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La miasis es una ectoparasitosis que se produce por la infestación de los tejidos y cavidades de seres humanos, así como de algunos animales domésticos y silvestres, por larvas de dípteros, generalmente moscas. Esta condición es más frecuente en áreas tropicales, aunque también puede presentarse en lugares con condiciones sanitarias deficientes. Presentamos el caso de un paciente procedente de una zona tropical, agricultor, con antecedentes de exposición a animales muertos, animales silvestres y moscas, a quien se le diagnosticó miasis cutánea de tipo forunculoide en la región escrotal sobreinfectada. El paciente recibió tratamiento con antibióticos endovenosos, una dosis única de Ivermectina oral y, a nivel local, se realizó la oclusión de los orificios con albahaca, seguida de la extracción con pinzas de 20 larvas en dos sesiones. La evolución del paciente fue satisfactoria. Consideramos que este caso constituye una contribución original, dado que la infestación genital por larvas de mosca se reporta infrecuentemente, incluso en zonas endémicas. En la literatura nacional, existen dos casos de miasis genital: uno en una mujer joven y otro en una anciana. Sin embargo, hasta donde tenemos conocimiento, no se ha reportado la presencia de miasis escrotal en el Perú.

IntroductionBreast cancer (BC) is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths among women, with triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) representing one of the most aggressive and treatment-resistant subtypes. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the antitumor potential of C14 and P8 molecules in both TNBC and radioresistant TNBC cells. These compounds were chosen for their ability to stabilize the complex formed by the overactivated form of K-Ras4BG13D and its membrane transporter (PDE6δ).MethodsThe antitumor potential of C14 and P8 was assessed using TNBC cell lines, MDA-MB-231, and the radioresistant derivative MDA-MB-231RR, both carrying the K-Ras4B> G13D mutation. We investigated the compounds' effects on K-Ras signaling pathways, cell viability, and tumor growth in vivo.ResultsWestern blotting analysis determined the negative impact of C14 and P8 on the activation of mutant K-Ras signaling pathways in MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-231RR cells. Proliferation assays demonstrated their efficacy as cytotoxic agents against K-RasG13D mutant cancer cells and in inducing apoptosis. Clonogenic assays proven their ability to inhibit TNBC and radioresistant TNBC cell clonogenicity. In In vivo studies, C14 and P8 inhibited tumor growth and reduced proliferation, angiogenesis, and cell cycle progression markers.DiscussionThese findings suggest that C14 and P8 could serve as promising adjuvant treatments for TNBC, particularly for non-responders to standard therapies. By targeting overactivated K-Ras and its membrane transporter, these compounds offer potential therapeutic benefits against TNBC, including its radioresistant form. Further research and clinical trials are warranted to validate their efficacy and safety as novel TNBC treatments.

For decades, researchers have experimented with the possibility that machines can equal human linguistic capabilities. Recently, advances in the field of natural language processing (NLP) as well as a substantial increase in available naturally occurring linguistic data on social media platforms have made more advanced methodologies such as sentiment analysis (SA) gain substantial momentum on contemporary applications. This document compiles what the authors consider to be some of the most important concepts related to SA, as well as techniques and processes necessary for the various stages of its implementation. Furthermore, specific applications related to the extraction and classification of social media data using novel SA techniques are presented and quantified, with an emphasis on those used for the identification of mental health degradation during the COVID-19 pandemic. Finally, the authors present several conclusions highlighting the most prominent benefits and drawbacks of the methods discussed, followed by a brief discussion of possible future applications of certain methods of interest.

Predicting whether patients will experience intradialytic hypotension (IDH) during hemodialysis (HD) is not an easy task. IDH is associated with multiple risk factors, meaning that traditional statistical models are unable to find the relationships that affect it. In this context, the use of models based on machine learning (ML) can allow the discovery of complex relationships, since they can solve problems without being explicitly programmed. In this work we developed, evaluated and identified an ML-based model that is capable of predicting at the beginning of the HD session whether a patient will suffer from IDH during its prolonged development. To develop the ML models, we used the hold-out and cross-validation methods; while, to evaluate the performance of the models we used the metrics F1-score, Matthews Correlation Coefficient, areas under the receiver operating characteristic (AUROC) and precision-recall curve (AUPRC). In this sense, we selected and used a reduced combination of variables from clinical records and blood analytics, which have proven to be decisive for the occurrence of IDH. The predictive results obtained through our work confirmed that the best ML model was based on the XGBoost model, achieving values of 0.969 and 0.945 for AUROC and AUPRC respectively. Therefore, our study suggests that the XGBoost model has a very high predictive capacity for the appearance of an IDH in HD patients and presents great versatility and flexibility in terms of supporting informed decision-making by medical staff.

