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1. Bomarea pastazensis (Alstroemeriaceae), an exceptionally small new species from the eastern Andean slopes of Ecuador

Author

John L. Clark, Alisson Fierro-Minda, Nolan Exe, Mia Johnson, Carrie M. Tribble, and Lou Jost

Subjects
Botany, QK1-989
Abstract

Recent field research on the eastern slopes of the Andes resulted in the discovery of a new species of Bomarea from the Cerro Candelaria Reserve in the Tungurahua province of Ecuador. Bomarea pastazensis is the second smallest species in the genus and differs from the smallest by the presence of glutinous trichomes on the ovary, glabrous sepals, and greenish-yellow petals with purple spots. Based on IUCN guidelines, a preliminary conservation status is assigned as Vulnerable (VU).

Published
2023
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4. Did a Complex Carbon Cycle Operate in the Inner Solar System?

Author

Joseph A Nuth, Frank T Ferguson, Hugh G. M. Hill, and Natasha Mia Johnson

Subjects
Exobiology
Abstract

Solids in the interstellar medium consist of an intimate mixture of silicate and carbonaceous grains. Because 99% of silicates in meteorites were reprocessed at high temperatures in the inner regions of the Solar Nebula, we propose that similar levels of heating of carbonaceous materials in the oxygen-rich Solar Nebula would have converted nearly all carbon in dust and grain coatings to CO. We discuss catalytic experiments on a variety of grain surfaces that not only produce gas phase species such as CH4, C2H6, C6H6, C6H5OH, or CH3CN, but also produce carbonaceous solids and fibers that would be much more readily incorporated into growing planetesimals. CH4 and other more volatile products of these surface-mediated reactions were likely transported outwards along with chondrule fragments and small Calcium Aluminum-rich Inclusions (CAIs) to enhance the organic content in the outer regions of the nebula where comets formed. Carbonaceous fibers formed on the surfaces of refractory oxides may have significantly improved the aggregation efficiency of chondrules and CAIs. Carbonaceous fibers incorporated into chondritic parent bodies might have served as the carbon source for the generation of more complex organic species during thermal or hydrous metamorphic processes on the evolving asteroid.

Published
2020
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6. Predicting the future of mental health: (how) will in utero COVID-19 infection influence psychiatric illness in future generations?

Author

Mia Johnson and Jacqueline Hobbs

Subjects
General Medicine
Abstract

Objectives: There is limited research on the potential future psychiatric effects of in utero COVID-19 infection. There is evidence that COVID-19 infection can lead to obstetric complications and adverse neonatal outcomes. Obstetric complications and neurodevelopmental insults such as viral infections have been implicated in the development of some mental disorders including schizophrenia (SZ). The aim was to address the possible mechanisms and influences related to in utero infection that could increase the risk of mental illness in the future. Methods: Searches were conducted in the databases PubMed, Embase, and PsycINFO for studies involving COVID-19 infection and pregnancy, obstetric complications, and psychiatric complications. Additionally, any external information outside of these search terms was sourced from these databases. Results: Several studies found evidence of significantly higher incidences of preterm delivery and cesarean section associated with maternal COVID-19 infection. Other noted adverse birth outcomes included fetal distress, stillbirth, low birth weight, neonatal asphyxia, and pre-eclampsia. These birth outcomes tend to occur in the third trimester, a crucial period for neurodevelopment. Additionally, there have been occurrences of vertical transmission of COVID-19. Conclusion: It is plausible that in utero COVID-19 infection could increase the risk of mental illness development in the offspring. The observed implications of COVID-19 along with known neurodevelopmental complications of in utero infection provide multiple processes that could impact the mental health of the offspring in the future. This increased risk could arise from neonatal outcomes associated with COVID-19 infection, the consequences of maternal infection on the fetus, or direct viral infection of the fetus and fetal brain. Due to its novel nature, more evidence is needed to determine the exact prevalence of adverse obstetric outcomes, vertical transmission, effects on neurodevelopment, and development of mental illness due to SARS-CoV-19.

