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1. Correlation Between TCRV Gene Usage and Antigen Specificities in Human γδ T Cells

Author

De Libero, G., Casorati, G., Migone, N., Lanzavecchia, A., Compans, R. W., editor, Cooper, M., editor, Koprowski, H., editor, McConnell, I., editor, Melchers, F., editor, Nussenzweig, V., editor, Oldstone, M., editor, Olsnes, S., editor, Potter, M., editor, Saedler, H., editor, Vogt, P. K., editor, Wagner, H., editor, Wilson, I., editor, Pfeffer, Klaus, editor, Heeg, Klaus, editor, Wagner, Hermann, editor, and Riethmüller, Gert, editor

Published
1991
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4. A novel family with Lamin B1 duplication associated with adult-onset leucoencephalopathy

Author

Brussino, A., Vaula, G., Cagnoli, C., Mauro, A., Pradotto, L., Daniele, D., Di Gregorio, E., Barberis, M., Arduino, C., Squadrone, S., Abete, M.C., Migone, N., Calabrese, O., and Brusco, A.

Subjects
Encephalopathy -- Research, Encephalopathy -- Genetic aspects, Gene mutations -- Research, Gene mutations -- Physiological aspects, Health, Psychology and mental health
Published
2009

6. Comparison of the functional and structural characteristics of rare TSC2 variants with clinical and genetic findings

Author

Dufner de Almeida, Luiz, Nanhoe, Santoesha, Zonta, A, Hosseinzadeh, M, Kom-Gortat, RP (Regina), Elfferich, Peter, Schaaf, Gerben, Kenter, Annegien, Kümmel, D, Migone, N, Povey, S, Ekong, R, Nellist, Mark, Dufner de Almeida, Luiz, Nanhoe, Santoesha, Zonta, A, Hosseinzadeh, M, Kom-Gortat, RP (Regina), Elfferich, Peter, Schaaf, Gerben, Kenter, Annegien, Kümmel, D, Migone, N, Povey, S, Ekong, R, and Nellist, Mark

Published
2020

8. Low-frequency variation in TP53 has large effects on head circumference and intracranial volume

Author

Haworth, S, Shapland, CY, Hayward, C, Prins, BP, Felix, JF, Medina-Gomez, C, Rivadeneira, F, Wang, C, Ahluwalia, TS, Vrijheid, M, Guxens, M, Sunyer, J, Tachmazidou, I, Walter, K, Iotchkova, V, Jackson, A, Cleal, L, Huffmann, J, Min, JL, Sass, L, Timmers, PRHJ, Al Turki, S, Anderson, CA, Anney, R, Antony, D, Artigas, MS, Ayub, M, Bala, S, Barrett, JC, Barroso, I, Beales, P, Bentham, J, Bhattacharya, S, Birney, E, Blackwood, D, Bobrow, M, Bochukova, E, Bolton, PF, Bounds, R, Boustred, C, Breen, G, Calissano, M, Carss, K, Charlton, R, Chatterjee, K, Chen, L, Ciampi, A, Cirak, S, Clapham, P, Clement, G, Coates, G, Cocca, M, Collier, DA, Cosgrove, C, Cox, T, Craddock, N, Crooks, L, Curran, S, Curtis, D, Daly, A, Danecek, P, Day, INM, Day-Williams, A, Dominiczak, A, Down, T, Du, Y, Dunham, I, Durbin, R, Edkins, S, Ekong, R, Ellis, P, Evans, DM, Farooqi, IS, Fitzpatrick, DR, Flicek, P, Floyd, J, Foley, AR, Franklin, CS, Futema, M, Gallagher, L, Gaunt, TR, Geihs, M, Geschwind, D, Greenwood, CMT, Griffin, H, Grozeva, D, Guo, X, Gurling, H, Hart, D, Hendricks, AE, Holmans, P, Howie, B, Huang, J, Huang, L, Hubbard, T, Humphries, SE, Hurles, ME, Hysi, P, Jackson, DK, Jamshidi, Y, Joyce, C, Karczewski, KJ, Kaye, J, Keane, T, Kemp, JP, Kennedy, K, Kent, A, Keogh, J, Khawaja, F, van Kogelenberg, M, Kolb-Kokocinski, A, Lachance, G, Langford, C, Lawson, D, Lee, I, Lek, M, Li, R, Li, Y, Liang, J, Lin, H, Liu, R, Lonnqvist, J, Lopes, LR, Lopes, M, MacArthur, DG, Mangino, M, Marchini, J, Marenne, G, Maslen, J, Mathieson, I, McCarthy, S, McGuffin, P, McIntosh, AM, McKechanie, AG, McQuillin, A, Memari, Y, Metrustry, S, Migone, N, Mitchison, HM, Moayyeri, A, Morris, A, Morris, J, Muddyman, D, Muntoni, F, Northstone, K, O'Donovan, MC, O'Rahilly, S, Onoufriadis, A, Oualkacha, K, Owen, MJ, Palotie, A, Panoutsopoulou, K, Parker, V, Parr, JR, Paternoster, L, Paunio, T, Payne, F, Payne, SJ, Perry, JRB, Pietilainen, O, Plagnol, V, Pollitt, RC, Porteous, DJ, Povey, S, Quail, MA, Quaye, L, Raymond, FL, Rehnstrom, K, Richards, JB, Ridout, CK, Ring, S, Ritchie, GRS, Roberts, N, Robinson, RL, Savage, DB, Scambler, P, Schiffels, S, Schmidts, M, Schoenmakers, N, Scott, RH, Semple, RK, Serra, E, Sharp, SI, Shaw, A, Shihab, HA, Shin, S-Y, Skuse, D, Small, KS, Smee, C, Smith, BH, Soranzo, N, Southam, L, Spasic-Boskovic, O, Spector, TD, St Clair, D, Stalker, J, Stevens, E, Sun, J, Surdulescu, G, Suvisaari, J, Syrris, P, Taylor, R, Tian, J, Tobin, MD, Valdes, AM, Vandersteen, AM, Vijayarangakannan, P, Visscher, PM, Wain, LV, Walters, JTR, Wang, G, Wang, J, Wang, Y, Ward, K, Wheeler, E, Whyte, T, Williams, HJ, Williamson, KA, Wilson, C, Wilson, SG, Wong, K, Xu, C, Yang, J, Zhang, F, Zhang, P, Zheng, H-F, Smith, GD, Fisher, SE, Wilson, JF, Cole, TJ, Fernandez-Orth, D, Bonnelykke, K, Bisgaard, H, Pennell, CE, Jaddoe, VWV, Dedoussis, G, Timpson, N, Zeggini, E, Vitart, V, St Pourcain, B, UK10K Consortium, Epidemiology, Erasmus MC other, Pediatrics, Internal Medicine, and Child and Adolescent Psychiatry / Psychology

Abstract

Cranial growth and development is a complex process which affects the closely related traits of head circumference (HC) and intracranial volume (ICV). The underlying genetic influences shaping these traits during the transition from childhood to adulthood are little understood, but might include both age-specific genetic factors and low-frequency genetic variation. Here, we model the developmental genetic architecture of HC, showing this is genetically stable and correlated with genetic determinants of ICV. Investigating up to 46,000 children and adults of European descent, we identify association with final HC and/or final ICV + HC at 9 novel common and low-frequency loci, illustrating that genetic variation from a wide allele frequency spectrum contributes to cranial growth. The largest effects are reported for low-frequency variants within TP53, with 0.5 cm wider heads in increaser-allele carriers versus non-carriers during mid-childhood, suggesting a previously unrecognized role of TP53 transcripts in human cranial development.

Published
2019

13. Comparison of the functional and structural characteristics of rare TSC2 variants with clinical and genetic findings

Author

Dufner de Almeida, L.G. (Luiz), Nanhoe, S. (Santoesha), Zonta, A. (Andrea), Hosseinzadeh, M. (Mitra), Kom-Gortat, R. (Regina), Elfferich, P.C., Schaaf, G. (Gerben), Kenter, A.T. (Annegien), Kümmel, D. (Daniel), Migone, N. (Nicola), Povey, S. (Sue), Ekong, R. (Rosemary), Nellist, M.D. (Mark), Dufner de Almeida, L.G. (Luiz), Nanhoe, S. (Santoesha), Zonta, A. (Andrea), Hosseinzadeh, M. (Mitra), Kom-Gortat, R. (Regina), Elfferich, P.C., Schaaf, G. (Gerben), Kenter, A.T. (Annegien), Kümmel, D. (Daniel), Migone, N. (Nicola), Povey, S. (Sue), Ekong, R. (Rosemary), and Nellist, M.D. (Mark)

Abstract

The TSC1 and TSC2 gene products interact to form the tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC), an important negative regulator of the mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (TORC1). Inactivating mutations in TSC1 or TSC2 cause TSC, and the identification of a pathogenic TSC1 or TSC2 variant helps establish a diagnosis of TSC. However, it is not always clear whether TSC1 and TSC2 variants are inactivating. To determine whether TSC1 and TSC2 variants of uncertain clinical significance affect TSC complex function and cause TSC, in vitro assays of TORC1 activity can be employed. Here we combine genetic, functional, and structural approaches to try and classify a series of 15 TSC2 VUS. We investigated the effects of the variants on the formation of the TSC complex, on TORC1 activity and on TSC2 pre-mRNA splicing. In 13 cases (87%), the functional data supported the hypothesis that the identified TSC2 variant caused TSC. Our results illustrate the benefits and limitations of functional testing for TSC.

Published
2019
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14. Low-frequency variation in TP53 has large effects on head circumference and intracranial volume

