802 results on '"Michael S. Lee"'
Search Results
2. Novel lipid antigens for NKT cells in cancer
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Michael S. Lee and Tonya J. Webb
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NKT cells ,cancer immunotherapy ,lipid antigens ,CD1d ,cancer immunosurveillance ,Immunologic diseases. Allergy ,RC581-607 - Abstract
Cancer immunotherapy aims to unleash the power of the immune system against tumors without the side effects of traditional chemotherapy. Immunotherapeutic methods vary widely, but all follow the same basic principle: overcome the barriers utilized by cancers to avoid immune destruction. These approaches often revolve around classical T cells, such as with CAR T cells and neoantigen vaccines; however, the utility of the innate-like iNKT cell in cancer immunotherapy has gained significant recognition. iNKT cells parallel classic T cell recognition of peptide antigens presented on MHC through their recognition of lipid antigens presented on the MHC I-like molecule CD1d. Altered metabolism and a lipogenic phenotype are essential properties of tumor cells, representing a unique feature that may be exploited by iNKT cells. In this review, we will cover properties of iNKT cells, CD1d, and lipid antigen presentation. Next, we will discuss the cancer lipidome and how it may be exploited by iNKT cells through a window of opportunity. Finally, we will review, in detail, novel lipid antigens for iNKT cells in cancer.
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- 2023
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3. Survival improvement for patients with metastatic colorectal cancer over twenty years
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Fadl A. Zeineddine, Mohammad A. Zeineddine, Abdelrahman Yousef, Yue Gu, Saikat Chowdhury, Arvind Dasari, Ryan W. Huey, Benny Johnson, Bryan Kee, Michael S. Lee, Maria Pia Morelli, Van K. Morris, Michael J. Overman, Christine Parseghian, Kanwal Raghav, Jason Willis, Robert A. Wolff, Yoshikuni Kawaguchi, Jean-Nicolas Vauthey, Ryan Sun, Scott Kopetz, and John Paul Shen
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Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens ,RC254-282 - Abstract
Abstract Over the past two decades of successive clinical trials in metastatic colorectal cancer (CRC), the median overall survival of both control and experimental arms has steadily improved. However, the incremental change in survival for metastatic CRC patients not treated on trial has not yet been quantified. We performed a retrospective review of 1420 patients with de novo metastatic CRC who received their primary treatment at the University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center (UTMDACC) from 2004 through 2019. Median OS was roughly stable for patients diagnosed between 2004 and 2012 (22.6 months) but since has steadily improved for those diagnosed in 2013 to 2015 (28.8 months), and 2016 to 2019 (32.4 months). Likewise, 5-year survival rate has increased from 15.7% for patients diagnosed from 2004 to 2006 to 26% for those diagnosed from 2013 to 2015. Notably, survival improved for patients with BRAF V600E mutant as well as microsatellite unstable (MSI-H) tumors. Multivariate regression analysis identified surgical resection of liver metastasis (HR = 0.26, 95% CI, 0.19–0.37), use of immunotherapy (HR = 0.44, 95% CI, 0.29–0.67) and use of third line chemotherapy (regorafenib or trifluridine/tipiracil, HR = 0.74, 95% CI, 0.58–0.95), but not year of diagnosis (HR = 0.99, 95% CI, 0.98–1), as associated with better survival, suggesting that increased use of these therapies are the drivers of the observed improvement in survival.
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- 2023
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4. Comprehensive Landscape of BRAF Variant Classes, Clonalities, and Co-Mutations in Metastatic Colorectal Cancer Using ctDNA Profiling
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Benny Johnson, Van Morris, Xuemei Wang, Arvind Dasari, Kanwal Raghav, John Paul Shen, Michael S. Lee, Ryan Huey, Christine Parseghian, Jason Willis, Robert Wolff, Leylah M. Drusbosky, Michael J. Overman, and Scott Kopetz
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atypical BRAF ,metastatic colorectal cancer ,BRAF mutation ,KRAS mutation ,NRAS mutation ,Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens ,RC254-282 - Abstract
Although V600E accounts for the majority of the BRAF mutations in metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC), non-V600 BRAF variants have been shown in recent years to represent a distinct molecular subtype. This study provides a comprehensive profile of BRAF variants in mCRC using a large genomic database of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) and analyzing clinical outcomes in a cohort of patients with atypical (non-V600) BRAF variants (aBRAF; class II, class III, unclassified). Overall, 1733 out of 14,742 mCRC patients in the ctDNA cohort had at least one BRAF variant. Patients with atypical BRAF variants tended to be younger and male. In contrast to BRAFV600E, BRAF class II and III variants and their co-occurrence with KRAS/NRAS mutations were increased at baseline and especially with those patients predicted to have prior anti-EGFR exposure. Our clinical cohort included 38 patients with atypical BRAF mCRC treated at a large academic referral center. While there were no survival differences between atypical BRAF classes, concurrent RAS mutations or liver involvement was associated with poorer prognosis. Notably, patients younger than 50 years of age had extremely poor survival. In these patients, the high-frequency KRAS/NRAS co-mutation and its correlation with poorer prognosis underlines the urgent need for novel therapeutic strategies. This study represents one of the most comprehensive characterizations to date of atypical BRAF variants, utilizing both ctDNA and clinical cohorts.
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- 2024
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5. Possible role of frankincense in the treatment of benign essential blepharospasm
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Mikayla J. Baker, Andrew R. Harrison, and Michael S. Lee
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Benign essential blepharospasm ,Frankincense ,Ophthalmology ,RE1-994 - Abstract
Purpose: To report two cases of benign essential blepharospasm (BEB) symptom relief in the setting of regular topical frankincense usage. Observations: The primary outcome measures for this report are (1) frequency of botulinum toxin (BT) injection appointments before and after the onset of regular frankincense usage and (2) patient report of symptoms. After starting frankincense, patient 1 decreased the frequency of her BT injection appointments from 5 to 8 months to 11+ months, eventually stopping BT injections altogether. Patient 2 decreased her BT appointments from every 3–4 months to approximately every 8 months after starting frankincense. Both patients had previously tried multiple additional treatments for their BEB symptoms which did not yield improvement; both patients reported significant improvement in their symptoms secondary to topical frankincense oil. Conclusion and Importance: Frankincense is a natural product of Boswellia trees. It has been used primarily for its anti-inflammatory properties for many years in multiple countries. We report two cases of individuals with long-standing, debilitating benign essential blepharospasm achieving significant symptom relief after beginning regular usage of topical frankincense essential oil. This natural oil offers an organic and effective treatment option for this chronic, progressive condition.
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- 2023
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6. Current Status of Cardiovascular Disease According to the Duration of Hypertension in Korean Adults
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Byoung Geol Choi, Jung Boone Kim, Seung-Woon Rha, Min Woo Lee, Michael S. Lee, Suhng Wook Kim, and Sunghoi Hong
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hypertension ,blood pressure ,prevalence ,target blood pressure ,Diseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) system ,RC666-701 ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Abstract
Background: Today, medical technology and healthcare advances have led to an increased life expectancy; however, the prevalence of chronic diseases such as hypertension, diabetes mellitus, stroke, and cardiovascular events is continuously rising. In particular, hypertension is a crucial factor in cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, and it is known that prevention and management are essential. Objectives: This study investigates the prevalence and management of hypertension in Korean adults and evaluates its correlation with the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and stroke. Method: The Korean National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey (KNHANES) database was utilized for this study (https://knhanes.cdc.go.kr). The subjects of this survey were sampled to represent the entire population of Korea. The study aims to assess the risk of CVD and stroke according to the duration of hypertension. We also examined the impact of hypertension control on the risk of CVD and stroke. This study is a retrospective cross-sectional study, so future risks cannot be assessed, but only the disease status at the same time point. Results: A total of 61,379 subjects were enrolled in the KNHANES database, representing Korea’s population of 49,068,178 subjects. The prevalence of hypertension was 25.7% (9,965,618 subjects) of the total population. The prevalence of hypertension increased rapidly with the age of the population. As the duration of hypertension increased, the risks of CVD and stroke also increased. When hypertension lasts longer than 20 years, ischemic heart disease, myocardial infarction, and stroke prevalence were 14.6%, 5.0%, and 12.2%, respectively. However, achieving a target blood pressure (BP) goal below 140/90 mmHg reduced the risk of all CVD and stroke by nearly half. Nevertheless, fewer than two-thirds of patients in Korea with hypertension achieved this targeted blood pressure goal. Conclusions: Our study confirmed that the prevalence of hypertension in Korean adults was higher than a quarter but also showed that the risk of CVD and stroke was significantly reduced by achieving optimal blood pressure control. Based on these results, policy efforts are needed to reach the target BP and improve the treatment rates for hypertension in Korea.
