero Peixoto, L. Noža, H. Wilczyński, Aab A., Abreu P., Aglietta M., Albuquerque I.F.M., Albury J.M., Allekotte I., Almela A., Alvarez Castillo J., Alvarez-Muniz J., Anastasi G.A., Anchordoqui L., Andrada B., Andringa S., Aramo C., Asorey H., Assis P., Avila G., Badescu A.M., Bakalova A., Balaceanu A., Barbato F., Barreira Luz R.J., Baur S., Becker K.H., Bellido J.A., Berat C., Bertaina M.E., Bertou X., Biermann P.L., Biteau J., Blaess S.G., Blanco A., Blazek J., Bleve C., Bohacova M., Boncioli D., Bonifazi C., Borodai N., Botti A.M., Brack J., Bretz T., Bridgeman A., Briechle F.L., Buchholz P., Bueno A., Buitink S., Buscemi M., Caballero-Mora K.S., Caccianiga L., Calcagni L., Cancio A., Canfora F., Carceller J.M., Caruso R., Castellina A., Catalani F., Cataldi G., Cazon L., Cerda M., Chinellato J.A., Chudoba J., Chytka L., Clay R.W., Cobos Cerutti A.C., Colalillo R., Coleman A., Coluccia M.R., Conceicao R., Condorelli A., Consolati G., Contreras F., Cooper M.J., Coutu S., Covault C.E., Daniel B., Dasso S., Daumiller K., Dawson B.R., Day J.A., de Almeida R.M., de Jong S.J., Mauro G., de Mello Neto J.R.T., Mitri I., de Oliveira J., de Oliveira Salles F.O., de Souza V., Debatin J., del Rio M., Deligny O., Dhital N., Diaz Castro M.L., Diogo F., Dobrigkeit C., D'Olivo J.C., Dorosti Q., dos Anjos R.C., Dova M.T., Dundovic A., Ebr J., Engel R., Erdmann M., Escobar C.O., Etchegoyen A., Falcke H., Farmer J., Farrar G., Fauth A.C., Fazzini N., Feldbusch F., Fenu F., Ferreyro L.P., Figueira J.M., Filipcic A., Freire M.M., Fujii T., Fuster A., Garcia B., Gemmeke H., Gherghel-Lascu A., Ghia P.L., Giaccari U., Giammarchi M., Giller M., Glas D., Glombitza J., Gobbi F., Golup G., Gomez Berisso M., Gomez Vitale P.F., Gongora J.P., Gonzalez N., Goos I., Gora D., Gorgi A., Gottowik M., Grubb T.D., Guarino F., Guedes G.P., Guido E., Halliday R., Hampel M.R., Hansen P., Harari D., Harrison T.A., Harvey V.M., Haungs A., Hebbeker T., Heck D., Heimann P., Hill G.C., Hojvat C., Holt E.M., Homola P., Horandel J.R., Horvath P., Hrabovsky M., Huege T., Hulsman J., Insolia A., Isar P.G., Jandt I., Johnsen J.A., Josebachuili M., Jurysek J., Kaapa A., Kampert K.H., Keilhauer B., Kemmerich N., Kemp J., Klages H.O., Kleifges M., Kleinfeller J., Krause R., Kuempel D., Kukec Mezek G., Kuotb Awad A., Lago B.L., LaHurd D., Lang R.G., Legumina R., Leigui de Oliveira M.A., Lenok V., Letessier-Selvon A., Lhenry-Yvon I., Lippmann O.C., Lo Presti D., Lopes L., Lopez R., Lopez Casado A., Lorek R., Luce Q., Lucero A., Malacari M., Mancarella G., Mandat D., Manning B.C., Mantsch P., Mariazzi A.G., Maris I.C., Marsella G., Martello D., Martinez H., Martinez Bravo O., Mastrodicasa M., Mathes H.J., Mathys S., Matthews J., Matthiae G., Mayotte E., Mazur P.O., Medina-Tanco G., Melo D., Menshikov A., Merenda K.-D., Michal S., Micheletti M.I., Middendorf L., Miramonti L., Mitrica B., Mockler D., Mollerach S., Montanet F., Morello C., Morlino G., Mostafa M., Muller A.L., Muller M.A., Muller S., Mussa R., Nellen L., Nguyen P.H., Niculescu-Oglinzanu M., Niechciol M., Nitz D., Nosek D., Novotny V., Noza L., Nucita A., Nunez L.A., Olinto A., Palatka M., Pallotta J., Panetta M.P., Papenbreer P., Parente G., Parra A., Pech M., Pedreira F., Pekala J., Pelayo R., Pena-Rodriguez J., Pereira L.A.S., Perlin M., Perrone L., Peters C., Petrera S., Phuntsok J., Pierog T., Pimenta M., Pirronello V., Platino M., Poh J., Pont B., Porowski C., Prado R.R., Privitera P., Prouza M., Puyleart A., Querchfeld S., Quinn S., Ramos-Pollan R., Rautenberg J., Ravignani D., Reininghaus M., Ridky J., Riehn F., Risse M., Ristori P., Rizi V., Rodrigues de Carvalho W., Rodriguez Rojo J., Roncoroni M.J., Roth M., Roulet E., Rovero A.C., Ruehl P., Saffi S.J., Saftoiu A., Salamida F., Salazar H., Salina G., Sanabria Gomez J.D., Sanchez F., Santos E.M., Santos E., Sarazin F., Sarmento R., Sarmiento-Cano C., Sato R., Savina P., Schauer M., Scherini V., Schieler H., Schimassek M., Schimp M., Schluter F., Schmidt D., Scholten O., Schovanek P., Schroder F.G., Schroder S., Schumacher J., Sciutto S.J., Scornavacche M., Shellard R.C., Sigl G., Silli G., Sima O., Smida R., Snow G.R., Sommers P., Soriano J.F., Souchard J., Squartini R., Stanca D., Stanic S., Stasielak J., Stassi P., Stolpovskiy M., Streich A., Suarez F., Suarez-Duran M., Sudholz T., Suomijarvi T., Supanitsky A.D., Supik J., Szadkowski Z., Taboada A., Taborda O.A., Tapia A., Timmermans C., Todero Peixoto C.J., Tome B., Torralba Elipe G., Travaini A., Travnicek P., Trini M., Tueros M., Ulrich R., Unger M., Urban M., Valdes Galicia J.F., Valino I., Valore L., van Bodegom P., van den Berg A.M., van Vliet A., Varela E., Vargas Cardenas B., Veberic D., Ventura C., Vergara Quispe I.D., Verzi V., Vicha J., Villasenor L., Vink J., Vorobiov S., Wahlberg H., Watson A.A., Weber M., Weindl A., Wiedenski M., Wiencke L., Wilczynski H., Winchen T., Wirtz M., Wittkowski D., Wundheiler B., Yang L., Yushkov A., Zas E., Zavrtanik D., Zavrtanik M., Zehrer L., Zepeda A., Zimmermann B., Ziolkowski M., Zong Z., Zuccarello F., Aab, A., Abreu, P., Aglietta, M., Albuquerque, I. F. M., Albury, J. M., Allekotte, I., Almela, A., Alvarez Castillo, J., Alvarez-Muniz, J., Anastasi, G. A., Anchordoqui, L., Andrada, B., Andringa, S., Aramo, C., Asorey, H., Assis, P., Avila, G., Badescu, A. M., Bakalova, A., Balaceanu, A., Barbato, F., Barreira Luz, R. J., Baur, S., Becker, K. H., Bellido, J. A., Berat, C., Bertaina, M. E., Bertou, X., Biermann, P. L., Biteau, J., Blaess, S. G., Blanco, A., Blazek, J., Bleve, C., Bohacova, M., Boncioli, D., Bonifazi, C., Borodai, N., Botti, A. M., Brack, J., Bretz, T., Bridgeman, A., Briechle, F. L., Buchholz, P., Bueno, A., Buitink, S., Buscemi, M., Caballero-Mora, K. S., Caccianiga, L., Calcagni, L., Cancio, A., Canfora, F., Carceller, J. M., Caruso, R., Castellina, A., Catalani, F., Cataldi, G., Cazon, L., Cerda, M., Chinellato, J. A., Chudoba, J., Chytka, L., Clay, R. W., Cobos Cerutti, A. C., Colalillo, R., Coleman, A., Coluccia, M. R., Conceicao, R., Condorelli, A., Consolati, G., Contreras, F., Cooper, M. J., Coutu, S., Covault, C. E., Daniel, B., Dasso, S., Daumiller, K., Dawson, B. R., Day, J. A., de Almeida, R. M., de Jong, S. J., Mauro, G., de Mello Neto, J. R. T., Mitri, I., de Oliveira, J., de Oliveira Salles, F. O., de Souza, V., Debatin, J., del Rio, M., Deligny, O., Dhital, N., Diaz Castro, M. L., Diogo, F., Dobrigkeit, C., D'Olivo, J. C., Dorosti, Q., dos Anjos, R. C., Dova, M. T., Dundovic, A., Ebr, J., Engel, R., Erdmann, M., Escobar, C. O., Etchegoyen, A., Falcke, H., Farmer, J., Farrar, G., Fauth, A. C., Fazzini, N., Feldbusch, F., Fenu, F., Ferreyro, L. P., Figueira, J. M., Filipcic, A., Freire, M. M., Fujii, T., Fuster, A., Garcia, B., Gemmeke, H., Gherghel-Lascu, A., Ghia, P. L., Giaccari, U., Giammarchi, M., Giller, M., Glas, D., Glombitza, J., Gobbi, F., Golup, G., Gomez Berisso, M., Gomez Vitale, P. F., Gongora, J. P., Gonzalez, N., Goos, I., Gora, D., Gorgi, A., Gottowik, M., Grubb, T. D., Guarino, F., Guedes, G. P., Guido, E., Halliday, R., Hampel, M. R., Hansen, P., Harari, D., Harrison, T. A., Harvey, V. M., Haungs, A., Hebbeker, T., Heck, D., Heimann, P., Hill, G. C., Hojvat, C., Holt, E. M., Homola, P., Horandel, J. R., Horvath, P., Hrabovsky, M., Huege, T., Hulsman, J., Insolia, A., Isar, P. G., Jandt, I., Johnsen, J. A., Josebachuili, M., Jurysek, J., Kaapa, A., Kampert, K. H., Keilhauer, B., Kemmerich, N., Kemp, J., Klages, H. O., Kleifges, M., Kleinfeller, J., Krause, R., Kuempel, D., Kukec Mezek, G., Kuotb Awad, A., Lago, B. L., Lahurd, D., Lang, R. G., Legumina, R., Leigui de Oliveira, M. A., Lenok, V., Letessier-Selvon, A., Lhenry-Yvon, I., Lippmann, O. C., Lo Presti, D., Lopes, L., Lopez, R., Lopez Casado, A., Lorek, R., Luce, Q., Lucero, A., Malacari, M., Mancarella, G., Mandat, D., Manning, B. C., Mantsch, P., Mariazzi, A. G., Maris, I. C., Marsella, G., Martello, D., Martinez, H., Martinez Bravo, O., Mastrodicasa, M., Mathes, H. J., Mathys, S., Matthews, J., Matthiae, G., Mayotte, E., Mazur, P. O., Medina-Tanco, G., Melo, D., Menshikov, A., Merenda, K. -D., Michal, S., Micheletti, M. I., Middendorf, L., Miramonti, L., Mitrica, B., Mockler, D., Mollerach, S., Montanet, F., Morello, C., Morlino, G., Mostafa, M., Muller, A. L., Muller, M. A., Muller, S., Mussa, R., Nellen, L., Nguyen, P. H., Niculescu-Oglinzanu, M., Niechciol, M., Nitz, D., Nosek, D., Novotny, V., Noza, L., Nucita, A., Nunez, L. A., Olinto, A., Palatka, M., Pallotta, J., Panetta, M. P., Papenbreer, P., Parente, G., Parra, A., Pech, M., Pedreira, F., Pekala, J., Pelayo, R., Pena-Rodriguez, J., Pereira, L. A. S., Perlin, M., Perrone, L., Peters, C., Petrera, S., Phuntsok, J., Pierog, T., Pimenta, M., Pirronello, V., Platino, M., Poh, J., Pont, B., Porowski, C., Prado, R. R., Privitera, P., Prouza, M., Puyleart, A., Querchfeld, S., Quinn, S., Ramos-Pollan, R., Rautenberg, J., Ravignani, D., Reininghaus, M., Ridky, J., Riehn, F., Risse, M., Ristori, P., Rizi, V., Rodrigues de Carvalho, W., Rodriguez Rojo, J., Roncoroni, M. J., Roth, M., Roulet, E., Rovero, A. C., Ruehl, P., Saffi, S. J., Saftoiu, A., Salamida, F., Salazar, H., Salina, G., Sanabria Gomez, J. D., Sanchez, F., Santos, E. M., Santos, E., Sarazin, F., Sarmento, R., Sarmiento-Cano, C., Sato, R., Savina, P., Schauer, M., Scherini, V., Schieler, H., Schimassek, M., Schimp, M., Schluter, F., Schmidt, D., Scholten, O., Schovanek, P., Schroder, F. G., Schroder, S., Schumacher, J., Sciutto, S. J., Scornavacche, M., Shellard, R. C., Sigl, G., Silli, G., Sima, O., Smida, R., Snow, G. R., Sommers, P., Soriano, J. F., Souchard, J., Squartini, R., Stanca, D., Stanic, S., Stasielak, J., Stassi, P., Stolpovskiy, M., Streich, A., Suarez, F., Suarez-Duran, M., Sudholz, T., Suomijarvi, T., Supanitsky, A. D., Supik, J., Szadkowski, Z., Taboada, A., Taborda, O. A., Tapia, A., Timmermans, C., Todero Peixoto, C. J., Tome, B., Torralba Elipe, G., Travaini, A., Travnicek, P., Trini, M., Tueros, M., Ulrich, R., Unger, M., Urban, M., Valdes Galicia, J. F., Valino, I., Valore, L., van Bodegom, P., van den Berg, A. M., van Vliet, A., Varela, E., Vargas Cardenas, B., Veberic, D., Ventura, C., Vergara Quispe, I. D., Verzi, V., Vicha, J., Villasenor, L., Vink, J., Vorobiov, S., Wahlberg, H., Watson, A. A., Weber, M., Weindl, A., Wiedenski, M., Wiencke, L., Wilczynski, H., Winchen, T., Wirtz, M., Wittkowski, D., Wundheiler, B., Yang, L., Yushkov, A., Zas, E., Zavrtanik, D., Zavrtanik, M., Zehrer, L., Zepeda, A., Zimmermann, B., Ziolkowski, M., Zong, Z., Zuccarello, F., Physics, ITA, and Research unit Astroparticle Physics

Subjects
010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Astronomy, Field of view, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, Auger, lcsh:QB1-991, Observatory, ultraviolet, Storm, ddc:550, UHE Cosmic Rays, time resolution, Cosmic-ray observatory, Physics, lcsh:QE1-996.5, astro-ph, Geology, width [beam], Ionosphere, lcsh:Astronomy, UHE [cosmic radiation], Environmental Science (miscellaneous), horizon, Lightning, ddc:530, High Energy Physics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, fluorescence [detector], background, Física, sensitivity, optics, lcsh:Geology, Elves, UV fluorescence detectors, Thunderstorm, 13. Climate action, Experimental High Energy Physics, network, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, Elves
Abstract

The time and location of the 1,598 verified and reconstructed elves, used for the analysis showcased in this paper, are publicly available on the website of the Pierre Auger Observatory (https://www.auger.org/ index.php/science/data). We wish to thank the World Wide Lightning Location Network (http://wwlln.net), a collaboration among over 50 universities and institutions, for providing the lightning location data used in this paper. We acknowledge Robert Marshall for providing one of the most advanced elve simulations to the public, a key tool in understanding the elves observed by the Pierre Auger Observatory. The successful installation, commissioning, and operation of the Pierre Auger Observatory would not have been possible without the strong commitment and effort from the technical and administrative staff in Malargüe., Elves are a class of transient luminous events, with a radial extent typically greater than 250 km, that occur in the lower ionosphere above strong electrical storms. We report the observation of 1,598 elves, from 2014 to 2016, recorded with unprecedented time resolution (100 ns) using the fluorescence detector (FD) of the Pierre Auger Cosmic-Ray Observatory. The Auger Observatory is located in the Mendoza province of Argentina with a viewing footprint for elve observations of 3 · 106 km2, reaching areas above the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans, as well as the Córdoba region, which is known for severe convective thunderstorms. Primarily designed for ultrahigh energy cosmic-ray observations, the Auger FD turns out to be very sensitive to the ultraviolet emission in elves. The detector features modified Schmidt optics with large apertures resulting in a field of view that spans the horizon, and year-round operation on dark nights with low moonlight background, when the local weather is favorable. The measured light profiles of 18% of the elve events have more than one peak, compatible with intracloud activity. Within the 3-year sample, 72% of the elves correlate with the far-field radiation measurements of the World Wide Lightning Location Network. The Auger Observatory plans to continue operations until at least 2025, including elve observations and analysis. To the best of our knowledge, this observatory is the only facility on Earth that measures elves with year-round operation and full horizon coverage., Argentina—Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica; Agencia Nacional de Promoción Científica y Tecnológica (ANPCyT); Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET); Gobierno de la Provincia de Mendoza; Municipalidad de Malargüe; and NDM Holdings and Valle Las Leñas, in gratitude for their continuing cooperation over land access; Australia—the Australian Research Council; Brazil—Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq); Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos (FINEP); Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Rio de Janeiro (FAPERJ); São Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP) Grants 2010/07359-6 and 1999/05404-3; Ministério da Ciência, Tecnologia, Inovações e Comunicações (MCTIC); Czech Republic—Grants MSMT CRLTT18004, LO1305, LM2015038, and CZ.02.1.01/0.0/0.0/16_013/0001402; France—Centre de Calcul IN2P3/CNRS; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Conseil Régional Ile-de-France; Département Physique Nucléaire et Corpusculaire (PNC-IN2P3/CNRS); Département Sciences de l'Univers (SDU-INSU/CNRS); Institut Lagrange de Paris (ILP) Grant LABEX ANR-10-LABX-63 within the Investissements d'Avenir Programme Grant ANR-11-IDEX-0004-02; Germany—Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung (BMBF); Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG); Finanzministerium Baden-Württemberg; Helmholtz Alliance for Astroparticle Physics (HAP); Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft. Deutscher Forschungszentren (HGF); Ministerium für Innovation, Wissenschaft und Forschung des Landes Nordrhein-Westfalen; Ministerium für Wissenschaft, Forschung und Kunst des Landes Baden-Württemberg; Italy—Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN); Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF); Ministero dell'Istruzione, dell'Universitá e della Ricerca (MIUR); CETEMPS Center of Excellence; Ministero degli Affari Esteri (MAE); México—Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (CONACYT)167733; Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM); PAPIIT DGAPA-UNAM; The Netherlands—Ministry of Education, Culture and Science; Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research (NWO); Dutch National e-Infrastructure with the support of SURF Cooperative; Poland—National Centre for Research and Development, Grant ERA-NET-ASPERA/02/11; National Science Centre, Grants 2013/08/M/ST9/00322, 2016/23/B/ST9/01635, and HARMONIA 5–2013/10/M/ST9/00062, UMO-2016/22/M/ST9/00198; Portugal—Portuguese national funds and FEDER funds within Programa Operacional Factores de Competitividade through Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (COMPETE); Romania—Romanian Ministry of Research and InnovationCNCS/CCCDI-UESFISCDI, projects PN-III-P1-1.2-PCCDI-2017- 0839/19PCCDI/2018, PN-III-P2-2.1-PED-2016-1922, PN-III-P2-2.1-PED-2016-1659, and PN18090102 within PNCDI III; Slovenia—Slovenian Research Agency; Spain—Comunidad de Madrid; Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (FEDER) funds; Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad; Xunta de Galicia; European Community 7th Framework Program Grant FP7-PEOPLE-2012-IEF-328826; USA—Department of Energy, Contracts DE-AC02-07CH11359, DE-FR02-04ER41300, DE-FG02-99ER41107, and DE-SC0011689; National Science Foundation, Grant 0450696; The Grainger Foundation; Marie Curie-IRSES/EPLANET; European Particle Physics Latin American Network; European Union 7th Framework Program, Grant PIRSES-2009-GA-246806; and UNESCO.

Published
2020

35. Reconstruction of events recorded with the surface detector of the Pierre Auger Observatory

Author

Roberto Mussa, M. I. Micheletti, B. Tome, François Montanet, M. Schimassek, Frank G. Schröder, Peter Hansen, F. Guarino, John Matthews, Ioana Codrina Maris, Peter Buchholz, C. Hojvat, G. C. Hill, Jorge F. Soriano, Vladimir Lenok, Ralph Engel, L. Perrone, Jan Ebr, J. Ridky, Denis Stanca, A. Aab, Brian Fick, Eleonora Guido, Luis Villaseñor, John Farmer, Marco Aglietta, Markus Roth, Lorenzo Caccianiga, Julien Manshanden, Andres Travaini, E. Varela, H. J. Mathes, Maximilian Reininghaus, J.D. Sanabria Gomez, L. Nellen, B. Vargas Cárdenas, Maria-Teresa Dova, Jacco Vink, H.O. Klages, P. Savina, W. Rodrigues de Carvalho, Bjarni Pont, Stanislav Michal, C. Morello, Miroslav Pech, T. Suomijärvi, J. Pallotta, Alena Bakalova, M. Pothast, Pavel Horvath, B. L. Lago, Ralf Ulrich, A. M. Botti, Dusan Mandat, M. L. Díaz Castro, Teresa Bister, Valerio Verzi, M. R. Hampel, Valerio Pirronello, Niraj Dhital, J. Rodriguez Rojo, I. Valiño, Marvin Gottowik, Peter L. Biermann, Jeffrey A. Johnsen, A. A. Nucita, B. Andrada, Fridtjof Feldbusch, L. Calcagni, C. J. Todero Peixoto, Carla Bleve, Rodrigo Guedes Lang, Eric Mayotte, M. Gómez Berisso, G. Farrar, R. C. Shellard, Francesca Zuccarello, K. Choi, Matias Tueros, Sofia Andringa, Paula Gina Isar, F. Riehn, Marina Scornavacche, Paolo Privitera, Kai Daumiller, Günter Sigl, Paul Sommers, A. Blanco, L. Nožka, Enrique Zas, Fernando Contreras, Fred Sarazin, G. De Mauro, Mario Buscemi, Luis A. Anchordoqui, P. Tobiska, A. C. Fauth, Nataliia Borodai, Philipp Papenbreer, Jonathan Biteau, Nicolás González, T. Huege, R.J. Barreira Luz, Petr Travnicek, M. Schimp, F. Sánchez, Antonio Condorelli, Christine Peters, Luis A. Nunez, H. Wilczyński, M. Zavrtanik, P. Stassi, Jörg R. Hörandel, Darko Veberič, R.C. dos Anjos, Radomir Smida, Adriana Vásquez-Ramírez, A. Machado Payeras, Carla Bonifazi, M. Palatka, B. C. Manning, Jose A. Bellido, Isabel Goos, Jeffrey Brack, Olaf Scholten, Trent D. Grubb, Christian Sarmiento-Cano, Humberto Ibarguen Salazar, Fabio Convenga, Martin Vacula, Marcus Niechciol, D. Heck, A.L. Garcia Vegas, R. Squartini, E. De Vito, Giovanni Consolati, M. A. Muller, Alfred Müller, A. Di Matteo, A. Taboada, M. del Río, I. Lhenry-Yvon, Juan Manuel Figueira, Jesús Peña-Rodríguez, Francesco Fenu, B. Wundheiler, A. Puyleart, Corinne Berat, M. Giller, Roberta Colalillo, Fernando Gollan, Maria Rita Coluccia, A. G. Mariazzi, Heino Falcke, A. Fuster, J. Vicha, S. Querchfeld, Gaia Silli, I.D. Vergara Quispe, P.F. Gómez Vitale, D. Nosek, M.P. Panetta, Miguel Mostafa, Petr Schovanek, G. Medina-Tanco, R. Halliday, Charles Timmermans, V. de Souza, Olena Tkachenko, Martina Bohacova, A. Filipčič, F. Salamida, Hernán Asorey, A. Yushkov, G. Matthiae, Antonio Bueno, E. Santos, J. Šupík, Carlo Ventura, Hernan Wahlberg, D. Melo, A. Tapia, Juan Pablo Gongora, G. Torralba Elipe, H. Gemmeke, J. Rautenberg, Gualberto Avila, S. Petrera, Marc Weber, Q. Luce, G. P. Guedes, Toshihiro Fujii, G. Marsella, Dariusz Gora, Ladislav Chytka, Massimo Mastrodicasa, L. Valore, M. Unger, D. Mockler, A. Parra, P. Ruehl, Samo Stanič, A. Weindl, E. M. Santos, Maximilian Stadelmaier, R. Sato, G. Golup, J. F. Valdés Galicia, I. De Mitri, Jakub Juryšek, J. Debatin, A. Bridgeman, Alan Coleman, V. Novotny, J. Hulsman, Rossella Caruso, A. Lucero, Fernando Catalani, David Schmidt, S. Schröder, S. J. Saffi, R. Alves Batista, Bruce R. Dawson, Caterina Trimarelli, Italo Epicoco, Steffen Hahn, P. Ristori, P.O. Mazur, Juan Carlos D'Olivo, T. Pierog, D. Lo Presti, Sullivan Marafico, M. Trini, M. A. Leigui de Oliveira, Xavier Bertou, A. Zepeda, Violet M. Harvey, D. Harari, Esteban Roulet, Pedro Assis, H. Martinez, S. J. De Jong, A. Etchegoyen, Justin M. Albury, Pierre Billoir, F. Pedreira, Marco Giammarchi, Raul Sarmento, Jarryd A. Day, A. Saftoiu, Felix Schlüter, A. Cancio, J. Stasielak, Fabian Gobbi, Piera Luisa Ghia, A.C. Cobos Cerutti, Thomas Hebbeker, Sergio Dasso, Tristan Sudholz, Alina Mihaela Badescu, Cristina Galea, Martín Miguel Freire, M. Prouza, J. R. T. de Mello Neto, I. Allekotte, M. J. Roncoroni, L. Bonneau Arbeletche, Denise Boncioli, R. M. de Almeida, Jose Chinellato, Rodrigo Pelayo, Stijn Buitink, Ioana Caracas, A. Letessier-Selvon, Lorenzo Cazon, Alessio Gorgi, Orazio Zapparrata, Carola Dobrigkeit, M. Muzio, A. van Vliet, David Wittkowski, G. Salina, Danielle LaHurd, Olivier Deligny, Tomáš Fodran, R. Lorek, Ugo Giaccari, Alan Watson, M. Perlin, Mihai Niculescu-Oglinzanu, J. Alvarez Castillo, Julian Kemp, R. Conceição, Miroslav Hrabovský, A. Haungs, P. Mantsch, Z. Szadkowski, Alex Kääpä, Octavian Sima, L. Lopes, Jaime Alvarez-Muñiz, H. Schieler, Alexandru Gherghel-Lascu, Q. Dorosti, Lukáš Vaclavek, G. Mancarella, B. Keilhauer, André Schulz, Karl-Heinz Kampert, S. J. Sciutto, Juan Miguel Carceller, Antonella Castellina, D. Nitz, M. Risse, L. R. Wiencke, Jonathan Blazek, C. M. Schäfer, G. Parente, Fabrizia Canfora, L. Zehrer, J. de Oliveira, Alejandro Almela, Thomas Bretz, Corbin Covault, G. Kukec Mezek, Lino Miramonti, M. E. Bertaina, D. de Oliveira Franco, A. Menshikov, P. Abreu, D. Ravignani, Marcel Köpke, M. Platino, Max Malacari, J. Perez Armand, Claudio Galelli, K.-H. Becker, M. Pimenta, P.R. Araújo Ferreira, Tobias Winchen, Florian Lukas Briechle, Silvia Mollerach, B. García, N. Fazzini, Jonas Glombitza, F. C. T. Barbato, R. López, Karen S. Caballero-Mora, Martin Erdmann, J. de Jesús, A. Streich, Gioacchino Alex Anastasi, M. Wirtz, J. Chudoba, Roger W Clay, G. Cataldi, V. Scherini, Serguei Vorobiov, A. Insolia, M. Kleifges, D. Zavrtanik, A.D. Supanitsky, J. Pȩkala, Flavia Gesualdi, Marcos Cerda, M. Urban, W. M. Namasaka, A. C. Rovero, Alexandru Balaceanu, M. Suárez-Durán, Carla Aramo, Vincenzo Rizi, Julien Souchard, D. Martello, M. Ziolkowski, O. Martínez Bravo, K. Mulrey, J. Kleinfeller, Carlos Escobar, Kevin-Druis Merenda, Aab, A., Abreu, P., Aglietta, M., Albury, J. M., Allekotte, I., Almela, A., Castillo, J. A., Alvarez-Muñiz, J., Batista, R. A., Anastasi, G. A., Anchordoqui, L., Andrada, B., Andringa, S., Aramo, C., Ferreira, P. R. A., Asorey, H., Assis, P., Avila, G., Badescu, A. M., Bakalova, A., Balaceanu, A., Barbato, F., Luz, R. J. B., Becker, K. H., Bellido, J. A., Berat, C., Bertaina, M. E., Bertou, X., Biermann, P. L., Billoir, P., Bister, T., Biteau, J., Blanco, A., Blazek, J., Bleve, C., Bohacova, M., Boncioli, D., Bonifazi, C., Arbeletche, L. B., Borodai, N., Botti, A. M., Brack, J., Bretz, T., Bridgeman, A., Briechle, F. L., Buchholz, P., Bueno, A., Buitink, S., Buscemi, M., Caballero-Mora, K. S., Caccianiga, L., Calcagni, L., Cancio, A., Canfora, F., Caracas, I., Carceller, J. M., Caruso, R., Castellina, A., Catalani, F., Cataldi, G., Cazon, L., Cerda, M., Chinellato, J. A., Choi, K., Chudoba, J., Chytka, L., Clay, R. W., Cerutti, A. C. C., Colalillo, R., Coleman, A., Coluccia, M. R., Conceicao, R., Condorelli, A., Consolati, G., Contreras, F., Convenga, F., Covault, C. E., Dasso, S., Daumiller, K., Dawson, B. R., Day, J. A., De Almeida, R. M., De Jesus, J., De Jong, S. J., Mauro, G. D., Neto, J. R. T. D. M., Mitri, I. D., De Oliveira, J., Franco, D. D. O., De Souza, V., Vito, E. D., Debatin, J., Rio, M. D., Deligny, O., Dhital, N., Matteo, A. D., Castro, M. L. D., Dobrigkeit, C., D'Olivo, J. C., Dorosti, Q., Anjos, R. C. D., Dova, M. T., Ebr, J., Engel, R., Epicoco, I., Erdmann, M., Escobar, C. O., Etchegoyen, A., Falcke, H., Farmer, J., Farrar, G., Fauth, A. C., Fazzini, N., Feldbusch, F., Fenu, F., Fick, B., Figueira, J. M., Filipcic, A., Fodran, T., Freire, M. M., Fujii, T., Fuster, A., Galea, C., Galelli, C., Garcia, B., Vegas, A. L. G., Gemmeke, H., Gesualdi, F., Gherghel-Lascu, A., Ghia, P. L., Giaccari, U., Giammarchi, M., Giller, M., Glombitza, J., Gobbi, F., Gollan, F., Golup, G., Berisso, M. G., Vitale, P. F. G., Gongora, J. P., Gonzalez, N., Goos, I., Gora, D., Gorgi, A., Gottowik, M., Grubb, T. D., Guarino, F., Guedes, G. P., Guido, E., Hahn, S., Halliday, R., Hampel, M. R., Hansen, P., Harari, D., Harvey, V. M., Haungs, A., Hebbeker, T., Heck, D., Hill, G. C., Hojvat, C., Horandel, J. R., Horvath, P., Hrabovsky, M., Huege, T., Hulsman, J., Insolia, A., Isar, P. G., Johnsen, J. A., Jurysek, J., Kaapa, A., Kampert, K. H., Keilhauer, B., Kemp, J., Klages, H. O., Kleifges, M., Kleinfeller, J., Kopke, M., Mezek, G. K., Lago, B. L., Lahurd, D., Lang, R. G., De Oliveira, M. A. L., Lenok, V., Letessier-Selvon, A., Lhenry-Yvon, I., Presti, D. L., Lopes, L., Lopez, R., Lorek, R., Luce, Q., Lucero, A., Payeras, A. M., Malacari, M., Mancarella, G., Mandat, D., Manning, B. C., Manshanden, J., Mantsch, P., Marafico, S., Mariazzi, A. G., Maris, I. C., Marsella, G., Martello, D., Martinez, H., Bravo, O. M., Mastrodicasa, M., Mathes, H. J., Matthews, J., Matthiae, G., Mayotte, E., Mazur, P. O., Medina-Tanco, G., Melo, D., Menshikov, A., Merenda, K. -D., Michal, S., Micheletti, M. I., Miramonti, L., Mockler, D., Mollerach, S., Montanet, F., Morello, C., Mostafa, M., Muller, A. L., Muller, M. A., Mulrey, K., Mussa, R., Muzio, M., Namasaka, W. M., Nellen, L., Niculescu-Oglinzanu, M., Niechciol, M., Nitz, D., Nosek, D., Novotny, V., Nozka, L., Nucita, A., Nuñez, L. A., Palatka, M., Pallotta, J., Panetta, M. P., Papenbreer, P., Parente, G., Parra, A., Pech, M., Pedreira, F., Pkala, J., Pelayo, R., Peña-Rodriguez, J., Armand, J. P., Perlin, M., Perrone, L., Peters, C., Petrera, S., Pierog, T., Pimenta, M., Pirronello, V., Platino, M., Pont, B., Pothast, M., Privitera, P., Prouza, M., Puyleart, A., Querchfeld, S., Rautenberg, J., Ravignani, D., Reininghaus, M., Ridky, J., Riehn, F., Risse, M., Ristori, P., Rizi, V., De Carvalho, W. R., Rojo, J. R., Roncoroni, M. J., Roth, M., Roulet, E., Rovero, A. C., Ruehl, P., Saffi, S. J., Saftoiu, A., Salamida, F., Salazar, H., Salina, G., Gomez, J. D. S., Sanchez, F., Santos, E. M., Santos, E., Sarazin, F., Sarmento, R., Sarmiento-Cano, C., Sato, R., Savina, P., Schafer, C., Scherini, V., Schieler, H., Schimassek, M., Schimp, M., Schluter, F., Schmidt, D., Scholten, O., Schovanek, P., Schroder, F. G., Schroder, S., Schulz, A., Sciutto, S. J., Scornavacche, M., Shellard, R. C., Sigl, G., Silli, G., Sima, O., Smida, R., Sommers, P., Soriano, J. F., Souchard, J., Squartini, R., Stadelmaier, M., Stanca, D., Stanic, S., Stasielak, J., Stassi, P., Streich, A., Suarez-Duran, M., Sudholz, T., Suomijarvi, T., Supanitsky, A. D., Supik, J., Szadkowski, Z., Taboada, A., Tapia, A., Timmermans, C., Tkachenko, O., Tobiska, P., Peixoto, C. J. T., Tome, B., Elipe, G. T., Travaini, A., Travnicek, P., Trimarelli, C., Trini, M., Tueros, M., Ulrich, R., Unger, M., Urban, M., Vaclavek, L., Vacula, M., Galicia, J. F. V., Valiño, I., Valore, L., Vliet, A. V., Varela, E., Cardenas, B. V., Vasquez-Ramirez, A., Veberic, D., Ventura, C., Quispe, I. D. V., Verzi, V., Vicha, J., Villaseñor, L., Vink, J., Vorobiov, S., Wahlberg, H., Watson, A. A., Weber, M., Weindl, A., Wiencke, L., Wilczynski, H., Winchen, T., Wirtz, M., Wittkowski, D., Wundheiler, B., Yushkov, A., Zapparrata, O., Zas, E., Zavrtanik, D., Zavrtanik, M., Zehrer, L., Zepeda, A., Ziolkowski, M., Zuccarello, F., Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Énergies (LPNHE (UMR_7585)), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Institut de Physique Nucléaire d'Orsay (IPNO), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Pierre Auger, Research unit Astroparticle Physics, Physics, Elementary Particle Physics, Aab A., Abreu P., Aglietta M., Albury J.M., Allekotte I., Almela A., Castillo J.A., Alvarez-Muñiz J., Batista R.A., Anastasi G.A., Anchordoqui L., Andrada B., Andringa S., Aramo C., Ferreira P.R.A., Asorey H., Assis P., Avila G., Badescu A.M., Bakalova A., Balaceanu A., Barbato F., Luz R.J.B., Becker K.H., Bellido J.A., Berat C., Bertaina M.E., Bertou X., Biermann P.L., Billoir P., Bister T., Biteau J., Blanco A., Blazek J., Bleve C., Bohacova M., Boncioli D., Bonifazi C., Arbeletche L.B., Borodai N., Botti A.M., Brack J., Bretz T., Bridgeman A., Briechle F.L., Buchholz P., Bueno A., Buitink S., Buscemi M., Caballero-Mora K.S., Caccianiga L., Calcagni L., Cancio A., Canfora F., Caracas I., Carceller J.M., Caruso R., Castellina A., Catalani F., Cataldi G., Cazon L., Cerda M., Chinellato J.A., Choi K., Chudoba J., Chytka L., Clay R.W., Cerutti A.C.C., Colalillo R., Coleman A., Coluccia M.R., Conceicao R., Condorelli A., Consolati G., Contreras F., Convenga F., Covault C.E., Dasso S., Daumiller K., Dawson B.R., Day J.A., De Almeida R.M., De Jesus J., De Jong S.J., Mauro G.D., Neto J.R.T.D.M., Mitri I.D., De Oliveira J., Franco D.D.O., De Souza V., Vito E.D., Debatin J., Rio M.D., Deligny O., Dhital N., Matteo A.D., Castro M.L.D., Dobrigkeit C., D'Olivo J.C., Dorosti Q., Anjos R.C.D., Dova M.T., Ebr J., Engel R., Epicoco I., Erdmann M., Escobar C.O., Etchegoyen A., Falcke H., Farmer J., Farrar G., Fauth A.C., Fazzini N., Feldbusch F., Fenu F., Fick B., Figueira J.M., Filipcic A., Fodran T., Freire M.M., Fujii T., Fuster A., Galea C., Galelli C., Garcia B., Vegas A.L.G., Gemmeke H., Gesualdi F., Gherghel-Lascu A., Ghia P.L., Giaccari U., Giammarchi M., Giller M., Glombitza J., Gobbi F., Gollan F., Golup G., Berisso M.G., Vitale P.F.G., Gongora J.P., Gonzalez N., Goos I., Gora D., Gorgi A., Gottowik M., Grubb T.D., Guarino F., Guedes G.P., Guido E., Hahn S., Halliday R., Hampel M.R., Hansen P., Harari D., Harvey V.M., Haungs A., Hebbeker T., Heck D., Hill G.C., Hojvat C., Horandel J.R., Horvath P., Hrabovsky M., Huege T., Hulsman J., Insolia A., Isar P.G., Johnsen J.A., Jurysek J., Kaapa A., Kampert K.H., Keilhauer B., Kemp J., Klages H.O., Kleifges M., Kleinfeller J., Kopke M., Mezek G.K., Lago B.L., Lahurd D., Lang R.G., De Oliveira M.A.L., Lenok V., Letessier-Selvon A., Lhenry-Yvon I., Presti D.L., Lopes L., Lopez R., Lorek R., Luce Q., Lucero A., Payeras A.M., Malacari M., Mancarella G., Mandat D., Manning B.C., Manshanden J., Mantsch P., Marafico S., Mariazzi A.G., Maris I.C., Marsella G., Martello D., Martinez H., Bravo O.M., Mastrodicasa M., Mathes H.J., Matthews J., Matthiae G., Mayotte E., Mazur P.O., Medina-Tanco G., Melo D., Menshikov A., Merenda K.-D., Michal S., Micheletti M.I., Miramonti L., Mockler D., Mollerach S., Montanet F., Morello C., Mostafa M., Muller A.L., Muller M.A., Mulrey K., Mussa R., Muzio M., Namasaka W.M., Nellen L., Niculescu-Oglinzanu M., Niechciol M., Nitz D., Nosek D., Novotny V., Nozka L., Nucita A., Nuñez L.A., Palatka M., Pallotta J., Panetta M.P., Papenbreer P., Parente G., Parra A., Pech M., Pedreira F., Pkala J., Pelayo R., Peña-Rodriguez J., Armand J.P., Perlin M., Perrone L., Peters C., Petrera S., Pierog T., Pimenta M., Pirronello V., Platino M., Pont B., Pothast M., Privitera P., Prouza M., Puyleart A., Querchfeld S., Rautenberg J., Ravignani D., Reininghaus M., Ridky J., Riehn F., Risse M., Ristori P., Rizi V., De Carvalho W.R., Rojo J.R., Roncoroni M.J., Roth M., Roulet E., Rovero A.C., Ruehl P., Saffi S.J., Saftoiu A., Salamida F., Salazar H., Salina G., Gomez J.D.S., Sanchez F., Santos E.M., Santos E., Sarazin F., Sarmento R., Sarmiento-Cano C., Sato R., Savina P., Schafer C., Scherini V., Schieler H., Schimassek M., Schimp M., Schluter F., Schmidt D., Scholten O., Schovanek P., Schroder F.G., Schroder S., Schulz A., Sciutto S.J., Scornavacche M., Shellard R.C., Sigl G., Silli G., Sima O., Smida R., Sommers P., Soriano J.F., Souchard J., Squartini R., Stadelmaier M., Stanca D., Stanic S., Stasielak J., Stassi P., Streich A., Suarez-Duran M., Sudholz T., Suomijarvi T., Supanitsky A.D., Supik J., Szadkowski Z., Taboada A., Tapia A., Timmermans C., Tkachenko O., Tobiska P., Peixoto C.J.T., Tome B., Elipe G.T., Travaini A., Travnicek P., Trimarelli C., Trini M., Tueros M., Ulrich R., Unger M., Urban M., Vaclavek L., Vacula M., Galicia J.F.V., Valiño I., Valore L., Vliet A.V., Varela E., Cardenas B.V., Vasquez-Ramirez A., Veberic D., Ventura C., Quispe I.D.V., Verzi V., Vicha J., Villaseñor L., Vink J., Vorobiov S., Wahlberg H., Watson A.A., Weber M., Weindl A., Wiencke L., Wilczynski H., Winchen T., Wirtz M., Wittkowski D., Wundheiler B., Yushkov A., Zapparrata O., Zas E., Zavrtanik D., Zavrtanik M., Zehrer L., Zepeda A., Ziolkowski M., Zuccarello F., and High Energy Astrophys. & Astropart. Phys (API, FNWI)

