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This research employed stable isotope analysis to investigate the migratory patterns and geographic origins of Eleonora's falcon (Falco eleonorae) and its associated prey species within the Galite Archipelago of Tunisia. Feathers collected from both juvenile and adult falcons along with their prey were analyzed for deuterium isotopic composition using the IsoriX package in R, which facilitated geographic assignment based on stable isotope ratios. The results demonstrated no significant difference in deuterium values (d2H) between adult and juvenile individuals of Eleonora's falcon, indicating a lack of geographic variation in molting locations among different age groups. However, the isotopic data for adult falcons yielded unexpected results, suggesting origins close to the sampling site, which contradicted the anticipated patterns of migration to distant wintering grounds. Furthermore, this study successfully mapped the origins of various prey species, indicating a broad geographic intake ranging from the Mediterranean to southern Scandinavia. These findings highlight the complexity of migratory behaviors in predatory birds and underscore the efficacy of stable isotope analysis as a tool for ecological research in avian migration studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ABSTRACT Toxoplasma gondii (Nicolle & Manceaux, 1908) is a highly prevalent zoonotic protozoan parasite found globally in various bird and mammal species, including humans. Migratory birds play an important epidemiological role by facilitating the spread of pathogens, including T. gondii, to new regions. Armenia is particularly significant in this context being located at the crossroads of three global migration flyways; however, research on T. gondii infection in wild birds in this region has not been previously conducted. This study marks the first molecular detection of active T. gondii infection in the blood of wild birds, assessing the prevalence associated with the risk factors such as age, sex, migratory status, and feeding habits of birds. Research was carried out in the Megri Region of Syunik Province in 2013, 2014, and 2018 in the breeding season. The presence of parasite in 116 Passerines was determined using PCR with specific primers derived from the RE gene with mean prevalence of T. gondii in 12%. The highest infection rates were observed in Upcher’s Warbler, Hippolais languida (Hemprich & Ehrenberg, 1833), at 36% (4 out of 11), Eastern Black-eared Wheatear, Oenanthe melanoleuca (Guldenstadt, 1775), at 33% (2 out of 6), and Eastern Orphean Warbler, Curruca crassirostris (Bates, 1936), at 19% (5 out of 27). Long-distance migrants exhibited a higher frequency of T. gondii occurrence compared to resident birds (χ2 = 7.11, DF = 2, p = 0.029). The infection rates did not show a dependence on the sex or age of the birds. The relationship between infection and feeding behavior in local toxoplasmosis distribution remains unclear, necessitating further research with new methodologies, additional animal species, broader geographic coverage, and larger sample sizes.

Abstract Background Acoustic telemetry has become a fundamental tool to monitor the movement of aquatic species. Advances in technology, in particular the development of batteries with lives of > 10 years, have increased our ability to track the long-term movement patterns of many species. However, logistics and financial constraints often dictate the locations and deployment duration of acoustic receivers. Consequently, there is often a compromise between optimal array design and affordability. Such constraints can hinder the ability to track marine animals over large spatial and temporal scales. Continental-scale receiver networks have increased the ability to study large-scale movements, but significant gaps in coverage often remain. Methods Since 2007, the Integrated Marine Observing System’s Animal Tracking Facility (IMOS ATF) has maintained permanent receiver installations on the eastern Australian seaboard. In this study, we present the recent enhancement of the IMOS ATF acoustic tracking infrastructure in Queensland to collect data on large-scale movements of marine species in the northeast extent of the national array. Securing a relatively small initial investment for expanding receiver deployment and tagging activities in Queensland served as a catalyst, bringing together a diverse group of stakeholders (research institutes, universities, government departments, port corporations, industries, Indigenous ranger groups and tourism operators) to create an extensive collaborative network that could sustain the extended receiver coverage into the future. To fill gaps between existing installations and maximise the monitoring footprint, the new initiative has an atypical design, deploying many single receivers spread across 2,100 km of Queensland waters. Results The approach revealed previously unknown broad-scale movements for some species and highlights that clusters of receivers are not always required to enhance data collection. However, array designs using predominantly single receiver deployments are more vulnerable to data gaps when receivers are lost or fail, and therefore “redundancy” is a critical consideration when designing this type of array. Conclusion Initial results suggest that our array enhancement, if sustained over many years, will uncover a range of previously unknown movements that will assist in addressing ecological, fisheries, and conservation questions for multiple species.