Author

Haworth, S., Shapland, C.Y., Hayward, C. (Caroline), Prins, B.P. (Bram), Felix, J.F. (Janine), Medina-Gomez, M.C. (Carolina), Rivadeneira Ramirez, F. (Fernando), Wang, C., Ahluwalia, TS, Vrijheid, M. (Martine), Guxens Junyent, M. (Mònica), Sunyer, J. (Jordi), Tachmazidou, I, Walter, K., Iotchkova, V, Jackson, A.U. (Anne), Cleal, L., Huffmann, J., Min, J. (Josine), Sass, L., Timmers, P, Al Turki, S., Anderson, CA, Anney, R. (Richard), Antony, D, Soler Artigas, M. (Maria), Ayub, M, Bala, S, Barrett, JC, Barroso, I.E. (Inês), Beales, P., Bentham, J, Bhattacharya, S. (Shoumo), Birney, E. (Ewan), Blackwood, D, Bobrow, M, Bochukova, E, Bolton, PF, Bounds, R, Boustred, C, Breen, G. (Gerome), Calissano, M, Carss, K, Charlton, R, Chatterjee, K. (Krishna), Chen, L. (Leslie), Ciampi, A. (Antonio), Cirak, S, Clapham, P, Clement, G, Coates, G, Cocca, M, Collier, D.A. (David), Cosgrove, C, Cox, T. (Tessa), Craddock, N.J. (Nick), Crooks, L, Curran, S, Curtis, D. (David), Daly, A, Danecek, P, Day, I.N.M. (Ian), Day-Williams, A, Dominiczak, A. (Anna), Down, T, Li, Y. (Yingrui), Dunham, D.M. (David), Durbin, R, Edkins, T. (Ted), Ekong, R. (Rosemary), Ellis, P. (Paul), Evans, D.M. (David), Farooqi, I.S. (Sadaf), Fitzpatrick, D.R. (David), Flicek, P, Floyd, J. (Jamie), Foley, AR, Franklin, C.S. (Christopher), Futema, M, Gallagher, L. (Louise), Gaunt, T.R. (Tom), Geihs, M, Geschwind, D., Greenwood, J.P. (John), Griffin, H, Grozeva, D. (Detelina), Guo, X.S., Guo, X. (Xiuqing), Gurling, H. (Hugh), Hart, D.J. (Deborah), Hendricks, AE, Holmans, P.A. (Peter), Howie, B, Huang, J. (Jian), Huang, L.R., Hubbard, T., Humphries, S.E. (Steve), Hurles, M.E. (Matthew), Hysi, P.G. (Pirro), Jackson, DK, Jamshidi, Y. (Yalda), Joyce, C, Karczewski, KJ, Kaye, J. (Jane), Keane, T, Kemp, J.P., Kennedy, K. (Karen), Kent, A. (Alistair), Keogh, J, Khawaja, F, van Kogelenberg, M., Kolb-Kokocinski, A, Lachance, G, Langford, C. (Cordelia), Lawson, D, Lee, I. van der, Lek, M, Li, R. (Rui), Li, Y.R. (Yun), Liang, J.Q., Lin, H., Liu, R, Lonnqvist, J, Lopes, LR, Lopes, M., MacArthur, DG, Mangino, M. (Massimo), Marchini, J. (Jonathan), Marenne, G., Maslen, J., Mathieson, I. (Iain), McCarthy, S. (Sean), Mcguffin, P. (Peter), Mcintosh, A.M. (Andrew), McKechanie, AG, McQuillin, A. (Andrew), Memari, Y, Metrustry, S. (Sarah), Migone, N, Mitchison, H.M. (Hannah), Moayyeri, A. (Alireza), Morris, A.D. (Andrew), Morris, J, Muddyman, D, Muntoni, F., Northstone, K. (Kate), O'Donovan, M. (Michael), O'Rahilly, S. (Stephen), Onoufriadis, A, Oualkacha, K., Owen, M.J., Palotie, A. (Aarno), Panoutsopoulou, K, Parker, V., Parr, D., Paternoster, L. (Lavinia), Paunio, T, Payne, F. (Felicity), Payne, SJ, Perry, J.B. (John), Pietiläinen, O.P.H. (Olli), Plagnol, V, Pollitt, RC, Porteous, D.J. (David J.), Povey, S. (Sue), Quail, MA, Quaye, L. (Lydia), Raymond, FL, Rehnström, K. (Karola), Richards, J.B. (Brent), Ridout, CK, Ring, S.M. (Susan), Ritchie, GRS, Roberts, N. (Nicola), Robinson, RL, Savage, D.B. (David), Scambler, P., Schiffels, S, Schmidts, M, Schoenmakers, N. (Nadia), Scott, RH, Semple, R.K. (Robert), Serra, E, Sharp, S.I., Shaw, A. (Alison), Shihab, HA, Shin, S.-Y., Skuse, D, Small, K.S. (Kerrin), Smee, C, Smith, B.H. (Blair), Soranzo, N. (Nicole), Southam, L. (Lorraine), Spasic-Boskovic, O, Spector, T.D. (Timothy), St. Clair, D. (David), Stalker, J, Stevens, E, Sun, J.P., Surdulescu, G, Suvisaari, J. (Jaana), Syrris, P, R. Taylor (Rohan), Tian, J., Tobin, M.D. (Martin), Valdes, A.M. (Ana Maria), Vandersteen, AM, Vijayarangakannan, P, Visscher, P.M. (Peter), Wain, L.V. (Louise), Walters, JTR, Wang, G. B., Wang, J. (Jinxia), Wang, Y. (Ying), Ward, K, Wheeler, E. (Eleanor), Whyte, T, Williams, HJ, Williamson, K.A., Wilson, C, Wilson, S.G. (Scott), Wong, K. (Kenny), Xu, CJ, Yang, J. (Jian), Zhang, F. (Feng), Zhang, P.B., Zheng, H.-F. (Hou-Feng), Smith, A.V. (Davey), Fisher, SE, Wilson, J.F. (James F), Cole, T.J. (T.), Fernandez-Orth, D., Bønnelykke, K. (Klaus), Bisgaard, H. (Hans), Pennell, C.E. (Craig), Jaddoe, V.W.V. (Vincent), Dedoussis, G, Timpson, N.J. (Nicholas), Zeggini, E. (Eleftheria), Vitart, V. (Veronique), Pourcain, B.S. (Beate), Haworth, S., Shapland, C.Y., Hayward, C. (Caroline), Prins, B.P. (Bram), Felix, J.F. (Janine), Medina-Gomez, M.C. (Carolina), Rivadeneira Ramirez, F. (Fernando), Wang, C., Ahluwalia, TS, Vrijheid, M. (Martine), Guxens Junyent, M. (Mònica), Sunyer, J. (Jordi), Tachmazidou, I, Walter, K., Iotchkova, V, Jackson, A.U. (Anne), Cleal, L., Huffmann, J., Min, J. (Josine), Sass, L., Timmers, P, Al Turki, S., Anderson, CA, Anney, R. (Richard), Antony, D, Soler Artigas, M. (Maria), Ayub, M, Bala, S, Barrett, JC, Barroso, I.E. (Inês), Beales, P., Bentham, J, Bhattacharya, S. (Shoumo), Birney, E. (Ewan), Blackwood, D, Bobrow, M, Bochukova, E, Bolton, PF, Bounds, R, Boustred, C, Breen, G. (Gerome), Calissano, M, Carss, K, Charlton, R, Chatterjee, K. (Krishna), Chen, L. (Leslie), Ciampi, A. (Antonio), Cirak, S, Clapham, P, Clement, G, Coates, G, Cocca, M, Collier, D.A. (David), Cosgrove, C, Cox, T. (Tessa), Craddock, N.J. (Nick), Crooks, L, Curran, S, Curtis, D. (David), Daly, A, Danecek, P, Day, I.N.M. (Ian), Day-Williams, A, Dominiczak, A. (Anna), Down, T, Li, Y. (Yingrui), Dunham, D.M. (David), Durbin, R, Edkins, T. (Ted), Ekong, R. (Rosemary), Ellis, P. (Paul), Evans, D.M. (David), Farooqi, I.S. (Sadaf), Fitzpatrick, D.R. (David), Flicek, P, Floyd, J. (Jamie), Foley, AR, Franklin, C.S. (Christopher), Futema, M, Gallagher, L. (Louise), Gaunt, T.R. (Tom), Geihs, M, Geschwind, D., Greenwood, J.P. (John), Griffin, H, Grozeva, D. (Detelina), Guo, X.S., Guo, X. (Xiuqing), Gurling, H. (Hugh), Hart, D.J. (Deborah), Hendricks, AE, Holmans, P.A. (Peter), Howie, B, Huang, J. (Jian), Huang, L.R., Hubbard, T., Humphries, S.E. (Steve), Hurles, M.E. (Matthew), Hysi, P.G. (Pirro), Jackson, DK, Jamshidi, Y. (Yalda), Joyce, C, Karczewski, KJ, Kaye, J. (Jane), Keane, T, Kemp, J.P., Kennedy, K. (Karen), Kent, A. (Alistair), Keogh, J, Khawaja, F, van Kogelenberg, M., Kolb-Kokocinski, A, Lachance, G, Langford, C. (Cordelia), Lawson, D, Lee, I. van der, Lek, M, Li, R. (Rui), Li, Y.R. (Yun), Liang, J.Q., Lin, H., Liu, R, Lonnqvist, J, Lopes, LR, Lopes, M., MacArthur, DG, Mangino, M. (Massimo), Marchini, J. (Jonathan), Marenne, G., Maslen, J., Mathieson, I. (Iain), McCarthy, S. (Sean), Mcguffin, P. (Peter), Mcintosh, A.M. (Andrew), McKechanie, AG, McQuillin, A. (Andrew), Memari, Y, Metrustry, S. (Sarah), Migone, N, Mitchison, H.M. (Hannah), Moayyeri, A. (Alireza), Morris, A.D. (Andrew), Morris, J, Muddyman, D, Muntoni, F., Northstone, K. (Kate), O'Donovan, M. (Michael), O'Rahilly, S. (Stephen), Onoufriadis, A, Oualkacha, K., Owen, M.J., Palotie, A. (Aarno), Panoutsopoulou, K, Parker, V., Parr, D., Paternoster, L. (Lavinia), Paunio, T, Payne, F. (Felicity), Payne, SJ, Perry, J.B. (John), Pietiläinen, O.P.H. (Olli), Plagnol, V, Pollitt, RC, Porteous, D.J. (David J.), Povey, S. (Sue), Quail, MA, Quaye, L. (Lydia), Raymond, FL, Rehnström, K. (Karola), Richards, J.B. (Brent), Ridout, CK, Ring, S.M. (Susan), Ritchie, GRS, Roberts, N. (Nicola), Robinson, RL, Savage, D.B. (David), Scambler, P., Schiffels, S, Schmidts, M, Schoenmakers, N. (Nadia), Scott, RH, Semple, R.K. (Robert), Serra, E, Sharp, S.I., Shaw, A. (Alison), Shihab, HA, Shin, S.-Y., Skuse, D, Small, K.S. (Kerrin), Smee, C, Smith, B.H. (Blair), Soranzo, N. (Nicole), Southam, L. (Lorraine), Spasic-Boskovic, O, Spector, T.D. (Timothy), St. Clair, D. (David), Stalker, J, Stevens, E, Sun, J.P., Surdulescu, G, Suvisaari, J. (Jaana), Syrris, P, R. Taylor (Rohan), Tian, J., Tobin, M.D. (Martin), Valdes, A.M. (Ana Maria), Vandersteen, AM, Vijayarangakannan, P, Visscher, P.M. (Peter), Wain, L.V. (Louise), Walters, JTR, Wang, G. B., Wang, J. (Jinxia), Wang, Y. (Ying), Ward, K, Wheeler, E. (Eleanor), Whyte, T, Williams, HJ, Williamson, K.A., Wilson, C, Wilson, S.G. (Scott), Wong, K. (Kenny), Xu, CJ, Yang, J. (Jian), Zhang, F. (Feng), Zhang, P.B., Zheng, H.-F. (Hou-Feng), Smith, A.V. (Davey), Fisher, SE, Wilson, J.F. (James F), Cole, T.J. (T.), Fernandez-Orth, D., Bønnelykke, K. (Klaus), Bisgaard, H. (Hans), Pennell, C.E. (Craig), Jaddoe, V.W.V. (Vincent), Dedoussis, G, Timpson, N.J. (Nicholas), Zeggini, E. (Eleftheria), Vitart, V. (Veronique), and Pourcain, B.S. (Beate)

Abstract

Cranial growth and development is a complex process which affects the closely related traits of head circumference (HC) and intracranial volume (ICV). The underlying genetic influences shaping these traits during the transition from childhood to adulthood are little understood, but might include both age-specific genetic factors and low-frequency genetic variation. Here, we model the developmental genetic architecture of HC, showing this is genetically stable and correlated with genetic determinants of ICV. Investigating up to 46,000 children and adults of European descent, we identify association with final HC and/or final ICV + HC at 9 novel common and low-frequency loci, illustrating that genetic variation from a wide allele frequency spectrum contributes to cranial growth. The largest effects are reported for lowfrequency variants within TP53, with 0.5 cm wider heads in increaser-allele carriers versus non-carrie

Published
2019
Full Text
View/download PDF

20. Characteristics of a nationwide cohort of patients presenting with isolated hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (IHH)

