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International audience; Aims: Despite regularly updated guidelines, there is still a delay in referral of advanced heart failure patients to mechanical circulatory support and transplant centres. We aimed to analyse characteristics and outcome of non-inotrope-dependent patients implanted with a left ventricular assist device (LVAD).Methods and results: The ASSIST-ICD registry collected LVAD data in 19 centres in France between February 2006 and December 2016. We used data of patients in Interagency Registry for Mechanically Assisted Circulatory Support Classes 4-7. The primary endpoint was survival analysis. Predictors of mortality were searched with multivariable analyses. A total of 303 patients (mean age 61.0 ± 9.9 years, male sex 86.8%) were included in the present analysis. Ischaemic cardiomyopathy was the leading heart failure aetiology (64%), and bridge to transplantation was the main implantation strategy (56.1%). The overall likelihood of being alive while on LVAD support or having a transplant at 1, 2, 3, and 5 years was 66%, 61.7%, 58.7%, and 55.1%, respectively. Age [hazard ratio (HR) 1.03, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.00-1.05; P = 0.02], a concomitant procedure (HR 2.32, 95% CI 1.52-3.53; P < 0.0001), and temporary mechanical right ventricular support during LVAD implantation (HR 2.94, 95% CI 1.49-5.77; P = 0.002) were the only independent variables associated with mortality. Heart failure medications before or after LVAD implantation were not associated with survival.Conclusion: Ambulatory heart failure patients displayed unsatisfactory survival rates after LVAD implantation. A better selection of patients who can benefit from LVAD may help improving outcomes.

International audience; Background: Left ventricular assist device (LVAD) implantation may be an attractive alternative therapeutic option for elderly patients with heart failure who are ineligible for heart transplantation.Aim: We aimed to describe the characteristics and outcomes of elderly patients (i.e. aged ≥ 70 years) receiving an LVAD.Methods; This observational study was conducted in 19 centres between 2006 and 2016. Patients were divided into two groups–younger (aged < 70 years) and elderly (aged ≥ 70 years), based on age at time of LVAD implantation.Results: A total of 652 patients were included in the final analysis, and 74 patients (11.3%) were aged ≥ 70 years at the time of LVAD implantation (maximal age 77.6 years). The proportion of elderly patients receiving an LVAD each year was constant, with a median of 10.6% (interquartile range 8.0–15.4%) per year, and all were implanted as destination therapy. Elderly and younger patients had similar durations of hospitalization in intensive care units and total lengths of hospital stays. Both age groups experienced similar rates of LVAD-related complications (i.e. stroke, bleeding, driveline infection and LVAD exchange), and the occurrence of LVAD complications did not impact survival in the elderly group compared with the younger group. Lastly, when compared with younger patients implanted as destination therapy, the elderly group also exhibited similar mid-term survival.Conclusion:This work strongly suggests that selected elderly adults can be scheduled for LVAD implantation.; Contexte: L’implantation d’une assistance cardiaque de longue durée (LVAD) peut être une séduisante alternative thérapeutique pour les patients insuffisants cardiaques âgés non éligible à une transplantation cardiaque.Objectif: Dans cette étude, nous décrivons les caractéristiques et résultats de l’implantation d’une assistance cardiaque mono-ventriculaire gauche chez des patients âgés de plus de 70 ans.Méthodes: Les patients implantés d’un LVAD dans 19 centres français entre 2006 et 2016 ont été inclus et divisés en deux groupes suivant l’âge à l’implantation (≥ 70 ou < 70 ans).Résultats: Un total de 652 patients ont été inclus et 74 (11,3 %) étaient âgés de plus de 70 ans à l’implantation du LVAD (maximal à 77,6 ans). La proportion de patients ayant ≥ 70 ans implanté d’un LVAD est constante chaque année avec une médiane de 10,6 % (8,0–15,4 %). Les 74 patients ont tous été implantés en thérapie définitive. Les deux groupes ont une durée d’hospitalisation (en réanimation et totale) similaire et développent un pourcentage identique de complications en lien avec le LVAD (accidents ischémiques, saignement, infection de câble, changement de LVAD). Le survenue d’une complication n’impact pas la survie chez les patients ≥ 70 ans par rapport au groupe < 70 ans. Enfin, parmi le sous-groupe de patients implantés en thérapie définitive, les deux populations (≥ 0 ou < 70 ans) ont une survie identique.Conclusion: Ce travail suggère que des patients insuffisants cardiaques âgés de plus de 70 ans et bien sélectionnés peuvent être de bons candidats à l’implantation d’un LVAD.

