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2. Does blue-violet filtering in contact lenses improve contrast sensitivity?

Author

Tavazzi, S, Ponzini, E, Caridi, A, Secreti, S, Miglio, F, Duse, A, Zeri, F, Tavazzi S., Ponzini E., Caridi A., Secreti S., Miglio F., Duse A., Zeri F., Tavazzi, S, Ponzini, E, Caridi, A, Secreti, S, Miglio, F, Duse, A, Zeri, F, Tavazzi S., Ponzini E., Caridi A., Secreti S., Miglio F., Duse A., and Zeri F.

Abstract

Purpose: The work is aimed at (i) comparing photopic contrast sensitivity (CS) of healthy subjects in an indoor environment with either blue-violet filtering (BVF) or clear contact lenses (CLs) and (ii) investigating a possible dependence of the CS variation on the subjects' intrinsic CS, measured with clear CLs. Methods: Optical transmittance of BVF and clear CLs was measured by a spectrophotometer. Photopic CS was measured monocularly on forty-one subjects (nineteen in the age range 20–36 years and twenty-two in the age range 44–66 years) by a digital optotype system at spatial frequencies from 1.5 to 18 cpd, wearing either clear or BVF CLs. The results are indicated as CSclear and CSBVF, respectively. Results: Transmittance curves in the visible range of the two CLs are very similar, despite an absorption band in the BVF CL spectrum with the minimum of transmittance at 428 ± 4 nm equal to about 79%. For both CSclear and CSBVF, no significant CS difference was found between younger and older adults. The difference [log(CSBVF) − log(CSclear)] showed a decreasing trend and changed sign from positive to negative as a function of log(CSclear) with correlation Spearman's Rho coefficients ranging from 0.80 to 0.88 (p < 0.01 at all spatial frequencies). Conclusion: In the choice of a BVF CL, practitioners should take into consideration that it can influence photopic CS, improving it for subjects who have a relatively low CS with clear CLs, and worsening it for subjects who have a relatively high CS with clear CLs. BVF can affect positively the CS by reducing intraocular scattering. However, it can also cause a reduction in light intensity, which contributes to the formation of the retinal image. The positive or negative influence of BVF CLs compared to clear ones on CS is attributed to a balance among these effects.

Published
2022

3. The effects of smoking on the tear film and on soft contact lenses

Author

Miglio, F, Borghesi, A, Zeri, F, Ponzini, E, Tavazzi, S, Miglio, F, Borghesi, A, Zeri, F, Ponzini, E, and Tavazzi, S

Abstract

Smoking is frequently associated with systemic and ocular diseases. Considering the fundamental role in eye health of the precorneal tear fluid, its analysis could offer unique contributions to gather information on ocular status. Smoking has a negative effect on tear film stability and quality by affecting different components, which can be assessed only by multiple tests. In addition, smoking is a risk factor for microbial keratitis and corneal infiltrates in contact lens (CL) wearers. In this work, the interaction between nicotine and CL materials is analysed. CLs belonging to the FDA groups I, II, IV, and V were incubated in a nicotine solution for 24 hours. The amount of absorbed nicotine per CL was monitored by ultraviolet spectrophotometry, normalizing it to the mass of the hydrated CL. Group IV and V CLs displayed the highest and lowest nicotine absorption, respectively. The results suggest that CL affinity for nicotine could be ascribed to the interaction between the positive charge of nicotine pyrrolidine nitrogen and the negative charges of the CLs.

Published
2023

4. Does blue-violet filtering in contact or ophthalmic lenses improve contrast sensitivity?

Author

Tavazzi, S, Borghesi, A, Braga, C, Cozza, F, Rizzo, G, Duse, A, Miglio, F, Nigrotti, G, Ponzini, E, Zeri, F, Tavazzi, S, Borghesi, A, Braga, C, Cozza, F, Rizzo, G, Duse, A, Miglio, F, Nigrotti, G, Ponzini, E, and Zeri, F

Abstract

The effects of blue-violet filtering lenses (yellow lenses) on visual performances and more specifically on contrast sensitivity (CS) are still debated in the literature. In this work, results obtained with contact lenses (CLs) and ophthalmic lenses (OphLs) with different optical properties are compared and discussed. A negative statistically significant (p < 0.05) moderate correlation of the CS variation with different lenses as a function of the CS of the subject with the clearer one was observed. This means that filtering is expected to produce a CS worsening in subjects showing a relatively high initial CS. On the contrary, subjects showing a relatively low initial CS are expected to show a CS improvement.

Published
2023

5. New Italian version of the Wilkins Rate of Reading Test: Materials for repeated-measure designs in optometry and neuropsychological research

Author

Zeri, F, Tavazzi, S, Punzi, M, Miglio, F, Evans, B, De Luca, M, Zeri, F, Tavazzi, S, Punzi, M, Miglio, F, Evans, B, and De Luca, M

Abstract

Purpose: To develop a series of equivalent passages of text in Italian, according to the principles of the Wilkins Rate of Reading Test (WRRT), suitable for both clinical examination and scientific research when equivalent stimuli are needed to compare performance in repeated-measure designs. Method: Fifteen high-frequency Italian words (matched for grammatical class and length to the English WRRT) were used to generate 15 different 10-line meaningless passages, according to the design principles of the English WRRT. Thirty-two healthy Italian-speaking higher education students read the passages aloud according to a fixed randomisation schedule. Performance was recorded digitally to measure reading speed and accuracy offline. Equivalence between the passages and the practice and fatigue effects for both reading speed and accuracy were examined as well as test–retest reliability. Results: No significant difference in reading speed and accuracy was found between the passages. There was a significant practice effect on reading speed but not accuracy, with the first presented passage read significantly slower than the others. There was no evidence of a fatigue effect. Reading speed, the reference metric for the WRRT, showed good test–retest reliability. Conclusions: The passages of the Italian version of the WRRT were equivalent to each other. The practice effect suggests that familiarisation with the test (i.e., reading at least one matrix of words) should be carried out before consecutive/repeated reading of different passages for experimental or clinical purposes.

