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Schiffbauprojekte müssen trotz steigendem Arbeitsumfang in immer kürzeren Lieferzeiten fertiggestellt werden. Daher haben sich komplexe maritime Wertschöpfungsketten gebildet, die ein hohes Maß an Arbeitsteilung praktizieren. Während eines Schiffbauprojektes müssen viele Arbeiten und Akteure zeitlich und inhaltlich koordiniert werden. Die Kommunikation des Bauzustandes entlang der Wertschöpfungskette spielt eine entscheidende Rolle. Dieser Beitrag präsentiert einen Ansatz, wie durch geeignete Digitalisierung das Bauzustandsmonitoring im Schiffbau optimiert werden kann.

The Scientific Advisory Board (SAB) of the Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons (OPCW) has provided advice in relation to the Chemical Weapons Convention on assistance and protection. We present the SAB's response to a request from the OPCW Director-General in 2014 for information on the best practices for preventing and treating the health effects from acute, prolonged, and repeated organophosphorus nerve agent (NA) exposure. The report summarises pre- and post-exposure treatments, and developments in decontaminants and adsorbing materials, that at the time of the advice, were available for NAs. The updated information provided could assist medics and emergency responders unfamiliar with treatment and decontamination options related to exposure to NAs. The SAB recommended that developments in research on medical countermeasures and decontaminants for NAs should be monitored by the OPCW, and used in assistance and protection training courses and workshops organised through its capacity building programmes. Fil: Timperley, Christopher M.. Defence Science and Technology Laboratory; Reino Unido Fil: Abdollahi, Mohammad. Tehran University of Medical Sciences; Irán Fil: Al-Amri, Abdullah Saeed. Saudi Basic Industries Corporation; Arabia Saudita Fil: Baulig, Augustin. Secrétariat Général de la Défense Et de la Sécurité Nationale; Francia Fil: Benachour, Djafer. Université Ferhat Abbas Sétif 1; Argelia Fil: Borrett, Veronica. Bai Scientific; Australia. University of Melbourne; Australia Fil: Cariño, Flerida A.. University Of The Philippines Diliman; Filipinas Fil: Geist, Michael. Basf Se; Alemania Fil: Gonzalez, David. Universidad de la República Facultad de Química; Uruguay Fil: Kane, William. Monsanto Company; Estados Unidos Fil: Kovarik, Zrinka. Institut Za Medicinska Istrazivanja I Medicinu Rada; Croacia Fil: Martínez Álvarez, Roberto. Universidad Complutense de Madrid; España Fil: Mourão, Nicia Maria Fusaro. ABIQUIM; Brasil Fil: Neffe, Slawomir. Military University of Technology; Polonia Fil: Raza, Syed K.. Institute of Pesticides Formulation Technology; India Fil: Rubaylo, Valentin. State Scientific Research Institute of Organic Chemistry and Technology; Rusia Fil: Suarez, Alejandra Graciela. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Rosario. Instituto de Química Rosario. Universidad Nacional de Rosario. Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas. Instituto de Química Rosario; Argentina Fil: Takeuchi, Koji. National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology; Japón Fil: Tang, Cheng. National Defence University; China Fil: Trifirò, Ferruccio. Universidad de Bologna; Italia Fil: van Straten, Francois Mauritz. South African Nuclear Energy Corporation SOC Ltd.; Sudáfrica Fil: Vanninen, Paula S.. University of Helsinki; Finlandia Fil: Vucinic, Slavica. Vojnomedicinska Akademija; Serbia Fil: Zaitsev, Volodymyr. Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro; Brasil. Taras Shevchenko National University Of Kyiv; Ucrania Fil: Zafar Uz Zaman, Muhammad. National Engineering and Scientific Commission; Pakistán Fil: Zina, Mongia Saïd. Université de Tunis El Manar. Faculté Des Sciences de Tunis; Túnez Fil: Holen, Stian. Opcw Scientific Advisory Board Secretary; Países Bajos Fil: Forman, Jonathan E.. Opcw Scientific Advisory Board Secretary And Science Policy Adviser; Países Bajos. Organisation for The Prohibition of Chemical Weapons; Países Bajos Fil: Alwan, Wesam S.. Monash University Victorian College Of Pharmacy; Australia. OPCW Office of Strategy and Policy; Países Bajos Fil: Suri, Vivek. Opcw Office Of Strategy And Policy; Países Bajos