Published
2022
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7. Weight Change During the Postintervention Follow-up of Look AHEAD

Author

Rena R. Wing, Rebecca H. Neiberg, Judy L. Bahnson, Jeanne M. Clark, Mark A. Espeland, James O. Hill, Karen C. Johnson, William C. Knowler, KayLoni Olson, Helmut Steinburg, Xavier Pi-Sunyer, Thomas A. Wadden, Holly Wyatt, Lee Swartz, Dawn Jiggetts, Jeanne Charleston, Lawrence Cheskin, Nisa M. Maruthur, Scott J. Pilla, Danielle Diggins, Mia Johnson, George A. Bray, Frank L. Greenway, Donna H. Ryan, Catherine Champagne, Valerie Myers, Jeffrey Keller, Tiffany Stewart, Jennifer Arceneaux, Karen Boley, Greta Fry, Lisa Jones, Kim Landry, Melissa Lingle, Marisa Smith, Cora E. Lewis, Sheikilya Thomas, Stephen Glasser, Gareth Dutton, Amy Dobelstein, Sara Hannum, Anne Hubbell, DeLavallade Lee, Phyllis Millhouse, L. Christie Oden, Cathy Roche, Jackie Grant, Janet Turman, David M. Nathan, Valerie Goldman, Linda Delahanty, Mary Larkin, Kristen Dalton, Roshni Singh, Melanie Ruazol, Medha N. Munshi, Sharon D. Jackson, Roeland J.W. Middelbeek, A. Enrique Caballero, Anthony Rodriguez, George Blackburn, Christos Mantzoros, Ann McNamara, Jeanne Anne Breen, Marsha Miller, Debbie Bochert, Suzette Bossart, Paulette Cohrs, Susan Green, April Hamilton, Eugene Leshchinskiy, Loretta Rome, John P. Foreyt, Molly Gee, Henry Pownall, Ashok Balasubramanyam, Chu-Huang Chen, Peter Jones, Michele Burrington, Allyson Clark Gardner, Sharon Griggs, Michelle Hamilton, Veronica Holley, Sarah Lee, Sarah Lane Liscum, Susan Cantu-Lumbreras, Julieta Palencia, Jennifer Schmidt, Jayne Thomas, Carolyn White, Charlyne Wright, Monica Alvarez, Beate Griffin, Mace Coday, Donna Valenski, Karen Johnson, Robert W. Jeffery, Tricia Skarphol, John P. Bantle, J. Bruce Redmon, Kerrin Brelje, Carolyne Campbell, Mary Ann Forseth, Soni Uccellini, Mary Susan Voeller, Blandine Laferrère, Jennifer Patricio, Jose Luchsinger, Priya Palta, Sarah Lyon, Kim Kelly, Barbara J. Maschak-Carey, Robert I. Berkowitz, Ariana Chao, Renee Davenport, Katherine Gruber, Sharon Leonard, Olivia Walsh, John M. Jakicic, Jacqueline Wesche-Thobaben, Lin Ewing, Andrea Hergenroeder, Mary Korytkowski, Susan Copelli, Rebecca Danchenko, Diane Ives, Juliet Mancino, Lisa Martich, Meghan McGuire, Tracey Y. Murray, Linda Semler, Kathy Williams, Caitlin Egan, Elissa Jelalian, Jeanne McCaffery, Kathryn Demos McDermott, Jessica Unick, Kirsten Annis, Jose DaCruz, Ariana Rafanelli, Helen P. Hazuda, Juan Carlos Isaac, Prepedigna Hernandez, Steven E. Kahn, Edward J. Boyko, Elaine Tsai, Lorena Wright, Karen Atkinson, Ivy Morgan-Taggart, Jolanta Socha, Heidi Urquhart, Paula Bolin, Harelda Anderson, Sara Michaels, Ruby Johnson, Patricia Poorthunder, Janelia Smiley, Anne L. Peters, Siran Ghazarian, Elizabeth Beale, Edgar Ramirez, Gabriela Rodriguez, Valerie Ruelas, Sara Serafin-Dokhan, Martha Walker, Marina Perez, Lynne E. Wagenknecht, David Reboussin, Mike E. Miller, Peter Brubaker, Nicholas Pajewski, Michael Bancks, Jingzhong Ding, Gagan Deep, Kathleen Hayden, Stephen R. Rapp, Felicia Simpson, Haiying Chen, Bonnie C. Sachs, Denise Houston, Shyh-Huei Chen, Andrea Anderson, Jerry M. Barnes, Mary Barr, Tara D. Beckner, Delilah R. Cook, Carrie C. Williams, Joni Evans, Katie Garcia, Sarah A. Gaussoin, Carol Kittel, Lea Harvin, Marjorie Howard, James Lovato, June Pierce, Debbie Steinberg, Christopher Webb, Jennifer Walker, Michael P. Walkup, Carolyn Watkins, Santica M. Marcovina, Jessica Hurting, John J. Albers, Vinod Gaur, Michael Nevitt, Ann Schwartz, John Shepherd, Michaela Rahorst, Lisa Palermo, Susan Ewing, Cynthia Hayashi, and Jason Maeda