Subjects
Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Astronomy, primary [cosmic radiation], 01 natural sciences, 030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging, Auger, High Energy Physics - Experiment, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), 0302 clinical medicine, surface [detector], Observatory, [PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex], Data Processing, Large detector systems for particle and astroparticle physics, Large detector-systems performance, Performance of High Energy Physics Detectors, Instrumentation, Mathematical Physics, Largedetector-systems performance, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Physics, astro-ph.HE, Instrumentation et méthodes en physique, Detector, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, cascade, observatory, Cascade, ddc:620, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, atmosphere [showers], air, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, water, FOS: Physical sciences, Cosmic ray, Atmosphere, 03 medical and health sciences, Optics, 0103 physical sciences, High Energy Physics, 14. Life underwater, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], ddc:610, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), Zenith, Engineering & allied operations, Pierre Auger Observatory, showers: atmosphere, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, business.industry, hep-ex, detector: surface, Autres mathématiques, cosmic radiation: primary, Cherenkov counter, Experimental High Energy Physics, Large detector systems for particle and astroparticle physic, High Energy Physics::Experiment, business, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], RAIOS CÓSMICOS, astro-ph.IM
Abstract

Cosmic rays arriving at Earth collide with the upper parts of the atmosphere, thereby inducing extensive air showers. When secondary particles from the cascade arrive at the ground, they are measured by surface detector arrays. We describe the methods applied to the measurements of the surface detector of the Pierre Auger Observatory to reconstruct events with zenith angles less than 60 using the timing and signal information recorded using the water-Cherenkov detector stations. In addition, we assess the accuracy of these methods in reconstructing the arrival directions of the primary cosmic ray particles and the sizes of the induced showers., Argentina - Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica, Argentina - Agencia Nacional de Promoción Científica y Tecnológica (ANPCyT), Argentina - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Argentina - Gobierno de la Provincia de Mendoza, Argentina - Municipalidad de Malargue, Argentina - NDM Holdings, Argentina - Valle Las Lenas, Australia - Australian Research Council, National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq), Brazil - Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos (FINEP), Carlos Chagas Filho Foundation for Research Support of the State of Rio de Janeiro (FAPERJ), Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo (FAPESP) 2019/10151-2 2010/07359-6 1999/05404-3, Brazil - Ministerio da Ciencia, Tecnologia, Inovacoes e Comunicacoes (MCTIC), Czech Republic Grant MSMT CR LTT18004 LM2015038 LM2018102 CZ.02.1.01/0.0/0.0/16_013/0001402 CZ.02.1.01/0.0/0.0/18_046/0016010 CZ.02.1.01/0.0/0.0/17_049/0008422, France - Centre de Calcul IN2P3/CNRS, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), France - Conseil Regional Ile-de-France, France - Departement Physique Nucleaire et Corpusculaire (PNC-IN2P3/CNRS), France - Departement Sciences de l'Univers (SDU-INSU/CNRS), French National Research Agency (ANR) LABEX ANR-10-LABX-63 ANR11-IDEX-0004-02, Federal Ministry of Education & Research (BMBF), German Research Foundation (DFG), Germany - Finanzministerium Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany - Helmholtz Alliance for Astroparticle Physics (HAP), Germany - Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft Deutscher Forschungszentren (HGF), Germany - Min-isterium fur Innovation, Wissenschaft und Forschung des Landes Nordrhein-Westfalen, Germany - Ministerium fur Wissenschaft, Forschung und Kunst des Landes Baden-Wurttemberg, Italy - Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN), Italy - Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF), Italy - Ministero dell'Istruzione, dell'Universita e della Ricerca (MIUR), Italy - CETEMPS Center of Excellence, Italy - Ministero degli Affari Esteri (MAE), Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (CONACyT) 167733, México - Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), México - PAPIIT DGAPA-UNAM, The Netherlands - Ministry of Education, Culture and Science, Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (NWO), The Netherlands - Dutch national e-infrastructure, The Netherlands - SURF Cooperative, Poland - Ministry of Science and Higher Education DIR/WK/2018/11, Poland - National Science Centre 2013/08/M/ST9/00322 2016/23/B/ST9/01635 HARMONIA 52013/10/M/ST9/00062 UMO-2016/22/M/ST9/00198, Portugal - Portuguese national funds, Portugal - FEDER funds within Programa Operacional Factores de Competitividade through Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia (COMPETE), Romania - Romanian Ministry of Education and Research, the Program Nucleu within MCI PN19150201/16N/2019 PN19060102, Romania - Romanian Ministry of Education and Research, the Program Nucleu within PNCDI III PN-III-P11.2-PCCDI-2017-0839/19PCCDI/2018, Slovenian Research Agency - Slovenia P1-0031 P1-0385 I0-0033 N1-0111, Spain - Ministerio de Economía, Industria y Competitividad FPA2017-85114-P FPA2017-85197-P, Spain - Xunta de Galicia ED431C 2017/07, Junta de Andalucía SOMM17/6104/UGR, Spain - Feder Funds, Spain - RENATARedNacional Tematica de Astroparticulas FPA2015-68783-REDT, Spain - Maria de MaeztuUnit of Excellence MDM-2016-0692, United States Department of Energy (DOE) DE-AC02-07CH11359 DE-FR02-04ER41300 DEFG02-99ER41107 DE-SC0011689, National Science Foundation (NSF) 0450696, U.S.A. - Grainger Foundation, U.S.A. - Marie Curie-IRSES/EPLANET, U.S.A. - European Particle Physics Latin American Network, U.S.A. - UNESCO

Published
2020
Full Text
View/download PDF

36. Contributors

Author

Itziar Abete, Xabier Agirre, Jennie Ahlgren, Gorka Alkorta-Aranburu, Rocío Aller, Cristina Andres-Lacueva, Daniel Antonio de Luis, Darwin Babino, Shimrit Bar-El Dadon, Maria Luisa Bonet, Laura Bordoni, Patrick Borel, Annet M. Bosch, Steven Brown, Dolores Busso, Nadia Calabriso, Antonio Capurso, Cristiano Capurso, Marica Cariello, Maria Annunziata Carluccio, Patricia Casas-Agustench, Carol L. Cheatham, Adela Chirita-Emandi, Geetha Chittoor, Myung-Sook Choi, Sang-Woon Choi, Paul Cordero, Fernando J. Corrales, Víctor Cortés, Nicholas C.P. Cross, Ana B. Crujeiras, Rui Curi, Raffaele De Caterina, David de Lorenzo, Charles Desmarchelier, Olivia Dong, Ramón Estruch, Teresa Ezponda, Michael Fenech, Lynnette R. Ferguson, Karina Fischer, Luigi Fontana, Simonetta Friso, Rosita Gabbianelli, Marat Garaulet, Oihane Garcia-Irigoyen, Angel Gil, Purificación Gómez-Abellán, Ulf Görman, William S. Harris, Alain de J. Hernandez-Vazquez, Paul Hugenholtz, Lara K. Hyde, Clara Ibáñez, Olatz Izaola, Peter J.H. Jones, Richard Kirwan, Martin Kohlmeier, Natalia I. Krupenko, Eun-Young Kwon, Dudley W. Lamming, Rosa M. Lamuela-Raventos, Dominique Langin, Simon Langley-Evans, Cátia Lira do Amaral, Jesus Lopez-Minguez, Rosalinda Madonna, Maria L. Mansego, Clarisse Marotz, J. Alfredo Martinez, Marika Massaro, Susan McRitchie, Bayan Mesmar, Fermín I. Milagro, María J. Moreno-Aliaga, Isabel Moreno-Indias, Antonio Moschetta, Santiago Navas-Carretero, Mihai Niculescu, Karin Nordström, Francisco J. Novo, Jude A. Oben, Leticia Odriozola, Jose M. Ordovas, Andreu Palou, Virginia R. Parslow, Wimal Pathmasiri, José Luis Pérez-Castrillón, Louis Pérusse, Elena Piccinin, Julio Plaza-Diaz, Felipe Prósper, Lu Qi, Jessica C. Ralston, Ana Ramírez de Molina, George Rasti, Ram Reifen, Giulia Renda, José A. Riancho, José Antonio Riancho del Moral, Fernando Rivadeneira, Helen M. Roche, Marta Ruiz-Mambrilla, Francisco Javier Ruiz-Ojeda, Francisca Salas-Pérez, Rodrigo San-Cristobal, Nicolás Santander, José L. Santos, Jörg Saupe, Egeria Scoditti, Charles N. Serhan, Nicolas G. Simonet, Artemis P. Simopoulos, Nanette Steinle, Susan C.J. Sumner, Francisco J. Tinahones, Alejandro Vaquero, Itzel Vazquez-Vidal, Antonio Velazquez-Arellano, Nathalie Viguerie, Manlio Vinciguerra, Francesco Visioli, José L. Vizmanos, Johannes von Lintig, Venkata Saroja Voruganti, Ronald J.A. Wanders, Tiange Wang, Tim Wiltshire, Deyang Yu, Amir Zarrinpar, Steven H. Zeisel, and Maria Angeles Zulet

Published
2020

37. Direct measurement of the muonic content of extensive air showers between $\mathbf { 2\times 10^{17}}$ and $\mathbf {2\times 10^{18}}~$eV at the Pierre Auger Observatory

Author

P. Tobiska, Bjarni Pont, H. J. Mathes, Stanislav Michal, S. Schröder, Italo Epicoco, A. Di Matteo, L. Lopes, B. Wundheiler, Jaime Alvarez-Muñiz, Alexandru Gherghel-Lascu, Lukáš Vaclavek, B. Keilhauer, Ioana Codrina Maris, S. J. Sciutto, J. Rodriguez Rojo, Fridtjof Feldbusch, Alessio Gorgi, D. Melo, G. C. Hill, Juan Miguel Carceller, Jorge F. Soriano, Ralph Engel, Enrique Zas, Orazio Zapparrata, J. Stasielak, L. Calcagni, Kai Daumiller, R. Sato, J. Ridky, Roberto Mussa, Fernando Contreras, Luis Villaseñor, J. Rautenberg, K.-H. Becker, Q. Luce, M. Pimenta, Carola Dobrigkeit, M. Muzio, Maximilian Stadelmaier, Darko Veberič, Maximilian Reininghaus, J. F. Valdés Galicia, I. De Mitri, P.R. Araújo Ferreira, Tobias Winchen, Marvin Gottowik, François Montanet, Alan Watson, M. A. Leigui de Oliveira, M. Perlin, Eric Mayotte, M. Gómez Berisso, Mihai Niculescu-Oglinzanu, J. Alvarez Castillo, Gaia Silli, A. Filipčič, Eleonora Guido, R. C. Shellard, Florian Lukas Briechle, F. Sarazin, T. Huege, Heino Falcke, D. Nitz, A. van Vliet, S. Petrera, L. Nellen, Denise Boncioli, Hernan Wahlberg, P. Abreu, Jeffrey Brack, Olaf Scholten, Mario Buscemi, Marc Weber, Humberto Ibarguen Salazar, R. M. de Almeida, D. Ravignani, J. Vicha, L. R. Wiencke, David Wittkowski, G. Salina, Danielle LaHurd, Olivier Deligny, Lorenzo Caccianiga, C. Morello, Jesús Peña-Rodríguez, E. M. Santos, Dusan Mandat, M. L. Díaz Castro, G. Farrar, R. Squartini, R. Lorek, Ugo Giaccari, Miguel Mostafa, J. Kleinfeller, Bruce R. Dawson, Francesca Zuccarello, B. Tome, P.O. Mazur, Rodrigo Pelayo, K. H. Kampert, Peter L. Biermann, Stijn Buitink, Valerio Verzi, Alfred Müller, A. Aab, Violet M. Harvey, D. Harari, C. M. Schäfer, Jose Chinellato, L. Bonneau Arbeletche, Paolo Privitera, Massimo Mastrodicasa, A. López Casado, Frank G. Schröder, Marcel Köpke, Max Malacari, M. Platino, Samo Stanič, R. Conceição, Miroslav Hrabovský, Julien Manshanden, Ioana Caracas, Kevin-Druis Merenda, A. Letessier-Selvon, Dariusz Gora, Andres Travaini, F. Guarino, John Matthews, Flavia Gesualdi, A. Haungs, J. Perez Armand, Matias Tueros, Alina Mihaela Badescu, Cristina Galea, B. L. Lago, Lorenzo Cazon, E. Varela, Peter Buchholz, J.D. Sanabria Gomez, A. Taboada, M. Prouza, P. Mantsch, G. Matthiae, Z. Szadkowski, A. Parra, R.J. Barreira Luz, Luis A. Nunez, Alan Coleman, Christian Sarmiento-Cano, Marco Aglietta, Marcus Niechciol, S. J. Saffi, G. Medina-Tanco, R. Halliday, P.F. Gómez Vitale, Alena Bakalova, Claudio Galelli, Thomas Hebbeker, Paula Gina Isar, S. Müller, Giovanni Marsella, D. Nosek, E. Santos, F. Riehn, A. Fuster, B. García, Sergio Dasso, Tristan Sudholz, S. Querchfeld, R. López, Karen S. Caballero-Mora, F. Pedreira, Marina Scornavacche, Martín Miguel Freire, Markus Roth, F. Salamida, A. Yushkov, J. Šupík, Carlo Ventura, Raul Sarmento, Jonathan Biteau, Felix Schlüter, Nicolás González, Fabian Gobbi, M. Schimp, G. P. Guedes, Martin Erdmann, Toshihiro Fujii, Ladislav Chytka, G. Cataldi, Antonio Bueno, A. Weindl, P. Ristori, J. de Jesús, B. C. Manning, V. Scherini, Jakub Juryšek, A. Streich, J. Debatin, D. Mockler, David Schmidt, A. Tapia, Gioacchino Alex Anastasi, M. Wirtz, P. Ruehl, Alexandra Saftoiu, A. Puyleart, Corinne Berat, M. Giller, Roger W Clay, G. Kukec Mezek, Steffen Hahn, Juan Carlos D'Olivo, T. Pierog, M. Trini, J. Hulsman, M. E. Bertaina, Esteban Roulet, Justin M. Albury, Francesco Fenu, Valerio Pirronello, H. Gemmeke, A. Menshikov, Denis Stanca, C. J. Todero Peixoto, Piera Luisa Ghia, Miroslav Pech, M. Pothast, Jeffrey A. Johnsen, M. Schimassek, C. Hojvat, Jan Ebr, Pavel Horvath, C. O. Escobar, A. Insolia, H. Wilczyński, Günter Sigl, M. Unger, M. Kleifges, D. Zavrtanik, A.D. Supanitsky, J. Pȩkala, B. Andrada, P. Stassi, A. Cancio, Sofia Andringa, Radomir Smida, A. Machado Payeras, Jacco Vink, V. de Souza, Gualberto Avila, P. Savina, H.O. Klages, M. I. Micheletti, M.P. Panetta, I. Allekotte, M. J. Roncoroni, A. A. Nucita, Ralf Ulrich, B. Vargas Cárdenas, T. Suomijärvi, J. Pallotta, John Farmer, Brian Fick, A. M. Botti, Maria-Teresa Dova, M. R. Hampel, Niraj Dhital, I. Valiño, L. Nožka, Jörg R. Hörandel, R.C. dos Anjos, M. Zavrtanik, Adriana Vásquez-Ramírez, M. Palatka, A. C. Fauth, Giovanni Consolati, Carla Bonifazi, Jose A. Bellido, Fabio Convenga, M. Urban, W. M. Namasaka, A. C. Rovero, Petr Schovanek, Alexandru Balaceanu, M. Suárez-Durán, Carla Aramo, Vincenzo Rizi, I.D. Vergara Quispe, Julien Souchard, D. Martello, M. Ziolkowski, O. Martínez Bravo, Silvia Mollerach, N. Fazzini, Jonas Glombitza, F. C. T. Barbato, J. Chudoba, Serguei Vorobiov, O. A. Taborda, Marcos Cerda, D. Lo Presti, S. J. De Jong, Jarryd A. Day, A.C. Cobos Cerutti, J. R. T. de Mello Neto, W. Rodrigues de Carvalho, Teresa Bister, G. Golup, Nataliia Borodai, K. Choi, Paul Sommers, A. Blanco, F. Sánchez, Antonio Condorelli, Christine Peters, A.L. Garcia Vegas, Luis A. Anchordoqui, Maria Rita Coluccia, Julian Kemp, Philipp Papenbreer, Petr Travnicek, Martina Bohacova, Trent D. Grubb, M. A. Muller, Hernán Asorey, Juan Manuel Figueira, Roberta Colalillo, Giovanni Mancarella, A. G. Mariazzi, Xavier Bertou, A. Zepeda, Juan Pablo Gongora, Pedro Assis, H. Martinez, G. Torralba Elipe, A. Etchegoyen, L. Valore, Alex Kääpä, Patricia María Hansen, Marco Giammarchi, V. Novotny, Octavian Sima, Rossella Caruso, A. Lucero, Fernando Catalani, G. De Mauro, Caterina Trimarelli, H. Schieler, Q. Dorosti, I. Lhenry-Yvon, Antonella Castellina, Vladimir Lenok, L. Perrone, Thomas Bretz, Corbin Covault, Lino Miramonti, D. de Oliveira Franco, Isabel Goos, D. Heck, M. del Río, M. Risse, Jonathan Blazek, Charles Timmermans, G. Parente, Fabrizia Canfora, L. Zehrer, J. de Oliveira, Alejandro Almela, Carla Bleve, Rodrigo Guedes Lang, Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Laboratoire de Physique des 2 Infinis Irène Joliot-Curie (IJCLab), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Énergies (LPNHE (UMR_7585)), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), and Pierre Auger

Subjects
Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous), air, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, UHE [cosmic radiation], Cosmic ray, 01 natural sciences, Auger, detector: fluorescence, Nuclear physics, 5/3, 0103 physical sciences, muon: density, ddc:530, cosmic radiation: UHE, 010306 general physics, Engineering (miscellaneous), Physics, Pierre Auger Observatory, fluorescence [detector], detector [muon], Muon, showers: atmosphere, hybrid, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, muon: detector, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, observatory, Air shower, density [muon], 13. Climate action, Content (measure theory), High Energy Physics::Experiment, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Muon detector, atmosphere [showers]
Abstract

The hybrid design of the Pierre Auger Observatory allows for the measurement of the properties of extensive air showers initiated by ultra-high energy cosmic rays with unprecedented precision. By using an array of prototype underground muon detectors, we have performed the first direct measurement, by the Auger Collaboration, of the muon content of air showers between $$2\times 10^{17}$$2×1017 and $$2\times 10^{18}$$2×1018 eV. We have studied the energy evolution of the attenuation-corrected muon density, and compared it to predictions from air shower simulations. The observed densities are found to be larger than those predicted by models. We quantify this discrepancy by combining the measurements from the muon detector with those from the Auger fluorescence detector at $$10^{{17.5}}\, {\mathrm{eV}} $$1017.5eV and $$10^{{18}}\, {\mathrm{eV}} $$1018eV. We find that, for the models to explain the data, an increase in the muon density of $$38\%$$38%$$\pm 4\% (12\%)$$±4%(12%)$$\pm {}^{21\%}_{18\%}$$±18%21% for EPOS-LHC, and of $$50\% (53\%)$$50%(53%)$$\pm 4\% (13\%)$$±4%(13%)$$\pm {}^{23\%}_{20\%}$$±20%23% for QGSJetII-04, is respectively needed.

Published
2020

38. Can healthy checkout end-caps improve targeted fruit and vegetable purchases? Evidence from grocery and SNAP participant purchases

Author

Mihai Niculescu and Collin R. Payne

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Consumption (economics), Economics and Econometrics, 030109 nutrition & dietetics, Grocery store, Sociology and Political Science, food and beverages, Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law, Development, Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program, language.human_language, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Fruits and vegetables, Food policy, language, 030212 general & internal medicine, Business, Marketing, Food Science
Abstract

Grocery shoppers face time and attention constraints when shopping that may contribute to decreased purchase and consumption of fruits and vegetables. We created and tested a healthy checkout strategy that made fruits and vegetables both convenient and salient. Specifically, cashiers were trained to suggestive sell pre-packaged, convenient, low-cost, pairs of fruits or vegetables located at the checkout aisle end-cap. Overall and Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program participant purchases of targeted fruits and vegetables significantly increased within treatment stores and between the treatment stores relative to the control store. A significant decreasing trend in overall produce sales in the control store was found, but not for treatment stores. Further pilot testing of healthy checkout strategies is needed to provide additional evidence of efficacy and to understand better how economically sustainable these strategies are for retailers.

Published
2018

39. Constraints on jet quenching in p–Pb collisions at sNN=5.02 TeV measured by the event-activity dependence of semi-inclusive hadron-jet distributions