Calloplax vivipara (Plate, 1899) se registra formalmente por primera vez en el litoral sur peruano. Cuatro ejemplares fueron encontrados en el intermareal pedregoso debajo de bloques de piedras en Islay, Arequipa, en diciembre de 2013 y octubre de 2019. Una hembra de 9.2 mm de longitud del cuerpo colectada en la primavera del 2013 presentó seis juveniles en la parte externa de la zona de inserción de los ctenidios en el surco paleal, constituyendo el primer caso de un quitón incubador en Perú.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has impacted millions of lives globally. While COVID-19 did not discriminate against developed or developing nations, it has been a significant challenge for third world countries like Honduras to have widespread availability of advanced therapies. The concept of early treatment was almost unheard of when early outpatient treatments utilizing repurposed drugs in Latin American countries began showing promising results. One such drug is fluvoxamine, which has shown tremendous potential in two major studies. As a direct result, fluvoxamine was added to the standard of care in a major medical center outpatient COVID-19 clinic.Methods: This is a prospective observational study performed at the Hospital Centro Médico Sampedrano (CEMESA) in San Pedro Sula, Cortes, Honduras in the COVID-19 outpatient clinic. All patients were at least 15 years of age who had presented with mild or moderate signs and symptoms of COVID-19, and who also had a documented positive SARS-CoV-2 antigen or Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) were included in the study. These patients then were all prescribed fluvoxamine. The cohort of patients who decided to take fluvoxamine were compared for primary endpoints of mortality and hospitalization risk to the cohort who did not take fluvoxamine. Patients were then monitored for 30 days with the first follow up at 7 days and the second follow up at 10–14 days of symptom onset. Categorical variables were compared by Pearson Chi-square test. The Relative risk was calculated using regression models. Continuous variables were compared by t-test and Wilcoxon rank-sum tests.Results: Out of total 657 COVID-19 cases, 594 patients took fluvoxamine and 63 did not take fluvoxamine. A total of five patients (0.76 percent) died, with only one death occurring in the fluvoxamine group. Patients who received fluvoxamine had a significantly lower relative risk of mortality (RR 0.06, p 0.011, 95% CI 0.007–0.516). There was a lower relative risk of hospitalization in the patients who in the fluvoxamine group. (−10 vs. 30 hospitalizations, RR 0.49, p = 0.035, 95% CI 0.26–0.95). There was 73 percent reduction in relative risk of requiring oxygen in the fluvoxamine group (RR 0.27, p < 0.001, 95% CI 0.14–0.54 Mean lymphocytes count on the first follow-up visit was significantly higher in the fluvoxamine group (1.72 vs. 1.38, Δ 0.33, p 0.007, CI 0.09–0.58).Conclusion: The results of our study suggest that fluvoxamine lowers the relative risk of death, hospitalization, and oxygen requirement in COVID 19 patients.

Las herramientas de Infraestructura como código (IaC) permiten automatizar las tareas realizadas por los departamentos de IT de forma rápida y dinámica mediante el uso de lenguajes de programación de scripts, que permiten administrar, crear, manipular y distribuir múltiples recursos informáticos a gran escala dentro de una infraestructura de Cloud Computing. Las herramientas de Infraestructura como código Ansible, Terrafom, Chef, Puppet generan una representación virtual de toda la infraestructura física y escalable de una plataforma Cloud Computing y de Centro de Datos, facilitando que esta sea programable y dinámica.

Student satisfaction is a crucial determinant of success in online education, but studies on satisfaction with virtual classes during the COVID-19 outbreak are still scarce. This research contributes empirical evidence regarding the determinants of overall satisfaction with online classes and academic performance through the domain satisfaction approach. Additionally, we introduce to the psychological literature the two-layer model, a well-known econometric methodology, to estimate the effect of domain satisfaction while controlling the impact of unobserved individual differences. Our analyses are based on a cross-sectional sample of n = 648 Chilean university students (53.4% female) surveyed at the end of the first academic semester of 2021, during the lockdown mandated by the Chilean government due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Results show that satisfaction with the support provided by the university, satisfaction with learning, and satisfaction with the perceived quality of the online classes significantly explain the 68% of the variance of satisfaction with the virtual classes experience. Furthermore, satisfaction with academic performance is significantly explained by satisfaction with grades, learning, and the perceived quality of the online classes (R2 = .65). We also explore heterogeneous effects, separating them by gender and geographic area, and find that domains that systematically impact students’ satisfaction with online education are satisfaction with grades, learning, and the quality of classes.

Currently, smart buildings generate large amounts of data due to the many devices and equipment available. Hence, buildings implement building management systems (BMSs), which monitor, control, manage and analyze each of these components. However, current BMSs are incapable of managing a massive amount of data (big data) and therefore cannot extract knowledge or make intelligent decisions in quasi real time. In addition, there are serious limitations to integrating BMSs with other services since they generally use proprietary software. In this sense, service-oriented architecture (SOA) is an architectural style that allows one to build distributed systems and provide functionalities such as services to end users or other types of services. Therefore, an SOA has the great advantage of allowing the expansion of the functionalities of BMSs. In fact, there are several studies that address SOAs for building management. However, we have not found any description or systematic analysis in the literature that allows the development of a versatile and interoperable SOA focused on the energy efficiency of buildings and that can integrate massive data analysis features. For these reasons, this study seeks to fill this knowledge gap and, more specifically, to identify and analyze the various software requirements proposed in the literature and the characteristics of big data that allow for improving the energy efficiency of buildings. To this end, we performed an in-depth review of the literature according to the methodology proposed by Kitchenham. As a result of this review, we provide researchers with a specific vision of the requirements and characteristics to consider for software development aimed at the energy efficiency of unique or historic buildings.

