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Acilius sinensis Peschet, 1915 (Figs 1–29) Material examined. CHINA: YUNNAN: 2 Ô 2 ♀, 3 instar I, 4 instar II and 1 instar III larvae, Baoshan Prefecture, Tengchong County, Gaoligong Mts NNR, Dahaoping vill., 24°58.6’N 98°43.8’E, 2000 m, deep pool along road, 5.vii.2016, J. Hájek & J. Růžička leg. (NMPC, YALC, ZSMG); 1 Ô 1 ♀, Dehong Prefecture, Yingjiang County, ca. 25.09°N 98.23°E, 2000 m, 14.iv.2020, Zhao-Wei Guo leg. (SYSU); 1 ♀, Dehong Prefecture, Yingjiang [County], iv.2021, Mang Yun [leg.] (ZSMG). 1 ♀, Diqing Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Shangri-La County, Haba Snow Mountain (ȒUḦƜ), 20.v.2020, Wang Peng leg. (SYSU). Larval morphology General morphological characteristics of the larvae of Acilius (adapted from Alarie et al. 2011, 2023): Larvae of Acilius can readily be distinguished from those of other genera of Aciliini described in detail (i.e., Graphoderus, Sandracottus, Thermonectus) by the following combination of characters: primary pore MNa inserted at approximately the same level as pore MNb (Fig. 10), presence of less than 19 additional spiniform setae on the dorsal surface of stipes (instar I) (Fig. 8), all maxillary palpomeres with abundant spinulae (instar I) (Fig. 8), median process of prementum Y-shaped, bifid from the base (Figs 11–12), and presence of 13–23 anteroventral additional natatory setae on femur (instar I) (Fig. 13) (Table 2). Description, instar I (Figs 1–2, 4–17) Color: Body predominantly creamy white to pale yellow; head capsule yellow, creamy white around ocularium; head appendages creamy white except A4, apex of A3, MP3 and LP2 piceous; thoracic terga and legs pale yellow; abdominal terga pale yellow except segment VIII with black band mesally at about mid-length, gradually broadening towards apex; urogomphi black. Body: Subcylindrical, bent at first abdominal segment, gibbous in lateral view (Figs 1–2). Measurements and ratios aimed to characterize body shape as in Table 1. Head (Figs 4–12): Head capsule (Figs 4–5) flattened, subtriangular, longer than broad; maximum width at stemmata, constricted at level of occipital region; occipital suture absent, ecdysial line well marked; occipital foramen deeply emarginate both dorsally and ventrally; epicranial plates meeting ventrally, posterior tentorial pits visible ventrally on central region; surface covered with small scale-like microsculptures; frontoclypeus subtriangular, apical margin rounded medially, with one spine-like egg burster on each lateral side; anterolateral lobes (= adnasalia) rounded, not projecting beyond apical margin; six rounded dorsolateral stemmata at each side, stemmata protruding a short distance from head surface, two anterodorsal ones strongly developed. Antenna (Figs 6–7) short, robust, four-segmented, half as long as HW; A1 and A2 subequal in length; A3 longest, with a strongly developed ventroapical spinula; A4 shortest, with lateroventral process at mid-length, similar to that of A3; A3’ not protruding; A1–A3 covered with short spine-like spinulae. Mandible (Fig. 10) prominent, falciform, wide at base, sharp apically, with short spine-like spinulae along baso-external margin and short-hair-like spinulae distally along inner margin; mandibular channel present, inner margin slightly toothed ventrally. Maxilla (Figs 8–9) with cardo well developed; stipes strongly developed, subtrapezoidal, antero-internal angle projecting inwards, internal margin with short spinulae; palpifer very short, broad, incompletely sclerotized; palpus short, robust, three-segmented, MP1 shortest, MP3 longest, with lateroventral subapical process similar to those of antenna; palpomeres