Author

Javier Ernesto Castillo Castellanos, Alexander Kluge, Sona Pochybova, M. Mukherjee, Vojtech Pacik, Bharati Naik, Zubayer Ahammed, Adam Tomasz Matyja, Giacomo Vito Margagliotti, Anik Gupta, Eugen Mudnic, Jorn Henning Putschke, Dimitar Lubomirov Mihaylov, Johan Alme, Luciano Ramello, Lucina Gabriela Espinoza Beltran, Eungyu Yun, Daicui Zhou, Felix Reidt, Byungchul Kim, Ali Zaman, Raghunath Sahoo, Florian Herrmann, Ester Anna Rita Casula, Saikat Biswas, Jamila Bashir Butt, Alexei Khanzadeev, Sarah Julie Porteboeuf, Jitendra Kumar, Thorsten Sven Kollegger, Valerie Ramillien Barret, Sanjib Muhuri, Davide Francesco Lodato, Marco Toppi, Mohammad Tariq, Oliver Busch, Marco Marquard, Christopher Hills, Domenico Colella, Mona Sharma, Manuel Colocci, Gustavo Conesa Balbastre, Sagarika Swain, Boris Batyunya, Mario Ivan Martinez Hernandez, Rishat Sultanov, Rosario Turrisi, D. Domenicis Gimenez, J. Pluta, Evgeny Ryabinkin, Yongwook Baek, Zhuo Zhou, Andrea Alici, Domenico Elia, Se Yong Kim, Jussi Samuli Viinikainen, Dmitry Finogeev, Vladimir Samsonov, Christine Nattrass, Ulrich Fuchs, Corrado Gargiulo, Manoj Bhanudas Jadhav, Roman Rogalev, William Llope, Rene Bellwied, Annika Passfeld, Guido Alexander Willems, Francesco Noferini, Gergoe Hamar, Sylvain Chapeland, Christian Claude Kuhn, Yves Roland Schutz, Monika Joanna Jakubowska, Giulio Usai, Dirk Hutter, Evgeny Kondratyuk, Kunal Garg, Maximiliano Puccio, Raimond Snellings, Renato Aparecido Negrao De Oliveira, Edgar Perez Lezama, Arturo Fernandez Tellez, Sergio Vergara Limon, Jonatan Adolfsson, Michael Linus Knichel, Jose Ruben Alfaro Molina, Hikari Murakami, Jørgen André Lien, Aurora Diozcora Vargas Trevino, Shreyasi Acharya, Sebastian Lehner, Federica Sozzi, Leonid Vinogradov, Gabor Kiss, Ran Xu, Johanna Stachel, Katarina Krizkova Gajdosova, Christoph Mayer, Jens Robert Luhder, Benjamin Andreas Hess, Oeystein Djuvsland, Bernhard Franz Ketzer, Cvetan Valeriev Cheshkov, Ildefonso Leon Monzon, Radiy Ilkaev, Surya Prakash Pathak, Jacopo Margutti, Sergey Nikolaev, Fouad Rami, Cristian Andrei, Stefan Thomas Heckel, Jogender Saini, Christian Schmidt, Venelin Anguelov, Eliane Epple, Rama Chandra Baral, J. W. Harris, Mauro Gallio, Hongkai Wang, Lukasz Kamil Graczykowski, Christophe Furget, Jean Willy Andre Cleymans, Volker Lindenstruth, Francesca Soramel, Barbara Antonina Trzeciak, Yue Shi Lai, Annalisa De Caro, William Edward Witt, Rinaldo Rui, Rafael Peretti Pezzi, Ritsuya Hosokawa, Tyler Harrison Lutz, Qiye Shou, Adam Tadeusz Wegrzynek, Erin Frances Gauger, Alberto Caliva, Rosario Nania, Lennart van Doremalen, Ankita Sharma, Sergey Filchagin, Marco Bregant, Mohammad Al-Turany, Sang Un Ahn, Anastasia Maria Barbano, Raphaelle Marie Bailhache, Bernhard Skaali, Fedor Guber, Bruno Espagnon, Livio Bianchi, Sumit Kumar Saha, Benjamin Audurier, Federico Cindolo, Sergey Evdokimov, Shaista Khan, Soren Pontoppidan Sorensen, Jan Cabala, Antonio Uras, Stefania Beole, Miguel Martinez Pedreira, Bedangadas Mohanty, Fatiha Lehas, Zhang Chunhui, Alexander Kurepin, Oton Vazquez Doce, Alberica Toia, Magnus Mager, Julian Wojciech Myrcha, Leticia Cunqueiro Mendez, F. Bock, Francesca Carnesecchi, M. Mohisin Khan, Nicolas Schmidt, Dezso Varga, Andrew John Lowe, Pedro Gonzalez Zamora, Alex Henri Jean Chauvin, D. De Gruttola, Valentina Zaccolo, Hans Rudolf Schmidt, Pranjal Sarma, Robert Helmut Munzer, Taesoo Kim, Alberto Collu, Samrangy Sadhu, Xiaoming Zhang, Sergio Arturo Iga Buitron, Carlos Duarte Galvan, Naoto Tanaka, Buddhadeb Bhattacharjee, Mihai Petrovici, Ara Grigoryan, Bernd Stefan Windelband, Varlen Grabski, Emilia Leogrande, Bong-Hwi Lim, Boris Wagner, L. M. Massacrier, Oliver Werner Arnold, Inayat Rasool Bhat, Chiara Bianchin, Borge Svane Nielsen, Pietro Antonioli, Luisa Cifarelli, Linda Vickovic, Nicolo Jacazio, Yonghong Zhang, Krystian Roslon, Viktor Ratza, Elisa Meninno, Ermanno Vercellin, Artem Konevskikh, Tahir Hussain, Debojit Sarkar, Gennady Zinovjev, Sadhana Dash, Karel Safarik, Tomoya Tsuji, Arseniy Shabanov, Rainer Arno Ernst Renfordt, Andrew Michael Kubera, Ilya Selyuzhenkov, Boris Rumyantsev, Marco H. D. van Leeuwen, James Philip Iddon, Natasha Sharma, Dimitra Andreou, Austin Vincent Harton, Alexander Nyanin, Basanta Kumar Nandi, Svein Lindal, Ping Yang, Christopher Daniel Anson, Kristin Fanebust Hetland, Svetlana Kushpil, Lucia Leardini, Cristina Bedda, Ju Hwan Kang, Ashpreet Kaur Duggal, Adrian Sevcenco, Liudmila Malinina, Rathijit Biswas, Stefano Panebianco, Peter Glassel, Massimiliano Marchisone, Deepa Thomas, Andrey Reshetin, Sukalyan Chattopadhyay, Marcello Lunardon, Astrid Vauthier, Svetlana Silaeva, Przemyslaw Karczmarczyk, Federico Antinori, David Michael Rohr, Artem Shangaraev, Sergey Sadovskiy, Silvia Masciocchi, Ramona Lea, Kenta Shigaki, Ayben Karasu Uysal, Andrea Rossi, Renaud Vernet, Paulus Gerardus Kuijer, Shinichi Hayashi, F. Thoresen, Juan Carlos Cabanillas Noris, Lukas Tropp, Cynthia Marie Hadjidakis, Petr Nomokonov, Giulio Eulisse, Christian Bourjau, Silvia Delsanto, Francesco Barile, Irais Bautista Guzman, Joakim Nystrand, Horst Sebastian Scheid, Hendrik Poppenborg, Gerardus Nooren, Jan Musinsky, Ombretta Pinazza, Maciej Slupecki, Jens Joergen Gaardhoeje, James Declan Mulligan, Kai Oliver Schweda, Kishora Nayak, Rajendra Nath Patra, Serpil Yalcin, Leo Clifford Greiner, Mohammad Ahmad Saleh, Naghmeh Mohammadi, David Dobrigkeit Chinellato, Pietro Cortese, Justin Thomas Blair, Marten Ole Schmidt, Amalia Pop, Kilian Eberhard Schwarz, Natalia Kondratyeva, Maya Hachiya Shimomura, Lukas Nellen, Rihan Haque, Mauro Rogerio Cosentino, Mateusz Andrzej Ploskon, Dmitry Blau, C. Roy, Valerii Kondratev, Suh-urk Chung, Rachid Guernane, Marie Germain, Preeti Dhankher, Chitrasen Jena, Camila De Conti, David Olle Rickard Silvermyr, Nima Zardoshti, Alexander Szabo, Filip Krizek, Emily Jade Willsher, Branislav Sitar, Imrich Szarka, Nicole Bastid, Hiroki Yokoyama, Petr Zavada, Alessandra Lattuca, Jochen Klein, Ian Gardner Bearden, David Horak, Rashmi Raniwala, Barthelemy von Haller, Catia Petta, Sidharth Kumar Prasad, Julien Charles Hamon, Sergey Gorbunov, Yuko Sekiguchi, Sven Gotovac, Zabulon Vilakazi, Mais Kazim Oglu Suleymanov, Sampo Saarinen, Roman Lavicka, Laurent Ducroux, Pragati Sahoo, Kgotlaesele Senosi, Michal Sumbera, Barbara Ewa Erazmus, Filippo Costa, Martin Schmidt, Barbara Guerzoni, Alwina Ruixin Liu, Premomoy Ghosh, Konstantin Mikhaylov, Anisa Khatun, Iwona Anna Sputowska, Nur Hussain, Deepika Rathee, Cristiane Jahnke, Philippe Pillot, Sk Noor Alam, Christina Markert, Przemyslaw Stefan Rokita, Maria Nicassio, Vladyslav Litichevskyi, Trine Spedstad Tveter, Jesse Thomas Buxton, Emma Gonzalez Hernandez, Johannes Lehrbach, Baidyanath Sahoo, Gabor Biro, Serhiy Senyukov, Jurgen Schukraft, Peter Christiansen, Arild Velure, Omar Vazquez Rueda, Susanna Costanza, Stefano Piano, Paola La Rocca, Edmundo Javier Garcia-Solis, Ranjit Nayak, Paul Christoph Bätzing, Gianluca Aglieri Rinella, Ivan Kisel, Alexey Kuryakin, Filimon Roukoutakis, Sourav Kundu, Sebastian Hornung, Claude Andre Pruneau, Suharyo Sumowidagdo, Jose Garabatos Cuadrado, Somnath Kar, Ulrich Michael Frankenfeld, Sebastian Rosado Navarro, Hadi Hassan, Linus Feldkamp, Andres Sandoval, Alexander Vinogradov, Marian Ivanov, Alexey Kurepin, Rune Langøy, Roberta Arnaldi, Salvatore Aiola, Ismael Cortes Maldonado, Pedro Luis Manuel Podesta Lerma, Jana Crkovská, Attiq Ur Rehman, Andrea Dubla, Audrey Francisco, Andry Malala Rakotozafindrabe, Kjetil Ullaland, Lars Bratrud, Tuva Ora Herenui Richert, Markus Bernhard Zimmermann, Rudiger Haake, A. Maire, Anton Jusko, Stefano Trogolo, Motoi Inaba, Pascal Dillenseger, Dmitry Yurevich Peresunko, Akihide Nobuhiro, Jin Hee Yoon, Fabio Filippo Colamaria, Auro Prasad Mohanty, Sandun Pahula Hewage, Roberto Barbera, Victor Trubnikov, Rama Narayana Singaraju, Steffen Georg Weber, Silvia Arcelli, Alexandru Florin Dobrin, Dhananjaya Thakur, Nora De Marco, Raymond James Ehlers, Alexander Deisting, Vladislav Grigoryev, Francesco Riggi, Gianluigi Boca, R. Varma, Edith Zinhle Buthelezi, Panagiota Foka, Elena Botta, Arturo Alejandro Menchaca-Rocha, Orlando Villalobos Baillie, Jan Fiete Grosse-Oetringhaus, Marek Bombara, Benedetto Di Ruzza, Ernst Hellbar, Dariusz Czeslaw Miskowiec, Vladimir Nikulin, Gabriele Gaetano Fronze, Amrendra Narayan, Ivan Kralik, Sean Murray, Andreas Michael Mathis, Miroslav Pikna, Boris Hippolyte, Matthias Bonora, Haavard Helstrup, Latchezar Betev, Giuseppe Simonetti, Ivan Ravasenga, Yasuo Miake, Sinjini Chandra, Mario Sitta, Julien Faivre, Ya Zhu, Patrick Simon Reichelt, Sergey Nazarenko, Ionel Stan, Zhongbao Yin, Vojtech Petracek, Caio Lagana Fernandes, Michal Sefcik, Giacinto de Cataldo, Hans Peter Beck, Prabhakar Palni, Alexey Bogdanov, Katie Leanne Graham, Johann Zmeskal, Nikola Poljak, Torsten Dahms, Cristina Terrevoli, Gilda Scioli, Erwann Masson, Pradip Kumar Roy, Palash Khan, Igor Altsybeev, Davide Pagano, Tasnuva Chowdhury, Peter Braun-Munzinger, Sanjeev Singh Sambyal, Paolo Camerini, Sergey Voloshin, Jiri Mares, Jose Antonio Lucio Martinez, Mikhail Malaev, Ralf Peter Averbeck, Jesus Guillermo Contreras Nuno, Laszlo Olah, Davide Caffarri, Meike Charlotte Danisch, Vardanush Papikyan, Anders Garritt Knospe, Hongbo Zhu, Peter Strmen, Redmer Alexander Bertens, Abraham Villatoro Tello, Joel Anthony Mazer, Iouri Belikov, Thomas Dietel, Stefano Bagnasco, Jacobus Willem Van Hoorne, Eulogio Serradilla Rodriguez, Christian Holm Christensen, Vladimir Vechernin, Yasir Ali, Tome Anticic, Raul Tonatiuh Jimenez Bustamante, Werner Riegler, Henrique Jose Correa Zanoli, Luis Alberto Perez Moreno, Valeriy Pozdniakov, Jennifer Lynn Klay, Pasquale Di Nezza, Eric Endress, Sandeep Dudi, Ashik Ikbal Sheikh, Lukas Kreis, Yajun Mao, Tomas Vanat, Guy Paic, Xiaowen Ren, Roman Lietava, Yury Sibiryak, Marielle Chartier, Ketil Roeed, Yasser Corrales Morales, Vasco Miguel Chibante Barroso, Luca Barioglio, Brigitte Cheynis, Nicole Apadula, Yury Pestov, Carsten Klein, Peter Zahariev Hristov, Sarah Louise La Pointe, Germano Bonomi, Alexander Mamonov, Udo Wolfgang Kebschull, Pascal Dupieux, Andrea Dainese, Sergey Fokin, H. Zhang, Minjung Kim, Jai Samuel Nielsen Salzwedel, Supriya Das, Alla Maevskaya, Marton Vargyas, Sergey Kiselev, Artur Furs, Vladislav Manko, Dagmar Adamová, Zuman Zhang, Marcello Borri, Rabi Soto Camacho, Taku Gunji, Alexander Vodopyanov, Yury Kharlov, Aditya Nath Mishra, Roberto Divia, Konstantin Munning, Dae-Hyeok Kim, Philippe Rosnet, Francesco Prino, Ken Oyama, Fernando Scarlassara, Michelangelo Agnello, Ralf Keidel, Martin Poghosyan, You Zhou, Barbara Jacak, Nachiketa Sarkar, Alexander Philipp Kalweit, Antonio Di Mauro, Federico Ronchetti, Jan Jadlovsky, Sumit Basu, Vladimir Peskov, Andre Mischke, Andrei Ionut Herghelegiu, Heiko Engel, Petra Loncar, Mirko Planinic, Sarita Sahoo, Yvonne Chiara Pachmayer, Sohail Musa Mahmood, Christoph Blume, Eugenio Nappi, Franco Meddi, Dmitry Aleksandrov, Luciano Musa, Andrzej Rybicki, Panagiotis Christakoglou, Kristjan Herlache Gulbrandsen, Alessandro Feliciello, Katherin Shtejer Diaz, Charalampos Kouzinopoulos, Subhasis Chattopadhyay, Miguel Ignacio Arratia Munoz, Sergey Shirinkin, Lilit Karayan, Torsten Alt, Mohamad Tarhini, Jihyun Bhom, Beomsu Chang, Corey James Myers, Aaron Allan Capon, Michal Kopcik, I. K. Yoo, Catalin-Lucian Ristea, Peter Levai, Pradip Kumar Sahu, Mohd Danish Azmi, Peter Malzacher, Anton Alkin, Fabrizio Grosa, Franck Manso, Jonghan Park, Marian Krivda, Monika Sharma, Amal Sarkar, Vit Kucera, Kosei Yamakawa, Ciprian Mihai Mitu, Chinorat Kobdaj, Samsul Islam, Philipp Johannes Luettig, R. Orava, Jeremy John Wilkinson, Anar Rustamov, Ken Suzuki, Kirill Voloshin, D. Vranic, Vitaly Loginov, Alexandre Shabetai, Sanjay K. Ghosh, Anselmo Margotti, Rafael Derradi De Souza, Satoshi Yano, Alexandr Tumkin, Stefan Kirsch, Francesca Bellini, Markus Konrad Kohler, Victor Jose Gaston Feuillard, Sergey Nikulin, Sudipan De, Esther Bartsch, Diego Mauricio Gomez Coral, Dong Jo Kim, Gergely Gabor Barnafoldi, Yuri Melikyan, Olja Dordic, Petra Riedler, Paul Alois Buhler, Jens Wiechula, Mihai Niculescu, Vladimir Ivanov, Lucas Altenkamper, Lidia Maria Gorlich, Monika Varga-Kofarago, Daniel Berenyi, Kenneth Francis Read, Zaida Conesa del Valle, Edgar Dominguez Rosas, Stefania Bufalino, Wladyslaw Henryk Trzaska, Madalina-Gabriela Tarzila, Johannes Peter Wessels, Ante Bilandzic, Grzegorz Andrzej Wilk, Matthias Richter, Janusz Oleniacz, Paolo Bartalini, Matej Oravec, Martin Vala, Lais Ozelin De Lima Pimentel, Boris Polishchuk, Danthasinghe Piyarathna, Piotr Jan Gasik, Vikas Singhal, Theo Alexander Broker, Antonino Zichichi, Despina Hatzifotiadou, Sebastian Klewin, Podist Kurashvili, Dae Sung Hwang, Shuguang Zou, Darius Keijdener, Shyam Kumar, Lawrence Pinsky, Francesco Carena, Hanna Paulina Zbroszczyk, Wan Chang, Ana Maria Marin, Paolo Martinengo, Toru Sugitate, Alessandro Ferretti, Elena Bruna, Brennan Schaefer, Marcelo Gameiro Munhoz, Valeria Muccifora, Giacomo Volpe, Luuk Vermunt, D. B. Rana, Mikhail Ippolitov, Michal Meres, Tiziano Virgili, Markus Fasel, Michele Floris, Anthony Robert Timmins, Harald Appelshaeuser, Adam Ryszard Kisiel, Syaefudin Jaelani, Andile Mothegi Whitehead, Natalia Zhigareva, Jongsik Eum, Anjali Sharma, Peter Chochula, Danilo Silva De Albuquerque, Mikhail Zhalov, Evert Anders Stenlund, A. S. Gonzalez, Partha Pratim Bhaduri, Christophe Pierre Suire, Ernesto Lopez Torres, Sibaliso Mhlanga, Klaus Johannes Reygers, Astrid Morreale, Hoonjung Oh, Annalisa Mastroserio, Debasish Das, Jacobus Onderwaater, Alberto Martin Gago Medina, Oleksandr Kovalenko, Giuseppe Eugenio Bruno, Vladimir Kaplin, Sonia Parmar, Guillermo Tejeda Munoz, Andreas Morsch, Alexandru Bercuci, Scott William Lindsay, Shingo Sakai, Costin Grigoras, Vladimir Belyaev, Hyeonjoong Kim, Uwe Westerhoff, Vytautas Vislavicius, Wadut Shaikh, Jacek Tomasz Otwinowski, Zhanna Khabanova, Laura Fabbietti, Marek Kowalski, Dominik Voscek, Chiara Oppedisano, Daniel Michael Muhlheim, Junjie Zhu, Giuseppe Trombetta, Ranbir Singh, Peter Martin Jacobs, Grigorii Feofilov, Maria Vasileiou, Eun Joo Kim, M. A. Lisa, Oleg Karavichev, Simon Voigt Nesbø, Mandeep Kour, Vladimir Kovalenko, Jhuma Ghosh, Sabyasachi Siddhanta, Hector Bello Martinez, Gyula Bencedi, Sibaji Raha, Filip Erhardt, Andres Gomez Ramirez, Antoine Xavier Lardeux, Min Jung Kweon, Daiki Sekihata, Mesut Arslandok, Claudiu Cornel Schiaua, Alberto Masoni, Alexander Akindinov, Krzysztof Marek Sielewicz, Anatoly Tikhonov, Malgorzata Anna Janik, Chiara Zampolli, Sandra Moretto, Andrea Danu, Tatsuya Chujo, Guillaume Batigne, Per-Ivar Lønne, Massimo Angeletti, Mallick Dukhishyam, Gines Martinez-Garcia, Harry Arthur Andrews, Thomas Peitzmann, Ajay Kumar Dash, Xiaomei Li, Ganesh Jagannath Tambave, Thomas Humanic, Uzma Tabassam, Jinsook Kim, Tomas Wilhelm Snellman, Volodymyr Yurchenko, Antonija Utrobicic, Renu Bala, Boris Teyssier, Grazia Luparello, Paraskevi Ganoti, Seongjoo Lee, Matti Mikael Mieskolainen, Thomas Michael Cormier, Lokesh Kumar, Shuaib Ahmad Khan, Hua Pei, Jinjin Pan, Sushanta Tripathy, Henner Buesching, Erik Brücken, Kirill Lapidus, Elisa Laudi, Eleazar Cuautle Flores, Dmitry Budnikov, Nikolai Smirnov, Mike Henry Petrus Sas, Igor Pshenichnov, Raphael Noel Tieulent, I. Das, Andrew John Castro, M. Konyushikhin, David H. Evans, Vladimir Izucheev, Markus Ball, Camilo Ernesto Lara Martinez, Goran Simatovic, Antonio Carlos Oliveira da Silva, Alessandra Fantoni, Andrea Festanti, Angela Badala, Jan Figiel, Dmitry Mal'kevich, T. K. Nayak, Christian Klein-Boesing, Hartmut Hillemanns, Yosuke Watanabe, Klaus Barth, Marc Weber, Kohei Terasaki, Anand Kumar Dubey, Diego Stocco, Sanchari Thakur, Miroslaw Marek Kielbowicz, Marek Chojnacki, Michael Henry Oliver, Laurent Bernard Aphecetche, Alberto Baldisseri, Paula Fernanda Toledo Matuoka, Herve Borel, Fabian Ng, C. Ceballos Sanchez, Bruno Alessandro, Priyanka Sett, H. Caines, Sudhir Raniwala, Tatiana Karavicheva, Subikash Choudhury, Denise Aparecida Moreira De Godoy, Mario Rodriguez Cahuantzi, Sandro Christian Wenzel, Roy Crawford Lemmon, Jun Takahashi, Jana Bielcikova, Robert Vertesi, Bjarte Kileng, Ewa Gladysz-dziadus, Jan Rak, Rahul Ramachandran Nair, Peter Graham Jones, Smbat Grigoryan, Gvozden Neskovic, Rainer Martin Schicker, Manuel Guittiere, Ernesto Calvo Villar, Andrzej Deloff, Solangel Rojas Torres, Andre Augustinus, Adela Kravcakova, Gerardo Antonio Herrera Corral, Hermann Franz Degenhardt, Dennis Franz Weiser, Martin Andreas Volkl, Evgeny Kryshen, Roberto Preghenella, Pedro Hugo Ferreira Natal Da Luz, Matteo Concas, Krzysztof Redlich, Yanchun Ding, Sami Sakari Rasanen, Ashutosh Pandey, Jubin Mitra, Chengxin Zhao, Salvatore De Pasquale, Teodor Siemiarczuk, Jiyoung Kim, Crispin Williams, Igor Lakomov, Benjamin Donigus, Hugo Denis Antonio Pereira Da Costa, Helmut Oskar Oeschler, Paolo Giubellino, Pierre Vande Vyvre, Philippe Crochet, Youngil Kwon, Andrey Zarochentsev, Bogdan Theodor Rascanu, Jose Luis Bazo Alba, Alexandre Alarcon Do Passo Suaide, Wanchaloem Poonsawat, Richard Daniel Majka, Constantinos Loizides, Eugenio Scapparone, Matteo Lupi, Hideki Hamagaki, Nikolay Zavyalov, Mengliang Wang, Alexander Borissov, Michal Broz, Alberto Rotondi, Nicole Alice Martin, Anders Nils Erik Oskarsson, Slavka Jadlovska, Xinye Peng, Christian Lippmann, Luis Gustavo Pereira, Jorge Mercado-perez, Andrey Vasiliev, Enrico Scomparin, Pooja Pareek, Janet Elizabeth Seger, Andrea Francescon, Bernhard Hohlweger, Marcel Araujo Silva Figueredo, Dario Berzano, Anju Bhasin, Antonio Ortiz Velasquez, Yury Ryabov, Fabian Pliquett, Mikolaj Krzewicki, Raffaele Grosso, Miljenko Suljic, Jon Christopher Wikne, Alessandro De Falco, Charles E. Hughes, Ramni Gupta, Predrag Buncic, Laszlo Boldizsar, Paola Gianotti, Annelies Marianne Veen, Vito Manzari, Jasper Van Der Maarel, Arvind Khuntia, Viktor Riabov, Tinku Sarkar Sinha, Ivan Vorobyev, Alessandro Grelli, Ajay Kumar, Siegfried Valentin Foertsch, Dieter Roehrich, Muhammad Umair Naru, Xing Long Li, Jaime Norman, Nicola Bianchi, Lee Stuart Barnby, Piero Giubilato, Alice Elisabeth Ohlson, Xavier Bernard Lopez, Jaroslav Bielcik, Elena Rogochaya, Enrico Fragiacomo, Anton Andronic, Antonio Bianchi, Yaroslav Berdnikov, Madan M. Aggarwal, Neelima Agrawal, Corrado Cicalo, Wisla Carena, Martino Gagliardi, Nirbhay Kumar Behera, D. Di Bari, Jihye Song, Peter Kalinak, Valery Punin, Marianna Mazzilli, Adriana Telesca, Caterina Deplano, Ionut Cristian Arsene, Paul Stankus, Arturo Tauro, Soyeon Cho, Julius Maximilian Gronefeld, Ejiro Naomi Umaka, Fiorella Maria Celeste Fionda, Marko Jercic, Jan de Cuveland, Massimo Masera, Maksim Melnik Storetvedt, Mario Fusco Girard, Biswarup Paul, Jeremi Niedziela, Alessandra Maria Mazzoni, Sonia Rajput, Ruben Shahoyan, Janka Vrlakova, Evgeny Karpechev, and Markus Keil

Subjects
Physics, Quantum chromodynamics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Large Hadron Collider, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Hadron, Observable, 01 natural sciences, Nuclear physics, Recoil, 0103 physical sciences, Quark–gluon plasma, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Nuclear Experiment, 010306 general physics, Jet quenching, Order of magnitude
Abstract

The ALICE Collaboration reports the measurement of semi-inclusive distributions of charged-particle jets recoiling from a high-transverse momentum trigger hadron in p–Pb collisions at √sNN = 5.02 TeV. Jets are reconstructed from charged-particle tracks using the anti-kT algorithm with resolution parameter R = 0.2 and 0.4. A data-driven statistical approach is used to correct the uncorrelated background jet yield. Recoil jet distributions are reported for jet transverse momentum 15 < pch T,jet < 50 GeV/c and are compared in various intervals of p–Pb event activity, based on charged-particle multiplicity and zero-degree neutral energy in the forward (Pb-going) direction. The semi-inclusive observable is self-normalized and such comparisons do not require the interpretation of p–Pb event activity in terms of collision geometry, in contrast to inclusive jet observables. These measurements provide new constraints on the magnitude of jet quenching in small systems at the LHC. In p–Pb collisions with high event activity, the average medium-induced out-of-cone energy transport for jets with R = 0.4 and 15 < pch T,jet < 50 GeV/c is measured to be less than 0.4 GeV/c at 90% confidence, which is over an order of magnitude smaller than a similar measurement for central Pb–Pb collisions at √sNN = 2.76 TeV. Comparison is made to theoretical calculations of jet quenching in small systems, and to inclusive jet measurements in p–Pb collisions selected by event activity at the LHC and in d–Au collisions at RHIC.

Published
2018

40. Production of 4He and 4He‾ in Pb–Pb collisions at sNN=2.76TeV at the LHC

Author

Pascal Dillenseger, Mauro Rogerio Cosentino, Prabhakar Palni, Peter Kalinak, Valery Punin, Marianna Mazzilli, Adriana Telesca, Madan M. Aggarwal, Neelima Agrawal, Fabio Filippo Colamaria, M. S. Islam, Vardanush Papikyan, R. Alfaro Molina, Caterina Deplano, Boris Batyunya, Marielle Chartier, H. Zhang, C. Petta, Dagmar Adamová, C. Alves Garcia Prado, Marian Krivda, Grzegorz Andrzej Wilk, A. J. Rubio Montero, Matthias Richter, Surajit Chattopadhyay, Petr Zavada, Deepika Rathee, Hans Peter Beck, Sona Pochybova, Ionut Cristian Arsene, M. C. S. Williams, Arturo Tauro, Soyeon Cho, Ante Bilandzic, G. Herrera Corral, Julius Maximilian Gronefeld, J. de Cuveland, Massimiliano Marchisone, Deepa Thomas, Lawrence Pinsky, L. Cunqueiro, D. B. Rana, Andrey Reshetin, D. Domenicis Gimenez, J. Pluta, Sergey Kiselev, Christina Markert, Anik Gupta, Przemyslaw Stefan Rokita, Paul Christoph Bätzing, Wisla Carena, Martino Gagliardi, Anders Garritt Knospe, Iouri Belikov, Thomas Dietel, Nirbhay Kumar Behera, Z. Yin, Syaefudin Jaelani, M. O. Schmidt, Hermann Franz Degenhardt, A. Rakotozafindrabe, Andreas Morsch, Shingo Sakai, Roman Lietava, D. Di Bari, Evgeny Ryabinkin, Yongwook Baek, Uwe Westerhoff, Marcello Lunardon, Jussi Samuli Viinikainen, Dmitry Finogeev, Lucina Gabriela Espinoza Beltran, Z. Buthelezi, You Zhou, Ejiro Naomi Umaka, Laura Fabbietti, Dennis Franz Weiser, Martin Andreas Volkl, J. W. Harris, G. Hamar, J. H. Kim, Daiki Sekihata, Silvia Masciocchi, Rosario Nania, Kenta Shigaki, Renaud Vernet, C. Klein-Bösing, A. S. Nyanin, Paulus Gerardus Kuijer, Giulio Eulisse, Kishora Nayak, Kilian Eberhard Schwarz, Dmitry Blau, C. Roy, Florian Herrmann, Aleksey M. Tikhonov, Rajendra Nath Patra, Serpil Yalcin, Silvia Arcelli, J. Saini, Eleazar Cuautle, Svetlana Silaeva, S. U. Chung, Przemyslaw Karczmarczyk, Federico Antinori, Livio Bianchi, Yasuo Miake, Sinjini Chandra, Sumit Kumar Saha, Rene Bellwied, Annika Passfeld, Panagiotis Christakoglou, M. Kim, E. Perez Lezama, Mallick Dukhishyam, Sohail Musa Mahmood, J.A. Mares, Ivan Vorobyev, H. J. C. Zanoli, M. Keil, M. Bombara, Sergey Gorbunov, Palash Khan, Xuan Zhang, G. Koyithatta Meethaleveedu, Philipp Johannes Luettig, Paolo Giubellino, Philippe Crochet, Benjamin Audurier, A. Maire, Sanjib Muhuri, P. Roy, Federico Cindolo, Xinye Peng, Marco Toppi, P. H. S. Y. Jayarathna, Alessandro Grelli, Ajay Kumar, Anton Jusko, Evgeny Kryshen, Maximiliano Puccio, B. Di Ruzza, Katie Leanne Graham, Johann Zmeskal, Juan Carlos Cabanillas Noris, Gerardus Nooren, Jan Musinsky, Ombretta Pinazza, Amalia Pop, Hiroki Yokoyama, Lukas Tropp, Rachid Guernane, Ivan Kralik, Miroslav Pikna, Mario Sitta, Davide Caffarri, A. Ortiz Velasquez, Zhuo Zhou, Fiorella Maria Celeste Fionda, Grazia Luparello, Monika Joanna Jakubowska, Serhiy Senyukov, Yuri Melikyan, Olja Dordic, Susanna Costanza, Joel Anthony Mazer, R. T. Jimenez Bustamante, O. Villalobos Baillie, Christian Lippmann, Luis Gustavo Pereira, J. W. Van Hoorne, V. P. Kondratiev, Edmundo Javier Garcia-Solis, Ranjit Nayak, Paraskevi Ganoti, Mohammed Al-Turany, M. van Leeuwen, Siegfried Valentin Foertsch, Jacek Tomasz Otwinowski, Zhanna Khabanova, Chitrasen Jena, S. Vigolo, Imrich Szarka, Nicole Bastid, Dimitra Andreou, Austin Vincent Harton, Linus Feldkamp, Andres Sandoval, Stefano Bagnasco, M. V. Ivanov, Pietro Cortese, Rune Langøy, Roberta Arnaldi, Manuel Colocci, A. Villatoro Tello, J. G. Contreras, E. López Torres, Paolo Camerini, Sergey Voloshin, Nima Zardoshti, Philippe Pillot, Baidyanath Sahoo, J. A. L. Martinez, Roberto Preghenella, Nicolo Jacazio, A. Fernández Téllez, Horst Sebastian Scheid, S. W. Lindsay, Luciano Musa, Andrey Vasiliev, Michelangelo Agnello, Marek Chojnacki, Sebastian Klewin, C. J. Schmidt, Jana Crkovská, R.N. Singh, Natalia Kondratyeva, Mateusz Andrzej Ploskon, Neetika Sharma, Dirk Hutter, M. Rodríguez Cahuantzi, M. J. Kweon, Guido Alexander Willems, Christian Holm Christensen, F. Soramel, Alexander Akindinov, D. Peresunko, Kirill Voloshin, Hanna Paulina Zbroszczyk, M. Mohisin Khan, D. L. Mihaylov, Toru Sugitate, E. Serradilla, Kgotlaesele Senosi, Michal Sumbera, A. A. P. Suaide, D. Nag, Vicente González, C. de Conti, D. Miśkowiec, Borge Svane Nielsen, Marie Germain, Annalisa Mastroserio, Jan Fiete Grosse-Oetringhaus, M. Nicassio, Satoshi Yano, D. M. Goméz Coral, Andrey Zarochentsev, Muhammad Umair Naru, C. Hadjidakis, Xing Long Li, Jaime Norman, Cristiane Jahnke, Bogdan Theodor Rascanu, Daniel Berenyi, A. C. Oliveira Da Silva, Nicola Bianchi, Evgeny Karpechev, Sebastian Rosado Navarro, Paolo Martinengo, Vladimir Izucheev, Germano Bonomi, O. Vazquez Doce, Alexander Mamonov, Filippo Costa, M. R. Haque, A. De Falco, Anthony Robert Timmins, Adam Ryszard Kisiel, G. Aglieri Rinella, Gabor Biro, Eugen Mudnic, Do Hyung Kim, Andile Mothegi Whitehead, P. Gianotti, Danilo Silva De Albuquerque, Kunal Garg, Rudiger Haake, Stefano Trogolo, Hyun-Chul Kim, Suharyo Sumowidagdo, Raimond Snellings, D. S. Hwang, A. Feliciello, Patrick Simon Reichelt, Sergey Nazarenko, R. D. De Souza, Alexandru Florin Dobrin, Dhananjaya Thakur, Alexander Deisting, P. Vande Vyvre, Sean Murray, Alla Maevskaya, Rafael Peretti Pezzi, Naghmeh Mohammadi, H. Borel, Peter Zahariev Hristov, Ken Oyama, Hadi Hassan, M. Martinez Pedreira, K. Schweda, M. Masera, D. A. Moreira De Godoy, Tomas Wilhelm Snellman, Enrico Scomparin, Pooja Pareek, Janet Elizabeth Seger, M. I. Martínez, Gualtiero Volpe, Salvatore Aiola, David Michael Rohr, Mais Kazim Oglu Suleymanov, Laurent Ducroux, Pragati Sahoo, Tsubasa Okubo, Sonia Parmar, Artem Shangaraev, M. H. P. Sas, Raymond James Ehlers, Lee Stuart Barnby, Piero Giubilato, Erwann Masson, Alice Elisabeth Ohlson, Latchezar Betev, J. J. Gaardhøje, Xavier Bernard Lopez, Jaroslav Bielcik, Andrea Francescon, F. Carnesecchi, Marcello Borri, Alexander Vodopyanov, Alexandr Tumkin, A. B. Kurepin, Hongbo Zhu, Mirko Planinic, Jinjin Pan, Wladyslaw Henryk Trzaska, Madalina-Gabriela Tarzila, Elena Rogochaya, Sk Noor Alam, Claudiu Cornel Schiaua, Sandra Moretto, Ewa Gladysz-dziadus, Jan Rak, S. K. Ghosh, Hoonjung Oh, A. M. Gago, Bernhard Hohlweger, Jorn Henning Putschke, J. Castillo Castellanos, Jamila Bashir Butt, Y. Sibiriak, Ilya Selyuzhenkov, Costin Grigoras, Daniel Michael Muhlheim, Jhuma Ghosh, Sabyasachi Siddhanta, Shaji Kumar, Mesut Arslandok, Sushanta Tripathy, Alberto Masoni, Vladimir Nikulin, Harry Arthur Andrews, Igor Altsybeev, Davide Pagano, Tasnuva Chowdhury, Seyong Kim, Laszlo Olah, E. Fragiacomo, Maria Vasileiou, Ian Gardner Bearden, A. M. Rossi, Vladimir Kovalenko, Udo Wolfgang Kebschull, Goran Simatovic, Dmitry Mal'kevich, Boris Hippolyte, Redmer Alexander Bertens, Y. Mao, Andrea Danu, Guillaume Batigne, Ajay Kumar Dash, V. Grigoriev, Y. Corrales Morales, Kohei Terasaki, Luca Barioglio, Brigitte Cheynis, Carsten Klein, Y. J. Kwon, Toralf Bernhard Skaali, Miroslaw Marek Kielbowicz, Alexander Kluge, Jan Jadlovsky, Sumit Basu, Andrei Ionut Herghelegiu, Heiko Engel, Matthias Bonora, Gilda Scioli, Volodymyr Yurchenko, Rahul Ramachandran Nair, Wanchaloem Poonsawat, Y. F. Ryabov, C. Garabatos, Yu. V. Kharlov, F. Scarlassara, Adela Kravcakova, Christian Claude Kuhn, G. V. Margagliotti, J. S. Kim, E. Calvo Villar, Stefan Kirsch, Sergey Nikulin, Pascal Dupieux, Shreyasi Acharya, H. Appelshäuser, Mohamad Tarhini, Andrea Dainese, Ketil Røed, Sebastian Lehner, Sergey Fokin, Michael Henry Oliver, Zubayer Ahammed, Antonija Utrobicic, G. Martínez García, Torsten Alt, Adam Tomasz Matyja, Steffen Georg Weber, Wan Chang, Rosario Turrisi, P. I. Loenne, Nikola Poljak, Torsten Dahms, I. Cortés Maldonado, Anton Andronic, Piotr Jan Gasik, Eric Endress, Sandeep Dudi, Linda Vickovic, Yonghong Zhang, Leo Clifford Greiner, Mohammad Ahmad Saleh, T. Antičić, Richa Gupta, Francesca Bellini, Victor Jose Gaston Feuillard, Vladimir Ivanov, Fabian Ng, Evgeny Kondratyuk, David Dobrigkeit Chinellato, Cristina Terrevoli, Renu Bala, Matti Mikael Mieskolainen, Thomas Michael Cormier, G. L. Usai, Marcel Araujo Silva Figueredo, Dario Berzano, Anju Bhasin, G. A. Feofilov, Christoph Blume, Roy Crawford Lemmon, Leonid Vinogradov, Gabor Kiss, Ran Xu, Johanna Stachel, M. Zhalov, Lokesh Kumar, Peter Chochula, A. S. Gonzalez, Christophe Pierre Suire, Mukesh Sharma, L. A. P. Moreno, Christoph Mayer, Hao Wang, U. Frankenfeld, Jens Robert Luhder, Hua Pei, Vikas Singhal, Antonino Zichichi, Jacopo Margutti, Sergey Nikolaev, P. González-Zamora, P. L. M. Podesta-Lerma, Anastasia Maria Barbano, Gabriele Gaetano Fronze, Constantinos Loizides, Benjamin Andreas Hess, Johan Alme, Luciano Ramello, Andrzej Rybicki, Jihyun Bhom, Ken Suzuki, Nikolai Smirnov, Raphael Noel Tieulent, Markus Ball, Alessandra Lattuca, Jochen Klein, Anselmo Margotti, Vladyslav Litichevskyi, Trine Spedstad Tveter, Ivan Kisel, Byungchul Kim, Jana Bielcikova, Katarina Krizkova Gajdosova, Antoine Xavier Lardeux, Baldo Sahlmuller, Antonio Bianchi, A. De Caro, T. K. Nayak, Sylvain Chapeland, Jai Samuel Nielsen Salzwedel, Sergey Filchagin, Marco Bregant, Jørgen André Lien, Yingchun Zhu, Alexey Kuryakin, Filimon Roukoutakis, Audrey Francisco, Tuva Ora Herenui Richert, Markus Bernhard Zimmermann, Robert Vertesi, William Edward Witt, David Olle Rickard Silvermyr, Martin Schmidt, Barbara Guerzoni, Marcelo Gameiro Munhoz, Valeria Muccifora, A. G. Bogdanov, Amal Sarkar, Kirill Lapidus, Vit Kucera, Kosei Yamakawa, Ciprian Mihai Mitu, Eugenio Scapparone, Rinaldo Rui, Krzysztof Redlich, Yanchun Ding, Matteo Lupi, Sami Sakari Rasanen, Ashutosh Pandey, Jubin Mitra, Vladimir Belyaev, J. T. Blair, Bjarte Kileng, Bruno Alessandro, Priyanka Sett, E. Nappi, Hideki Hamagaki, Ionel Stan, Cristina Bedda, Susan L. Swain, Lucas Altenkamper, Vladimir Kaplin, Jitendra Kumar, Davide Francesco Lodato, Esther Bartsch, H. Caines, Sudhir Raniwala, J. Van Der Maarel, Tatiana Karavicheva, E. Montes, F. Prino, B. Polichtchouk, P. Di Nezza, Supriya Das, Artur Furs, Tomas Vanat, Cvetan Valeriev Cheshkov, Peter Christiansen, Vladislav Manko, Ganesh Jagannath Tambave, Astrid Vauthier, Bruno Espagnon, Qiye Shou, A. A. Vinogradov, M. Fusco Girard, T. Peitzmann, Mikhail Malaev, Guy Paic, Radiy Ilkaev, Surya Prakash Pathak, Sergey Evdokimov, Vytautas Vislavicius, Chengxin Zhao, Marek Kowalski, Fabian Pliquett, Mikolaj Krzewicki, Auro Prasad Mohanty, Robert Helmut Munzer, Subikash Choudhury, Oleg Karavichev, Christophe Furget, Teodor Siemiarczuk, Jean Willy Andre Cleymans, Volker Lindenstruth, Barbara Antonina Trzeciak, S. De Pasquale, Freja Thoresen, Meike Charlotte Danisch, A. Di Mauro, Fouad Rami, Debasish Das, Peter Graham Jones, G. Boca, Vladimir Peskov, P. F. T. Matuoka, Jin-Hong Park, Henner Buesching, Erik Brücken, Peter Braun-Munzinger, Y. Watanabe, M. A. Lisa, Gyula Bencedi, Sanjeev Singh Sambyal, Valeriy Pozdniakov, A. Karasu Uysal, Ulrich Fuchs, J. Mercado Pérez, P. La Rocca, Corrado Gargiulo, Manoj Bhanudas Jadhav, Alberto Caliva, S. P. Sorensen, Nicolas Schmidt, Raffaele Grosso, Eungyu Yun, Sandro Christian Wenzel, Ashik Ikbal Sheikh, Lukas Kreis, Smbat Grigoryan, Rainer Martin Schicker, Andrzej Deloff, Liudmila Malinina, Yue Shi Lai, D. Budnikov, S. L. La Pointe, Dezso Varga, Andrew John Lowe, Alex Henri Jean Chauvin, D. De Gruttola, Mihai Petrovici, Ara Grigoryan, Philippe Rosnet, E. A. R. Casula, Ralf Keidel, Igor Lakomov, F. Bock, Miljenko Suljic, Petra Loncar, I. K. Yoo, Alberto Collu, Samrangy Sadhu, D. L. D. Keijdener, Paolo Bartalini, Benjamin Donigus, Lilit Karayan, S. Vergara Limón, Tatsuya Chujo, Marton Vargyas, Simon Voigt Nesbø, Mandeep Kour, J. Book, D. Elia, Bernd Stefan Windelband, Peter Levai, Krzysztof Marek Sielewicz, Julian Wojciech Myrcha, Alexander Szabo, Filip Krizek, Shuaib Ahmad Khan, M. Konyushikhin, David H. Evans, Solangel Rojas Torres, Andre Augustinus, Carlos Duarte Galvan, Naoto Tanaka, Buddhadeb Bhattacharjee, Martin Poghosyan, Ramona Lea, J. L. Klay, A. Rustamov, Barbara Jacak, Rainer Arno Ernst Renfordt, Andrew Michael Kubera, Aditya Nath Mishra, Roberto Divia, Dimitry Aleksandrov, Erin Frances Gauger, S. Porteboeuf-Houssais, Jung-Il Song, Alexander Philipp Kalweit, Andrea Festanti, Varlen Grabski, Federico Ronchetti, Emilia Leogrande, Bong-Hwi Lim, Andre Mischke, Viktor Ratza, Alexandre Shabetai, Helmut Oskar Oeschler, Gergely Gabor Barnafoldi, Boris Wagner, Chiara Bianchin, K. Barth, Petr Nomokonov, David Horak, S. Lee, Rashmi Raniwala, C. Lara, Sarita Sahoo, Yvonne Chiara Pachmayer, Michal Kopcik, S. Sadovsky, Christopher Hills, Domenico Colella, Premomoy Ghosh, Pradip Kumar Sahu, Konstantin Mikhaylov, Emily Jade Willsher, Malgorzata Anna Janik, Branislav Sitar, Shinichi Hayashi, B. von Haller, Boris Teyssier, Sven Gotovac, Zabulon Vilakazi, Saikat Biswas, Fabrizio Grosa, Elisa Laudi, Franco Meddi, Mikhail Ippolitov, Franck Manso, Sidharth Kumar Prasad, Sebastian Hornung, Claude Andre Pruneau, Roberto Barbera, Elena Botta, Petra Riedler, Vladimir Samsonov, Vojtech Pacik, Christine Nattrass, Mohd Danish Azmi, Chinorat Kobdaj, Francesco Noferini, Roman Lavicka, Igor Pshenichnov, I. Das, Anisa Khatun, Iwona Anna Sputowska, Nur Hussain, Jesse Thomas Buxton, Edgar Dominguez Rosas, Arturo Alejandro Menchaca-Rocha, Natalia Zhigareva, Sudipan De, L. Aphecetche, Arild Velure, Omar Vazquez Rueda, Jan Figiel, Peter Malzacher, Diego Stocco, G. de Cataldo, Z. Conesa del Valle, R. Orava, T. Kollegger, J. L. Bazo Alba, Alessandra Fantoni, Ernst Hellbar, Emma Gonzalez Hernandez, Archana Sharma, Andreas Michael Mathis, Alessandro Ferretti, Kjetil Ullaland, N. De Marco, Lars Bratrud, J. H. Kang, Johannes Lehrbach, Peter Strmen, Dong Jo Kim, Nilmoni Sarkar, Francesco Riggi, Stefan Thomas Heckel, Vladimir Vechernin, Yasir Ali, Panagiota Foka, L. O. D. L. Pimentel, Alexander Borissov, Markus Konrad Kohler, Angela Badala, Matej Oravec, Alberica Toia, Hartmut Hillemanns, Sang Un Ahn, Valentina Zaccolo, Matteo Concas, A. J. Castro, Attiq Ur Rehman, Anand Kumar Dubey, Jeremy John Wilkinson, Agneta Oskarsson, Kristjan Herlache Gulbrandsen, Magnus Mager, Sanchari Thakur, Hans Rudolf Schmidt, Charalampos Kouzinopoulos, P. W. Stankus, Motoi Inaba, Jin Hee Yoon, J. Zhu, Andrea Alici, Johannes Peter Wessels, R. A. Negrao De Oliveira, Janusz Oleniacz, Y. Berdnikov, Ana Vargas, Michal Broz, H. Bello Martinez, Michal Meres, Tiziano Virgili, Markus Fasel, Michal Sefcik, Dai-Mei Zhou, Danthasinghe Piyarathna, Martin Vala, C. Ceballos Sanchez, Alberto Rotondi, Ana Maria Marin, Nicole Alice Martin, Pranjal Sarma, Bedangadas Mohanty, Pietro Antonioli, Luisa Cifarelli, Elena Bruna, Brennan Schaefer, Sibaliso Mhlanga, Alexandru Bercuci, Werner Riegler, R. D. Majka, Boris Rumyantsev, C. Zhang, Klaus Johannes Reygers, Astrid Morreale, Slavka Jadlovska, T.H. Kim, Alexei Khanzadeev, Dominik Voscek, Yves Roland Schutz, Fatiha Lehas, H. Natal da Luz, Federica Sozzi, A. A. Capon, F. Carena, D. Watanabe, Uzma Tabassam, Theo Alexander Broker, Taku Gunji, E. Stenlund, L. V. R. Doremalen, Cristian Andrei, Venelin Anguelov, Eliane Epple, E. G. Ferreiro, Rama Chandra Baral, Sergey Shirinkin, Anton Alkin, Lukasz Kamil Graczykowski, Ashpreet Kaur Duggal, Paul Alois Buhler, Ali Zaman, Adrian Sevcenco, Stefano Panebianco, Marco Marquard, Oleksandr Kovalenko, Mihai Niculescu, Wadut Shaikh, Giuseppe Trombetta, G. Conesa Balbastre, Michael Wang, Shuguang Zou, Basanta Kumar Nandi, Svein Lindal, Rishat Sultanov, Ping Yang, Peter Martin Jacobs, Jon Christopher Wikne, Giacomo Bruno, Charles E. Hughes, D. Hatzifotiadou, Predrag Buncic, A. Baldisseri, M. Kofarago, Christopher Daniel Anson, Kristin Fanebust Hetland, Svetlana Kushpil, Laszlo Boldizsar, J. Takahashi, Annelies Marianne Veen, Vito Manzari, Gennady Zinovjev, Sadhana Dash, Dieter Røhrich, Rathijit Biswas, I. León Monzón, K. Shtejer, Arvind Khuntia, Viktor Riabov, C. Cicalo, Bharati Naik, Y. Pestov, Felix Reidt, V. Chibante Barroso, Raghunath Sahoo, Valerie Ramillien Barret, M. A. Diaz Corchero, S. A. Iga Buitron, Mohammad Tariq, Oliver Busch, V. Petrov, Øystein Djuvsland, Zhiqing Zhang, Raphaelle Marie Bailhache, Ermanno Vercellin, M. A. Mazzoni, Artem Konevskikh, Tahir Hussain, Debojit Sarkar, Peter Glassel, R. N. Singaraju, Christian Bourjau, Francesco Barile, Irais Bautista Guzman, Joakim Nystrand, Hendrik Poppenborg, Julien Charles Hamon, N. Zaviyalov, A. Gomez Ramirez, Konstantin Munning, J. Wiechula, Beomsu Chang, Corey James Myers, C. Oppedisano, Catalin-Lucian Ristea, D. Vranic, Vitaly Loginov, Lidia Maria Gorlich, Kenneth Francis Read, Stefania Bufalino, Podist Kurashvili, L. Nellen, Jonatan Adolfsson, Michael Linus Knichel, T.P. Sinha, Håvard Helstrup, Ritsuya Hosokawa, Tyler Harrison Lutz, Fedor Guber, Jan Cabala, Antonio Uras, Elisa Meninno, H. Pereira Da Costa, Oliver Werner Arnold, Y. Sekiguchi, Inayat Rasool Bhat, G. Tejeda Muñoz, Maciej Slupecki, James Declan Mulligan, T. J. Humanic, K. Šafařík, Preeti Dhankher, Sampo Saarinen, Barbara Ewa Erazmus, Andrea Dubla, R. Varma, Giuseppe Simonetti, Ivan Ravasenga, Ralf Peter Averbeck, S. Beole, C. Lagana Fernandes, Michele Floris, Jongsik Eum, M. Gallio, Jacobus Onderwaater, B. Ketzer, Sibaji Raha, Filip Erhardt, Chiara Zampolli, Marko Jercic, Maksim Melnik Storetvedt, Biswarup Paul, Jeremi Niedziela, M. Weber, Sonia Rajput, V. Petráček, Ruben Shahoyan, Janka Vrlakova, Tomoya Tsuji, Arseniy Shabanov, Myunggeun Song, W. J. Llope, Lucia Leardini, Jurgen Schukraft, Satyabrata Kar, Victor Trubnikov, Amrendra Narayan, Julien Faivre, Hiroshi Murakami, Xiaowen Ren, Stefano Piano, and Sourav Kundu