This article describes the design, development and implementation of a set of microservices based on an architecture that enables detection and assisted clinical diagnosis within the field of infectious diseases of elderly patients, via a telemonitoring system. The proposed system is designed to continuously update a medical database fed with vital signs from biosensor kits applied by nurses to elderly people on a daily basis. The database is hosted in the cloud and is managed by a flexible microservices software architecture. The computational paradigms of the edge and the cloud were used in the implementation of a hybrid cloud architecture in order to support versatile high-performance applications under the microservices pattern for the pre-diagnosis of infectious diseases in elderly patients. The results of an analysis of the usability of the equipment, the performance of the architecture and the service concept show that the proposed e-health system is feasible and innovative. The system components are also selected to give a cost-effective implementation for people living in disadvantaged areas. The proposed e-health system is also suitable for distributed computing, big data and NoSQL structures, thus allowing the immediate application of machine learning and AI algorithms to discover knowledge patterns from the overall population.

Abstract Right-handed neutrinos with MeV to GeV mass are very promising candidates for dark matter (DM). Not only can they solve the missing satellite puzzle, the cusp-core problem of inner DM density profiles, and the too-big-to fail problem, i.e. that the unobserved satellites are too big to not have visible stars, but they can also account for the Standard Model (SM) neutrino masses at one loop. We perform a comprehensive study of the right-handed neutrino parameter space and impose the correct observed relic density and SM neutrino mass differences and mixings. We find that the DM masses are in agreement with bounds from big-bang nucleosynthesis, but that these constraints induce sizeable DM couplings to the charged SM leptons. We then point out that previously overlooked limits from current and future lepton flavour violation experiments such as MEG and SINDRUM heavily constrain the allowed parameter space. Since the DM is leptophilic, we also investigate electron recoil as a possible direct detection signal, in particular in the XENON1T experiment. We find that despite the large coupling and low backgrounds, the energy thresholds are still too high and the predicted cross sections too low due to the heavy charged mediator, whose mass is constrained by LEP limits.

In 40–50% of colorectal cancer (CRC) cases, K-Ras gene mutations occur, which induce the expression of the K-Ras4B oncogenic isoform. K-Ras4B is transported by phosphodiesterase-6δ (PDE6δ) to the plasma membrane, where the K-Ras4B–PDE6δ complex dissociates and K-Ras4B, coupled to the plasma membrane, activates signaling pathways that favor cancer aggressiveness. Thus, the inhibition of the K-Ras4B–PDE6δ dissociation using specific small molecules could be a new strategy for the treatment of patients with CRC. This research aimed to perform a preclinical proof-of-concept and a therapeutic potential evaluation of the synthetic I-C19 and 131I-C19 compounds as inhibitors of the K-Ras4B–PDE6δ dissociation. Molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations were performed to estimate the binding affinity and the anchorage sites of I-C19 in K-Ras4B–PDE6δ. K-Ras4B signaling pathways were assessed in HCT116, LoVo and SW620 colorectal cancer cells after I-C19 treatment. Two murine colorectal cancer models were used to evaluate the I-C19 therapeutic effect. The in vivo biokinetic profiles of I-C19 and 131I-C19 and the tumor radiation dose were also estimated. The K-Ras4B–PDE6δ stabilizer, 131I-C19, was highly selective and demonstrated a cytotoxic effect ten times greater than unlabeled I-C19. I-C19 prevented K-Ras4B activation and decreased its dependent signaling pathways. The in vivo administration of I-C19 (30 mg/kg) greatly reduced tumor growth in colorectal cancer. The biokinetic profile showed renal and hepatobiliary elimination, and the highest radiation absorbed dose was delivered to the tumor (52 Gy/74 MBq). The data support the idea that 131I-C19 is a novel K-Ras4B/PDE6δ stabilizer with two functionalities: as a K-Ras4B signaling inhibitor and as a compound with radiotherapeutic activity against colorectal tumors.

El profesional en fonoaudiología identifica que la lactancia materna juega un papel determinante en la conformación estructural y funcional del sistema estomatognático; siendo la primera función que aporta información paratípica de crecimiento. Diversos autores mencionan que los movimientos de balanceo mandibular propios del amamantamiento, generan excitación sobre la articulación temporomandibular, proporcionando a la estructura estímulos paratípicos de crecimiento, generando acciones de crecimiento transversal del cráneo y la cara. Este estudio con paradigma cuantitativo, no experimental, enfocado en la búsqueda de una relación entre el tipo de lactancia o alimentación con el hábito de deglución atípica. Se utilizará como instrumento de recolección el protocolo de Evaluación Miofuncional, en sus secciones de evaluación cráneo-facial y funcional. Los resultados se centran en el análisis de la razón de momios de la prueba de regresión logística, que evidencia la existencia de un factor protector de la lactancia materna exclusiva, donde los niños que reciben lactancia artificial tienen 4,8 veces más probabilidades de presentar deglución atípica en comparación con los que reciben lactancia materna exclusiva, y 1,6 en el grupo de lactancia materna mixta, en comparación con los de lactancia exclusiva. Los aspectos preventivos de la lactancia materna exclusiva, denotan una gran importancia como abordaje de los procesos disfuncionales y parafuncionales, teniendo como sustento una regulación de las acciones fisiológicas vinculadas en principio a la alimentación inicial, que, para llevarse a cabo, necesita de estructuras anatómicas en estado óptimo, de acciones funcionales (sensitivas y motoras) efectivas y de una guía adecuada por parte del contexto.

