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Objective: Digital platforms for prevention and health promotion (PHP) are now, more than ever, available for use by school professionals, including teachers. However, little is known about what motivates them to use such platforms. A scoping review (ScR) was conducted to identify conditions that promote use by school professionals, including teachers, of PHP digital platforms at schools. Methods: For our ScR, we accessed ERIC, Sociological Abstracts, MEDLINE, PubMed, and Web of Science databases (period 2000-2018) in 3 sectors: education, health, online technologies. For each study, we prepared and validated a summary sheet. Contents dealing with conditions for use were subjected to open coding, grouped into categories, and synthesized. Results: Of the 3639 articles captured, 17 studies were selected. Five conditions emerged: (1) ensuring that the digital platform becomes a reference for PHP activity in schools; (2) that the resources needed for its uptake are mobilized; (3) that it is user-friendly; (4) that the digital platform engages the participation of everyone involved; and (5) that it is linked to existing programs in the school. Conclusions: These results can guide the activities deployed in schools for optimal implementation of PHP programs from digital platforms.

In this commentary, we present a follow-up of two articles published in 2017 and 2018 about road traffic crashes, which is an important public health issue in Africa and Burkina Faso. The first article reported on a research project, conducted in partnership with local actors involved in road safety, carried out in Ouagadougou in 2015. Its aim was to test the effectiveness, acceptability, and capacity of a surveillance system to assess the number of road traffic crashes and their consequences on the health of crash victims. Several knowledge translation activities were carried out to maximize its impact and were reported in the 2018 article published in HRPS: monthly reports presenting the research data, large-format printed maps distributed to the city’s police stations, and a deliberative workshop held at the end of the research project. The present commentary presents our efforts to deepen our understanding of the impacts of the knowledge translation strategy, based on follow-up interviews, 18 months after the workshop, with the heads of the road traffic crash units in Ouagadougou police stations (n = 5). Several benefits were reported by respondents. Their involvement in the process prompted them to broaden their knowledge of other ways of dealing with the issue of road crashes. This led them, sometimes with their colleagues, to intervene differently: more rapid response at collision sites, increased surveillance of dangerous intersections, user awareness-raising on the importance of the highway code, etc. However, sustaining these actions over the longer term has proven difficult. Several lessons were derived from this experience, regarding the importance of producing useful and locally applicable research data, of ensuring the acceptability of the technologies used for data collection, of using collaborative approaches in research and knowledge translation, of ensuring the visibility of actions undertaken by actors in the field, and of involving decision-makers in the research process to maximize its impacts.

SCOPUS: ed.j, info:eu-repo/semantics/published

A literature review was undertaken to describe the experience of people with cancer with regard to the different transitions of their care pathway. It enables all these transitions to be identified, documented and mapped out. The aim is to improve the quality of the care provided to this vulnerable population, all along the pathway.

Un projet de recherche a réuni des patients partenaires, des leaders en soins infirmiers de six milieux cliniques du Québec ainsi que des chercheurs en vue de développer et tester un outil web, le Portail d’échange des savoirs (PES), afin d’améliorer les pratiques de planification des congés et les transitions au cours des soins oncologiques. Le projet a débouché sur la création d’un PES axé sur l’oncologie ouvert à toute la francophonie. Il en a aussi émergé une stratégie novatrice de transfert des connaissances (TC) prenant appui sur le PES et alimentée par le travail collaboratif des différents partenaires, parmi lesquels les patients ont tenu un rôle essentiel. Les résultats ont mis en lumière l’importance, pour la recherche en santé, de donner la parole à des patients partenaires dans le cadre d’une étroite collaboration avec des cliniciens et des chercheurs, pour que les pratiques cliniques soient mieux adaptées aux besoins réels des patients et de leurs proches., A research project brought together patient partners, nurse leaders from six clinical settings in Quebec and researchers to develop and test a web technology, the Forum for Knowledge Exchange (FKE), in order to improve discharge planning practices and oncological care transitions. The project led to the creation of a FKE accessible to the oncology sector of the Francophonie. It revealed an innovative strategy of knowledge transfer (KT) based on the FKE and was fed by collaborative work among partners, where the patient partners played a vital role. The results highlighted the importance, for health research, of giving a voice to patient partners in close collaboration with clinicians and researchers so that clinical practices are better adapted to the actual needs of patients and of their relatives., info:eu-repo/semantics/published

Background: The multiple sequelae caused by traumatic brain injuries (TBIs) can considerably reduce the ability of seniors to resume their activities of daily living and their leisure activities, and to return to meaningful relationships so they can participate in the life of their community.