covered with scattered minute spinulae; galea well developed, spiniform, subconical, slightly curved inwards, surface covered with scattered minute spinulae. Labium (Figs 11–12) with prementum subtrapezoidal, somewhat pear-like, longer than broad, anterodorsal margin rounded, projecting forward into Y-shaped median process, deeply indented apically; dorsal surface of prementum densely covered with either minute (apical half) or elongate (basal half) spine-like spinulae; labial palpus short, robust, two-segmented, palpomeres subequal in length, with strong spine-like spinulae along external margin. Thorax (Figs 13–14): Terga convex, pronotum about as long as meso- and metanotum combined, meso- and metanotum subequal; protergite subrectangular, margins truncated, more developed than meso- and metatergite; meso- and metatergite transverse, with anterotransverse carina; sagittal line well marked; venter membranous; spiracles absent. Legs (Figs 13–14) long, composed of six articles; L2 longest, slightly longer than subequal L1 and L3; CO robust, elongate, TR divided into two parts by an annulus, FE, TI and TA slender, subcylindrical, PT with two long, slender, almost straight claws, posterior claw shorter than anterior one; leg articles densely covered with minute spine-like spinulae (not represented); protarsus with a row of well-developed spinulae along ventral margin on distal half. Abdomen (Figs 15–17): Eight-segmented, segments I–VI sclerotized dorsally, membranous ventrally; segments III–V widest, remaining segments progressively narrowing to apex; tergites I–VI similar to each other, narrow, transverse, laterally rounded, with anterotransverse carina, sagittal line present on anterior third; segment VII somewhat longer, completely sclerotized except of narrow sagittal line ventrally, without anterotransverse carina; spiracles absent on segments I–VII; LAS (Figs 15–16) longest, completely sclerotized, ring-like, without anterotransverse carina, covered with short spinulae (not represented); siphon reduced. Urogomphus (Fig. 17) short, one-segmented, covered with short spinulae (not represented). Chaetotaxy (Figs 4–17): Similar to that of generalized Dytiscinae larvae (Alarie et al. 2011) except for following characteristics: frontoclypeus with large number of well-developed lamellae clypeales arranged in three/ four mixed rows; more dorsal setae often smaller, digitiform, more ventral setae with more or less well-impressed apical notches; parietal with pores PAl and PAm absent; maxilla with seta MX 6 absent; stipes with 14–19 elongate and spine-like additional setae on dorsal surface (Fig. 8); maxillary palpomere III with presence of two very small additional setae (Figs 8–9); prementum with two additional spiniform setae on each side of median process (Fig. 11); legs (Figs 13–14) with pores TAc, TAd, TAe, and TAf and setae TR2, FE4, FE5, PT1 and PT2 absent; seta TI4 elongate and hair-like; seta TI5 hair-like (difficult to see owing to presence of several additional setae); femora with additional hair-like natatory setae along anteroventral and posterodorsal margins, and 3–5 anterodistal spine-like setae (Table 2): tibiae with additional hair-like natatory setae along anteroventral and posterodorsal margins and 0–2 anterodistal spine-like setae (Table 2); LAS (Figs 15–16) with pore ABc absent; additional pore sporadically present dorsally; lateral margin with large number of additional natatory setae. Description, instar II (Figs 3, 18–22) As for instar I except as follows: Color: Body predominantly yellow to pale brown (Fig. 3); head capsule yellow, brownish mesally; thoracic terga pale brown, darker mesally; femora broadly piceous proximally; abdominal