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1. Contents, Vol. 56, 1992

Author

Karen Curto, Garbiñe Aréchaga, Begoña Sánchez, Maria Inés Rodríguez Vida, Harold Kotzmann, Luis M. Garcia-Segura, Roberta Elisa Rossi, Douglas L. Foster, Ameae M. Walker, Ignacio Torres-Aleman, Francis J. P. Ebling, Jeffrey N. Wiemann, Lucinda Cacicedo, Matti Bergendahl, Carol Rutherford, Tetsu Yano, Andreas Kjaer, Paul E. Gottschall, Jarmo T. Laitinen, Junko Kadowaki, David Venzon, Samuel M. McCann, Victor E. Nahmod, Angelo Margutti, Marceline M. Brown, François Gilbert, María Claudia Kleid, Samuel Finkielman, Dennis W. Matt, Francesco Portaluppi, Gloria E. Hoffman, Maria L. Tedeschi, Harold E. Carlson, Michelle C. Ultmann, Jørgen Warberg, Raffaele Pansini, Elizabeth Spatola, Manuel Ramírez, Paul M. Plotsky, Carol Langford, Ettore C. degli Uberti, Lynn Fabre, S. Salvadori, Franco Sánchez-Franco, Flemming W. Bach, Robert A. Steiner, Raquel Aloyz, Umeko Marubayashi, Sonia García, Abba J. Kastin, Michael J. Woller, Roman Deyssig, Ruth I. Wood, Ricardo Martínez-Murillo, Mohan Viswanathan, Donald K. Clifton, Shim Minami, Juan M. Saavedra, Paul B. Nelson, Andrés Ozaita, Christoph Carl Zielinski, Julie A. Chowen, Fernando Aguado, Ilpo Huhtaniemi, Robert L. Goodman, Thomas Svoboda, Juan Manuel de Gandarias, Ei Terasawa, Giorgio Trasforini, Richard D. Olson, Dipak K. Sarkar, Bruce S. McEwen, Jacek Pinski, Gen Komaki, Osvaldo Vindrola, Ulrich Knigge, Maria Rosaria Ambrosio, Joseph Vassalotti, Scott D. Mendelson, Cecilia Aguila, L Vergnani, Sharada Karanth, Akira Arimura, Pilar Lardelli, C. Scott Whisnant, Helen I’Anson, Rexford S. Ahima, Alan G. Robinson, Martin Clodi, Marie C. Gelato, Kenneth Marsh, Linghe Pan, José Rodrigo, Wolfgang Woloszczuk, Richard E. Harlan, Anton Luger, Teresa Fernández, Timothy E. Sayles, and Andrew V. Schally

Subjects
Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience, medicine.medical_specialty, Endocrinology, Traditional medicine, Endocrine and Autonomic Systems, business.industry, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Internal medicine, Medicine, business
Published
1992
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2. Transient Hyponatremia after Damage to the Neurohypophyseal Tracts

Author

Alan G. Robinson, Michelle C. Ultmann, Paul B. Nelson, and Gloria E. Hoffman

Subjects
Adenoma, Adult, Male, Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System, medicine.medical_specialty, Pituitary gland, Vasopressin, Time Factors, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Rats, Sprague-Dawley, Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience, Endocrinology, Pituitary Gland, Posterior, Pituitary adenoma, Internal medicine, medicine, Animals, Humans, Endocrine and Autonomic Systems, Inappropriate secretion, business.industry, Sodium, medicine.disease, Rats, Arginine Vasopressin, Sprague dawley, medicine.anatomical_structure, Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion, Diabetes insipidus, Female, Hyponatremia, business, Diabetes Insipidus
Abstract

Section of the neurohypophyseal stalk classically produces a triphasic response: diabetes insipidus (1st phase), hyponatremia or normonatremia (2nd phase), and diabetes insipidus (3rd phase). Transient hyponatremia without diabetes insipidus has been reported after transsphenoidal pituitary surgery. We report two additional cases of transient hyponatremia which occurred 6-8 days after pituitary surgery. We hypothesize that this outcome may be due to partial section or damage of the hypothalamiconeurohypophyseal tracts. The remaining intact vasopressin neurons function normally to protect against the diabetes insipidus of the first and third phase, but leak of vasopressin from the damaged tracts and posterior pituitary is sufficient to cause what can be described as an isolated second phase. To study this hypothesis in rats, partial damage to the hypothalamicneurohypophyseal tracts was produced by radiofrequency lesions. The lesions did not affect anterior pituitary function. A variety of responses in posterior pituitary function occurred, including classic triphasic response in 2 rats and transient hyponatremia in 20 of 35 lesioned animals. The mean sodium nadir was 128.7 +/- 1.5 mEq/l in comparison to the sham-operated value of 140.0 +/- 0.4 mEq/l. Of the 20 rats exhibiting transient hyponatremia, 12 went on to develop diabetes insipidus, and 8 recovered. In the recovered group, the transient hyponatremia occurred 1-3 days after lesioning and returned to normal by day 7 which corresponds to the timing of the second phase of the triphasic response in rats. Hyponatremia was accompanied by vasopressin levels inappropriate for the plasma sodium level, inappropriately concentrated urine, water retention, and natriuresis.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Published
1992
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3. Subject Index Vol. 56, 1992