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- 2023
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7. A Review of Antithrombotic Treatment in Critical Limb Ischemia After Endovascular Intervention
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Amol Gupta, Michael S. Lee, Kush Gupta, Vinod Kumar, and Sarath Reddy
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Anticoagulant ,Antiplatelet ,Critical limb ischemia ,Endovascular procedures ,Peripheral artery disease ,Diseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) system ,RC666-701 - Abstract
Abstract Endovascular intervention is often used to treat critical limb ischemia (CLI). Post-intervention treatment with antiplatelet and/or anticoagulant therapy has reduced morbidity and mortality due to cardiovascular complications. The purpose of this review is to shed light on the various pharmacologic treatment protocols for treating CLI following endovascular procedures. We reviewed the literature comparing outcomes after antithrombotic treatment for patients with CLI. We characterized antithrombotic therapies into three categories: (1) mono-antiplatelet therapy (MAPT) vs. dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT), (2) MAPT vs. antiplatelet (AP) + anticoagulant (AC) therapy, and (3) AC vs. AP + AC therapy. Relevant results and statistics were extracted to determine differences in the rates of the following outcomes: (1) re-stenosis, (2) occlusion, (3) target limb revascularization (TLR), (4) major amputation, (5) major adverse cardiac events, (6) all-cause death, and (7) bleeding. Studies suggest that DAPT reduces post-surgical restenosis, TLR, and amputation for diabetic patients, without increasing major bleeding incidences, compared to MAPT. Also, AP + AC therapy provides overall superior efficacy, with no difference in bleeding incidences, compared to antiplatelet alone. Additionally, the effects were significant for restenosis, limb salvage, survival rates, and cumulative rate of above ankle amputation or death. These results suggest that treatment with DAPT and AP + AC might provide better outcomes than MAPT following the endovascular intervention for CLI, and that the ideal treatment may be related to the condition of the individual patient. However, the studies were few and heterogenous with small patient populations. Therefore, further large controlled studies are warranted to confirm these outcomes.
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- 2019
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8. Machine Teaching for Human Inverse Reinforcement Learning
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Michael S. Lee, Henny Admoni, and Reid Simmons
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inverse reinforcement learning ,learning from demonstration ,scaffolding ,policy summarization ,machine teaching ,Mechanical engineering and machinery ,TJ1-1570 ,Electronic computers. Computer science ,QA75.5-76.95 - Abstract
As robots continue to acquire useful skills, their ability to teach their expertise will provide humans the two-fold benefit of learning from robots and collaborating fluently with them. For example, robot tutors could teach handwriting to individual students and delivery robots could convey their navigation conventions to better coordinate with nearby human workers. Because humans naturally communicate their behaviors through selective demonstrations, and comprehend others’ through reasoning that resembles inverse reinforcement learning (IRL), we propose a method of teaching humans based on demonstrations that are informative for IRL. But unlike prior work that optimizes solely for IRL, this paper incorporates various human teaching strategies (e.g. scaffolding, simplicity, pattern discovery, and testing) to better accommodate human learners. We assess our method with user studies and find that our measure of test difficulty corresponds well with human performance and confidence, and also find that favoring simplicity and pattern discovery increases human performance on difficult tests. However, we did not find a strong effect for our method of scaffolding, revealing shortcomings that indicate clear directions for future work.
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- 2021
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9. Modification of magnetocrystalline anisotropy via ion-implantation
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Michael S. Lee, Rajesh V. Chopdekar, Padraic Shafer, Elke Arenholz, and Yayoi Takamura
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Physics ,QC1-999 - Abstract
The ability to systematically modify the magnetic properties of epitaxial La0.7Sr0.3MnO3 thin films is demonstrated through the use of Ar+ ion implantation. With increasing implant dose, a uniaxial expansion of the c-axis of the unit cell leads to a transition from in-plane toward perpendicular magnetic anisotropy. Above a critical dose of 3 × 1013 Ar+/cm2, significant crystalline disorder exists leading to a decrease in the average Mn valence state and near complete suppression of magnetization. Combined with lithographic techniques, ion implantation enables the fabrication of magnetic spin textures consisting of adjacent regions with tunable magnetic anisotropy in complex oxide thin films.
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- 2020
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10. Simultaneous Presentation of Uveitic Disc Edema and Papilledema in an Adult
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Chase A. Liaboe, Michael S. Lee, and Justin J. Y. Yamanuha
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Ophthalmology ,RE1-994 - Abstract
Purpose. To present a case of simultaneous uveitic disc edema and increased intracranial pressure (IICP) in an adult. Methods. Retrospective case report. Patients. A 29-year-old woman affected by bilateral optic disc edema from bilateral posterior uveitis complicated by IICP with papilledema. Results. Laboratory workup was negative for infectious and systemic inflammatory causes of uveitis. Computed Tomography scan of the chest was negative for Sarcoidosis. Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the brain and orbits revealed a partially empty sella, bilateral posterior globe flattening without optic nerve sheath enhancement, masses, white matter lesions, or meningeal enhancement. Cerebral Magnetic Resonance Venography showed narrowing of the right and left transverse sinuses without thromboses. Prednisone was initiated for the uveitis which improved the vision but caused weight gain. Neurology evaluation with a lumbar puncture in the lateral decubitus position revealed elevated opening pressure and otherwise normal cerebrospinal fluid. Ocular ultrasonography was considered but not available to measure optic nerve sheath diameter. Oral acetazolamide 1000 mg twice daily was started for papilledema as prednisone was tapered. Periocular steroid and intravitreal bevacizumab injections were used for sight threatening cystoid macular edema and choroidal neovascularization, respectively. Discussion. While previously described in children, we report the first known case of bilateral uveitic disc edema and papilledema in an adult. This report will discuss recommendations for evaluation of these rarely concurrent conditions and therapy for both uveitic disc edema and papilledema.
