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2. Unraveling the role of disorderness in superconducting materials on qubit coherence

Author

Gao, Ran, Wu, Feng, Sun, Hantao, Chen, Jianjun, Deng, Hao, Ma, Xizheng, Miao, Xiaohe, Song, Zhijun, Wan, Xin, Wang, Fei, Xia, Tian, Ying, Make, Zhang, Chao, Shi, Yaoyun, Zhao, Hui-Hai, and Deng, Chunqing

Subjects
Quantum Physics, Condensed Matter - Materials Science, Condensed Matter - Superconductivity
Abstract

Introducing disorderness in the superconducting materials has been considered promising to enhance the electromagnetic impedance and realize noise-resilient superconducting qubits. Despite a number of pioneering implementations, the understanding of the correlation between the material disorderness and the qubit coherence is still developing. Here, we demonstrate the first and a systematic characterization of fluxonium qubits with the superinductors made from titanium-aluminum-nitride with varied disorderness. From qubit noise spectroscopy, the flux noise and the dielectric loss are extracted as a measure of the coherence properties. Our results reveal that the $1/f$ flux noise dominates the qubit decoherence around the flux-frustration point, strongly correlated with the material disorderness; while the dielectric loss remains low under a wide range of material properties. From the flux-noise amplitudes, the areal density ($\sigma$) of the phenomenological spin defects and material disorderness are found to be approximately correlated by $\sigma \propto \rho_{xx}^3$, or effectively $(k_F l)^{-3}$. This work has provided new insights on the origin of decoherence channels within superconductors, and could serve as a useful guideline for material design and optimization.

Published
2023

7. Ultrahigh-inductance materials from spinodal decomposition

Author

Gao, Ran, Ku, Hsiang-Sheng, Deng, Hao, Yu, Wenlong, Xia, Tian, Wu, Feng, Song, Zhijun, Miao, Xiaohe, Zhang, Chao, Lin, Yue, Shi, Yaoyun, Zhao, Hui-Hai, and Deng, Chunqing

Subjects
Quantum Physics, Condensed Matter - Materials Science, Condensed Matter - Superconductivity
Abstract

Disordered superconducting nitrides with kinetic inductance have long been considered a leading material candidate for high-inductance quantum-circuit applications. Despite continuing efforts in reducing material dimensions to increase the kinetic inductance and the corresponding circuit impedance, it becomes a fundamental challenge to improve further without compromising material qualities. To this end, we propose a method to drastically increase the kinetic inductance of superconducting materials via spinodal decomposition while keeping a low microwave loss. We use epitaxial Ti\textsubscript{0.48}Al\textsubscript{0.52}N as a model system, and for the first time demonstrate the utilization of spinodal decomposition to trigger the insulator-to-superconductor transition with a drastically enhanced material disorder. The measured kinetic inductance has increased by 2-3 orders of magnitude compared with all the best reported disordered superconducting nitrides. Our work paves the way for substantially enhancing and deterministically controlling the inductance for advanced superconducting quantum circuits.

Published
2021
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8. Epitaxial titanium nitride microwave resonators: Structural, chemical, electrical, and microwave properties

Author

Gao, Ran, Yu, Wenlong, Deng, Hao, Ku, Hsiang-Sheng, Li, Zhisheng, Wang, Minghua, Miao, Xiaohe, Lin, Yue, and Deng, Chunqing

Subjects
Physics - Applied Physics, Condensed Matter - Materials Science, Quantum Physics
Abstract

Titanium nitride is an attractive material for a range of superconducting quantum-circuit applications owing to its low microwave losses, high surface inductance, and chemical stability. The physical properties and device performance, nevertheless, depend strongly on the quality of the materials. Here we focus on the highly crystalline and epitaxial titanium nitride thin films deposited on sapphire substrates using magnetron sputtering at an intermediate temperature (300$^{\circ}$C). We perform a set of systematic and comprehensive material characterization to thoroughly understand the structural, chemical, and transport properties. Microwave losses at low temperatures are studied using patterned microwave resonators, where the best internal quality factor in the single-photon regime is measured to be $3.3\times 10^6$, and $> 1.0\times 10^7$ in the high-power regime. Adjusted with the material filling factor of the resonators, the microwave loss-tangent here compares well with the previously reported best values for superconducting resonators. This work lays the foundation of using epitaxial titanium nitride for low-loss superconducting quantum circuits.