This paper investigates the structure and composition of the social network formed on the campus of the Faculty of Economics and Business of Diego Portales University, Chile, exposing a series of characteristics that are aligned with similar research in the field of networks. We use a model of social networks formation in order to understand socioeconomic and academic factors that predict the formation of friendship between two students. Specifically, we test empirically our model, using students' administrative information. Of special interest is the impact of the length of stay of the students in the university, with which we refer to the years completed in the degree course, in the probability of establishing friendship ties where being socioeconomically different is a condition. The mechanism behind a result like this is the sense of belongingness that being part of the same institution may induce amongst students. By means of counterfactual simulations we found evidence in favor that passing through the university increases the probability of forming friendship networks, which can mean a kind of social capital, thus reducing socioeconomic segregation from the Chilean school system. Given the importance of this finding, we believe that policies that increase the sense of belongingness such as cultural events, leaderships programs, and community should be implemented on university campuses.

Our aim is to cast light on socioeconomic residential segregation effects on life satisfaction (LS). In order to test our hypothesis, we use survey data from Chile (Casen) for the years 2011 and 2013. We use the Duncan Index to measure segregation based on income at the municipality level for 324 municipalities. LS is obtained from the CASEN survey, which considers a question about self-reported well-being. Segregation’s impact upon LS is not clear at first glance. On one hand, there is evidence telling that segregation’s consequences are negative due to the spatial concentration of poverty and all the woes related to it. On the other hand, segregation would have positive effects because people may feel stress, unhappiness, and alienation when comparing themselves to better-off households. Additionally, there is previous evidence regarding the fact that people prefer to neighbor people of a similar socioeconomic background. Hence, an empirical test is needed. In order to implement it, we should deal with two problems, first, the survey limited statistical significance at the municipal level, hence we use the small area estimation (SAE) methodology to improve the estimations’ statistic properties, and second, the double causality between segregation and LS; to deal with the latter, we include lagged LS as a regressor. Our findings indicate that socioeconomic segregation has a positive effect on LS. This result is robust to different econometric specifications.

PurposeCOVID-19 pandemic has multifaceted presentations with rising evidence of immune-mediated mechanisms underplay. We sought to explore the outcomes of severe COVID-19 patients treated with a multi-mechanism approach (MMA) in addition to standard-of-care (SC) versus patients who only received SC treatment.Materials and methodsData were collected retrospectively for patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU). This observational cohort study was performed at five institutions, 3 in the United States and 2 in Honduras. Patients were stratified for MMA vs. SC treatment during ICU stay. MMA treatment consists of widely available medications started immediately upon hospitalization. These interventions target immunomodulation, anticoagulation, viral suppression, and oxygenation. Primary outcomes included in-hospital mortality and length of stay (LOS) for the index hospitalization and were measured using logistic regression.ResultsOf 86 patients admitted, 65 (76%) who had severe COVID-19 were included in the study; 30 (46%) patients were in SC group, compared with 35 (54%) patients treated with MMA group. Twelve (40%) patients in the SC group died, compared with 5 (14%) in the MMA group (p-value = 0.01, Chi squared test). After adjustment for gender, age, treatment group, Q-SOFA score, the MMA group had a mean length of stay 8.15 days, when compared with SC group with 13.55 days. ICU length of stay was reduced by a mean of 5.4 days (adjusted for a mean age of 54 years, p-value 0.03) and up to 9 days (unadjusted for mean age), with no significant reduction in overall adjusted mortality rate, where the strongest predictor of mortality was the use of mechanical ventilation.ConclusionThe finding that MMA decreases the average ICU length of stay by 5.4 days and up to 9 days in older patients suggests that implementation of this treatment protocol could allow a healthcare system to manage 60% more COVID-19 patients with the same number of ICU beds.

Con la evolución del Internet, hay una gran cantidad de información presente en la web como lo son las opiniones de los usuarios o consumidores sobre diversos contextos ya sea para expresar su conformidad o inconformidad sobre un producto o servicio recibido, así como la opinión de un artículo comprado o sobre la gestión que realiza alguna persona. Debido a la gran cantidad de opiniones, comentarios y sugerencias de los usuarios, es muy importante explorar, analizar y organizar sus puntos de vista para tomar mejores decisiones. El análisis de sentimientos es una tarea de procesamiento de lenguaje natural y extracción de información que identifica las opiniones de los usuarios explicadas en forma de comentarios positivos, negativos o neutrales. Varias técnicas pueden ser utilizadas para este fin, por ejemplo el uso de diccionarios léxicos que ha sido muy utilizada y recientemente la utilización de la inteligencia artificial específicamente algoritmos supervisados. En este documento, se propone la utilización de técnicas de algoritmos supervisados para observar su utilización y ver el rendimiento de diferentes modelos de algoritmos supervisados para medir la efectividad en la clasificación de un conjunto de datos.

Esta investigación está enfocada en los procedimientos, mecanismos y metodologías de análisis forense digital en dispositivos móviles, con la intención de contar con un manual o metodología para el manejo de evidencias digitales en estos dispositivos. Por otra parte, trataremos las herramientas de software libre y privativas utilizadas para el análisis forense de smartphones con sistemas operativos Android. Como resultado se detectaron métodos de antiforensía que impiden la adquisición de los artefactos en los teléfonos inteligentes. En consecuencia, identificados técnicas antiforensía como técnicas criptográficas empleadas por los cibercriminales para esconder sus huellas o evidencias.