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, Time projection chamber, Large Hadron Collider, Time of flight detector, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Hadron, 01 natural sciences, 0103 physical sciences, Quark–gluon plasma, Rapidity, Thermal model, 010306 general physics
Abstract

Results on the production of 4 He and He‾4 nuclei in Pb–Pb collisions at sNN=2.76TeV in the rapidity range |y

Published
2018

41. Measuring KS0K± interactions using Pb–Pb collisions at sNN=2.76 TeV

Author

Mauro Rogerio Cosentino, Juan Carlos Cabanillas Noris, Pietro Cortese, Krzysztof Redlich, Sami Sakari Rasanen, Ashutosh Pandey, Fabio Filippo Colamaria, Chaosong Gao, Saikat Biswas, Rafael Peretti Pezzi, H. Borel, Alexei Khanzadeev, Lukas Tropp, A. Fernández Téllez, Horst Sebastian Scheid, Natalia Kondratyeva, Mateusz Andrzej Ploskon, Sibaliso Mhlanga, S. Schuchmann, Jubin Mitra, Archana Sharma, M. Martinez Pedreira, K. Schweda, S. Sadovsky, Christopher Hills, A. J. Rubio Montero, Hui Zhang, Domenico Colella, Hans Peter Beck, Anders Garritt Knospe, L. V. Malinina, D. Peresunko, Kirill Voloshin, Andrea Alici, C. de Conti, Alexandru Bercuci, M. E. Connors, Boris Batyunya, Cristiane Jahnke, Vladimir Samsonov, Christine Nattrass, Iouri Belikov, Thomas Dietel, E. Stenlund, Lukasz Kamil Graczykowski, D. W. Kim, Dai-Mei Zhou, Roman Lietava, P. Crochet, Chengxin Zhao, Basanta Kumar Nandi, Svein Lindal, Rishat Sultanov, Ping Yang, Filippo Costa, Michael Linus Knichel, J. L. Charvet, Eugen Mudnic, Christopher Daniel Anson, You Zhou, Linda Vickovic, Yonghong Zhang, Kristin Fanebust Hetland, Svetlana Kushpil, Rathijit Biswas, I. León Monzón, Jozef Ferencei, Suharyo Sumowidagdo, Gualtiero Volpe, Salvatore Aiola, B. K. Srivastava, Jorn Henning Putschke, Lee Stuart Barnby, Yves Roland Schutz, Teodor Siemiarczuk, C. Cicalo, A. A. Capon, D. Watanabe, Sohail Musa Mahmood, M. H. P. Sas, N. Zaviyalov, A. Gomez Ramirez, Uzma Tabassam, Min Jung Kweon, Leo Clifford Greiner, Mohammad Ahmad Saleh, Raymond James Ehlers, Federica Sozzi, Vladimir Nikulin, D. Domenicis Gimenez, J. Pluta, Piero Giubilato, Alexander Akindinov, Vicente González, David Dobrigkeit Chinellato, Dmitry Blau, C. Roy, J. Castillo Castellanos, Xavier Bernard Lopez, Jaroslav Bielcik, Elena Rogochaya, Naghmeh Mohammadi, Joel Anthony Mazer, Cristian Andrei, Venelin Anguelov, Eliane Epple, M. Keil, Jamila Bashir Butt, Y. Sibiriak, Boris Hippolyte, Tomas Vanat, Evgeny Ryabinkin, Guy Paic, Sergey Gorbunov, R. T. Jimenez Bustamante, S. Vigolo, Linus Feldkamp, Andres Sandoval, Christophe Furget, Jean Willy Andre Cleymans, Volker Lindenstruth, Barbara Antonina Trzeciak, Aditya Nath Mishra, Roberto Divia, Dimitry Aleksandrov, S. Porteboeuf-Houssais, Konstantin Munning, Sarita Sahoo, Yvonne Chiara Pachmayer, Rune Langøy, Roberta Arnaldi, Mohd Danish Azmi, J. Wiechula, Beomsu Chang, Corey James Myers, Peter Malzacher, R. Orava, David Olle Rickard Silvermyr, Yongwook Baek, C. Oppedisano, Alexandru Florin Dobrin, Dhananjaya Thakur, Sang Un Ahn, Alexander Deisting, Ilya Selyuzhenkov, P. I. Loenne, Martin Schmidt, Barbara Guerzoni, Peter Christiansen, Valentina Zaccolo, Tatiana Drozhzhova, Catalin-Lucian Ristea, Hans Rudolf Schmidt, Sean Murray, J. Mercado Pérez, P. La Rocca, Alberto Caliva, Jan Wagner, S. P. Sorensen, Dezso Varga, Andrew John Lowe, V. Grigoriev, Y. Corrales Morales, Lukas Gruber, Christian Holm Christensen, Matthias Bonora, Gilda Scioli, Z. Buthelezi, Livio Bianchi, L. Cunqueiro, Sumit Kumar Saha, Benjamin Audurier, Federico Cindolo, Daniel Michael Muhlheim, Silvia Arcelli, Alex Henri Jean Chauvin, D. De Gruttola, T. Antičić, Richa Gupta, Anton Andronic, D. Vranic, Vitaly Loginov, Lidia Maria Gorlich, Kenneth Francis Read, Jussi Samuli Viinikainen, Dmitry Finogeev, Igor Lakomov, Kohei Terasaki, Tomas Wilhelm Snellman, J. Zhu, C. Garabatos, T. Peitzmann, G. Boca, In-kwon Yoo, Pranjal Sarma, Akihide Nobuhiro, Tomoya Tsuji, Stefania Bufalino, Mihai Petrovici, Ara Grigoryan, Germano Bonomi, Jacek Tomasz Otwinowski, Alexander Mamonov, E. Spiriti, Christian Claude Kuhn, Erwann Masson, Benjamin Donigus, D. Elia, Bernd Stefan Windelband, M. Mohisin Khan, Jan Hladky, P. H. S. Y. Jayarathna, Antoine Xavier Lardeux, Podist Kurashvili, Jinjin Pan, A. K. Bhati, Toralf Bernhard Skaali, Miroslaw Marek Kielbowicz, Michael Henry Oliver, Varlen Grabski, Emilia Leogrande, Bong-Hwi Lim, Shreyasi Acharya, H. Appelshäuser, Mohamad Tarhini, Ketil Røed, Sebastian Lehner, P. Cerello, Paolo Giubellino, Jan Jadlovsky, Ali Zaman, Baldo Sahlmuller, Marcel Araujo Silva Figueredo, A. De Caro, Dario Berzano, J. Van Der Maarel, Sumit Basu, Borge Svane Nielsen, Jacopo Margutti, Sergey Nikolaev, Helmut Oskar Oeschler, P. L. M. Podesta-Lerma, Marco Marquard, A. Di Mauro, Viktor Ratza, E. Calvo Villar, Nikita Agrawal, Rene Bellwied, Jhuma Ghosh, Sabyasachi Siddhanta, Federico Antinori, David Michael Rohr, C. Alves Garcia Prado, P. Di Nezza, Sona Pochybova, Annika Passfeld, S. Lee, Gabriele Gaetano Fronze, D. A. Moreira De Godoy, Claudiu Cornel Schiaua, G. Martínez García, B. von Haller, Andrei Ionut Herghelegiu, Heiko Engel, L. Nellen, Nikolai Smirnov, Jonatan Adolfsson, Raphael Noel Tieulent, Ganesh Jagannath Tambave, Manuel Colocci, A. Villatoro Tello, Anju Bhasin, Prakhar Garg, E. López Torres, Markus Ball, A. Kolojvari, P. González-Zamora, Arseniy Shabanov, G. A. Feofilov, Peter Braun-Munzinger, Sandra Moretto, Andrea Danu, Anastasia Maria Barbano, M. Zhalov, Stefan Kirsch, Sergey Nikulin, Artem Shangaraev, Eugenio Scapparone, Gerardus Nooren, Jan Musinsky, Ombretta Pinazza, Christian Schmidt, Stefan Thomas Heckel, Jin-Hong Park, Anik Gupta, Sanjeev Singh Sambyal, Valeriy Pozdniakov, Guillaume Batigne, Håvard Helstrup, Cristina Terrevoli, Henner Buesching, Erik Brücken, Ritsuya Hosokawa, Tyler Harrison Lutz, Fedor Guber, Constantinos Loizides, Hiroki Yokoyama, D. M. Goméz Coral, Andrey Zarochentsev, Matteo Lupi, T. K. Nayak, Eleazar Cuautle, Bruno Alessandro, Priyanka Sett, Ashik Ikbal Sheikh, Igor Diakonov, Jana Crkovská, E. Nappi, Susan L. Swain, Lucas Altenkamper, Ajay Kumar Dash, E. Fragiacomo, Fabian Pliquett, Mikolaj Krzewicki, Shaji Kumar, Mesut Arslandok, Madan M. Aggarwal, B. Di Ruzza, S. L. La Pointe, Lucina Gabriela Espinoza Beltran, Alexander Kluge, Paolo Camerini, Jan Cabala, Gennady Zinovjev, J. Porter, Hao Wang, Sergey Voloshin, D. Miśkowiec, Florian Herrmann, Monika Joanna Jakubowska, G. V. Margagliotti, Ionel Stan, H. Caines, Sudhir Raniwala, Antonio Uras, Tatiana Karavicheva, Sadhana Dash, Elisa Meninno, H. Pereira Da Costa, Ian Gardner Bearden, Alessandra Lattuca, Jochen Klein, Volodymyr Yurchenko, Antonija Utrobicic, Renu Bala, Myunggeun Song, W. J. Llope, C. Hadjidakis, Bogdan Theodor Rascanu, Dieter Røhrich, M. Konyushikhin, David H. Evans, M. Masera, Lucia Leardini, Alexey Kuryakin, Raffaele Grosso, Alberto Masoni, Subikash Choudhury, E. A. R. Casula, Vladyslav Litichevskyi, Trine Spedstad Tveter, Bharati Naik, Katie Leanne Graham, Johann Zmeskal, K. Shtejer, Sven Gotovac, Miljenko Suljic, Zabulon Vilakazi, Roman Lavicka, Christoph Blume, Andrzej Rybicki, Piotr Jan Gasik, Ivan Kisel, Shuaib Ahmad Khan, Oliver Werner Arnold, Y. Sekiguchi, A. B. Kurepin, Dirk Hutter, Y. Pestov, Peter Kalinak, Zubayer Ahammed, Nima Zardoshti, Philippe Pillot, Baidyanath Sahoo, Adam Tomasz Matyja, Inayat Rasool Bhat, G. Tejeda Muñoz, Sanjib Muhuri, P. Roy, Dimitar Lubomirov Mihaylov, Arturo Alejandro Menchaca-Rocha, Filimon Roukoutakis, Audrey Francisco, Vikas Singhal, Ralf Keidel, Maciej Slupecki, Johan Alme, Luciano Ramello, Alice Zimmermann, Jose Luis Bazo Alba, H.B. Kim, L. Aphecetche, Ernst Hellbar, F. Carena, Markus Bernhard Zimmermann, Taku Gunji, Bedangadas Mohanty, James Declan Mulligan, Vit Kucera, Kosei Yamakawa, Ciprian Mihai Mitu, T. J. Humanic, Sandro Christian Wenzel, Antonino Zichichi, Luciano Musa, Andreas Michael Mathis, Prabhat Ranjan Pujahari, Alexis Jean-michel Mas, Valery Punin, Marianna Mazzilli, Peter Strmen, Wisla Carena, Martino Gagliardi, Adriana Telesca, V. Lenti, Felix Reidt, Rudiger Haake, Stefano Trogolo, V. Chibante Barroso, Caterina Deplano, Raghunath Sahoo, Lilit Karayan, S. Vergara Limón, Nilmoni Sarkar, Vladimir Vechernin, Nirbhay Kumar Behera, Peter Levai, Peter Zahariev Hristov, Ken Oyama, Marcelo Gameiro Munhoz, Valerie Ramillien Barret, M. Rodríguez Cahuantzi, K. Šafařík, Preeti Dhankher, D. L. Mihaylov, Fiorella Fionda, Harry Arthur Andrews, Meike Charlotte Danisch, Esther Bartsch, Zhuo Zhou, Valeria Muccifora, Fatiha Lehas, Sampo Saarinen, Barbara Ewa Erazmus, Sebastian Klewin, Z. Yin, Syaefudin Jaelani, Peter Chochula, Wanchaloem Poonsawat, Y. F. Ryabov, A. G. Bogdanov, Mikhail Malaev, Paolo Bartalini, Diego Stocco, M. O. Schmidt, Jitendra Kumar, Davide Francesco Lodato, Ulrich Fuchs, Corrado Gargiulo, Manoj Bhanudas Jadhav, D. Di Bari, S. Esumi, H. Natal da Luz, Serhiy Senyukov, M. A. Diaz Corchero, S. A. Iga Buitron, Mohammad Tariq, A. Nedosekin, Xinye Peng, Kristjan Herlache Gulbrandsen, Charalampos Kouzinopoulos, O. Villalobos Baillie, Christian Lippmann, Luis Gustavo Pereira, J. W. Van Hoorne, R. A. Ricci, M. Irfan, Y. Mao, S. U. Chung, D. S. Hwang, Kunal Garg, Anton Alkin, Andrea Dubla, R. Varma, Vladimir Kaplin, Oliver Busch, A. S. Gonzalez, V. Petrov, T. Chowdhury, Laura Fabbietti, Christophe Pierre Suire, Mukesh Sharma, Xiangrong Zhu, A. Feliciello, Patrick Simon Reichelt, Johannes Peter Wessels, Sergey Nazarenko, A. Karasu Uysal, Jurgen Schukraft, V. P. Kondratiev, Øystein Djuvsland, Ivan Vorobyev, Vytautas Vislavicius, Alessandro Grelli, Theo Alexander Broker, G. S. Pappalardo, P. G. Kuijer, Wladyslaw Henryk Trzaska, Madalina-Gabriela Tarzila, Gergely Gabor Barnafoldi, J. S. Kim, Raimond Snellings, Marek Kowalski, Y. Watanabe, Vladimir Belyaev, J. T. Blair, J. de Cuveland, Massimiliano Marchisone, G. Puddu, Daiki Sekihata, M. Kim, E. Perez Lezama, Ajay Kumar, A. Szczepankiewicz, Yue Shi Lai, Erin Frances Gauger, Deepa Thomas, P. Rosnet, Andrey Reshetin, Sukalyan Chattopadhyay, Marcello Lunardon, Vladimir Izucheev, Ionut Cristian Arsene, M. C. S. Williams, E. G. Ferreiro, Arturo Tauro, Ashpreet Kaur Duggal, Soyeon Cho, Adrian Sevcenco, Stefano Panebianco, Premomoy Ghosh, M. A. Lisa, Gyula Bencedi, Tuva Ora Herenui Richert, Siegfried Valentin Foertsch, Luca Barioglio, Brigitte Cheynis, Marton Vargyas, Federico Ronchetti, Giuseppe Simonetti, Andre Mischke, Ivan Ravasenga, Ralf Peter Averbeck, S. Beole, C. Lagana Fernandes, S. K. Ghosh, D. Budnikov, Oleg Karavichev, S. De Pasquale, Jai Samuel Nielsen Salzwedel, M. Cherney, J.A. Mares, Martin Poghosyan, J. L. Klay, A. R. Reolon, A. Rustamov, Satyabrata Kar, Victor Trubnikov, Amrendra Narayan, Barbara Jacak, Julius Maximilian Gronefeld, Julien Faivre, Matti Mikael Mieskolainen, Thomas Michael Cormier, Grazia Luparello, J. Saini, Konstantin Mikhaylov, J. A. L. Martinez, K. Barth, Paraskevi Ganoti, Natasha Sharma, Mikhail Ippolitov, Natalia Zhigareva, Anisa Khatun, L. V. V. Doremalen, Iwona Anna Sputowska, Nur Hussain, Supriya Das, Artur Furs, Lokesh Kumar, Carsten Klein, D. J. Kim, Jihyun Bhom, Muhammad Umair Naru, Maitreyee Mukherjee, S. W. Lindsay, Vladislav Manko, A. M. Gago, Tatsuya Chujo, Ewa Gladysz-dziadus, Jan Rak, Jesse Thomas Buxton, Andrey Vasiliev, Enrico Scomparin, Hideki Hamagaki, Hua Pei, Zhiqing Zhang, Raphaelle Marie Bailhache, Ermanno Vercellin, Ken Suzuki, Anselmo Margotti, Alessandro Ferretti, M. A. Mazzoni, Artem Konevskikh, Tahir Hussain, Pradip Kumar Sahu, Fabrizio Grosa, Rosario Turrisi, Rosario Nania, Debojit Sarkar, Paul Alois Buhler, Jung-Il Song, Alexander Philipp Kalweit, Michal Kopcik, R. Russo, A. De Falco, Andile Mothegi Whitehead, Danilo Silva De Albuquerque, Mihai Niculescu, Michael Wang, Shuguang Zou, Ejiro Naomi Umaka, Johannes Lehrbach, M. van Leeuwen, Matteo Concas, Xing Long Li, Jaime Norman, Y. J. Kwon, Rahul Ramachandran Nair, Yu. V. Kharlov, Kirill Lapidus, Vladimir Peskov, Petra Loncar, A. C. Oliveira Da Silva, Nicola Bianchi, Amalia Pop, Rachid Guernane, Chitrasen Jena, Imrich Szarka, Nicole Bastid, Pooja Pareek, Aleksey M. Tikhonov, Janet Elizabeth Seger, Satyajit Jena, M. Bombara, P. Vande Vyvre, Tsubasa Okubo, Sonia Parmar, Evgeny Kondratyuk, Peter Glassel, R. N. Singaraju, Andrea Francescon, Bernhard Hohlweger, Christian Bourjau, Franco Meddi, Franck Manso, Hiroshi Murakami, Xiaowen Ren, Chinorat Kobdaj, Attiq Ur Rehman, Ki-Seok Choi, Motoi Inaba, G. de Cataldo, V. J. G. Feuillard, Vojtech Pacik, Francesco Noferini, Francesco Barile, Irais Bautista Guzman, A. Maire, Anton Jusko, Leonid Vinogradov, Gabor Kiss, Ankhi Roy, Dimitra Andreou, Austin Vincent Harton, Jørgen André Lien, Alexandre Shabetai, Goran Simatovic, C. Lara, Sudipan De, Jin Hee Yoon, Z. Conesa del Valle, Dong Jo Kim, Alessandra Fantoni, Angela Badala, F. Scarlassara, Joakim Nystrand, Hartmut Hillemanns, Ivan Kralik, Miroslav Pikna, Maximiliano Puccio, Mario Sitta, T. Kollegger, A. Baldisseri, M. Kofarago, Latchezar Betev, William Edward Witt, Hendrik Poppenborg, Maria Vasileiou, A. M. Rossi, Johanna Stachel, Katarina Krizkova Gajdosova, J. Bartke, N. Grion, Adela Kravcakova, Matej Oravec, J. H. Kang, Alexander Borissov, J. J. Gaardhøje, Dmitry Mal'kevich, Anand Kumar Dubey, Hans Martin Ljunggren, Nicolo Jacazio, Michelangelo Agnello, Hongbo Zhu, Petra Riedler, Oleksandr Kovalenko, Bruno Espagnon, V. Paticchio, Vladimir Kovalenko, A. A. Vinogradov, Julien Charles Hamon, Michal Meres, Tiziano Virgili, Markus Fasel, Redmer Alexander Bertens, Sanchari Thakur, Julian Wojciech Myrcha, Panagiotis Christakoglou, P. W. Stankus, Xuan Zhang, Guido Alexander Willems, Satoshi Yano, Mais Kazim Oglu Suleymanov, Laurent Ducroux, Wadut Shaikh, Cvetan Valeriev Cheshkov, Radiy Ilkaev, Surya Prakash Pathak, Rainer Arno Ernst Renfordt, Andrew Michael Kubera, Petr Nomokonov, G. Koyithatta Meethaleveedu, Michal Broz, Philipp Johannes Luettig, C. Ceballos Sanchez, Giuseppe Trombetta, Pragati Sahoo, Daniel Berenyi, H. Bello Martinez, Alberto Rotondi, Sk Noor Alam, L. O. D. L. Pimentel, Paolo Martinengo, Igor Pshenichnov, Fouad Rami, I. Das, G. Conesa Balbastre, Peter Martin Jacobs, David Horak, Rashmi Raniwala, Nicole Alice Martin, Yuri Melikyan, Olja Dordic, Catherine Micaela Silvestre, E. M. Fiore, O. Vazquez Doce, Steffen Georg Weber, Anthony Robert Timmins, Adam Ryszard Kisiel, Jeremy John Wilkinson, R. D. De Souza, Jon Christopher Wikne, L. A. P. Moreno, Christoph Mayer, Giacomo Bruno, Charles E. Hughes, Agneta Oskarsson, Sebastian Hornung, Claude Andre Pruneau, Roberto Barbera, Robert Helmut Munzer, U. Frankenfeld, R. D. Majka, Debasish Das, D. L. D. Keijdener, T. P. Sinha, Jan Figiel, F. Soramel, D. Hatzifotiadou, Predrag Buncic, Laszlo Boldizsar, J. Takahashi, Costin Grigoras, Leonardo Milano, Benjamin Andreas Hess, S. Li, Elena Botta, Hanna Paulina Zbroszczyk, Kgotlaesele Senosi, Michal Sumbera, A. A. P. Suaide, M. Basile, Hadi Hassan, Slavka Jadlovska, Ranbir Singh, Simon Voigt Nesbø, Mandeep Kour, Ramona Lea, Paola Gianotti, Jovan Milosevic, Toru Sugitate, Michele Floris, L. Lazaridis, Krzysztof Marek Sielewicz, Evgeny Karpechev, Malgorzata Anna Janik, Annelies Marianne Veen, Vito Manzari, Arvind Khuntia, Jongsik Eum, Viktor Riabov, Rajendra Nath Patra, Serpil Yalcin, Saehanseul Oh, Sergey Filchagin, Marco Bregant, Janusz Oleniacz, Y. Berdnikov, Boris Teyssier, F. Carnesecchi, M. Gallio, Ana Vargas, Danthasinghe Piyarathna, G. Aglieri Rinella, Cristina Bedda, E. Montes, F. Prino, B. Polichtchouk, A. J. Castro, Elisa Laudi, R. A. Negrao De Oliveira, M. An, Jacobus Onderwaater, Susanna Costanza, Edmundo Javier Garcia-Solis, Nikola Poljak, Torsten Dahms, Alexander Szabo, Filip Krizek, Emily Jade Willsher, Branislav Sitar, Astrid Vauthier, Ranjit Nayak, Elena Bruna, Bastian Bathen, I. Cortés Maldonado, Ana Maria Marin, C. Zhang, Eric Endress, Annalisa Mastroserio, Jan Fiete Grosse-Oetringhaus, M. Nicassio, B. Ketzer, Sidharth Kumar Prasad, Arild Velure, Omar Vazquez Rueda, Kjetil Ullaland, N. De Marco, Klaus Johannes Reygers, Astrid Morreale, Igor Altsybeev, Sibaji Raha, Filip Erhardt, Dominik Voscek, Chiara Zampolli, Davide Pagano, Seyong Kim, Laszlo Olah, Francesco Riggi, Panagiota Foka, Marko Jercic, Udo Wolfgang Kebschull, Pascal Dupieux, Andrea Dainese, Sergey Fokin, Torsten Alt, Michal Sefcik, Biswarup Paul, Werner Riegler, A. Batista Camejo, Jeremi Niedziela, M. Weber, Paolo Pagano, Sonia Rajput, V. Petráček, Ruben Shahoyan, F. Bock, Janka Vrlakova, T.H. Kim, Alberica Toia, Magnus Mager, W. J. Park, Pietro Antonioli, Luisa Cifarelli, Petr Zavada, Deepika Rathee, R. P. Scharenberg, Christina Markert, Przemyslaw Stefan Rokita, Paul Christoph Bätzing, A. Rakotozafindrabe, G. Hamar, J. H. Kim, Yasuo Miake, Sinjini Chandra, Palash Khan, Davide Caffarri, A. Ortiz Velasquez, Stefano Bagnasco, M. V. Ivanov, J. G. Contreras, Sylvain Chapeland, Rinaldo Rui, Qiye Shou, M. Fusco Girard, Sergey Evdokimov, Alberto Collu, Samrangy Sadhu, Carlos Duarte Galvan, Naoto Tanaka, Buddhadeb Bhattacharjee, Boris Wagner, Chiara Bianchin, Tyler Allen Browning, Shinichi Hayashi, Alla Maevskaya, M. I. Martínez, Mirko Planinic, Vladimir Ivanov, G. L. Usai, Stefano Piano, Sourav Kundu, Pascal Dillenseger, S. Mahajan, Prabhakar Palni, Vardanush Papikyan, R. Alfaro Molina, R. Scott, Marielle Chartier, C. Petta, Dagmar Adamová, Marian Krivda, Grzegorz Andrzej Wilk, Matthias Richter, Ante Bilandzic, G. Herrera Corral, Lawrence Pinsky, D. B. Rana, Sergey Kiselev, Andreas Morsch, Shingo Sakai, Uwe Westerhoff, J. W. Harris, A. Rachevski, Silvia Masciocchi, Kenta Shigaki, Renaud Vernet, C. Klein-Bösing, A. S. Nyanin, F. Bellini, Giulio Eulisse, Kishora Nayak, Kilian Eberhard Schwarz, Hermann Franz Degenhardt, Dennis Franz Weiser, Martin Andreas Volkl, H. J. C. Zanoli, Evgeny Kryshen, Vladimir V. Isakov, Roberto Preghenella, Marek Chojnacki, E. Serradilla, Marie Germain, Sebastian Rosado Navarro, Alice Elisabeth Ohlson, Marcello Borri, Alexander Vodopyanov, Alexandr Tumkin, N. Ahmad, Rafay Anwar, Sushanta Tripathy, Fabian Ng, Roy Crawford Lemmon, Andrea Festanti, Jana Bielcikova, Robert Vertesi, Bjarte Kileng, Rama Chandra Baral, Peter Graham Jones, Smbat Grigoryan, Rainer Martin Schicker, Andrzej Deloff, J. Book, Andre Augustinus, and Martin Vala

Subjects
Quantum chromodynamics, Physics, Coupling, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Large Hadron Collider, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Radius, 01 natural sciences, Resonance (particle physics), Particle identification, Nuclear physics, Diquark, Hadron physics, 0103 physical sciences, Statistical analysis, Tetraquark, 010306 general physics
Abstract

We present the first measurements of femtoscopic correlations between the KS0 and K± particles in pp collisions at s=7 TeV measured by the ALICE experiment. The observed femtoscopic correlations are consistent with final-state interactions proceeding solely via the a0(980) resonance. The extracted kaon source radius and correlation strength parameters for KS0K− are found to be equal within the experimental uncertainties to those for KS0K+ . Results of the present study are compared with those from identical-kaon femtoscopic studies also performed with pp collisions at s=7 TeV by ALICE and with a KS0K± measurement in Pb–Pb collisions at sNN=2.76 TeV. Combined with the Pb–Pb results, our pp analysis is found to be compatible with the interpretation of the a0(980) having a tetraquark structure instead of that of a diquark.