Published
2021
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16. Extremely reduced dielectric confinement in two-dimensional hybrid perovskites with large polar organics

Author

Cheng, Bin, Li, Ting-You, Maity, Partha, Wei, Pai-Chun, Nordlund, Dennis, Ho, Kang-Ting, Lien, Der-Hsien, Lin, Chun-Ho, Liang, Ru-Ze, Miao, Xiaohe, Ajia, Idris A, Yin, Jun, Sokaras, Dimosthenis, Javey, Ali, Roqan, Iman S, Mohammed, Omar F, and He, Jr-Hau

Subjects
Engineering, Mathematical Sciences, Physical Sciences, Affordable and Clean Energy, Mathematical sciences, Physical sciences
Abstract

Two dimensional inorganic–organic hybrid perovskites (2D perovskites) suffer from not only quantum confinement, but also dielectric confinement, hindering their application perspective in devices involving the conversion of an optical input into current. In this report, we theoretically predict that an extremely low exciton binding energy can be achieved in 2D perovskites by using high dielectric-constant organic components. We demonstrate that in (HOCH2CH2NH3)2PbI4, whose organic material has a high dielectric constant of 37, the dielectric confinement is largely reduced, and the exciton binding energy is 20-times smaller than that in conventional 2D perovskites. As a result, the photo-induced excitons can be thermally dissociated efficiently at room temperature, as clearly indicated from femtosecond transient absorption measurements. In addition, the mobility is largely improved due to the strong screening effect on charge impurities. Such low dielectric-confined 2D perovskites show excellent carrier extraction efficiency, and outstanding humidity resistance compared to conventional 2D perovskites.

Published
2018

18. Unravelling surface and interfacial structures of a metal-organic framework by transmission electron microscopy.

Author

Zhu, Yihan, Ciston, Jim, Zheng, Bin, Miao, Xiaohe, Czarnik, Cory, Pan, Yichang, Sougrat, Rachid, Lai, Zhiping, Hsiung, Chia-En, Yao, Kexin, Pinnau, Ingo, Pan, Ming, and Han, Yu

Subjects
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Abstract

Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are crystalline porous materials with designable topology, porosity and functionality, having promising applications in gas storage and separation, ion conduction and catalysis. It is challenging to observe MOFs with transmission electron microscopy (TEM) due to the extreme instability of MOFs upon electron beam irradiation. Here, we use a direct-detection electron-counting camera to acquire TEM images of the MOF ZIF-8 with an ultralow dose of 4.1 electrons per square ångström to retain the structural integrity. The obtained image involves structural information transferred up to 2.1 Å, allowing the resolution of individual atomic columns of Zn and organic linkers in the framework. Furthermore, TEM reveals important local structural features of ZIF-8 crystals that cannot be identified by diffraction techniques, including armchair-type surface terminations and coherent interfaces between assembled crystals. These observations allow us to understand how ZIF-8 crystals self-assemble and the subsequent influence of interfacial cavities on mass transport of guest molecules.

Published
2017

20. Remarkable Thermochromism in the Double Perovskite Cs2NaFeCl6

Author

Ji, Fuxiang, Klarbring, Johan, Zhang, Bin, Wang, Feng, Wang, Linqin, Miao, Xiaohe, Ning, Weihua, Zhang, Muyi, Cai, Xinyi, Bakhit, Babak, Magnuson, Martin, Ren, Xiaoming, Sun, Licheng, Fahlman, Mats, Buyanova, Irina A., Chen, Weimin M., Simak, Sergei I., Abrikosov, Igor A., Gao, Feng, Ji, Fuxiang, Klarbring, Johan, Zhang, Bin, Wang, Feng, Wang, Linqin, Miao, Xiaohe, Ning, Weihua, Zhang, Muyi, Cai, Xinyi, Bakhit, Babak, Magnuson, Martin, Ren, Xiaoming, Sun, Licheng, Fahlman, Mats, Buyanova, Irina A., Chen, Weimin M., Simak, Sergei I., Abrikosov, Igor A., and Gao, Feng

Abstract

Lead-free halide double perovskites (HDPs) have emerged as a new generation of thermochromic materials. However, further materials development and mechanistic understanding are required. Here, a highly stable HDP Cs2NaFeCl6 single crystal is synthesized, and its remarkable and fully reversible thermochromism with a wide color variation from light-yellow to black over a temperature range of 10 to 423 K is investigated. First-principles, density functional theory (DFT)-based calculations indicate that the thermochromism in Cs2NaFeCl6 is an effect of electron-phonon coupling. The temperature sensitivity of the bandgap in Cs2NaFeCl6 is up to 2.52 meVK(-1) based on the Varshni equation, which is significantly higher than that of lead halide perovskites and many conventional group-IV, III-V semiconductors. Meanwhile, this material shows excellent environmental, thermal, and thermochromic cycle stability. This work provides valuable insights into HDPs' thermochromism and sheds new light on developing efficient thermochromic materials.