Abstract Background The GTPase KRas4B has been utilized as a principal target in the development of anticancer drugs. PDE6δ transports KRas4B to the plasma membrane, where it is released to activate various signaling pathways required for the initiation and maintenance of cancer. Therefore, identifying new small molecules that prevent activation of this GTPase by stabilizing the KRas4B-PDE6δ molecular complex is a practical strategy to fight against cancer. Methods The crystal structure of the KRas4B-PDE6δ heterodimer was employed to locate possible specific binding sites at the protein-protein interface region. Virtual screening of Enamine-database compounds was performed on the located potential binding sites to identify ligands able to simultaneously bind to the KRas4B-PDE6δ heterodimer. A molecular dynamics approach was used to estimate the binding free-energy of the complex. Cell viability and apoptosis were measured by flow cytometry. G-LISA was used to measure Ras inactivation. Western blot was used to measure AKT and ERK activation. MIA PaCa-2 cells implanted subcutaneously into nude mice were treated with D14 or C22 and tumor volumes were recorded. Results According to the binding affinity estimation, D14 and C22 stabilized the protein-protein interaction in the KRas4B-PDE6δ complex based on in vitro evaluation of the 38 compounds showing antineoplastic activity against pancreatic MIA PaCa-2 cancer cells. In this work, we further investigated the antineoplastic cellular properties of two of them, termed D14 and C22, which reduced the viability in the human pancreatic cancer cells lines MIA PaCa-2, PanC-1 and BxPC-3, but not in the normal pancreatic cell line hTERT-HPNE. Compounds D14 and C22 induced cellular death via apoptosis. D14 and C22 significantly decreased Ras-GTP activity by 33% in MIA PaCa-2 cells. Moreover, D14 decreased AKT phosphorylation by 70% and ERK phosphorylation by 51%, while compound C22 reduced AKT phosphorylation by 60% and ERK phosphorylation by 36%. In addition, compounds C22 and D14 significantly reduced tumor growth by 88.6 and 65.9%, respectively, in a mouse xenograft model. Conclusions We identified two promising compounds, D14 and C22, that might be useful as therapeutic drugs for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma treatment.

Abstract Background Colorectal cancer is the third most common cancer worldwide; and in 40% of all cases, KRAS4b-activating mutations occur. KRAS4b is transported by phosphodiesterase-6δ (PDEδ) to the plasma membrane, where it gets activated. PDEδ downregulation prevents redistribution and activation of KRAS4b. Thus, targeting the KRAS4b-PDEδ complex is a treatment strategy for colorectal cancer. Methods Using docking and molecular dynamics simulations coupled to molecular mechanics, the generalized born model and solvent accessibility (MMGBSA) approach to explore protein-ligand stability, we found that the compound ((2S)-N-(2,5-diclorofenil)-2-[(3,4-dimetoxifenil)metilamino]-propanamida), termed C19, bound and stabilized the KRAS4b-PDEδ complex. We investigated whether C19 decreases the viability and proliferation of colorectal cancer cells, in addition to knowing the type of cell death that it causes and if C19 decreases the activation of KRAS4b and their effectors. Results C19 showed high cytotoxicity in the colorectal cancer cell lines HCT116 and LoVo, with a stronger effect in KRAS-dependent LoVo cells. Importantly, C19 significantly decreased tumor size in a xenograft mouse model and showed lower side effects than 5-fluorouracil that is currently used as colorectal cancer treatment. Conclusions Mechanistically, the cytotoxic effect was due to increased apoptosis of tumor cells and decreased phosphorylation of Erk and Akt. Therefore, our results suggest that C19 may serve as a promising new treatment for colorectal cancer.

ObjectivesThis research presents the design and development of a software architecture using natural language processing tools and the use of an ontology of knowledge as a knowledge base.MethodsThe software extracts, manages and represents the knowledge of a text in natural language. A corpus of more than 200 medical domain documents from the general medicine and palliative care areas was validated, demonstrating relevant knowledge elements for physicians.ResultsIndicators for precision, recall and F-measure were applied. An ontology was created called the knowledge elements of the medical domain to manipulate patient information, which can be read or accessed from any other software platform.ConclusionsThe developed software architecture extracts the medical knowledge of the clinical histories of patients from two different corpora. The architecture was validated using the metrics of information extraction systems.

El Internet de las cosas (IoT) es la nueva tendencia de dispositivos en el mercado. Esta tecnología está siendo desarrollada por múltiples fabricantes de diversas partes del mundo para solucionar problemas específicos del día a día de las personas. Sin embargo, en la actualidad se están dando muchos casos de fallas de seguridad en dispositivos IoT, en este caso en hospitales. En este escrito también se describe el IoT como un complemento al sector salud haciendo referencia a las tecnologías creadas e implementadas por distintos fabricantes. Se presentan también los distintos métodos de seguridad que los fabricantes han implementado en sus soluciones y sus productos, desde diseños de topologías alámbricas e inalámbricas, hasta seguridad perimetral estricta de capa 2 y capa 3, las cuales trabajan en conjunto con la programación segura y recomendaciones para que el usuario final realice el uso adecuado del mismo. Al final del escrito se presenta la tecnología WBAN y los riesgos que conlleva junto con el IoT si no se asegura adecuadamente, ya que podría ser crítico y pondría en riesgo la vida de los pacientes. El objetivo es implementar en nuestro sistema IoT una capa extra de seguridad informática sin depender que el fabricante la haya embebido en su producto. Dicha capa dificulta que el atacante pueda manipular nuestros equipos a su conveniencia o que pueda explotar una falla conocida en un dispositivo que pueda perjudicar la vida, salud e integridad del paciente.

