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As an important member of the chemokines, CCL14 plays a vital role in cancer progression. However, the role of CCL14 in THCA has not been investigated. This study aimed to reveal the clinical significance of CCL14 in THCA.This study evaluated the expression and prognostic value of CCL14 in THCA. Also, the correlation between CCL14 and immune infiltrates was assessed. Enrichment analysis was finally performed to predict CCL14-associated pathways involved in THCA.The mRNA and protein expressions of CCL14 in THCA tissues were down-regulated compared with normal tissues. CCL14 high expression predicted favorable DFI and PFI but did not influence the DSS and OS. Further, CCL14 showed a good prediction performance on the PFI of patients. Enrichment analysis found that CCL14 was negatively correlated with migration-related pathways such as Notch signaling, ECM-receptor interaction, and cell adhesion molecules. Further, we found that CCL14 was negatively related to immune infiltrates and their gene markers. A negative relationship was also observed between CCL14 and immune checkpoint genes. These results implied the potential effect of CCL14 on the immune response and immune therapy in THCA.CCL14 high expression prolonged the DFI and PFI of THCA patients. It was negatively correlated with the migration-related pathways, suggesting that CCL14 might participate in the recurrence of THCA. Further, CCL14 was also shown to be important in immune response and immune therapy in THCA.

A highly enantioselective cyclopropanation to synthesize pyrimidine-substituted diester D–A cyclopropanes is reported. Various N1-vinylpyrimidines react well with phenyliodonium ylides, delivering chiral cyclopropanes in up to 97% yield with up to 99% ee. Through simple [3+2] annulation with benzaldehyde or ethyl glyoxylate, different chiral pyrimidine nucleoside analogues with a sugar ring could be obtained.

Two-dimensional (2D) MXenes have been extensively investigated for electrochemical energy storage because of their excellent electronic properties. In this work, a facile and effective method was developed to fabricate MXene/polypyrrole (MXene/PPy) composite film electrodes via one-step co-electrodeposition. In this process, 2D Ti3C2Tx-MXene nanosheets acted as a core polymer because of the functional groups, such as –F, –OH, or –O, on their surface, and pyrrole monomer radical cations (Py·+) would gradually polymerize on the surface and layer space of the 2D MXene nanosheets to form three-dimensional (3D) carambola-like MXene/PPy composite films. The 3D structure composite facilitated electron transfer and ionic diffusion, so the MXene/PPy composite film electrodes exhibited an outstanding electrochemical performance with a high gravimetric capacitance of 416 F g−1 at a current density of 0.5 A g−1 in a three-electrode system. The as-fabricated symmetric supercapacitors of ITO-glasses coated with MXene/PPy composite films also exhibited a high specific capacitance (184 F g−1 at a scan rate of 10 mV s−1), excellent reliability and good cycling stability (approximately 86.4% retention after 5000 cycles, at 5 A g−1).

A highly enantioselective cyclopropanation to synthesize pyrimidine-substituted diester D-A cyclopropanes is reported. Various N1-vinylpyrimidines react well with phenyliodonium ylides, delivering chiral cyclopropanes in up to 97% yield with up to 99% ee. Through simple [3+2] annulation with benzaldehyde or ethyl glyoxylate, different chiral pyrimidine nucleoside analogues with a sugar ring could be obtained.

Omega-3 fatty acids (FA), as a nutrient, has been proven effective in major depressive disorder (MDD), however, the results of monotherapy in perinatal depression (PND) remain unclear. To examine the efficacy and safety of omega-3 fatty acids (FA) monotherapy for perinatal depression (PND) compared with placebo. PubMed, Embase, PsycINFO, MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, and CINAHL were searched from inception up to November 2019. The reference lists of relevant review articles and included studies were also reviewed. Randomized placebo-controlled trials examining the efficacy and safety of omega-3 FA monotherapy in perinatal women with depressive symptoms were included. Pooled standard mean differences (SMD) were calculated and random-effects models were adopted for all analyses. Subgroups analyses and meta-regression were performed to quantify characteristics of the subjects and trials influencing the omega-3 response. In addition, meta-regression was conducted to identify the source of heterogeneity. The study protocol was registered at PROSPERO, CRD42020159542. Eight eligible randomized placebo-controlled trials were included involving 638 participants. There was a significant effect of omega-3 FA on perinatal depression. Omega-3 with higher ratio of EPA/DHA (≥1.5) had significant efficacy both in mild-to-moderate pregnant and postpartum depression with low incidence of side effects. Among the included trials reporting adverse effects, there was no significant difference in incidence of gastrointestinal and neurologic events between the omega-3 and placebo groups. There was no evidence of publication bias. Our findings suggested that omega-3 FA significantly improved depressive symptoms in perinatal women regardless of pregnant or postpartum and well-tolerated. Furthermore, the omega-3 response was linked to higher EPA proportion in omega-3 formula and mild- to-moderate depression.