Author

Bonomi, M., Vezzoli, V., Krausz, C., Guizzardi, F., Vezzani, S., Simoni, M., Bassi, I., Duminuco, P., Di Iorgi, N., Giavoli, C., Pizzocaro, A., Russo, G., Moro, M., Fatti, L., Ferlin, A., Mazzanti, L., Zatelli, M. C., Cannavo, S., Isidori, A. M., Pincelli, A. I., Prodam, F., Mancini, A., Limone, P., Tanda, M. L., Gaudino, R., Salerno, M., Francesca, P., Maghnie, M., Maggi, M. C., Persani, L., Aimaretti, G., Altobell, M., Ambrosio, M. R., Andrioli, M., Angelett, G., Arecco, F., Arnald, G., Arosio, M., Balsamo, A., Baldassarr, M., Bartalena, L., Bazzon, N., Beccari, L., Beck-Peccoz, P., Bellastella, G., Bellizz, M., Benedicent, F., Bernasconi, S., Bizzarri, C., Bona, G., Bonadonna, S., Borrett, G., Boschetti, M., Brunani, A., Brunelli, V., Buz, F., Cacciatore, C., Cangiano, B., Cappa, M., Casalone, R., Cassio, A., Cavarzere, P., Cherubini, V., Ciampani, T., Cicognan, D., Cignarell, A., Cisternin, M., Colombo, P., Corbetta, S., Corciul, N., Corona, G., Cozzi, R., Crivellaro, C., Dalle Mule, I., Danesi, L., Eli, A. V. D., Degli Uberti, E., De Leo, S., Della Valle, E., De Marchi, M., Di Mambr, A., Fabbri, A., Foresta, C., Forti, G., Franceschi, A. R., Garolla, A., Ghezzi, M., Giacomozzi, C., Giusti, M., Grosso, E., Guabello, G., Guarneri, M. P., Grugni, G., Lanfranco, F., Lania, A., Lanzi, R., Larizza, L., Lenzi, A., Loche, S., Loli, P., Lombardi, V., Mandrile, G., Manieri, C., Mantovani, G., Marelli, S., Marzullo, M., Mencarelli, M. A., Migone, N., Motta, G., Neri, G., Padov, G., Parenti, G., Pasquino, B., Pia, A., Piantanida, E., Pignatti, E., Pilotta, A., Pivett, B., Pollazzon, M., Pontecorvi, A., Porcelli, P., Pozza, G. B., Pozzobon, G., Radetti, G., Razzore, P., Rocchett, L., Roncoron, R., Rossi, G., Sala, E., Salvatoni, A., Salvini, F., Secc, A., Segni, M., Selice, R., Sgaramella, P., Sileo, F., Sinisi, A. A., Sirchia, F., Spada, A., Tresoldi, A., Vigneri, R., Weber, G., Zucchini, S., Bassi I., Moro M., Pincelli A. I., Mancini A. (ORCID:0000-0002-7707-4564), Cappa M., Corbetta S., Corona G., Danesi L., Ghezzi M., Giusti M. (ORCID:0000-0001-5767-8785), Grugni G., Parenti G., Pontecorvi A. (ORCID:0000-0003-0570-6865), Sala E., Bonomi, M., Vezzoli, V., Krausz, C., Guizzardi, F., Vezzani, S., Simoni, M., Bassi, I., Duminuco, P., Di Iorgi, N., Giavoli, C., Pizzocaro, A., Russo, G., Moro, M., Fatti, L., Ferlin, A., Mazzanti, L., Zatelli, M. C., Cannavo, S., Isidori, A. M., Pincelli, A. I., Prodam, F., Mancini, A., Limone, P., Tanda, M. L., Gaudino, R., Salerno, M., Francesca, P., Maghnie, M., Maggi, M. C., Persani, L., Aimaretti, G., Altobell, M., Ambrosio, M. R., Andrioli, M., Angelett, G., Arecco, F., Arnald, G., Arosio, M., Balsamo, A., Baldassarr, M., Bartalena, L., Bazzon, N., Beccari, L., Beck-Peccoz, P., Bellastella, G., Bellizz, M., Benedicent, F., Bernasconi, S., Bizzarri, C., Bona, G., Bonadonna, S., Borrett, G., Boschetti, M., Brunani, A., Brunelli, V., Buz, F., Cacciatore, C., Cangiano, B., Cappa, M., Casalone, R., Cassio, A., Cavarzere, P., Cherubini, V., Ciampani, T., Cicognan, D., Cignarell, A., Cisternin, M., Colombo, P., Corbetta, S., Corciul, N., Corona, G., Cozzi, R., Crivellaro, C., Dalle Mule, I., Danesi, L., Eli, A. V. D., Degli Uberti, E., De Leo, S., Della Valle, E., De Marchi, M., Di Mambr, A., Fabbri, A., Foresta, C., Forti, G., Franceschi, A. R., Garolla, A., Ghezzi, M., Giacomozzi, C., Giusti, M., Grosso, E., Guabello, G., Guarneri, M. P., Grugni, G., Lanfranco, F., Lania, A., Lanzi, R., Larizza, L., Lenzi, A., Loche, S., Loli, P., Lombardi, V., Mandrile, G., Manieri, C., Mantovani, G., Marelli, S., Marzullo, M., Mencarelli, M. A., Migone, N., Motta, G., Neri, G., Padov, G., Parenti, G., Pasquino, B., Pia, A., Piantanida, E., Pignatti, E., Pilotta, A., Pivett, B., Pollazzon, M., Pontecorvi, A., Porcelli, P., Pozza, G. B., Pozzobon, G., Radetti, G., Razzore, P., Rocchett, L., Roncoron, R., Rossi, G., Sala, E., Salvatoni, A., Salvini, F., Secc, A., Segni, M., Selice, R., Sgaramella, P., Sileo, F., Sinisi, A. A., Sirchia, F., Spada, A., Tresoldi, A., Vigneri, R., Weber, G., Zucchini, S., Bassi I., Moro M., Pincelli A. I., Mancini A. (ORCID:0000-0002-7707-4564), Cappa M., Corbetta S., Corona G., Danesi L., Ghezzi M., Giusti M. (ORCID:0000-0001-5767-8785), Grugni G., Parenti G., Pontecorvi A. (ORCID:0000-0003-0570-6865), and Sala E.

Abstract

Objective: Isolated hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (IHH) is a rare disorder with pubertal delay, normal (normoosmic-IHH, nIHH) or defective sense of smell (Kallmann syndrome, KS). Other reproductive and nonreproductive anomalies might be present although information on their frequency are scanty, particularly according to the age of presentation. Design: Observational cohort study carried out between January 2008 and June 2016 within a national network of academic or general hospitals. Methods: We performed a detailed phenotyping of 503 IHH patients with: (1) manifestations of hypogonadism with low sex steroid hormone and low/normal gonadotropins; (2) absence of expansive hypothalamic/pituitary lesions or multiple pituitary hormone defects. Cohort was divided on IHH onset (PPO, pre-pubertal onset or AO, adult onset) and olfactory function: PPO-nIHH (n = 275), KS (n = 184), AO-nIHH (n = 36) and AO-doIHH (AO-IHH with defective olfaction, n = 8). Results: 90% of patients were classifed as PPO and 10% as AO. Typical midline and olfactory defects, bimanual synkinesis and familiarity for pubertal delay were also found among the AO-IHH. Mean age at diagnosis was signifcantly earlier and more frequently associated with congenital hypogonadism stigmata in patients with Kallmann's syndrome (KS). Synkinesis, renal and male genital tract anomalies were enriched in KS. Overweight/obesity are signifcantly associated with AO-IHH rather than PPO-IHH. Conclusions: Patients with KS are more prone to develop a severe and complex phenotype than nIHH. The presence of typical extra-gonadal defects and familiarity for PPO-IHH among the AO-IHH patients indicates a common predisposition with variable clinical expression. Overall, these fndings improve the understanding of IHH and may have a positive impact on the management of patients and their families.

Published
2018

22. Rare Variant Analysis of Human and Rodent Obesity Genes in Individuals with Severe Childhood Obesity

Author

Hendricks, A.E. Bochukova, E.G. Marenne, G. Keogh, J.M. Atanassova, N. Bounds, R. Wheeler, E. Mistry, V. Henning, E. Körner, A. Muddyman, D. McCarthy, S. Hinney, A. Hebebrand, J. Scott, R.A. Langenberg, C. Wareham, N.J. Surendran, P. Howson, J.M. Butterworth, A.S. Danesh, J. Nordestgaard, Bø.G. Nielsen, S.F. Afzal, S. Papadia, S. Ashford, S. Garg, S. Millhauser, G.L. Palomino, R.I. Kwasniewska, A. Tachmazidou, I. O'Rahilly, S. Zeggini, E. Barroso, I. Farooqi, I.S. Benzeval, M. Burton, J. Buck, N. Jäckle, A. Kumari, M. Laurie, H. Lynn, P. Pudney, S. Rabe, B. Wolke, D. Overvad, K. Tjønneland, A. Clavel-Chapelon, F. Kaaks, R. Boeing, H. Trichopoulou, A. Ferrari, P. Palli, D. Krogha, V. Panico, S. Tuminoa, R. Matullo, G. Boer, J. Van Der Schouw, Y. Weiderpass, E. Quiros, J.R. Sánchez, M.-J. Navarro, C. Moreno-Iribas, C. Arriola, L. Melander, O. Wennberg, P. Key, T.J. Riboli, E. Turki, S.A. Anderson, C.A. Anney, R. Antony, D. Soler Artigas, M. Ayub, M. Bala, S. Barrett, J.C. Beales, P. Bentham, J. Bhattacharyaa, S. Birney, E. Blackwooda, D. Bobrow, M. Bolton, P.F. Boustred, C. Breen, G. Calissanoa, M. Carss, K. Charlton, R. Chatterjee, K. Chen, L. Ciampia, A. Cirak, S. Clapham, P. Clement, G. Coates, G. Coccaa, M. Collier, D.A. Cosgrove, C. Coxa, T. Craddock, N. Crooks, L. Curran, S. Curtis, D. Daly, A. Danecek, P. Day, I.N.M. Day-Williams, A. Dominiczak, A. Down, T. Du, Y. Dunham, I. Durbin, R. Edkins, S. Ekong, R. Ellis, P. Evansa, D.M. Fitzpatrick, D.R. Flicek, P. Floyd, J. Foley, A.R. Franklin, C.S. Futema, M. Gallagher, L. Gaunt, T.R. Geihs, M. Geschwind, D. Greenwood, C.M.T. Griffin, H. Grozeva, D. Guo, X. Guo, X. Gurling, H. Hart, D. Holmans, P. Howie, B. Huang, J. Huang, L. Hubbard, T. Humphries, S.E. Hurles, M.E. Hysi, P. Iotchkova, V. Jackson, D.K. Jamshidi, Y. Joyce, C. Karczewski, K.J. Kaye, J. Keane, T. Kemp, J.P. Kennedy, K. Kent, A. Khawaja, F. Van Kogelenberg, M. Kolb-Kokocinski, A. Lachance, G. Langford, C. Lawson, D. Lee, I. Lek, M. Li, R. Li, Y. Liang, J. Lin, H. Liu, R. Lönnqvist, J. Lopes, L.R. Lopes, M. MacArthur, D.G. Mangino, M. Marchini, J. Maslen, J. Mathieson, I. McGuffin, P. McIntosh, A.M. McKechanie, A.G. McQuillin, A. Memari, Y. Metrustry, S. Migone, N. Min, J.L. Mitchison, H.M. Moayyeri, A. Morris, A. Morris, J. Muntoni, F. Northstone, K. O'Donovan, M.C. Onoufriadis, A. Oualkacha, K. Owen, M.J. Palotie, A. Panoutsopoulou, K. Parker, V. Parr, J.R. Paternoster, L. Paunio, T. Payne, F. Payne, S.J. Perry, J.R.B. Pietilainen, O. Plagnol, V. Pollitt, R.C. Porteous, D.J. Povey, S. Quail, M.A. Quaye, L. Raymond, F.L. Rehnström, K. Richards, J.B. Ridout, C.K. Ring, S. Ritchie, G.R.S. Roberts, N. Robinson, R.L. Savage, D.B. Scambler, P. Schiffels, S. Schmidts, M. Schoenmakers, N. Scott, R.H. Semple, R.K. Serra, E. Sharp, S.I. Shaw, A. Shihab, H.A. Shin, S.-Y. Skuse, D. Small, K.S. Smee, C. Smith, B.H. Davey Smith, G. Soranzo, N. Southam, L. Spasic-Boskovic, O. Spector, T.D. St Clair, D. St Pourcain, B. Stalker, J. Stevens, E. Sun, J. Surdulescu, G. Suvisaari, J. Syrris, P. Taylor, R. Tian, J. Timpson, N.J. Tobin, M.D. Valdes, A.M. Vandersteen, A.M. Vijayarangakannan, P. Visscher, P.M. Wain, L.V. Walter, K. Walters, J.T.R. Wang, G. Wang, J. Wang, Y. Ward, K. Whyte, T. Williams, H.J. Williamson, K.A. Wilson, C. Wilson, S.G. Wong, K. Xu, C. Yang, J. Zhang, F. Zhang, P. Zheng, H.-F.