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- 2020
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11. The natural course of nonculprit coronary artery lesions; analysis by serial quantitative coronary angiography
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Jeehoon Kang, Kyung Woo Park, Michael S. Lee, Chengbin Zheng, Jung-Kyu Han, Han-Mo Yang, Hyun-Jae Kang, Bon-Kwon Koo, and Hyo-Soo Kim
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Plaque progression ,Nonculprit lesion ,Coronary angiography ,Quantitative coronary angiography ,Diseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) system ,RC666-701 - Abstract
Abstract Background Nonculprit lesions are the major cause of future cardiovascular events. However, the natural course of nonculprit lesions and angiographic predictors of plaque progression are not well-studied. The purpose of our study was to observe the natural course of nonculprit lesions, and to identify predictors of unanticipated future events and angiographic progression in nonculprit lesions. Methods We analyzed 640 nonculprit lesions with a length of ≥2 mm and luminal narrowing ≥30% from 320 patients who had two serial angiographic follow-ups; 9 to 13 months post-PCI and 24 months post-PCI. The study endpoints were nonculprit-ischemia driven revascularization (IDR) and the rate of diameter stenosis (DS) progression. Those with progression of DS > 12%/year were defined as ‘rapid progressors’. Results During the median follow-up period of 737 days, 20 lesions in 20 patients (6.3%) required nonculprit-IDR. Independent predictors of nonculprit-IDR were diabetes (hazard ratio [HR] 2.93, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.072–8.007, p = 0.036) and lesion type B2/C (HR 4.017, 95% CI 1.614–9.997, p = 0.003). The presence of one or both of the two major risk factors was associated with significant DS progression (3.0 ± 6.8% vs. 3.5 ± 6.1% vs. 6.8 ± 9.9% for lesions with 0, 1 and both risk factors, p
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- 2018
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12. Pharmacodynamics and Outcomes of a De-Escalation Strategy with Half-Dose Prasugrel or Ticagrelor in East Asians Patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome: Results from HOPE-TAILOR Trial
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Cai-De Jin, Moo-Hyun Kim, Kai Song, Xuan Jin, Kwang-Min Lee, Jong-Sung Park, Young-Rak Cho, Sung-Cheol Yun, and Michael S. Lee
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half-dose reduction ,prasugrel ,ticagrelor ,pharmacodynamics ,outcomes ,acute coronary syndrome ,Medicine - Abstract
East Asians treated with potent P2Y12 inhibitors (prasugrel or ticagrelor) generally experience more intense platelet inhibitory responses resulting in an increased risk of major bleeding. Whether a half-dose de-escalation strategy improves the net clinical benefit in Korean patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) remains uncertain. A total of 120 patients were pragmatically randomized to either prasugrel (n = 39, 60 mg loading dose (LD)/10 mg maintenance dose (MD)), ticagrelor (n = 40, 180 mg LD/90 mg MD), or clopidogrel (n = 41, 600 mg LD/75 mg MD) followed by a half-dose reduction at 1 month, or conventional dose 75 mg clopidogrel. The primary endpoint was the incidence of optimal platelet reactivity (OPR), defined as a P2Y12 reaction unit (PRU) value between 85 and 208 (by VerifyNow) at 3 months. Ticagrelor treatment achieved a significantly lower PRU compared with prasugrel and clopidogrel (31.0 ± 34.5 vs. 93.2 ± 57.1 vs. 153.1 ± 69.4), resulting in the lowest rate of OPR (12.5% vs. 48.7% vs. 63.4%). At 9 months, the minor bleeding was significantly higher with potent P2Y12 inhibitors than with clopidogrel (31.6% vs. 12.2%; HR, 2.93; 95% CI, 1.12–7.75). Only a few patients experienced ischemic complications. In Korean ACS patients, a de-escalation strategy with half-dose ticagrelor and prasugrel from standard dose increased the OPR rate significantly. Half-dose ticagrelor had a lower OPR rate and greater platelet inhibition compared with half-dose prasugrel as well as conventional-dose clopidogrel. Optimal dose reduction strategies for potent P2Y12 inhibitors require further investigation to balance safety and efficacy.
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- 2021
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13. Diagnosis and Management of Trochleodynia, Trochleitis, and Trochlear Headache
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Tu M. Tran, Collin M. McClelland, and Michael S. Lee
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trochleodynia ,trochleitis ,trochlear ,headache ,Brown syndrome ,corticosteroid ,Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system ,RC346-429 - Abstract
Migraine and tension-type headaches (TTHs) comprise a significant burden of neurological disease globally. Trochleodynia, also known as primary trochlear headache or trochleitis, may go unrecognized and contribute to worsening of these headache disorders. It may also present in isolation. We review the English literature on this under-recognized condition and describe what is known about the theorized pathophysiology, clinical presentation, and differential diagnosis. We also present a management algorithm for patients presenting with trochleodynia.
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- 2019
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14. Sphingosine Kinase Blockade Leads to Increased Natural Killer T Cell Responses to Mantle Cell Lymphoma
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Michael S. Lee, Wenji Sun, and Tonya J. Webb
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Mantle cell lymphoma ,NKT cells ,sphingosine kinase ,sphingosine-1-phosphate ,cardiolipin ,Cytology ,QH573-671 - Abstract
Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is an aggressive subtype of non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma. Despite being responsive to combination chemotherapy, median survival remains around 5 years due to high rates of relapse. Sphingolipid metabolism regulates MCL survival and proliferation and we found that sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) is upregulated in MCL cells. Therapeutic targeting of the S1P1 receptor or knockdown of sphingosine kinase 1 (SK1), the enzyme responsible for generating S1P, in human MCL cells results in a significant increase in Natural Killer T (NKT) cell activation. NKT cells recognize glycolipid antigens presented on CD1d and can reduce MCL tumor burden in vivo. Lipidomic studies identified cardiolipin, which has been reported to bind to CD1d molecules, as being upregulated in SK1 knockdown cells. We found that the pretreatment of antigen presenting cells with cardiolipin leads to increased cytokine production by NKT cell hybridomas. Furthermore, the ability of cardiolipin to activate NKT cells was dependent on the structure of its acyl chains. Collectively, these studies delineate novel pathways important for immune recognition of malignant cells and could lead to the development of new treatments for lymphoma.
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- 2020
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15. Mixed Signals: Co-Stimulation in Invariant Natural Killer T Cell-Mediated Cancer Immunotherapy
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Susannah C. Shissler, Michael S. Lee, and Tonya J. Webb
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invariant natural killer T ,co-stimulation ,cancer ,immunotherapy ,chimeric antigen receptor ,checkpoint ,Immunologic diseases. Allergy ,RC581-607 - Abstract
Invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells are an integral component of the immune system and play an important role in antitumor immunity. Upon activation, iNKT cells can directly kill malignant cells as well as rapidly produce cytokines that stimulate other immune cells, making them a front line defense against tumorigenesis. Unfortunately, iNKT cell number and activity are reduced in multiple cancer types. This anergy is often associated with upregulation of co-inhibitory markers such as programmed death-1. Similar to conventional T cells, iNKT cells are influenced by the conditions of their activation. Conventional T cells receive signals through the following three types of receptors: (1) T cell receptor (TCR), (2) co-stimulation molecules, and (3) cytokine receptors. Unlike conventional T cells, which recognize peptide antigen presented by MHC class I or II, the TCRs of iNKT cells recognize lipid antigen in the context of the antigen presentation molecule CD1d (Signal 1). Co-stimulatory molecules can positively and negatively influence iNKT cell activation and function and skew the immune response (Signal 2). This study will review the background of iNKT cells and their co-stimulatory requirements for general function and in antitumor immunity. We will explore the impact of monoclonal antibody administration for both blocking inhibitory pathways and engaging stimulatory pathways on iNKT cell-mediated antitumor immunity. This review will highlight the incorporation of co-stimulatory molecules in antitumor dendritic cell vaccine strategies. The use of co-stimulatory intracellular signaling domains in chimeric antigen receptor-iNKT therapy will be assessed. Finally, we will explore the influence of innate-like receptors and modification of immunosuppressive cytokines (Signal 3) on cancer immunotherapy.