terga I–VII pale brown, darker mesally; abdominal segment VIII creamy white anteriorly becoming dark brown to black posteriorly. Body: Measurements and ratios aimed to characterize body shape as in Table 1. Head (Figs 18–20): Head capsule: surface spinulae absent except mesally, over occipital region. Antenna: A4/ A3 = 0.21–0.22; Maxilla: PPF/MP1 = 0.19–0.29; GA/MP1 = 2.00–2.05; MP/LP = 0.51–0.53; LP2/LP1 = 0.69–0.84; antennomeres, maxillary palpomeres and mandible lacking spinulae. Thorax (Figs 21–22): single ventral sclerite present on prothorax. Legs (Figs 21–22): L3/HW = 2.90–3.08; surface spinulae lacking; marginal ventral spine-like spinulae along distal half of all tarsi. Abdomen: segment VII completely sclerotized, ring-like, with anterotransverse carina; LAS and U without spinulae. Chaetotaxy (Figs 18–22): Dorsal surface of head capsule with numerous short secondary setae; ventral surface of parietale with 12–15 spiniform setae laterally and 4–7 mesally (Fig. 18); antennomere I with minute secondary setae dorsally (as in Fig. 24); mandible with a row of elongate secondary hair-like setae along basoexternal margin (Fig. 19); maxillary stipes with a row of 31–34 elongate spine-like setae dorsally (including both additional and secondary), and a row of secondary hair-like setae along dorsoexternal margin (Fig. 20); secondary leg setation detailed in Table 3;rows of secondary natatory setae present along posterodorsal margin and basal half of anteroventral margin of tarsi; posterior surface of femora and tibiae with linear row of minute secondary pores below rows of natatory setae (not represented); abdominal segment VII with row of natatory setae on lateral margin; LAS with secondary hair-like setae dorsally and numerous secondary spine-like setae ventrally. Description, instar III (Figs 23–27) As for instar II except as follows: Color: Body predominantly dark yellow broadly brownish mesally; head capsule dark brown mesally. Body: Measurements and ratios aimed to characterize body shape as in Table 1. Head (Figs 23–25): Antenna (Fig. 23): A1/A3 = 2.00; A2/A3 = 1.09; A2 and A3 secondarily subdivided. Maxilla (Fig. 24): MP3 secondarily subdivided; MP3/MP2 = 1.18; GA/MP1 = 1.45. Thorax (Figs 26–27): Spiracles present on mesothorax. Legs (Figs 26–27): L3/HW = 3.45. Abdomen: Sagittal line and spiracles present on segments I–VII. Chaetotaxy (Figs 23–27): Parietal with several secondary spine-like setae laterally and ventrally (Fig. 23); mandible with larger number of minute secondary setae distally; secondary leg setation detailed in Table 3 (Figs 26–27). Habitat and collecting circumstances. Larvae and adults of Acilius sinensis from Dahaoping were collected together in a flooded ditch near the village (Fig. 30) The ditch was shady, rather deep (depth ca. 0.5 m), without any submerged vegetation, bottom was muddy with layer of decaying leaves; the ditch was frequently visited by domestic ducks from the nearby homestead; the only other dytiscid species occurring at the habitat was Laccophilus kempi holmeni Brancucci, 1983. A single female from Haba Xueshan (Figs 28–29) was collected in a mountain lake. Distribution. Mountainous areas (ca. 1700–2000 m a.s.l.) of Sichuan and Yunnan provinces, China. The only record from Sichuan is imprecisely localized type specimens; historical records from Yunnan came from north-east part of the province, recent findings are all from western Yunnan (Fig. 31)., Published as part of Alarie, Yves, Mai, Zuqi, Michat, Mariano C. & Hájek, Jiří, 2023, Larval morphology and new records of the iconic diving beetle Acilius sinensis Peschet, 1915 (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae: Dytiscinae) - a