Esta investigación tiene como fin, analizar las nuevas tendencias en tecnología dirigidas a mejorar la experiencia de los pasajeros; realizando un enfoque en el CRM y su aplicación en la industria de la aviación. Para esto, se brindará una descripción detallada del flujo de actividades que deben realizar los pasajeros en los aeropuertos y sus interacciones con las aerolíneas. Para este caso de estudio, se presentarán las implementaciones tecnológicas del aeropuerto de Frankfurt en Alemania. Dentro de las nuevas tendencias, se encontrarán innovaciones en sistemas, cuyo objetivo es la reducción del tiempo de viaje, brindar control en procesos de seguridad y a su vez facilitar el paso de los pasajeros a través de las terminales aeroportuarias. Por otro lado, utilizando la información obtenida a través de estas tecnologías se podrá medir, comparar y mejorar las operaciones en los diferentes aeropuertos. Así mismo, estos datos ayudaran a planificar los recursos, de una manera más precisa, con el fin de satisfacer las necesidades de los pasajeros que transiten por sus instalaciones

Mediante soluciones de identidad federada los individuos pueden emplear la misma identificación personal (típicamente usuario y contraseña) para identificarse en redes de diferentes departamentos o incluso empresas. Vinculado al concepto, OpenID es un estándar de identificación digital descentralizado, con el que un usuario puede identificarse en una página web a través de una URL (o un XRI en la versión actual) y puede ser verificado por cualquier servidor que soporte el protocolo. Por su parte, el estándar también está enfocado hacia la privacidad. Aunque puede utilizarse para acceder a múltiples sitios, no se usa el mismo identificador para todos los sitios. Como resultado, muchas compañías han implementado OpenID Connect en todo el mundo, incluyendo Google, Microsoft, Deutsche Telekom, Salesforce, Ping Identity, así como otras empresas y organizaciones.

Forecasting the energy consumption of heating, ventilating, and air conditioning systems is important for the energy efficiency and sustainability of buildings. In fact, conventional models present limitations in these systems due to their complexity and unpredictability. To overcome this, the long short-term memory-based model is employed in this work. Our objective is to develop and evaluate a model to forecast the daily energy consumption of heating, ventilating, and air conditioning systems in buildings. For this purpose, we apply a comprehensive methodology that allows us to obtain a robust, generalizable, and reliable model by tuning different parameters. The results show that the proposed model achieves a significant improvement in the coefficient of variation of root mean square error of 9.5% compared to that proposed by international agencies. We conclude that these results provide an encouraging outlook for its implementation as an intelligent service for decision making, capable of overcoming the problems of other noise-sensitive models affected by data variations and disturbances without the need for expert knowledge in the domain.

El artículo presenta un enfoque general de la cadena de suministro, la gestión de inventarios y almacenes en una organización, vinculándolo con las tecnologías, ya que ofrecen mecanismos y procedimientos que permiten controlar stock de mercancía, así como la ubicación y almacenamiento de estas que forman parte de la operación de una empresa. Se hace una revisión que clasificamos de la siguiente manera: (2) Cadena de Suministro, (3) Evolución de las TIC’S en la Logística Interna, (4) TIC’S actuales en la logística interna, (5) TIC´S logísticos verdes y (6) Caso de Estudio: VKY Logistic. En cada uno de los puntos describimos la importancia, principales características, además de incluir imágenes, y ejemplos. Se hace especial énfasis en los errores y problemas en la gestión de inventario y almacenamiento que tienen organizaciones, y en las diferentes tecnologías que conllevan un gran impacto en el desarrollo económico y organizacional, casionando que las empresas se encuentren en la vanguardia con mejores procesos y generando satisfacción a sus clientes

Este artículo busca ampliar conocimientos sobre las vulnerabilidades y riesgos que trae consigo la automatización del hogar. Para lograr este objetivo, se analizaron diferentes elementos del estándar ZigBee: el funcionamiento de ZigBee como estándar de comunicación, la topología de red, la seguridad en el estándar (llaves criptográfcas y manejo de las llaves), algunas de las vulnerabilidades que pueden ser encontradas en cada una de las capas del estándar, así como vulnerabilidades específicas propias del estándar

En este artículo se presentan las diferentes etapas de desarrollo para una distribución Linux adaptada a las necesidades de cómputo paralelo enfocada a un entorno académico y científico. Se hace especial énfasis en las metodologías de compilación cruzada y enjaulamiento root (Chroot Jail) utilizando código fuente de los paquetes GNU, permitiendo adecuar la distribución para que realice tareas de alto rendimiento como: proyectos MPI, minería de datos y de simulación enfocados en las ciencias básicas e ingenierías. Se desarrolla la distribución SpicaxOS bajo licenciamiento MIT con el propósito de demostrar las etapas que conlleva desarrollar una distribución GNU/Linux a la medida y las ventajas de ejecutar aplicaciones bajo el paradigma de la programación paralela en base a los resultados de esta investigación.

A través de los años, la logística ha sufrido importantes transformaciones no solo en términos conceptuales sino, se ha comprobado cómo ha evolucionado a lo que conocemos hoy día como e-logística, con lo cual se incorpora la utilización de una herramienta fundamental como lo es el internet. Debido a este avance, las organizaciones han determinado un cambio en su manejo de inventarios, almacenes y cadena de suministro. Dando esto como resultado las implementaciones de ciertos sistemas de apoyo como WMS, SCM, ERP y CRM. En este artículo se muestran algunos de los software más utilizados en la e-logística, además se describe un caso de estudio exitoso en la implementación de ERP, esta es en la empresa Telcon, la cual decidió realizar cambios en su estructura implementando sistemas de apoyo adaptables a sus necesidades, dando como resultado mejor desempeño en las actividades de almacenaje y distribución.