Blister agents damage the skin, eyes, mucous membranes and subcutaneous tissues. Other toxic effects may occur after absorption. The response of the Scientific Advisory Board (SAB) of the Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons (OPCW) to a request from the OPCW Director-General in 2013 on the status of medical countermeasures and treatments to blister agents is updated through the incorporation of the latest information. The physical and toxicological properties of sulfur mustard and clinical effects and treatments are summarised. The information should assist medics and emergency responders who may be unfamiliar with the toxidrome of sulfur mustard and its treatment.

We are grateful for the opportunity to participate in the Canadian Government’s consultation on a modern copyright framework for AI and the Internet of Things. Below, we present some of our research findings relating to the importance of flexibility in copyright law to permit text and data mining (“TDM”). As the consultation paper recognizes, TDM is a critical element of artificial intelligence. Our research supports the adoption of a specific exception for uses of works in TDM to supplement Canada’s existing general fair dealing exception. Empirical research shows that more publication of citable research takes place in countries with “open” research exceptions -- that is, research exceptions that are open to all uses (e.g. reproduction and communication), to all works, and to all users. Empirical research also shows that text and data mining research is promoted through exceptions that more specifically authorize text and data mining research. While these studies are preliminary and we are still improving on them, they provide evidence that supports the approach of combining a general research exception with a more specific data mining exception.

This chapter examines the Canadian Equustek case, tracing the development of internet jurisdiction cases in the late 1990s to the current legal battles over the appropriate scope of court orders that wield far greater effect than conventional, domestic-based orders. The chapter begins by recounting the Yahoo France case, the internet jurisdiction case that placed the conflict challenges squarely on the legal radar screen. It continues with a detailed examination of the Equustek decision and its aftermath, including efforts by Google to curtail the effect of the Canadian court order by obtaining a countervailing order from a US court and the use by Canadian courts to extend the ruling to other internet platforms and online issues. It also cites one additional risk with overbroad national court orders related to online activity, namely the prospect of further empowering large internet intermediaries, who may selectively choose which laws and orders to follow, thereby overriding conventional enforcement of court orders and national regulation.

Cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) is an effective treatment for heart failure (HF); however, a third of patients are non-responders. The development of quadripolar left ventricular (LV) lead was shown, mainly in single manufactures’ registry, to improve LV remodeling and overall mortality. However, limited reports exist on the impact of quadripolar LV leads on HF hospitalization rates in real-life cohorts. We evaluated the clinical outcomes associated with quadripolar LV leads in a large nation-wide registry including all patients implanted with a cardiac resynchronization therapy with defibrillator (CRT-D). Between July 2010 and October 2016, 2913 consecutive patients were implanted with a CRT-D and all were prospectively enrolled in the Israeli ICD Registry. Quadripolar LV leads were implanted in 973 (33.4%) patients during this period, and their clinical outcomes were compared to CRT-D recipients implanted with a bipolar LV lead. Primary endpoint was HF hospitalization rate. Quadripolar leads were implanted more in patients with non-ischemic cardiomyopathy and for primary prevention indication and less in post-infarction patients and for secondary prevention of sudden death. Longer QRS duration was observed with quadripolar leads (147 ± 23 vs 143 ± 25; p