Subjects
Advanced and Specialized Nursing, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Internal Medicine, Clinical Care/Education/Nutrition/Psychosocial Research
Abstract

OBJECTIVE Patients with type 2 diabetes are encouraged to lose weight, but excessive weight loss in older adults may be a marker of poor health and subsequent mortality. We examined weight change during the postintervention period of Look AHEAD, a randomized trial comparing intensive lifestyle intervention (ILI) with diabetes support and education (DSE) (control) in overweight/obese individuals with type 2 diabetes and sought to identify predictors of excessive postintervention weight loss and its association with mortality. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS These secondary analyses compared postintervention weight change (year 8 to final visit; median 16 years) in ILI and DSE in 3,999 Look AHEAD participants. Using empirically derived trajectory categories, we compared four subgroups: weight gainers (n = 307), weight stable (n = 1,561), steady losers (n = 1,731), and steep losers (n = 380), on postintervention mortality, demographic variables, and health status at randomization and year 8. RESULTS Postintervention weight change averaged −3.7 ± 9.5%, with greater weight loss in the DSE than the ILI group. The steep weight loss trajectory subgroup lost on average 17.7 ± 6.6%; 30% of steep losers died during postintervention follow-up versus 10–18% in other trajectories (P < 0001). The following variables distinguished steep losers from weight stable: baseline, older, longer diabetes duration, higher BMI, and greater multimorbidity; intervention, randomization to control group and less weight loss in years 1–8; and year 8, higher prevalence of frailty, multimorbidity, and depressive symptoms and lower use of weight control strategies. CONCLUSIONS Steep weight loss postintervention was associated with increased risk of mortality. Older individuals with longer duration of diabetes and multimorbidity should be monitored for excessive unintentional weight loss.

Published
2021

8. Recruitment of trial participants through electronic medical record patient portal messaging: A pilot study

Author

Timothy B Plante, Kelly T Gleason, Hailey N Miller, Jeanne Charleston, Kristen McArthur, Cheryl Dennison Himmelfarb, Mariana Lazo, Daniel E Ford, Edgar R Miller, Lawrence J Appel, Stephen P Juraschek, Nicole Cronin, Scott McClure, Jennifer Miskimon, Christine M. Mitchell, Rita R. Kalyani, David L. Roth, Jennifer A. Schrack, Sarah L. Szanton, Jacek Urbanek, Jeremy Walston, Amal Wanigatunga, Sheriza N. Baksh, Amanda L. Blackford, Shumon Chattopadhyay, Lea T. Drye, John Dodge, Cathleen Ewing, Sana Haider, Stephanie C. Holland, Rosetta Jackson, Andrea Lears, Curtis Meinert, David Shade, Michael Smith, Alice L. Sternberg, James Tonascia, Mark L. Van Natta, Annette Wagoner, George W. Comstock, Erin D. Michos, J. Denise Bennett, Pamela Bowers, Josef Coresh, Patricia Crowley, Tammy Crunkleton, Briana Dick, Rebecca Evans, Mary Godwin, Lynne Hammann, Deborah Hawks, Karen Horning, Erika Hull, Brandi Mills, Melissa Minotti, Leann Raley, Amanda Reed, Rhonda Reeder, Cassie Reid, Melissa Shuda, Adria Spikes, Rhonda Stouffer, Kelly Weicht, Caroline Abbas, Bernellyn Carey, Syree Davis, Naomi DeRoche-Brown, Debra Gayles, Sherlina Holland, Ina Glenn-Smith, Duane Johnson, Mia Johnson, Eva Keyes, Danielle Santiago, Chanchai Sapun, Valerie Sneed, Lee Swartz, Letitia Thomas, Robert H. Christenson, Show-Hong Duh, Heather Rebuck, Clifford Rosen, Tom Cook, Pamela Duncan, Karen Hansen, Anne Kenny, Sue Shapses, Judy Hannah, Sergei Romashkan, Cindy D. Davis, Christopher T. Sempos, Jack M. Guralnik, and J.C. Gallagher