Background: Acoustic telemetry has become a fundamental tool to monitor the movement of aquatic species. Advances in technology, in particular the development of batteries with lives of > 10 years, have increased our ability to track the long-term movement patterns of many species. However, logistics and financial constraints often dictate the locations and deployment duration of acoustic receivers. Consequently, there is often a compromise between optimal array design and affordability. Such constraints can hinder the ability to track marine animals over large spatial and temporal scales. Continental-scale receiver networks have increased the ability to study large-scale movements, but significant gaps in coverage often remain. Methods: Since 2007, the Integrated Marine Observing System's Animal Tracking Facility (IMOS ATF) has maintained permanent receiver installations on the eastern Australian seaboard. In this study, we present the recent enhancement of the IMOS ATF acoustic tracking infrastructure in Queensland to collect data on large-scale movements of marine species in the northeast extent of the national array. Securing a relatively small initial investment for expanding receiver deployment and tagging activities in Queensland served as a catalyst, bringing together a diverse group of stakeholders (research institutes, universities, government departments, port corporations, industries, Indigenous ranger groups and tourism operators) to create an extensive collaborative network that could sustain the extended receiver coverage into the future. To fill gaps between existing installations and maximise the monitoring footprint, the new initiative has an atypical design, deploying many single receivers spread across 2,100 km of Queensland waters. Results: The approach revealed previously unknown broad-scale movements for some species and highlights that clusters of receivers are not always required to enhance data collection. However, array designs using predominantly single receiver deployments are more vulnerable to data gaps when receivers are lost or fail, and therefore "redundancy" is a critical consideration when designing this type of array. Conclusion: Initial results suggest that our array enhancement, if sustained over many years, will uncover a range of previously unknown movements that will assist in addressing ecological, fisheries, and conservation questions for multiple species. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista de Biologia Marina y Oceanografía (RBMO) is the property of Universidad de Valparaiso, Facultad de Ciencias del Mar and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The basic aim of the paper is the analysis of the changes in migratory patterns of village youth on the basis of the results of the longitudinal research conducted in the village of Kać in 1999 and 2021 respectively. In both research studies the same questionnaire was used for data comparability. In the ongoing 2021 research, whose preliminary results will be presented in this paper, we have added a few items due to the presupposition that there are changes in the migratory patterns of village youth. Namely, the basic presupposition is that the difference in the migratory patterns of village youth is primarily reflected in the changes of the desired target place or target country, i.e. that a larger number of young people want to go abroad today that twenty years ago, when larger cities in Serbia were favoured. Another presupposition is that pull and push factors have remained the same to a great extent. The analysis of the results indicates that external migrations, i.e. going abroad, are more appealing than in the first research period in 1999, when Novi Sad was the most desirable migration destination. However, the analysis of pull and push factors in both research studies offers almost identical results, where the poor financial situation and the failure to find any job or a job in their own profession are the main rejection factors among the village youth even twenty years later.

Bats are volant and highly mobile mammals that could cover up to 2000 km seasonally (one-way migration). But the level of mobility among different roosts sites in a breeding season, and among breeding areas and hibernation sites is poorly studied. With this communication, we aimed to present results of recaptures (51 cases with a distance of 0.5 km and more) of bats ringed in Kharkiv Region, Ukraine, from 2006 to 2018. The recaptures were obtained of three main study areas (NNP “Homilsha Forests” — 17 cases, Izium District — 5, Kharkiv City and surroundings — 27) and at two other localities of the Kharkiv Region. One recapture was obtained in Lugansk Region. The recaptures were received for five bat species (Nyctalus noctula — 35, Myotis daubentonii — 11, Eptesicus serotinus — 1, Pipistrellus nathusii — 1 and Pipistrellus pygmaeus — 3). The maximum distances were obtained to different species as follow N. noctula — 209.7 km, M. daubentonii — 24.8, E. serotinus — 14.5 km, P. nathusii — 1.1 km and P. pygmaeus — 1.2 km. For the first time, we confirmed that N. noctula that were born in forested areas of Kharkiv City surroundings moved to the built-up area of the city for hibernation. It is the first direct evidence of the existence of the resident population of this species in Ukraine.