Abstract

Obesity is a genetically heterogeneous disorder. Using targeted and whole-exome sequencing, we studied 32 human and 87 rodent obesity genes in 2,548 severely obese children and 1,117 controls. We identified 52 variants contributing to obesity in 2% of cases including multiple novel variants in GNAS, which were sometimes found with accelerated growth rather than short stature as described previously. Nominally significant associations were found for rare functional variants in BBS1, BBS9, GNAS, MKKS, CLOCK and ANGPTL6. The p.S284X variant in ANGPTL6 drives the association signal (rs201622589, MAF∼0.1%, odds ratio = 10.13, p-value = 0.042) and results in complete loss of secretion in cells. Further analysis including additional case-control studies and population controls (N = 260,642) did not support association of this variant with obesity (odds ratio = 2.34, p-value = 2.59 × 10-3), highlighting the challenges of testing rare variant associations and the need for very large sample sizes. Further validation in cohorts with severe obesity and engineering the variants in model organisms will be needed to explore whether human variants in ANGPTL6 and other genes that lead to obesity when deleted in mice, do contribute to obesity. Such studies may yield druggable targets for weight loss therapies. © 2017 The Author(s).

Published
2017

23. Characteristics of a nationwide cohort of patients presenting with isolated hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (IHH)

Author

Bonomi, Marco, primary, Vezzoli, Valeria, additional, Krausz, Csilla, additional, Guizzardi, Fabiana, additional, Vezzani, Silvia, additional, Simoni, Manuela, additional, Bassi, Ivan, additional, Duminuco, Paolo, additional, Di Iorgi, Natascia, additional, Giavoli, Claudia, additional, Pizzocaro, Alessandro, additional, Russo, Gianni, additional, Moro, Mirella, additional, Fatti, Letizia, additional, Ferlin, Alberto, additional, Mazzanti, Laura, additional, Zatelli, Maria Chiara, additional, Cannavò, Salvo, additional, Isidori, Andrea M, additional, Pincelli, Angela Ida, additional, Prodam, Flavia, additional, Mancini, Antonio, additional, Limone, Paolo, additional, Tanda, Maria Laura, additional, Gaudino, Rossella, additional, Salerno, Mariacarolina, additional, Francesca, Pregnolato, additional, Maghnie, Mohamad, additional, Maggi, Mario, additional, Persani, Luca, additional, _, _, additional, Aimaretti, G, additional, Altobelli, M, additional, Ambrosio, M R, additional, Andrioli, M, additional, Angeletti, G, additional, Arecco, F, additional, Arnaldi, G, additional, Arosio, M, additional, Balsamo, A, additional, Baldassarri, M, additional, Bartalena, L, additional, Bazzoni, N, additional, Beccaria, L, additional, Beck-Peccoz, P, additional, Bellastella, G, additional, Bellizzi, M, additional, Benedicenti, F, additional, Bernasconi, S, additional, Bizzarri, C, additional, Bona, G, additional, Bonadonna, S, additional, Borretta, G, additional, Boschetti, M, additional, Brunani, A, additional, Brunelli, V, additional, Buzi, F, additional, Cacciatore, C, additional, Cangiano, B, additional, Cappa, M, additional, Casalone, R, additional, Cassio, A, additional, Cavarzere, P, additional, Cherubini, V, additional, Ciampani, T, additional, Cicognani, D, additional, Cignarelli, A, additional, Cisternino, M, additional, Colombo, P, additional, Corbetta, S, additional, Corciulo, N, additional, Corona, G, additional, Cozzi, R, additional, Crivellaro, C, additional, Dalle Mule, I, additional, Danesi, L, additional, D’Elia, A V, additional, degli Uberti, E, additional, De Leo, S, additional, Della Valle, E, additional, De Marchi, M, additional, Di Iorgi, N, additional, Di Mambro, A, additional, Fabbri, A, additional, Foresta, C, additional, Forti, G, additional, Franceschi, A R, additional, Garolla, A, additional, Ghezzi, M, additional, Giacomozzi, C, additional, Giusti, M, additional, Grosso, E, additional, Guabello, G, additional, Guarneri, M P, additional, Grugni, G, additional, Isidori, A M, additional, Lanfranco, F, additional, Lania, A, additional, Lanzi, R, additional, Larizza, L, additional, Lenzi, A, additional, Loche, S, additional, Loli, P, additional, Lombardi, V, additional, Maggio, M C, additional, Mandrile, G, additional, Manieri, C, additional, Mantovani, G, additional, Marelli, S, additional, Marzullo, M, additional, Mencarelli, M A, additional, Migone, N, additional, Motta, G, additional, Neri, G, additional, Padova, G, additional, Parenti, G, additional, Pasquino, B, additional, Pia, A, additional, Piantanida, E, additional, Pignatti, E, additional, Pilotta, A, additional, Pivetta, B, additional, Pollazzon, M, additional, Pontecorvi, A, additional, Porcelli, P, additional, Pozzan, G B, additional, Pozzobon, G, additional, Radetti, G, additional, Razzore, P, additional, Rocchetti, L, additional, Roncoroni, R, additional, Rossi, G, additional, Sala, E, additional, Salvatoni, A, additional, Salvini, F, additional, Secco, A, additional, Segni, M, additional, Selice, R, additional, Sgaramella, P, additional, Sileo, F, additional, Sinisi, A A, additional, Sirchia, F, additional, Spada, A, additional, Tresoldi, A, additional, Vigneri, R, additional, Weber, G, additional, and Zucchini, S, additional

Published
2018
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24. CNV analysis in 169 patients with bladder exstrophy-epispadias complex

Author

Lowtzow, C. von, Hofmann, A., Zhang, R., Marsch, F., Ebert, A.K., Rosch, W., Stein, R., Boemers, T.M., Hirsch, K., Marcelis, C.L.M., Feitz, W.F.J., Brusco, A., Migone, N., Grazia, M. Di, Moebus, S., Nothen, M.M., Reutter, H., Ludwig, M., Draaken, M., Lowtzow, C. von, Hofmann, A., Zhang, R., Marsch, F., Ebert, A.K., Rosch, W., Stein, R., Boemers, T.M., Hirsch, K., Marcelis, C.L.M., Feitz, W.F.J., Brusco, A., Migone, N., Grazia, M. Di, Moebus, S., Nothen, M.M., Reutter, H., Ludwig, M., and Draaken, M.

Abstract

Contains fulltext : 172059.pdf (publisher's version ) (Open Access), BACKGROUND: The bladder exstrophy-epispadias complex (BEEC) represents the severe end of the congenital uro-rectal malformation spectrum. Initial studies have implicated rare copy number variations (CNVs), including recurrent duplications of chromosomal region 22q11.21, in BEEC etiology. METHODS: To detect further CNVs, array analysis was performed in 169 BEEC patients. Prior to inclusion, 22q11.21 duplications were excluded using multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification. RESULTS: Following the application of stringent filter criteria, seven rare CNVs were identified: n = 4, not present in 1307 in-house controls; n = 3, frequency of <0.002 in controls. These CNVs ranged from 1 to 6.08 Mb in size. To identify smaller CNVs, relaxed filter criteria used in the detection of previously reported BEEC associated chromosomal regions were applied. This resulted in the identification of six additional rare CNVs: n = 4, not present in 1307 in-house controls; n = 2, frequency <0.0008 in controls. These CNVs ranged from 0.03-0.08 Mb in size. For 10 of these 13 CNVs, confirmation and segregation analyses were performed (5 of maternal origin; 5 of paternal origin). Interestingly, one female with classic bladder extrophy carried a 1.18 Mb duplication of 22q11.1, a chromosomal region that is associated with cat eye syndrome. CONCLUSIONS: A number of rare CNVs were identified in BEEC patients, and these represent candidates for further evaluation. Rare inherited CNVs may constitute modifiers of, or contributors to, multifactorial BEEC phenotypes.

Published
2016

25. Variants Within TSC2 Exons 25 and 31 Are Very Unlikely to Cause Clinically Diagnosable Tuberous Sclerosis

Author

Ekong, R. (Rosemary), Nellist, M.D. (Mark), Hoogeveen-Westerveld, M. (Marianne), Wentink, M.W.J. (Marjolein), Panzer, J. (Jessica), Sparagana, S.P. (Steven), Emmett, W. (Warren), Dawson, N.L. (Natalie L.), Malinge, M.C. (Marie Claire), Nabbout, R. (Rima), Carbonara, C. (Caterina), Barberis, M. (Marco), Padovan, S. (Sergio), Futema, M. (Marta), Plagnol, V. (Vincent), Humphries, S.E. (Steve E.), Migone, N. (Nicola), Povey, S. (Sue), Ekong, R. (Rosemary), Nellist, M.D. (Mark), Hoogeveen-Westerveld, M. (Marianne), Wentink, M.W.J. (Marjolein), Panzer, J. (Jessica), Sparagana, S.P. (Steven), Emmett, W. (Warren), Dawson, N.L. (Natalie L.), Malinge, M.C. (Marie Claire), Nabbout, R. (Rima), Carbonara, C. (Caterina), Barberis, M. (Marco), Padovan, S. (Sergio), Futema, M. (Marta), Plagnol, V. (Vincent), Humphries, S.E. (Steve E.), Migone, N. (Nicola), and Povey, S. (Sue)

Abstract

Inactivating mutations in TSC1 and TSC2 cause tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC). The 2012 international consensus meeting on TSC diagnosis and management agreed that the identification of a pathogenic TSC1 or TSC2 variant establishes a diagnosis of TSC, even in the absence of clinical signs. However, exons 25 and 31 of TSC2 are subject to alternative splicing. No variants causing clinically diagnosed TSC have been reported in these exons, raising the possibility that such variants would not cause TSC. We present truncating and in-frame variants in exons 25 and 31 in three individuals unlikely to fulfil TSC diagnostic criteria and examine the importance of these exons in TSC using different approaches. Amino acid conservation analysis suggests significantly less conservation in these exons compared with the majority of TSC2 exons, and TSC2 expression data demonstrates that the majority of TSC2 transcripts lack exons 25 and/or 31 in many human adult tissues. In vitro assay of both exons shows that neither exon is essential for TSC complex function. Our evidence suggests that variants in TSC2 exons 25 or 31 are very unlikely to cause classical TSC, although a role for these exons in tissue/stage specific development cannot be excluded.

Published
2016
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26. Variants Within TSC2 Exons 25 and 31 Are Very Unlikely to Cause Clinically Diagnosable Tuberous Sclerosis

Author

Ekong, R, Nellist, Mark, Hoogeveen - Westerveld, Marianne, Wentink, Marjolein, Panzer, J, Sparagana, S, Emmett, W, Dawson, N L, Malinge, M C, Nabbout, R, Carbonara, C, Barberis, M, Padovan, S, Futema, M, Plagnol, V, Humphries, SE, Migone, N, Povey, S, Ekong, R, Nellist, Mark, Hoogeveen - Westerveld, Marianne, Wentink, Marjolein, Panzer, J, Sparagana, S, Emmett, W, Dawson, N L, Malinge, M C, Nabbout, R, Carbonara, C, Barberis, M, Padovan, S, Futema, M, Plagnol, V, Humphries, SE, Migone, N, and Povey, S

Published
2016

28. A family with autosomal dominant leukodystrophy linked to 5q23.2-q23.3 without lamin B1 mutations

Author

Brussino A., Vaula G., Cagnoli C., Di Gregorio E., Scappaticci S., Camanini S., Daniele D., Bradac G. B., Pinessi L., Cavalieri S., Grosso E., Migone N., Brusco A., PANZA, EMANUELE, SERI, MARCO, Brussino A., Vaula G., Cagnoli C., Panza E., Seri M., Di Gregorio E., Scappaticci S., Camanini S., Daniele D., Bradac G.B., Pinessi L., Cavalieri S., Grosso E., Migone N., and Brusco A.