Subjects
Male, medicine.medical_specialty, 020205 medical informatics, Pilot Projects, 02 engineering and technology, Article, law.invention, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Patient Portals, Randomized controlled trial, law, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Electronic Health Records, Humans, Medicine, 030212 general & internal medicine, Vitamin D, Recruitment methods, Aged, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Aged, 80 and over, Pharmacology, Text Messaging, Electronic Mail, business.industry, Patient Selection, Electronic medical record, Patient portal, Vitamins, General Medicine, Clinical trial, Research Design, Physical therapy, Accidental Falls, Female, business
Abstract

Background/aim:Cost-efficient methods are essential for successful participant recruitment in clinical trials. Patient portal messages are an emerging means of recruiting potentially eligible patients into trials. We assessed the response rate and complaint rate from direct-to-patient, targeted recruitment through patient portals of an electronic medical record for a clinical trial, and compared response rates by differences in message content.Methods:The Study to Understand Fall Reduction and Vitamin D in You (STURDY) trial is a National Institutes of Health–sponsored, community-based study of vitamin D supplementation for fall prevention in older adults conducted at Johns Hopkins. Potential participants were identified using the Epic electronic medical record at the Johns Hopkins Health System based on age (≥70 years), ZIP code (30-mile radius of study site), and prior activation of a patient portal account. We prepared a shorter message and a longer message. Both had basic information about study participation, but the longer message also contained information about the significance of the study and a personal invitation from the STURDY principal investigator. The Hopkins Institutional Review Board did not require prior consent from the patient or their providers. We calculated the response rate and tracked the number of complaints and requests for removal from future messages. We also determined response rate according to message content.Results:Of the 5.5 million individuals receiving care at the Johns Hopkins Health System, a sample of 6896 met our inclusion criteria and were sent one patient portal recruitment message between 6 April 2017 and 3 August 2017. Assessment of enrollment by this method ended on 1 December 2017. There were 116 patients who expressed interest in the study (response rate: 1.7%). Twelve (0.2%) recipients were randomized. There were two complaints (0.03%) and one request to unsubscribe from future recruitment messages (0.01%). Response rate was higher with the longer message than the shorter message (2.1% vs 1.2%; p = 0.005).Conclusion:Patient portal messages inviting seniors to participate in a randomized controlled trial resulted in a response rate similar to commercial email marketing and resulted in very few complaints or opt-out requests. Furthermore, a longer message with more content enhanced response rate. Recruitment through patient portals might be an effective strategy to enroll trial participants.

Published
2019
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9. Temporal scaling of dopamine neuron firing and dopamine release by distinct ion channels shape behavior

Author

Barbara Juarez, Mi-Seon Kong, Yong S. Jo, Jordan E. Elum, Joshua X. Yee, Scott Ng-Evans, Marcella Cline, Avery C. Hunker, Meagan A. Quinlan, Madison A. Baird, Abigail J. Elerding, Mia Johnson, Derek Ban, Adriana Mendez, Nastacia L. Goodwin, Marta E. Soden, and Larry S. Zweifel

Subjects
Bursting, Dopamine, Chemistry, Mean squared prediction error, medicine, Waveform, Extinction (psychology), Neuroscience, Ion channel, medicine.drug
Abstract

Despite the widely known role of dopamine in reinforcement learning, how the patterns of dopamine release that are critical to the acquisition, performance, and extinction of conditioned responses are generated is poorly resolved. Here, we demonstrate that the coordinated actions of two ion channels, Kv4.3 and BKCa1.1, control the pattern of dopamine neuron firing and dopamine release on different time scales to regulate separate phases of reinforced behavior and extinction in mice. Inactivation of Kv4.3 in VTA dopamine neurons increasesex vivopacemaker activity and excitability that is associated with decreased rates of bursting and increasedin vivoramping dynamics prior to lever press in a learned instrumental response paradigm. Loss of Kv4.3 enhances performance of the learned response and facilitates extinction. In contrast, loss of BKCa1.1 increases duration of burst firing and phasic dopamine release that enhances learning of an instrumental response. Inactivation of BKCa1.1 also enhances extinction burst lever pressing in early extinction training that is associated with a greater change in activity between reinforced and unreinforced actions. These data demonstrate that disruption of intrinsic regulators of neuronal activity differentially impacts dopamine dynamics observed during reinforcement learning and extinction behaviors.TeaserIon channels in midbrain dopamine neurons are critical for patterning action potential firing, dopamine release, and learning.