The Scientific Advisory Board (SAB) of the Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons (OPCW) has provided advice on assistance and protection in relation to the Chemical Weapons Convention. In this, the first of several papers describing the SAB's work on this topic, we describe advice given in response to questions from the OPCW Director-General in 2013 and 2014 on the status of available medical countermeasures and treatments to organophosphorus nerve agents. This paper provides the evidence base for this advice which recommended to the OPCW pretreatments, emergency care, and long-term treatments that were available at the time of the request for this class of chemical warfare agent (CWA). It includes a bibliography of over 140 scientific references, which can be used as a platform for watching future medical countermeasure developments. The information provided in this paper should serve as a valuable reference for medical professionals and emergency responders who may have no knowledge of the symptoms and treatment options of exposure to nerve agents. Fil: Timperley, Christopher M.. Defence Science and Technology Laboratory; Reino Unido Fil: Forman, Jonathan E.. OPCW Scientific Advisory Board Secretary and Science Policy Adviser; Países Bajos Fil: Abdollahi, Mohammad. Tehran University Of Medical Sciences; Irán Fil: Al-Amri, Abdullah Saeed. Saudi Basic Industries Corporation; Arabia Saudita Fil: Baulig, Augustin. Secrétariat Général de la Défense et de la Sécurité Nationale; Francia Fil: Benachour, Djafer. Ferhat Abbas University, Setif-1; Argelia Fil: Borrett, Veronica. Bai Scientific; Australia. University of Melbourne; Australia Fil: Cariño, Flerida A.. University of the Philippines; Filipinas Fil: Geist, Michael. Basf Se; Alemania Fil: Gonzalez, David. Universidad de la República Facultad de Química; Uruguay. Universidad de la República; Uruguay Fil: Kane, William. Monsanto Company; Estados Unidos Fil: Kovarik, Zrinka. Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health; Croacia Fil: Martínez Álvarez, Roberto. Universidad Complutense de Madrid; España Fil: Mourão, Nicia Maria Fusaro. ABIQUIM; Brasil Fil: Neffe, Slawomir. Military University of Technology; Polonia Fil: Raza, Syed K.. Institute Of Pesticide Formulation Technology (ipft); India Fil: Rubaylo, Valentin. State Scientific Research Institute of Organic Chemistry and Technology; Rusia Fil: Suarez, Alejandra Graciela. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Rosario. Instituto de Química Rosario. Universidad Nacional de Rosario. Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas. Instituto de Química Rosario; Argentina Fil: Takeuchi, Koji. National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology; Japón Fil: Tang, Cheng. National Defence University; China Fil: Trifirò, Ferruccio. Universidad de Bologna; Italia Fil: van Straten, Francois Mauritz. South African Nuclear Energy Corporation SOC Ltd; Sudáfrica Fil: Vanninen, Paula S.. Helsingin Yliopisto; Finlandia Fil: Vucinic, Slavica. Vojnomedicinska Akademija; Serbia Fil: Zaitsev, Volodymyr. Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro; Brasil. Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv; Ucrania Fil: Zafar Uz Zaman, Muhammad. National Engineering And Scientific Commission (nescom); Pakistán Fil: Zina, Mongia Saïd. Université de Tunis El Manar, Faculté Des Sciences de Tunis; Túnez Fil: Holen, Stian. Opcw Scientific Advisory Board Secretary; Países Bajos

Limited information exists about detailed clinical characteristics and management of the small subset of Brugada syndrome (BrS) patients who had an arrhythmic event (AE).To conduct the first nationwide survey focused on BrS patients with documented AE.Israeli electrophysiology units participated if they had treated BrS patients who had cardiac arrest (CA) (lethal/aborted; group 1) or experienced appropriate therapy for tachyarrhythmias after prophylactic implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) implantation (group 2).The cohort comprised 31 patients: 25 in group 1, 6 in group 2. Group 1: 96% male, mean CA age 38 years (range 13-84). Nine patients (36%) presented with arrhythmic storm and three had a lethal outcome; 17 (68%) had spontaneous type 1 Brugada electrocardiography (ECG). An electrophysiology study (EPS) was performed on 11 patients with inducible ventricular fibrillation (VF) in 10, which was prevented by quinidine in 9/10 patients. During follow-up (143 ± 119 months) eight patients experienced appropriate shocks, none while on quinidine. Group 2: all male, age 30-53 years; 4/6 patients had familial history of sudden death age50 years. Five patients had spontaneous type 1 Brugada ECG and four were asymptomatic at ICD implantation. EPS was performed in four patients with inducible VF in three. During long-term follow-up, five patients received ≥ 1 appropriate shocks, one had ATP for sustained VT (none taking quinidine). No AE recurred in patients subsequently treated with quinidine.CA from BrS is apparently a rare occurrence on a national scale and no AE occurred in any patient treated with quinidine.