species well established in western Yunnan, China, pp. 277-291 in Zootaxa 5301 (2) on pages 279-287, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5301.2.8, http://zenodo.org/record/8066221, {"references":["Peschet, R. (1915) Description d'un Acilius nouveau de Chine (Col. Dytiscidae). Bulletin de la Societe Entomologique de France, 1915, 288 - 290. https: // doi. org / 10.3406 / bsef. 1915.25829","Alarie, Y., Michat, M. C. & Miller, K. B. (2011) Notation of primary setae and pores on larvae of Dytiscinae (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae), with phylogenetic considerations. Zootaxa, 3087 (1), 1 - 55. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3087.1.1","Brancucci, M. (1983) Revision des especes est-palearctiques, orientales et australiennes du genre Laccophilus (Col. Dytiscidae). Entomologische Arbeiten aus dem Museum G. Frey, 31 / 32, 241 - 426."]}

Alarie, Yves, Mai, Zuqi, Michat, Mariano C., Hájek, Jiří (2023): Larval morphology and new records of the iconic diving beetle Acilius sinensis Peschet, 1915 (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae: Dytiscinae)-a species well established in western Yunnan, China. Zootaxa 5301 (2): 277-291, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5301.2.8, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5301.2.8

Hovahydrus sp. near H. minutissimus (Régimbart, 1903) Source of material. The four instar III larvae studied were associated with adults collected at the following locality: Madagascar: Antsiranana: Sava Marojejy National Park:mid-high altitude rainforest: watersource stream to camp III, 100 m from camp, MAD18-34. 14.4373S, 49.7428E, 1330 m, 11.II.2018. Leg J. Bergsten & T. Ranarilalatiana. Diagnosis (instar III). The instar III larvae of Hovahydrus sp. can easily be distinguished from those of H. praetextus by the following combination of characters: smaller size, HL = 0.71–0.76 mm; head capsule sagittate, frontoclypeus broad, subquadrate apically (Fig. 2); parietale with a reduced number of temporal spines in dorsal view (Fig. 2); metathoracic leg elongate,> 3.00 times HW; femora, tibiae and tarsi with a lesser number of secondary setae (Figs 9–10; Table 2); abdominal segment VIII distinctly constricted at point of insertion of urogomphi (Fig. 11)., Published as part of Alarie, Yves, Michat, Mariano C., Ranarilalatiana, Tolotra & Bergsten, Johannes, 2022, Larval morphology of the Madagascan endemic diving beetle genus Hovahydrus Biström, 1982 (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae) and phylogenetic comparison with other known Hyphydrini, pp. 227-246 in Zootaxa 5219 (3) on page 231, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5219.3.2, {"references":["Regimbart, M. (1903) Coleopteres aquatiques (Haliplidae, Dytiscidae, Gyrinidae et Hydrophilidae) recueillis dans le sud de Madagascar par M. Ch. Alluaud (juillet 1900 - mai 1901). Annales de la Societe Entomologique de France, 72, 1 - 51."]}

Hovahydrus praetextus (Guignot, 1951) (Figs 13–16) Source of material. The only instar III larva studied was associated with adults collected at the following locality: Madagascar: Antsiranana: Sava Marojejy National Park:alpine, above treeline:small clearwater stream with knee-deep pools, below summit: MAD18-31. 