Copyright of Socioloski Pregled is the property of Srpsko Sociolosko Drustvo and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Estudios Demográficos y Urbanos is the property of El Colegio de Mexico AC and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Hydroclimatic variability is one of the main factors that drives inter-annual changes in fish migration patterns. This study analyses the relationship between climate-oceanographic factors and migration of the Atlantic pomfret ( Brama brama) in NE Atlantic waters. Geo-referenced catch data from logbooks of longliners operating in European Atlantic waters from 2002 to 2013 were linked to environmental indices at different temporal and spatial scales. Our results point to a strong influence of temperature at 200 m depth as the key factor along with the upwelling in the Galician ( NW Iberian) waters. However, sea surface temperature ( SST) indirectly affects the geographical display of Atlantic pomfret migration, and large migrations are observed in scenarios of high SSTs in the migratory area ( c. above 14.7°C). Migrations are constrained during years when temperatures are below this threshold. A longer time-series of annual landings (1950-2013) supports this evidence and highlights the significant influence of temperature at 200-m depth along with the landings of the previous year. Length frequency distributions suggest an increase in size between consecutive seasons supporting the hypothesis that migration is a feeding strategy and a return to tropical waters of origin for spawning. Our study shows that the temperature of intermediate waters is a key variable in determining the northward migration of the Atlantic pomfret whereas density-dependence and surface climatic conditions trigger secondary effects on the migration pattern of this species. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

While a common species throughout most of the United States, little is known on the migration habits of Red-tailed Hawks ( Buteo jamaicensis). From 1999-2002, we tracked 16 adult Red-tailed Hawks from their breeding grounds in northwest Wyoming using Argos PTT transmitters. Our objectives were to identify dates and duration of migratory movements, stopover sites, and identify migration routes and wintering areas. We found the mean migration initiation date from the breeding area was 13 October, mean fall migration duration including stopovers was 23.3 days, mean distance of fall migration was 2489.6 km, and mean end date of fall migration was 5 November. Wintering locations were in Mexico and ranged from the southern Mexican state of Chiapas north to Sonora and Chihuahua. The mean number of days spent on the wintering grounds by tracked hawks was 133.1. The mean departure date from wintering grounds to breeding areas was 17 March, mean spring migration duration including stopovers was 22.1 days, mean end date of spring migration was 8 April, and mean distance of spring migration was 2 490.3 km. Most birds made stopovers during both fall and spring migration which varied in location and duration. Using satellite telemetry, we identified wintering locations of Red-tailed Hawks breeding in northwest Wyoming and confirmed a leapfrog migration pattern with no concentrated migration routes from the breeding area to non-breeding areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We studied the Lesser Elaenia (Elaenia chiriquensis) to understand temporal patterns of occurrence and breeding of an intratropical migrant in a highly seasonal savanna (Cerrado). We tested the hypotheses that: (1) occurrence of the Lesser Elaenia in breeding areas is long, as expected for a migrant breeding in the Neotropics. and (2) the breeding period is also lenglhy, as the breeding window increases in tropical latitudes. We recorded the abundance of individuals (n = 5.603 records) and nests (n = 502) during three breeding seasons (2005-2007). The Lesser Elaenia occurred in the study area during a 4.5-month period (between Aug and Dec = 132 days), but was abundant during a shorter period (105 days). An interval of 2.5 months (77 days) occurred between the First and last egg-laying dates, concentrated in a shorter interval (63 days). The occurrence period of the Lesser Elaenia in the Cerrado was one of the shortest recorded for a neotropical migratory flycatcher and was most similar to other congeneric species that breed at higher latitudes. The breeding period in this tropical seasonal environment may be intermediary between the humid tropics and the south temperate region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Knowledge about the creation of human being, its first place of settlement and subsequent geographical migratory patterns are controversial. Scientific and religious scholars commonly agree on the genesis of life in the sea water. In past, the entire globe had been submerged under the sea water multiple number of times. This used to be followed by re-immerging of earth with evolutions in biologic forms and creation of new human generations, settlements and migrations. Indus valley is a crucial place from migratory patterns of population, coming from other places around the world which got settled here and vice versa. We hypothesize that there is a genetic-link between inhabitants of many global areas with those of Indus Valley and vice versa. This aspect helps to understand that races at global level share genealogies. The ultimate genetic makeup of individuals would be subjected to environmental and local geographical factors to generate the further genetic traits of some kind. Indus valley civilization had contributed towards beneficial genetic traits. The Arians (civilized) are mistaken for belonging to north but they have actual origin from the Indus Valley. In fact, this population first started to migrate from Indus Valley northwards in globe, stayed there for multiple millenniums and on re-migrating back to the Indus Valley got labeled as Arians. The Mirjats of Sindh possess their migrated version called Gypsies presently settled in Europe etc. Subcontinent had given clans to Arabian areas and got some of them back to Sindh in historical past. There is an admixture of genealogy from multiple European Races and other global areas to Indus region and vice versa. Marital pattern had been subjected not only to the influence of religion but also to the social and economic status and physical look. Such relations result in exchange of genetic material among far-flung areas and countries around the world. One of the ways to understand the global genetic relations is to read the script of ancient languages. It is highly imperative that the scriptures obtained from ruins of Mohen-jo-Daro etc. should be read as done elsewhere in the world to explore linkages of civilizations and genealogies at global level. The findings of such linkage can be subjected to further analysis and confirmation by the scientific methods by using DNA based genetic linkage studies for various world nations. Such studies will reduce international conflicts and make the world a better global home. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents a study on the decrease of African American who practice dentistry in Cuyahoga County, Ohio. It states that health disparities in the U.S. were caused by some patients who choose dentist of same race and ethnicity. It reveals that lack of African American dentists were entering Cuyahoga County that causes problems in the assessment of oral healthcare.