JCTCV:21(3), Aim: Long-term mechanical circulatory support is increasingly being used to deal with end-stage heart failure. The objective of this retrospective monocentric study was to evaluate the short- and mid-term evolution of patients receiving left ventricular assist device (LVAD) implanted by left thoracotomy without cardiopulmonary bypass at our center. Methods and results: Eighteen patients (17 males) aged 63.3 ± 7.3 years received LVAD between November 2012 and August 2016 (15 [83%] as destination therapy and 3 [17%] as a bridge to transplant). Aetiology was ischemic cardiopathy for 13 (72%) cases and dilated cardiomyopathy for 5 (28%) cases. The follow-up time was 17 months and survival at 12 months was 66% (73% in the subgroup of patients implanted as destination therapy), with acceptable postoperative complications. Conclusion: This approach is technically feasible without cardiopulmonary bypass and is a potential alternative to conventional medial sternotomy, especially for redo patients. However, its place has yet to be defined, in particular in patients who require a subsequent heart transplant.

JCTCV:21(2), Objective: To assess hospital morbi-mortality of isolated aortic valve replacement (AVR) in a monocentric cohort of octogenarians. Methods: Between 2002 and 2014, 769 octogenarian patients, male in 46.4% (n=357), with a mean age of 82.7±2.4 years [range: 80–94.4], underwent isolated AVR with implantation of a biological valvular prosthesis in our center. The main surgical indication was aortic stenosis in 79.3% of patients. Patients who underwent redo surgeries were excluded from the study. Results: The hospital mortality rate was 1.95% (n=15) with a Euroscore 2 average of 2.7±3 [range: 0.9–41.2]. Mean intensive care unit stay was 3.1 ±4.5 days with a total hospital stay of 13.5±7.9 days. The main postoperative complications included blood transfusion (62.5%), renal failure (15.6%) requiring dialysis in 2.7 % of the cases, para-prosthesis aortic insufficiency (1 to 2/4) (3.4%), prolonged artificial ventilation (>48h) (2.9%), pace-maker implantation (1.4%), stroke (1.2%) and mediastinitis (0.5%). Multivariate predictors of hospital mortality were cardiogenic shock (OR=34.8 [4.2–215.9]), and a BMI greater than 30 (OR 4.5 [1.3–16.2]). Conclusion: Currently, aortic valve replacement in octogenarians is a reliable surgery with a low hospital morbi-mortality rate. It also provides effective identification of patients at risk.

in this article, the use of Parisian urban furniture as a medium for communicating advertising is analyzed drawing from the perspectives of the audrillardian consumerism and the concept of Junkspace introduced by Rem Koolhaas. Three examples of advertising integrated into the city are presented and analyzed via-à-vis these theoretical frameworks. Three extensions of the Baudrillardian concept of seduction are proposed: i) the seduction through the sign of the familial, offered by the Grands Magasins’ shop-windows, ii) the seduction by integration, reached by the Morris column, and iii) the seduction by the ambition of belonging to a reference-group, incited by a panel-siding. The characterization of the embodiments of Junkspace into contemporary Paris, as well as a reflection on the subtle and spectacular seduction of consumption through the inevitability of everyday in this city, are then advocated., A utilização do mobiliário urbano parisience como veículo para comunicar a publicidade é analisada sob a ótica do consumerismo baudrillardiano e da concepção de Junkspace de Rem Koolhaas. Três exemplos de peças publicitárias integradas ao urbano são apresentados e analisados via-à-vis estes referenciais teóricos. Três extensões do conceito baudrillardiano de sedução são propostos: i) a sedução através do signo familial, proporcionada pelas vitrines dos Grands Magasins, ii) a sedução pela integração, alcançada pela coluna Morris, e iii) a sedução pela ambição de pertencimento a um grupo de referência, incitado por um tapume-painel. A caracterização da corporificação do Junkspace na Paris contemporânea, bem como uma reflexão sobre a sutileza da sedução espetacular do consumo através da inevitabilidade do cotidiano nesta cidade são, por fim, argüidos. Abstract: in this article, the use of Parisian urban furniture as a medium for communicating advertising is analyzed drawing from the perspectives of the Baudrillardian consumerism and the concept of Junkspace introduced by Rem Koolhaas. Three examples of advertising integrated into the city are presented and analyzed via-à-vis these theoretical frameworks. Three extensions of the Baudrillardian concept of seduction are proposed: i) the seduction through the sign of the familial, offered by the Grands Magasins' shop-windows, ii) the seduction by integration, reached by the Morris column, and iii) the seduction by the

