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42 results on '"Mezza, Davide"'

1. Characterization of iLGADs using soft X-rays

Author

Liguori, Antonio, Barten, Rebecca, Baruffaldi, Filippo, Bergamaschi, Anna, Borghi, Giacomo, Boscardin, Maurizio, Brückner, Martin, Butcher, Tim Alexander, Carulla, Maria, Vignali, Matteo Centis, Dinapoli, Roberto, Ebner, Simon, Ficorella, Francesco, Fröjdh, Erik, Greiffenberg, Dominic, Ali, Omar Hammad, Hasanaj, Shqipe, Heymes, Julian, Hinger, Viktoria, King, Thomas, Kozlowski, Pawel, Lopez-Cuenca, Carlos, Mezza, Davide, Moustakas, Konstantinos, Mozzanica, Aldo, Paternoster, Giovanni, Paton, Kirsty A., Ronchin, Sabina, Ruder, Christian, Schmitt, Bernd, Thattil, Dhanya, Xie, Xiangyu, and Zhang, Jiaguo

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract

Experiments at synchrotron radiation sources and X-ray Free-Electron Lasers in the soft X-ray energy range ($250$eV--$2$keV) stand to benefit from the adaptation of the hybrid silicon detector technology for low energy photons. Inverse Low Gain Avalanche Diode (iLGAD) sensors provide an internal gain, enhancing the signal-to-noise ratio and allowing single photon detection below $1$keV using hybrid detectors. In addition, an optimization of the entrance window of these sensors enhances their quantum efficiency (QE). In this work, the QE and the gain of a batch of different iLGAD diodes with optimized entrance windows were characterized using soft X-rays at the Surface/Interface:Microscopy beamline of the Swiss Light Source synchrotron. Above $250$eV, the QE is larger than $55\%$ for all sensor variations, while the charge collection efficiency is close to $100\%$. The average gain depends on the gain layer design of the iLGADs and increases with photon energy. A fitting procedure is introduced to extract the multiplication factor as a function of the absorption depth of X-ray photons inside the sensors. In particular, the multiplication factors for electron- and hole-triggered avalanches are estimated, corresponding to photon absorption beyond or before the gain layer, respectively., Comment: 16 pages, 8 figures

Published
2023
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2. Development of LGAD sensors with a thin entrance window for soft X-ray detection

Author

Zhang, Jiaguo, Barten, Rebecca, Baruffaldi, Filippo, Bergamaschi, Anna, Borghi, Giacomo, Boscardin, Maurizio, Brueckner, Martin, Carulla, Maria, Vignali, Matteo Centis, Dinapoli, Roberto, Ebner, Simon, Ficorella, Francesco, Froejdh, Erik, Greiffenberg, Dominic, Ali, Omar Hammad, Heymes, Julian, Hasanaj, Shqipe, Hinger, Viktoria, King, Thomas, Kozlowski, Pawel, Lopez-Cuenca, Carlos, Mezza, Davide, Moustakas, Konstantinos, Mozzanica, Aldo, Paternoster, Giovanni, Ronchin, Sabina, Ruder, Christian, Schmitt, Bernd, and Thattil, Dhanya

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract

We show the developments carried out to improve the silicon sensor technology for the detection of soft X-rays with hybrid X-ray detectors. An optimization of the entrance window technology is required to improve the quantum efficiency. The LGAD technology can be used to amplify the signal generated by the X-rays and to increase the signal-to-noise ratio, making single photon resolution in the soft X-ray energy range possible. In this paper, we report first results obtained from an LGAD sensor production with an optimized thin entrance window. Single photon detection of soft X-rays down to 452~eV has been demonstrated from measurements, with a signal-to-noise ratio better than 20., Comment: 10 pages, 6 figures

Published
2022
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3. Design and first tests of the Gotthard-II readout ASIC for the European X-ray Free-Electron Laser

Author

Zhang, Jiaguo, Andrae, Marie, Barten, Rebecca, Bergamaschi, Anna, Brueckner, Martin, Chiriotti-Alvarez, Sabina, Dinapoli, Roberto, Froejdh, Erik, Greiffenberg, Dominic, Kozlowski, Pawel, Kuster, Markus, Lopez-Cuenca, Carlos, Meyer, Markus, Mezza, Davide, Mozzanica, Aldo, Ramilli, Marco, Ruder, Christian, Schmitt, Bernd, Shi, Xintian, Thattil, Dhanya, Tinti, Gemma, Turcato, Monica, and Vetter, Seraphin