Introduction Life expectancy of less than 1 year is usually a contraindication for implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) implantation. The aim was to identify patients at risk of death during the first year after implantation. Methods and results Data were derived from a prospective Israeli ICD Registry. Two groups of patients were compared, those who died and those who were alive 1 year after ICD implantation. Factors associated with 1-year mortality were identified on a derivation cohort. A risk score was established and validated. A total of 2617 patients have completed 1 year of follow-up after ICD or cardiac resynchronization therapy defibrillator (CRT-D) implantation. Age greater than 75 years (hazard ratio [HR], 2.7; 95% confidence interval [95% CI], 1.6 to 4.4), atrial fibrillation (AF; HR, 1.9; 95% CI, 1.12 to 3.17), chronic lung disease (HR, 2.0; 95% CI, 1.1 to 3.76), anemia (HR, 2.3; 95% CI, 1.3 to 3.93) and chronic renal failure (CRF; HR, 3.4; 95% CI, 1.74 to 6.6) were independent risk factors for 1-year mortality. We propose a simple AAACC ("triple A double C") score for prediction of 1-year mortality after ICD implantation: Age greater than 75 years (3 points(pts)), anemia (2 pts), AF (1 pt), CRF (3 pts) and chronic lung disease (1 pt). Mortality risk increased with rising number of points (from 1% with 0 pts to 12.5% with >4 pts). The risk score was evaluated with receiver operating characteristic curve and the area under the curve of the validation curve is 0.71 (95% CI, 0.66 to 0.76). Conclusions Age greater than 75, AF, chronic lung disease, anemia, and CRF were independent risk factors for 1-year mortality. AAACC risk score identifies patients at high risk of death during 1 year after ICD implantation.

Compounds that cause powerful sensory irritation to humans were reviewed by the Scientific Advisory Board (SAB) of the Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons (OPCW) in response to requests in 2014 and 2017 by the OPCW Director-General to advise which riot control agents (RCAs) might be subject to declaration under the Chemical Weapons Convention (the "Convention"). The chemical and toxicological properties of 60 chemicals identified from a survey by the OPCW of RCAs that had been researched or were available for purchase, and additional chemicals recognised by the SAB as having potential RCA applications, were considered. Only 17 of the 60 chemicals met the definition of a RCA under the Convention. These findings were provided to the States Parties of the Convention to inform the implementation of obligations pertaining to RCAs under this international chemical disarmament and non-proliferation treaty. Fil: Timperley, Christopher M.. Defence Science And Technology Laboratory; Reino Unido. Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons; Países Bajos Fil: Forman, Jonathan E.. Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons; Países Bajos Fil: Åas, Pal. Norwegian Defence Research Establishment; Noruega Fil: Abdollahi, Mohammad. Tehran University of Medical Sciences; Irán Fil: Benachour, Djafer. Université Ferhat Abbas; Argelia Fil: Al Amri, Abdullah Saeed. Saudi Basic Industries Corporation; Arabia Saudita Fil: Baulig, Augustin. Secrétariat Général de la Défense Et de la Sécurité Nationale; Francia Fil: Becker Arnold, Renate. Basf; Alemania Fil: Borrett, Veronica. University of Melbourne; Australia Fil: Cariño, Flerida A.. University of the Philippines; Filipinas Fil: Curty, Christophe. Spiez Laboratory; Suiza Fil: Gonzalez, David. Universidad de la República; Uruguay Fil: Geist, Michael. Basf; Alemania Fil: Kane, William. Monsanto; Estados Unidos Fil: Kovarik, Zrinka. Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health; Croacia Fil: Martínez Álvarez, Roberto. Universidad Complutense de Madrid; España Fil: Mikulak, Robert. Fil: Fusaro Mourão, Nicia Maria. Fil: Neffe, Slawomir. Fil: De Souza Nogueira, Evandro. Fil: Ramasami, Ponnadurai. Fil: Raza, Syed K.. Fil: Rubaylo, Valentin. Fil: Saeed, Ahmed E. M.. Fil: Takeuchi, Koji. Fil: Tang, Cheng. Fil: Trifirò, Ferruccio. Universidad de Bologna; Italia Fil: Mauritz Van Straten, Francois. Fil: Suarez, Alejandra Graciela. Fil: Waqar, Farhat. Fil: Vanninen, Paula S.. Fil: Zafar Uz Zaman, Mohammad. Fil: Vucinic, Slavica. Fil: Zaitsev, Volodymyr. Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro; Brasil. Taras Shevchenko National University Of Kyiv; Fil: Zina, Mongia Saïd. Fil: Holen, Stian. Fil: Izzati, Fauzia Nurul.