Published
2023

6. In vitro affinity for nicotine of soft contact lenses of different materials

Author

Miglio, F, Ponzini, E, Zeri, F, Borghesi, A, Tavazzi, S, Miglio, Federica, Ponzini, Erika, Zeri, Fabrizio, Borghesi, Alessandro, Tavazzi, Silvia, Miglio, F, Ponzini, E, Zeri, F, Borghesi, A, Tavazzi, S, Miglio, Federica, Ponzini, Erika, Zeri, Fabrizio, Borghesi, Alessandro, and Tavazzi, Silvia

Abstract

Smoking is a risk factor for the development of microbial keratitis and corneal infiltrates in contact lens (CL) wearers. It is still unknown if this risk is directly associated with the presence of nicotine in the eye and if adherence of nicotine on the CL can enhance these effects. A better understanding of the interaction between nicotine and CL materials could offer insights to explain this risk associated with smoking. The aim of this work was to compare the affinity of nicotine to different soft CL materials. CLs from FDA groups I, II, IV, and V were incubated in a 2-mM nicotine solution for 24 h and then in a 0.9% saline solution for the next 24 h. The amount of absorbed and released nicotine per CL was deduced as a function of time (t) by ultraviolet (UV) spectrophotometry and normalised to the mass of the hydrated CL. The data were described by the equation y = b –a t−1, where a and b are constants, and b represents the mass reached at the plateau after ~ 10 min of exposure. Groups IV and V displayed the highest (0.80 ± 0.09 µg) and lowest (0.27 ± 0.08 µg) nicotine absorption per mg of hydrated CL, respectively. The CL affinity for nicotine could be ascribed to the interaction between the positive charge of nicotine pyrrolidine nitrogen and the negative charges of the CLs, especially for the ionic IV group.

Published
2022

7. In-vitro Affinity for Nicotine of Contact Lenses of Different Materials

Author

Miglio, F, Ponzini, E, Pezzoli, F, Zeri, F, Tavazzi S, Miglio, F, Ponzini, E, Pezzoli, F, Zeri, F, and Tavazzi, S

Subjects
nicotine, contact lenses, in-vitro affinity, spectrophotometry
Abstract

Nicotine is a toxic compound belonging to the alkaloid familyand it is present in high concentrations in the leaves of tobaccoplants (Nicotiana tabacum). Both smokers and non-smokers areexposed to this chemical because of direct fruition of tobaccoderivatives and its presence in the environment as a pollutant(Liu et al., 2018). In clinical contact lens practice, this molecule can be dangerous because it can adhere to the surface of con-tact lenses (CLs) (Broich et al., 1980). As for other contaminants,nicotine can have a negative impact on CL properties and ocularhealth causing infection and inflammation (Panthi & Nichols,2018;Rabiah et al., 2019). The purpose of this study was todetermine thein-vitroaffinity of CLs to nicotine using UV-VISspectrophotometry.Thirteen different materials belonging to 4 out of 5 FDAgroups were chosen according to the availability on the market:1 group I hydrogel CL (Polymacon), 3 group II hydrogel CLs(Nelfilcon A, Omafilcon A, Nesofilcon A), 4 group IV hydrogelCLs (Etafilcon A, Methafilcon A, Filcon IV, Ocufilcon D), and 5group V silicone hydrogel CLs (Comfilcon A, Delefilcon A, Lo-trafilconA,LotrafilconB,SomofilconA).UVabsorbancespectraof each of these CL materials were acquired with a Jasco V-650spectrophotometer, prior to and after a 10-minute exposure to a2 mM nicotine solution, followed by a brief rinse in saline solu-tion in order to remove the superficial nicotine. The spectrumof the clean CL was numerically subtracted from the spectra ofeach CL after the exposure to the nicotine solution. The result-ing spectra show a peak centred at about 260 nm, due to thepresence of nicotine. The intensity of this peak was then com-pared to the expected absorbance at the equilibrium (assuminga CL hydration with 0.5 mM nicotine solution), calculated ac-cording to the central thickness and percentage of hydrationof each CL. The measured/expected ratio provided a relativevalue which allowed a comparison of nicotine incorporation inthe investigated materials.For each CL, a different measured/expected ratio was found.Group II hydrogel materials showed an absorbance in goodagreement with the calculated equilibrium value (range: 0.8-1.0), except for Nesofilcon A, which displayed a ratio of 0.3. Onthe other hand, Group IV hydrogel materials showed an inten-sity of the nicotine peak between two and three times higherthan the expected equilibrium level (range: 2.1-2.4) and GroupV silicone hydrogels showed an opposite result, with a muchlower absorbance than expected (0.2-0.4). As far as Group I isconcerned, only Polymacon wasmeasured and itshowed aratioof 0.6. In conclusion, despite small differences, similar valueswere displayed by CLs belonging to the same FDA group: inparticular, ionic high-water-content materials (Group IV) pre-sented the highest affinity to nicotine, whereas silicone hydro-gels (Group V) showed the lowest. These results suggest thatin-vitroaffinity of CL materials for nicotine depends on their chem-ical and physical properties.ReferencesBroich, J. R., Weiss, L., & Rapp, J. (1980). Isolation and identification of biolog-ically active contaminants from soft contact lenses. I. Nicotine deposits on wornlenses.Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science,19(11), 1328–1335.Liu, S.-H., Tang, W.-T., & Yang, Y.-H. (2018). Adsorption of nicotine in aqueoussolution by a defective graphene oxide.Science of the Total Environment,643,507–515.Panthi, S., & Nichols, J. J. (2018). An imaging-based analysis of lipid deposits oncontact lens surfaces.Contact Lens and Anterior Eye,41(4), 342–350.Rabiah, N. I., Scales, C. W., & Fuller, G. G. (2019). The influence of protein de-position on contact lens tear film stability.Colloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces,180, 229–236.