Published
2017

42. Can a better understanding of WIC customer experiences increase benefit redemption and help control program food costs?

Author

Joanne F. Guthrie, Collin R. Payne, Mihai Niculescu, and Lisa Mancino

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, 030109 nutrition & dietetics, Nutrition and Dietetics, Health (social science), Vendor, business.industry, Program management, 05 social sciences, Control (management), Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Advertising, Customer relationship management, Behavioral economics, Crowding, ComputingMilieux_GENERAL, Voucher, 03 medical and health sciences, 0502 economics and business, 050211 marketing, Customer satisfaction, Marketing, business
Abstract

The Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) program benefits nutritionally vulnerable populations by providing them with vouchers to buy healthful foods. In the retail sphere, the WIC program faces 2 challenges to maximizing its effectiveness: ensuring a positive retail experience that leads to full redemption of benefit vouchers and controlling food costs paid by the program. Unfavorable retail experiences may result in reductions in WIC benefit redemption, switching to other stores (even if expensive), or program dropout. We find that these WIC customer experiences depend on retailer size, store crowding, employee–customer interactions, and retailers’ WIC program management. WIC vendor managers can set normative retailer benchmarks of what is expected for WIC customer experiences resulting in WIC participant retention, thereby nudging underperforming retailers to improve and rewarding already excellent performing retailers.

Published
2017

43. Linear and non-linear flow mode in Pb–Pb collisions at sNN=2.76 TeV

Author

Marco Marquard, Dmitry Blau, C. Roy, J. L. Charvet, Min Jung Kweon, M. Keil, Sergey Gorbunov, Alexander Akindinov, Vicente González, R. T. Jimenez Bustamante, Rafael Peretti Pezzi, H. Borel, M. Martinez Pedreira, K. Schweda, Tomas Wilhelm Snellman, S. Vigolo, Franco Meddi, Franck Manso, Linus Feldkamp, Andres Sandoval, Chinorat Kobdaj, Sudipan De, M. E. Connors, F. Bock, A. Maire, Linda Vickovic, Jinjin Pan, Rune Langøy, Roberta Arnaldi, Anton Jusko, Yonghong Zhang, Ivan Kralik, Miroslav Pikna, Z. Conesa del Valle, Mario Sitta, A. K. Bhati, Leo Clifford Greiner, Mohammad Ahmad Saleh, Dong Jo Kim, Alexandru Florin Dobrin, Dhananjaya Thakur, David Dobrigkeit Chinellato, Gennady Zinovjev, Sadhana Dash, Eleazar Cuautle, Alexander Deisting, Dieter Røhrich, David Olle Rickard Silvermyr, B. Di Ruzza, Matej Oravec, Sean Murray, Jan Wagner, Martin Schmidt, K. Shtejer, Barbara Guerzoni, Peter Christiansen, Katie Leanne Graham, Johann Zmeskal, Nikolai Smirnov, Pietro Cortese, Paolo Giubellino, T. Peitzmann, Raphael Noel Tieulent, Markus Ball, Luciano Musa, Matthias Bonora, Gilda Scioli, G. Boca, Michal Meres, Tiziano Virgili, Markus Fasel, Alberica Toia, Sebastian Klewin, S. Schuchmann, Nicolo Jacazio, Michelangelo Agnello, T. K. Nayak, Magnus Mager, Akihide Nobuhiro, Peter Chochula, A. S. Gonzalez, T. Chowdhury, T. Antičić, Richa Gupta, Pietro Antonioli, Peter Kalinak, Valery Punin, Marianna Mazzilli, Adriana Telesca, Christophe Pierre Suire, Mukesh Sharma, Vladimir Izucheev, Manuel Colocci, A. Villatoro Tello, Sven Gotovac, Zabulon Vilakazi, Z. Buthelezi, Luisa Cifarelli, Chiara Zampolli, E. López Torres, A. Kolojvari, C. Alves Garcia Prado, Alexei Khanzadeev, Cristiane Jahnke, Sona Pochybova, Livio Bianchi, Anik Gupta, L. Cunqueiro, Lucina Gabriela Espinoza Beltran, Caterina Deplano, Florian Herrmann, Roman Lavicka, Arturo Alejandro Menchaca-Rocha, Vladimir Belyaev, J. T. Blair, Sanjib Muhuri, P. Roy, Sumit Kumar Saha, Benjamin Audurier, Federico Cindolo, Zhuo Zhou, Gabor Biro, Naghmeh Mohammadi, Satoshi Yano, D. M. Goméz Coral, Andrey Zarochentsev, L. Aphecetche, Ernst Hellbar, E. Stenlund, Alla Maevskaya, Andreas Michael Mathis, Prabhat Ranjan Pujahari, Peter Strmen, Daniel Berenyi, Ionut Cristian Arsene, M. C. S. Williams, Oleg Karavichev, Arturo Tauro, C. Hadjidakis, Bogdan Theodor Rascanu, Christophe Furget, Jean Willy Andre Cleymans, Volker Lindenstruth, A. Di Mauro, Peter Braun-Munzinger, Sanjeev Singh Sambyal, Valeriy Pozdniakov, Nilmoni Sarkar, Vladimir Vechernin, Erwann Masson, Marko Jercic, Soyeon Cho, Julius Maximilian Gronefeld, Lukasz Kamil Graczykowski, M. I. Martínez, Barbara Antonina Trzeciak, Krzysztof Redlich, Sami Sakari Rasanen, Ashutosh Pandey, Jubin Mitra, Paolo Martinengo, L. Nellen, Rajendra Nath Patra, Serpil Yalcin, A. B. Kurepin, Robert Helmut Munzer, Rosario Nania, S. De Pasquale, M. Masera, D. W. Kim, Jose Luis Bazo Alba, Nima Zardoshti, Philippe Pillot, Mirko Planinic, Baidyanath Sahoo, Chengxin Zhao, Susanna Costanza, Jonatan Adolfsson, Christian Schmidt, Kristjan Herlache Gulbrandsen, H.B. Kim, Charalampos Kouzinopoulos, E. Calvo Villar, O. Vazquez Doce, Anthony Robert Timmins, Adam Ryszard Kisiel, M. Mohisin Khan, Ejiro Naomi Umaka, Saehanseul Oh, Ashik Ikbal Sheikh, Borge Svane Nielsen, Rudiger Haake, Aleksey M. Tikhonov, R. D. De Souza, Edmundo Javier Garcia-Solis, Håvard Helstrup, Basanta Kumar Nandi, Ranjit Nayak, Svein Lindal, Tatsuya Chujo, Teodor Siemiarczuk, Bastian Bathen, Alexander Szabo, Filip Krizek, Satyajit Jena, Emily Jade Willsher, M. Bombara, E. A. R. Casula, Ralf Keidel, Stefano Trogolo, Rishat Sultanov, J. Mercado Pérez, P. La Rocca, Stefan Kirsch, Sergey Nikulin, Ping Yang, Alberto Caliva, Marian Krivda, Christopher Daniel Anson, Johannes Peter Wessels, Kunal Garg, Branislav Sitar, Biswarup Paul, Ritsuya Hosokawa, Tyler Harrison Lutz, Martin Vala, Fedor Guber, D. S. Hwang, Piotr Jan Gasik, V. J. G. Feuillard, S. Sadovsky, Christopher Hills, Domenico Colella, S. P. Sorensen, Dezso Varga, Andrew John Lowe, Sidharth Kumar Prasad, Constantinos Loizides, A. Feliciello, Kristin Fanebust Hetland, Svetlana Kushpil, Patrick Simon Reichelt, Sergey Nazarenko, Costin Grigoras, Leonardo Milano, Annalisa Mastroserio, Alex Henri Jean Chauvin, D. De Gruttola, Arild Velure, Omar Vazquez Rueda, Bharati Naik, Y. Pestov, Jan Fiete Grosse-Oetringhaus, M. Nicassio, Vikas Singhal, David Michael Rohr, Alice Zimmermann, Dimitra Andreou, Austin Vincent Harton, Lilit Karayan, Antonino Zichichi, S. Vergara Limón, Maximiliano Puccio, Peter Levai, Wanchaloem Poonsawat, Y. F. Ryabov, Kjetil Ullaland, Vladimir Samsonov, N. De Marco, A. Szczepankiewicz, Artem Shangaraev, A. Batista Camejo, Sibaliso Mhlanga, Francesco Riggi, Jeremi Niedziela, M. Weber, Alexandru Bercuci, Igor Altsybeev, Davide Pagano, Fiorella Maria Celeste Fionda, Vladimir Ivanov, Igor Lakomov, Felix Reidt, Rathijit Biswas, I. León Monzón, Luca Barioglio, Brigitte Cheynis, Carsten Klein, Marcelo Gameiro Munhoz, Jozef Ferencei, Jan Cabala, Benjamin Donigus, Valeria Muccifora, A. G. Bogdanov, Paolo Pagano, D. J. Kim, Panagiota Foka, V. Chibante Barroso, Seyong Kim, Gergely Gabor Barnafoldi, Raghunath Sahoo, Laszlo Olah, Grzegorz Andrzej Wilk, Matthias Richter, Federico Antinori, Daniel Michael Muhlheim, Raimond Snellings, Antonio Uras, Elisa Meninno, Mihai Petrovici, C. Cicalo, Valerie Ramillien Barret, Jhuma Ghosh, A. A. Capon, Sabyasachi Siddhanta, Sonia Rajput, V. Petráček, Ruben Shahoyan, H. Pereira Da Costa, Janka Vrlakova, D. Watanabe, Christine Nattrass, Helmut Oskar Oeschler, Gerardus Nooren, Jan Musinsky, Vladimir Kaplin, Ombretta Pinazza, Hiroki Yokoyama, Vytautas Vislavicius, Ara Grigoryan, D. Elia, Marek Kowalski, Jihyun Bhom, Hideki Hamagaki, G. L. Usai, Tuva Ora Herenui Richert, Bernd Stefan Windelband, Ken Suzuki, Anselmo Margotti, Varlen Grabski, Michal Sefcik, Serhiy Senyukov, Udo Wolfgang Kebschull, F. Soramel, Pascal Dupieux, Andrea Dainese, Shaji Kumar, M. A. Diaz Corchero, S. A. Iga Buitron, Mohammad Tariq, Oliver Busch, Tomas Vanat, L. A. P. Moreno, Christoph Mayer, Guy Paic, Jacek Tomasz Otwinowski, Zhanna Khabanova, Oliver Werner Arnold, Uzma Tabassam, Werner Riegler, T.H. Kim, Tomoya Tsuji, Arseniy Shabanov, Sergey Fokin, Mais Kazim Oglu Suleymanov, I-K. Yoo, Laurent Ducroux, Pragati Sahoo, Evgeny Karpechev, U. Frankenfeld, G. Aglieri Rinella, Jana Crkovská, Mesut Arslandok, Ewa Gladysz-dziadus, Jan Rak, Ante Bilandzic, Sk Noor Alam, G. Herrera Corral, Y. Sekiguchi, Inayat Rasool Bhat, Petr Zavada, Y. Watanabe, Rahul Ramachandran Nair, G. de Cataldo, M. A. Lisa, Gyula Bencedi, Chaosong Gao, Saikat Biswas, Benjamin Andreas Hess, V. Petrov, Lawrence Pinsky, Alberto Masoni, F. Carena, Deepika Rathee, R. P. Scharenberg, Christina Markert, Øystein Djuvsland, Catherine Micaela Silvestre, Emilia Leogrande, Bong-Hwi Lim, Eugen Mudnic, Torsten Alt, Alessandra Fantoni, Archana Sharma, Angela Badala, Yu. V. Kharlov, S. K. Ghosh, Viktor Ratza, Taku Gunji, S. Lee, Sergey Filchagin, Marco Bregant, E. M. Fiore, Steffen Georg Weber, Paul Christoph Bätzing, Aditya Nath Mishra, Roberto Divia, Dimitry Aleksandrov, F. Scarlassara, Cristina Bedda, S. Porteboeuf-Houssais, Andrea Alici, Anton Alkin, Przemyslaw Rokita, P. L. M. Podesta-Lerma, Gabriele Gaetano Fronze, A. Rakotozafindrabe, Hartmut Hillemanns, Adela Kravcakova, Anand Kumar Dubey, E. Montes, F. Prino, B. Polichtchouk, Dai-Mei Zhou, A. M. Gago, G. Tejeda Muñoz, Maciej Slupecki, James Declan Mulligan, T. J. Humanic, Sarita Sahoo, Yvonne Chiara Pachmayer, Myunggeun Song, W. J. Llope, Lucia Leardini, B. von Haller, Jorn Henning Putschke, J. Castillo Castellanos, Jamila Bashir Butt, Y. Sibiriak, Harry Arthur Andrews, Y. Mao, Zhiqing Zhang, D. B. Rana, Jurgen Schukraft, Sergey Kiselev, Y. J. Kwon, Paul Alois Buhler, Theo Alexander Broker, Maitreyee Mukherjee, Astrid Vauthier, K. Šafařík, Preeti Dhankher, Guido Alexander Willems, R. Russo, Ionel Stan, Mihai Niculescu, G. Hamar, J. H. Kim, Michael Wang, Hans Martin Ljunggren, Sanchari Thakur, Juan Carlos Cabanillas Noris, Yves Roland Schutz, P. W. Stankus, Sampo Saarinen, Barbara Ewa Erazmus, D. A. Moreira De Godoy, Satyabrata Kar, Mohd Danish Azmi, Victor Trubnikov, Ilya Selyuzhenkov, Peter Malzacher, C. Garabatos, Amrendra Narayan, E. Spiriti, Christian Claude Kuhn, Julien Faivre, R. Orava, Shreyasi Acharya, Raphaelle Marie Bailhache, Federica Sozzi, J. S. Kim, Ermanno Vercellin, Lukas Tropp, M. A. Mazzoni, Artem Konevskikh, A. Fernández Téllez, Horst Sebastian Scheid, Shuguang Zou, A. Baldisseri, M. Kofarago, Sang Un Ahn, Valentina Zaccolo, Meike Charlotte Danisch, Hans Rudolf Schmidt, A. De Falco, Andile Mothegi Whitehead, Yasuo Miake, Sinjini Chandra, Natalia Kondratyeva, Mateusz Andrzej Ploskon, Cristian Andrei, Andrea Dubla, Oleksandr Kovalenko, C. Ceballos Sanchez, Venelin Anguelov, Eliane Epple, D. Peresunko, Danilo Silva De Albuquerque, Kirill Voloshin, H. Appelshäuser, Mohamad Tarhini, Ketil Røed, Sebastian Lehner, R. Varma, P. Cerello, Hiroshi Murakami, Xiaowen Ren, Jacopo Margutti, Sergey Nikolaev, Prakhar Garg, Anastasia Maria Barbano, Tahir Hussain, Debojit Sarkar, Wadut Shaikh, Peter Glassel, P. Vande Vyvre, R. N. Singaraju, Christian Bourjau, Claudiu Cornel Schiaua, C. de Conti, Sandra Moretto, Andrea Danu, Tsubasa Okubo, Filippo Costa, Guillaume Batigne, Palash Khan, Sonia Parmar, Giuseppe Trombetta, G. Conesa Balbastre, Peter Martin Jacobs, M. Cherney, Matti Mikael Mieskolainen, Thomas Michael Cormier, Lokesh Kumar, J. Porter, Hao Wang, Jon Christopher Wikne, Giuseppe Simonetti, Alessandra Lattuca, Jochen Klein, Giacomo Bruno, Charles E. Hughes, Ivan Ravasenga, Eugenio Scapparone, Michael Linus Knichel, Suharyo Sumowidagdo, Matteo Lupi, Marton Vargyas, Gualtiero Volpe, Leonid Vinogradov, Gabor Kiss, Ajay Kumar Dash, Salvatore Aiola, J. Zhu, Hua Pei, Pranjal Sarma, Francesco Barile, D. Hatzifotiadou, Irais Bautista Guzman, Davide Caffarri, A. Ortiz Velasquez, Predrag Buncic, Vladyslav Litichevskyi, Trine Spedstad Tveter, Maria Vasileiou, A. M. Rossi, Andreas Morsch, Joakim Nystrand, Panagiotis Christakoglou, Shingo Sakai, Federico Ronchetti, Andre Mischke, Hendrik Poppenborg, Uwe Westerhoff, Stefano Bagnasco, M. V. Ivanov, V. Paticchio, Vladimir Kovalenko, Debasish Das, Ralf Peter Averbeck, S. Beole, C. Lagana Fernandes, B. K. Srivastava, D. L. D. Keijdener, Ivan Kisel, Ranbir Singh, Laszlo Boldizsar, J. Takahashi, Paola Gianotti, M. H. P. Sas, Raymond James Ehlers, Kirill Lapidus, Vladimir Nikulin, Xuan Zhang, G. Koyithatta Meethaleveedu, Philipp Johannes Luettig, J. G. Contreras, Boris Hippolyte, Pradip Kumar Sahu, Fabrizio Grosa, Julien Charles Hamon, Yuri Melikyan, Olja Dordic, Johanna Stachel, Katarina Krizkova Gajdosova, Simon Voigt Nesbø, Annelies Marianne Veen, Vito Manzari, N. Zaviyalov, Mandeep Kour, A. Gomez Ramirez, Sylvain Chapeland, Krzysztof Marek Sielewicz, Malgorzata Anna Janik, J. W. Harris, A. Rachevski, Konstantin Munning, Volodymyr Yurchenko, Antonija Utrobicic, Renu Bala, Igor Pshenichnov, Alexander Kluge, T. P. Sinha, Hanna Paulina Zbroszczyk, G. V. Margagliotti, Zubayer Ahammed, Christoph Blume, Boris Teyssier, Adam Tomasz Matyja, J. Wiechula, Elisa Laudi, Beomsu Chang, Corey James Myers, C. Oppedisano, Arvind Khuntia, Viktor Riabov, Andrzej Rybicki, Silvia Masciocchi, Rinaldo Rui, Tatiana Drozhzhova, Catalin-Lucian Ristea, Qiye Shou, D. Vranic, Vitaly Loginov, Dimitar Lubomirov Mihaylov, Johan Alme, Luciano Ramello, M. Fusco Girard, Lidia Maria Gorlich, Kenneth Francis Read, Sergey Evdokimov, E. Fragiacomo, Ian Gardner Bearden, Stefania Bufalino, Kenta Shigaki, I. Das, Podist Kurashvili, Renaud Vernet, C. Klein-Bösing, Jitendra Kumar, Davide Francesco Lodato, Alberto Collu, Cvetan Valeriev Cheshkov, Radiy Ilkaev, Samrangy Sadhu, Surya Prakash Pathak, Jan Figiel, N. Grion, Carlos Duarte Galvan, Naoto Tanaka, Alexey Kuryakin, Filimon Roukoutakis, Audrey Francisco, Buddhadeb Bhattacharjee, Markus Bernhard Zimmermann, A. S. Nyanin, F. Bellini, Jovan Milosevic, Boris Wagner, Vit Kucera, Kosei Yamakawa, Ciprian Mihai Mitu, Chiara Bianchin, Tyler Allen Browning, Giulio Eulisse, Kishora Nayak, Kilian Eberhard Schwarz, Esther Bartsch, Shinichi Hayashi, Mikhail Malaev, Fouad Rami, Xiangrong Zhu, Stefano Piano, Sourav Kundu, Boris Batyunya, A. Karasu Uysal, Paolo Bartalini, Pascal Dillenseger, S. Mahajan, Prabhakar Palni, D. Budnikov, Martin Poghosyan, J. L. Klay, A. R. Reolon, A. Rustamov, Barbara Jacak, Vardanush Papikyan, R. Alfaro Molina, Jung-Il Song, Alexander Philipp Kalweit, R. Scott, Marielle Chartier, H. Zhang, C. Petta, D. Domenicis Gimenez, J. Pluta, Dagmar Adamová, Michal Kopcik, Evgeny Ryabinkin, Yongwook Baek, Jussi Samuli Viinikainen, Dmitry Finogeev, K. Barth, Natasha Sharma, Mikhail Ippolitov, Rene Bellwied, Annika Passfeld, Natalia Zhigareva, Mauro Rogerio Cosentino, Monika Joanna Jakubowska, Dirk Hutter, M. Rodríguez Cahuantzi, D. L. Mihaylov, Fabio Filippo Colamaria, A. J. Rubio Montero, Hans Peter Beck, Anders Garritt Knospe, L. V. Malinina, Iouri Belikov, Thomas Dietel, Roman Lietava, P. Crochet, You Zhou, Sohail Musa Mahmood, Joel Anthony Mazer, Christian Holm Christensen, Germano Bonomi, Alexander Mamonov, Jan Jadlovsky, Sumit Basu, Andrei Ionut Herghelegiu, Heiko Engel, Cristina Terrevoli, E. Nappi, Susan L. Swain, Lucas Altenkamper, V. Lenti, Ulrich Fuchs, Corrado Gargiulo, Manoj Bhanudas Jadhav, Yue Shi Lai, Erin Frances Gauger, Premomoy Ghosh, Konstantin Mikhaylov, Anisa Khatun, Iwona Anna Sputowska, Nur Hussain, Jesse Thomas Buxton, Alessandro Ferretti, Johannes Lehrbach, Matteo Concas, Attiq Ur Rehman, Ki-Seok Choi, Motoi Inaba, Jin Hee Yoon, Ivan Vorobyev, Alessandro Grelli, Ajay Kumar, Siegfried Valentin Foertsch, J. A. L. Martinez, Muhammad Umair Naru, Xing Long Li, Jaime Norman, A. C. Oliveira Da Silva, Nicola Bianchi, Madan M. Aggarwal, Neelima Agrawal, Alexis Jean-michel Mas, Wisla Carena, Martino Gagliardi, Nirbhay Kumar Behera, D. Di Bari, S. Esumi, M. Irfan, S. U. Chung, Lee Stuart Barnby, Piero Giubilato, Xavier Bernard Lopez, Jaroslav Bielcik, Elena Rogochaya, P. I. Loenne, Anton Andronic, Jan Hladky, Baldo Sahlmuller, A. De Caro, J. Van Der Maarel, P. Di Nezza, Marcel Araujo Silva Figueredo, Dario Berzano, Anju Bhasin, G. A. Feofilov, M. Zhalov, Fabian Pliquett, Mikolaj Krzewicki, Raffaele Grosso, Miljenko Suljic, Shuaib Ahmad Khan, Vojtech Pacik, Francesco Noferini, T. Kollegger, J. H. Kang, Alexander Borissov, Michal Broz, H. Bello Martinez, Alberto Rotondi, Nicole Alice Martin, R. D. Majka, Slavka Jadlovska, A. Nedosekin, Xinye Peng, O. Villalobos Baillie, Christian Lippmann, Luis Gustavo Pereira, J. W. Van Hoorne, R. A. Ricci, V. P. Kondratiev, S. W. Lindsay, Andrey Vasiliev, Enrico Scomparin, Pooja Pareek, Janet Elizabeth Seger, Andrea Francescon, Bernhard Hohlweger, L. O. D. L. Pimentel, Jeremy John Wilkinson, Agneta Oskarsson, Janusz Oleniacz, Y. Berdnikov, Ana Vargas, Danthasinghe Piyarathna, Elena Bruna, Klaus Johannes Reygers, Astrid Morreale, Dominik Voscek, J. de Cuveland, Massimiliano Marchisone, Deepa Thomas, P. Rosnet, Andrey Reshetin, Sukalyan Chattopadhyay, Marcello Lunardon, J. Saini, L. V. V. Doremalen, Amalia Pop, Rachid Guernane, Chitrasen Jena, Imrich Szarka, Nicole Bastid, Ankhi Roy, Latchezar Betev, J. J. Gaardhøje, Hongbo Zhu, Redmer Alexander Bertens, Antoine Xavier Lardeux, Kgotlaesele Senosi, Michal Sumbera, A. A. P. Suaide, M. Basile, Hadi Hassan, Ganesh Jagannath Tambave, Jin-Hong Park, Henner Buesching, Erik Brücken, L. Lazaridis, F. Carnesecchi, S. L. La Pointe, M. An, M. Konyushikhin, David H. Evans, Nikola Poljak, Torsten Dahms, I. Cortés Maldonado, Eric Endress, Jai Samuel Nielsen Salzwedel, Supriya Das, Artur Furs, Vladislav Manko, Vladimir Peskov, Petra Loncar, Alexandre Shabetai, C. Lara, Petra Riedler, Edgar Dominguez Rosas, Stefan Thomas Heckel, Diego Stocco, Toru Sugitate, Michele Floris, Bedangadas Mohanty, Fatiha Lehas, Jongsik Eum, H. Natal da Luz, M. Gallio, Jacobus Onderwaater, E. G. Ferreiro, Ashpreet Kaur Duggal, Adrian Sevcenco, Stefano Panebianco, V. Grigoriev, Y. Corrales Morales, Lukas Gruber, B. Ketzer, Sibaji Raha, Filip Erhardt, Kohei Terasaki, Toralf Bernhard Skaali, Hermann Franz Degenhardt, Miroslaw Marek Kielbowicz, Michael Henry Oliver, Rosario Turrisi, G. Martínez García, P. González-Zamora, Dennis Franz Weiser, Martin Andreas Volkl, Evgeny Kondratyuk, Jørgen André Lien, Bruno Alessandro, Priyanka Sett, William Edward Witt, H. Caines, Sudhir Raniwala, Tatiana Karavicheva, Bruno Espagnon, Subikash Choudhury, H. J. C. Zanoli, A. A. Vinogradov, Evgeny Kryshen, Sandro Christian Wenzel, Julian Wojciech Myrcha, Rainer Arno Ernst Renfordt, Andrew Michael Kubera, Petr Nomokonov, David Horak, Vladimir V. Isakov, Rashmi Raniwala, Sebastian Hornung, Claude Andre Pruneau, Roberto Preghenella, Marek Chojnacki, Roberto Barbera, Elena Botta, S. Li, Ramona Lea, E. Serradilla, Roy Crawford Lemmon, A. J. Castro, R. A. Negrao De Oliveira, Silvia Arcelli, P. H. S. Y. Jayarathna, Andrea Festanti, Jana Bielcikova, Ana Maria Marin, C. Zhang, Z. Yin, Syaefudin Jaelani, Robert Vertesi, M. O. Schmidt, Bjarte Kileng, Laura Fabbietti, G. Puddu, Rama Chandra Baral, Paolo Camerini, Sergey Voloshin, Daiki Sekihata, M. Kim, E. Perez Lezama, J.A. Mares, D. Miśkowiec, Grazia Luparello, Paraskevi Ganoti, Peter Graham Jones, M. van Leeuwen, Smbat Grigoryan, Rainer Martin Schicker, Goran Simatovic, Peter Zahariev Hristov, Ken Oyama, Dmitry Mal'kevich, Andrzej Deloff, J. Book, G. S. Pappalardo, P. G. Kuijer, Andre Augustinus, Wladyslaw Henryk Trzaska, Madalina-Gabriela Tarzila, Marie Germain, Sebastian Rosado Navarro, Alice Elisabeth Ohlson, Marcello Borri, Alexander Vodopyanov, Alexandr Tumkin, N. Ahmad, Rafay Anwar, Sushanta Tripathy, Fabian Ng, and Ali Zaman

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Hadron, 01 natural sciences, Nuclear physics, Third order, Viscosity, Flow (mathematics), Pseudorapidity, 0103 physical sciences, Rapidity, Boundary value problem, 010306 general physics, Anisotropy
Abstract

The second and the third order anisotropic flow, V2 and V3, are mostly determined by the corresponding initial spatial anisotropy coefficients, e2 and e3, in the initial density distribution. In addition to their dependence on the same order initial anisotropy coefficient, higher order anisotropic flow, Vn (n > 3), can also have a significant contribution from lower order initial anisotropy coefficients, which leads to mode-coupling effects. In this Letter we investigate the linear and non-linear modes in higher order anisotropic flow Vn for n = 4, 5, 6 with the ALICE detector at the Large Hadron Collider. The measurements are done for particles in the pseudorapidity range |η| < 0.8 and the transverse momentum range 0.2 < pT < 5.0 GeV/c as a function of collision centrality. The results are compared with theoretical calculations and provide important constraints on the initial conditions, including initial spatial geometry and its fluctuations, as well as the ratio of the shear viscosity to entropy density of the produced system.

Published
2017

44. Dietary Restraint and Consumer Consumption Intentions for Low-Calorie Snacks

Author

Collin R. Payne, Mihai Niculescu, Chet Barney, and James M. Leonhardt

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Consumption (economics), 030109 nutrition & dietetics, Sociology and Political Science, digestive, oral, and skin physiology, 05 social sciences, food and beverages, Low calorie, Preference, 03 medical and health sciences, 0502 economics and business, Value (economics), 050211 marketing, Psychology, General Economics, Econometrics and Finance, Social psychology
Abstract

Much is still unknown regarding the reasons that drive consumer consumption intentions for low‐calorie snacks. This research investigates the impact of individuals with low vs. high dietary restraint inferences of low‐calorie snacks on their subsequent consumption intentions. We conducted a between‐subjects experiment in which we asked participants to indicate their consumption intentions and their hedonic and utilitarian value perceptions for more (almonds) vs. less (goldfish crackers) healthy 99‐calorie snacks. In addition, we measured participants' level of dietary restraint. Results suggest that consumers with high vs. low dietary restraint levels do prefer low‐calorie snacks for different reasons. Hedonic value perceptions explain consumers with low dietary restraint preference for the less healthy snack, while utilitarian value perceptions explain consumers with high dietary restraint preference for the healthier snack. We conclude with a discussion on the managerial and policy implications of our findings.