Published
2024
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21. Building Chemical Interface Layers in Functionalized Graphene Oxide/Rubber Composites to Achieve Enhanced Mechanical Properties and Thermal Control Capability of Tires.

Author

Jia, Haixiang, Miao, Xiaohe, and Zhang, Zhiyi

Subjects
*GRAPHENE oxide, *ABRASION resistance, *ENERGY development, *TEMPERATURE distribution, *TIRES, *RUBBER
Abstract

With the rapid development of the transport industry, there is a higher demand for environmental friendliness, durability, and stability of tires. Rubber composites with excellent mechanical properties, abrasion resistance, and low heat generation are very important for the preparation of green tires. In this study, the all-aqueous phase process was initially employed to prepare 2-Amino-5-mercapto-1,3,4-thiadiazole (AZT) functionalized graphene oxide (AGO). Subsequently, modified graphene oxide/silica/natural rubber (AGO/SiO2/NR) composites were obtained through latex blending and hot press vulcanization processes. This method was environmentally friendly and exhibited high modification efficiency. Benefiting from the good dispersion of AGO in the latex and the cross-linking reaction between AGO and NR, AGO/SiO2/NR composites with good dispersion and enhanced interfacial interaction were finally obtained. AGO/SiO2/NR composites showed significantly improved overall performance. Compared to GO/SiO2/NR composites, the tensile strength (28.1 MPa) and tear strength (75.3 N/mm) of the AGO/SiO2/NR composites were significantly increased, while the heat build-up value (10.4 °C) and DIN abrasion volume (74.9 mm3) were significantly reduced. In addition, the steady-state temperature field distribution inside the tire was visualized by ANSYS finite element simulation. The maximum temperature of the prepared AGO/SiO2/NR was reduced by 18.2% compared to that of the GO/SiO2/NR tires. This strategy is expected to provide a new approach for the development of low energy consumption, environmentally friendly, and long-life rubber for tires. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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22. Remarkable Thermochromism in the Double Perovskite Cs2NaFeCl6.

Author

Ji, Fuxiang, Klarbring, Johan, Zhang, Bin, Wang, Feng, Wang, Linqin, Miao, Xiaohe, Ning, Weihua, Zhang, Muyi, Cai, Xinyi, Bakhit, Babak, Magnuson, Martin, Ren, Xiaoming, Sun, Licheng, Fahlman, Mats, Buyanova, Irina A., Chen, Weimin M., Simak, Sergei I., Abrikosov, Igor A., and Gao, Feng

Subjects
THERMOCHROMISM, DENSITY functional theory, PEROVSKITE, LEAD halides, SINGLE crystals
Abstract

Lead‐free halide double perovskites (HDPs) have emerged as a new generation of thermochromic materials. However, further materials development and mechanistic understanding are required. Here, a highly stable HDP Cs2NaFeCl6 single crystal is synthesized, and its remarkable and fully reversible thermochromism with a wide color variation from light‐yellow to black over a temperature range of 10 to 423 K is investigated. First‐principles, density functional theory (DFT)‐based calculations indicate that the thermochromism in Cs2NaFeCl6 is an effect of electron–phonon coupling. The temperature sensitivity of the bandgap in Cs2NaFeCl6 is up to 2.52 meVK−1 based on the Varshni equation, which is significantly higher than that of lead halide perovskites and many conventional group‐IV, III–V semiconductors. Meanwhile, this material shows excellent environmental, thermal, and thermochromic cycle stability. This work provides valuable insights into HDPs' thermochromism and sheds new light on developing efficient thermochromic materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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24. Lattice‐Gradient Perovskite KTaO3 Films for an Ultrastable and Low‐Dose X‐Ray Detector

Author

Li, Liqi, primary, Fang, Xuchao, additional, Zhang, Zijun, additional, Yang, Qian, additional, Wang, Fei, additional, Li, Menglu, additional, Zhu, Ruixue, additional, Wang, Lixiang, additional, Zhu, Yihan, additional, Miao, Xiaohe, additional, Lu, Yangfan, additional, Shi, Junhui, additional, Wu, Yongjun, additional, Liu, Gang, additional, Fang, Yanjun, additional, Tian, He, additional, Ren, Zhaohui, additional, Yang, Deren, additional, and Han, Gaorong, additional