Published
2021
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10. Implications of Look AHEAD for clinical trials and clinical practice

Author

Pamela Coward, Ping Zhang, Lea N. Harvin, Andrea Anderson, Limprevil Divers Dominique, Louise Hesson, Ruby Johnson, Lisa Keasler, Judith G. Regensteiner, Karen Wall, Vincent Pera, John A. Shepherd, Robert H. Knopp, Donna LaJames, Carolyn Gresham, Robert Moran, Jean Arceci, Joan R. Ritchea, Carlos C. Isaac, Michelle Hamilton, Joyce Lambert, Jeanne M. Clark, Tammy DeBruce, Sheikilya Thomas, Janet Crane, Valerie Goldman, Delia Smith West, Mace Coday, David Lefkowitz, Tricia Skarphol, Julie Currin, Elsayed Z. Soliman, Mary Barr, Dawn Jiggetts, Julia Rushing, Patricia H. Harper, Ann D. Tucker, Raymond Carvajal, Rebecca Danchenko, David M. Reboussin, Amy Brewer, Valerie Ruelas, Daniel Edmundowicz, Marsha Miller, Rena R. Wing, Melanie A. Jaeb, Monica Mullen, Amy Bach, Paula Bolin, Serafin Dokhan Sara, Debra Force, Diane F. Hollowbreast, Carol Percy, Deborah Maier, Quintero Varela Brenda, Susan Green, Kathy Michalski, David Bolen, Jeffrey M. Curtis, Abbas E. Kitabchi, Kati Konersman, Mayer Davis Elizabeth, Kerrin Brelje, Anthony N. Fabricatore, Anne Hubbell, Goebel Fabbri Ann, Jayne Thomas, Linda Foss, Richard S. Crow, Charles F. Coleman, Crystal Duncan, Cralen Davis, Martha Walker, Kirstie Craul, Carolyn White, Maria G. Montez, Theresa Michel, Douglas A. Raynor, David O. Garcia, Huang Chu-Chen, Thomas A. Wadden, Kristi Rau, Tamika Earl, Monica Lockett, Bernadita Fallis, Pi Sunyer Xavier, Cathy Roche, Shiriki K. Kumanyika, Allison Strate, Robert I. Berkowitz, Sara Michaels, B. Van Dorsten, S. Cooper, Elaine Tsai, Patrick S. Reynolds, Michael S. Lawlor, Jerry M. Barnes, Wei Lang, Tara D. Beckner, Lisa Hoelscher, Janet Turman, Juliet Mancino, Gabriela Rodriguez, Lynn Allen, Gabriela Rios, Amy D. Rickman, Cathy Manus, Julie Hu, James O. Hill, Lauren Lessard, Catherine M. Champagne, Lawrence J. Cheskin, Jeanne Charleston, Peter B. Jones, Barbara Cerniauskas, Maria Sowers, Ebenezer A Nyenwe, Jeanne Spellman, Debra Clark, Carolyne Campbell, Terri Windham, Nora Ramirez, Jennifer Patricio, Janet Wallace, Donald A. Williamson, Nayyar Iqbal, Carolyn Thorson, Elizabeth Beale, Lauren Cox, Teddy Thomas, Sarah Lee, Lin Ewing, L. Christie Oden, Steven E. Kahn, Deborah F. Tate, Jason Maeda, Renee Davenport, Linda M. Delahanty, Sarah Ledbury, Kathy Dotson, Carmen Pal, Vinod Gaur, Alain G. Bertoni, Sharon D. Jackson, Kim Landry, Lucy F. Faulconbridge, Gary D. Miller, Mark A. Espeland, Dianne Heidingsfelder, William C. Knowler, Helen Guay, Frank L. Greenway, Richard Carey, Siran Ghazarian, Heather Chenot, Osama Hamdy, Barbara Fargnoli, Morgan Taggart Ivy, Henry A. Glick, Rose Salata, Alan Wesley, Charlotte Bragg, Sarah A. Gaussoin, Hensley Susan, Vicki DiLillo, Ann McNamara, Haiying Chen, Terra Thompson, Patricia Lipschutz, Lisa Jones, Steven M. Haffner, Erin Patterson, Paul Bloomquist, Michelle Horowitz, Janelia Smiley, Andrea M. Kriska, Sarah Longenecker, Marisa Smith, Susan Copelli, Lane L. Liscum, Christina Morris, Holly R. Wyatt, Jason Griffin, Henry J. Pownall, John M. Jakicic, Frederick L. Brancati, Judy Bahnson, Loretta Rome, Jacqueline Wesche-Thobaben, Jessica Hurting, J. P. Massaro, Heather