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- 2017
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16. Genomic Variability of Monkeypox Virus among Humans, Democratic Republic of the Congo
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Jeffrey R. Kugelman, Sara C. Johnston, Prime M. Mulembakani, Neville Kisalu, Michael S. Lee, Galina Koroleva, Sarah E. McCarthy, Marie C. Gestole, Nathan D. Wolfe, Joseph N. Fair, Bradley S. Schneider, Linda L. Wright, John Huggins, Chris A. Whitehouse, Emile Okitolonda Wemakoy, Jean Jacques Muyembe-Tamfum, Lisa E. Hensley, Gustavo F. Palacios, and Anne W. Rimoin
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Monkeypox virus ,genomic diversity ,emerging infectious disease ,genomic reduction ,gene loss ,Democratic Republic of the Congo ,Medicine ,Infectious and parasitic diseases ,RC109-216 - Abstract
Monkeypox virus is a zoonotic virus endemic to Central Africa. Although active disease surveillance has assessed monkeypox disease prevalence and geographic range, information about virus diversity is lacking. We therefore assessed genome diversity of viruses in 60 samples obtained from humans with primary and secondary cases of infection from 2005 through 2007. We detected 4 distinct lineages and a deletion that resulted in gene loss in 10 (16.7%) samples and that seemed to correlate with human-to-human transmission (p = 0.0544). The data suggest a high frequency of spillover events from the pool of viruses in nonhuman animals, active selection through genomic destabilization and gene loss, and increased disease transmissibility and severity. The potential for accelerated adaptation to humans should be monitored through improved surveillance. Download MP3 Length: 1:11
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- 2014
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17. Making AI Policies Transparent to Humans through Demonstrations.
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Michael S. Lee
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- 2024
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18. Correction: Comparison and Temporal Trends of Three Groups with Cryptococcosis: HIV-Infected, Solid Organ Transplant, and HIV-Negative/Non-Transplant.
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Emily W. Bratton, Nada El Husseini, Cody A. Chastain, Michael S. Lee, Charles Poole, Til Stürmer, Jonathan J. Juliano, David J. Weber, and John R. Perfect
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Medicine ,Science - Published
- 2012
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19. Bimolecular Complementation to Visualize Filovirus VP40-Host Complexes in Live Mammalian Cells: Toward the Identification of Budding Inhibitors
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Yuliang Liu, Michael S. Lee, Mark A. Olson, and Ronald N. Harty
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Microbiology ,QR1-502 - Abstract
Virus-host interactions play key roles in promoting efficient egress of many RNA viruses, including Ebola virus (EBOV or “e”) and Marburg virus (MARV or “m”). Late- (L-) domains conserved in viral matrix proteins recruit specific host proteins, such as Tsg101 and Nedd4, to facilitate the budding process. These interactions serve as attractive targets for the development of broad-spectrum budding inhibitors. A major gap still exists in our understanding of the mechanism of filovirus budding due to the difficulty in detecting virus-host complexes and mapping their trafficking patterns in the natural environment of the cell. To address this gap, we used a bimolecular complementation (BiMC) approach to detect, localize, and follow the trafficking patterns of eVP40-Tsg101 complexes in live mammalian cells. In addition, we used the BiMC approach along with a VLP budding assay to test small molecule inhibitors identified by in silico screening for their ability to block eVP40 PTAP-mediated interactions with Tsg101 and subsequent budding of eVP40 VLPs. We demonstrated the potential broad spectrum activity of a lead candidate inhibitor by demonstrating its ability to block PTAP-dependent binding of HIV-1 Gag to Tsg101 and subsequent egress of HIV-1 Gag VLPs.
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- 2011
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20. Closed-loop Teaching via Demonstrations to Improve Policy Transparency.
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Michael S. Lee, Reid G. Simmons, and Henny Admoni
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- 2024
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21. Reasoning about Counterfactuals to Improve Human Inverse Reinforcement Learning.
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Michael S. Lee, Henny Admoni, and Reid G. Simmons
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- 2022
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22. Leveraging Contextual Counterfactuals Toward Belief Calibration.
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Qiuyi Zhang 0001, Michael S. Lee, and Sherol Chen
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- 2023
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23. Convolutional Neural Networks for Radio Frequency Ray Tracing.
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Matthew R. Ziemann, John S. Hyatt, and Michael S. Lee
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- 2021
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24. Methylation-eQTL analysis in cancer research.
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Yusha Liu, Keith A. Baggerly, Elias Orouji, Ganiraju Manyam, Huiqin Chen, Michael Lam, Jennifer S. Davis, Michael S. Lee, Bradley M. Broom, David G. Menter, Kunal Rai, Scott Kopetz, and Jeffrey S. Morris
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- 2021
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25. Building the Foundation of Robot Explanation Generation Using Behavior Trees.
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Zhao Han, Daniel Giger, Jordan Allspaw, Michael S. Lee, Henny Admoni, and Holly A. Yanco
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- 2021
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26. Arthroscopic Ankle Arthrodesis
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Michael S. Lee, Samantha M. Figas, and Jordan P. Grossman
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Orthopedics and Sports Medicine ,Surgery - Published
- 2023
27. Active Range and Bearing-based Radiation Source Localization.
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Michael S. Lee, Daniel Shy, William Whittaker, and Nathan Michael
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- 2018
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28. Self-Assessing and Communicating Manipulation Proficiency Through Active Uncertainty Characterization.
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Michael S. Lee
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- 2019
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29. The Emerging Role of Circulating Tumor DNA in Non-Colorectal Gastrointestinal Cancers
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Michael S. Lee, Ahmed O. Kaseb, and Shubham Pant
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Cancer Research ,Oncology - Abstract
Assays to detect circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) have multiple clinically important applications in management of multiple types of gastrointestinal cancers. Different methodologies of ctDNA detection have varying sensitivities and potential applications in different contexts. For patients with localized cancers treated for curative intent, ctDNA detection is associated with prognosis in multiple cancer types, and persistent detection of ctDNA after surgical resection is highly concerning for minimal residual disease (MRD) and forebodes impending radiographic and clinical recurrence. CtDNA assays for comprehensive genomic profiling enable genotyping of cancers in the absence of tumor tissue data, and longitudinal testing can also characterize clonal evolution and emergence of putative resistance mechanisms upon treatment with targeted agents. These applications have proven instructive in patients with HER2-amplified gastric and esophageal cancers and in patients with FGFR2 fusion cholangiocarcinomas. In this review, we summarize data supporting the role of ctDNA as a novel predictive and prognostic biomarker and potential impacts on current management of patients with pancreatic, gastroesophageal, and hepatobiliary cancers.
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- 2023
30. Knotless Implant for Arthroscopic Hip Capsule Closure
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David N. Kim, Ronak Mahatme, Michael S. Lee, Wasif Islam, and Andrew E. Jimenez
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Orthopedics and Sports Medicine - Published
- 2023
31. Patients Who Underwent Primary Hip Arthroscopy for Femoroacetabular Impingement with Acetabular Microfracture Show 77% Survivorship at 10-Year Follow-Up
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Benjamin G. Domb, Michael S. Lee, Shawn Annin, Jade S. Owens, Andrew E. Jimenez, Payam W. Sabetian, and David R. Maldonado
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Orthopedics and Sports Medicine - Published
- 2023
32. Neoadjuvant Pembrolizumab in Localized Microsatellite Instability High/Deficient Mismatch Repair Solid Tumors
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Kaysia Ludford, Won Jin Ho, Jane V. Thomas, Kanwal P.S. Raghav, Mariela Blum Murphy, Nicole D. Fleming, Michael S. Lee, Brandon G. Smaglo, Y. Nancy You, Matthew M. Tillman, Carlos Kamiya-Matsuoka, Selvi Thirumurthi, Craig Messick, Benny Johnson, Eduardo Vilar, Arvind Dasari, Sarah Shin, Alexei Hernandez, Xuan Yuan, Hongqui Yang, Wai Chin Foo, Wei Qiao, Dipen Maru, Scott Kopetz, and Michael J. Overman
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Cancer Research ,Oncology - Abstract
PURPOSE Pembrolizumab significantly improves clinical outcomes in advanced/metastatic microsatellite instability high (MSI-H)/deficient mismatch repair (dMMR) solid tumors but is not well studied in the neoadjuvant space. METHODS This is a phase II open-label, single-center trial of localized unresectable or high-risk resectable MSI-H/dMMR tumors. Treatment is pembrolizumab 200 mg once every 3 weeks for 6 months followed by surgical resection with an option to continue therapy for 1 year followed by observation. To continue on study, patients are required to have radiographic or clinical benefit. The coprimary end points are safety and pathologic complete response. Key secondary end points are response rate and organ-sparing at one year for patients who declined surgery. Exploratory analyses include interrogation of the tumor immune microenvironment using imaging mass cytometry. RESULTS A total of 35 patients were enrolled, including 27 patients with colorectal cancer and eight patients with noncolorectal cancer. Among 33 evaluable patients, best overall response rate was 82%. Among 17 (49%) patients who underwent surgery, the pathologic complete response rate was 65%. Ten patients elected to receive one year of pembrolizumab followed by surveillance without surgical resection (median follow-up of 23 weeks [range, 0-54 weeks]). An additional eight did not undergo surgical resection and received less than 1 year of pembrolizumab. During the study course of the trial and subsequent follow-up, progression events were seen in six patients (four of whom underwent salvage surgery). There were no new safety signals. Spatial immune profiling with imaging mass cytometry noted a significantly closer proximity between granulocytic cells and cytotoxic T cells in patients with progressive events compared with those without progression. CONCLUSION Neoadjuvant pembrolizumab in dMMR/MSI-H cancers is safe and resulted in high rates of pathologic, radiographic, and endoscopic response, which has implications for organ-sparing strategies.