Published
2017

45. Measurement of D-meson production at mid-rapidity in pp collisions at $${\sqrt{s}=7}$$ s = 7 TeV

Author

Anik Gupta, J. L. Charvet, D. Alexandre, Lucina Gabriela Espinoza Beltran, Florian Herrmann, Min Jung Kweon, J. W. Harris, A. Rachevski, Alexander Akindinov, Vicente González, Sanjib Muhuri, P. Roy, Chiara Zampolli, A. Nedosekin, Xinye Peng, Tomas Wilhelm Snellman, Zhuo Zhou, Rosario Turrisi, Silvia Masciocchi, Evgeny Kondratyuk, O. Villalobos Baillie, Christian Lippmann, Luis Gustavo Pereira, J. W. Van Hoorne, R. A. Ricci, V. P. Kondratiev, Jinjin Pan, Jacek Tomasz Otwinowski, Jørgen André Lien, William Edward Witt, Bruno Espagnon, Kenta Shigaki, A. K. Bhati, Andrey Vasiliev, Marko Jercic, A. Sharma, Rajendra Nath Patra, Serpil Yalcin, Enrico Scomparin, A. A. Vinogradov, Renaud Vernet, C. Klein-Bösing, Nima Zardoshti, Philippe Pillot, Baidyanath Sahoo, D. A. Moreira De Godoy, Stefan Thomas Heckel, Nikolai Smirnov, Susanna Costanza, Edmundo Javier Garcia-Solis, J. de Cuveland, Massimiliano Marchisone, Deepa Thomas, P. Rosnet, Raphael Noel Tieulent, Andrey Reshetin, Sukalyan Chattopadhyay, Marcello Lunardon, Markus Ball, Pooja Pareek, Ranjit Nayak, H.B. Kim, Rudiger Haake, Stefano Trogolo, Claudiu Cornel Schiaua, A. S. Nyanin, F. Bellini, Giulio Eulisse, Kishora Nayak, Kilian Eberhard Schwarz, Janet Elizabeth Seger, Bastian Bathen, Henrik Qvigstad, D. S. Hwang, A. Feliciello, Patrick Simon Reichelt, Sergey Nazarenko, Sandra Moretto, Andrea Danu, Guillaume Batigne, Sven Gotovac, Zabulon Vilakazi, Roman Lavicka, J. Saini, Biswarup Paul, Panagiotis Christakoglou, T. K. Nayak, Ajay Kumar Dash, Xuan Zhang, G. Koyithatta Meethaleveedu, Philipp Johannes Luettig, A. Maire, Anton Jusko, Ivan Kralik, Miroslav Pikna, P. Crochet, Andrea Francescon, Mario Sitta, Bernhard Hohlweger, Yuri Melikyan, Olja Dordic, A. Batista Camejo, Jeremi Niedziela, T. P. Sinha, S. Li, Hanna Paulina Zbroszczyk, Juan Carlos Cabanillas Noris, M. Weber, Toru Sugitate, Michele Floris, A. Szczepankiewicz, Luca Barioglio, Brigitte Cheynis, Carsten Klein, Jongsik Eum, Annalisa Mastroserio, Jan Fiete Grosse-Oetringhaus, M. Nicassio, Arturo Alejandro Menchaca-Rocha, M. Gallio, Igor Altsybeev, Davide Pagano, Paolo Pagano, Jacobus Onderwaater, Bedangadas Mohanty, B. Ketzer, Sibaji Raha, Filip Erhardt, Amalia Pop, Rachid Guernane, Chitrasen Jena, Imrich Szarka, Petr Zavada, Deepika Rathee, R. P. Scharenberg, Christina Markert, Paul Christoph Bätzing, Ramona Lea, L. Aphecetche, Ernst Hellbar, Sonia Rajput, Volodymyr Yurchenko, Antonija Utrobicic, A. Fernández Téllez, Horst Sebastian Scheid, V. Petráček, Ruben Shahoyan, Nicolo Jacazio, Janka Vrlakova, Paolo Giubellino, D. J. Kim, Jihyun Bhom, Hideki Hamagaki, Renu Bala, Ken Suzuki, Anselmo Margotti, Andreas Michael Mathis, Prabhat Ranjan Pujahari, Peter Strmen, Natalia Kondratyeva, Mateusz Andrzej Ploskon, Nilmoni Sarkar, Vladimir Vechernin, D. Peresunko, Kirill Voloshin, Przemyslaw Rokita, A. Rakotozafindrabe, Michelangelo Agnello, Sanjeev Kumar, C. de Conti, Filippo Costa, Silvia Arcelli, P. H. S. Y. Jayarathna, G. Hamar, J. H. Kim, Manuel Colocci, A. Villatoro Tello, E. López Torres, Satoshi Yano, Tomoya Tsuji, Arseniy Shabanov, N. Sharma, David Michael Rohr, Mauro Rogerio Cosentino, Peter Kalinak, Valery Punin, Kristjan Herlache Gulbrandsen, Charalampos Kouzinopoulos, Johannes Peter Wessels, Michael Linus Knichel, Suharyo Sumowidagdo, Monika Kofarago, Gualtiero Volpe, Salvatore Aiola, B. K. Srivastava, Paolo Camerini, Sergey Voloshin, D. Miśkowiec, Yasuo Miake, A. Kolojvari, D. M. Goméz Coral, Andrey Zarochentsev, Daniel Berenyi, Paolo Martinengo, O. Vazquez Doce, Myunggeun Song, W. J. Llope, Lucia Leardini, G. de Cataldo, Alessandra Fantoni, Fabio Filippo Colamaria, A. J. Rubio Montero, Haavard Helstrup, Rafael Peretti Pezzi, H. Borel, M. Martinez Pedreira, K. Schweda, Ali Zaman, M. H. P. Sas, Raymond James Ehlers, Vladimir Nikulin, Boris Hippolyte, Vojtech Pacik, Francesco Noferini, T. Kollegger, J. H. Kang, Alexander Borissov, Seyong Kim, Laszlo Olah, Haiyan Wang, Udo Wolfgang Kebschull, Pascal Dupieux, Andrea Dainese, Fatiha Lehas, H. Natal da Luz, Peter Zahariev Hristov, Ken Oyama, Palash Khan, C. Hadjidakis, Bogdan Theodor Rascanu, Anthony Robert Timmins, Adam Ryszard Kisiel, R. D. De Souza, Peter Chochula, A. S. Gonzalez, Christophe Pierre Suire, Mukesh Sharma, Nicole Bastid, Latchezar Betev, Eleazar Cuautle, Jurgen Schukraft, Satyabrata Kar, Victor Trubnikov, B. Di Ruzza, Julien Faivre, Cristina Bedda, Katie Leanne Graham, Johann Zmeskal, Lucile Ronflette, Hiroshi Murakami, Xiaowen Ren, Marianna Mazzilli, Adriana Telesca, Ivan Vorobyev, Caterina Deplano, Alessandro Grelli, N. Zaviyalov, A. Gomez Ramirez, Rosario Nania, Aleksey M. Tikhonov, Satyajit Jena, Kunal Garg, Marco Marquard, Davide Caffarri, A. Ortiz Velasquez, Stefano Bagnasco, Costin Grigoras, Leonardo Milano, Angela Badala, Hartmut Hillemanns, Anand Kumar Dubey, Hans Martin Ljunggren, Hans Peter Beck, Anders Garritt Knospe, L. V. Malinina, Iouri Belikov, Thomas Dietel, Roman Lietava, E. Fragiacomo, Ian Gardner Bearden, Christophe Furget, Jean Willy Andre Cleymans, Volker Lindenstruth, Barbara Antonina Trzeciak, Johannes Hendrik Stiller, G. S. Pappalardo, M. Masera, M. Ivanov, Sergey Fokin, Torsten Alt, E. G. Ferreiro, Vladimir Belyaev, J. T. Blair, M. E. Connors, Linda Vickovic, P. G. Kuijer, J. G. Contreras, J. J. Gaardhøje, Hongbo Zhu, Redmer Alexander Bertens, Luciano Musa, V. Lenti, Ulrich Fuchs, Corrado Gargiulo, Manoj Bhanudas Jadhav, Sebastian Klewin, Ajay Kumar, Siegfried Valentin Foertsch, S. K. Basu, Konstantin Munning, J. Mercado Pérez, P. La Rocca, J. Wiechula, Beomsu Chang, Corey James Myers, C. Oppedisano, M. Bombara, Tatiana Drozhzhova, Catalin-Lucian Ristea, Leo Clifford Greiner, Mohammad Ahmad Saleh, D. Vranic, Vitaly Loginov, A. Rossi, Ionut Cristian Arsene, M. C. S. Williams, You Zhou, G. E. Bruno, A. Roy, Sanchari Thakur, P. W. Stankus, Alberto Caliva, Sohail Musa Mahmood, Raimond Snellings, S. P. Sorensen, Dezso Varga, Andrew John Lowe, Arturo Tauro, V. Petrov, Wladyslaw Henryk Trzaska, Alex Henri Jean Chauvin, D. De Gruttola, Robert Helmut Munzer, Madalina-Gabriela Tarzila, Oleg Karavichev, Michal Broz, H. Bello Martinez, Alberto Rotondi, Nicole Alice Martin, Alexey Kuryakin, Filimon Roukoutakis, Hermann Franz Degenhardt, Ashpreet Kaur Duggal, Audrey Francisco, Daniel Michael Muhlheim, Adrian Sevcenco, Stefano Panebianco, David Dobrigkeit Chinellato, F. Ronchetti, Marian Krivda, Lidia Maria Gorlich, Kenneth Francis Read, Bharati Naik, Y. Pestov, C. Ceballos Sanchez, Jan Pospíšil, S. K. Ghosh, Tuva Ora Herenui Richert, Markus Bernhard Zimmermann, Mihai Petrovici, Ara Grigoryan, D. Elia, Bernd Stefan Windelband, S. De Pasquale, Felix Reidt, Erin Frances Gauger, Jai Samuel Nielsen Salzwedel, A. M. Gago, Varlen Grabski, Stefania Bufalino, Soyeon Cho, Julius Maximilian Gronefeld, Alla Maevskaya, Christoph Blume, Andrzej Rybicki, Vit Kucera, Ciprian Mihai Mitu, Esther Bartsch, Vladimir Izucheev, Premomoy Ghosh, Konstantin Mikhaylov, Saehanseul Oh, Alexander Szabo, Filip Krizek, Anisa Khatun, Iwona Anna Sputowska, Nur Hussain, Gennady Zinovjev, Sadhana Dash, Dieter Røhrich, Theo Alexander Broker, Y. J. Kwon, Dmitry Blau, C. Roy, M. Keil, Dennis Franz Weiser, R. D. Majka, Wanchaloem Poonsawat, Y. F. Ryabov, Slavka Jadlovska, Sabyasachi Siddhanta, Alberto Masoni, V. Chibante Barroso, Raghunath Sahoo, Valerie Ramillien Barret, L. O. D. L. Pimentel, Artur Furs, Vladislav Manko, Jesse Thomas Buxton, Jeremy John Wilkinson, Agneta Oskarsson, Alessandro Ferretti, Sergey Gorbunov, Vladimir Peskov, Grzegorz Andrzej Wilk, Matthias Richter, Podist Kurashvili, Branislav Sitar, L. Nellen, Austin Vincent Harton, C. J. Schmidt, Ritsuya Hosokawa, Tyler Harrison Lutz, Fedor Guber, Mikhail Malaev, Xiangrong Zhu, M. I. Martínez, A. B. Kurepin, Mirko Planinic, Paolo Bartalini, Ejiro Naomi Umaka, Debasish Das, Emilia Leogrande, Viktor Ratza, B. von Haller, A. Karasu Uysal, Johannes Lehrbach, R. T. Jimenez Bustamante, Sidharth Kumar Prasad, Arild Velure, Omar Vazquez Rueda, Tatsuya Chujo, Andrea Castro, Marcel Araujo Silva Figueredo, Dario Berzano, Anju Bhasin, David Olle Rickard Silvermyr, Martin Schmidt, Barbara Guerzoni, Peter Christiansen, G. Boca, G. A. Feofilov, Harry Arthur Andrews, Thomas Peitzmann, Y. Mao, J. S. Kim, Petra Loncar, Matteo Concas, Janusz Oleniacz, Y. Berdnikov, Ana Vargas, Danthasinghe Piyarathna, I. Maldonado Cervantes, Krzysztof Redlich, Sami Sakari Rasanen, Ashutosh Pandey, In-kwon Yoo, Serhiy Senyukov, J. A. L. Martinez, Jan Cabala, Elena Bruna, Alexander Kluge, Antonio Uras, S. Schuchmann, V. J. G. Feuillard, S. Vigolo, Kjetil Ullaland, N. De Marco, G. V. Margagliotti, Francesco Riggi, Panagiota Foka, Franco Meddi, D. L. D. Keijdener, Ranbir Singh, Simon Voigt Nesbø, Mandeep Kour, Linus Feldkamp, Andres Sandoval, M. Zhalov, Maciej Pawel Szymanski, Franck Manso, M. Cherney, Chinorat Kobdaj, Leonid Vinogradov, Gabor Kiss, K. Shtejer, Martin Vala, Sibaliso Mhlanga, Elisa Meninno, H. Pereira Da Costa, Ante Bilandzic, G. Herrera Corral, Johanna Stachel, Muhammad Umair Naru, Katarina Krizkova Gajdosova, Vladimir Ivanov, Zubayer Ahammed, Oliver Werner Arnold, M. A. Diaz Corchero, Mohammad Tariq, K. Barth, Oliver Busch, Øystein Djuvsland, D. Budnikov, Cvetan Valeriev Cheshkov, Mikhail Ippolitov, Alexandru Bercuci, Maximiliano Puccio, Adam Tomasz Matyja, Attiq Ur Rehman, Ki-Seok Choi, Mesut Arslandok, Sudipan De, Michal Sefcik, Martin Poghosyan, J. L. Klay, A. R. Reolon, A. Rustamov, Oleksandr Kovalenko, Fiorella Maria Celeste Fionda, Matti Mikael Mieskolainen, Thomas Michael Cormier, Lokesh Kumar, Mikolaj Krzewicki, Giuseppe Trombetta, Hua Pei, Jubin Mitra, Z. Conesa del Valle, Klaus Johannes Reygers, Astrid Morreale, Dominik Voscek, H. J. C. Zanoli, Evgeny Kryshen, Alexandre Shabetai, M. S. Islam, Radiy Ilkaev, C. Lara, Motoi Inaba, Jin Hee Yoon, Surya Prakash Pathak, Y. Sekiguchi, Dong Jo Kim, G. Conesa Balbastre, Peter Martin Jacobs, J. Bartke, Inayat Rasool Bhat, Fouad Rami, G. Tejeda Muñoz, Petra Riedler, Maciej Slupecki, Johan Alme, Lawrence Pinsky, Luciano Ramello, D. B. Rana, Sergey Kiselev, G. L. Usai, Sylvain Chapeland, Natalia Zhigareva, Barbara Jacak, Krzysztof Marek Sielewicz, Jung-Il Song, Alexander Philipp Kalweit, Malgorzata Anna Janik, Raffaele Grosso, Rune Langøy, Roberta Arnaldi, Alexandru Florin Dobrin, Dhananjaya Thakur, Werner Riegler, Kirill Lapidus, Miljenko Suljic, Antoine Xavier Lardeux, Boris Batyunya, Joel Anthony Mazer, James Declan Mulligan, T. J. Humanic, Jon Christopher Wikne, Matej Oravec, Xing Long Li, Jaime Norman, K. Šafařík, Preeti Dhankher, Ganesh Jagannath Tambave, Alexander Deisting, Charles E. Hughes, Rinaldo Rui, Qiye Shou, Michal Kopcik, A. A. Capon, D. Watanabe, Uzma Tabassam, Vladimir V. Isakov, S. Sadovsky, Shih-Chang Lee, Chengxin Zhao, Jitendra Kumar, Teodor Siemiarczuk, F. Carena, Taku Gunji, Davide Francesco Lodato, Shuaib Ahmad Khan, Domenico Colella, Christian Holm Christensen, F. Soramel, D. Domenicis Gimenez, J. Pluta, Sampo Saarinen, Barbara Ewa Erazmus, Evgeny Ryabinkin, Yongwook Baek, Zhiqing Zhang, A. C. Oliveira Da Silva, Nicola Bianchi, Andrea Dubla, Jin-Hong Park, Henner Buesching, Erik Brücken, Raphaelle Marie Bailhache, Andreas Morsch, M. Fusco Girard, Sergey Evdokimov, D. Hatzifotiadou, Sean Murray, Martin Andreas Volkl, Vladimir Samsonov, Boris Teyssier, Germano Bonomi, Christine Nattrass, Alexander Mamonov, Predrag Buncic, N. Grion, Laszlo Boldizsar, J. Takahashi, Evgeny Karpechev, Jan Wagner, Anton Alkin, Michal Meres, Tiziano Virgili, Markus Fasel, Roberto Preghenella, S. L. La Pointe, G. Aglieri Rinella, R. Varma, Jussi Samuli Viinikainen, Dmitry Finogeev, Marek Chojnacki, David H. Evans, Lee Stuart Barnby, Shingo Sakai, Giuseppe Simonetti, Ermanno Vercellin, Matthias Bonora, Uwe Westerhoff, Alberto Collu, Samrangy Sadhu, Paul Alois Buhler, Jan Jadlovsky, Eugen Mudnic, Jorn Henning Putschke, Gilda Scioli, E. Serradilla, Ivan Ravasenga, Federico Antinori, C. Loizides, Rene Bellwied, Annika Passfeld, J. Castillo Castellanos, M. A. Mazzoni, Artem Konevskikh, Tahir Hussain, Piero Giubilato, Debojit Sarkar, Annelies Marianne Veen, Vito Manzari, Ralf Peter Averbeck, S. Beole, C. Lagana Fernandes, Sergio Arturo Iga Buitron, Carlos Duarte Galvan, Naoto Tanaka, Buddhadeb Bhattacharjee, Boris Wagner, Stefano Piano, Chiara Bianchin, Tyler Allen Browning, Gerardus Nooren, Elisa Laudi, Andrei Ionut Herghelegiu, Heiko Engel, Jamila Bashir Butt, Y. Sibiriak, Kgotlaesele Senosi, Michal Sumbera, Mihai Niculescu, Michael Wang, Sang Un Ahn, Peter Glassel, Diego Stocco, Ilya Selyuzhenkov, Xavier Bernard Lopez, Jaroslav Bielcik, Monika Joanna Jakubowska, R. N. Singaraju, Elena Rogochaya, Christian Bourjau, C. Garabatos, Jan Musinsky, Ombretta Pinazza, Hiroki Yokoyama, Arvind Khuntia, Roy Crawford Lemmon, A. A. P. Suaide, Sourav Kundu, Francesco Barile, T. Antičić, Andrea Festanti, Valentina Zaccolo, M. Basile, Hans Rudolf Schmidt, Cristina Terrevoli, Viktor Riabov, Jana Crkovská, Jana Bielcikova, Igor Lakomov, J. Zhu, Dirk Hutter, M. Rodríguez Cahuantzi, E. Spiriti, Christian Claude Kuhn, Irais Bautista Guzman, Shreyasi Acharya, H. Appelshäuser, Mohamad Tarhini, Ketil Røed, Sebastian Lehner, P. Cerello, D. L. Mihaylov, Shinichi Hayashi, Pranjal Sarma, E. Nappi, Susan L. Swain, Robert Vertesi, A. Baldisseri, L. Lazaridis, Min Suk Kim, Benjamin Donigus, Bjarte Kileng, Mais Kazim Oglu Suleymanov, P. I. Loenne, Jacopo Margutti, S. Choudhury, Sergey Nikolaev, Laurent Ducroux, Prakhar Garg, Joakim Nystrand, Hendrik Poppenborg, Anastasia Maria Barbano, Pascal Dillenseger, F. Carnesecchi, Alexei Khanzadeev, Rama Chandra Baral, Helmut Oskar Oeschler, Pragati Sahoo, Eugenio Scapparone, M. An, Anton Andronic, Matteo Lupi, T. J. Kim, Julien Charles Hamon, Nikola Poljak, Torsten Dahms, Peter Graham Jones, E. Stenlund, I. Cortés Maldonado, Sk Noor Alam, Smbat Grigoryan, S. Das, S. Mahajan, Prabhakar Palni, Eric Endress, Rainer Martin Schicker, Andrzej Deloff, Jan Hladky, J. Book, Andre Augustinus, Lukasz Kamil Graczykowski, Ewa Gladysz-dziadus, Jan Rak, D. W. Kim, Rahul Ramachandran Nair, Baldo Sahlmuller, Vardanush Papikyan, R. Alfaro Molina, R. Scott, Marie Germain, Yu. V. Kharlov, A. De Caro, Catherine Micaela Silvestre, J. Van Der Maarel, P. Di Nezza, Marielle Chartier, H. Zhang, Sebastian Rosado Navarro, Basanta Kumar Nandi, Svein Lindal, Rishat Sultanov, Ping Yang, F. Scarlassara, E. M. Fiore, Steffen Georg Weber, C. Petta, Dagmar Adamová, Alice Elisabeth Ohlson, Marcello Borri, Alexander Vodopyanov, Adela Kravcakova, Christopher Daniel Anson, Kristin Fanebust Hetland, Svetlana Kushpil, Madan M. Aggarwal, Alexandr Tumkin, N. Ahmad, Guido Alexander Willems, Rathijit Biswas, P. L. M. Podesta-Lerma, Neelima Agrawal, Gabriele Gaetano Fronze, Rafay Anwar, Sushanta Tripathy, I. León Monzón, Jozef Ferencei, F. Bock, Alexis Jean-michel Mas, C. Cicalo, Tomas Vanat, Ionel Stan, Fabian Ng, Guy Paic, R. C. Gupta, Meike Charlotte Danisch, Aditya Nath Mishra, Roberto Divia, Dimitry Aleksandrov, S. Porteboeuf-Houssais, Sarita Sahoo, Yvonne Chiara Pachmayer, Mohd Danish Azmi, Peter Malzacher, Alberica Toia, Magnus Mager, R. Orava, Marton Vargyas, W. J. Park, Pietro Antonioli, Andre Mischke, Luisa Cifarelli, Pradip Kumar Sahu, Fabrizio Grosa, Rainer Arno Ernst Renfordt, Andrew Michael Kubera, Petr Nomokonov, David Horak, Rashmi Raniwala, Claude Andre Pruneau, Roberto Barbera, Elena Botta, R. A. Negrao De Oliveira, Ana Maria Marin, C. Zhang, V. Grigoriev, Y. Corrales Morales, Lukas Gruber, Kohei Terasaki, Toralf Bernhard Skaali, Miroslaw Marek Kielbowicz, Michael Henry Oliver, G. Martínez García, P. González-Zamora, Bruno Alessandro, Priyanka Sett, H. Caines, Sudhir Raniwala, Tatiana Karavicheva, Z. Yin, Syaefudin Jaelani, M. O. Schmidt, Laura Fabbietti, G. Puddu, Daiki Sekihata, E. Perez Lezama, J.A. Mares, Grazia Luparello, Paraskevi Ganoti, M. van Leeuwen, Goran Simatovic, A. Di Mauro, Peter Braun-Munzinger, Sanjeev Singh Sambyal, Valeriy Pozdniakov, Dmitry Mal'kevich, Ashik Ikbal Sheikh, Y. Zhang, E. A. R. Casula, Ralf Keidel, Alice Zimmermann, Lilit Karayan, S. Vergara Limón, Peter Levai, Gergely Gabor Barnafoldi, F. R. Grull, L. A. P. Moreno, Christoph Mayer, U. Frankenfeld, Benjamin Andreas Hess, Sergey Filchagin, Marco Bregant, E. Montes, F. Prino, B. Polichtchouk, Astrid Vauthier, A. De Falco, Andile Mothegi Whitehead, P. Gianotti, Danilo Silva De Albuquerque, P. Vande Vyvre, Tsubasa Okubo, Sonia Parmar, Maria Vasileiou, V. Paticchio, Vladimir Kovalenko, Stephanie Zimmermann, Wisla Carena, Martino Gagliardi, Nirbhay Kumar Behera, D. Di Bari, S. Esumi, M. Irfan, S. U. Chung, Chaosong Gao, Saikat Biswas, Andrea Alici, Dai-Mei Zhou, Yves Roland Schutz, Federica Sozzi, Cristian Andrei, Venelin Anguelov, Eliane Epple, J. Porter, Alessandra Lattuca, Jochen Klein, Vladyslav Litichevskyi, Trine Spedstad Tveter, Ivan Kisel, Igor Pshenichnov, I. Das, Jan Figiel, Z. Buthelezi, Livio Bianchi, L. Cunqueiro, Sumit Kumar Saha, Jovan Milosevic, Benjamin Audurier, Federico Cindolo, M. Mohisin Khan, Borge Svane Nielsen, Artem Shangaraev, Pietro Cortese, Cristiane Jahnke, Gabor Biro, Naghmeh Mohammadi, E. Calvo Villar, Stefan Kirsch, Sergey Nikulin, Piotr Jan Gasik, Vikas Singhal, Antonino Zichichi, Marcelo Gameiro Munhoz, Valeria Muccifora, A. G. Bogdanov, Vladimir Kaplin, Vytautas Vislavicius, Oksana Shadura, Marek Kowalski, Y. Watanabe, M. A. Lisa, Gyula Bencedi, Maitreyee Mukherjee, R. Russo, C. Alves Garcia Prado, and Sona Pochybova

Subjects
Physics, Particle physics, Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous), Meson, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Hadron, High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, Perturbative QCD, Charge (physics), lcsh:Astrophysics, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, Nuclear physics, 0103 physical sciences, D meson, lcsh:QB460-466, lcsh:QC770-798, Rapidity, Production (computer science), High Energy Physics::Experiment, lcsh:Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, 010306 general physics, Nuclear Experiment, Engineering (miscellaneous), Energy (signal processing)
Abstract

The production cross sections for prompt charmed mesons $$\mathrm{D^0}$$ , $$\mathrm{D^+}$$ , $$\mathrm{D^{*+}}$$ and $$\mathrm{D_s^+}$$ were measured at mid-rapidity in proton–proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy $$\sqrt{s}=7~{\mathrm {TeV}}$$ with the ALICE detector at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). D mesons were reconstructed from their decays $$\mathrm{D}^0 \rightarrow \mathrm{K}^-\pi ^+$$ , $$\mathrm{D}^+\rightarrow \mathrm{K}^-\pi ^+\pi ^+$$ , $$\mathrm{D}^{*+} \rightarrow \mathrm{D}^0 \pi ^+$$ , $$\mathrm{D_s^{+}\rightarrow \phi \pi ^+\rightarrow K^-K^+\pi ^+}$$ , and their charge conjugates.With respect to previous measurements in the same rapidity region, the coverage in transverse momentum ( $$p_\mathrm{T}$$ ) is extended and the uncertainties are reduced by a factor of about two. The accuracy on the estimated total $$\mathrm{c}{\overline{\mathrm{c}}}$$ production cross section is likewise improved. The measured $$p_\mathrm{T}$$ -differential cross sections are compared with the results of three perturbative QCD calculations.