Background: Patients with depression often suffer from circadian rhythm disruptions, such as insomnia and a lower amplitude of daily rhythms of locomotor activity. However, whether circadian disorders precede depression and act as a predictor for subsequent depression have not been unanimously approved. In light of increasing evidence of an association between disrupted circadian rhythms and affective symptoms, a meta-analysis was conducted to examine the effect of circadian disruptions on incident depression. Methods: A systematic search was performed in PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, PsycINFO, PsycArticles, CINAHL database. The search results were restricted to be published in English up to April 10, 2020.Reference lists from included studies and relevant reviews were also screened. We included longitudinal cohort studies that examined the predictive role of all various types of circadian disruption in incident depression. Two reviewers independently extracted information on study design, participants’ characteristics and diagnostic criteria for circadian disruption and depression. Study quality was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Random-effect models were applied to all meta-analyses given potential heterogeneity. For insomnia, subgroup analyses were performed based on subject’s characteristics, insomnia symptom domains and numbers and the investigated methods. Pool-effect estimates of relative risks to develop incident depression in groups with circadian disruption compared to groups without. This study is registered with PROSPERO, CRD42020179135. Findings: A total of 49 studies were eligible for this meta-analysis. Of 49 eligible studies, included types of circadian disruption were sleep disturbances (n = 45), chronotype (n = 2), cortisol awakening response (n = 1) and rest - activity rhythm (n = 1). Insomnia, hypersomnia, excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS), short sleep duration, obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), restless legs syndrome (RLS), an evening preference, heightened levels of cortisol in awakening response and low robustness of rest - activity rhythm all acted as significant predictors of occurrence of depression. Among insomnia subtypes, difficulty initiating sleep (DIS) and difficulty maintaining sleep (DMS) predicted future depression. Of note, persistent insomnia (OR: 5.02) contributed to more than two - fold risk of incident depression compared to insomnia (OR: 2.34). Moreover, insomnia symptom numbers were associated with incident depression in a gradient trend. Interpretation: Different types of circadian disorders act as risk factors of onset of depression, which clinicians should be informed of. Future research should be aimed to determine the casual relationship between other types of circadian disorders and onset of depression, and moreover to further elucidate the underlying mechanisms. Funding Statement: This work was supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (no. 81871071 and 81171251) and Beijing Municipal Natural Science Foundation (no. 7162101). Declaration of Interests: All of the authors declare no conflict of interest.

Patients with depression often suffer from sleep disorders and non-sleep circadian disorders. However, whether they precede and predict subsequent depression is unclear. We conducted a meta-analysis of studies on sleep disorders and non-sleep circadian disorders. We found insomnia, hypersomnia, short and long sleep duration, obstructive sleep apnea, restless legs syndrome and eveningness orientation at baseline all led to subsequent depression. Those with propensity to late meal patterns, heightened levels of cortisol in awakening response and low robustness of rest-activity rhythm at baseline had higher risks for later depression. Among insomnia subtypes, difficulty initiating sleep and difficulty maintaining sleep predicted future depression. Notably, persistent insomnia at baseline contributed to more than two-fold risk of incident depression compared to insomnia. Moreover, insomnia symptom numbers showed dose-dependent relationship with the incident depression. In conclusion, different types of sleep disorders and non-sleep circadian disorders were proven to be risk factors of subsequent depression, and mechanisms underlying the relationship between sleep disorders, non-sleep circadian disorders and subsequent depression should be further elucidated in the future.

A graph is weakly symmetric if its automorphism group is both vertex-transitive and edge-transitive. In 1971, Chao characterized all weakly symmetric graphs of prime order and showed that such graphs are also arc-transitive. In 1987, Cheng and Oxley determined all weakly symmetric graphs of order twice a prime and showed that these graphs are arc-transitive, too. In this paper, a characterization of weakly symmetric graphs of order twice a prime square is given, and it shows that these graphs are also arc-transitive.