Published
2020

8. The effect of active smoking, passive smoking, and e-cigarettes on the tear film: An updated comprehensive review

Author

Miglio, F, Naroo, S, Zeri, F, Tavazzi, S, Ponzini, E, Miglio, Federica, Naroo, Shehzad, Zeri, Fabrizio, Tavazzi, Silvia, Ponzini, Erika, Miglio, F, Naroo, S, Zeri, F, Tavazzi, S, Ponzini, E, Miglio, Federica, Naroo, Shehzad, Zeri, Fabrizio, Tavazzi, Silvia, and Ponzini, Erika

Abstract

Active tobacco smoking, passive smoking, and e-cigarette smoking have been associated with different systemic and ocular diseases. The precorneal tear film plays an important role in eye health and its analysis can provide useful information on ocular status. This review investigates the effects of different types of smoking on the precorneal tear film, by analyzing the peer-reviewed literature on this topic. Specifically, tear evaporation rate, stability, volume, ferning, osmolarity, and physical composition (lipids and proteins) of tear film are detailed. Most of the reported works show that cigarette smoking reduces tear film stability and quality by affecting its components. This review highlights that smoking severely affects the tear film, but a single test is not sufficient to determine these effects because smoking can impact different parts of the eye.

Published
2021

9. Gastric cancer

Author

Xu, S. G., Zotz, R. B., Recklinghausen, G. von, Meusers, P., Goebell, H., Khandekar, M. A. K., Lesseis, A. M., Eastwood, M. A., Palmer, K. R., Rizzi, C., Avellini, C., Scott, C. A., Floretti, G., Desinan, L., Beltrami, C. A., Igarashi, H., Takahashi, S., Ishiyama, N., Nakamura, K., Masubuchi, N., Saito, S., Aoyagi, T., Itoh, T., Hirata, I., Miglio, F., Miglioli, M., Mazzeo, V., Holton, J., Mulè, P., Menegatti, M., Maiolo, P., Grazia, E., Bini, A., Gusmaroli, R., Casadei, A., Valpiani, D., Gaudio, M., Bazzocchi, R., Barbara, L., Webb, P., Forman, D., Ierardi, E., Monno, R. A., Ingrosso, M., Panza, P., Lorenzis, A. De, Rizzi, S., Pisani, A., Valenza, M., Francavilla, A., Fukuda, Y., Inoue, H., Yamamoto, I., Tonokatsu, Y., Tamura, T., Hori, S., Shimoyama, T., Little, C. L., Corbett-Feeney, G., O’Callaghan, J., McCarthy, C. F., Testoni, P. A., Colombo, E., Bagnolo, F., Jonghi-Lavarini, E., Scelsi, R., Fiocca, R., Farinati, F., Valiante, F., Delia Libera, G., Germanà, B., Baffa, R., Rugge, M., Vianello, F., Mario, F. Di, Fox, J. G., Blanco, M., Murphy, J. C., Kabok, Z., and Pappo, J.

Published
1992
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12. Incidence of inflammatory bowel disease in Italy: a nationwide population-based study

Author

Tragnone, A, Corrao, G, Miglio, F, Caprilli, R, Lanfranchi, G, Venerato, S, Elmi, G, D'Albasio, G, Paladini, I, Salvadori, G, Trallori, G, Valpiani, D, Rosoni, R, Ferrau, O, Mastronardi, M, Rigo, G, Gagliardi, G, Riegler, G, Di Leo, V, D'Inca, R, Sturniolo, G, Tragnone A., Corrao G., Miglio F., Caprilli R., Lanfranchi G. A., Venerato S., Elmi G., D'Albasio G., Paladini I., Salvadori G., Trallori G., Valpiani D., Rosoni R., Ferrau O., Mastronardi M., Rigo G. P., Gagliardi G., Riegler G., Di Leo V., D'Inca R., Sturniolo G., Tragnone, A, Corrao, G, Miglio, F, Caprilli, R, Lanfranchi, G, Venerato, S, Elmi, G, D'Albasio, G, Paladini, I, Salvadori, G, Trallori, G, Valpiani, D, Rosoni, R, Ferrau, O, Mastronardi, M, Rigo, G, Gagliardi, G, Riegler, G, Di Leo, V, D'Inca, R, Sturniolo, G, Tragnone A., Corrao G., Miglio F., Caprilli R., Lanfranchi G. A., Venerato S., Elmi G., D'Albasio G., Paladini I., Salvadori G., Trallori G., Valpiani D., Rosoni R., Ferrau O., Mastronardi M., Rigo G. P., Gagliardi G., Riegler G., Di Leo V., D'Inca R., and Sturniolo G.