Subjects
Adult, Male, DNA Copy Number Variations, Genetic Linkage, Leukoencephalopathies, Gene Duplication, demyelinating diseases, genetic linkage study, leukodystrophies, LMNB1, MRI, neurodegenerative disorders, Humans, Point Mutation, Family, Age of Onset, Aged, Sequence Deletion, Lamin Type B, Middle Aged, Leukodystrophy, Globoid Cell, Hereditary Central Nervous System Demyelinating Diseases, Phenotype, Italy, Mutation, Chromosomes, Human, Pair 5, Female, Microsatellite Repeats
Abstract

Background and purpose: Duplications of lamin B1 (LMNB1) at 5q23 are implicated in adult-onset autosomal dominant leukodystrophy (ADLD) having been described in six families with diverse ethnic background but with a homogeneous phenotype. In a large Italian family, we recently identified a variant form of ADLD characterized clinically by absence of the autonomic dysfunction at onset described in ADLD and, on MRI, by milder cerebellar involvement with sparing of hemispheric white matter. Aim of this study was to investigate the genetic basis of this variant form of ADLD. Methods: We carried out a genome-wide linkage analysis using microsatellite markers, and the genes in the candidate region were screened for point mutations. LMNB1 was also screened for deletions/duplications by real-time PCR, multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification and Southern blot. Results: We mapped the variant ADLD locus to 5q23.2-q23.3, a genomic region containing 11 genes including LMNB1. Neither gene copy-number defects nor point mutations in the LMNB1 gene were found. We also excluded point mutations in the coding exons of the other ten genes in the candidate region. However, expression of lamin B1 evaluated in lymphoblastoid cells was higher in patients than in healthy controls, and was similar to the lamin B1 expression levels found in a patient with LMNB1 duplication. Conclusions: This observation suggests that a mutation in an LMNB1 regulatory sequence underlies the variant ADLD phenotype. Thus, adult forms of ADLD linked to 5q23 appear to be more heterogeneous clinically and genetically than previously thought.

Published
2010

29. GERMLINE PROKINETICIN RECEPTOR 2 (PROKR2) VARIANTS ASSOCIATED WITH CENTRAL HYPOGONADISM CAUSE DIFFERENTAL MODULATION OF DISTINCT INTRACELLULAR PATHWAYS

Author

Domenico Vladimiro Libri, Gunnar, Kleinau, Valeria, Vezzoli, Marta, Busnelli, Fabiana, Guizzardi, Antonio Agostino Sinisi, Angela Ida Pincelli, Antonio, Mancini, Gianni, Russo, Paolo Beck Peccoz, Sandro, Loche, Claudio, Crivellaro, Maghnie, Mohamad, Csilla, Krausz, Luca, Persani, Marco, Bonomi, Aimaretti, G., Altobelli, M., Arnaldi, G., Baldi, M., Bartalena, L., Beccaria, L., Bellastella, G., Bellizzi, M., Bona, G., Borretta, G., Buzi, F., Cannavo, S., Cappa, M., Cariboni, A., Ciampani, T., Cicognani, A., Cisternino, M., Corbetta, S., Corciulo, N., Corona, G., Cozzi, R., D'Elia, A. V., Degli Uberti, E., De Marchi, M., Forti, G., Di Iorgi, N., Isidori, Andrea, Fabbri, A., Ferlin, A., Foresta, C., Franceschi, R., Garolla, A., Gaudino, R., Giagulli, V., Grosso, E., Jannini, E., Lanfranco, F., Larizza, L., Lenzi, A., Lombardo, Francesco, Limone, P., Maggi, M., Maggi, R., Maggio, M. C., Mandrile, G., Marino, M., Mencarelli, M. A., Migone, N., Neri, G., Perroni, L., Pignatti, E., Pilotta, A., Pizzocaro, A., Pontecorvi, A., Pozzobon, G., Prodam, F., Radetti, G., Razzore, P., Salerno, M. C., Salvatoni, A., Salvini, F., Secco, A., Segni, Maria, Simoni, M., Vigneri, R., Weber, G., Libri, Dv, Kleinau, G, Vezzoli, V, Busnelli, M, Guizzardi, F, Sinisi, Antonio Agostino, Pincelli, Ai, Mancini, A, Russo, G, Beck Peccoz, P, Loche, S, Crivellaro, C, Maghnie, M, Krausz, C, Persani, L, Bonomi, M., Libri DV, Kleinau G, Vezzoli V, Busnelli M, Guizzardi F, Sinisi AA, Pincelli AI, Mancini A, Russo G, Beck-Peccoz P, Loche S, Crivellaro C, Maghnie M, Krausz C, Persani L, Bonomi M, Maggio MC, et al, Libri, Domenico Vladimiro, Kleinau, Gunnar, Vezzoli, Valeria, Busnelli, Marta, Guizzardi, Fabiana, Pincelli, Angela Ida, Mancini, Antonio, Russo, Gianni, Beck Peccoz, Paolo, Loche, Sandro, Crivellaro, Claudio, Maghnie, Mohamad, Krausz, Csilla, Persani, Luca, Bonomi, Marco, and Salerno, Mariacarolina

Subjects
Male, Kallmann syndrome, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Clinical Biochemistry, Inositol Phosphate, medicine.disease_cause, Biochemistry, Hypogonadotropic hypogonadism, Germline, Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled, Cohort Studies, Endocrinology, Settore MED/38 - Pediatria Generale E Specialistica, Adolescent, Adult, Child, Cyclic AMP, Female, Genetic Association Studies, Humans, Hypogonadism, Inositol Phosphates, Middle Aged, Mutation, Missense, Receptors, Peptide, Signal Transduction, Young Adult, Germ-Line Mutation, Receptors, mutations, septo-optic dysplasia, Missense mutation, Receptor, Mutation, Prokineticin, Peptide, Human, medicine.medical_specialty, Adolescent, Adult, Child, Cohort Studies, Cyclic AMP, metabolism, Female, Genetic Association Studies, Germ-Line Mutation, Humans, Hypogonadism, epidemiology/genetics, Inositol Phosphates, metabolism, Male, Middle Aged, Missense, Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled, genetics, Receptors, genetics, Signal Transduction, genetics, Young Adult, Genetic Association Studie, Biology, Germline mutation, Internal medicine, medicine, Biochemistry (medical), Prokineticin receptor 2, medicine.disease, PROKR2, hypogonadism, prokineticin, Missense, Cohort Studie
Abstract

INTRODUCTION: Defects of prokineticin pathway affect the neuroendocrine control of reproduction, but their role in the pathogenesis of central hypogonadism remains undefined, and the functional impact of the missense PROKR2 variants has been incompletely characterized. MATERIAL AND METHODS: In a series of 246 idiopathic central hypogonadism patients, we found three novel (p.V158I, p.V334M, and p.N15TfsX30) and six already known (p.L173R, p.T260M, p.R268C, p.V274D, p.V331M, and p.H20MfsX23) germline variants in the PROKR2 gene. We evaluated the effects of seven missense alterations on two different prokineticin receptor 2 (PROKR2)-dependent pathways: inositol phosphate-Ca(2+) (Gq coupling) and cAMP (Gs coupling). RESULTS: PROKR2 variants were found in 16 patients (6.5%). Expression levels of variants p.V158I and p.V331M were moderately reduced, whereas they were markedly impaired in the remaining cases, except p.V334M, which was significantly overexpressed. The variants p.T260M, p.R268C, and p.V331M showed no remarkable changes in cAMP response (EC50) whereas the IP signaling appeared more profoundly affected. In contrast, cAMP accumulation cannot be stimulated through the p.L173R and p.V274D, but IP EC50 was similar to wt inp.L173R and increased by 10-fold in p.V274D. The variant p.V334M led to a 3-fold increase of EC50 for both cAMP and IP. CONCLUSION: Our study shows that single PROKR2 missense allelic variants can either affect both signaling pathways differently or selectively. Thus, the integrity of both PROKR2-dependent cAMP and IP signals should be evaluated for a complete functional testing of novel identified allelic variants.

Published
2014

30. Italian Study Group on Idiopathic Central Hypogonadism (ICH). Germline prokineticin receptor 2 (PROKR2) variants associated with central hypogonadism cause differental modulation of distinct intracellular pathways

Author

Libri, D. V., Kleinau, G., Vezzoli, V., Busnelli, M., Guizzardi, F., Sinisi, A. A., Pincelli, A. I., Mancini, A., Russo, G., Eccoz, P. Beck P., Loche, S., Crivellaro, C., Maghnie, M., Krausz, C., Persani, L., Bonomi, M., Aimaretti, G., Altobelli, M., Arnaldi, G., Baldi, M., Bartalena, Luigi, Beccaria, L., Bellastella, G., Bellizzi, M., Bona, G., Borretta, G., Buzi, F., Cannavò, S., Cappa, M., Cariboni, A., Ciampani, T., Cicognani, A., Cisternino, M., Corbetta, S., Corciulo, N., Corona, G., Cozzi, R., D’Elia, A. V., Degli Uberti, E., De Marchi, M., Forti, G., di Iorgi, N., Isidori, A., Fabbri, A., Ferlin, A., Foresta, C., Franceschi, R., Garolla, A., Gaudino, R., Giagulli, V., Grosso, E., Jannini, E., Lanfranco, F., Larizza, L., Lenzi, A., Lombardo, F., Limone, P., Maggi, M., Maggi, R., Maggio, M. C., Mandrile, G., Marino, M., Mencarelli, M. A., Migone, N., Neri, G., Perroni, L., Pignatti, E., Pilotta, A., Pizzocaro, A., Pontecorvi, A., Pozzobon, G., Prodam, F., Radetti, G., Razzore, P., Salerno, M. C., Salvatoni, Alessandro, Salvini, F., Secco, A., Segni, M., Simoni, M., Vigneri, R., and Weber, G.