A research project brought together patient partners, nurse leaders from six clinical settings in Quebec and researchers to develop and test a web technology, the Forum for Knowledge Exchange (FKE), in order to improve discharge planning practices and oncological care transitions. The project led to the creation of a FKE accessible to the oncology sector of the Francophonie. It revealed an innovative strategy of knowledge transfer (KT) based on the FKE and was fed by collaborative work among partners, where the patient partners played a vital role. The results highlighted the importance, for health research, of giving a voice to patient partners in close collaboration with clinicians and researchers so that clinical practices are better adapted to the actual needs of patients and of their relatives.

Today's patients wish to establish a dialogue with the health professional and aspire to become partners in their care. A dedicated tool can help patients with cancer create such a partnership. Cooperative research to improve transitions in cancer care focused on this question.

Les patients souhaitent aujourd’hui s’investir dans un dialogue avec le professionnel de santé, et aspirent à devenir des acteurs de leurs soins. Un accompagnement partenarial des patients atteints de cancer peut prendre appui sur un outil dédié pour les aider en ce sens. Une recherche coopérative pour améliorer les transitions de soins oncologiques s’est intéressée à cette question., SCOPUS: sh.j, info:eu-repo/semantics/published

A literature review was undertaken to describe the experience of people with cancer with regard to the different transitions of their care pathway. It enables all these transitions to be identified, documented and mapped out. The aim is to improve the quality of the care provided to this vulnerable population, all along the pathway.

This pilot project aims to test and see the relevance of the direct observation method to collect data on the barriers and facilitators to attending public places by seniors with TBI. The study is based on the conceptual framework VADA WHO which focuses on the development of friendly built and technological environments for seniors. Three elderly people participated in the study, recruited from an ongoing project, The Citizen Intervention in Community Living (APIC), in the presence of their personalized attendant. The study shows the feasibility of the method in terms of its acceptability and resources mobilized. It shows its relevance to access additional data that would have been difficult to obtain using others methods (e.g., semi-structured interview), such as the identification of the strategies used by the participants to address the obstacles encountered (avoidance, travel planning, use of physical and preventative support of the personalized attendant).

Resume Malgre de nombreuses initiatives quebecoises pour ameliorer la gestion des planifications de sortie et des transitions de soins offerts aux patients atteints d’un cancer, plusieurs defis persistent a ce jour notamment sur le plan des transferts de soins, des suivis, du soutien et de la communication entre professionnels de sante. Cet article presente le protocole d’une recherche visant a repondre a ces enjeux par l’implantation et l’evaluation d’une innovation clinique utilisant la fine pointe de la technologie, le portail d’echange des savoirs (PES). Le PES reunit, dans un nouvel espace interactif, des chercheurs, infirmieres et autres professionnels et patients partenaires, pour partager leurs savoirs (tacites, scientifiques) et ameliorer le continuum de soins en oncologie. Cette etude adopte une approche participative et se deroule dans six milieux cliniques couvrant le continuum de soins, de la prevention aux soins palliatifs. Elle vise a contribuer a l’amelioration de la planification de sorties et transitions de soins par l’utilisation des connaissances et le renouvellement des pratiques cliniques.

Université de Montréal.Le contexte actuel des systèmes de santé occidentaux réclame que des transformations soient opérées dans les modes d’organisation et de dispensation des soins de santé. Pour faire face à ces nouveaux défis, de nombreux établissements ont introduit de nouveaux rôles infirmiers ayant le potentiel de transformer l’offre de services. Cet article a comme but de mieux comprendre le déploiement de ces nouveaux rôles infirmiers en contexte québécois et d’identifier les facteurs qui favorisent ou entravent leur mise en oeuvre, en portant un intérêt particulier à la dimension du pouvoir médical. Notre analyse montre que l’introduction de nouveaux rôles nécessite que soient redéfinis les espaces d’autorité exercés par la profession médicale sur la prestation de l’ensemble des services de santé, incluant les services infirmiers. La question du pouvoir médical, aussi délicate soit-elle, est d’autant plus importante que la négociation des frontières entre la profession infirmière et la profession médicale se présente comme un incontournable pour maximiser le plein potentiel de ces rôles et atteindre les objectifs poursuivis en termes d’accessibilité, de globalité et de qualité des services., The current context of health-care systems in the western world demands that transformations be made in the modes of organization and provision of health-care services. In order to face these new challenges, many institutions have introduced new roles for nurses, with the potential to make significant changes in the services available. This paper aims to develop a better understanding of the implementation of these new nursing roles in the Québec context, and to identify the factors that enhance or hinder their implementation, with a particular focus on the power of the medical profession. This analysis shows that the introduction of new roles requires a redefinition of the fields of authority exercised by the medical profession over delivery of the full range of health-care services, including nursing services. The issue of medical power, delicate as it is, takes on all the more importance as the negotiation of the boundaries between the nursing profession and the medical profession becomes an inevitable step toward maximizing the full potential of these roles, and to achieving the goals pursued in terms of accessibility, universality and quality of services.