- Published
- 2023
33. Mid- and Long-Term Outcomes Are Favorable for Patients With Borderline Dysplasia Undergoing Primary Hip Arthroscopy: A Systematic Review
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Michael S. Lee, Jade S. Owens, Scott Fong, David N. Kim, Stephen M. Gillinov, Ronak J. Mahatme, Jacquelyn Simington, Peter F. Monahan, Wasif Islam, Jay Moran, Nathan L. Grimm, and Andrew E. Jimenez
- Subjects
Orthopedics and Sports Medicine - Published
- 2023
34. Examining the Distribution of Bone Bruise Patterns in Contact and Noncontact Acute Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries
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Jay Moran, Michael S. Lee, Kyle N. Kunze, Joshua S. Green, Lee D. Katz, Annie Wang, William M. McLaughlin, Stephen M. Gillinov, Andrew E. Jimenez, Timothy E. Hewett, Robert F. LaPrade, and Michael J. Medvecky
- Subjects
Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation ,Orthopedics and Sports Medicine - Abstract
Background: Bone bruises are commonly seen on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in acute anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries and can provide insight into the underlying mechanism of injury. There are limited reports that have compared the bone bruise patterns between contact and noncontact mechanisms of ACL injury. Purpose: To examine and compare the number and location of bone bruises in contact and noncontact ACL injuries. Study Design: Cross-sectional study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: Three hundred twenty patients who underwent ACL reconstruction surgery between 2015 and 2021 were identified. Inclusion criteria were clear documentation of the mechanism of injury and MRI within 30 days of the injury on a 3-T scanner. Patients with concomitant fractures, injuries to the posterolateral corner or posterior cruciate ligament, and/or previous ipsilateral knee injury were excluded. Patients were stratified into 2 cohorts based on a contact or noncontact mechanism. Preoperative MRI scans were retrospectively reviewed by 2 musculoskeletal radiologists for bone bruises. The number and location of the bone bruises were recorded in the coronal and sagittal planes using fat-suppressed T2-weighted images and a standardized mapping technique. Lateral and medial meniscal tears were recorded from the operative notes, while medial collateral ligament (MCL) injuries were graded on MRI. Results: A total of 220 patients were included, with 142 (64.5%) noncontact injuries and 78 (35.5%) contact injuries. There was a significantly higher frequency of men in the contact cohort compared with the noncontact cohort (69.2% vs 54.2%, P = .030), while age and body mass index were comparable between the 2 cohorts. The bivariate analysis demonstrated a significantly higher rate of combined lateral tibiofemoral (lateral femoral condyle [LFC] + lateral tibial plateau [LTP]) bone bruises (82.1% vs 48.6%, P < .001) and a lower rate of combined medial tibiofemoral (medial femoral condyle [MFC] + medial tibial plateau [MTP]) bone bruises (39.7% vs 66.2%, P < .001) in knees with contact injuries. Similarly, noncontact injuries had a significantly higher rate of centrally located MFC bone bruises (80.3% vs 61.5%, P = .003) and posteriorly located MTP bruises (66.2% vs 52.6%, P = .047). When controlling for age and sex, the multivariate logistical regression model demonstrated that knees with contact injuries were more likely to have LTP bone bruises (OR, 4.721 [95% CI, 1.147-19.433], P = .032) and less likely to have combined medial tibiofemoral (MFC + MTP) bone bruises (OR, 0.331 [95% CI, 0.144-0.762], P = .009) compared with those with noncontact injuries. Conclusion: Significantly different bone bruise patterns were observed on MRI based on ACL injury mechanism, with contact and noncontact injuries demonstrating characteristic findings in the lateral tibiofemoral and medial tibiofemoral compartments, respectively.
- Published
- 2023
35. Short Symptom Duration Is Associated With Superior Outcomes in Patients Undergoing Primary Hip Arthroscopy: A Systematic Review
- Author
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David Nam-Woo Kim, Michael S. Lee, Ronak J. Mahatme, Stephen M. Gillinov, Wasif Islam, Scott Fong, Amy Y. Lee, Seyi Abu, Nicholas Pettinelli, Michael J. Medvecky, and Andrew E. Jimenez
- Subjects
Orthopedics and Sports Medicine - Abstract
To evaluate the effect of duration of preoperative hip pain symptoms on outcomes in patients undergoing primary hip arthroscopy for the treatment of femoroacetabular impingement syndrome (FAIS).A systematic review of the literature was conducted with the following keywords: "hip arthroscopy," "outcomes," "femoroacetabular impingement," "duration," "symptoms," "time," "delay," "earlier," and "timing" was performed in PubMed and Cochrane in May 2022. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines were used for this review. When available, article information including the author, study type, study period, and follow-up, demographics, preoperative duration of symptoms, surgical outcome tools, and secondary surgeries were recorded.Six studies including 3,298 hips were included in this systematic review. Five studies had minimum 2-year follow-up and one study had minimum 5-year follow-up. Femoroacetabular impingement (including subtypes cam and pincer impingement) was a surgical indication in all six studies, and the most common indication for surgery. All six studies reported patient-reported outcome scores (PROs). All studies conducted statistical analyses comparing the duration of symptoms' effect on outcomes and found superior outcomes in patients with shorter duration of symptoms prior to hip arthroscopy. In three studies, mHHS, HOS-ADL, HOS-SS and VAS-Satisfaction ranged from 79.1-82.6, 86.3-88.4, 75-75.5. and 75.3-82.5, respectively in cohorts with2-year duration of symptoms, compared to 72-77.7, 79.6-84, 65.0-66.7, and 69.7-75.3 in2-year cohort. Similarly, in one study the2-year duration group was reported to have a conversion to total hip arthroplasty rate of 0.6% and an overall secondary surgery rate of 0.9%, while the2-year duration group had a conversion to total hip arthroplasty rate of 6.4% and an overall secondary surgery rate of 10.1%.Patients with hip pain symptoms of less than 2 years before arthroscopic treatment of FAIS have better outcomes than those patients who had a longer duration of symptoms. However, significant improvements can still be expected regardless of time between onset of symptoms and surgery.Level IV, systematic review of Level III and Level IV studies.