Abstract

BACKGROUND: The epidemiology of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in Southern Europe is still unclear. Sporadic reports suggest a lower incidence of IBD in Italy than in other Western Countries and the USA. METHODS: A nationwide population-based study was carried out to estimate IBD incidence rates in eight Italian cities. All new cases of IBD diagnosed over 4 years in the target populations were collected from multiple information sources. RESULTS: From 1989 to 1992, 509 ulcerative colitis (UC), 222 Crohn's disease (CD) and 10 undefined IBD cases were collected, giving age-adjusted incidence rates (per 100,000 per year) of 5.2 for UC and 2.3 for CD. Using the capture-recapture method, an estimated completeness of 0.81 was obtained for case archives, without appreciable and significant differences between areas. The rates computed after correcting underestimation were 6.8 for UC and 2.8 for CD. The sex ratio M/F was 1.7 for UC and 1.0 for CD. The highest age-specific incidence rates were between 30 and 39 years for UC and between 20 and 29 years for CD. CONCLUSIONS: The incidence rate of CD in italy is homogeneous between the cities investigated and lower than those reported for other Mediterranean countries. In contrast, the UC incidence rate is within the range of those reported in European studies. A wide variability in the UC rates between the cities was also observed. These results could be related to different environmental factors or the genetic background of the populations, or both

Published
1996

14. Hepabiliary alterations in patients with inflammatory bowel disease: A multicenter study

Author

RIEGLER, Gabriele, DíIncà R, Sturniolo GC, Corrao G, Del Vecchio Blanco C, Di Leo V, Carratù R, Ingrosso M, Pelli MA, Morini S, Valpiani D, Cantarini D, Usai P, Papi C, Caprilli R, Gruppo Italiano per lo Studio del Colon e. del Retto: Russo MI, Marano M, Esposito P, Francavilla A, Morelli A, Lorenzetti R, Miglio F, Taranto D, Beneduce F, Gullini S, Cherchi MV, Capurso L, Rosoni R., VIETRI, Maria Teresa, Riegler, Gabriele, Díincà, R, Sturniolo, Gc, Corrao, G, Del Vecchio Blanco, C, Di Leo, V, Carratù, R, Ingrosso, M, Pelli, Ma, Morini, S, Valpiani, D, Cantarini, D, Usai, P, Papi, C, Caprilli, R, Gruppo Italiano per lo Studio del Colon e., del Retto: Russo MI, Marano, M, Vietri, Maria Teresa, Esposito, P, Francavilla, A, Morelli, A, Lorenzetti, R, Miglio, F, Taranto, D, Beneduce, F, Gullini, S, Cherchi, Mv, Capurso, L, and Rosoni, R.

Published
1998

16. Quality in emergency departments: a study on 3,285,440 admissions

Author

Sartini, M, Cremonesi, P, Tamagno, R, Cristina, Ml, Orlando, P, Simeu, Group, Vandelli, A, Carinci, A, Caruso, A, Grotti, A, Iacovella, A, La Brocca, A, Mangioncalda, A, Longanesi, Am, Susi, B, Barletta, C, Braglia, D, Coen, D, Tazza, D, Gottardi, E, Palego, E, Urbano, E, Bar, F, Bussani, F, De Giorgi, F, Esposito, F, Fabi, F, Lotti, F, Miglio, F, Moscariello, F, Pertoldi, F, Sardella, F, Tosato, F, Abregal, G, Baldi, G, Carbone, G, Cerqua, G, Giagnorio, G, Pia, G, Piazza, G, Tedesco, G, Sallustio, Gf, Morana, I, Beringheli, L, Jannotti, L, Spinsi, L, Zulli, L, Cavazza, M, De Simone, M, Galletti, M, Gioffre', Maria, Greco, M, Longoni, M, Luppi, M, Magnani, M, Mazzone, M, Pastorello, M, Pazzaglia, M, Ravaglia, M, Zammataro, M, Zanna, M, Bressan, Ma, Saggese, Mp, Gentiloni Silveri, N, Scopetta, N, De Mitri, O, Fantin, O, Boscolo, P, Cancemi, P, De Angelis, P, Di Pietro, P, Mosca, P, Pacelli, P, Torboli, P, Copetti, R, Fazio, R, Losordo, R, Melandri, R, Papitto, R, Chiaravalle, S, Orlando, S, Sturlese, U, Di Grande, A, Narbone, G, Zimmermann, H, Martinelli, L, Clanchini, V, Paternosto, D, Fiorilli, M, Del Prato, C, Becheri, M, Lanigra, M, Guerra, G, Sinno, C, Soragna, A, Ferranio, Mp, Bua, V, Capra, R, and Lualdi, E.