Este resumen de exploración en el contexto de CRM/ERP para PYMES, busca contar con un entendimiento de un sector que es de carácter sostenible para un país, como lo son las PYMES. Además, conocer a través de los años los constantes cambios que han surgido fortuitamente, como esta ha estado evolucionando, y se ha adaptado a los mismos, para ser rentable en el entorno competitivo de hoy. Además, cómo se identifica con la utilización de sistemas integrados de información (CRM /ERP), para una efectiva gestión en la cadena de abastecimiento (SCM) y su nivel de aplicabilidad, en el importante sector económico que cubren las pequeñas y mediana empresas. Por tal motivo, en el caso de estudio se plantean hechos concretos que ofrecen un entendimiento más verídico, de lo favorable de optar por sistemas de información de procesos, y los retornos de inversión a corto y largo plazo para las PYMES.

This article proposes a new framework for a Cloud-based eHealth platform concept focused on Cloud computing environments, since current and emerging approaches using digital clinical history increasingly demonstrate their potential in maintaining the quality of the benefits in medical care services, especially in computer-assisted clinical diagnosis within the field of infectious diseases and due to the worsening of chronic pathologies. Our objective is to evaluate and contrast the performance of the architectural patterns most commonly used for developing eHealth applications (i.e., service-oriented architecture (SOA) and microservices architecture (MSA)), using as reference the quantitative values obtained from the various performance tests and their ability to adapt to the required software attribute (i.e., versatile high-performance). Therefore, it was necessary to modify our platform to fit two architectural variants. As a follow-up to this activity, corresponding tests were performed that showed that the MSA variant functions better in terms of performance and response time compared to the SOA variant; however, it consumed significantly more bandwidth than SOA, and scalability in SOA is generally not possible or requires significant effort to be achieved. We conclude that the implementation of SOA and MSA depends on the nature and needs of organizations (e.g., performance or interoperability).

La minería de texto se basa en la extracción de nuevo conocimiento a partir de datos no estructurados en lenguaje natural. La aplicación de técnicas de minería de texto para el dominio de la medicina, en especial de la información de los registros electrónicos de salud de los pacientes de cuidados paliativos, es una de las áreas más recientes y prometedores de investigación para el análisis de datos textuales. Además podemos crear ontologías para describir la terminología y el conocimiento en un dominio dado. En una ontología se formaliza la conceptualización de un dominio que puede ser general o específico. En el trabajo proponemos un modelo para encontrar patrones de información relevante en los registros electrónicos de salud de los pacientes de las unidades de cuidados paliativos en Panamá, basados en la utilización de las fases de la minería de texto y el desarrollo de una ontología para descubrir conocimiento oculto.

En el área de la salud la aplicación de medicamentos, realización de cirugías, proyecciones sobre la dispersión de enfermedades infecciosas, estudios del cáncer y otras, características como la precisión y la exactitud son fundamentales. En los últimos años, los métodos de inteligencia artificial conocidos como métodos de aprendizaje de máquinas son cada vez más usados para lograr obtener la mayor precisión y certeza en la predicción y clasificación de datos sensibles para la comunidad médica. Actualmente el método de predicción utilizado para estimar la probabilidad de poseer la Aneuploidía conocida como síndrome de Down utiliza límites inferiores y superiores para indicar si los múltiplos de las medianas conocida como MoMs, son calculados mediante pruebas químicas y se encuentran dentro del rango de una población saludable o anormal. Utilizando estos métodos de aprendizaje de máquinas podemos calcular estos límites dinámicamente. El algoritmo determina los parámetros ajustándose a lo indicado por la misma población mejorando así precisión de la estimación. En este trabajo primero se propone un modelo para calcular dinámicamente los valores superiores e inferiores que actúan como límite para pronosticar si un paciente presenta o no esta alteración cromosómica. Segundo, el modelo es explicado e implementado y tercero, los resultados obtenidos mediante el método de máquinas de vectores de soporte y clasificadores bayesianos ingenuos son comparados para determinar cuál de los dos proporciona mejores resultados al momento de predecir el riesgo de padecer esta aneuploidía.

Background: To present the early surgical outcomes of two different surgical methods for the treatment of perineal fistula in patients with anorectal malformation. Material and Methods: Retrospective chart analysis of patients treated with any of the two surgical approaches for perineal fistula treatment during the newborn period, without a colostomy at Academic and Community Pediatric Surgery Reference Hospital during October 1st, 2015 to December 31st, 2018. Results: Twenty-six out of 57 patients of our database met inclusion criteria during the study period. 15 in the anoplasty group and 11 in the Minimal Posterior Sagittal Anorectoplasty (MPSARP); the anoplasty group had more rate of anoplasty dehiscence (4 partial, 6 total – requiring additional stitches, p = 0.027), versus zero in the MPSARP group, albeit there was 1 superficial perineal dehiscence. All surgeries were performed without a previous colostomy. There were no other surgical complications reported, and there was no difference in age, weight, sacral ratio, and associated malformations. Conclusion: Minimal PSARP can be safely done in the newborn patient with a patent perineal fistula.

The use of information technology solutions has become an innovative way to treat patients in hospitals. The creation of a framework based on the development of ontology to structure information on patients with breast cancer is developed. The main aim is to find patterns of information that can be drawn after analyzing the data using text mining techniques. The obtained knowledge can be used for decision-making by health specialists or can make the subject of research for improvement of the health care system.