- Published
- 2023
36. Sudden-onset unilateral painless vision loss
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Rusdeep Mundae, Michael S. Lee, Peter H. Tang, Guneet S. Sodhi, and Doran Spencer
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medicine.medical_specialty ,genetic structures ,Giant Cell Arteritis ,Retina ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Lethargy ,Retinal Diseases ,Prednisone ,Foveal ,Ophthalmology ,medicine ,Humans ,Fluorescein Angiography ,Aged ,business.industry ,Retinal ,medicine.disease ,eye diseases ,Temporal Arteries ,Jaw claudication ,Giant cell arteritis ,chemistry ,Maculopathy ,Female ,sense organs ,business ,Tomography, Optical Coherence ,Sudden onset ,medicine.drug - Abstract
A 75-year-old Caucasian woman presented with sudden-onset multifocal scotomas in her right eye's central vision for 1 day. There were subtle white intraretinal foveal lesions that correlated with patchy inner retinal hyperreflectivity on optical coherence tomography, suggestive of paracentral acute middle maculopathy. Initial cerebrovascular work-up was negative. Review of systems was positive for lethargy and jaw claudication. The sedimentation rate and c-reactive protein were elevated, but platelet count was normal. The patient was started on 60 mg oral prednisone daily and underwent bilateral temporal artery that confirmed the diagnosis of giant cell arteritis.
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- 2023
37. Medical Management of Thyroid Eye Disease
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Alisha Kamboj, Michael S. Lee, and Collin M. McClelland
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Ophthalmology - Published
- 2023
38. Propensity-Matched Patients Undergoing Revision Hip Arthroscopy Older Than the Age of 40 Years Had Greater Risk of Conversion to Total Hip Arthroplasty Compared With Their Primary Counterparts
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David R. Maldonado, Samantha C. Diulus, Michael S. Lee, Jade S. Owens, Andrew E. Jimenez, Paulo A. Perez-Padilla, and Benjamin G. Domb
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Adult ,Male ,Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip ,Middle Aged ,Arthroscopy ,Treatment Outcome ,Patient Satisfaction ,Case-Control Studies ,Femoracetabular Impingement ,Humans ,Female ,Hip Joint ,Orthopedics and Sports Medicine ,Patient Reported Outcome Measures ,Retrospective Studies ,Follow-Up Studies - Abstract
To report patient-reported outcomes (PROs) and survivorship following revision hip arthroscopy in patients aged ≥40 years and to compare these results with a propensity-matched primary hip arthroscopy control group.Data were prospectively collected and retrospectively reviewed for all patients who underwent revision hip arthroscopy between June 2008 and January 2019. Patients were included if they were ≥40 years of age at the time of surgery and had minimum 2-year follow-up for the modified Harris Hip Score, Nonarthritic Hip Score, Visual Analog Scale for pain, and the Hip Outcome Score-Sports Specific Subscale. Patients who had a previous hip condition, or those who lacked minimum 2-year follow-up, were excluded. The revision group was further analyzed by conducting a 1:1 propensity-matched sub-analysis to a primary hip arthroscopy control group based on age, sex, body mass index, and acetabular labrum articular disruption grade. Statistical significance was set at P.05.Eighty-nine hips (92.7% follow-up) were included, with 66.3% being females. The mean age, body mass index, and follow-up time were 49.4 ± 8.0 years, 26.6 ± 4.1, and 62.7 ± 38.5 months, respectively. Significant improvement in all PROs (P.001) was reported, and 71.8%, 58 74.4%, and 65.2% achieved the minimal clinically important difference for the modified Harris Hip Score, Nonarthritic Hip Score, and Hip Outcome Score-Sports Specific Subscale, respectively. Eighty-seven revision hips were successfully propensity-matched to 87 primary hips. Both groups reported similar improvement for all PROs, but the relative risk of conversion to total hip arthroplasty was 2.63 times greater (95% confidence interval 1.20-5.79) for the revision group.Patients aged ≥40 years who underwent revision hip arthroscopy reported significant improvement in all PROs at a mean follow-up of 62.7 months with favorable rates of achieving the minimal clinically important difference. When compared to the propensity-matched control group, both achieved similar rates of improvement, but the revision group was 2.63 times more likely to convert to total hip arthroplasty.III. case-control study.
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- 2023
39. Transient Visual Obscurations Without Papilloedema as the Heralding Symptom of Chiasmal Compression
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Niels A. Ryden, Helena Lam, Casey Judge, Andrew S. Venteicher, and Michael S. Lee
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Ophthalmology ,Neurology (clinical) - Published
- 2022
40. Elite Female Athletes Demonstrate a Comparable Improvement in Midterm Patient-Reported Outcome Scores and Rate of Return to Sport Compared With Elite Male Athletes After Hip Arthroscopic Surgery: A Sex-Based Comparison in Professional and Collegiate Athletes
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Jade S. Owens, Michael S. Lee, Andrew E. Jimenez, David R. Maldonado, Ajay C. Lall, and Benjamin G. Domb
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Male ,Adult ,Adolescent ,Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation ,Return to Sport ,Cohort Studies ,Young Adult ,Arthroscopy ,Treatment Outcome ,Athletes ,Femoracetabular Impingement ,Humans ,Female ,Hip Joint ,Orthopedics and Sports Medicine ,Patient Reported Outcome Measures ,Retrospective Studies - Abstract
Background: Few studies have compared outcomes, return to sport (RTS), and continuation of sport (CTS) after primary hip arthroscopic surgery between matched groups of male and female athletes with a minimum 5-year follow-up. Purpose: (1) To report minimum 5-year patient-reported outcome (PRO) scores as well as RTS and CTS rates for elite female athletes undergoing hip arthroscopic surgery for femoroacetabular impingement syndrome (FAIS) and (2) to compare clinical results with those of a matched control group of elite male athletes. Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: Data were prospectively collected and retrospectively reviewed for elite (collegiate or professional) female athletes who underwent primary hip arthroscopic surgery for FAIS between March 2009 and March 2016. Inclusion criteria were preoperative and minimum 5-year scores for the modified Harris Hip Score, Nonarthritic Hip Score, Hip Outcome Score–Sport Specific Subscale, and visual analog scale for pain. Exclusion criteria were Tönnis grade >1, hip dysplasia, previous ipsilateral hip surgery/conditions, and those unwilling to participate. Rates of achieving the minimal clinically important difference (MCID), Patient Acceptable Symptom State (PASS), and maximum outcome improvement satisfaction threshold (MOIST) were recorded in addition to RTS. CTS was also recorded and defined as athletes reporting continued sport activity at a minimum 5-year follow-up after initially reporting returning to sport. Elite female athletes were propensity matched in a 1:1 ratio to elite male athletes for comparison. Results: A total of 81 hips in elite female athletes that underwent primary hip arthroscopic surgery met the inclusion criteria, and follow-up was available for 65 hips (80.2%) at a mean of 67.6 ± 6.5 months, with a mean age of 24.3 ± 6.8 years. Female athletes demonstrated significant improvements in all recorded PRO scores; achieved the MCID, PASS, and MOIST at high rates; returned to sport at a rate of 80.4%; and continued sport at a rate of 97.1%. Female athletes demonstrated lower preoperative PRO scores compared with male athletes, but postoperative PRO scores; improvements in scores; rates of achieving the MCID, PASS, MOIST; and RTS and CTS rates were similar between female and male athletes. Conclusion: Elite female athletes undergoing primary hip arthroscopic surgery for FAIS demonstrated favorable PRO scores and high RTS and CTS rates at a minimum 5-year follow-up. These results were comparable with those of a propensity-matched control group of elite male athletes.