14.4506S, 49.7318E, 2060 m, 10.II.2018. Leg J. Bergsten & T. Ranarilalatiana. Diagnosis (instar III). The instar III larvae of Hovahydrus praetextus can easily be distinguished from those of Hovahydrus sp. by the following combination of characters: larger size, HL = 1.13 mm; head capsule pear-shaped, frontoclypeus narrower, rounded apically (Fig. 13); parietale with a large number of temporal spines in dorsal view (Fig. 13); metathoracic leg shorter, Published as part of Alarie, Yves, Michat, Mariano C., Ranarilalatiana, Tolotra & Bergsten, Johannes, 2022, Larval morphology of the Madagascan endemic diving beetle genus Hovahydrus Biström, 1982 (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae) and phylogenetic comparison with other known Hyphydrini, pp. 227-246 in Zootaxa 5219 (3) on page 232, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5219.3.2, {"references":["Guignot, F. (1951) Nouvelles especes de dytiscides et gyrinides de Madagascar (Coleopteres). Le Naturaliste Malgache, 3, 47 - 50."]}

Exocelina australiae (Clark, 1863) Source of material. The three instar III larvae studied were collected in association with adults at the following locality: South Australia. Ten kilometers North of Forreston, 9.VIII.1999; C. H. S. Watts leg. Diagnosis (instar III). The third instar of Exocelina australiae can easily be distinguished from that of the other species studied in this paper by the following combination of characters: HL = 1.85–1.90 mm; L3> 2.90 mm; U> 0.50 mm; head capsule subquadrate, strongly constricted at level of occipital region (Fig. 54), scale-like sculpticels present over frontoclypeus and parietale; anterior margin of frontoclypeus broadly convex, extending mesally at level of adnasalia (Fig. 54); adnasalia margined with mostly short bluntly rounded teeth (Fig. 65); MP2/MP1> 1.50; GA/MP1> 1.50; LP2/LP1> 2.00; inner margin of stipes lacking a dorsal linear row of spinulae; profemur with more than 5 PV and 5 AV secondary setae; metafemur with more than 4 AV secondary setae; urogomphus composed of one urogomphomere; U/HW Description, instar III (Figs 54–55, 65) Body: Measurements and ratios aimed to characterize body shape are shown in Table 6. Head (Figs 54, 65): Head capsule subquadrate, strongly constricted at level of occiput; anterior margin of frontoclypeus broadly convex, extending mesally at about level of adnasalia; scale-like sculpticels present over frontoclypeus and parietale; adnasalia margined with mostly short bluntly rounded teeth (Fig. 65); HL = 1.85–1.90 mm; A/MP = 1.37–1.41; MP/LP = 2.36–2.41; MP2/MP1 = 1.56–1.67; GA/MP1 = 1.53–1.73; LP2/LP1 = 2.00–2.67; MNL/MNW = 2.72–2.96. Thorax: L3 = 3.71–3.87 mm. Abdomen (Fig. 55): LAS = 1.33–1.63 mm; LAS subcylindrical, not constricted posteriorly at point of insertion of urogomphi. Urogomphus, U = 0.56–0.58 mm, composed of one urogomphomere; U/HW = 0.25–0.26; U/LAS = 0.35–0.44. Chaetotaxy: Parietale with 9–10 temporal spines; position and number of secondary setae on legs are shown in Table 7., Published as part of Alarie, Yves, Michat, Mariano C., Watanabe, Kohei, Shaverdo, Helena, Wang, Liang-Jong & Watts, Chris H. S., 2022, An outlook on larval morphology of Copelatinae diving beetles with phylogenetic considerations (Coleoptera: Adephaga, Dytiscidae), pp. 151-205 in Zootaxa 5175 (2) on page 187, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5175.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/7003344, {"references":["Clark, H. (1863) Catalogue of the Dytiscidae and Gyrinidae of Australasia, with descriptions of new species. The Journal of Entomology Descriptive and Geographical, 2, 14 - 23."]}