Turgeon, Jonathan Krakoff, Diane M. Greenberg, Patti Laqua, Mary E. Larkin, Yuliis Bell, Kathryn Hayward, Jennifer Arceneaux, Jackie Roche, Cora E. Lewis, Helen P. Hazuda, Susan K. Ewing, Carrie C. Williams, Kari Galuski, Anne Murillo, Sarah Bain, Miranda Smart, Amelia Hodges, Van S. Hubbard, Caitlin M. Egan, Christine Stevens, Mary T. Korytkowski, Cecilia Wang, Sharon Griggs, Kristina Spellman, Missy Lingle, Natalie Robinson, Molly Gee, Tatum Charron, Maschak Carey Barbara, Paul M. Ribisl, Helen Lambeth, Sandra Sangster, David M. Nathan, Lisa Palermo, Tammy Monk, Effoe E. Sammah, Donna Green, Kathy Lane, Richard Foushee, Valerie H. Myers, April Thomas, Yabing Li, Tina Killean, Jennifer Perault, Edward W. Gregg, Peter H. Bennett, Sara Hannum, Edward W. Lipkin, Jane Tavares, Helen Chomentowski, Enrico Cagliero, Andre Morgan, Paulette Cohrs, Dalane W. Kitzman, Susan Harrier, Kerry Ovalle, Maureen Daly, Susan Z. Yanovski, George A. Bray, Basma Fattaleh, W. Jack Rejeski, Diane G. Ives, David E. Kelley, J. Bruce Redmon, Patricia Poorthunder, Erica Ferguson, Michaela Rahorst, Katie Toledo, J. Lee Taylor, Elizabeth Smith, Birgitta I. Rice, Edward S. Horton, Zhu Ming Zhang, George L. Blackburn, Renate H. Rosenthal, Karen Quirin, Vicki A. Maddy, Jennifer Schmidt, Veronica Holley, Therese Ockenden, April Hamilton, Mary A. Hontz, Brenda Montgomery, Barbara Harrison, Carolyn Johnson, Cindy Puckett, A. Enrique Caballero, Valle Fagan Thania Del, Cynthia Hayashi, Ellen J. Anderson, Christos S. Mantzoros, Diane Hirsch, Kerry J. Stewart, Renee Bright, Santica M. Marcovina, Virginia Harlan, Mary Evans, Michael P. Walkup, Danielle Diggins, Barbara Bancroft, Lynne Lichtermann, Kathy Tyler, Anne L. Peters, Lee Swartzc, Karen C. Johnson, Mario Stylianou, Elizabeth Bovaird, Robert C. Kores, Donna H. Ryan, Susan S. Voeller, Lisa Cronkite, Lori Lambert, Clark C. Gardner, Rebecca H. Neiberg, Laurie Bissett, L B. Coelho, Don Kieffer, John P. Bantle, L. Brancati, Ann V. Schwartz, Jennifer Gauvin, Mara Z. Vitolins, Jolanta Socha, Debbie Bochert, Susanne Danus, Chula Maguire Kimberley, Gary D. Foster, Caitlin Egan, Eugene Leshchinskiy, Sara Evans, Stephen P. Glasser, Barbara Elnyczky, John J. Albers, Richard R. Rubin, Gracie Cunningham, Julieta Palencia, Beate Griffin, Kathy Hathaway, Michele Burrington, Tracey Y. Murray, Lewis H. Kuller, Lynne E. Wagenknecht, Edgar Ramirez, Ann A. Richmond, Robert W. Jeffery, Monika M. Safford, Stanley Schwartz, John P. Foreyt, Nancy J. Hall, Candace Goode, Jere T. Hamilton, Maureen Malloy, Robert Kuehnel, Mark King, Don Hire, David F. Williamson, Lavallade DeLee, R.J. Prineas, Amy A. Gorin, Anne A. Holowaty, Donna Valenski, Moana Mosby, Anna Bertorelli, Carlos Lorenzo, Susan Cantu-Lumbreras, Kara I. Gallagher, Tandaw E. Samdarshi, Dace L. Trence, Michelle Begnaud, Melanie Franks, Amy Dobelstein, Jane King, Deborah Robles, Hollie A. Raynor, Ashok Balasubramanyam, Diane Wheeler, Rob Nicholson, Suzanne Phelan, Cara Walcheck, Michael C. Nevitt, Julie A. Nelson, Maria Meacham, Rebecca S. Reeves, Leigh A. Shovestull, Seth Braunstein, Mia Johnson, Chanchai Sapun, Lawrence M. Friedman, Lolline Chong, Daniel P. Beavers, Patricia E. Hogan, Domingo Granado, Lisa Martich, Timothy S. Church, Andrea Crisler, and Peter Kaufman