Subjects
Italian Emergency Departments Quality Multi-centre study, Patient Admission, Italy, Health Care Surveys, Humans, Triage, Emergency Service, Hospital, Quality of Health Care
Abstract

A multi-centre study has been conducted, during 2005, by means of a questionnaire posted on the Italian Society of Emergency Medicine (SIMEU) web page. Our intention was to carry out an organisational and functional analysis of Italian Emergency Departments (ED) in order to pick out some macro-indicators of the activities performed. Participation was good, in that 69 ED (3,285,440 admissions to emergency services) responded to the questionnaire.The study was based on 18 questions: 3 regarding the personnel of the ED, 2 regarding organisational and functional aspects, 5 on the activity of the ED, 7 on triage and 1 on the assessment of the quality perceived by the users of the ED.The replies revealed that 91.30% of the ED were equipped with data-processing software, which, in 96.83% of cases, tracked the entire itinerary of the patient. About 48,000 patients/year used the ED: 76.72% were discharged and 18.31% were hospitalised. Observation Units were active in 81.16% of the ED examined. Triage programmes were in place in 92.75% of ED: in 75.81% of these, triage was performed throughout the entire itinerary of the patient; in 16.13% it was performed only symptom-based, and in 8.06% only on-call. Of the patients arriving at the ED, 24.19% were assigned a non-urgent triage code, 60.01% a urgent code, 14.30% a emergent code and 1.49% a life-threatening code. Waiting times were: 52.39 min for non-urgent patients, 40.26 min for urgent, 12.08 for emergent, and 1.19 for life-threatening patients.

Published
2007

17. Analisi degli interventi neurochirurgici dei pazienti con emorragia cerebrale in terapia anticoagulante o antiaggregante

Author

Ricciardi, A, Caioni, L, Remollino, V, Bagnoli, L, Spisni, L, Saporito, A, Chiazza, A, Musso, G, Cervellin, G, Lamberti, S, Buzzalino, M, De Giorgi, F, Del Prato, C, Golinelli, Mp, Gaia, V, Monsu', R, Gioffre', Maria, Giovanardi, D, Winquel, L, Cattaneo, S, Frumento, F, Caporella, A, Miglio, F, De Iaco, F, Bologna, G, Nocenti, F, Lorenzi, C, Zoratti, R, Sciolla, A, Piscione, V, Pastorello, Mp, Rocco, S, Galanti, S, Villa, A, Zanna, M, De Palma, A, Altomonte, F, Altomonte, M, and Baldi, G.

Published
2004

18. Studio Osservazionale Multicentrico

Author

Cremonesi, P, Sartini, M, Tamagno, R, Randelli, A, Orlando, P, Gruppo Simeu: Carinci, A, Caruso, A, Grotti, A, Iacovella, A, La Brocca, A, Mangiocalda, A, Longanesi, Am, Susi, B, Barletta, C, Braglia, D, Coen, D, Tazza, D, Gottardi, E, Palego, E, Urbano, E, Bar, F, Bussani, F, De Giori, F, Esposito, F, Fabi, F, Lotti, F, Miglio, F, Moscariello, F, Pertoldi, F, Sardella, F, Tosato, F, Abregal, G, Baldi, G, Carbone, G, Cerqua, G, Giagnorio, G, Pia, G, Piazza, G, Tedesco, G, Sallustio, Gf, Morana, I, Berigheli, L, Jannotti, L, Spinsi, L, Zulli, L, Cavazza, M, De Simone, M, Galletti, M, Gioffre', Maria, Greco, M, Longoni, M, Luppi, M, Magnani, M, Mazzone, M, Pastorello, M, Pazzaglia, M, Ravaglia, M, Zammataro, M, Zanna, M, Bressan, Ma, Maggese, Mp, Gentiloni Silveri, N, Scopetta, N, De Mitri, O, Fantin, O, Boscolo, P, Cancemi, P, De Angelis, P, Di Pietro, P, Mosca, P, Pacelli, P, Torboli, P, Copetti, R, Fazio, R, Lo Sordo, R, Melandri, R, Papitto, R, Chiaravalle, S, Orlando, S, and Sturlese, U.

Published
2004

24. The epidemiology of hepatitis delta infection in Italy

Author

Sagnelli, E., Stroffolini, T., Ascione, A., Bonino, F., Chiaramonte, M., Colombo, M., Crax, A., Giusti, G., Manghisi, O. G., Pastore, G., Piccinino, F., Rizzetto, M., Stazi, M. A., Toti, M., Verme, G., Almi, E., Amitrano, L., Bartoletti, L., Belmonte, A., Borgia, G., Broilo, L., Budillon, G., Buongiorno, G., Buzzelh, G., Cancellieri, C., Caredda, F., Cavallaro, C., Chibbaro, G., Ciampi, R., Cimino, L., Colella, F., Coppin, P., Di Giacomo, C., Di Virgiho, D., Fattovich, G., Felaco, F. M., Filippini, P., Fornaciari, G., Freni, M., Frezza, M., Gigliotti, T., Ibba, M., Madia, D., Magnani, G., Maio, G., Manno, G., Manzillo, E., Marcelli, R., Marinucci, G., Marrazzi, M., Marrone, A., Mastropasqua, G., Mele, A., Messina, V., Miglio, F., Milella, M., Mocci, G., Naccrarato, R., Nardiello, S., Okoliksanyi, L., Orlando, R., Pasetti, G., Pasquini, P., Peinetti, P., Plancher, A. C., Raimondo, G., Resta, M. L., Rodino, G., Romanelli, R. G., Romeo, F., Rosina, F., Ruggiero, G., Russo, M., Spataro, G., Terpin, M. M., Vigano, P., Villa, E., and Visco, G.