Published
2014

31. Improved imputation of low-frequency and rare variants using the UK10K haplotype reference panel

Author

Huang, J. (Jie), Howie, B. (Bryan), McCarthy, S. (Shane), Memari, Y. (Yasin), Walter, K. (Klaudia), Min, J.L. (Josine L.), Danecek, P. (Petr), Malerba, G. (Giovanni), Trabetti, E. (Elisabetta), Zheng, H.-F. (Hou-Feng), Gambaro, G. (Giovanni), Richards, J.B. (Brent), Durbin, R. (Richard), Timpson, N.J. (Nicholas), Marchini, J. (Jonathan), Soranzo, N. (Nicole), Al Turki, S.H. (Saeed), Amuzu, A. (Antoinette), Anderson, C. (Carl), Anney, R. (Richard), Antony, D. (Dinu), Artigas, M.S., Ayub, M. (Muhammad), Bala, S. (Senduran), Barrett, J.C. (Jeffrey), Barroso, I.E. (Inês), Beales, P.L. (Philip), Benn, M. (Marianne), Bentham, J. (Jamie), Bhattacharya, S. (Shoumo), Birney, E. (Ewan), Blackwood, D.H.R. (Douglas), Bobrow, M. (Martin), Bochukova, E. (Elena), Bolton, P.F. (Patrick F.), Bounds, R. (Rebecca), Boustred, C. (Chris), Breen, G. (Gerome), Calissano, M. (Mattia), Carss, K. (Keren), Casas, J.P. (Juan Pablo), Chambers, J.C. (John C.), Charlton, R. (Ruth), Chatterjee, K. (Krishna), Chen, L. (Lu), Ciampi, A. (Antonio), Cirak, S. (Sebahattin), Clapham, P. (Peter), Clement, G. (Gail), Coates, G. (Guy), Cocca, M. (Massimiliano), Collier, D.A. (David), Cosgrove, C. (Catherine), Cox, T. (Tony), Craddock, N.J. (Nick), Crooks, L. (Lucy), Curran, S. (Sarah), Curtis, D. (David), Daly, A. (Allan), Day, I.N.M. (Ian N.M.), Day-Williams, A.G. (Aaron), Dedoussis, G.V. (George), Down, T. (Thomas), Du, Y. (Yuanping), Duijn, C.M. (Cornelia) van, Dunham, I. (Ian), Edkins, T. (Ted), Ekong, R. (Rosemary), Ellis, P. (Peter), Evans, D.M. (David), Farooqi, I.S. (I. Sadaf), Fitzpatrick, D.R. (David R.), Flicek, P. (Paul), Floyd, J. (James), Foley, A.R. (A. Reghan), Franklin, C.S. (Christopher S.), Futema, M. (Marta), Gallagher, L. (Louise), Gasparini, P. (Paolo), Gaunt, T.R. (Tom), Geihs, M. (Matthias), Geschwind, D. (Daniel), Greenwood, C.M.T. (Celia), Griffin, H. (Heather), Grozeva, D. (Detelina), Guo, X. (Xiaosen), Guo, X. (Xueqin), Gurling, H. (Hugh), Hart, D. (Deborah), Hendricks, A.E. (Audrey E.), Holmans, P.A. (Peter A.), Huang, L. (Liren), Hubbard, T. (Tim), Humphries, S.E. (Steve E.), Hurles, M.E. (Matthew), Hysi, P.G. (Pirro), Iotchkova, V. (Valentina), Isaacs, A. (Aaron), Jackson, D.K. (David K.), Jamshidi, Y. (Yalda), Johnson, J. (Jon), Joyce, C. (Chris), Karczewski, K.J. (Konrad), Kaye, J. (Jane), Keane, T. (Thomas), Kemp, J.P. (John), Kennedy, K. (Karen), Kent, A. (Alastair), Keogh, J. (Julia), Khawaja, F. (Farrah), Kleber, M.E. (Marcus), Van Kogelenberg, M. (Margriet), Kolb-Kokocinski, A. (Anja), Kooner, J.S. (Jaspal S.), Lachance, G. (Genevieve), Langenberg, C. (Claudia), Langford, C. (Cordelia), Lawson, D. (Daniel), Lee, I. (Irene), Leeuwen, E.M. (Elisa) van, Lek, M. (Monkol), Li, R. (Rui), Li, Y. (Yingrui), Liang, J. (Jieqin), Lin, H. (Hong), Liu, R. (Ryan), Lönnqvist, J. (Jouko), Lopes, L.R. (Luis R.), Lopes, M.C. (Margarida), Luan, J., MacArthur, D.G. (Daniel G.), Mangino, M. (Massimo), Marenne, G. (Gaëlle), März, W. (Winfried), Maslen, J. (John), Matchan, A. (Angela), Mathieson, I. (Iain), McGuffin, P. (Peter), McIntosh, A.M. (Andrew), McKechanie, A.G. (Andrew G.), McQuillin, A. (Andrew), Metrustry, S. (Sarah), Migone, N. (Nicola), Mitchison, H.M. (Hannah M.), Moayyeri, A. (Alireza), Morris, J. (James), Morris, R.W. (Richard), Muddyman, D. (Dawn), Muntoni, F., Nordestgaard, B.G. (Børge G.), Northstone, K. (Kate), O'donovan, M.C. (Michael), O'Rahilly, S. (Stephen), Onoufriadis, A. (Alexandros), Oualkacha, K. (Karim), Owen, M.J. (Michael J.), Palotie, A. (Aarno), Panoutsopoulou, K. (Kalliope), Parker, V. (Victoria), Parr, J.R. (Jeremy R.), Paternoster, L. (Lavinia), Paunio, T. (Tiina), Payne, F. (Felicity), Payne, S.J. (Stewart J.), Perry, J.R.B. (John), Pietiläinen, O.P.H. (Olli), Plagnol, V. (Vincent), Pollitt, R.C. (Rebecca C.), Povey, S. (Sue), Quail, M.A. (Michael A.), Quaye, L. (Lydia), Raymond, L. (Lucy), Rehnström, K. (Karola), Ridout, C.K. (Cheryl K.), Ring, S.M. (Susan), Ritchie, G.R.S. (Graham R.S.), Roberts, N. (Nicola), Robinson, R.L. (Rachel L.), Savage, D.B. (David), Scambler, P.J. (Peter), Schiffels, S. (Stephan), Schmidts, M. (Miriam), Schoenmakers, N. (Nadia), Scott, R.H. (Richard H.), Scott, R.A. (Robert), Semple, R.K. (Robert K.), Serra, E. (Eva), Sharp, S.I. (Sally I.), Shaw, A.C. (Adam C.), Shihab, H.A. (Hashem A.), Shin, S.-Y. (So-Youn), Skuse, D. (David), Small, K.S. (Kerrin), Smee, C. (Carol), Smith, A.V. (Davey), Southam, L. (Lorraine), Spasic-Boskovic, O. (Olivera), Spector, T.D. (Timothy), St. Clair, D. (David), St Pourcain, B. (Beate), Stalker, J. (Jim), Stevens, E. (Elizabeth), Sun, J. (Jianping), Surdulescu, G. (Gabriela), Suvisaari, J. (Jaana), Syrris, P. (Petros), Tachmazidou, I. (Ioanna), Taylor, R. (Rohan), Tian, J. (Jing), Tobin, M.D. (Martin), Toniolo, D. (Daniela), Traglia, M. (Michela), Tybjaerg-Hansen, A. (Anne), Valdes, A.M., Vandersteen, A.M. (Anthony M.), Varbo, A. (Anette), Vijayarangakannan, P. (Parthiban), Visscher, P.M. (Peter), Wain, L.V. (Louise), Walters, J.T. (James), Wang, G. (Guangbiao), Wang, J. (Jun), Wang, Y. (Yu), Ward, K. (Kirsten), Wheeler, E. (Eleanor), Whincup, P.H. (Peter), Whyte, T. (Tamieka), Williams, H.J. (Hywel J.), Williamson, K.A. (Kathleen), Wilson, C. (Crispian), Wilson, S.G. (Scott), Wong, K. (Kim), Xu, C. (Changjiang), Yang, J. (Jian), Zaza, G. (Gianluigi), Zeggini, E. (Eleftheria), Zhang, F. (Feng), Zhang, P. (Pingbo), Zhang, W. (Weihua), Huang, J. (Jie), Howie, B. (Bryan), McCarthy, S. (Shane), Memari, Y. (Yasin), Walter, K. (Klaudia), Min, J.L. (Josine L.), Danecek, P. (Petr), Malerba, G. (Giovanni), Trabetti, E. (Elisabetta), Zheng, H.-F. (Hou-Feng), Gambaro, G. (Giovanni), Richards, J.B. (Brent), Durbin, R. (Richard), Timpson, N.J. (Nicholas), Marchini, J. (Jonathan), Soranzo, N. (Nicole), Al Turki, S.H. (Saeed), Amuzu, A. (Antoinette), Anderson, C. (Carl), Anney, R. (Richard), Antony, D. (Dinu), Artigas, M.S., Ayub, M. (Muhammad), Bala, S. (Senduran), Barrett, J.C. (Jeffrey), Barroso, I.E. (Inês), Beales, P.L. (Philip), Benn, M. (Marianne), Bentham, J. (Jamie), Bhattacharya, S. (Shoumo), Birney, E. (Ewan), Blackwood, D.H.R. (Douglas), Bobrow, M. (Martin), Bochukova, E. (Elena), Bolton, P.F. (Patrick F.), Bounds, R. (Rebecca), Boustred, C. (Chris), Breen, G. (Gerome), Calissano, M. (Mattia), Carss, K. (Keren), Casas, J.P. (Juan Pablo), Chambers, J.C. (John C.), Charlton, R. (Ruth), Chatterjee, K. (Krishna), Chen, L. (Lu), Ciampi, A. (Antonio), Cirak, S. (Sebahattin), Clapham, P. (Peter), Clement, G. (Gail), Coates, G. (Guy), Cocca, M. (Massimiliano), Collier, D.A. (David), Cosgrove, C. (Catherine), Cox, T. (Tony), Craddock, N.J. (Nick), Crooks, L. (Lucy), Curran, S. (Sarah), Curtis, D. (David), Daly, A. (Allan), Day, I.N.M. (Ian N.M.), Day-Williams, A.G. (Aaron), Dedoussis, G.V. (George), Down, T. (Thomas), Du, Y. (Yuanping), Duijn, C.M. (Cornelia) van, Dunham, I. (Ian), Edkins, T. (Ted), Ekong, R. (Rosemary), Ellis, P. (Peter), Evans, D.M. (David), Farooqi, I.S. (I. Sadaf), Fitzpatrick, D.R. (David R.), Flicek, P. (Paul), Floyd, J. (James), Foley, A.R. (A. Reghan), Franklin, C.S. (Christopher S.), Futema, M. (Marta), Gallagher, L. (Louise), Gasparini, P. (Paolo), Gaunt, T.R. (Tom), Geihs, M. (Matthias), Geschwind, D. (Daniel), Greenwood, C.M.T. (Celia), Griffin, H. (Heather), Grozeva, D. (Detelina), Guo, X. (Xiaosen), Guo, X. (Xueqin), Gurling, H. (Hugh), Hart, D. (Deborah), Hendricks, A.E. (Audrey E.), Holmans, P.A. (Peter A.), Huang, L. (Liren), Hubbard, T. (Tim), Humphries, S.E. (Steve E.), Hurles, M.E. (Matthew), Hysi, P.G. (Pirro), Iotchkova, V. (Valentina), Isaacs, A. (Aaron), Jackson, D.K. (David K.), Jamshidi, Y. (Yalda), Johnson, J. (Jon), Joyce, C. (Chris), Karczewski, K.J. (Konrad), Kaye, J. (Jane), Keane, T. (Thomas), Kemp, J.P. (John), Kennedy, K. (Karen), Kent, A. (Alastair), Keogh, J. (Julia), Khawaja, F. (Farrah), Kleber, M.E. (Marcus), Van Kogelenberg, M. (Margriet), Kolb-Kokocinski, A. (Anja), Kooner, J.S. (Jaspal S.), Lachance, G. (Genevieve), Langenberg, C. (Claudia), Langford, C. (Cordelia), Lawson, D. (Daniel), Lee, I. (Irene), Leeuwen, E.M. (Elisa) van, Lek, M. (Monkol), Li, R. (Rui), Li, Y. (Yingrui), Liang, J. (Jieqin), Lin, H. (Hong), Liu, R. (Ryan), Lönnqvist, J. (Jouko), Lopes, L.R. (Luis R.), Lopes, M.C. (Margarida), Luan, J., MacArthur, D.G. (Daniel G.), Mangino, M. (Massimo), Marenne, G. (Gaëlle), März, W. (Winfried), Maslen, J. (John), Matchan, A. (Angela), Mathieson, I. (Iain), McGuffin, P. (Peter), McIntosh, A.M. (Andrew), McKechanie, A.G. (Andrew G.), McQuillin, A. (Andrew), Metrustry, S. (Sarah), Migone, N. (Nicola), Mitchison, H.M. (Hannah M.), Moayyeri, A. (Alireza), Morris, J. (James), Morris, R.W. (Richard), Muddyman, D. (Dawn), Muntoni, F., Nordestgaard, B.G. (Børge G.), Northstone, K. (Kate), O'donovan, M.C. (Michael), O'Rahilly, S. (Stephen), Onoufriadis, A. (Alexandros), Oualkacha, K. (Karim), Owen, M.J. (Michael J.), Palotie, A. (Aarno), Panoutsopoulou, K. (Kalliope), Parker, V. (Victoria), Parr, J.R. (Jeremy R.), Paternoster, L. (Lavinia), Paunio, T. (Tiina), Payne, F. (Felicity), Payne, S.J. (Stewart J.), Perry, J.R.B. (John), Pietiläinen, O.P.H. (Olli), Plagnol, V. (Vincent), Pollitt, R.C. (Rebecca C.), Povey, S. (Sue), Quail, M.A. (Michael A.), Quaye, L. (Lydia), Raymond, L. (Lucy), Rehnström, K. (Karola), Ridout, C.K. (Cheryl K.), Ring, S.M. (Susan), Ritchie, G.R.S. (Graham R.S.), Roberts, N. (Nicola), Robinson, R.L. (Rachel L.), Savage, D.B. (David), Scambler, P.J. (Peter), Schiffels, S. (Stephan), Schmidts, M. (Miriam), Schoenmakers, N. (Nadia), Scott, R.H. (Richard H.), Scott, R.A. (Robert), Semple, R.K. (Robert K.), Serra, E. (Eva), Sharp, S.I. (Sally I.), Shaw, A.C. (Adam C.), Shihab, H.A. (Hashem A.), Shin, S.-Y. (So-Youn), Skuse, D. (David), Small, K.S. (Kerrin), Smee, C. (Carol), Smith, A.V. (Davey), Southam, L. (Lorraine), Spasic-Boskovic, O. (Olivera), Spector, T.D. (Timothy), St. Clair, D. (David), St Pourcain, B. (Beate), Stalker, J. (Jim), Stevens, E. (Elizabeth), Sun, J. (Jianping), Surdulescu, G. (Gabriela), Suvisaari, J. (Jaana), Syrris, P. (Petros), Tachmazidou, I. (Ioanna), Taylor, R. (Rohan), Tian, J. (Jing), Tobin, M.D. (Martin), Toniolo, D. (Daniela), Traglia, M. (Michela), Tybjaerg-Hansen, A. (Anne), Valdes, A.M., Vandersteen, A.M. (Anthony M.), Varbo, A. (Anette), Vijayarangakannan, P. (Parthiban), Visscher, P.M. (Peter), Wain, L.V. (Louise), Walters, J.T. (James), Wang, G. (Guangbiao), Wang, J. (Jun), Wang, Y. (Yu), Ward, K. (Kirsten), Wheeler, E. (Eleanor), Whincup, P.H. (Peter), Whyte, T. (Tamieka), Williams, H.J. (Hywel J.), Williamson, K.A. (Kathleen), Wilson, C. (Crispian), Wilson, S.G. (Scott), Wong, K. (Kim), Xu, C. (Changjiang), Yang, J. (Jian), Zaza, G. (Gianluigi), Zeggini, E. (Eleftheria), Zhang, F. (Feng), Zhang, P. (Pingbo), and Zhang, W. (Weihua)