Considering legal uncertainty in the online environment.

Renal Function and Outcomes After Defibrillator Implantation Background Implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICDs) and cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) reduce mortality in patients with heart failure (HF) and left ventricular dysfunction. However, their efficacy in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) is controversial. Objective We examined the association between renal dysfunction and clinical outcomes in patients undergoing ICD and CRT defibrillator (CRTD) implantation. Methods Data were collected from the Israeli ICD registry. Estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) at implantation was assessed using the modification of diet in renal disease formula. Primary outcome was all-cause mortality. Secondary outcomes included the composite endpoints of death or HF and death or ventricular arrhythmias (ventricular tachycardia/ventricular fibrillation [VT/VF]); any hospitalizations; first appropriate and inappropriate ICD therapy. Results During the study period (July 2010–November 2012), 2,811 patients were implanted with ICD or CRTD. One-year follow-up data were available for 730 ICD patients and 453 CRTD patients. Patients with eGFR < 30 mL/minute/1.73 m2 (n = 54, 4.6%) were older, had a higher prevalence of diabetes, hypertension, or ischemic heart disease. eGFR

Aims There are limited data regarding the effect of diabetes mellitus (DM) on the risks of both appropriate and inappropriate implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) therapy. The present study was designed to compare the outcome of appropriate and inappropriate ICD therapy in patients with or without DM. Methods and results The risk of a first appropriate ICD therapy for ventricular tachyarrhythmias (including anti tachycardia pacing and shock) was compared between 764 DM and 1346 non-DM patients enrolled in the national Israeli ICD registry. We also compared the risks of inappropriate ICD therapy, and death or cardiac hospitalization between diabetic and non-diabetic patients. Diabetic patients were older, were more likely to have ischemic cardiomyopathy, lower ejection fraction, atrial fibrillation, and other co-morbidities. The 3-year cumulative incidence of appropriate ICD therapy was similar in the DM and non-DM groups (12 and 13%, respectively, p = 0.983). Multivariate analysis showed that DM did not affect the risk of appropriate ICD therapy (HR = 1.07, 95% CI 0.78–1.47, p = 0.694) or inappropriate therapy (HR = 0.72, 95% CI 0.42–1.23, p = 0.232). However, DM was associated with a 31% increased risk for death or cardiac hospitalization (p = 0.005). Results were similar in subgroup analyses including ICD and defibrillators with cardiac resynchronization therapy function recipients, primary or secondary prevention indication for an ICD. Conclusions Despite a significant excess of cardiac hospitalizations and mortality in the diabetic population, there was no difference in the rate of ICD treatments, suggesting that the outcome difference is not related to arrhythmias.