Subjects
Hepatitis, medicine.medical_specialty, HBsAg, Cirrhosis, Blood transfusion, Hepatology, business.industry, medicine.medical_treatment, medicine.disease, Virology, Hepatitis D, Liver disease, Internal medicine, Epidemiology, medicine, Viral disease, business
Abstract

The epidemiology of HDV infection in Italy was assessed in a retrospective study involving 1556 HBsAg chronic carriers on their first presentation at one of the 35 Liver Units in 1987. Total anti-HD was detected in 23.4% of HBsAg carriers and was significantly more frequent in southern than in northern Italy (26.6% vs. 19.1%, p less than 0.01). Age distribution showed that 73% of the anti-HD-positive subjects, but only 56% of the anti-HD-negative subjects, were under 40 years of age (p less than 0.01). Anti-HD prevalence increased with the severity of the liver disease from 3.8% in healthy carriers to 42.5% in cirrhosis. No geographical statistical difference was found among HBsAg healthy carriers or subjects with chronic persistent hepatitis (CPH), while among patients with chronic active hepatitis (CAH) or cirrhosis anti-HD prevalence was much higher in the south (p less than 0.01). The various potential risk factors were evaluated by multiple logistic regression analysis. HDV infection was independently related to young age, residence in the south, i.v. drug abuse, a large family and household contact with an anti-HD-positive carrier. No association was found with blood transfusion or male homosexuality. These findings confirm that HDV infection is endemic in Italy, particularly in some southern areas, where intrafamily contact probably at a young age may favour the spread of the infection.

Published
1992

25. The epidemiology of hepatitis delta infection in Italy

Author

Sagnelli, E, Stroffolini, T, Ascione, A, Bonino, F, Chiaramonte, M, Colombo, M, Craxì, A, Giusti, G, Manghisi, Og, Pastore, G, Piccinino, F, Rizzetto, M, Stazi, Ma, Toti, M, Verme, G, Almi, P, Amitrano, L, Bartoletti, L, Belmonte, A, Borgia, G, Brollol, Budillon, G, Buongiorno, G, Buzzelli, G, Cancellieri, C, Caredda, F, Cargnel, A, Cavallaro, C, Chibbaro, G, Ciampi, R, Cimino, L, Colella, F, Coppin, P, Di Giacomo, C, Di Virgilio, D, Fattovich, Giovanna, Felaco, Fm, Filippini, P, Fornaciari, G, Freni, M, Frezza, M, Gigliotti, T, Ibba, M, Madia, D, Magnani, G, Maio, G, Manno, G, Manzillo, E, Marcelli, R, Marinucci, G, Marrazzi, M, Marrone, A, Mastropasqua, G, Mele, A, Messina, V, Miglio, F, Milella, M, Mocci, G, Naccarato, R, Nardiello, S, Okoliksanyi, L, Orlando, O, Pasetti, G, Pasquini, P, Peinetti, P, Plancher, A. C., Raimondo, G, Resta, Ml, Rodinò, G, Romanelli, Rg, Romeo, F, Rosina, F, Ruggiero, G, Russo, M, Spataro, G, Terpin, Mm, Viganò, P, Villa, E, and Visco, G.

Subjects
hepatitis delta virus, italy, epidemiology
Published
1992

31. Are dyspeptic symptoms associated with Helicobacter pylori CagA-positive infection in the general population?

Author

Pretolani, S., primary, Miglio, F., additional, Baldini, L., additional, Bonvicini, F., additional, Arienti, V., additional, Figura, N., additional, Stefanelli, ML., additional, Giulianelli, G., additional, Cecchetti, C., additional, Ghironzi, GC., additional, Polini, M., additional, Gasbarrini, A., additional, and Gasbarrini, G., additional

Published
1998
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32. Association of Helicobacter pylori infection and acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding in the emergency medicine department

Author

Pretolani, S., primary, Cariani, G., additional, Barakat, B., additional, Polini, M., additional, Baigorria, R., additional, Miglio, F., additional, Marrano, H., additional, Piccinini, E., additional, Campione, O., additional, Bonvicini, F., additional, Baldini, L., additional, Re, G., additional, and Arienti, V., additional

Published
1998
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38. Clinical relevance of acute pancreatitis in allogeneic hemopoietic stem cell (bone marrow or peripheral blood) transplants.

Author

Salomone, Teresa, Tosi, Patrizia, Raiti, Carlo, Stanzani, Marta, Leopardi, Giuliana, Miglio, Federico, Bandini, Giuseppe, Salomone, T, Tosi, P, Raiti, C, Stanzani, M, Leopardi, G, Miglio, F, and Bandini, G

Subjects
GRAFT versus host disease prevention, PANCREATITIS diagnosis, AMYLASES, BONE marrow transplantation, CLINICAL pathology, GRAFT versus host disease, HEMATOPOIETIC stem cell transplantation, HOMOGRAFTS, IMMUNOSUPPRESSION, LIPASES, PANCREAS, PANCREATITIS, RADIOGRAPHY, TIME, ULTRASONIC imaging, DISEASE incidence, ACUTE diseases
Abstract

This study investigated the clinical relevance of acute pancreatitis in allogeneic hemopoietic stem cell (bone marrow or peripheral blood) transplants (BMT). We studied 26 patients undergoing BMT. The preparative regimen was busulfan and cyclophosphamide in 17 patients and total body irradiation and cyclophosphamide in 9 patients. Graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) prophylaxis consisted of cyclosporin A and short-term methotrexate in all 26 patients. The pancreas was studied using amylase and lipase serum levels, abdominal contrast-enhanced tomography, and/or ultrasound. Clinical and laboratory signs of acute pancreatitis were found in two patients with acute hepatointestinal GVHD, and in one patient with acute hepatic GVHD and cytomegalovirus infection. This patient died of multiorgan failure, with interstitial acute pancreatitis at autopsy; the other two patients recovered with general supportive care and GVHD therapy. We suggest that in the patients with complications after BMT, particularly acute hepatic/hepatointestinal GVHD, and cytomegalovirus infection, the possibility of acute pancreatitis should be considered. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
1999
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42. Acute phase proteins in chronic and malignant liver diseases.