Shelling’s model and its different versions predict that segregation is the unique stable equilibrium. However, cities around the world show different levels of intermingle, and it is very uncommon to observe fully segregated urban patterns even when segregation is high. We argue that individuals do not take into account only their neighbours characteristics for making a location decision. In particular, if residential segregation generates ghettos of low-skilled labourers, the societal level of production would diminish and, consequently, individuals’ level of consumption too, affecting all society members’ well-being. When agents care about the impact of segregation on their own consumptions, we prove that the set of system’s equilibria can be one containing states of residential integration. Besides, using simulations, we compare the aggregated utility related to these equilibria with the maximum level of aggregated utility. First published online: 03 Nov 2015

RhoGDI proteins have been implicated in several human cancers; changes in their expression levels have shown pro- or anti-tumorigenic effects. Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a complex pathology, with poor prognosis, and most patients die shortly after diagnosis. Efforts have been focused on understanding the role of RhoGDI's in PDAC, specially, RhoGDI1 and RhoGDI2. However, the role of RhoGDI3 has not been studied in relation to cancer or to PDAC. Here, we characterized the expression and functionality of RhoGDI3 and its target GTPases, RhoG and RhoB in pancreatic cell lines from both normal pancreatic tissue and tissue in late stages of PDAC, and compared them to human biopsies. Through immunofluorescences, pulldown assays and subcellular fractionation, we found a reduction in RhoGDI3 expression in the late stages of PDAC, and this reduction correlates with tumor progression and aggressiveness. Despite the reduction in the expression of RhoGDI3 in PDAC, we found that RhoB was underexpressed while RhoG was overexpressed, suggesting that cancerous cells preserve their capacity to activate this pathway, thus these cells may be more eager to response to the stimuli needed to proliferate and become invasive unlike normal cells. Surprisingly, we found nuclear localization of RhoGDI3 in non-cancerous pancreatic cell line and normal pancreatic tissue biopsies, which could open the possibility of novel nuclear functions for this protein, impacting gene expression regulation and cellular homeostasis.

La plataforma de trabajo Android incluye, un sistema operativo, un middleware y un conjunto de aplicaciones clave. La incorporación de servicios de acceso integrados a internet en estos dispositivos móviles, sin embargo, aumenta la exposición a los daños causados por varios tipos de malware. Este documento, muestra las más importantes partes que componen la anatomía de una aplicación sobre el sistema operativo Android, el comportamiento y función de cada una de ellas y la importancia que tiene la estructura interna de Android, la cual, lo ha convertido en una plataforma, confiable, segura y flexible frente a las necesidades del mercado actual.

La siguiente monografía es un compendio de información reciente sobre la tecnología CUDA de procesamiento paralelo en la GPU, para uso computacional en general, descripción de la misma, como también algunas aplicaciones.

Este trabajo investiga los incentivos que tienen organismos autorregulados (OA) para una regulación de calidad efectiva. Se plantea un análisis de agencia, según el cual dentro del OA existe un principal encargado de vigilar el cumplimiento de los estándares de calidad por parte de los miembros del OA (agentes), y de denunciar a quienes no lo hagan. La motivación para esta actividad regulatoria es reputacional, dado un contexto de información asimétrica entre el OA y los consumidores: estos no pueden observar la calidad de los bienes provistos por el OA. Así, la calidad surge endógenamente a partir de la interacción estratégica entre agente y principal. El presente trabajo analiza cómo la posibilidad de corrupción afecta los incentivos de un esquema de autorregulación (AR). Corrupción significa que los agentes sorprendidos cometiendo fraude (incumplimiento de estándares de calidad) pagan un soborno para evitar ser castigados. El principal resultado encontrado es que el equilibrio más probable es aquel en donde existe un mayor fraude que en el caso de un modelo sin corrupción, y además existe cobertura de fraude e impunidad.

La narrativa del fracaso es un concepto en elaboración que designa la lectura crítica de la novelística peruana más reciente, cuya temática se estructura en torno a la violencia política ocurrida en nuestro país en el periodo 1980-2000. Se la conceptualiza como narrativa del fracaso básicamente por dos razones. Por un lado, porque la colisión ideológica que desemboca en la guerra interna manifiesta el punto máximo de desentendimiento e incomprensión de los núcleos afirmativos de las distintas voces involucradas en la propuesta global de un proyecto de nación para el Perú. Por otro lado, porque la rigidez de las posturas ideológicas se orienta hacia una mentalidad cada vez más bélica que pretende suprimir la otredad e imperar sobre ella de un modo uniforme y hegemónico en un contexto de diversidades (culturales, lingüísticas e identitarias, etc.). La literatura en estudio ilustra hasta qué punto las propuestas “oficiales” de construcción que emergen en dicho periodo se tergiversan en propuestas destructoras que, pese a su oposición, terminan coincidiendo en la justificación de un ethos bélico. Con todo, esta narrativa da cuenta de una serie de perspectivas y vivencias de distintos actores sociales y, asimismo, posibilita la revisión crítica de las coordenadas sociales y culturales en nuestro país. La novela del fracaso da cuenta del accionar negativo de los actores sociales más importantes de la nación, los cuales confluyeron en el desencadenamiento de la guerra interna y tuvieron incidencia en el desastre social en que fue sumido el Perú en el periodo bajo estudio.