While there is growing recognition about the role of informal networks in organizations and the importance of energizers in the workplace, chances are that managers and organizations are missing a potentially devastating expense: de-energizers. Over the past decade we've studied the effects of negative or de-energizing ties, defined as enduring, recurring set of negative judgments, feelings, and behavioral intentions towards another person. While de-energizing ties may represent a relatively small proportion of ties, they have a disproportionately potent effect on individuals, other employees, and teams within organizations. At the individual level de-energizing relationships can result in blocked opportunities, decreased motivation, and even organizational isolation. The consequences include decreased levels of thriving, lower performance, and increased likelihood of exit. The effects on others are very similar. Countless co-workers often get sucked into these negative situations. At the team level de-energizing ties can cause more conflict, lower team cohesion and trust, and decrease boundary spanning activity. The result is less access to critical information, a decrease in the ability to solve problems, and overall lower team performance. De-energizing ties are not insurmountable, though. Managerial actions, such as conflict resolution, training and mentoring, as well as staffing changes, can change the dynamics of informal organizational networks and minimize the effects of de-energizing ties. Likewise, individual actions such as better awareness and strategic management of one's own network can decrease the effects of de-energizing relationships. In this article we detail these and other recommendations for leaders and individuals to manage the effects of de-energizing ties

For the past decade it has been pointed out that employee perspectives on and reactions to HRM should be reinstated within the relationship between HRM practices and performance, since employees are deemed critical to organizational outcomes. Furthermore, research has shown the limited effect of financial compensation practices on employee commitment and retention. The scarce theoretically grounded studies which have examined expatriate compensation have been guided by the view that financial compensation is a pivotal control and incentive mechanism, a flexible means to achieve corporate outcomes. This dissertation considers expatriate compensation from an individual perspective. It comprises four articles, of which three are based on empirical data. The first theoretical article brings to the fore the necessity of considering expatriate compensation as embedded into the employment relationship, which is itself entwined with the international environment of the expatriation. In the second article the relationship between expatriates' state of psychological contract related to their compensation package and affective commitment is investigated using quantitative empirical data. The third article examines more closely this previous relationship by considering the mediating role of perceived employer obligations. The fourth articles uses qualitative interview data to investigate, from a total reward perspective, what factors influence career decisions of global careerists. The dissertation shows that organizations would do well to encompass rewards most valued by expatriates into their compensation packages. Secondly, it shows that expatriates systematically assess their total reward package, interpret and give meaning to compensation signals in terms of fulfillment of perceived employer obligations. Simultaneously they re-adapt or adjust their attitudes at any moment through their employment relationship. Thus to retain expatriates organizations might do well to pay more attention to what expatriates value most in their employment relationship rather than simply paying them more.

This study examines whether there is a linkage between the quality of corporate structure and the pricing of discretionary accruals, for a sample of French firms from the SBF 250. To approach the concept of corporate governance that covers several measurements: the board of directors and its committees, we used the method of data envelopment analysis (DEA). The findings indicate that the association between stock return and discretionary accruals is greater for firms having a good corporate governance structure. Furthermore, discretionary accruals have a greater association with future profitability for firms that have good corporate governance., L'objet de cet article est de tester l'effet de la qualité du gouvernement d'entreprise sur le contenu informationnel des accruals discrétionnaires sur des sociétés non financières du SBF 250. Pour approcher le concept de gouvernement d'entreprise qui recouvre plusieurs dimensions à savoir : le conseil d'administration et ses comités, nous avons utilisé la méthode de l'analyse de l'enveloppement des données (AED). Les résultats indiquent que la qualité du de gouvernement d'entreprise affecte le contenu informationnel des accruals discrétionnaires. Plus loin, la qualité du gouvernement d'entreprise affecte la capacité prédictive des accruals discrétionnaires.