Author

Meliconi, R., Parracino, O., Facchini, A., Morselli-Labate, A. M., Bortolotti, Flavia, Tremolada, F., Martuzzi, M., Miglio, F., and Gasbarrini, G.

Abstract

ABSTRACT- Six acute phase proteins (haptoglobin, α 1-acid glycoprotein, α 1-antitrypsin, α2-macroglobulin, C reactive protein and transferrin) have been measured in the sera of chronic liver disease (CLD) patients with different aetiology (viral, autoimmune and alcoholic) and histology (steatosis, chronic persistent hepatitis, chronic active hepatitis, cirrhosis), and in patients with liver cancer. 1) The most striking changes concerned α2-macroglobulin (increased) and haptoglobin (decreased) levels. 2) Transferrin was lower in alcoholic liver disease than in viral CLD, CRP was lower in autoimmune than in viral or alcoholic CLD, and α 1-acid glycoprotein was lower in viral and alcoholic CLD than in autoimmune CLD. Acute phase protein assay may prove useful in differential diagnosis, particularly when specific markers are not available (autoimmune, non A, non B, alcoholic liver diseases). 3) No significant differences related to aetiology (B, non A non B, D viruses) were observed in viral CLD. 4) Patients who progressed to CLD after acute viral hepatitis type B or non A non B did not show different APP levels from those who had recovered when tested 8-12 months after the acute phase. 5) The pattern of APP changes observed in primary liver cell carcinoma was different from both the cirrhotic pattern and the pattern presented by other tumours with or without liver metastasis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
1988
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43. Analysis with OKT monoclonal antibodies of T-lymphocyte subsets present in blood and liver of patients with chronic active hepatitis.

Author

Mariani, Erminia, Facchini, A., Miglio, F., Stefanini, G. F., Mazzetti, Maura, Leupers, Tine, Gasbarrini, G., Labo, G., and Astaldi, A.

Abstract

ABSTRACT- The relative distribution of T lymphocyte subsets, as defined by the monoclonal antibodies OKT, was determined by cytofluorimetric analysis in peripheral blood and in cells isolated from liver biopsies of 31 patients with chronic active hepatitis (CAH). The percentage of peripheral blood lymphocytes binding OKT8 (directed against cytotoxic/suppressor T cells) was found to be elevated in patients with HBsAg and HBeAg positive chronic active hepatitis. Patients with CAH who had seroconverted to anti-HBe, had an increased number of OKT3-positive cells in their blood, which was directed against a common T cell surface antigen, associated with a decreased number of OKT8 positive cells. Lymphocytes isolated from liver biopsies of patients with CAH presented a general increase of OKT8-positive cells associated with a decreased number of OKT4-positive (helper/inducer) T cells. It is likely that OKT8-positive cells found in liver biopsies represent cytotoxic T cells directed against either viral or liver cell determinants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
1984
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44. Lymphocytotoxicity against autologous hepatocytes and membrane-bound IgG in viral and autoimmune chronic active hepatitis.

Author

Stefanini, G. F., Meliconi, R., Miglio, F., Mazzetti, Maura, Baraldini, M., Facchini, A., and Gasbarrini, G.

Abstract

ABSTRACT- Membrane-bound IgG and lymphocytotoxic activity of total, T-enriched and T-depleted lymphocytes, using autologous hepatocytes have been evaluated in: (a) 31 patients with chronic active hepatitis (CAH) (six autoimmune and 25 hepatitis B virus - HBV-related); (b) five patients with inactive alcoholic cirrhosis; and (c) nine subjects with normal hepatic histology. Lymphocytotoxicity was positive in 83% of autoimmune CAH and 68% of HBV-related cases; it was confined to the T-depleted subpopulation in the first group, while it was present in both the T-enriched and T-depleted subpopulations in 81% of HBV-related cases. Membrane-bound IgG was present in 58% of group (a) and in none of the other groups. A linear pattern was found in four out of five autoimmune CAH patients with positive lymphocytotoxic activity. The autoimmune patient with lymphocytotoxic activity within the normal range did not show any membrane fluorescence. Among HBV-related CAH patients, 13 presented a granular pattern, two an associated granular and linear pattern and ten were negative. These data suggest that different lymphocytotoxic mechanisms are involved in the two forms of CAH studied. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
1983
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47. Occurrence and significance of IgG liver membrane autoantibodies (LMA) in chronic liver diseases of different aetiology.

Author

Meliconi, R., Stancari, M. Valeria, Garagnani, M., Baraldini, M., Stefanini, G. F., Miglio, F., and Gasbarrini III, G.