A Cayley (resp. bi-Cayley) graph on a dihedral group is called a {\em dihedrant} (resp. {\em bi-dihedrant}). In 2000, a classification of trivalent arc-transitive dihedrants was given by Maru\v si\v c and Pisanski, and several years later, trivalent non-arc-transitive dihedrants of order $4p$ or $8p$ $(p$ a prime) were classified by Feng et al. As a generalization of these results, our first result presents a classification of trivalent non-arc-transitive dihedrants. Using this, a complete classification of trivalent vertex-transitive non-Cayley bi-dihedrants is given, thus completing the study of trivalent bi-dihedrants initiated in our previous paper [Discrete Math. 340 (2017) 1757--1772]. As a by-product, we generalize a theorem in [The Electronic Journal of Combinatorics 19 (2012) $\#$P53].

The design of high-performance catalysts for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) is urgently needed in the development of renewable energy. Herein, we report a rapid strategy for synthesizing an efficient catalyst with ultralow-Pt nanoclusters on a two-dimensional titanium carbide (Ti3C2Tx) MXene support (denoted as Pt NCs-MXene, 5μg cm−2) via electrophoretic deposition and cyclic voltammetry. The MXene support not only provides more active sites to anchor Pt nanoclusters (NCs) but also increases the electrochemically active surface area. The electrochemical HER performance of the as-synthesized Pt NCs-MXene catalyst was investigated in an acid electrolyte. The results showed that at a current density of 10 mA cm−2, the overpotential and Tafel slope of the Pt NCs-MXene were 40 mV and 50.8 mV dec−1, respectively, lower than those of the commercial 20 wt% Pt/C catalyst. The turnover frequency and mass activity of the Pt NCs-MXene were 7.09 H2s−1and 7.02 A mgPt−1, respectively, which were approximately 70 times those of the Pt/C catalyst. Moreover, the developed catalyst also exhibited a stable hydrogen evolution current for 18 h in a long-term cycling test. This work can provide novel and nontoxic methods for the preparation of low-Pt loading electrocatalysts for high-efficiency HER.

A graph is said to be a bi-Cayley graph over a group H if it admits H as a semiregular automorphism group with two vertex-orbits. A bi-dihedrant is a bi-Cayley graph over a dihedral group. In this paper, it is shown that every connected trivalent edge-transitive bi-dihedrant is also vertex-transitive, and then we present a classification of trivalent arc-transitive bi-dihedrants, and study the Cayley property of trivalent vertex-transitive bi-dihedrants.

Early brain injury (EBI) mainly leads to the poor outcome of subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), with which inflammation is closely associated. It was reported that triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-1 (TREM-1), a critical inflammatory amplifier, increased in cerebrospinal fluid of SAH patients in our recent research. This study was conducted to examine the effects of TREM-1 inhibition on EBI after experimental SAH (eSAH). The endovascular perforation model of SAH was produced and 120 rats were randomly divided into four groups as sham, SAH + vehicle and SAH + LP17 (1.0 mg/kg and 3.5 mg/kg). The LP17, a selective inhibitor of TREM-1, or vehicle was administered by an intraperitoneal injection 1 h post-modeling. Western blot analysis for TREM-1, p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38MAPK), matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1) was conducted at 24 h post-modeling. EBI was assessed in terms of mortality, neuroscore, brain edema, blood–brain barrier (BBB) disruption in 24 and 72 h. The results showed that TREM-1 was induced in brain after eSAH. Both high dose (3.5 mg/kg) and low dose (1.0 mg/kg) of Lp17 significantly inhibited the induction of TREM-1, but only high dose of LP17 improved neuroscore, brain edema, and BBB disruption which are associated with downregulation of p38MAPK/MMP-9 and subsequent preservation of ZO-1. Overall, the current study provides new evidence that TREM-1 may participate in the pathogenesis of SAH-induced EBI via promoting p38MAPK/MMP-9 activation and ZO-1 degradation, while TREM-1 inhibition attenuated the EBI severity obviously, providing a novel approach for the treatment of EBI.