Migration is a critical period in a bird’s life that can affect the fitness of individuals. Intra-population migratory patterns and the way different sex and/or age classes within a population differ in timing and/or distance of migration are not completely understood. The present study aims to observe inter- and intra-population migratory patterns in the western population of Lesser Black-backed Gulls ( Larus fuscus spp.), shedding light on age-related differences of temporal patterns of occurrence in the Portuguese coastal areas during migration and winter. One thousand seven hundred and fifty-four colour ring records were analysed matching a 30-year period of observations on the Portuguese coast between 1975 and 2005. During migration, the graellsii population represents 90% of the migratory flow of L. fuscus through Portugal with the intermedius accounting for 9% and the fuscus population, being vestigial in this period, accounting for 1%. Nevertheless, interesting significant differences were observed between the age classes of the three populations during this period, the graellsii population having a large number of first winters (40% of the migratory contingent of this population) followed by immatures and adults whilst in the intermedius and fuscus populations, the largest age class is the adults. During winter, no inter-population differences were found. When comparing migration and winter periods, intra-population differences were found in the graellsii and fuscus populations regarding distribution and age classes. These results indicate different migratory routes amongst different populations suggesting a leapfrog migration in L. fuscus and also a differential age-related migration pattern that might result from first winters migrating further south in search of a wintering place since adults heavily occupy the closest wintering quarters in their attempt to arrive earlier at their breeding ground. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Politica y Sociedad is the property of Universidad Complutense de Madrid and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Presents the abstracts of several studies on planning. "The Rise (and Decline) of American Regional Science: Lessons for the New Economic Geography?," by Trevor J. Barnes; "Contesting Visions: Hybridity, Liminality and Authorship of the Chandigarh Plan," by Nihal Perera; "Waiting for Geography," by Marcus A. Doel.

Spawning striped bass in the Shubenacadie watershed of Nova Scotia, Canada exhibit three dorsal coloration patterns: green, indicative of fish from the ocean; black, indicative of fish that overwinter in a fresh headwater lake, and mottled fish of unknown origin. Microchemical analysis of growth rings in fish otoliths (calcareous particles found in the inner ear of certain lower vertebrates), measured by laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma/mass spectrometry (LA-ICP/MS), from fish captured during the 1999 Shubenacadie spawning period were analyzed by Tucker-3 multi-way principal component models. Using this technique, multidimensional patterns were discovered in the trace element measurements indicating that migratory patterns of individual striped bass can be tracked from the time-dependent trace element record deposited in the otoliths. Of the nine fish analyzed by LA-ICP/MS, trace element composition at year 0 suggested that all nine fish originated from the same locale. Differentiation in the trace element record was observed in subsequent years. Clustering of the trace element data for six fish unambiguously coincided with dorsal coloration. The three remaining fish exhibited trace element patterns that suggested migration between freshwater and marine conditions at one or more periods during life. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]