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The ADRIREEF project was targeted to valorization of the natural and artificial reefs in the Adriatic Sea according to the principles of the Blue Growth. ARPA Puglia identified the coralligenous reef in the Torre Guaceto MPA (Brindisi, Italy) as a case study for the project purposes. According to the project objectives, the Agency selected some low-impact monitoring methods, like a standard photographic sampling method for the benthic communities and the visual census method to describe the fish assemblages and finally a R.O.V. to test the applied methods and compare the obtained data.

The paper presents a database of information on wrecks, natural and artificial reefs located in the Adriatic Sea, collected within the framework of the Interreg Italy-Croatia project ADRIREEF – Innovative exploitation of Adriatic Reefs in order to strengthen Blue Economy. The data collection lasted more than one year and comprehended three surveys and a wide literature review. After being collected, data were harmonized and, where possible, made machine-readable. Moreover, data were widely metadated, published in a webGIS (https://adrireef.github.io/sandbox3/) and shared as Open Data in EMODnet (European Marine Observation Data network) through the SEANOE repository (Ferrà et al., 2020; http://doi.org/10.17882/74880). The database is composed of 285 three-dimensional records, each one described by 51 attributes. Parameters are clustered in four main groups: identification, reef and site description, management/exploitation information. Available literature (scientific and/or grey) was also included in the database and linked to the corresponding site.

Le passif constitue un objet d’etude depuis fort longtemps et continue a l’etre. Si plusieurs aspects sont desormais acquis (notamment la relation actif-passif non biunivoque, la passivation des verbes transitifs indirects et des intransitifs), de nombreux autres sont encore sujets a controverse (sa definition, statut du verbe etre et du participe passe du passif canonique « etre Vppe », stativite vs dynamicite comme parametre definitoire, focalisation vs occultation du complement d’agent) ou encore insuffisamment analyses (notamment les fonctions et roles des diatheses passives non canoniques). C’est ce a quoi les auteurs de ce numero de ELA tentent de repondre.

Sous l'effet du cadre harmonisateur du droit europeen, les pratiques de la mediation en France et en Italie subissent l'influence de la conception nord-americaine. Sur le plan juridique, la mediation se reduit a un des modes de reglement des conflits visant a eviter le recours a la justice institutionnelle. Sur le plan linguistique, les discours sur la mediation sont de plus en plus emailles d'anglicismes, observables entre autres sur des sites Web officiels ainsi que dans un ouvrage terminographique bilingue. Cette etude illustre cette influence dans une perspective terminologique comparee francais-italien.

Cet article apporte d’abord des precisions sur la forme et la definition des unites lexicales mediation et droits linguistiques. Il montre ensuite leurs liens de parente avec l’ethique et la communication comme processus. Dans l’approche communicationnelle, tout acte de mediation se definit comme une activite ethique de defense des droits linguistiques, qu’il s’agisse d’acces a l’information ou de la garantie de la force argumentative d’un locuteur alloglotte. La mediation linguistique et la mediation linguistico-culturelle prennent alors tout leur sens. Par ailleurs, la revendication de l’etiquette mediation par ces pratiques ne doit pas faire oublier le caractere tiers du mediateur lors de la defense des droits linguistiques et pour le concept autonome de mediation. La fecondite scientifique de l’analyse conjuguee des droits linguistiques et de la mediation est manifeste dans les pistes ouvertes par l’ensemble des interventions de ce dossier d’ELA. L’article en anticipe le contenu et leur sert de preface.