Subjects
Research design, Blood Glucose, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Time Factors, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Blood Pressure, Type 2 diabetes, Overweight, Article, law.invention, Endocrinology, Randomized controlled trial, Patient Education as Topic, law, Weight loss, Diabetes mellitus, Surveys and Questionnaires, Weight Loss, Internal Medicine, medicine, Humans, Obesity, Triglycerides, Aged, Monitoring, Physiologic, business.industry, Incidence, Cholesterol, HDL, Cholesterol, LDL, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, United States, Clinical trial, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Cardiovascular Diseases, Research Design, Physical therapy, Female, medicine.symptom, business, Risk Reduction Behavior, Biomarkers, Follow-Up Studies
Abstract

Look AHEAD (Action for Health in Diabetes) was a randomized clinical trial designed to examine the long-term health effects of weight loss in overweight and obese individuals with type 2 diabetes. The primary result was that the incidence of cardiovascular events over a median follow-up of 9.6 years was not reduced in the Intensive Lifestyle Group relative to the control group. This finding is discussed, with emphasis on its implications for design of trials and clinical treatment of obese persons with type 2 diabetes.

Published
2014

13. Orientations to Curriculum in Computer Art Education

Author

Mia Johnson

Subjects
Visual Arts and Performing Arts, Education theory, Education, Curriculum theory, Visual arts education, Political science, Pedagogy, ComputingMilieux_COMPUTERSANDEDUCATION, Curriculum development, Mathematics education, Philosophy of education, Curriculum, Computer art
Abstract

(1997). Orientations to Curriculum in Computer Art Education. Art Education: Vol. 50, Framing the Art Curriculum, pp. 43-47.

Published
1997
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14. Made by Hand

Author

Mia Johnson

Subjects
Visual Arts and Performing Arts, business.industry, media_common.quotation_subject, Installation art, Art, The arts, Visual arts education, Education, Fine art, Visual arts, Arts in education, Computer graphics, Graphic arts, Digital art, business, media_common
Published
1996
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15. A Comparative Study of Terms Used in Art Education and Computer Graphics to Describe the Visual Properties of Images

Author

Mia Johnson

Subjects
Visual Arts and Performing Arts, Multimedia, Knowledge representation and reasoning, Computer science, Visual literacy, computer.software_genre, Visual arts education, Education, Terminology, Computer graphics, Jargon, Designtheory, computer, 3D computer graphics
Abstract

Computer graphics are frequently described and taught using traditional design terminology. However, paradigmatic differences exist between traditional and computer media that demand a re-evaluation of this practice. In this study, terms and concepts used in art education to describe the visual features of art images were compared with those used in computer graphics. Over 1000 terms were identified and analyzed. The findings demonstrate that formalist concepts about the elements and principles of design in art education must be expanded or replaced to include new terminology and concepts about visual properties of images. In many cases, computer terminology may serve as a useful model for design theory in traditional art media.

Published
1996
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