Published
2017

46. Production of muons from heavy-flavour hadron decays in p–Pb collisions at sNN=5.02 TeV

Author

Aditya Nath Mishra, Roberto Divia, Dimitry Aleksandrov, S. Porteboeuf-Houssais, Sarita Sahoo, Yvonne Chiara Pachmayer, Mohd Danish Azmi, Peter Malzacher, R. Orava, A. Di Mauro, Hermann Franz Degenhardt, Peter Braun-Munzinger, Sanjeev Singh Sambyal, Valeriy Pozdniakov, Ashik Ikbal Sheikh, Dennis Franz Weiser, E. A. R. Casula, Ralf Keidel, Alice Zimmermann, Lilit Karayan, S. Vergara Limón, H. J. C. Zanoli, Peter Chochula, A. S. Gonzalez, Christophe Pierre Suire, Mukesh Sharma, Peter Levai, Gergely Gabor Barnafoldi, Evgeny Kryshen, V. Lenti, Ulrich Fuchs, Corrado Gargiulo, Dmitry Blau, C. Roy, Manoj Bhanudas Jadhav, M. Keil, Sergey Gorbunov, R. T. Jimenez Bustamante, Pietro Cortese, S. Vigolo, Linus Feldkamp, Andres Sandoval, Rune Langøy, Roberta Arnaldi, Alexandru Florin Dobrin, Dhananjaya Thakur, Alexander Deisting, Alexei Khanzadeev, Sean Murray, Jan Wagner, Matthias Bonora, Gilda Scioli, T. Antičić, Richa Gupta, Alla Maevskaya, E. Stenlund, Kgotlaesele Senosi, Michal Sumbera, A. A. P. Suaide, M. Basile, Erin Frances Gauger, Vladimir Belyaev, J. T. Blair, Silvia Arcelli, P. H. S. Y. Jayarathna, L. Lazaridis, F. Carnesecchi, F. R. Grull, L. A. P. Moreno, Christoph Mayer, Premomoy Ghosh, U. Frankenfeld, Konstantin Mikhaylov, Vladimir V. Isakov, Roberto Preghenella, Marek Chojnacki, Theo Alexander Broker, Lukasz Kamil Graczykowski, D. W. Kim, Anisa Khatun, Iwona Anna Sputowska, Nur Hussain, Jesse Thomas Buxton, Basanta Kumar Nandi, Svein Lindal, Rishat Sultanov, Ping Yang, M. An, Alessandro Ferretti, Christopher Daniel Anson, Kristin Fanebust Hetland, Svetlana Kushpil, Nikola Poljak, Torsten Dahms, I. Cortés Maldonado, J. Porter, Hao Wang, Alessandra Lattuca, Jochen Klein, Vladyslav Litichevskyi, Trine Spedstad Tveter, Ivan Kisel, Johannes Lehrbach, Matteo Concas, Paolo Camerini, Sergey Voloshin, Eric Endress, Stefan Thomas Heckel, Kunal Garg, Rathijit Biswas, I. León Monzón, Maciej Slupecki, Jozef Ferencei, C. Cicalo, Attiq Ur Rehman, Ki-Seok Choi, Motoi Inaba, D. Miśkowiec, Bedangadas Mohanty, Robert Helmut Munzer, M. I. Martínez, Peter Zahariev Hristov, Jin Hee Yoon, Ken Oyama, Fatiha Lehas, H. Natal da Luz, A. B. Kurepin, Mirko Planinic, Raimond Snellings, Joel Anthony Mazer, E. G. Ferreiro, Ashpreet Kaur Duggal, Adrian Sevcenco, Stefano Panebianco, Christian Holm Christensen, G. S. Pappalardo, V. Grigoriev, Y. Corrales Morales, Lukas Gruber, Kohei Terasaki, P. G. Kuijer, Jai Samuel Nielsen Salzwedel, Supriya Das, Wladyslaw Henryk Trzaska, Artur Furs, Stefano Piano, Sourav Kundu, Madalina-Gabriela Tarzila, Oleg Karavichev, S. De Pasquale, Vladislav Manko, Germano Bonomi, Alexander Mamonov, Benjamin Andreas Hess, Sergey Filchagin, Marco Bregant, Jan Jadlovsky, S. K. Ghosh, E. Serradilla, A. M. Gago, Vladimir Peskov, Petra Loncar, Saehanseul Oh, Alexander Szabo, Filip Krizek, Cristiane Jahnke, S. Sadovsky, Domenico Colella, Martin Andreas Volkl, Vladimir Samsonov, Christine Nattrass, Vojtech Pacik, Francesco Noferini, T. Kollegger, Satyajit Jena, Andrei Ionut Herghelegiu, Heiko Engel, Alexandre Shabetai, James Declan Mulligan, T. J. Humanic, C. Alves Garcia Prado, Sona Pochybova, C. Lara, J. Bartke, Petra Riedler, Tatsuya Chujo, Federico Antinori, E. Montes, F. Prino, B. Polichtchouk, Astrid Vauthier, Gabor Biro, Naghmeh Mohammadi, Y. J. Kwon, Toralf Bernhard Skaali, Miroslaw Marek Kielbowicz, Michael Henry Oliver, G. Martínez García, Pascal Dillenseger, A. Maire, Cristina Terrevoli, Rosario Turrisi, J. H. Kang, Alexander Borissov, K. Šafařík, Preeti Dhankher, Anton Jusko, Ivan Kralik, Debasish Das, D. L. D. Keijdener, Anik Gupta, Bharati Naik, Marie Germain, Branislav Sitar, Oleksandr Kovalenko, Gerardus Nooren, Jan Musinsky, Ombretta Pinazza, Sang Un Ahn, Sebastian Rosado Navarro, Valentina Zaccolo, Hiroki Yokoyama, Hans Rudolf Schmidt, P. González-Zamora, Leonid Vinogradov, Gabor Kiss, S. Mahajan, Bruno Alessandro, Ranbir Singh, Prabhakar Palni, Lee Stuart Barnby, Johanna Stachel, Katarina Krizkova Gajdosova, Miroslav Pikna, E. Nappi, Susan L. Swain, Mario Sitta, Evgeny Kondratyuk, Y. Pestov, Sidharth Kumar Prasad, Arild Velure, Omar Vazquez Rueda, Kjetil Ullaland, N. De Marco, Jørgen André Lien, Piero Giubilato, M. Ivanov, Simon Voigt Nesbø, Giuseppe Trombetta, Mandeep Kour, Jana Crkovská, Nicolo Jacazio, Alice Elisabeth Ohlson, J. Zhu, Pranjal Sarma, Priyanka Sett, E. Calvo Villar, Stefan Kirsch, H. Caines, Sudhir Raniwala, Tatiana Karavicheva, Sampo Saarinen, Vardanush Papikyan, R. Alfaro Molina, Krzysztof Marek Sielewicz, G. Conesa Balbastre, Peter Martin Jacobs, Jon Christopher Wikne, William Edward Witt, Felix Reidt, V. Chibante Barroso, Marcello Borri, Alexander Vodopyanov, Barbara Ewa Erazmus, Lucina Gabriela Espinoza Beltran, Paolo Giubellino, Florian Herrmann, S. Schuchmann, Bruno Espagnon, Malgorzata Anna Janik, Michal Broz, Michelangelo Agnello, Francesco Riggi, A. De Falco, Andile Mothegi Whitehead, Z. Buthelezi, Giacomo Bruno, Charles E. Hughes, D. Hatzifotiadou, Predrag Buncic, Raghunath Sahoo, Alexandr Tumkin, N. Ahmad, Sergey Nikulin, Cvetan Valeriev Cheshkov, Radiy Ilkaev, Surya Prakash Pathak, Piotr Jan Gasik, Vikas Singhal, Antonino Zichichi, Subikash Choudhury, R. Scott, Marielle Chartier, Boris Teyssier, C. Petta, Fouad Rami, Livio Bianchi, L. Cunqueiro, Laszlo Boldizsar, J. Takahashi, A. A. Vinogradov, Valerie Ramillien Barret, H. Bello Martinez, Panagiota Foka, Alberto Rotondi, Manuel Colocci, A. Villatoro Tello, Nicole Alice Martin, Sumit Kumar Saha, P. Gianotti, Danilo Silva De Albuquerque, Andrea Dubla, Elisa Laudi, P. Vande Vyvre, Xavier Bernard Lopez, Satoshi Yano, Benjamin Audurier, Serhiy Senyukov, Daniel Berenyi, Rafay Anwar, Tsubasa Okubo, Sonia Parmar, Annelies Marianne Veen, Vito Manzari, Boris Batyunya, R. Varma, J. de Cuveland, Massimiliano Marchisone, Deepa Thomas, Federico Cindolo, Mesut Arslandok, Michal Sefcik, E. Fragiacomo, Marcelo Gameiro Munhoz, Valeria Muccifora, A. G. Bogdanov, Dagmar Adamová, Paolo Martinengo, Jaroslav Bielcik, Arvind Khuntia, Viktor Riabov, O. Vazquez Doce, Anthony Robert Timmins, Adam Ryszard Kisiel, Elena Rogochaya, Werner Riegler, Vladimir Ivanov, Didier Alexandre, D. Domenicis Gimenez, J. Pluta, Evgeny Ryabinkin, Yongwook Baek, P. Rosnet, Andrey Reshetin, Giuseppe Simonetti, Ian Gardner Bearden, Alexey Kuryakin, Filimon Roukoutakis, T.H. Kim, Sushanta Tripathy, Vladimir Kaplin, Vytautas Vislavicius, Nima Zardoshti, Philippe Pillot, Baidyanath Sahoo, H.B. Kim, Rudiger Haake, Stefano Trogolo, R. D. De Souza, M. A. Diaz Corchero, Mohammad Tariq, Oliver Busch, V. Petrov, Øystein Djuvsland, E. López Torres, A. Kolojvari, Sanjib Muhuri, P. Roy, Costin Grigoras, Leonardo Milano, R. D. Majka, Slavka Jadlovska, Ivan Ravasenga, Maria Vasileiou, A. M. Rossi, V. Paticchio, Vladimir Kovalenko, Z. Yin, Syaefudin Jaelani, M. O. Schmidt, Laura Fabbietti, Sukalyan Chattopadhyay, Marcello Lunardon, M. Mohisin Khan, Audrey Francisco, G. Puddu, Daiki Sekihata, F. Carena, Ralf Peter Averbeck, S. Beole, Rajendra Nath Patra, Serpil Yalcin, Taku Gunji, Jussi Samuli Viinikainen, Dmitry Finogeev, Tuva Ora Herenui Richert, Markus Bernhard Zimmermann, Borge Svane Nielsen, Marian Krivda, Anton Alkin, Oksana Shadura, Marek Kowalski, Susanna Costanza, Y. Watanabe, Friederike Bock, Fabian Ng, D. S. Hwang, M. A. Lisa, Gyula Bencedi, A. Feliciello, Patrick Simon Reichelt, S. Li, Sergey Nazarenko, Daniel Michael Muhlheim, Zhuo Zhou, D. M. Goméz Coral, Andrey Zarochentsev, Sabyasachi Siddhanta, M. Kim, E. Perez Lezama, Stephanie Zimmermann, Edmundo Javier Garcia-Solis, Ranjit Nayak, Grzegorz Andrzej Wilk, Matthias Richter, Rene Bellwied, Annika Passfeld, J.A. Mares, Paul Alois Buhler, Mikhail Malaev, C. Lagana Fernandes, Artem Shangaraev, Bastian Bathen, Mihai Niculescu, Henrik Qvigstad, Michael Wang, N. Zaviyalov, Monika Joanna Jakubowska, Ante Bilandzic, A. Szczepankiewicz, Luca Barioglio, Brigitte Cheynis, Maitreyee Mukherjee, Roy Crawford Lemmon, Andrea Festanti, Carsten Klein, Shaji Kumar, A. Gomez Ramirez, R. Russo, Jana Bielcikova, Eleazar Cuautle, Alberto Masoni, A. Nedosekin, Xinye Peng, Franco Meddi, Franck Manso, O. Villalobos Baillie, Christian Lippmann, Luis Gustavo Pereira, J. W. Van Hoorne, Grazia Luparello, R. A. Ricci, G. L. Usai, Paraskevi Ganoti, P. I. Loenne, Sylvain Chapeland, Xiangrong Zhu, A. Karasu Uysal, Annalisa Mastroserio, Jan Fiete Grosse-Oetringhaus, M. Nicassio, G. Herrera Corral, Chinorat Kobdaj, Dirk Hutter, Sudipan De, Lawrence Pinsky, M. Rodríguez Cahuantzi, Ramona Lea, M. van Leeuwen, Igor Altsybeev, D. J. Kim, Jihyun Bhom, Hideki Hamagaki, Robert Vertesi, Bjarte Kileng, Ken Suzuki, Anselmo Margotti, Zhiqing Zhang, C. Hadjidakis, Rama Chandra Baral, Raphaelle Marie Bailhache, V. P. Kondratiev, Bogdan Theodor Rascanu, Harry Arthur Andrews, Y. Mao, Konstantin Munning, Rafael Peretti Pezzi, H. Borel, Andrey Vasiliev, M. Martinez Pedreira, K. Schweda, Z. Conesa del Valle, J. Wiechula, Beomsu Chang, B. Di Ruzza, A. Baldisseri, D. B. Rana, Davide Pagano, Sergey Kiselev, D. L. Mihaylov, Corey James Myers, C. Oppedisano, Goran Simatovic, Tatiana Drozhzhova, Catalin-Lucian Ristea, D. Budnikov, Dong Jo Kim, Anton Andronic, Seyong Kim, Laszlo Olah, Chaosong Gao, Saikat Biswas, Ermanno Vercellin, Peter Graham Jones, G. de Cataldo, Smbat Grigoryan, J. S. Kim, Rainer Martin Schicker, M. Masera, M. A. Mazzoni, Artem Konevskikh, Tahir Hussain, Enrico Scomparin, Matej Oravec, M. E. Connors, Martin Poghosyan, J. L. Klay, A. R. Reolon, D. Vranic, Vitaly Loginov, A. Rustamov, Barbara Jacak, J. L. Charvet, Min Jung Kweon, Dmitry Mal'kevich, Lidia Maria Gorlich, Rinaldo Rui, Qiye Shou, Cristina Bedda, Archana Sharma, Katie Leanne Graham, Johann Zmeskal, Kenneth Francis Read, Jung-Il Song, Alexander Philipp Kalweit, Michal Kopcik, Andreas Morsch, Shingo Sakai, Alessandra Fantoni, Udo Wolfgang Kebschull, Stefania Bufalino, Pascal Dupieux, Andrea Dainese, Sergey Fokin, Hui Zhang, Igor Pshenichnov, I. Das, Angela Badala, Debojit Sarkar, Andrzej Deloff, Lucile Ronflette, J. Book, Hartmut Hillemanns, M. Fusco Girard, Jan Figiel, Peter Glassel, R. N. Singaraju, Andre Augustinus, M. Cherney, Matti Mikael Mieskolainen, Thomas Michael Cormier, Lokesh Kumar, Linda Vickovic, Pooja Pareek, Janet Elizabeth Seger, Rainer Arno Ernst Renfordt, Andrew Michael Kubera, Yonghong Zhang, Michal Meres, Tiziano Virgili, Markus Fasel, Petr Nomokonov, J. Saini, Alexander Akindinov, Uwe Westerhoff, Vicente González, Podist Kurashvili, David Horak, Andrea Alici, Rashmi Raniwala, J. W. Harris, L. Nellen, Torsten Alt, Dai-Mei Zhou, Jovan Milosevic, Christian Bourjau, Francesco Barile, Anand Kumar Dubey, Hans Martin Ljunggren, Hua Pei, Sanchari Thakur, Irais Bautista Guzman, Andrea Francescon, Leo Clifford Greiner, Mohammad Ahmad Saleh, Bernhard Hohlweger, Sebastian Hornung, Claude Andre Pruneau, Marcel Araujo Silva Figueredo, Roberto Barbera, Elena Botta, David Dobrigkeit Chinellato, F. Ronchetti, Christian Schmidt, Jan Hladky, Tomas Wilhelm Snellman, A. Rachevski, Ritsuya Hosokawa, Tyler Harrison Lutz, Jinjin Pan, A. K. Bhati, Yves Roland Schutz, Silvia Masciocchi, Fedor Guber, Constantinos Loizides, Sergey Evdokimov, P. W. Stankus, Federica Sozzi, Kirill Lapidus, Luciano Musa, Dario Berzano, C. Ceballos Sanchez, Jan Pospíšil, Anju Bhasin, Joakim Nystrand, Hendrik Poppenborg, David Olle Rickard Silvermyr, G. A. Feofilov, Martin Schmidt, Barbara Guerzoni, Baldo Sahlmuller, Peter Christiansen, Nikolai Smirnov, Kenta Shigaki, A. J. Castro, Raphael Noel Tieulent, Markus Ball, Jan Cabala, R. A. Negrao De Oliveira, Antonio Uras, Elisa Meninno, Cristian Andrei, Venelin Anguelov, Eliane Epple, Wanchaloem Poonsawat, Y. F. Ryabov, Amalia Pop, A. De Caro, M. Zhalov, Rachid Guernane, T. Peitzmann, G. Boca, Maciej Pawel Szymanski, H. Pereira Da Costa, In-kwon Yoo, Sebastian Klewin, Renaud Vernet, C. Klein-Bösing, T. K. Nayak, Ana Maria Marin, A. S. Nyanin, F. Bellini, C. Zhang, Oliver Werner Arnold, Y. Sekiguchi, Inayat Rasool Bhat, Giulio Eulisse, Kishora Nayak, J. Van Der Maarel, Alberto Collu, P. Di Nezza, Julien Charles Hamon, Samrangy Sadhu, G. Tejeda Muñoz, Mikolaj Krzewicki, Kilian Eberhard Schwarz, Sergio Arturo Iga Buitron, Carlos Duarte Galvan, Naoto Tanaka, Raffaele Grosso, Alberica Toia, Magnus Mager, W. J. Park, Pietro Antonioli, Chitrasen Jena, Imrich Szarka, Miljenko Suljic, Shuaib Ahmad Khan, Nicole Bastid, Luisa Cifarelli, Buddhadeb Bhattacharjee, Boris Wagner, Chiara Bianchin, Tyler Allen Browning, Madan M. Aggarwal, Vladimir Izucheev, Neelima Agrawal, Shinichi Hayashi, Krzysztof Redlich, Petr Zavada, Deepika Rathee, R. P. Scharenberg, Christina Markert, Przemyslaw Stefan Rokita, Paul Christoph Bätzing, Sami Sakari Rasanen, Ashutosh Pandey, Jubin Mitra, A. Rakotozafindrabe, Alexis Jean-michel Mas, Wisla Carena, Martino Gagliardi, G. Hamar, J. H. Kim, Chengxin Zhao, Teodor Siemiarczuk, Ankhi Roy, Nirbhay Kumar Behera, Yasuo Miake, D. Di Bari, Palash Khan, S. Esumi, Davide Caffarri, A. Ortiz Velasquez, Stefano Bagnasco, M. Irfan, S. U. Chung, Latchezar Betev, Johannes Hendrik Stiller, J. G. Contreras, Ivan Vorobyev, Alessandro Grelli, Ajay Kumar, Siegfried Valentin Foertsch, S. K. Basu, J. A. L. Martinez, J. J. Gaardhøje, Muhammad Umair Naru, Igor Lakomov, Xing Long Li, Jaime Norman, A. C. Oliveira Da Silva, Nicola Bianchi, Benjamin Donigus, Hongbo Zhu, Redmer Alexander Bertens, Helmut Oskar Oeschler, Eugen Mudnic, Antoine Xavier Lardeux, Jorn Henning Putschke, Ganesh Jagannath Tambave, Ewa Gladysz-dziadus, Jan Rak, Rahul Ramachandran Nair, J. Castillo Castellanos, Jamila Bashir Butt, Y. Sibiriak, Yu. V. Kharlov, Jin-Hong Park, Henner Buesching, Erik Brücken, F. Scarlassara, Adela Kravcakova, S. L. La Pointe, Ilya Selyuzhenkov, David H. Evans, Guido Alexander Willems, C. Garabatos, E. Spiriti, Diego Stocco, Christian Claude Kuhn, Shreyasi Acharya, L. O. D. L. Pimentel, H. Appelshäuser, Mohamad Tarhini, Ketil Røed, Sebastian Lehner, P. Cerello, Jeremy John Wilkinson, Tomoya Tsuji, Agneta Oskarsson, Jacopo Margutti, Sergey Nikolaev, Arseniy Shabanov, Prakhar Garg, Myunggeun Song, W. J. Llope, Janusz Oleniacz, Lucia Leardini, Y. Berdnikov, Ana Vargas, Danthasinghe Piyarathna, Anastasia Maria Barbano, I. Maldonado Cervantes, Elena Bruna, Jurgen Schukraft, Eugenio Scapparone, Satyabrata Kar, Victor Trubnikov, Matteo Lupi, Amrendra Narayan, Klaus Johannes Reygers, Astrid Morreale, Dominik Voscek, Julien Faivre, Hiroshi Murakami, Xiaowen Ren, Peter Kalinak, Valery Punin, Marianna Mazzilli, Adriana Telesca, Panagiotis Christakoglou, Xuan Zhang, Caterina Deplano, G. Koyithatta Meethaleveedu, Philipp Johannes Luettig, Yuri Melikyan, Olja Dordic, T. P. Sinha, Hanna Paulina Zbroszczyk, Toru Sugitate, Ionut Cristian Arsene, Michele Floris, M. C. S. Williams, Jongsik Eum, Arturo Tauro, Soyeon Cho, Julius Maximilian Gronefeld, M. Gallio, Jacobus Onderwaater, Ejiro Naomi Umaka, V. J. G. Feuillard, Maximiliano Puccio, B. Ketzer, Fiorella Maria Celeste Fionda, Sibaji Raha, Filip Erhardt, Chiara Zampolli, F. Soramel, Evgeny Karpechev, G. Aglieri Rinella, Marko Jercic, Biswarup Paul, A. Batista Camejo, Jeremi Niedziela, M. Weber, Paolo Pagano, Sonia Rajput, V. Petráček, Ruben Shahoyan, Janka Vrlakova, Alexander Kluge, G. V. Margagliotti, Zubayer Ahammed, Adam Tomasz Matyja, Sven Gotovac, Zabulon Vilakazi, Roman Lavicka, Arturo Alejandro Menchaca-Rocha, L. Aphecetche, Ernst Hellbar, Andreas Michael Mathis, Johan Alme, Luciano Ramello, Prabhat Ranjan Pujahari, Peter Strmen, Nilmoni Sarkar, Vladimir Vechernin, Kristjan Herlache Gulbrandsen, Charalampos Kouzinopoulos, Johannes Peter Wessels, Ali Zaman, Marco Marquard, P. L. M. Podesta-Lerma, Gabriele Gaetano Fronze, Jitendra Kumar, Davide Francesco Lodato, Ionel Stan, Gennady Zinovjev, Sadhana Dash, Meike Charlotte Danisch, Dieter Røhrich, N. Grion, K. Shtejer, Martin Vala, Jacek Tomasz Otwinowski, Sibaliso Mhlanga, Alexandru Bercuci, Juan Carlos Cabanillas Noris, Marton Vargyas, Andre Mischke, A. A. Capon, D. Watanabe, Uzma Tabassam, A. Fernández Téllez, Horst Sebastian Scheid, Natalia Kondratyeva, Mateusz Andrzej Ploskon, D. A. Moreira De Godoy, Pradip Kumar Sahu, Fabrizio Grosa, Rosario Nania, Claudiu Cornel Schiaua, D. Peresunko, Kirill Voloshin, Aleksey M. Tikhonov, C. de Conti, Sandra Moretto, Andrea Danu, M. Bombara, Guillaume Batigne, Filippo Costa, Austin Vincent Harton, Ajay Kumar Dash, Michael Linus Knichel, Suharyo Sumowidagdo, Monika Kofarago, Volodymyr Yurchenko, Antonija Utrobicic, Gualtiero Volpe, Salvatore Aiola, B. K. Srivastava, Renu Bala, Mais Kazim Oglu Suleymanov, Laurent Ducroux, Pragati Sahoo, David Michael Rohr, Sk Noor Alam, Mauro Rogerio Cosentino, M. H. P. Sas, Catherine Micaela Silvestre, E. M. Fiore, Steffen Georg Weber, Raymond James Ehlers, Fabio Filippo Colamaria, A. J. Rubio Montero, Haavard Helstrup, Hans Peter Beck, Anders Garritt Knospe, L. V. Malinina, Iouri Belikov, Thomas Dietel, Roman Lietava, P. Crochet, You Zhou, Vladimir Nikulin, Sohail Musa Mahmood, Christoph Blume, Andrzej Rybicki, Boris Hippolyte, Vit Kucera, Ciprian Mihai Mitu, Esther Bartsch, Paolo Bartalini, Christophe Furget, Jean Willy Andre Cleymans, Volker Lindenstruth, Barbara Antonina Trzeciak, K. Barth, Natasha Sharma, Mikhail Ippolitov, Natalia Zhigareva, J. Mercado Pérez, P. La Rocca, Alberto Caliva, S. P. Sorensen, Dezso Varga, Andrew John Lowe, Alex Henri Jean Chauvin, D. De Gruttola, Mihai Petrovici, Ara Grigoryan, D. Elia, Bernd Stefan Windelband, Varlen Grabski, Emilia Leogrande, Viktor Ratza, S. Lee, B. von Haller, Tomas Vanat, and Guy Paic

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, Muon, Large Hadron Collider, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Hadron, Flavour, Nuclear matter, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, Nuclear physics, 0103 physical sciences, Quark–gluon plasma, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Production (computer science), Rapidity, Nuclear Experiment, 010306 general physics
Abstract

The production of muons from heavy-flavour hadron decays in p–Pb collisions at s NN = 5.02 TeV was studied for 2 p T 16 GeV/c with the ALICE detector at the CERN LHC. The measurement was performed at forward (p-going direction) and backward (Pb-going direction) rapidity, in the ranges of rapidity in the centre-of-mass system (cms) 2.03 y cms 3.53 and − 4.46 y cms − 2.96 , respectively. The production cross sections and nuclear modification factors are presented as a function of transverse momentum ( p T ). At forward rapidity, the nuclear modification factor is compatible with unity while at backward rapidity, in the interval 2.5 p T 3.5 GeV/c, it is above unity by more than 2σ. The ratio of the forward-to-backward production cross sections is also measured in the overlapping interval 2.96 | y cms | 3.53 and is smaller than unity by 3.7σ in 2.5 p T 3.5 GeV/c. The data are described by model calculations including cold nuclear matter effects.

Published
2017

47. Simpler online ratings formats increase consumer trust

Author

Alena Kostyk, Mihai Niculescu, and James M. Leonhardt

Subjects
Marketing, Need for cognition, business.industry, media_common.quotation_subject, 05 social sciences, Context (language use), Advertising, E-commerce, 050105 experimental psychology, Test (assessment), Presentation, Numeracy, Originality, 0502 economics and business, 050211 marketing, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, Business, Processing fluency, media_common
Abstract

Purpose Online customer ratings are ubiquitous in e-commerce. However, in presenting these ratings to consumers, e-commerce websites utilize different formats. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the effects of customer ratings formats on consumer trust and processing fluency. Design/methodology/approach Drawing on the latest behavioral research, two empirical experimental studies test whether the format of online customer ratings affects consumer trust and processing fluency. Findings The studies offer converging evidence that a simpler ratings format (i.e. mean format) elicits higher processing fluency and, in turn, higher consumer trust than does a more complex ratings format (i.e. distribution format). Research limitations/implications Future research could include additional factors that might influence the ease of online ratings processing for consumers. Investigation of possible moderators, such as need for cognition, numeracy and consumer involvement, may also be of value. Practical implications These findings have timely practical implications for the design and presentation of customer ratings to enhance e-commerce outcomes. Originality/value This paper extends the effects of processing fluency on consumer trust to the increasingly important context of e-commerce. In doing so, it highlights important interactions between the evolving information environment and consumer judgment. The key takeaway for managers is that simpler online customer ratings formats help to enhance consumer trust.

Published
2017

48. ϕ-Meson production at forward rapidity in p–Pb collisions at sNN=5.02 TeV and in pp collisions at s=2.76 TeV

Author

Arturo Alejandro Menchaca-Rocha, Leonardo Milano, L. Aphecetche, Sandro Bjelogrlic, Eugen Mudnic, Prabhat Ranjan Pujahari, Jorn Henning Putschke, Peter Strmen, Boris Batyunya, Vladimir Vechernin, Rajendra Nath Patra, M. Sano, J. Castillo Castellanos, Jamila Bashir Butt, Y. Sibiriak, D. Domenicis Gimenez, J. Pluta, Chaosong Gao, Saikat Biswas, Evgeny Ryabinkin, L. Nellen, Saehanseul Oh, Ilya Selyuzhenkov, V. Paticchio, Kristjan Herlache Gulbrandsen, Charalampos Kouzinopoulos, S. L. La Pointe, Alexander Szabo, Filip Krizek, Jussi Samuli Viinikainen, Dmitry Finogeev, Subhash Singha, Hui Zhang, Andrea Alici, Branislav Sitar, C. Garabatos, E. Spiriti, Sidharth Kumar Prasad, Christian Claude Kuhn, Elena Rocco, Dai-Mei Zhou, E. Fragiacomo, Ian Gardner Bearden, Rene Bellwied, Annika Passfeld, Håvard Helstrup, Ritsuya Hosokawa, Alexey Kuryakin, Filimon Roukoutakis, Arild Velure, Andry Malala Rakotozafindrabe, Tuva Ora Herenui Richert, Markus Bernhard Zimmermann, Mikhail Malaev, Xiangrong Zhu, A. Karasu Uysal, Sylvain Chapeland, J. W. Harris, A. Rachevski, Kjetil Ullaland, N. De Marco, Edmundo Javier Garcia-Solis, Bastian Bathen, E. Belmont-Moreno, Fedor Guber, Constantinos Loizides, D. Budnikov, Johannes Peter Wessels, J. L. Klay, A. R. Reolon, Jung-Il Song, Alexander Philipp Kalweit, Michal Kopcik, J.-Y. Grossiord, H. Appelshäuser, Mohamad Tarhini, Yves Roland Schutz, Francesco Riggi, Panagiota Foka, Ketil Røed, P. Cerello, Jacopo Margutti, Sergey Nikolaev, Mesut Arslandok, Raphaelle Marie Bailhache, Ermanno Vercellin, Silvia Masciocchi, Henrik Qvigstad, Paolo Giubellino, I. S. Zgura, Anastasia Maria Barbano, M. A. Mazzoni, Artem Konevskikh, Rosario Turrisi, Cristian Andrei, Werner Riegler, Eugenio Scapparone, Volodymyr Chelnokov, Venelin Anguelov, T.H. Kim, Dirk Hutter, M. Rodríguez Cahuantzi, Annalisa Mastroserio, Jan Fiete Grosse-Oetringhaus, M. Nicassio, G. D'Erasmo, Antonio Uras, Elisa Meninno, Tahir Hussain, Debojit Sarkar, Kenta Shigaki, A. Tarantola Peloni, Evgeny Kondratyuk, Rinaldo Rui, H. Pereira Da Costa, Manuel Colocci, Z. Buthelezi, G. Viesti, Alina Gabriela Grigoras, J. Cerkala, Alexandru Bercuci, Jørgen André Lien, Livio Bianchi, H.R. Gulkanyan, Dario Berzano, Anju Bhasin, Raimond Snellings, M. Kretz, Peter Glassel, R. N. Singaraju, Francesco Barile, A. Rodriguez Manso, A. Di Mauro, M. Fusco Girard, Igor Pshenichnov, Renaud Vernet, C. Klein-Bösing, A. S. Nyanin, Tomas Vanat, Guy Paic, E. López Torres, A. Kolojvari, Igor Altsybeev, Benjamin Audurier, Seyong Kim, Federico Cindolo, Laszlo Olah, L. Šándor, Y. Sekiguchi, Inayat Rasool Bhat, Heidrun E. K. Hartmann, Sergey Evdokimov, Jason Kamin, F. Carena, Taku Gunji, David Michael Rohr, C. G. Yaldo, Peter Braun-Munzinger, Sanjeev Singh Sambyal, A. Maire, Anton Jusko, F. Bellini, Kishora Nayak, S. K. Ghosh, G. Tejeda Muñoz, M. Morando, Bruno Espagnon, Joakim Nystrand, Kilian Eberhard Schwarz, Ivan Kralik, D. M. Goméz Coral, Andrey Zarochentsev, Miroslav Pikna, Mario Sitta, Jiri Kral, A. A. Vinogradov, V. J. G. Feuillard, Jan Figiel, Haiyan Wang, D. Watanabe, Anton Alkin, Uzma Tabassam, Udo Wolfgang Kebschull, Jihyun Bhom, Gideon Francois Steyn, A. M. Gago, Y. J. Kwon, T. Dobrowolski, Pascal Dupieux, N. Zaviyalov, A. Gomez Ramirez, E. A. R. Casula, Nirbhay Kumar Behera, J. Martin Blanco, Stefano Piano, G. A. Feofilov, J. Anielski, C. Hadjidakis, Andrea Dainese, Bogdan Theodor Rascanu, Jovan Milosevic, E. M. Fiore, Maximiliano Puccio, Fabio Filippo Colamaria, Naoto Tanaka, Buddhadeb Bhattacharjee, Boris Wagner, Eleazar Cuautle, Sergey Fokin, Mihai Niculescu, Chiara Bianchin, M. Zhalov, Ralf Keidel, Tyler Allen Browning, Alice Zimmermann, J. Thäder, M. Mohisin Khan, Borge Svane Nielsen, M. Estienne, Torsten Alt, Liudmila Malinina, S. K. Oh, J. G. Contreras, Cristiane Jahnke, Lilit Karayan, S. Vergara Limón, Nikita Agrawal, Fiorella Maria Celeste Fionda, Aditya Nath Mishra, Michael Wang, Michelangelo Agnello, M. Masera, Sara Vallero, Leonid Vinogradov, Gabor Kiss, Beomsu Chang, D. W. Kim, S. Li, Peter Levai, Roberto Divia, Shinichi Hayashi, Pascal Dillenseger, Maciej Pawel Szymanski, A. J. Rubio Montero, Joel Anthony Mazer, Hans Peter Beck, Mahmut Ozdemir, C. Oppedisano, Tatiana Drozhzhova, Catalin-Lucian Ristea, D. Vranic, Ramona Lea, Dimitry Aleksandrov, S. Porteboeuf-Houssais, Sarita Sahoo, Alberto Baldisseri, Satoshi Yano, Alla Maevskaya, Yvonne Chiara Pachmayer, Johanna Stachel, Vitaly Loginov, A. Szanto de Toledo, Ali Zaman, Gergely Gabor Barnafoldi, F. Soramel, S. Mahajan, M. I. Martínez, A. B. Kurepin, Marco Marquard, Iouri Belikov, Thomas Dietel, Min Jung Kweon, M. Bach, Roman Lietava, Mirko Planinic, Piotr Jan Gasik, Vikas Singhal, Antonino Zichichi, Juan Carlos Cabanillas Noris, Yongwook Baek, Lidia Maria Gorlich, Kenneth Francis Read, Alexander Akindinov, Artem Shangaraev, Daniel Berenyi, M. Spyropoulou-Stassinaki, Paolo Martinengo, Mohd Danish Azmi, Peter Malzacher, Wanchaloem Poonsawat, Y. F. Ryabov, Marcelo Gameiro Munhoz, Evgeny Karpechev, Cvetan Valeriev Cheshkov, G. Aglieri Rinella, R. Orava, Jan Cepila, Anirban Roy, HT Yang, Cristina Bedda, Katie Leanne Graham, Lucile Ronflette, Christian Holm Christensen, Vardanush Papikyan, R. Alfaro Molina, R. Scott, I. Berceanu, Michael Andreas Winn, Marielle Chartier, Gyulnara Eyyubova, Silvia Arcelli, P. H. S. Y. Jayarathna, L. Calero Diaz, Radiy Ilkaev, Tomas Wilhelm Snellman, Valeria Muccifora, Fouad Rami, A. G. Bogdanov, Podist Kurashvili, Y. P. Viyogi, Mikolaj Krzewicki, Maciej Slupecki, Raffaele Grosso, Peter Kalinak, S. Böttger, Alexandru Florin Dobrin, Y. Martynov, Luciano Musa, Mihaela Gheata, Federico Antinori, Debasish Das, M. Borri, Anthony Robert Timmins, Adam Ryszard Kisiel, C. Petta, S. Schuchmann, A. Fernández Téllez, Martin Poghosyan, Valery Punin, Jinjin Pan, D. L. D. Keijdener, S.A. Zaporozhets, Natalia Kondratyeva, Adriana Telesca, James Declan Mulligan, A. De Falco, A. K. Bhati, Vladimir Kaplin, Dagmar Adamová, Vladimir Ivanov, Mateusz Andrzej Ploskon, M. Wilde, P. Gianotti, T. J. Humanic, Antonio Rossi, K. Šafařík, Paolo Camerini, Sergey Voloshin, Vytautas Vislavicius, Sohail Musa Mahmood, Christoph Blume, P. Vande Vyvre, Nikolai Smirnov, Ranbir Singh, Andrzej Rybicki, Vit Kucera, Ciprian Mihai Mitu, Costin Grigoras, Daniel Michael Muhlheim, Alexander Mamonov, Raphael Noel Tieulent, G. L. Usai, Tsubasa Okubo, Sonia Parmar, Barbara Ewa Erazmus, D. Silvermyr, D. Peresunko, Kirill Voloshin, Alexei Khanzadeev, L. M. Minervini, Andrea Dubla, Gerardus Nooren, C. Søgaard, Esther Bartsch, D. Miśkowiec, M. Steinpreis, Petr Zavada, J. S. Real, Ionut Cristian Arsene, M. C. S. Williams, Deepika Rathee, Biswarup Paul, Arturo Tauro, R. P. Scharenberg, Christina Markert, Shuaib Ahmad Khan, Alberica Toia, Mandeep Kour, R. Belmont, Magnus Mager, Sabyasachi Siddhanta, W. J. Park, Pietro Antonioli, F. Rettig, Sedat Altinpinar, T. K. Nayak, Alberto Masoni, Muhammad Ajaz, H. Bøggild, Paul Christoph Bätzing, Filippo Costa, Maria Vasileiou, Marian Krivda, J. Porter, E. Stenlund, Alessandra Lattuca, Jochen Klein, R. Varma, Grzegorz Andrzej Wilk, Matthias Richter, Trine Spedstad Tveter, J. R. M. Almaraz, M. Spacek, A. Batista Camejo, Andrei Ionut Herghelegiu, Heiko Engel, Vladimir Kovalenko, A. Vyushin, Paolo Bartalini, Jan Musinsky, Peter Zahariev Hristov, Ombretta Pinazza, Luisa Cifarelli, Ante Bilandzic, M. Marchisone, Oliver Busch, Hiroki Yokoyama, Michael Linus Knichel, Ivan Kisel, G. Hamar, Jeremi Niedziela, Theo Alexander Broker, D. Pant, Thomas Peitzmann, D. R. Gangadharan, Alex Hansen, Jai Samuel Nielsen Salzwedel, Krzysztof Marek Sielewicz, Bikash Sinha, Supriya Das, G. Herrera Corral, Laure Marie Massacrier, Malgorzata Anna Janik, Giuseppe Simonetti, Monika Kofarago, Donald M. McDonald, Lawrence Pinsky, Ralf Peter Averbeck, S. Beole, C. Lagana Fernandes, Vladimir Izucheev, Marc Weber, F. Baltasar Dos Santos Pedrosa, Lukasz Kamil Graczykowski, K. Barth, Giacomo Volpe, Jens Wiechula, Yasuo Miake, Xiang Zhang, Gennady Zinovjev, Salvatore Aiola, B. K. Srivastava, Paolo Pagano, J. S. Kim, Francesco Noferini, Palash Khan, E. Dénes, Ali Okatan, Christoph Mayer, U. Frankenfeld, Sonia Rajput, Sergey Kiselev, J. H. Kang, Alexander Borissov, X. Cai, Cristina Terrevoli, G. S. Pappalardo, R. Romita, E. Nappi, Sadhana Dash, Dieter Røhrich, Timo Eero Hilden, Boris Teyssier, Benjamin Andreas Hess, Oleksandr Kovalenko, P. G. Kuijer, Y. Wang, Raymond James Ehlers, Artur Furs, Wladyslaw Henryk Trzaska, Davide Caffarri, A. Ortiz Velasquez, Stefano Bagnasco, G. Stefanek, Basanta Kumar Nandi, Y. Vinogradov, L. Valencia Palomo, Vladimir Nikulin, Johannes Hendrik Stiller, M. V. Ivanov, Natasha Sharma, Kamal Hussain Khan, Mikhail Ippolitov, M. Cherney, P. Pillot, Matti Mikael Mieskolainen, Rosi Reed, Thomas Michael Cormier, Vladislav Manko, G. Conesa Balbastre, Peter Martin Jacobs, Andreas Morsch, Ken Oyama, Sergey Filchagin, Marco Bregant, V. Petráček, Ruben Shahoyan, Janka Vrlakova, Shingo Sakai, Madalina-Gabriela Tarzila, Angelo Rivetti, Svein Lindal, Natalia Zhigareva, Maria Haiduc, Boris Hippolyte, Rishat Sultanov, Ping Yang, V. Lenti, Kristin Fanebust Hetland, I-K. Yoo, Svetlana Kushpil, Jon Christopher Wikne, Stefania Bufalino, Antoine Xavier Lardeux, Giacomo Bruno, J. P. Revol, Lokesh Kumar, K. Shtejer, Marco Leoncino, Elisa Laudi, Panagiotis Christakoglou, D. Hatzifotiadou, Predrag Buncic, Laszlo Boldizsar, J. Takahashi, Uwe Westerhoff, Marie Germain, Michal Broz, H. Bello Martinez, Ewa Gladysz-dziadus, Jan Rak, E. Montes, F. Prino, B. Polichtchouk, B. Grinyov, Ulrich Fuchs, Corrado Gargiulo, Alexander Kluge, Redmer Alexander Bertens, G. V. Margagliotti, Rathijit Biswas, I. León Monzón, Annelies Marianne Veen, Vito Manzari, Viktor Riabov, Jozef Ferencei, G. de Cataldo, Marcel Araujo Silva Figueredo, G. Koyithatta Meethaleveedu, Philipp Johannes Luettig, Yu. V. Kharlov, Astrid Vauthier, P. Crochet, Zubayer Ahammed, Yuri Melikyan, Olja Dordic, M. Veldhoen, Meidana Huang, Nicole Alice Martin, Bogdan Vulpescu, Sankhayan Choudhury, Alessandra Fantoni, R. D. Majka, Jacek Tomasz Otwinowski, M. R. Cosentino, C. Cicalo, Slavka Jadlovska, Iosif Legrand, Dmitry Blau, C. Roy, M. Vala, P. Papcun, T. P. Sinha, Hanna Paulina Zbroszczyk, Premomoy Ghosh, Konstantin Mikhaylov, Johan Alme, Luciano Ramello, Angela Badala, M. Fasel, Bongsoo Kim, Toru Sugitate, Z. Chunhui, Michele Floris, A. Zaborowska, Jongsik Eum, Peter Chochula, Iwona Anna Sputowska, Nur Hussain, Ganesh Jagannath Tambave, M. Keil, Christophe Pierre Suire, Mukesh Sharma, Jesse Thomas Buxton, M. Gallio, Hartmut Hillemanns, Sergey Gorbunov, You Zhou, Jacobus Onderwaater, A. Nedosekin, Alessandro Ferretti, D. A. Moreira De Godoy, R. T. Jimenez Bustamante, Claudiu Cornel Schiaua, Jitendra Kumar, Davide Francesco Lodato, M. G. Fleck, F. Scarlassara, O. Villalobos Baillie, Christian Lippmann, J. W. Van Hoorne, R. A. Ricci, V. P. Kondratiev, Sandra Moretto, Andrea Danu, Adela Kravcakova, Attiq Ur Rehman, Linus Feldkamp, Andres Sandoval, Vladimir Belyaev, J. T. Blair, Ki-Seok Choi, Motoi Inaba, N. Grion, Guillaume Batigne, Rune Langøy, Roberta Arnaldi, T. Breitner, Carlos A. Salgado, Christophe Furget, Jean Willy Andre Cleymans, Volker Lindenstruth, Andrey Vasiliev, Volodymyr Yurchenko, Sibaji Raha, Filip Erhardt, Oleg Karavichev, Enrico Scomparin, Tomoya Tsuji, J. Mercado Pérez, P. La Rocca, S. De Pasquale, L. Montaño Zetina, Alberto Caliva, S. P. Sorensen, Dezso Varga, Andrew John Lowe, Vladimir Peskov, Anand Kumar Dubey, Hans Martin Ljunggren, D. De Gruttola, Antonija Utrobicic, Renu Bala, Pooja Pareek, Janet Elizabeth Seger, Arseniy Shabanov, Mihai Petrovici, Ara Grigoryan, Alexander Deisting, Tatsuya Chujo, Henner Buesching, Erik Brücken, Andrea Francescon, D. Elia, Bernd Stefan Windelband, Varlen Grabski, Rudiger Haake, J. L. Charvet, Myunggeun Song, Franco Meddi, Franck Manso, Krzysztof Redlich, Sami Sakari Rasanen, Ashutosh Pandey, Jubin Mitra, Néstor Armesto, Emilia Leogrande, Lucia Leardini, Chinorat Kobdaj, S. Lee, Sudipan De, J. D. Tapia Takaki, Z. Conesa del Valle, B. von Haller, Sean Murray, Dong Jo Kim, Jan Wagner, X. Sanchez Castro, Øystein Senneset Haaland, Francesco Bossu, Gilda Scioli, Jurgen Schukraft, Chiara Zampolli, Chengxin Zhao, Satyabrata Kar, Victor Trubnikov, Michal Meres, Tiziano Virgili, T. Antičić, Marta Verweij, Richa Gupta, Julien Faivre, David H. Evans, Tim Schuster, I. E. Yushmanov, C. Ceballos Sanchez, Teodor Siemiarczuk, Jan Pospíšil, Xiaowen Ren, T. J. M. Symons, Igor Lakomov, Benjamin Donigus, Helmut Oskar Oeschler, Nima Zardoshti, L. Cunqueiro, H.B. Kim, Maksym Zyzak, Diego Stocco, Stefano Trogolo, D. S. Hwang, A. Feliciello, Alexandre Shabetai, Patrick Simon Reichelt, Sergey Nazarenko, Jeewon Seo, I. Erdemir, Brigitte Cheynis, Carsten Klein, Alice Elisabeth Ohlson, Hannes Jung, C. Lara, Hideki Hamagaki, Jeremy John Wilkinson, Agneta Oskarsson, Anselmo Margotti, A. Matyja, Janusz Oleniacz, Y. Berdnikov, Ana Vargas, Danthasinghe Piyarathna, I. Maldonado Cervantes, Elena Bruna, J. Bartke, Klaus Johannes Reygers, Astrid Morreale, Petra Riedler, M. Venaruzzo, Alexander Vodopyanov, J. de Cuveland, Deepa Thomas, P. Rosnet, Andrey Reshetin, Sukalyan Chattopadhyay, Marcello Lunardon, J. Saini, Alexandr Tumkin, Amalia Pop, P. H. F. N. D. Luz, Rachid Guernane, D. Eschweiler, Chitrasen Jena, Imrich Szarka, Nicole Bastid, C. Cavicchioli, Latchezar Betev, J. J. Gaardhøje, Hongbo Zhu, Kgotlaesele Senosi, Michal Sumbera, Fabian Ng, A. A. P. Suaide, M. Basile, Lee Stuart Barnby, Piero Giubilato, Xavier Bernard Lopez, Jaroslav Bielcik, Elena Rogochaya, M. Kim, P. I. Loenne, Anton Andronic, H. J. Jang, Baldo Sahlmuller, A. De Caro, Rosario Nania, Satyajit Jena, M. Bombara, E. Pereira De Oliveira Filho, Graham Richard Lee, J. Van Der Maarel, P. Di Nezza, Austin Vincent Harton, C. J. Schmidt, Thanushan Kugathasan, Mais Kazim Oglu Suleymanov, Laurent Ducroux, Pragati Sahoo, Sk Noor Alam, F. Carnesecchi, Andrei Gheata, Catherine Micaela Silvestre, Steffen Georg Weber, P. L. M. Podesta-Lerma, Ionel Stan, Ajay Kumar Dash, Levente Molnar, Madan M. Aggarwal, Indranil Das, Jaroslav Adam, A. Szczepankiewicz, Marton Vargyas, Federico Ronchetti, Andre Mischke, Ilaria Aimo, Pradip Kumar Sahu, E. Botta, Nikola Poljak, Torsten Dahms, Alexis Jean-michel Mas, Wisla Carena, Martino Gagliardi, I. Cortés Maldonado, H. J. C. Zanoli, D. Di Bari, S. Esumi, M. Irfan, Stefan Thomas Heckel, S. U. Chung, Evgeny Kryshen, Ivan Vorobyev, Alessandro Grelli, Ajay Kumar, Bedangadas Mohanty, R. Cruz Albino, Siegfried Valentin Foertsch, S. K. Basu, Fatiha Lehas, Thorsten Sven Kollegger, S. Sadovsky, Domenico Colella, Martin Andreas Volkl, Vladimir Samsonov, Christine Nattrass, Muhammad Umair Naru, Xing Long Li, Jaime Norman, M. A. Tangaro, Roberto Preghenella, Marek Chojnacki, I. Ilkiv, E. Serradilla, Sang Un Ahn, Valentina Zaccolo, Hans Rudolf Schmidt, J. Zhu, A. C. Oliveira Da Silva, Nicola Bianchi, C. Pajares, E. G. Ferreiro, Roy Crawford Lemmon, Andrea Festanti, Jana Bielcikova, Adrian Sevcenco, Bjarte Kileng, Rama Chandra Baral, Peter Graham Jones, Smbat Grigoryan, Rainer Martin Schicker, H. Masui, Andrzej Deloff, D. Felea, J. Book, Andre Augustinus, C. Alves Garcia Prado, Sona Pochybova, Anik Gupta, D. Alexandre, Sanjib Muhuri, P. Roy, Zixuan Song, F. Blanco, A. G. Knospe, Zhuo Zhou, A. Sharma, R. A. Soltz, M. Martinez Pedreira, K. Schweda, M. E. Connors, Linda Vickovic, D. Fabris, Yonghong Zhang, Mohammad Ahmad Saleh, David Dobrigkeit Chinellato, Barbara Guerzoni, Peter Christiansen, M. Vajzer, Y. Pestov, Oksana Shadura, Marek Kowalski, Felix Reidt, V. Chibante Barroso, Y. Watanabe, Raghunath Sahoo, Valerie Ramillien Barret, M. A. Diaz Corchero, Mohammad Tariq, V. Petrov, Øystein Djuvsland, Friederike Bock, M. A. Lisa, Gyula Bencedi, M. Heide, Maitreyee Mukherjee, R. Russo, Rainer Arno Ernst Renfordt, Andrew Michael Kubera, Petr Nomokonov, Martin Schulc, Rashmi Raniwala, Pietro Cortese, Claude Andre Pruneau, Roberto Barbera, Naghmeh Mohammadi, A. J. Castro, C. E. Pérez Lara, Ana Maria Marin, Z. Yin, Laura Fabbietti, G. Puddu, Daiki Sekihata, E. Calvo Villar, E. Perez Lezama, Stefan Kirsch, Sergey Nikulin, J.A. Mares, Grazia Luparello, Paraskevi Ganoti, M. van Leeuwen, S. K. Pal, Goran Simatovic, Dmitry Mal'kevich, Tsunehiro Kobayashi, V. Grigoriev, Y. Corrales Morales, Kohei Terasaki, Toralf Bernhard Skaali, Michael Henry Oliver, G. Martínez García, Herve Borel, P. González-Zamora, Bruno Alessandro, H. Caines, Sudhir Raniwala, Tatiana Karavicheva, Alberto Collu, Sven Gotovac, and Zabulon Vilakazi