Copelatus alternatus Sharp, 1882 Source of material. All instar larvae studied were associated with adults collected at the following locality: Argentina, Tucumán Province. El Cochuna Provincial Park, 3/ 9-XII-2007, roadside pond; M. C. Michat leg. The identification is firm as C. alternatus is the only Copelatus species known from that locality. Diagnosis (instar III). The third instar of Copelatus alternatus can easily be distinguished from that of the other species studied in this paper by the following combination of characters: HL = 0.90 mm; L3 1.50; GA/MP1> 1.50; 1.30 Description, instar I (Figs 1–14) Body: Measurements and ratios aimed to characterize body shape are shown in Table 2. (1) Michat & Torres (2009) (1) Michat & Torres (2009) Head (Figs 1–9): HL = 0.45–0.47 mm; Head capsule rounded, lacking a clear constriction at level of occiput; occipital suture absent; anterior margin of frontoclypeus lightly convex, extending mesally at about level of adnasalia; A/MP = 1.48–1.60; MP/LP = 1.70–1.79; MP2/MP1 = 1.96–2.17; GA/MP1 = 2.50–3.04; LP2/LP1 = 2.27–2.50; MNL/MNW = 2.75–2.88. Thorax (Figs 10–11): L3 = 0.83–0.88 mm. Abdomen (Figs 12–14): LAS = 0.30–0.32 mm; LAS subcylindrical, not constricted posteriorly at point of insertion of urogomphi. Urogomphus: U = 0.18–0.19 mm, composed of one urogomphomere; U/HW = 0.36–0.39; U/LAS = 0.56–0.65. Chaetotaxy (Figs 1–14): Position and number of additional setae on legs are shown in Table 3 and Figs 10– 11. Description, instar II. As first-instar larva except as follows: Body: Measurements and ratios aimed to characterize body shape are shown in Table 4. Head: HL = 0.65 mm; anterior margin of frontoclypeus more narrowly convex; scale-like sculpticels welldeveloped over frontoclypeus and parietale; adnasalia margined with short bluntly rounded and truncated teeth (see Fig. 63); occipital suture present; A/MP = 1.59–1.64; MP/LP = 1.64–1.76; MP2/MP1 = 2.00–2.14; GA/MP1 = 2.38–2.57; LP2/LP1 = 1.78–1.89; MNL/MNW = 2.60–2.78. Thorax: L3 = 1.32–1.34 mm. Abdomen: LAS = 0.43–0.44 mm; LAS subcylindrical to subconical, less abruptly converging posteriorly at point of insertion of urogomphi. Urogomphus: U = 0.23–0.24 mm, composed of one urogomphomere; U/HW = 0.31–0.32; U/LAS = 0.54–0.56. Chaetotaxy: Parietale with 3–5 temporal spines; position and number of secondary setae on legs are shown in Table 5. Description, instar III (Figs 15–16, 63). As second-instar larva except as follows: Body: Measurements and ratios aimed to characterize body shape are shown in Table 6. Head (Figs 15, 63): HL = 0.88–0.89 mm; A/MP = 1.52–1.56; MP/LP = 1.77–1.90; MP2/MP1 = 1.58–1.75; GA/MP1 = 1.83–2.00; LP2/LP1 = 1.42–1.58; MNL/MNW = 2.43–2.83. Thorax: L3 = 1.74–1.81 mm. Abdomen (Fig. 16): LAS = 0.68–0.73 mm; U = 0.27–0.30 mm; U/HW = 0.27–0.32; U/LAS = 0.37–0.44. Chaetotaxy: Parietale with 3–7 temporal spines. Position and number of secondary setae on legs are shown in Table 7., Published as part of Alarie, Yves, Michat, Mariano C., Watanabe, Kohei, Shaverdo, Helena, Wang, Liang-Jong & Watts, Chris H. S., 2022, An outlook on larval morphology of Copelatinae diving beetles with phylogenetic considerations (Coleoptera: Adephaga, Dytiscidae), pp. 151-205 in Zootaxa 5175 (2) on pages 157-161, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5175.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/7003344, {"references":["Sharp, D. (1882) On aquatic carnivorous Coleoptera or Dytiscidae. The Scientific Transactions of the Royal Dublin Society, Series 2, 2, 179 - 1003, pls. 7 - 18.","Michat, M. C. & Torres, P. (2009) A preliminary study on the phylogenetic relationships of Copelatus Erichson (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae: Copelatinae) based on larval chaetotaxy and morphology. Hydrobiologia, 632, 309 - 327. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 10750 - 009 - 9853 - 2"]}