Published
2023
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26. Remarkable Thermochromism in the Double Perovskite Cs2NaFeCl6

Author

Ji, Fuxiang, primary, Klarbring, Johan, additional, Zhang, Bin, additional, Wang, Feng, additional, Wang, Linqin, additional, Miao, Xiaohe, additional, Ning, Weihua, additional, Zhang, Muyi, additional, Cai, Xinyi, additional, Bakhit, Babak, additional, Magnuson, Martin, additional, Ren, Xiaoming, additional, Sun, Licheng, additional, Fahlman, Mats, additional, Buyanova, Irina A., additional, Chen, Weimin M., additional, Simak, Sergei I., additional, Abrikosov, Igor A., additional, and Gao, Feng, additional

Published
2023
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31. Full-scale field-free spin-orbit switching of the CoPt layer grown on vicinal substrates

Author

Che, Renchao, primary, Luo, Yongming, additional, Liang, Mengfan, additional, Feng, Zhongshu, additional, Chen, Haoran, additional, Jiang, Nan, additional, Chen, Jianhui, additional, Yuan, Mingyue, additional, Zhang, Jincang, additional, Cheng, Yifeng, additional, Sun, Lu, additional, Bai, Ru, additional, Miao, Xiaohe, additional, Wang, Ningning, additional, and Wu, Yizheng, additional

Published
2023
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32. Remarkable Thermochromism in the Double Perovskite Cs2NaFeCl6

Author

Ji, Fuxiang, Klarbring, Johan, Zhang, Bin, Wang, Feng, Wang, Linqin, Miao, Xiaohe, Ning, Weihua, Zhang, Muyi, Cai, Xinyi, Bakhit, Babak, Magnuson, Martin, Ren, Xiaoming, Sun, Licheng, Fahlman, Mats, Buyanova, Irina A, Chen, Weimin, Simak, Sergei I, Abrikosov, Igor A., Gao, Feng, Ji, Fuxiang, Klarbring, Johan, Zhang, Bin, Wang, Feng, Wang, Linqin, Miao, Xiaohe, Ning, Weihua, Zhang, Muyi, Cai, Xinyi, Bakhit, Babak, Magnuson, Martin, Ren, Xiaoming, Sun, Licheng, Fahlman, Mats, Buyanova, Irina A, Chen, Weimin, Simak, Sergei I, Abrikosov, Igor A., and Gao, Feng

Abstract

Lead-free halide double perovskites (HDPs) have emerged as a new generation of thermochromic materials. However, further materials development and mechanistic understanding are required. Here, a highly stable HDP Cs2NaFeCl6 single crystal is synthesized, and its remarkable and fully reversible thermochromism with a wide color variation from light-yellow to black over a temperature range of 10 to 423 K is investigated. First-principles, density functional theory (DFT)-based calculations indicate that the thermochromism in Cs2NaFeCl6 is an effect of electron–phonon coupling. The temperature sensitivity of the bandgap in Cs2NaFeCl6 is up to 2.52 meVK−1 based on the Varshni equation, which is significantly higher than that of lead halide perovskites and many conventional group-IV, III–V semiconductors. Meanwhile, this material shows excellent environmental, thermal, and thermochromic cycle stability. This work provides valuable insights into HDPs' thermochromism and sheds new light on developing efficient thermochromic materials., Funding agencies: This work was financially supported by the Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation (Dnr. KAW 2019.0082), the Swedish Energy Agency (2018-004357), Carl Tryggers Stiftelse, Olle Engkvist Byggmästare Stiftelse, and the Swedish Government Strategic Research Area in Materials Science on Functional Materials at Linköping University (Faculty Grant SFO-Mat-LiU No. 2009-00971). I.A.A. is a Wallenberg Scholar. B.B. gratefully acknowledges financial support from the Swedish Research Council (VR) grant no. 2021-00357. F.J. was supported by the China Scholarship Council (CSC). W.N. acknowledges the Suzhou Key Laboratory of Functional Nano & Soft Materials, the Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science & Technology (NANO−CIC), and the 111 Project for the financial support. S.I.S. acknowledges the support from the Swedish Research Council (VR) (Project No. 2019–05551) and the ERC (synergy grant FASTCORR project 854843). The computations were enabled by resources provided by the National Academic Infrastructure for Supercomputing in Sweden (NAISS), the Swedish National Infrastructure for Computing (SNIC) at the National Supercomputer Center (NSC), and the Center for High Performance Computing (PDC), partially funded by the Swedish Research Council through Grant Agreements No. 2022–06725 and No. 2018–05973. F.W. gratefully acknowledges financial support from the Open Project Funding of Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University (KJS2152), and the Formas (2020-03001). M.M. acknowledges financial support from Swedish Energy Research (Grant no. 43606-1) and the Carl Tryggers Foundation (CTS20:272, CTS16:303, CTS14:310).