Subjects
LIVER diseases, LIVER cells, BLOOD plasma, AUTOANTIBODIES, IMMUNOFLUORESCENCE, IMMUNOCYTOCHEMISTRY
Abstract

The prevalence of liver cell membrane antibodies (LMA) was evaluated in the sera of 124 untreated patients with various chronic liver diseases. in 17 acute hepatitis patients and in 40 normal controls by indirect immunofluorescence on rabbit hepatocytes. isolated by non-enzymatic method. The presence of LMA was compared with the presence of HBs Ag. anti-HBc and non-organ specific autoantibodies (anti-nuclear antibody. ANA; smooth muscle antibody, SMA: anti-mitochondrial antibody. A MA: liver kidney microsomal antibody. L K M), LMA was found in 83% of autoimmune chronic active liver disease (CALD), in 47% of cryptogenic CALD and in 42%, of primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC). LMA prevalence both in HBsAg positive and HBsAg negative/anti-H Be positive CALD was 11% significantly lower than in the other three groups. In the cryptogenic group the prevalence of non-organ specific autoantihodies was significantly lower than LMA prevalence. The 35 LMA positive sent were titred to end point dilution. Autoimmune cases presented litres higher than those of all the other groups. Adsorption experiments showed that in autoimmune cases LMA fluorescence is not blocked by pre-incubation with liver antigens LSP and LP2, while a mild blocking effect was observed in some H BsAg positive cases or PBC sera. No cross-reaction with mitochondrial antigens was observed in PBC sera. LMA can still be considered a marker of autoimmune CALD only when present at high tint and without cross-reactivity with other liver antigens. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
1983

48. Antibodies against human liver-specific protein (LSP) in acute and chronic viral hepatitis types A, B and non-A, non-B.

Author

Meliconi, R., Baraldini, M., Stefanini, G. F., Facchini, A., Miglio, F., Bortolotti, Flavia, Alberti, A., Realdi, G., and Amoroso, P.

Subjects
HEPATITIS C, LIVER diseases, HEPATITIS, IMMUNOGLOBULINS, VIRAL hepatitis, PATIENTS
Abstract

Sera from 42 patients with acute viral hepatitis (AVH), 97 patients with chronic active liver disease (CALD) and 89 controls were tested by radinimmunoprecipitation for the presence of antibodies against human liver-specific protein (LSP). Anti-LSP were found in all but one patient with AVH type A (93%) and in a smaller percentage of AVH type B (55%). In non-A, non-B cases, anti-LSP were found in low percentages: 27% in acute cases, 10% in chronic cases. Furthermore, in CALD, a significant difference was found between HBsAg-positive CAH and `autoimmune' CAH, both in anti-LSP prevalence (21%, 67%; P < 0.005) and in anti-LSP titre (1: 154 ± 170, 1:316 ± 186; P < 0.005). In HBsAg-negative/anti-HBc-positive CAH, three of 15 patients were anti-LSP positive. Anti-LSP were found only in three of 57 patients with various non-hepatic diseases with autoimmune features. None of the 12 healthy HBsAg carriers was positive. Hence there is evidence for a considerable heterogeneity in anti-LSP response in acute and in chronic inflammatory HBsAg-negative liver diseases. These data suggest that anti-LSP antibodies do not play a prominent role in the process of transition to chronicity of acute viral hepatitis particularly in non-A, non-B cases, whereas these antibodies may be important in the mechanism of ongoing liver cell injury in patients with `autoimmune' CAH, and can represent a useful diagnostic marker of this type of hepatitis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
1981

49. Incidence of inflammatory bowel disease in Italy: a nationwide population-based study. Gruppo Italiano per lo Studio del Colon e del Retto (GISC)

Author

TRAGNONE, ANTONELLA, CORRAO, GIOVANNI, MIGLIO, FEDERICO, CAPRILLI, RENZO, LANFRANCHI, GIORGIO ASSUERO, Tragnone, A, Corrao, G, Miglio, F, Caprilli, R, and Lanfranchi, G A

Abstract

Tragnone A (Institute of Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology, University of Bolgna, Bologna, Italy) Corrao G, Miglio F, Caprilli R, Lanfranchi G A and Gruppo Italiano per lo Studio del Colon e del Retto (GISC). Incidence of inflammatory bowel disease in Italy: A nationwide population-based study. International Journal of Epidemiology 1996; 25: 1044–1052.Background The epidemiology of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in Southern Europe is still unclear. Sporadic reports suggest a lower incidence of IBD in Italy than in other Western Countries and the USA. Methods A nationwide population-based study was carried out to estimate IBD incidence rates in eight Italian cities. All new cases of IBD diagnosed over 4 years in the target populations were collected from multiple information sources. Results From 1989 to 1992, 509 ulcerative colitis (UC), 222 Crohn's disease (CD) and 10 undefined IBD cases were collected, giving age-adjusted incidence rates (per 100 000 per year) of 5.2 for UC and 2.3 for CD. Using the capture-recapture method, an estimated completeness of 0.81 was obtained for case archives, without appreciable and significant differences between areas. The rates computed after correcting underestimation were 6.8 for UC and 2.8 for CD. The sex ratio M/F was 1.7 for UC and 1.0 for CD. The highest age-specific incidence rates were between 30 and 39 years for UC and between 20 and 29 years for CD Conclusions The incidence rate of CD in Italy is homogeneous between the cities investigated and lower than those reported for other Mediterranean countnes. In contrast, the UC incidence rate is within the range of those reported in European studies. A wide variability in the UC rates between the cities was also observed These results could be related to different environmental factors or the genetic background of the populations, or both. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Published
1996
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