- Published
- 2022
41. Athletes Undergoing Concomitant Hip Arthroscopy and Periacetabular Osteotomy Demonstrate Greater Than 80% Return-to-Sport Rate at 2-Year Minimum Follow-Up
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Andrew E. Jimenez, Michael S. Lee, Jade S. Owens, David R. Maldonado, Justin M. LaReau, and Benjamin G. Domb
- Subjects
Adult ,Adolescent ,Osteotomy ,Return to Sport ,Arthroscopy ,Young Adult ,Treatment Outcome ,Athletes ,Femoracetabular Impingement ,Hip Dislocation ,Humans ,Hip Joint ,Orthopedics and Sports Medicine ,Patient Reported Outcome Measures ,Hip Dislocation, Congenital ,Follow-Up Studies ,Retrospective Studies - Abstract
To report minimum 2-year follow-up patient-reported outcomes and return-to-sport (RTS) rates in athletes undergoing concomitant hip arthroscopy and periacetabular osteotomy (PAO) to treat acetabular dysplasia and intra-articular pathologies such as cam deformity and labral tears.We reviewed the data of consecutive athletes undergoing concomitant primary hip arthroscopy and PAO for acetabular dysplasia and cam deformity from November 2010 to December 2018. Patients were included in the study if they had the following preoperative and minimum 2-year postoperative scores: modified Harris Hip Score (mHHS), Nonarthritic Hip Score (NAHS), and Hip Outcome Score-Sport-Specific Subscale (HOS-SSS). The percentage of patients who achieved the minimal clinically important difference was recorded, in addition to RTS status.A total of 29 athletes (29 hips) were included, with a mean follow-up time of 34.1 ± 7.9 months, mean age of 26.0 ± 8.7 years, and mean body mass index of 23.7 ± 3.4. These athletes showed significant improvements in the mHHS, NAHS, and HOS-SSS from baseline to latest follow-up (P.001). The minimal clinically important difference was achieved at high rates for the mHHS (82.8%), NAHS (86.2%), and HOS-SSS (79.3%). Athletes who attempted to RTS successfully returned at a rate of 81.8%.Athletes undergoing concomitant hip arthroscopy and PAO showed significant improvements in patient-reported outcomes at minimum 2-year follow-up and had an RTS rate of 81.8%.Level IV, retrospective case series.
- Published
- 2022
42. Determining Clinically Meaningful Thresholds for the Hip Outcome Score Sport-Specific Subscale in Athletes Undergoing Hip Arthroscopy for Femoroacetabular Impingement Syndrome
- Author
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Jade S. Owens, Andrew E. Jimenez, Michael S. Lee, Tom George, David R. Maldonado, and Benjamin G. Domb
- Subjects
Adult ,Male ,Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation ,Cohort Studies ,Arthroscopy ,Young Adult ,Treatment Outcome ,Athletes ,Activities of Daily Living ,Femoracetabular Impingement ,Humans ,Female ,Hip Joint ,Orthopedics and Sports Medicine ,Follow-Up Studies ,Retrospective Studies - Abstract
Background: The minimal clinically important difference (MCID), Patient Acceptable Symptom State (PASS), substantial clinical benefit (SCB), and maximum outcome improvement (MOI) satisfaction threshold for the Hip Outcome Score Sport-Specific Subscale (HOS-SSS) have not been established in athletes undergoing hip arthroscopy for femoroacetabular impingement syndrome (FAIS). Purpose: To determine threshold MCID, PASS, SCB, and MOI satisfaction threshold values for the HOS-SSS in athletes undergoing hip arthroscopy for FAIS at minimum 2–year follow–up. Study Design: Cohort study (Diagnosis); Level of evidence, 3. Methods: Anchor questions were administered to recreational, organized amateur, high school, college, and professional athletes who underwent primary hip arthroscopy for FAIS between May 2015 and March 2019. Patients were included if they were younger than 50 years, answered the anchor questions, and had preoperative and minimum 2–year follow–up for the HOS-SSS, modified Harris Hip Score (mHHS), Non-Arthritic Hip Score (NAHS), and visual analog scale (VAS) for pain. Exclusion criteria were Tönnis grade >1, hip dysplasia (lateral center–edge angle Results: A total of 225 athletes who underwent primary hip arthroscopy met the inclusion criteria. Of those athletes, 200 (88.9%) who had minimum 2–year follow–up and information regarding return to sport (RTS) were included. The cohort included 124 (62.0%) women and 76 (38.0%) men with a mean ± standard deviation age of 29.4 ± 10.4 years, body mass index of 25.6 ± 5.4, and follow–up of 29.5 ± 5.1 months. Athletes experienced significant improvements in HOS-SSS, mHHS, NAHS, and VAS from preoperative to latest postoperative follow–up ( P < .001), and mean satisfaction was 8.2. The RTS rate was 83.7%. ROC analysis determined that the PASS, MOI satisfaction threshold, SCB absolute score, SCB change score, and MCID (baseline/change score methods) for the HOS-SSS were 77.0, 44.6%, 92.7, 30.6, and 10.6, respectively, with athletes achieving thresholds at high rates (80.0%, 80.5%, 45.0%, 54.0%, and 79.5%, respectively). Conclusion: This study identified values for the HOS-SSS that can be used to define clinically meaningful outcomes in athletes after primary hip arthroscopy for FAIS. The PASS, MOI satisfaction threshold, SCB absolute score, SCB change score, and MCID for the HOS-SSS at minimum 2–year follow–up in athletes after primary hip arthroscopy were 77.0, 44.6%, 92.7, 30.6, and 10.6, respectively.
- Published
- 2022
43. Targeting RAS Mutant Colorectal Cancer with Dual Inhibition of MEK and CDK4/6
- Author
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Alexey V. Sorokin, Preeti Kanikarla Marie, Lea Bitner, Muddassir Syed, Melanie Woods, Ganiraju Manyam, Lawrence N. Kwong, Benny Johnson, Van K. Morris, Philip Jones, David G. Menter, Michael S. Lee, and Scott Kopetz
- Subjects
Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Kinases ,Proto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras) ,Cancer Research ,Oncology ,Cell Line, Tumor ,Mutation ,Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 4 ,Humans ,Tyrosine ,Colorectal Neoplasms ,Protein Kinase Inhibitors ,Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays - Abstract
KRAS and NRAS mutations occur in 45% of colorectal cancers, with combined MAPK pathway and CDK4/6 inhibition identified as a potential therapeutic strategy. In the current study, this combinatorial treatment approach was evaluated in a co-clinical trial in patient-derived xenografts (PDX), and safety was established in a clinical trial of binimetinib and palbociclib in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer with RAS mutations. Across 18 PDX models undergoing dual inhibition of MEK and CDK4/6, 60% of tumors regressed, meeting the co-clinical trial primary endpoint. Prolonged duration of response occurred predominantly in TP53 wild-type models. Clinical evaluation of binimetinib and palbociclib in a safety lead-in confirmed safety and provided preliminary evidence of activity. Prolonged treatment in PDX models resulted in feedback activation of receptor tyrosine kinases and acquired resistance, which was reversed with a SHP2 inhibitor. These results highlight the clinical potential of this combination in colorectal cancer, along with the utility of PDX-based co-clinical trial platforms for drug development. Significance: This co-clinical trial of combined MEK-CDK4/6 inhibition in RAS mutant colorectal cancer demonstrates therapeutic efficacy in patient-derived xenografts and safety in patients, identifies biomarkers of response, and uncovers targetable mechanisms of resistance.