Many countries find their information and digital policies still dominated by traditional stakeholders, particularly the content industry, major telecom companies, and marketing groups, yet Canada has experienced a notable shift in perspective with a strong and influential public interest voice. This shift toward public interest and participation in the development of Canadian information and digital policies has led to legislation, regulation, and policy outcomes that once seemed highly unlikely. This Article seeks to better understand the changing role of the public in Canadian information and digital policymaking by framing the developments as an ongoing policy development process featuring a series of closely linked changes and responses. The emergence of public participation on information and digital policy issues occurred across a spectrum of issues, yet the traits were strikingly similar: grassroots efforts reliant on social media and the Internet to capture media and public attention and focus it on consumer perspectives, minimal interest from government and regulators; and initial dismissal giving way to hostility from incumbent stakeholders. The Article identifies some of the reasons behind the shift, including the growing importance of information and digital policies, the impact of digital advocacy tools, and the shifting policy pyramid in which users have now largely leapfrogged corporate interests as policy influencers. While the shift does not mean the public interest wins on every issue, it does suggest an important change in influence with long-term ramifications for the development of information and digital policy in Canada that others may seek to emulate.

Since the United States, the European Union, Japan, Canada, and a handful of other countries announced their participation in the Anti-Counterfeiting Trade Agreement negotiations in October 2007, the ACTA has been dogged by controversy. The negotiating process has operated largely below the public radar since its inception, yet each round of talks brings closer an agreement that could have a dramatic effect on laws worldwide.

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most commonly encountered arrhythmia. Atrial fibrillation has significant implications in terms of morbidity and effects on quality of life, especially due to the risk of embolic phenomena and in particular embolic stroke that may have significant prognostic implications. The prevalence of AF increases with age and in patients with cardiac disease. Atrial fibrillation ablation is becoming a viable option and the number of procedures is on the rise in suitable patients. In this review we describe the rationale behind this procedure in terms of underlying mechanisms of AF, various techniques and risks vs. benefits in different patient groups. Whether atrial fibrillation ablation, should be used as first line therapy is still controversial. In addition, it should be remembered that even after a presumably successful ablation, it is not an indication to stop anticoagulation therapy. Anticoagulation should be maintained if appropriate guideline indications exist. e

Background: Renal dysfunction is associated with increased mortality in heart failure (HF) patients. However, there are limited data regarding clinical and arrhythmic outcomes associated with implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) therapy in this population. Methods: We evaluated outcomes associated with the severity of renal dysfunction with or without dialysis among 2,289 patients who were enrolled and prospectively followed up in the Israeli ICD Registry. The primary endpoint of the study was all-cause mortality. Secondary endpoints included cardiac mortality, HF hospitalization, non-cardiac hospitalization, and appropriate and inappropriate ICD therapy. Results: Severe renal dysfunction patients (estimated glomerular filtration rate 2; n = 144 patients; 6%) were older, with higher comorbidities prevalence, and more likely to suffer from advanced HF. Among severe renal dysfunction patients, those on dialysis had a lower prevalence of wide QRS and complete left bundle branch morphology, resulting in lower cardiac resynchronization therapy defibrillator (CRTD) implantation rates. Dialysis was associated with an overall increased risk for all-cause mortality (hazard ratio (HR) 3.22; 95% CI 1.69-6.13; p < 0.01) and for noncardiac hospitalizations (HR 2.80; p < 0.001) compared to all other study patients. However, within the subgroup of patients with severe renal dysfunction, the presence of dialysis was not an independent risk factor for all-cause mortality (HR 0.99; p = 0.97) as compared to non-dialysis. The rate of appropriate ICD therapy for ventricular tachyarrhythmias increased with declining renal function, with the highest rate observed among those undergoing dialysis. Conclusions: The present findings suggest that dialysis does not significantly modify the adverse outcomes associated with severe renal dysfunction following ICD/CRTD implantation.