According to the Water Framework Directive (WFD), a specific monitoring of Posidonia oceanica meadows was carried out along the Apulian coasts by the Regional Agency for the Environmental Prevention and Protection (ARPA Puglia). A total of 17 sites, 11 in the Southern Adriatic Sea and 6 in the Northern Ionian Sea were investigated during two consecutive monitoring cycles (2009-2011 and 2012-2014). Sampling procedures as well as laboratory analyses (phenology and lepidochronology) were carried out according to a common methodological protocol shared at Italian national level (D.M. 260/2010) for the final ecological classification (sensu WFD) using the PREI index. In each meadow, two sampling stations were investigated by scuba divers at the fixed depth of 15 m and in correspondence of the lower bathymetric distribution limit. For each station, 9 shoots counting (40x40 cm square) and 3 covering estimates (around 5 m of radius) were carried out. In addition, 18 orthotropic shoots and a sediment sample were collected as well as some other bio-ecological data (meadow continuity, dead matte presence, bottom type, invasive algae presence, flowering, disturbance sources, lower limit type and depth). The results showed that 29% of sites were classified as “GOOD”, 59% were classified as ”MODERATE” while the remaining 12% as “POOR”, with a general slight improvement of the classification in the last monitoring cycle (2012-2014). Although the ecological quality status of the Apulian Posidonia oceanica meadows (summarized by the PREI index values) reflects the distribution of anthropic pressures on the coast (harbours, industrial and urbanized areas, river’s outlets) along a latitudinal gradient, the classification based on the rules (reference conditions and EQR boundaries for the PREI index) reported in the Italian law (D.M. 260/2010) seems to underestimate the real ecological status. Consequently, a revision of both the actual reference conditions and EQR boundaries is suggested for the BQE Posidonia oceanica in the Apulian marine waters, in order to taking account of the environmental features of two different marine basins as the south-western Adriatic Sea and the north-western Ionian Sea.

Summary A comparison of frozen adverbs : PDETC forms in French and in Italian A contrastive analysis is made of some frozen adverbs in French and Italian having the following structure : [N0 V] Prep Det C =: [Max agit] dans la coulisse ([Max agisce] dietro le quinte) The syntactically classified samples were taken from three corpora : the lexicon-grammar of French frozen adverbs (M. Gross 1990a), the lexicon-grammar of Italian frozen adverbs (De Gioia 2001), and the comparative lexicon-grammar of French and Italian frozen adverbs (De Gioia 1995). The analysis focuses on the syntactic functioning of the PDETC adverbs and on their constituent structure in the two languages. Furthermore, since comparative lexicon-grammar enables comparison at a number of levels, the French PDETC adverbs were contrasted with their semantic equivalents in Italian, which are not only PDETC. This allowed a discussion of various types of correspondence. The results of the analysis constitute a useful basis for further contrastive studies and for translation.

Summary This paper presents some of the findings which emerged during the construction of a French-Italian lexicon-grammar of frozen adverbs. A French lexicon-grammar compiled by Maurice Gross (1990) was compared with an Italian lexicon-grammar (De Gioia 1994b) with a view to finding semantically equivalent entries for translation purposes. The results showed that 65% of the French entries can be translated with equivalent adverbial and idiomatic expressions in Italian, giving the lie to the traditionally held view that idiomatic expressions are generally untranslatable. A further analysis of cases of semantic and syntactic equivalence showed that the two languages share many families of frozen adverbs, which can be represented by automata and transducers.

The Lexicon-Grammar of frozen adverbs of comparison has been established for French (M. Gross 1984b), Portuguese (Marques Ranchhod 1990, 1991) and Italian (De Gioia 1994a) in a monolingual perspective. The systematic character of such descriptions allowed us to make an explicit comparison between Italian and Portuguese. The observations we made outlined, on the one hand, that the syntactic properties of these forms are analogous to those of free comparatives, and, on the other hand, that they are largely similar among the Romance languages involved.

In this paper the author presents his lexicon-grammar of frozen adverbs in Italian, in a general way. One of the important conclusions that emerges from the author's research concerns the existence of similar syntactical structures that are classified by Maurice Gross in his lexicon-grammar of frozen adverbs in French. The two group classifications are therefore similar: the same classes and almost the same syntactical-semantical properties and results. At this point a vast comparative work is justifiable. The author therefore wants to take particular account of the contrastive analyses effectuated on two frozen adverb classes. With the outcome of the corresponding situations, the author has been able to make a definate percentage of the semantic, lexical and syntactical equivalences and differences.

International audience; Ce travail a pour objectif d'examiner les propriétés lexico-syntaxiques du verbe coréen pour effectuer une classification syntaxique des constructions verbales. Les données lexicales de ce travail sont obtenues à partir du dictionnaire des verbes simples et composés DECO-VS/DECO-VC. Dans ce travail, nous avons examiné plus de 22000 verbes et décrit leurs structures syntaxiques. Nous les avons groupés en 15 classes en fonction de la distribution des compléments essentiels et des postpositions nominales. Nous présentons des problèmes à résoudre pour une classification systématique des constructions verbales en coréen. Nos travaux menés sur tous les verbes coréens fourniront des informations fondamentales pour l'analyse morpho-syntaxique de textes coréens.