Par son geste préventif, la médecine ouvre la voix à de nouvelles façons de voir et de faire sur les questions de santé et de maladie. La médecine le fait au moyen de ses nombreux programmes populationnels de surveillance des états de santé, par la divulgation quotidienne et incessante de données nouvelles sur les risques en santé ou encore, par l’identification et la transmission objective et scientifique à des individus des risques en santé. La médecine commande alors de s’investir dans une quête de sens, mais sans pouvoir véritablement formuler pour eux-mêmes et de manière autonome leur propre expérience de la maladie. Dans cet article, nous avançons que le discours savant sur le risque, en particulier dans le contexte de soins de l’hypertension artérielle, a comme effet d’exposer la personne atteinte à un risque, celui d’être contrainte sur le plan de la construction du sens., In its preventive action, medicine opens up new ways of thinking and doing on questions of health and disease. It does so through its many public health monitoring programs, through constant, day-to-day circulation of fresh data concerning health risks or through the identification and objective and scientific transmission of health risks to individuals. Medicine then requires these persons to invest in a search for meaning, but without really being able to take an independent approach to their own experience of the disease. In this paper, we suggest that the scientific discourse on risk, particularly as regards the treatment of high blood pressure, results in exposing the patient to a risk, namely that of being constrained in making sense of his disease., Por su gesto preventivo, la medicina abre la vía a nuevas maneras de ver y hacer sobre las asuntos de la salud y de la enfermedad a través de sus numerosos programas poblacionales de vigilancia de los estados de salud, por la divulgación diaria e incesante de nuevos datos sobre los riesgos en salud o también, por la definición y la transmisión objetiva y científica de los riesgos en salud para los individuos. La medicina controla entonces a los individuos que se comprometen en una búsqueda de sentido, pero sin poder verdaderamente formular para ellos mismos y de manera autónoma su propia experiencia de la enfermedad. En este artículo, proponemos que el discurso científico sobre el riesgo, precisamente en el contexto del cuidado de la hipertensión arterial, tiene como efecto exponer a la persona afectada, a sentirse forzada en cuanto a la construcción de sentido.

This study was undertaken to analyze how the way young, recently immigrated, families utilize health services evolves over time. Twenty families participated in the study. They all included at least one child of preschool age, had immigrated less than 8 years previously, and had used primary healthcare services since their arrival. A triphasic pattern of utilization was observed, consisting of contact with one or more health services, selection of specific services from those available, and consolidation of choices. Families relied upon a variety of information sources in each of these phases. The primary attributes upon which the families based their evaluation, selection, and adoption of health services were geographical and temporal accessibility, interpersonal and technical quality of services, and language spoken by health professionals and staff. Perception of health services' attributes is influenced by the families' sociocultural referents and preemigration experience. Results indicate that utilization of primary healthcare services progressively changes over time, evolving from the ad hoc use of walk-in services to the adoption of regular sources of care.

In the shift from inpatient to outpatient care that the province of Quebec is presently experiencing, the prompt assistance offered to older persons in then-domestic environment, is the kind of help that needs to be examined. The pilot project “Vie autonome chez soi” was intended to offer this type of service. The project took place in Montreal during 1990 and offered three services: a warden, a home security system and a telephone service (24–7). The objective of this evaluative study which uses a qualitative methodology is to discuss the implementation and functioning of the pilot project as well as to discover if some of the intended effects had been achieved through the services. Use of the alarm system had a positive impact on security for most of the participants who were still active in the project at the time of the evaluation. The warden services and the 24' security.

Since World War II, industrialized Western societies have been making significant public investments that have yielded spectacular improvements in the health status of their populations. Yet despite such considerable strides, it is nonetheless evident that lay peoples are expressing both more scepticism than in the past and greater mistrust toward medical science and biomedicine, even as they show increasing concern about health risks. In this article we intend to discuss some of the broader opportunities that the analysis of lay risk perceptions offers for appreciating the concerns of lay peoples about health-related issues as well as to provide new insights in population health.

Since World War II, industrialized Western societies have been making significant public investments that have yielded spectacular improvements in the health status of their populations. Yet despite such considerable strides, it is nonetheless evident that lay peoples are expressing both more scepticism than in the past and greater mistrust toward medical science and biomedicine, even as they show increasing concern about health risks. In this article we intend to discuss some of the broader opportunities that the analysis of lay risk perceptions offers for appreciating the concerns of lay peoples about health-related issues as well as to provide new insights in population health.