Author

Andrés Ozaita, Umeko Marubayashi, Juan Manuel de Gandarias, Dipak K. Sarkar, Bruce S. McEwen, Maria Rosaria Ambrosio, Julie A. Chowen, Roman Deyssig, María Claudia Kleid, Osvaldo Vindrola, Francis J. P. Ebling, Begoña Sánchez, Harold E. Carlson, Cecilia Aguila, Lucinda Cacicedo, Joseph Vassalotti, Junko Kadowaki, L Vergnani, Pilar Lardelli, Ignacio Torres-Aleman, Angelo Margutti, Akira Arimura, Manuel Ramírez, Richard D. Olson, Ei Terasawa, Giorgio Trasforini, Paul M. Plotsky, Francesco Portaluppi, Lynn Fabre, Gloria E. Hoffman, Linghe Pan, Maria L. Tedeschi, Franco Sánchez-Franco, Sharada Karanth, Michelle C. Ultmann, François Gilbert, Sonia García, Douglas L. Foster, Jørgen Warberg, C. Scott Whisnant, José Rodrigo, Roberta Elisa Rossi, Andrew V. Schally, Ettore C. degli Uberti, Helen I’Anson, Ulrich Knigge, S. Salvadori, Scott D. Mendelson, Robert A. Steiner, Wolfgang Woloszczuk, Andreas Kjaer, Richard E. Harlan, Martin Clodi, Maria Inés Rodríguez Vida, Harold Kotzmann, Samuel M. McCann, Victor E. Nahmod, Jeffrey N. Wiemann, Marie C. Gelato, Michael J. Woller, Carol Rutherford, Mohan Viswanathan, Donald K. Clifton, Dennis W. Matt, Luis M. Garcia-Segura, Kenneth Marsh, Ilpo Huhtaniemi, Gen Komaki, Thomas Svoboda, Raffaele Pansini, Rexford S. Ahima, Garbiñe Aréchaga, Raquel Aloyz, Elizabeth Spatola, Jarmo T. Laitinen, Abba J. Kastin, Alan G. Robinson, Juan M. Saavedra, Anton Luger, Teresa Fernández, Christoph Carl Zielinski, Timothy E. Sayles, Carol Langford, Paul E. Gottschall, Marceline M. Brown, Paul B. Nelson, Fernando Aguado, Samuel Finkielman, Flemming W. Bach, Jacek Pinski, Robert L. Goodman, Ameae M. Walker, Karen Curto, Ruth I. Wood, Ricardo Martínez-Murillo, Shim Minami, David Venzon, Matti Bergendahl, and Tetsu Yano

Subjects
Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience, medicine.medical_specialty, Endocrinology, Index (economics), Endocrine and Autonomic Systems, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Internal medicine, medicine, Medical physics, Subject (documents), Psychology
Published
1992
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4. Pituitary stalk and ectopic hyperintense T1 signal on magnetic resonance imaging. Implications for anterior pituitary dysfunction

Author

David N. Finegold, William L. Hirsch, Michelle C. Ultmann, Thomas P. Foley, and Selma F. Siegel

Subjects
Male, Pituitary gland, Pathology, medicine.medical_specialty, Adolescent, Pituitary Diseases, Hypothalamus, Middle, Choristoma, Hypopituitarism, Anterior pituitary, Pituitary Gland, Posterior, Posterior pituitary, Pituitary Gland, Anterior, medicine, Endocrine system, Humans, Child, Pituitary stalk, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, Infant, Newborn, Infant, Magnetic resonance imaging, Anatomy, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Ectopic Posterior Pituitary, medicine.anatomical_structure, Child, Preschool, Growth Hormone, Female, Hypothalamic Neoplasms, business, Neuroanatomy
Abstract

• Objective. —To determine if improved delineation of hypothalamic-pituitary neuroanatomy by magnetic resonance imaging, especially the posterior pituitary hyperintense T1signal, can be correlated with anterior and posterior pituitary endocrine function. Design. —Children with ectopic posterior pituitary tissue were identified at the Endocrine Clinic of the Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh (Pa) and their records were reviewed. Participants.—Ten children with ectopic posterior pituitary tissue. Measurements. —Anterior pituitary hormone status, determined by standard testing, was correlated with the morphologic anomalies of the hypothalamic-pituitary region on magnetic resonance imaging. Results. —Patients were categorized by the appearance of the pituitary stalk based on the magnetic resonance image: attenuation of the stalk (group 1) or nonvisualization of the stalk (group 2). Patients in group 1 retained partial anterior pituitary function. Patients in group 2 had panhypopituitarism. Conclusion. —Prospective evaluation of affected individuals may provide insight into the pathophysiologic mechanisms of idiopathic hypopituitarism. (AJDC. 1993;147:647-652)

Published
1993

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