International audience

International audience; Notre étude se concentre sur l'enseignement supérieur et s'intéresse plus précisément à l'enseignement des langues, (sciences de l'éducation), dans le contexte actuel fortement internationalisé. Il s'agit bien de médiation qualifiée d'interculturelle que défendent les textes officiels spécifiques à ce champ disciplinaire. Cependant, en se penchant sur les textes officiels accompagnant les enseignements de langues, c'est-à-dire, des textes émanant de la commission européenne, de groupes de recherche en didactique des langues et des cultures, soutenus là encore par l'Union Européenne ou l'UNESCO, un glissement terminologique apparaît et l'on relèvera ainsi l'emploi de " médiation culturelle et " médiation interculturelle " ou encore " négociation " de façon quasi indifférenciée. C'est pourquoi dans ce travail, nous chercherons à analyser les emplois contextualisés de ces deux expressions, afin de préciser notre définition de la médiation interculturelle, d'en faire ressortir le concept unique, parfois dissolu dans les multiples références terminologiques. Notre linguistique de corpus, en s'appuyant sur les travaux de Maingueneau sur la sémantique globale (1984), visera à faire ressortir les enjeux de la médiation interculturelle. Pour ce faire nous retiendrons une deuxième perspective d'analyse, inspirée de la méthodologie de Gioia et Marcon (2014) où on interroge les métadiscours autour des processus de médiation. Le logiciel d'analyse textuelle TROPE nous permettra de confirmer -ou réfuter- toute intuition déductive. Lors de nos mises en relations des univers de références utilisées dans les discours. La précision conceptuelle visée à travers ce travail relève non seulement d'un objectif théorique mais s'inscrit dans une urgence pratique : la légitimation du travail des acteurs de médiation interculturelle au sein des instituts d'enseignement supérieur.

GLAT : Groupe de Linguistique Appliquée des Télécommunications; International audience

FORLIXT est un grand corpus multimédia constitué de films et de séries télévisées originaux alignés au versions doublées et/ou sous-titrées. Étant à la fois une base de données multimédia et multilingue, FORLIXT constitue un défi quant à synchronisation des données, indexation et consultation. Dans cette contribution nous nous pencherons sur les critères de construction et d’exploitation du corpus et illustrerons à titre d’exemple une étude descriptive et contrastive portant sur le marqueur discursif quoi.

This paper deals with a semantic classification of Hungarian predicates of motion on the basis of their morpho-syntactical features. Hungarian verbs and nouns could be combined with a great amount of prefixes, suffixes and postpositions where French, for example, usually uses prepositions or paraphrases. We present the methodology we adopted and the tools we developed to describe this combinative morphological system and its consequences on the syntactical and semantic behavior of predicates of motion.

International audience; Lexicon-Grammar tables constitute a large-coverage syntactic lexicon but they cannot be directly used in Natural Language Processing (NLP) applications because they sometimes rely on implicit information. In this paper, we introduce LGExtract, a generic tool for generating a syntactic lexicon for NLP from the Lexicon-Grammar tables. It is based on a global table that contains undefined information and on a unique extraction script including all operations to be performed for all tables. We also present an experiment that has been conducted to generate a new lexicon of French verbs and predicative nouns.

I principi che stabiliscono il comportamento hanno, il più delle volte, rappresentato il punto debole dell'uomo, e malgrado le apparenze ingannevoli, la morale è stata sempre un problema irrisolto. Le difficoltà, però, si accentuano in occasioni precise. Lo sviluppo della morale filosofica, nella Grecia di Socrate, fu il segno di una vasta crisi sociale: la civiltà si stabiliva, le vecchie leggi religiose non bastavano più. Nella presente trattazione si sottolinea come la crisi attuale non è meno sorprendente e le sue conseguenze risultano tanto più degne di attenzione in quanto ancora non possiamo né conoscerle interamente, né misurarne l'ampiezza.

International audience