A graph is half-arc-transitive if its automorphism group acts transitively on its vertex set and edge set, but not arc set. Let p be a prime. Wang and Feng (Discrete Math. 310 (2010) 1721–1724) proved that there exists no tetravalent half-arc-transitive graphs of order $$2p^2$$ . In this paper, we extend this result to prove that no hexavalent half-arc-transitive graphs of order $$2p^2$$ exist.

A graph Γ admitting a group H of automorphisms acting semi-regularly on the vertices with exactly two orbits is called a bi-Cayley graph over H. This generalisation of a Cayley graph gives a class of graphs that includes many important examples such as the Petersen graph, the Gray graph and the Hoffman-Singleton graph. A bi-Cayley graph Γ over a group H is called normal if H is normal in the full automorphism group of Γ, and almost-normal edge-transitive if the normaliser of H in the full automorphism group of Γ is transitive on the edges of Γ. In this paper, we give a characterisation of almost-normal edge-transitive bi-Cayley graphs, and in particular, we give a detailed description of 2-arc-transitive normal bi-Cayley graphs. Using this, we investigate three classes of bi-Cayley graphs, namely those over abelian groups, dihedral groups and metacyclic p-groups. We find that under certain conditions, ‘almost-normal edge-transitive’ is the same as ‘normal’ for graphs in these three classes. As a by-product, we obtain a complete classification of all connected trivalent edge-transitive graphs of girth at most 6. Also we answer some open questions from the literature about these and related classes of graphs, posed by Li (in Proc. Amer. Math. Soc. 133 (2005)), Marusic and Potocnik (in Eur. J. Comb. 22 (2001)) and Marusic and Sparl (in J. Algebr. Comb. 28 (2008)), and we correct a major error in a recent paper by Li, Song and Wang (in J. Comb. Theory Ser. A 120 (2013)).

To investigate whether individualized low-protein diet intervention for patients with chronic kidney disease(CKD)could improve the general condition,slow the deterioration of renal function,and delay the time of entering dialysis.Forty CKD inpatients between July 2011 and July 2012 were randomly given with normal or individualized low-protein diet for six months according to random number table after signing informed consent. The levels of urine protein and biochemical indexes of renal function were measured at baseline and at the end of dietary intervention for six months, respectively.The baseline urine protein level,renal function,and biochemical indexes were not significantly different between these two groups. The diastolic blood pressure,protein intake,blood urea nitrogen,uric acid, potassium, phosphorus, C-reaction protein,24-hour urea nitrogen,and urine protein after six months were significantly lower than those at baseline,that is,(101.70 ± 15.78)mmHg vs.(91.75 ±15.52) mmHg,(63.87 ± 24.70)g/d vs.(50.02 ± 14.07)g/d,(20.01 ± 7.69)mmol/L vs.(15.11 ± 4.90) mmol/L,(362.75 ± 84.56)Μmol/L vs.(302.20 ± 8.48)Μmol/L,(5.22 ± 0.75)mmol/L vs.(4.79±0.36) mmol/L,(2.07 ± 0.68) mmol/L vs.(1.57 ± 0.41) mmol/L,1.19 [0.65,4.17] mg/L vs. 0.74 [0.38,1.33] mg/L,70.6 [8.70,101.18] mmol/L vs. 16.93 [3.23,72.27] mmol/L,1.00 [0.30,1.00] g/d vs. 0.15 [0,0.83] g/d (all P0.05),among which albumin and hemoglobin were significantly higher [(0.34 ± 0.07)g/L vs.(0.37 ± 0.05)g/L, (99.38 ± 21.89)g/L vs.(126.35 ± 14.11)g/L,respectively] in the individualized low-protein diet group. The difference was statistically significant (P0.05). The most relevant for urine protein producing was prealbumin (r=0.924, P0.05). The differences of blood urea nitrogen, potassium, sodium, calcium, phosphorus, 24-hour urea nitrogen, urine specific gravity, urine protein, and hemoglobin in six months in the individualized low-protein diet group were significantly better than those in the normal low protein-diet group (P0.05).Individualized low-protein diet intervention may have definite curative effectiveness in CKD patients. It can markedly improve the patients' condition,slow down the deterio-ration of renal function,and increase serum prealbumin levels that may reduce the generation of urine protein. It is worthy of wider clinical application.

A series of 2-(N-oxide pyridyl)-5-methoxythiazoles were synthesized and corresponding optical properties were also investigated. It is first found that a digital-type fluorescent responses in a sharp pH variation with dual-emission could be fulfilled based on a small fluorophore.