Although the discovery of mutations on BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes associated with high breast cancer risk has given rise to screening and surveillance initiatives, there is little documentation on why high-risk women choose to enter screening programs. The objective of this qualitative study was to develop a detailed understanding of the experiences and decisions that motivate women with increased risk of hereditary breast cancer to participate in the multicentered Quebec experimental breast screening program. Our study involved 21 participants who were either BRCA carriers or at risk and untested. These women were interviewed while participating in the screening program. Our study demonstrates that intensive screening programs may provide valuable reassurance for women with increased familial risk of hereditary breast cancer, who count on early detection and rapid response from professionals if and when a problem arises. Health professionals must take these and others concerns into account to ensure their interventions are most consistent with women’s needs.

The objectives of this study were to explore the meaning of scientific evidence as it is understood by primary care physicians. Individual interviews were conducted with actors chosen for their roles in the production and use of knowledge: 22 family physicians, 13 specialist physicians, and 6 researchers. Two situations served as points of reference for these discussions: screening for genetic breast cancer and treatment of hypertension. The results suggest that there may be a misunderstanding between the producers of knowledge and primary care practitioners with respect to what constitutes “evidence”— knowledge ready for integration into the clinical practice of primary care. These potential differences go beyond the issues of how information is disseminated. Rather, many of the questions raised by family physicians concern how knowledge is developed. In the interests of fostering better dissemination of new knowledge and encouraging its adoption, new links should be created between knowledge “producers” and potential users.

Objective To identify the reasons for which people fail to take blood-pressure-lowering medication regularly, a qualitative study was conducted. Methods Interviews lasting approximately 90 min were conducted with 27 patients (15 women, 12 men) aged 40–70. The verbatim of the 27 interviews was first read and divided into segments with explanatory value. This was followed by the production of a final text in vignette form for all interviews. An integrative, analytical phase consisted of identifying trends, significant central themes, regularities, and divergences in the vignettes. Results Analysis revealed the explanatory power that 3 broad groups of subjective meanings could hold for given medication noncompliance scenarios. These scenarios are expressing the role of: (1) stress and living conditions in the occasional skipping or deferral of medication-taking; (2) doubt as the motivating factor for transitory, irregular medication use; (3) subjective risk as the motivating factor for persistent irregular use. Conclusion Life and social contexts, doubt and risk subsume extremely meaning-rich constructs that can help identify dilemmas facing people about medication-taking. Practice implications By discussing these dimensions with their patients, health professionals will be better able to understand patient medication behaviors that sometimes run counter to their recommendations.

The Program of Interdisciplinary Family Surgical Procedures (PIFSP), is oriented towards the development of partnerships between families and nurses in order to respond to the specific needs of families with children suffering from health problems. It was implemented by the accumulation of information and expertise respective of the other and in regards to their relevance. A retrospective qualitative study on apprenticeships conducted with parents and nurses during a proposal by PIFSP shows at what point parents' and nurses' educational conduits are linked to faith, thought patterns, perception and behaviour, which corresponds to a specific conception of educational medical procedures in nursing science. This is part of the paradigm structure in educational and nursing science.

The aim of this study is to estimate parents' satisfaction following a surgical procedure on their child. This includes support as well as additional information and documentation for the individual parent (cognitive and emotional), conjugal, parental and other family members. The majority of parents are satisfied with the treatment program, realizing that the treatment enables them to adapt to their new situation, that is, as parents of a newborn child suffering from health problems. This support allows them to recognize and talk about their own fears and emotions as well as those of their partner, to be reassured when facing their child's treatment, and to better understand the available resources. The results of the study show that there are significant differences in regards to the sex of the parent, the diagnosis of the child and the level of income. Mothers of children inflicted with Down's syndrome are more emotionally satisfied with the treatment than fathers, and lower income families are more satisfied with the treatment as well as with the sub-system of family health-care than middle and upper-income families. Parents of children with a labial and/or palatine cleft are more satisfied with the treatment in regards to the family plan than parents of children with Down's syndrome. These results raise several questions that, with more profound deliberation on the adequacy of early medical procedures with regards to the parents of children with health problems, shall not be overlooked. Let us highlight the heuristic qualities of this evaluative approach which possess the same relevance as the questionnaires developed in order to assess the families' satisfaction. After modifications, these questionnaires could eventually be used on different clientele as well.

The aim of this paper is to present results which illustrate the role of the PRECEDE-PROCEED model in the program planning process. Based on the results of an implementation evaluation of the EMPOWER software which supports health programming efforts, we have developed a metaphore to illustrate the use of the model. The following four functions of the model were identified: direction, coordination, articulation and transmission. Analysis of these functions demonstrated the structuring action of the model on planning. It would be interesting to further study how these four functions operate with or without the support of the software, to explore the influence of other health promotion models in their natural settings and to see in which way the same or other functions might be identified.