Abstract

Imputing genotypes from reference panels created by whole-genome sequencing (WGS) provides a cost-effective strategy for augmenting the single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) content of genome-wide arrays. The UK10K Cohorts project has generated a data set of 3,781 whole genomes sequenced at low depth (average 7x), aiming to exhaustively characterize genetic variation down to 0.1% minor allele frequency in the British population. Here we demonstrate the value of this

Published
2015
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32. The UK10K project identifies rare variants in health and disease

Author

Walter, K, Min, JL, Huang, J, Crooks, L, Memari, Y, McCarthy, S, Perry, JRB, Xu, C, Futema, M, Lawson, D, Iotchkova, V, Schiffels, S, Hendricks, AE, Danecek, P, Li, R, Floyd, J, Wain, LV, Barroso, I, Humphries, SE, Hurles, ME, Zeggini, E, Barrett, JC, Plagnol, V, Richards, JB, Greenwood, CMT, Timpson, NJ, Durbin, R, Soranzo, N, Bala, S, Clapham, P, Coates, G, Cox, T, Daly, A, Du, Y, Edkins, S, Ellis, P, Flicek, P, Guo, X, Huang, L, Jackson, DK, Joyce, C, Keane, T, Kolb-Kokocinski, A, Langford, C, Li, Y, Liang, J, Lin, H, Liu, R, Maslen, J, Muddyman, D, Quail, MA, Stalker, J, Sun, J, Tian, J, Wang, G, Wang, J, Wang, Y, Wong, K, Zhang, P, Birney, E, Boustred, C, Chen, L, Clement, G, Cocca, M, Smith, GD, Day, INM, Day-Williams, A, Down, T, Dunham, I, Evans, DM, Gaunt, TR, Geihs, M, Hart, D, Howie, B, Hubbard, T, Hysi, P, Jamshidi, Y, Karczewski, KJ, Kemp, JP, Lachance, G, Lek, M, Lopes, M, MacArthur, DG, Marchini, J, Mangino, M, Mathieson, I, Metrustry, S, Moayyeri, A, Northstone, K, Panoutsopoulou, K, Paternoster, L, Quaye, L, Ring, S, Ritchie, GRS, Shihab, HA, Shin, S-Y, Small, KS, Artigas, MS, Southam, L, Spector, TD, St Pourcain, B, Surdulescu, G, Tachmazidou, I, Tobin, MD, Valdes, AM, Visscher, PM, Ward, K, Wilson, SG, Yang, J, Zhang, F, Zheng, H-F, Anney, R, Ayub, M, Blackwood, D, Bolton, PF, Breen, G, Collier, DA, Craddock, N, Curran, S, Curtis, D, Gallagher, L, Geschwind, D, Gurling, H, Holmans, P, Lee, I, Lonnqvist, J, McGuffin, P, McIntosh, AM, McKechanie, AG, McQuillin, A, Morris, J, O'Donovan, MC, Owen, MJ, Palotie, A, Parr, JR, Paunio, T, Pietilainen, O, Rehnstrom, K, Sharp, SI, Skuse, D, St Clair, D, Suvisaari, J, Walters, JTR, Williams, HJ, Bochukova, E, Bounds, R, Dominiczak, A, Farooqi, IS, Keogh, J, Marenne, GL, Morris, A, O'Rahilly, S, Porteous, DJ, Smith, BH, Wheeler, E, Al Turki, S, Anderson, CA, Antony, D, Beales, P, Bentham, J, Bhattacharya, S, Calissano, M, Carss, K, Chatterjee, K, Cirak, S, Cosgrove, C, Fitzpatrick, DR, Foley, AR, Franklin, CS, Grozeva, D, Mitchison, HM, Muntoni, F, Onoufriadis, A, Parker, V, Payne, F, Raymond, FL, Roberts, N, Savage, DB, Scambler, P, Schmidts, M, Schoenmakers, N, Semple, RK, Serra, E, Spasic-Boskovic, O, Stevens, E, van Kogelenberg, M, Vijayarangakannan, P, Williamson, KA, Wilson, C, Whyte, T, Ciampi, A, Oualkacha, K, Bobrow, M, Griffin, H, Kaye, J, Kennedy, K, Kent, A, Smee, C, Charlton, R, Ekong, R, Khawaja, F, Lopes, LR, Migone, N, Payne, SJ, Pollitt, RC, Povey, S, Ridout, CK, Robinson, RL, Scott, RH, Shaw, A, Syrris, P, Taylor, R, Vandersteen, AM, Amuzu, A, Casas, JP, Chambers, JC, Dedoussis, G, Gambaro, G, Gasparini, P, Isaacs, A, Johnson, J, Kleber, ME, Kooner, JS, Langenberg, C, Luan, J, Malerba, G, Maerz, W, Matchan, A, Morris, R, Nordestgaard, BG, Benn, M, Scott, RA, Toniolo, D, Traglia, M, Tybjaerg-Hansen, A, van Duijn, CM, van Leeuwen, EM, Varbo, A, Whincup, P, Zaza, G, Zhang, W, Walter, K, Min, JL, Huang, J, Crooks, L, Memari, Y, McCarthy, S, Perry, JRB, Xu, C, Futema, M, Lawson, D, Iotchkova, V, Schiffels, S, Hendricks, AE, Danecek, P, Li, R, Floyd, J, Wain, LV, Barroso, I, Humphries, SE, Hurles, ME, Zeggini, E, Barrett, JC, Plagnol, V, Richards, JB, Greenwood, CMT, Timpson, NJ, Durbin, R, Soranzo, N, Bala, S, Clapham, P, Coates, G, Cox, T, Daly, A, Du, Y, Edkins, S, Ellis, P, Flicek, P, Guo, X, Huang, L, Jackson, DK, Joyce, C, Keane, T, Kolb-Kokocinski, A, Langford, C, Li, Y, Liang, J, Lin, H, Liu, R, Maslen, J, Muddyman, D, Quail, MA, Stalker, J, Sun, J, Tian, J, Wang, G, Wang, J, Wang, Y, Wong, K, Zhang, P, Birney, E, Boustred, C, Chen, L, Clement, G, Cocca, M, Smith, GD, Day, INM, Day-Williams, A, Down, T, Dunham, I, Evans, DM, Gaunt, TR, Geihs, M, Hart, D, Howie, B, Hubbard, T, Hysi, P, Jamshidi, Y, Karczewski, KJ, Kemp, JP, Lachance, G, Lek, M, Lopes, M, MacArthur, DG, Marchini, J, Mangino, M, Mathieson, I, Metrustry, S, Moayyeri, A, Northstone, K, Panoutsopoulou, K, Paternoster, L, Quaye, L, Ring, S, Ritchie, GRS, Shihab, HA, Shin, S-Y, Small, KS, Artigas, MS, Southam, L, Spector, TD, St Pourcain, B, Surdulescu, G, Tachmazidou, I, Tobin, MD, Valdes, AM, Visscher, PM, Ward, K, Wilson, SG, Yang, J, Zhang, F, Zheng, H-F, Anney, R, Ayub, M, Blackwood, D, Bolton, PF, Breen, G, Collier, DA, Craddock, N, Curran, S, Curtis, D, Gallagher, L, Geschwind, D, Gurling, H, Holmans, P, Lee, I, Lonnqvist, J, McGuffin, P, McIntosh, AM, McKechanie, AG, McQuillin, A, Morris, J, O'Donovan, MC, Owen, MJ, Palotie, A, Parr, JR, Paunio, T, Pietilainen, O, Rehnstrom, K, Sharp, SI, Skuse, D, St Clair, D, Suvisaari, J, Walters, JTR, Williams, HJ, Bochukova, E, Bounds, R, Dominiczak, A, Farooqi, IS, Keogh, J, Marenne, GL, Morris, A, O'Rahilly, S, Porteous, DJ, Smith, BH, Wheeler, E, Al Turki, S, Anderson, CA, Antony, D, Beales, P, Bentham, J, Bhattacharya, S, Calissano, M, Carss, K, Chatterjee, K, Cirak, S, Cosgrove, C, Fitzpatrick, DR, Foley, AR, Franklin, CS, Grozeva, D, Mitchison, HM, Muntoni, F, Onoufriadis, A, Parker, V, Payne, F, Raymond, FL, Roberts, N, Savage, DB, Scambler, P, Schmidts, M, Schoenmakers, N, Semple, RK, Serra, E, Spasic-Boskovic, O, Stevens, E, van Kogelenberg, M, Vijayarangakannan, P, Williamson, KA, Wilson, C, Whyte, T, Ciampi, A, Oualkacha, K, Bobrow, M, Griffin, H, Kaye, J, Kennedy, K, Kent, A, Smee, C, Charlton, R, Ekong, R, Khawaja, F, Lopes, LR, Migone, N, Payne, SJ, Pollitt, RC, Povey, S, Ridout, CK, Robinson, RL, Scott, RH, Shaw, A, Syrris, P, Taylor, R, Vandersteen, AM, Amuzu, A, Casas, JP, Chambers, JC, Dedoussis, G, Gambaro, G, Gasparini, P, Isaacs, A, Johnson, J, Kleber, ME, Kooner, JS, Langenberg, C, Luan, J, Malerba, G, Maerz, W, Matchan, A, Morris, R, Nordestgaard, BG, Benn, M, Scott, RA, Toniolo, D, Traglia, M, Tybjaerg-Hansen, A, van Duijn, CM, van Leeuwen, EM, Varbo, A, Whincup, P, Zaza, G, and Zhang, W

Abstract

The contribution of rare and low-frequency variants to human traits is largely unexplored. Here we describe insights from sequencing whole genomes (low read depth, 7×) or exomes (high read depth, 80×) of nearly 10,000 individuals from population-based and disease collections. In extensively phenotyped cohorts we characterize over 24 million novel sequence variants, generate a highly accurate imputation reference panel and identify novel alleles associated with levels of triglycerides (APOB), adiponectin (ADIPOQ) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLR and RGAG1) from single-marker and rare variant aggregation tests. We describe population structure and functional annotation of rare and low-frequency variants, use the data to estimate the benefits of sequencing for association studies, and summarize lessons from disease-specific collections. Finally, we make available an extensive resource, including individual-level genetic and phenotypic data and web-based tools to facilitate the exploration of association results.