- Published
- 2022
44. Females and Males Achieved Comparable Outcomes and Clinical Benefits Following Primary Hip Arthroscopy with Labral Repair, but Age Affected Outcomes and Conversion to Total Hip Arthroplasty. A Short and Mid-Term Follow-Up Analysis with Dual Stratification
- Author
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David R, Maldonado, Jade S, Owens, Cammille C, Go, Michael S, Lee, Benjamin R, Saks, Andrew E, Jimenez, Ajay C, Lall, and Benjamin G, Domb
- Subjects
Adult ,Male ,Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip ,Middle Aged ,Arthroscopy ,Young Adult ,Treatment Outcome ,Patient Satisfaction ,Femoracetabular Impingement ,Humans ,Female ,Hip Joint ,Orthopedics and Sports Medicine ,Patient Reported Outcome Measures ,Follow-Up Studies ,Retrospective Studies - Abstract
To report and compare, according to sex and age, minimum 2-and minimum 5-year patient-reported outcome scores (PROs) and survivorship in a large cohort of patients who underwent primary hip arthroscopy for femoroacetabular impingement syndrome (FAIS).Data from February 2008 to September 2018 were reviewed. Patients aged 60 and younger who underwent primary hip arthroscopy with minimum 2-year follow-up were included. Exclusion criteria were Tönnis grade1, hip dysplasia, previous hip conditions, or any labral treatment different than repair. Minimum 5-year PROs were also collected. All patients included were divided into groups by sex. For further analysis, males and females were stratified according to age:21 years old, 21-30 years old, 31-40 years old, 41-50 years old, and 51-60 years old.In total, 1,326 hips had minimum 2-year follow-up, including 860 (64.9%) females and 466 males (35.1%), with a mean age of 31.6 years (range, 12.8-60.9 years) and a mean follow-up of 58.7 ± 28.9 months. Of those, 772 had minimum 5-year follow-up, 515 females (66.7%), and 257 males (33.3%) with a mean age of 31.7 years (range, 13.1-60.7 years) and a mean follow-up of 78.5 ± 23.0 months. All patients showed significant improvements in PROs at minimum 2-and 5-year follow-up (P.001). Between sex analysis revealed comparable PROs at latest follow-up between females and males across any age group. Within sexes, and when sexes were combined, patients21 years old had significantly better outcomes compared to other age groups. There were more females21 years old that required revision arthroscopy than males21 years old (P = .015). Conversion to total hip arthroplasty (THA) showed no significant difference between sexes (P.05). Rates of THA were21 years (.8%), 21-30 years (2.1%), 31-40 years (4%), 41-50 years (8.9%), and 51-60 years (14.3%).Following primary hip arthroscopy for FAIS, all patients reported significant improvements in all PROs at minimum 2-and minimum 5-year follow-up, with females and males achieving similar success. Age affected outcomes, with patients under 21 years old reporting better scores regardless of sex. Although the conversion rate to THA was similar between the sexes, it was lower in the younger ages groups in both sexes.III, retrospective comparative observation trial.
- Published
- 2022
45. Membrane insertion of fusion peptides from Ebola and Marburg viruses studied by replica-exchange molecular dynamics simulations.
- Author
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Mark A. Olson, Michael S. Lee, and In-Chul Yeh
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
46. Visual Snow is Alleviated by Adapting to Visual Noise
- Author
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Samantha Anne Montoya, Carter B. Mulder, Michael S. Lee, Michael-Paul Schallmo, and Stephen A. Engel
- Abstract
Visual snow syndrome—characterised by flickering specks throughout the visual field and accompanied by other symptoms—can disrupt daily life and affects roughly 2% of the population. However, its neural bases remain mysterious, and treatments are lacking. Here we present a method to quickly and reliably eliminate the visual snow symptom for a period of time. Prolonged viewing of a visual stimulus can strongly reduce sensitivity to subsequent stimuli, and we tested whether such adaptation could affect visual snow. Participants with visual snow (total n = 27) viewed high-contrast dynamic noise patterns, resembling television static, and then judged the strength of the symptom. Visual snow was temporarily reduced in strength to the point that it was invisible in many conditions for most observers. The effect followed typical trends of adaptation for physical stimuli in normally sighted observers. Effect duration increased monotonically with duration of exposure to the adapter and it was specific to dynamic noise; adapting to a high contrast striped pattern had little effect on visual snow. Adaptation provides reliable experimental control over visual snow, and so is a promising tool for understanding its neural origins, developing diagnostic tests, and may also provide a basis for treatment.
- Published
- 2023
47. Does Intracranial Pressure Influence the Development of Glaucoma?
- Author
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Michael S. Lee, Timothy J. McCulley, Andrew G. Lee, and Gregory P. Van Stavern
- Subjects
Ophthalmology ,Neurology (clinical) - Published
- 2023
48. Clinical Outcomes of Calcium-Channel Blocker vs Beta-Blocker
- Author
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Moo Hyun Kim, Song Lin Yuan, Kwang Min Lee, Xuan Jin, Zhao Yan Song, Young-Rak Cho, Michael S. Lee, Ju Han Kim, and Myung Ho Jeong
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Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine - Published
- 2023
49. Data from Prognostic and Predictive Biomarkers in Patients with Metastatic Colorectal Cancer Receiving Regorafenib
- Author
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Andrew B. Nixon, Federico Innocenti, Hanna K. Sanoff, Michael S. Lee, Dominic T. Moore, Anastasia Ivanova, Kouros Owzar, Chiara Cremolini, Alfredo Falcone, Richard M. Goldberg, Daniele Rossini, Federica Marmorino, Kelli Hammond, John C. Brady, Mark D. Starr, Ace J. Hatch, Alexander B. Sibley, Kirsten Bell Burdett, Jing Lyu, and Yingmiao Liu
- Abstract
Regorafenib is a tyrosine kinase inhibitor approved by the FDA for the treatment of patients with chemotherapy refractory metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). Regorafenib inhibits signaling through multiple receptors associated with angiogenesis, metastasis, and tumor immunity. Here, we report biomarker results from LCCC1029, a randomized, placebo-controlled, phase II trial of chemotherapy ± regorafenib in patients with second-line mCRC. A panel of 20 soluble protein biomarkers (termed the Angiome) was assessed in the plasma of 149 patients from the LCCC1029 trial both at baseline and along the treatment continuum. Baseline protein levels were analyzed for prognostic and predictive value for progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). Changes in protein levels during treatment were analyzed for potential pharmacodynamic effects. Six markers (HGF, IL6, PlGF, VEGF-R1, OPN, and IL6R) were found to be prognostic for PFS. Nine markers (IL6, TIMP-1, PlGF, VCAM-1, ICAM-1, OPN, TSP-2, HGF, and VEGF-R1) were prognostic for OS. Higher baseline levels of OPN (Pintx = 0.0167), VCAM-1 (Pintx = 0.0216), and PDGF-AA (Pintx = 0.0435) appeared to predict for PFS benefit from regorafenib compared with placebo. VCAM-1 was also potentially predictive of OS benefit from regorafenib compared with placebo (Pintx = 0.0124). On-treatment changes of six markers reflected potential on-target effect of regorafenib. Consistent results were observed in an Italian cohort where 105 patients with late-stage mCRC received regorafenib monotherapy. The key findings of this study suggest that VCAM-1 may be a predictive biomarker for regorafenib benefit, while multiple protein markers may be prognostic of outcome in patients with mCRC.
- Published
- 2023
50. Figure S1, Table S1, Table S2, Table S3, Table S4, Table S5, Table S6 from Prognostic and Predictive Biomarkers in Patients with Metastatic Colorectal Cancer Receiving Regorafenib
- Author
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Andrew B. Nixon, Federico Innocenti, Hanna K. Sanoff, Michael S. Lee, Dominic T. Moore, Anastasia Ivanova, Kouros Owzar, Chiara Cremolini, Alfredo Falcone, Richard M. Goldberg, Daniele Rossini, Federica Marmorino, Kelli Hammond, John C. Brady, Mark D. Starr, Ace J. Hatch, Alexander B. Sibley, Kirsten Bell Burdett, Jing Lyu, and Yingmiao Liu
- Abstract
Figure S1, consort diagram. Table S1, pts characteristics. Table S2, baseline levels. Table S3, prognostic markers. Table S4, adjusted prognostic markers. Table S5, early changes. Table S6, late changes at disease progression.
- Published
- 2023
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