Published
2023
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33. Photoactivated Second Harmonic Generation in Centrosymmetric Double Perovskites

Author

Zhang, Bin, Huang, Yuqing, Ji, Fuxiang, Miao, Xiaohe, Gao, Feng, Chen, Weimin, Buyanova, Irina, Zhang, Bin, Huang, Yuqing, Ji, Fuxiang, Miao, Xiaohe, Gao, Feng, Chen, Weimin, and Buyanova, Irina

Abstract

We report the firstobservation of second harmonic generation (SHG)from halide double perovskites single crystals, a promising classof materials for low-cost and versatile optoelectronic applications,owing to their enormous structural flexibility and environmental friendliness.We show that the SHG efficiency of these materials with centrosymmetriccrystalline structures critically depends on the measurement temperature.At high temperatures, it is determined by a surface contribution butincreases by up to 3 orders of magnitude at low temperatures (T < 137 K for Cs2NaFeCl6 and T < 250 K for Cs2AgBiBr6) underlight illumination within several minutes. We attribute this enhancementto the build-up of a light-induced electric field within the near-surfaceregion, which generates an additional contribution to the SHG process.This DC electric field is found to be predominantly oriented orthogonallyto the sample surface, as deduced from the six-fold rotational symmetryof the SHG azimuthal pattern. The electric field formation is explainedby photoinduced charge transfer from deep surface-related states totraps in the bulk region or vice versa, mainly driven by diffusion.Furthermore, the inscribed electric field can be maintained for hoursat low temperatures and can only be erased by raising the temperaturedue to carrier detrapping. Our findings, therefore, highlight theimportance of the surface states in double perovskites, which couldbe utilized for enhancing the nonlinear properties of these centrosymmetricmaterials.

Published
2023
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42. Synthesis and Visualization of Entangled 3D Covalent Organic Frameworks with High‐Valency Stereoscopic Molecular Nodes for Gas Separation

Author

Gong, Chengtao, primary, Wang, Hao, additional, Sheng, Guan, additional, Wang, Xiaokang, additional, Xu, Xiaoqiu, additional, Wang, Jian, additional, Miao, Xiaohe, additional, Liu, Yikuan, additional, Zhang, Yinling, additional, Dai, Fangna, additional, Chen, Liangjun, additional, Li, Nanjun, additional, Xu, Guodong, additional, Jia, Jianhong, additional, Zhu, Yihan, additional, and Peng, Yongwu, additional

Published
2022
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44. Unusual Activity of Rationally Designed Cobalt Phosphide/Oxide Heterostructure Composite for Hydrogen Production in Alkaline Medium

Author

Alsabban, Merfat M., primary, Eswaran, Mathan Kumar, additional, Peramaiah, Karthik, additional, Wahyudi, Wandi, additional, Yang, Xiulin, additional, Ramalingam, Vinoth, additional, Hedhili, Mohamed. N., additional, Miao, Xiaohe, additional, Schwingenschlögl, Udo, additional, Li, Lain-Jong, additional, Tung, Vincent, additional, and Huang, Kuo-Wei, additional

Published
2022
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48. Enabling Superior Sodium Capture for Efficient Water Desalination by a Tubular Polyaniline Decorated with Prussian Blue Nanocrystals

Author

Shi, Wenhui, primary, Liu, Xiaoyue, additional, Deng, Tianqi, additional, Huang, Shaozhuan, additional, Ding, Meng, additional, Miao, Xiaohe, additional, Zhu, Chongzhi, additional, Zhu, Yihan, additional, Liu, Wenxian, additional, Wu, Fangfang, additional, Gao, Congjie, additional, Yang, Shuo‐Wang, additional, Yang, Hui Ying, additional, Shen, Jiangnan, additional, and Cao, Xiehong, additional

Published
2020
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