Published
2015

33. Cytogenetic findings in 4952 prenatal diagnoses. An Italian collaborative study

Author

Simoni, G., Fraccaro, M., Arslanian, A., Bacchetta, M., Baccichetti, C., Bignone, F. A., Cagiano, A., Carbonara, A. O., Carozzi, F., Cuoco, C., Bricarelli, F. Dagna, Dallapiccola, B., Dalprà, L., Lamba Carbone, L. Doria, Ferranti, G., Filippi, G., Frateschi, M., Gimelli, G., Gualtieri, R. M., Lenzini, E., Micara, G., Migone, N., Montacuti, V., Neri, G., Papa, R., Pecile, V., Rocchi, M., Savin, E., Serra, A., Tenconi, R., Terzoli, G. L., and Tibiletti, M. G.

Published
1982
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35. New understandings of the genetic basis of isolated idiopathic central hypogonadism

Author

Bonomi, M, Libri, Dv, Guizzardi, F, Guarducci, E, Maiolo, E, Pignatti, E, Asci, R, Persani, L, Idiopathic Central Hypogonadism Study Group of the Italian Societies of Endocrinology, Pediatric, Endocrinology, Diabetes Aimaretti, G, Altobelli, M, Arnaldi, G, Baldi, M, Bartalena, L, Beccaria, L, Beck Peccoz, P, Bellastella, G, Borretta, G, Buzi, F, Cannavo', Salvatore, Cappa, M, Cariboni, A, Ciampani, T, Cicognani, A, Cisternino, M, Corbetta, S, Corciulo, N, Cozzi, R, D'Elia, Av, Uberti, Ed, De Marchi, M, Forti, G, di Iorgi, N, Fabbri, A, Ferlin, A, Gaudino, R, Grosso, E, Krausz, C, Lanfranco, F, Larizza, D, Limone, P, Maggi, M, Maggi, R, Maghnie, M, Mancini, A, Mandrile, G, Marino, M, Mencarelli, Ma, Migone, N, Neri, G, Perroni, L, Pilotta, A, Pincelli, Ai, Pizzocaro, A, Pontecorvi, A, Radetti, G, Razzore, P, Russo, G, Salvini, F, Secco, A, Segni, M, Simoni, M, Sinisi, A, Vigneri, R, and Weber, G.

Subjects
Male, Infertility, central hypogonadism, congenital hypogonadism, GnRH, hypogonadotropic hypogonadism, hypothalamus–pituitary–gonadal axis, Kallmann syndrome, male infertility, Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System, medicine.medical_specialty, Urology, Context (language use), Review, Disease, Bioinformatics, Male infertility, Mice, Hypogonadotropic hypogonadism, Internal medicine, medicine, Animals, Humans, Animals, Humans, Hypogonadism, complications/genetics/physiopathology, Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System, physiopathology, Infertility, genetics, Italy, Kallmann Syndrome, complications/genetics, Male, Mice, Mice, Knockout, Models, Animal, cardiovascular diseases, Infertility, Male, Mice, Knockout, business.industry, Hypogonadism, General Medicine, medicine.disease, Penetrance, nervous system diseases, Endocrinology, Italy, Models, Animal, central hypogonadism, congenital hypogonadism, GnRH, hypogonadotropic hypogonadism, hypothalamus–pituitary–gonadal axis, Kallmann syndrome, male infertility, business, gnrh, hypothalamus-pituitary-gonadal axis, kallmann syndrome, Rare disease
Abstract

Idiopathic hypogonadotropic hypogonadism is a rare disease that is characterized by delayed/absent puberty and/or infertility due to an insufficient stimulation of an otherwise normal pituitary–gonadal axis by gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH) action. Because reduced or normal luteinizing hormone (LH)/follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) levels may be observed in the affected patients, the term idiopathic central hypogonadism (ICH) appears to be more appropriate. This disease should be distinguished from central hypogonadism that is combined with other pituitary deficiencies. Isolated ICH has a complex pathogenesis and is fivefold more prevalent in males. ICH frequently appears in a sporadic form, but several familial cases have also been reported. This finding, in conjunction with the description of numerous pathogenetic gene variants and the generation of several knockout models, supports the existence of a strong genetic component. ICH may be associated with several morphogenetic abnormalities, which include osmic defects that, with ICH, constitute the cardinal manifestations of Kallmann syndrome (KS). KS accounts for approximately 40% of the total ICH cases and has been generally considered to be a distinct subgroup. However, the description of several pedigrees, which include relatives who are affected either with isolated osmic defects, KS, or normo-osmic ICH (nICH), justifies the emerging idea that ICH is a complex genetic disease that is characterized by variable expressivity and penetrance. In this context, either multiple gene variants or environmental factors and epigenetic modifications may contribute to the variable disease manifestations. We review the genetic mechanisms that are presently known to be involved in ICH pathogenesis and provide a clinical overview of the 227 cases that have been collected by the collaborating centres of the Italian ICH Network.

Published
2012

38. A large-scale association study to assess the impact of known variants of the human INHA gene on premature ovarian failure

Author

Corre, T., Schuettler, J., Bione, S., Marozzi, A., Persani, L., Rossetti, R., Torricelli, F., Giotti, I., Vogt, P., Toniolo, D., Italian Network for the study of Ovarian Dysfunctions, Biondi, M, Bruni, V, Brigante, C, Cisternino, M, Colombo, I, Crosignani, Pg, D'Avanzo, Mg, Dalprà, L, Danesino, C, Di Prospero, F, Donti, E, Falorni, A, Fusi, F, Lanzi, R, Larizza, D, Locatelli, N, Madaschi, S, Maghnie, M, Marzotti, S, Migone, N, Nappi, R, Palli, D, Patricelli, Mg, Pisani, C, Prontera, P, Petraglia, F, Renieri, Alessandra, Ricca, I, Ripamonti, A, Russo, G, Russo, S, Tibiletti, Mg, Tonacchera, M, Vegetti, W, Villa, N, Vineis, P, and Zuffardi, O.

Subjects
Adult, Adolescent, endocrine system diseases, Genome-wide association study, Primary Ovarian Insufficiency, premature ovarian failure, Biology, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, inhibin variants, Cohort Studies, Gene Frequency, Polymorphism (computer science), medicine, Humans, Inhibins, Allele, Risk factor, Child, Allele frequency, Gene, Genetics, INHA, Rehabilitation, genetic risk factor, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, female genital diseases and pregnancy complications, Premature ovarian failure, infertility, Reproductive Medicine, Female, Genome-Wide Association Study
Abstract

Background Three variants of the human INHA gene have been reported to be associated with premature ovarian failure (POF) in case-control studies involving a small number of patients and controls. Since inhibin has a fundamental role in the control of ovarian function, it is important to establish the relevance of the reported variants for disease risk. Methods Three independent POF cohorts, recruited in Northern and Central Italy and in Germany consisting of a total of 611 patients and 1084 matched controls, were genotyped for the three variants: -16C > T, -124A > G and 769G > A. Results No significant difference was detected between allelic frequencies of the INHA promoter variants between POF patients and controls. The rare allele in the coding variant appeared to be more frequent among the control populations. Conclusions The association between the INHA promoter variants and POF could not be replicated, and our results suggest that this discrepancy is likely to be due to the small sample size of previous studies. The rare allele of the coding variant seems to exert a protective effect against loss of ovarian function, which should be confirmed in additional large and ethnically diverse cohorts.

Published
2009

39. A large-scale association study to assess the impact of known variants of the human INHA gene on premature ovarian failure. Italian Network for the study of Ovarian Dysfunctions

Author

Corre, T1, Schuettler, J, Bione, S, Marozzi, A, Persani, L, Rossetti, R, Torricelli, F, Giotti, I, Vogt, P, Toniolo, D, Biondi, M, Bruni, V, Brigante, C, Cisternino, M, Colombo, I, Crosignani, Pg, D'Avanzo, Mg, Dalprà, L, Danesino, C, Di Prospero, F, Donti, E, Falorni, Alberto, Fusi, F, Lanzi, R, Larizza, D, Locatelli, N, Madaschi, S, Maghnie, M, Marzotti, S, Migone, N, Nappi, R, Palli, D, Patricelli, Mg, Pisani, C, Prontera, P, Petraglia, F, Renieri, A, Ricca, I, Ripamonti, A, Russo, G, Russo, S, Tibiletti, Mg, Tonacchera, M, Vegetti, W, Villa, N, Vineis, P, and Zuffardi, O.

Published
2009

42. Mechanisms accounting for lymphocytic alveolitis in hypersensitivity pneumonitis

Author

Trentin, L., Migone, N., Zambello, R., Di Celle, P. F., Aina, F., Feruglio, C., Bulian, P., Masciarelli, M., Carlo Agostini, Cipriani, A., Marcer, G., Foa, R., Pizzolo, G., and Semenzato, G.

Subjects
Adult, Cytotoxicity, Immunologic, Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, alpha-beta, Immunology, Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, gamma-delta, Receptors, Interleukin-2, HLA-DR Antigens, Blotting, Northern, Flow Cytometry, Gene Rearrangement, T-Lymphocyte, Lymphocyte Activation, Pulmonary Alveoli, Blotting, Southern, Antigens, CD, Receptors, Very Late Antigen, Humans, Interleukin-2, Immunology and Allergy, Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid, Alveolitis, Extrinsic Allergic
Abstract

Hypersensitivity pneumonitis (HP) is a lung disorder characterized by an exaggerated accumulation of CD8+ T lymphocytes in the pulmonary parenchyma. To investigate the mechanisms accounting for the T cell alveolitis taking place in the lung of HP patients and their pattern of growth, cells recovered from the bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) of seven patients were evaluated for: 1) the expression of activation markers, including IL-2R (p55 and p75 subunits), HLA-DR and VLA-1 Ag; 2) the ability of IL-2 and IL-4 to induce in vitro proliferation; 3) the capability to synthesize and release IL-2 by determining the levels of IL-2 in BAL cell-free supernatants and by evaluating the presence of mRNA transcripts for IL-2; and 4) the molecular configuration of the beta- and gamma-genes of the TCR. This study demonstrates that a high number of BAL lymphocytes recovered from the lungs of HP patients express activation markers including the p75 chain of IL-2R, VLA-1, and HLA-DR Ag. These cells express the CD3+,CD8+,CD16-,CD56+ phenotype and proliferate in vitro in the presence of IL-2 but do not release this cytokine. Furthermore, IL-2 transcripts could not be detected in BAL resting T lymphocytes. No proliferation was observed in the presence of IL-4. The analysis of the configuration of the TCR beta- and gamma-genes showed a polyclonal pattern, with the exception of one case in which extra bands were observed following digestion with BamHI and EcoRI restriction enzymes. Taken together, our data suggest that the IL-2 system may play a central role in the mechanisms accounting for lymphocytic alveolitis in HP patients. Although the pattern of growth is usually polyclonal, such polyclonal recruitment seems to be biased toward cells that have rearranged and possibly expressed particular V beta or V gamma genes, thus leading to the hypothesis that the events that take place in the lung of these patients may occasionally elicit an oligoclonal expansion of the cells proliferating in lung parenchyma.

Published
1990
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