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, Meson, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Branching fraction, Hadron, Strangeness, 01 natural sciences, Nuclear physics, 0103 physical sciences, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Production (computer science), Rapidity, Absorption (logic), Nuclear Experiment, 010306 general physics, Nucleon
Abstract

The first study of $\phi$-meson production in p–Pb collisions at forward and backward rapidity, at a nucleon– nucleon centre-of-mass energy $\sqrt{S_{NN}}$= 5.02 TeV, has been performed with the ALICE apparatus at the LHC. The $\phi$-mesons have been identified in the dimuon decay channel in the transverse momentum ($p_T$) range 1 < $p_T$ < 7 GeV/c, both in the p-going (2.03 < y < 3.53) and the Pb-going (−4.46 < y < −2.96) directions — where $y$ stands for the rapidity in the nucleon–nucleon centre-of-mass — the integrated luminosity amounting to 5.01 ± 0.19 nb$^{−1}$ and 5.81 ± 0.20 nb$^{−1}$ , respectively, for the two data samples. Differential cross sections as a function of transverse momentum and rapidity are presented. The forward–backward ratio for $\phi$-meson production is measured for 2.96 < |y| < 3.53, resulting in a ratio ∼ 0.5 with no significant $p_T$ dependence within the uncertainties. The $p_T$ dependence of the $\phi$ nuclear modification factor R$_{pPb}$ exhibits an enhancement up to a factor 1.6 at $\phi$= 3–4 GeV/c in the Pb-going direction. The $p_T$ dependence of the $\phi$-meson cross section in pp collisions at $\sqrt s$ = 2.76 TeV, which is used to determine a reference for the p–Pb results, is also presented here for 1 < $p_T$ < 5 GeV/c and 2.5 < y < 4, for a 78 ± 3 nb$^{−1}$ integrated luminosity sample.

Published
2017

49. Measurement of azimuthal correlations of D mesons with charged particles in pp collisions at $$\sqrt{s}=7$$ s = 7 TeV and p–Pb collisions at $${\sqrt{{{s}}_{\scriptscriptstyle {\mathrm{NN}}}}}=5.02$$ s NN = 5.02 TeV

Author

Franco Meddi, Franck Manso, Chinorat Kobdaj, Dmitry Blau, C. Roy, M. Vala, M. Keil, Peter Kalinak, Valery Punin, S.A. Zaporozhets, Sergey Gorbunov, R. T. Jimenez Bustamante, Adriana Telesca, Linus Feldkamp, Andres Sandoval, Ivan Vorobyev, Caterina Deplano, Rune Langøy, Roberta Arnaldi, Alexandru Florin Dobrin, Dhananjaya Thakur, Alexander Deisting, E. Fragiacomo, Ian Gardner Bearden, Alexey Kuryakin, Filimon Roukoutakis, Sudipan De, Z. Conesa del Valle, Dong Jo Kim, Matej Oravec, Stefano Piano, Pascal Dillenseger, Sibaliso Mhlanga, Alessandro Grelli, Ajay Kumar, R. Cruz Albino, Siegfried Valentin Foertsch, Sean Murray, Jan Wagner, Matthias Bonora, S. K. Basu, Rosario Turrisi, Evgeny Kondratyuk, Jørgen André Lien, Pietro Cortese, Muhammad Umair Naru, Xing Long Li, Jaime Norman, Ionut Cristian Arsene, Raphaelle Marie Bailhache, Gilda Scioli, Madan M. Aggarwal, Audrey Francisco, Andry Malala Rakotozafindrabe, Tuva Ora Herenui Richert, Markus Bernhard Zimmermann, M. C. S. Williams, Alexis Jean-michel Mas, Wisla Carena, Martino Gagliardi, Nirbhay Kumar Behera, A. C. Oliveira Da Silva, Nicola Bianchi, T. Antičić, D. Di Bari, S. Esumi, M. Irfan, S. U. Chung, Arturo Tauro, Soyeon Cho, Richa Gupta, Julius Maximilian Gronefeld, Mikhail Malaev, Lee Stuart Barnby, Piero Giubilato, Xavier Bernard Lopez, Alexei Khanzadeev, H. Bøggild, E. Stenlund, Ermanno Vercellin, I. S. Zgura, M. A. Mazzoni, Artem Konevskikh, Tahir Hussain, Debojit Sarkar, Francesco Bossu, Michal Meres, Tiziano Virgili, S. Mahajan, Prabhakar Palni, M. Martinez Pedreira, K. Schweda, A. Karasu Uysal, Eleazar Cuautle, Jaroslav Bielcik, J. Cerkala, Alexandru Bercuci, Joel Anthony Mazer, Christian Holm Christensen, Bruno Espagnon, A. A. Vinogradov, S. Schuchmann, Elena Rogochaya, P. I. Loenne, Anton Andronic, Christophe Furget, Jean Willy Andre Cleymans, Volker Lindenstruth, Daniel Michael Muhlheim, Sabyasachi Siddhanta, Shaji Kumar, Z. Buthelezi, Alina Gabriela Grigoras, Vardanush Papikyan, R. Alfaro Molina, R. Scott, Marielle Chartier, Gyulnara Eyyubova, B. Di Ruzza, Cristina Bedda, Katie Leanne Graham, D. Watanabe, S. K. Oh, Lucile Ronflette, S. Li, Ramona Lea, J. Mercado Pérez, P. La Rocca, Alberto Caliva, S. P. Sorensen, Alberto Masoni, Alexander Mamonov, Livio Bianchi, Benjamin Audurier, Paolo Giubellino, Peter Chochula, Dezso Varga, Andrew John Lowe, Fiorella Fionda, A. S. Gonzalez, Y. Mao, D. Budnikov, J. L. Klay, A. R. Reolon, Barbara Jacak, Jung-Il Song, Alexander Philipp Kalweit, Michal Kopcik, L. Calero Diaz, C. Petta, Baldo Sahlmuller, Lukasz Kamil Graczykowski, D. W. Kim, Luciano Musa, Basanta Kumar Nandi, Svein Lindal, Rishat Sultanov, Ping Yang, Dagmar Adamová, M. E. Connors, Gabor Biro, Naghmeh Mohammadi, Theo Alexander Broker, Eugen Mudnic, Jorn Henning Putschke, Uzma Tabassam, Peter Glassel, R. N. Singaraju, Christian Bourjau, Manuel Colocci, A. Villatoro Tello, Francesco Barile, J. S. Kim, Alex Henri Jean Chauvin, D. De Gruttola, Federico Cindolo, Christophe Pierre Suire, Mukesh Sharma, A. Nedosekin, Xinye Peng, A. De Caro, J. Van Der Maarel, P. Di Nezza, J. Castillo Castellanos, E. López Torres, A. Kolojvari, A. Rodriguez Manso, A. Di Mauro, Jan Jadlovsky, Vladimir Belyaev, J. T. Blair, J. R. M. Almaraz, J. W. Harris, Sebastian Klewin, S. Sadovsky, Domenico Colella, Martin Andreas Volkl, Vladimir Samsonov, Kristin Fanebust Hetland, A. Rachevski, Linda Vickovic, Christine Nattrass, D. Fabris, Yonghong Zhang, Andrei Ionut Herghelegiu, Heiko Engel, D. M. Goméz Coral, Andrey Zarochentsev, Jamila Bashir Butt, Y. Sibiriak, Mihai Petrovici, S. Balasubramanian, Ara Grigoryan, Oleksandr Kovalenko, C. Hadjidakis, V. Grigoriev, D. Elia, Y. Corrales Morales, Lukas Gruber, D. R. Gangadharan, Ilya Selyuzhenkov, M. Cherney, Matti Mikael Mieskolainen, Rosi Reed, Silvia Arcelli, Peter Braun-Munzinger, Sanjeev Singh Sambyal, Thomas Michael Cormier, Lokesh Kumar, Oleg Karavichev, P. H. S. Y. Jayarathna, S. De Pasquale, L. Montaño Zetina, L. Šándor, Kohei Terasaki, S. L. La Pointe, Rathijit Biswas, I. León Monzón, Toralf Bernhard Skaali, Jozef Ferencei, Min Jung Kweon, Silvia Masciocchi, O. Villalobos Baillie, Christian Lippmann, Vladimir Izucheev, C. Cicalo, Mohammad Ahmad Saleh, J. W. Van Hoorne, E. Calvo Villar, David Dobrigkeit Chinellato, F. Ronchetti, Stefan Kirsch, Sergey Nikulin, Bernd Stefan Windelband, Bogdan Theodor Rascanu, Joakim Nystrand, Marco Leoncino, Hua Pei, C. Garabatos, Hendrik Poppenborg, Varlen Grabski, Cristina Terrevoli, M. Masera, Sven Gotovac, Zabulon Vilakazi, E. Spiriti, Rosario Nania, Kirill Lapidus, R. A. Ricci, V. P. Kondratiev, Christian Claude Kuhn, Ashik Ikbal Sheikh, Tatsuya Chujo, Marc Weber, Giuseppe Trombetta, G. Conesa Balbastre, Peter Martin Jacobs, Alexander Akindinov, Vicente González, T. Breitner, Sang Un Ahn, Paolo Camerini, Sergey Voloshin, D. Miśkowiec, Emilia Leogrande, Valentina Zaccolo, Maciej Slupecki, Tomas Vanat, Guy Paic, Elena Rocco, Michael Andreas Winn, Jon Christopher Wikne, David Olle Rickard Silvermyr, Aleksey M. Tikhonov, H. Appelshäuser, Mohamad Tarhini, A. Maire, Ketil Røed, Sebastian Lehner, P. Cerello, Michael Henry Oliver, Shafiq Ahmad, E. Nappi, Julien Charles Hamon, S. Lee, Arturo Alejandro Menchaca-Rocha, G. Martínez García, Anton Jusko, Ivan Kralik, Miroslav Pikna, Mario Sitta, Herve Borel, Jacopo Margutti, P. González-Zamora, E. A. R. Casula, Leonardo Milano, Federico Antinori, L. Aphecetche, Peter Zahariev Hristov, Gerardus Nooren, Jan Musinsky, Ombretta Pinazza, Ernst Hellbar, J. Zhu, Giacomo Bruno, Charles E. Hughes, Kenta Shigaki, D. Hatzifotiadou, Predrag Buncic, B. von Haller, Pranjal Sarma, Tomas Wilhelm Snellman, Andrey Vasiliev, Barbara Guerzoni, Sergey Nikolaev, Gideon Francois Steyn, M. Mohisin Khan, Laszlo Boldizsar, J. Takahashi, I. Berceanu, Borge Svane Nielsen, Peter Christiansen, Enrico Scomparin, Jacek Tomasz Otwinowski, M. R. Cosentino, Paola Gianotti, J. Wiechula, Jinjin Pan, Hiroki Yokoyama, M. Fasel, Nicolo Jacazio, Anastasia Maria Barbano, Jana Crkovská, Prabhat Ranjan Pujahari, V. Lenti, B. Grinyov, Ulrich Fuchs, Peter Strmen, Wanchaloem Poonsawat, Y. F. Ryabov, Michelangelo Agnello, G. S. Pappalardo, M. Bombara, Corrado Gargiulo, Manoj Bhanudas Jadhav, Nilmoni Sarkar, Vladimir Vechernin, Renaud Vernet, C. Klein-Bösing, Ewa Gladysz-dziadus, Jan Rak, Annelies Marianne Veen, Vito Manzari, P. G. Kuijer, Aditya Nath Mishra, Roberto Divia, Dimitry Aleksandrov, Ralf Keidel, Viktor Riabov, Alice Zimmermann, James Declan Mulligan, Rahul Ramachandran Nair, S. Porteboeuf-Houssais, Sarita Sahoo, Yvonne Chiara Pachmayer, Eugenio Scapparone, Bruno Alessandro, Matteo Lupi, Lilit Karayan, S. Vergara Limón, H. Caines, Sudhir Raniwala, T. Peitzmann, Marie Germain, Wladyslaw Henryk Trzaska, Madalina-Gabriela Tarzila, H. León Vargas, Rajendra Nath Patra, Serpil Yalcin, C. Alves Garcia Prado, Yu. V. Kharlov, Satoshi Yano, Tatiana Karavicheva, Subikash Choudhury, Bharati Naik, Alexander Kluge, B. Erazmus, Y. Pestov, Daniel Berenyi, Satyajit Jena, Marta Verweij, T. J. Humanic, Paolo Martinengo, K. Šafařík, Preeti Dhankher, A. S. Nyanin, F. Bellini, Nikita Agrawal, Austin Vincent Harton, A. K. Bhati, Kishora Nayak, Redmer Alexander Bertens, G. V. Margagliotti, Kilian Eberhard Schwarz, Mohd Danish Azmi, Peter Malzacher, Erin Frances Gauger, F. Scarlassara, Nikolai Smirnov, R. Orava, H. R. Schmidt, Pooja Pareek, Edmundo Javier Garcia-Solis, Janet Elizabeth Seger, Sona Pochybova, Ranjit Nayak, Bastian Bathen, Anik Gupta, Kristjan Herlache Gulbrandsen, Peter Levai, Raphael Noel Tieulent, V. J. G. Feuillard, Felix Reidt, O. Vazquez Doce, Henrik Qvigstad, Zubayer Ahammed, V. Chibante Barroso, Charalampos Kouzinopoulos, Igor Pshenichnov, Raghunath Sahoo, Andrea Francescon, Anthony Robert Timmins, I. Das, Adam Ryszard Kisiel, R. D. De Souza, Adela Kravcakova, Z. Yin, Guido Alexander Willems, Johannes Peter Wessels, Annalisa Mastroserio, Jan Fiete Grosse-Oetringhaus, Laura Fabbietti, G. Puddu, Krzysztof Redlich, Francesco Noferini, M. Nicassio, D. A. Moreira De Godoy, D. Alexandre, Lucina Gabriela Espinoza Beltran, Premomoy Ghosh, Konstantin Mikhaylov, Claudiu Cornel Schiaua, Sebastian Rosado Navarro, Maksym Zyzak, Sandra Moretto, Andrea Danu, Costin Grigoras, Valerie Ramillien Barret, Maximiliano Puccio, Igor Altsybeev, Davide Pagano, Johan Alme, Sampo Saarinen, E. Dénes, Serhiy Senyukov, Jan Figiel, Gergely Gabor Barnafoldi, Sami Sakari Rasanen, Ashutosh Pandey, Jubin Mitra, Jovan Milosevic, Seyong Kim, Luciano Ramello, Laszlo Olah, Artem Shangaraev, Ali Zaman, T. Kollegger, Marco Marquard, Chengxin Zhao, Daiki Sekihata, P. Ladron de Guevara, Guillaume Batigne, Iwona Anna Sputowska, Nur Hussain, Ajay Kumar Dash, M. Kim, E. Perez Lezama, M. A. Diaz Corchero, Mohammad Tariq, Andrea Dubla, Oliver Busch, J.A. Mares, Mais Kazim Oglu Suleymanov, Laurent Ducroux, V. Petrov, Udo Wolfgang Kebschull, Jesse Thomas Buxton, Øystein Djuvsland, J. H. Kang, Alexander Borissov, X. Cai, Grazia Luparello, Paraskevi Ganoti, Pascal Dupieux, Andrea Dainese, Sergey Fokin, Pragati Sahoo, Teodor Siemiarczuk, Sk Noor Alam, Sedat Altinpinar, J. Thäder, T. K. Nayak, Alessandro Ferretti, F. Carena, Marian Krivda, B. A. Hess, Sanjib Muhuri, P. Roy, Zixuan Song, A. G. Knospe, Jitendra Kumar, Davide Francesco Lodato, M. G. Fleck, Volodymyr Yurchenko, Torsten Alt, Antonija Utrobicic, Renu Bala, M. Estienne, F. Soramel, Taku Gunji, Mahmut Ozdemir, O. A. Grachov, M. van Leeuwen, Alberto Baldisseri, Piotr Jan Gasik, Catherine Micaela Silvestre, Zhuo Zhou, A. De Falco, Grzegorz Andrzej Wilk, Matthias Richter, S. K. Pal, N. Grion, Stefania Bufalino, R. Varma, Christoph Blume, Alice Elisabeth Ohlson, Andrzej Rybicki, Goran Simatovic, Evgeny Karpechev, E. M. Fiore, Steffen Georg Weber, Vit Kucera, Ciprian Mihai Mitu, G. Aglieri Rinella, Esther Bartsch, Andile Mothegi Whitehead, Michal Broz, H. Bello Martinez, Igor Lakomov, Juan Carlos Cabanillas Noris, P. L. M. Podesta-Lerma, Benjamin Donigus, Gabriele Gaetano Fronze, Anton Alkin, Chaosong Gao, Saikat Biswas, G. Herrera Corral, Xiang Zhang, Gennady Zinovjev, Sadhana Dash, Lawrence Pinsky, Dmitry Mal'kevich, Nicole Alice Martin, Giuseppe Simonetti, A. Sharma, A. Fernández Téllez, Martin Poghosyan, Natalia Kondratyeva, Dieter Røhrich, Mateusz Andrzej Ploskon, K. Shtejer, Rainer Arno Ernst Renfordt, Andrew Michael Kubera, Petr Nomokonov, P. Vande Vyvre, Paolo Bartalini, Vikas Singhal, Zhiqing Zhang, Antonino Zichichi, Mihaela Gheata, M. Schmidt, M. Spyropoulou-Stassinaki, Marcelo Gameiro Munhoz, David Horak, Valeria Muccifora, A. G. Bogdanov, R. D. Majka, Helmut Oskar Oeschler, Ionel Stan, Levente Molnar, Marcello Borri, Alexander Vodopyanov, Rashmi Raniwala, Tsubasa Okubo, Hui Zhang, Andrea Alici, Sonia Parmar, Sergey Kiselev, Slavka Jadlovska, Claude Andre Pruneau, Roberto Barbera, Elena Botta, Attiq Ur Rehman, Ki-Seok Choi, D. Peresunko, Kirill Voloshin, C. de Conti, Motoi Inaba, K. Barth, Ralf Peter Averbeck, S. Beole, Meike Charlotte Danisch, Jin Hee Yoon, Alberica Toia, Magnus Mager, Dai-Mei Zhou, Yves Roland Schutz, Andreas Morsch, Dong-Hyun Kim, Dario Berzano, Anju Bhasin, A. J. Castro, Filippo Costa, Mihai Niculescu, C. Lagana Fernandes, Michael Linus Knichel, Suharyo Sumowidagdo, Monika Kofarago, Donald M. McDonald, Michael Wang, R. A. Negrao De Oliveira, Alexandr Tumkin, Ana Maria Marin, C. Zhang, Natasha Sharma, Mikhail Ippolitov, Jaroslav Adam, G. A. Feofilov, L. Nellen, W. J. Park, Pietro Antonioli, Shingo Sakai, Uwe Westerhoff, Federica Sozzi, Luisa Cifarelli, M. Zhalov, Vladimir Kaplin, Maciej Pawel Szymanski, Salvatore Aiola, Christian Schmidt, Cristian Andrei, Venelin Anguelov, Eliane Epple, Raymond James Ehlers, Vytautas Vislavicius, Oksana Shadura, Marek Kowalski, Natalia Zhigareva, Marton Vargyas, David Michael Rohr, Maria Vasileiou, Andre Mischke, Y. Watanabe, Friederike Bock, A. M. Rossi, M. A. Lisa, Gyula Bencedi, Vladimir Nikulin, Maria Haiduc, Boris Hippolyte, Pradip Kumar Sahu, Mikolaj Krzewicki, V. Paticchio, Alla Maevskaya, Vladimir Kovalenko, Raffaele Grosso, Sandro Bjelogrlic, Robert Helmut Munzer, Fabio Filippo Colamaria, J. Porter, Hao Wang, Miljenko Suljic, Shuaib Ahmad Khan, A. B. Kurepin, R. Belmont, Alessandra Lattuca, Jochen Klein, Trine Spedstad Tveter, Ivan Kisel, A. J. Rubio Montero, Saehanseul Oh, Alexander Szabo, Filip Krizek, Hans Peter Beck, L. V. Malinina, Iouri Belikov, Thomas Dietel, Roman Lietava, P. Crochet, P. Pillot, Branislav Sitar, Håvard Helstrup, You Zhou, Ritsuya Hosokawa, Tyler Harrison Lutz, Fedor Guber, Constantinos Loizides, Ken Oyama, Maitreyee Mukherjee, Sidharth Kumar Prasad, Arild Velure, Sohail Musa Mahmood, Kjetil Ullaland, N. De Marco, E. Belmont-Moreno, Francesco Riggi, M. I. Martínez, Panagiota Foka, Mesut Arslandok, Michal Sefcik, Werner Riegler, Mirko Planinic, T.H. Kim, Elisa Incani, R. Russo, Jan Cabala, L. A. P. Moreno, Ali Okatan, Christoph Mayer, U. Frankenfeld, Antonio Uras, Elisa Meninno, Oliver Werner Arnold, Y. Sekiguchi, Inayat Rasool Bhat, Sergey Filchagin, Marco Bregant, G. Tejeda Muñoz, E. Montes, F. Prino, B. Polichtchouk, N. Zaviyalov, A. Gomez Ramirez, Astrid Vauthier, Konstantin Munning, Cristiane Jahnke, Beomsu Chang, C. Oppedisano, Tatiana Drozhzhova, Catalin-Lucian Ristea, D. Vranic, Vitaly Loginov, Lidia Maria Gorlich, Kenneth Francis Read, Jan Cepila, Fabian Ng, Podist Kurashvili, Y. P. Viyogi, G. Volpe, Dennis Franz Weiser, Vladimir Ivanov, H. J. C. Zanoli, Evgeny Kryshen, G. L. Usai, Vladimir V. Isakov, Roberto Preghenella, Petr Zavada, Deepika Rathee, Marek Chojnacki, Christina Markert, E. Serradilla, Roy Crawford Lemmon, Andrea Festanti, Jana Bielcikova, Paul Christoph Bätzing, Bjarte Kileng, Rama Chandra Baral, Peter Graham Jones, Ante Bilandzic, D. S. D. Albuquerque, Smbat Grigoryan, Rainer Martin Schicker, Andrzej Deloff, G. Hamar, J. Book, J. H. Kim, Andre Augustinus, Yasuo Miake, Palash Khan, Davide Caffarri, A. Ortiz Velasquez, Stefano Bagnasco, Johannes Hendrik Stiller, M. V. Ivanov, J. G. Contreras, Sylvain Chapeland, Volodymyr Chelnokov, Rinaldo Rui, H. Pereira Da Costa, Qiye Shou, M. Fusco Girard, Sergey Evdokimov, Alberto Collu, Samrangy Sadhu, Sergio Arturo Iga Buitron, Carlos Duarte Galvan, Naoto Tanaka, Buddhadeb Bhattacharjee, Boris Wagner, Chiara Bianchin, Tyler Allen Browning, Shinichi Hayashi, Nima Zardoshti, L. Cunqueiro, H.B. Kim, Rudiger Haake, Stefano Trogolo, D. S. Hwang, A. Feliciello, Patrick Simon Reichelt, Sergey Nazarenko, A. Szczepankiewicz, Panagiotis Christakoglou, Brigitte Cheynis, Carsten Klein, G. Koyithatta Meethaleveedu, Philipp Johannes Luettig, Yuri Melikyan, Olja Dordic, Jihyun Bhom, Hideki Hamagaki, Anselmo Margotti, T. P. Sinha, Hanna Paulina Zbroszczyk, Toru Sugitate, Michele Floris, Jongsik Eum, G. de Cataldo, M. Gallio, Marcel Araujo Silva Figueredo, Jacobus Onderwaater, Alessandra Fantoni, Angela Badala, Sibaji Raha, Filip Erhardt, Hartmut Hillemanns, Boris Batyunya, Tomoya Tsuji, Arseniy Shabanov, Anand Kumar Dubey, Jai Samuel Nielsen Salzwedel, Supriya Das, Artur Furs, Vladislav Manko, M. Sano, Bogdan Vulpescu, Myunggeun Song, Hans Martin Ljunggren, Lucia Leardini, Vladimir Peskov, I. K. Yoo, D. Domenicis Gimenez, J. Pluta, Evgeny Ryabinkin, Yongwook Baek, Jussi Samuli Viinikainen, Dmitry Finogeev, Alexandre Shabetai, Jurgen Schukraft, Satyabrata Kar, Victor Trubnikov, C. Lara, J. Bartke, P. W. Stankus, Julien Faivre, Rene Bellwied, Petra Riedler, Hiroshi Murakami, Xiaowen Ren, Annika Passfeld, C. Ceballos Sanchez, Chiara Zampolli, Sara Vallero, Jan Pospíšil, Monika Joanna Jakubowska, Dirk Hutter, M. Rodríguez Cahuantzi, Debasish Das, Raimond Snellings, S. K. Ghosh, Kgotlaesele Senosi, Michal Sumbera, A. A. P. Suaide, D. L. D. Keijdener, Biswarup Paul, A. M. Gago, M. Basile, A. Batista Camejo, Ranbir Singh, Y. J. Kwon, Jeremi Niedziela, Mandeep Kour, Paolo Pagano, Krzysztof Marek Sielewicz, Leonid Vinogradov, Gabor Kiss, Sonia Rajput, V. Petráček, Ruben Shahoyan, F. Carnesecchi, Janka Vrlakova, Johanna Stachel, Katarina Krizkova Gajdosova, Malgorzata Anna Janik, Boris Teyssier, Cvetan Valeriev Cheshkov, Radiy Ilkaev, Fouad Rami, L. Valencia Palomo, Nikola Poljak, Torsten Dahms, Elisa Laudi, I. Cortés Maldonado, Eric Endress, Stefan Thomas Heckel, Bedangadas Mohanty, Fatiha Lehas, H. Natal da Luz, E. G. Ferreiro, Adrian Sevcenco, I. Erdemir, L. O. D. L. Pimentel, Jeremy John Wilkinson, Agneta Oskarsson, A. Matyja, Janusz Oleniacz, Y. Berdnikov, Ana Vargas, Danthasinghe Piyarathna, I. Maldonado Cervantes, Elena Bruna, Klaus Johannes Reygers, Astrid Morreale, Antoine Xavier Lardeux, A. Zaborowska, Ganesh Jagannath Tambave, Jin-Hong Park, Henner Buesching, Erik Brücken, J. L. Charvet, David H. Evans, Diego Stocco, J. de Cuveland, Massimiliano Marchisone, Deepa Thomas, P. Rosnet, Andrey Reshetin, Sukalyan Chattopadhyay, Marcello Lunardon, J. Saini, Amalia Pop, Rachid Guernane, Chitrasen Jena, Imrich Szarka, Nicole Bastid, Ankhi Roy, Latchezar Betev, J. J. Gaardhøje, and Hongbo Zhu

Subjects
Physics, Quark, Particle physics, Large Hadron Collider, Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous), Meson, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, lcsh:Astrophysics, Jet (particle physics), 01 natural sciences, Particle identification, Charged particle, Nuclear physics, 0103 physical sciences, D meson, lcsh:QB460-466, lcsh:QC770-798, Rapidity, High Energy Physics::Experiment, lcsh:Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, 010306 general physics, Nuclear Experiment, Engineering (miscellaneous)
Abstract

The azimuthal correlations of D mesons with charged particles were measured with the ALICE apparatus in pp collisions at $${\sqrt{s}}=7~\mathrm {TeV}$$ s = 7 TeV and p–Pb collisions at $${\sqrt{{{s}}_{\scriptscriptstyle {\mathrm{NN}}}}}=5.02~\mathrm {TeV}$$ s NN = 5.02 TeV at the Large Hadron Collider. $$\mathrm{D}^{0}$$ D 0 , $${\mathrm{D}^{+}}$$ D + , and $${\mathrm{D}^{*+}}$$ D ∗ + mesons and their charge conjugates with transverse momentum $$30.3~\mathrm {GeV}/c$$ p T > 0.3 GeV / c . The yield of charged particles in the correlation peak induced by the jet containing the D meson and the peak width are compatible within uncertainties in the two collision systems. The data are described within uncertainties by Monte-Carlo simulations based on PYTHIA, POWHEG, and EPOS 3 event generators.

Published
2017

50. Less is more: Online consumer ratings' format affects purchase intentions and processing

Author

Alena Kostyk, Mihai Niculescu, and James M. Leonhardt

Subjects
Social Psychology, business.industry, media_common.quotation_subject, 05 social sciences, Metacognition, Advertising, E-commerce, Affect (psychology), 050105 experimental psychology, Test (assessment), Presentation, Empirical research, Prospect theory, 0502 economics and business, 050211 marketing, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, Marketing, business, Applied Psychology, Processing fluency, media_common
Abstract

Online customer ratings of products and services are commonplace in e-commerce; however, the format in which these ratings are presented to consumers can vary. Although not anticipated by classical models of decision making, latter models such as prospect theory and feelings-as-information theory suggest that the presentation format of online customer ratings could affect subsequent consumer decision making. In the present research, 3 empirical studies test whether online customer ratings' formats differentially affect consumer purchase intentions. The results offer support for feeling-as-information theory and suggest that online ratings presented in a mean (vs. distribution) format result in higher purchase intentions as a result of increased processing fluency. Implications for the presentation of online consumer ratings in e-commerce, based on these findings, are addressed.

Published
2017

Catalog

Books, media, physical & digital resources
See catalog results