Copelatus nakamurai Guéorguiev, 1970 Source of material. The two instar II and five instar III larvae studied were reared ex ovo from adults collected at the following locality: Japan. Kasamatshu-cho, Mudoji, Gifu Prefecture, 4.V.2018. Y. Yoshimura, leg. Diagnosis (instar III). The third instar of Copelatus nakamurai can easily be distinguished from that of the other species studied in this paper by the following combination of characters: HL = 0.80 mm; L3 1.50; GA/MP1> 1.50; 1.30 Description, instar II Body: Measurements and ratios aimed to characterize body shape are shown in Table 4. Head: Head capsule subquadrate, strongly constricted at level of occiput; anterior margin of frontoclypeus narrowly convex, extending well beyond level of adnasalia; scale-like sculpticels lacking over frontoclypeus, welldeveloped over parietale; adnasalia margined with elongate acute teeth (see Fig. 64); HL = 0.61 mm; A/MP = 1.49; MP/LP = 2.06; MP2/MP1 = 1.60; GA/MP1 = 1.91; LP2/LP1 = 2.24; MNL/MNW = 3.11. Thorax: L3 = 1.23 mm. Abdomen: LAS = 0.45 mm; LAS subcylindrical, slightly constricted posteriorly at point of insertion of urogomphi. Urogomphus: U = 0.26 mm, composed of one urogomphomere; U/HW = 0.41; U/LAS = 0.58. Chaetotaxy: Parietale with 8 temporal spines; position and number of secondary setae on legs are shown in Table 5. Description, instar III (Figs 28–29, 64). As second-instar larva except as follows: Body: Measurements and ratios aimed to characterize body shape are shown in Table 6. Head (Figs 28, 64): HL = 0.81–0.84 mm; A/MP = 1.42–1.46; MP/LP = 2.02–2.25; MP2/MP1 = 1.51–1.74; GA/MP1 = 1.75–1.99; LP2/LP1 = 1.55–1.78; MNL/MNW = 2.85–2.98. Thorax: L3 = 1.66–1.72 mm. Abdomen (Fig 29): LAS = 0.66–0.69 mm; Urogomphus, U = 0.31–0.33 mm, composed of one urogomphomere; U/HW = 0.35–0.38; U/LAS = 0.45–0.49. Chaetotaxy: Parietale with 9–10 temporal spines; position and number of secondary setae on legs are shown in Table 7., Published as part of Alarie, Yves, Michat, Mariano C., Watanabe, Kohei, Shaverdo, Helena, Wang, Liang-Jong & Watts, Chris H. S., 2022, An outlook on larval morphology of Copelatinae diving beetles with phylogenetic considerations (Coleoptera: Adephaga, Dytiscidae), pp. 151-205 in Zootaxa 5175 (2) on page 175, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5175.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/7003344

Copelatus caelatipennis princeps Young, 1963 Source of material. The two larvae studied (one instar II and one instar III) were associated with adults collected at the following locality: USA. Florida, Orlando. Junction International Drive & Hwy 523, 26–28.IX.2016. 28°53.83’N 81°37.92’W; Y. Alarie leg. The identification is firm as C. caelatipennis princeps is the only Copelatus species known from that locality. Diagnosis (instar III). The third instar of Copelatus c. princeps can easily be distinguished from that of the other species studied in this paper by the following combination of characters: HL = 0.80 mm; L3 1.50; GA/MP1> 1.50; 1.30 Description, instar II Body: Measurements and ratios aimed to characterize body shape are shown in Table 4. Head: Head capsule rounded to subquadrate, strongly constricted at level of occiput; anterior margin of frontoclypeus narrowly convex, extending well beyond level of adnasalia; adnasalia margined with short bluntly rounded and truncated teeth (see Fig. 63); scale-like sculpticels well-developed over frontoclypeus and parietale; HL = 0.58 mm; A/MP = 1.41; MP/LP = 1.85; MP2/MP1 = 1.73; GA/MP1 = 2.00; LP2/LP1 = 1.73; MNL/MNW = 2.72. Thorax: L3 = 1.05 mm. Abdomen: LAS = 0.39 mm; LAS subconical, not constricted posteriorly at point of insertion of urogomphi. Urogomphus: U = 0.22 mm, composed of one urogomphomere; U/HW = 0.38; U/LAS = 0.58. Chaetotaxy: Parietale with 7 temporal spines; position and number of secondary setae on legs are shown in Table 5. Description, instar III (Figs 17–18, 63). As second-instar larva except as follows: Body: Measurements