The subject of this article, inspired by the compensation theory, is to discover the short and long term effect of technological innovations diffusion on employment in the case of developing countries, especially in Tunisia. Our results show that, even if in the short term, the effect of imported technological innovation and patents on employment is positive; this effect is negative in the medium and the long term. This result contradicts the theoretical predictions. This can be explained by the fact that Tunisian economy remains basically consumer and little productive of technological innovation. The complementarities between capital and job explain the increase of job opportunities with the increase of the imported technologies in short term. However, in medium and long term, Tunisian firms seem unable to put their technology in level. In most firms, the majority of inputs are imported and the use of obsolete machines and not much qualified employees is frequent. The process therefore does not implicate learning, nor massive training of technicians and engineers, and nor the production of similar technologies. When firms take advantage of the new technologies, the investors are encouraged to create more firms and new jobs. Moreover, the existence of the constraints of employees' mobility seems to prevent the functioning of the compensation mechanisms., L'objectif de cet article est, en s'inspirant de la théorie de compensation, de déterminer les effets, de court et de long terme, de la diffusion des innovations technologiques sur l'emploi pour le cas d'un pays en développement (en l'occurrence la Tunisie). Nos résultats montrent que, si l'effet à court terme des innovations technologiques importées et des brevets sur l'emploi est positif, cet effet est négatif à moyen et long terme. Ce résultat contredit les prédictions théoriques. Cette contradiction peut être expliquée par le fait que l'économie tunisienne demeure fondamentalement consommatrice et encore très peu productrice des innovations technologiques. La complémentarité entre capital et travail explique ainsi l'augmentation de court terme de l'emploi suite à l'augmentation des importations de technologies. Néanmoins, à moyen et long terme les entreprises tunisiennes semblent ne pas pouvoir mettre leur technologie à niveau. Dans la plupart des entreprises, la majorité des inputs sont importés employant des machines souvent déjà obsolètes et une main d'oeuvre très peu qualifiée. Le processus n'implique donc pas l'apprentissage, ni la formation massive de cadres ou de techniciens, ni la production de technologies similaires. Quand les firmes peuvent tirer parti des nouvelles technologies, les investisseurs sont encouragés à créer des entreprises et des emplois nouveaux. S'ajoute l'existence de contraintes à la mobilité de la main-d'oeuvre. Ces contraintes semblent avoir empêcher le bon fonctionnement des mécanismes de compensation

Working paper serie RMT (WPS 10-05) , 24 p.; The creative intelligence lies in the framework of the "intelligent" way which must be used to assure creativity and, thus, innovation. As its name suggests, the creative intelligence excludes imitation. Therefore, firstly, it requires an important R&D investment that manifests itself in the developed countries. The resulting technological change seems to be a necessary but insufficient condition to assure innovation. Indeed, two other factors are necessary for that: the patent, as a form of protection of the rights of intellectual property, and the human capital (and thus education). The resulting innovation can be of two forms: either horizontal or vertical, though more interest should be given to vertical innovations since there is a priority of households for quality.

The existing literature on Chief Knowledge Officers (CKOs) focuses on individual characteristics and organizational context but fails to convincingly address the issue of process dynamics in terms of effective and ineffective CKO moves and strategies. In order to address this gap we review propositions from the management fashion, diffusion of innovations and issue selling literatures, and identify sets of effective and ineffective CKO process moves based on an empirical study of CKOs in large industrial and financial service companies in Germany and Switzerland. The paper proposes an agenda for future CKO research, and concludes with a set of guidelines for organizational practice., La littérature existante concernant les "Chief Knowledge Officers" (CKOs) traite des caractéristiques individuelles ainsi que des contextes organisationnels, mais ne donne pas de réponses convaincantes quant aux stratégies concrètes que ces acteurs choisissent pour assurer la mise en oeuvre de leurs projets de "knowledge management". Pour fournir des éléments de réponse à cette question, nous nous appuyons sur des recherches portant sur les modes managériales, la diffusion des innovations, et les processus de "issue selling" organisationnel. Nous nous basons sur une étude empirique menée auprès d'un échantillon de CKOs dans plusieurs grandes entreprises en Allemagne et en Suisse afin d'identifier des stratégies efficaces et inefficaces pour la mise en oeuvre de projets de "knowledge management". Notre article propose un agenda de recherche et développe un ensemble de suggestions pour la pratique organisationnelle du "knowledge management".