and ratios aimed to characterize body shape are shown in Table 6. Head (Figs 18, 63): HL = 0.81 mm; A/MP = 1.50; MP/LP = 1.98; MP2/MP1 = 1.67; GA/MP1 = 2.00; LP2/LP1 = 1.51; MNL/MNW = 2.58. Thorax: L3 = 1.58 mm. Abdomen (Fig. 18): LAS = 0.64 mm; U = 0.34 mm; U/HW = 0.43; U/LAS = 0.52. Chaetotaxy: Parietale with 10–12 temporal spines; position and number of secondary setae on legs are shown in Table 7., Published as part of Alarie, Yves, Michat, Mariano C., Watanabe, Kohei, Shaverdo, Helena, Wang, Liang-Jong & Watts, Chris H. S., 2022, An outlook on larval morphology of Copelatinae diving beetles with phylogenetic considerations (Coleoptera: Adephaga, Dytiscidae), pp. 151-205 in Zootaxa 5175 (2) on pages 161-168, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5175.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/7003344, {"references":["Young, F. N. (1963) The Nearctic species of Copelatus Erichson (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae). Quarterly Journal of the Florida Academy of Sciences, 26, 56 - 77.","Sharp, D. (1882) On aquatic carnivorous Coleoptera or Dytiscidae. The Scientific Transactions of the Royal Dublin Society, Series 2, 2, 179 - 1003, pls. 7 - 18."]}

Liopterus haemorrhoidalis (Fabricius, 1787) Source of material. The four instar III larvae were collected in association with adults at the following locality: Belarus, Vicebsk Region, area near upy Village, wetland of evinka River, Carex, moss. 12.VIII.1998;H.Shaverdo leg. Diagnosis (instar III). The third instar of Liopterus haemorrhoidalis can easily be distinguished from that of the other species studied in this paper by the following combination of characters: HL = 1.40 mm; L3> 2.90 mm; U> 0.50 mm; head capsule subquadrate, strongly constricted at level of occipital region (Fig. 58), scale-like sculpticels lacking over frontoclypeus and parietale; anterior margin of frontoclypeus broadly convex, extending mesally at level of adnasalia (Fig. 58); adnasalia margined with short bluntly rounded teeth (Fig. 65); MP2/MP1 0.50; Palaearctic. Description, instar III (Figs 58–62, 65) Body: Measurements and ratios aimed to characterize body shape are shown in Table 6. Head (Figs 58, 60, 65): Head capsule subquadrate, strongly constricted at level of occiput; anterior margin of frontoclypeus broadly convex, extending mesally at about level of adnasalia; scale-like sculpticels lacking over frontoclypeus and parietale; adnasalia margined with mostly short bluntly rounded teeth (Fig. 65); HL = 1.36–1.39 mm; A/MP = 1.16–1.27; MP/LP = 1.67–1.74; MP2/MP1 = 1.15–1.28; GA/MP1 = 1.27–1.49; LP2/LP1 = 1.54–1.71; MNL/MNW = 2.63–2.71. Thorax (Figs 61–62): L3 = 2.86–3.06 mm. Abdomen (Fig. 59): LAS = 1.09–1.17 mm; LAS subconical, constricted posteriorly at point of insertion of urogomphi. Urogomphus, U = 0.60–0.63 mm, composed of one urogomphomere; U/HW = 0.38–0.40; U/LAS = 0.54–0.57. Chaetotaxy: Parietale with 7–10 temporal spines; position and number of secondary setae on legs are shown in Figs 61–62 and Table 7., Published as part of Alarie, Yves, Michat, Mariano C., Watanabe, Kohei, Shaverdo, Helena, Wang, Liang-Jong & Watts, Chris H. S., 2022, An outlook on larval morphology of Copelatinae diving beetles with phylogenetic considerations (Coleoptera: Adephaga, Dytiscidae), pp. 151-205 in Zootaxa 5175 (2) on pages 193-197, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5175.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/7003344, {"references":["Fabricius, J. C. (1787) Mantissa Insectorum sistens species nuper detectas adiectis characteribus genericis, differentiis specificis, emendationibus, observationibus. 2 Vols. C. G. Proft, Hafniae, xx + 348 + 382 pp."]}