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract

Gotthard-II is a charge-integrating microstrip detector developed for experiments and diagnostics at free-electron lasers using hard X-rays of 5 keV - 20 keV. Thanks to its excellent single photon sensitivity, large dynamic range as well as high frame rate of 4.5 MHz in burst mode, its potential scientific applications include X-ray absorption/emission spectroscopy, hard X-ray high resolution single-shot spectrometry (HiREX), beam diagnostics, as well as veto signal generation for pixel detectors. The Gotthard-II ASIC has been designed and fabricated using UMC-110 nm technology. The final ASIC design and performance in terms of noise, linearity, dynamic range, coupling between channels and speed will be discussed in the paper. In addition, a first measurement of an X-ray absorption spectrum of a standard copper sample has been done. The performance of the Gotthard-II in an experiment using energy dispersive X-rays has been demonstrated., Comment: 25 pages, 16 figures

Published
2021
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4. Integration and first operation of the Gotthard-II detector at European XFEL

Author

Ramilli, Marco, Ahmed, Karim, de Wijn, Raphael, Dietze, Thomas, Fernandes, Bruno, Hammer, David, Jiang, Yifeng, Khakhulin, Dmitry, Koliyadu, Jayanath C.P., Letrun, Romain, Liu, Jia, Lopez-Cuenca, Carlos, Mezza, Davide, Milne, Christopher, Mozzanica, Aldo, Parenti, Andrea, Sato, Tokushi, Schmidt, Philipp, Schmitt, Bernd, Sikorski, Marcin, Turcato, Monica, Uemura, Yohei, Wang, Hao, Yousef, Hazem, and Zhang, Jiaguo

Published
2024
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5. Megapixels @ Megahertz -- The AGIPD High-Speed Cameras for the European XFEL

Author

Trunk, Ulrich, Allahgholi, Aschkan, Becker, Julian, Delfs, Annette, Dinapoli, Roberto, Göttlicher, Peter, Graafsma, Heinz, Greiffenberg, Dominic, Hirsemann, Helmut, Jack, Stefanie, Klyuev, Alexander, Krüger, Hans, Kuhn, Manuela, Laurus, Torsten, Marras, Alessandro, Mezza, Davide, Mozzanica, Aldo, Poehlsen, Jennifer, Shalev, Ofir Shefer, Sheviakov, Igor, Schmitt, Bernd, Schwandt, Jörn, Shi, Xintian, Smoljanin, Sergej, Zhang, Jiaguo, and Zimmer, Manfred

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract

The European XFEL is an extremely brilliant Free Electron Laser Source with a very demanding pulse structure: trains of 2700 X-Ray pulses are repeated at 10 Hz. The pulses inside the train are spaced by 220 ns and each one contains up to $10^{12}$ photons of 12.4 keV, while being $\le 100$ fs in length. AGIPD, the Adaptive Gain Integrating Pixel Detector, is a hybrid pixel detector developed by DESY, PSI, and the Universities of Bonn and Hamburg to cope with these properties. It is a fast, low noise integrating detector, with single photon sensitivity (for $\text{E}_{\gamma} \ge 6$ keV) and a large dynamic range, up to $10^4$ photons at 12.4 keV. This is achieved with a charge sensitive amplifier with 3 adaptively selected gains per pixel. 352 images can be recorded at up to 6.5 MHz and stored in the in-pixel analogue memory and read out between pulse trains. The core component of this detector is the AGIPD ASIC, which consists of $64 \times 64$ pixels of $200 {\mu}\text{m} \times 200 {\mu}\text{m}$. Control of the ASIC's image acquisition and analogue readout is via a command based interface. FPGA based electronic boards, controlling ASIC operation, image digitisation and 10 GE data transmission interface AGIPD detectors to DAQ and control systems. An AGIPD 1 Mpixel detector has been installed at the SPB experimental station in August 2017, while a second one is currently commissioned for the MID endstation. A larger (4 Mpixel) AGIPD detector and one to employ Hi-Z sensor material to efficiently register photons up to $\text{E}_{\gamma} \approx 25$ keV are currently under construction., Comment: submitted to the proceedings of the ULITIMA 2018 conference, to be published in NIM A

Published
2019
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6. The Adaptive Gain Integrating Pixel Detector at the European XFEL

Author

Allahgholi, Aschkan, Becker, Julian, Delfs, Annette, Dinapoli, Roberto, Goettlicher, Peter, Greiffenberg, Dominic, Henrich, Beat, Hirsemann, Helmut, Kuhn, Manuela, Klanner, Robert, Klyuev, Alexander, Krueger, Hans, Lange, Sabine, Laurus, Torsten, Marras, Alessandro, Mezza, Davide, Mozzanica, Aldo, Niemann, Magdalena, Poehlsen, Jennifer, Schwandt, Joern, Sheviakov, Igor, Shi, Xintian, Smoljanin, Sergej, Steffen, Lothar, Sztuk-Dambietz, Jolanta, Trunk, Ulrich, Xia, Qingqing, Zeribi, Mourad, Zhang, Jiaguo, Zimmer, Manfred, Schmidt, Bernd, and Graafsma, Heinz

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract

The Adaptive Gain Integrating Pixel Detector (AGIPD) is an x-ray imager, custom designed for the European x-ray Free-Electron Laser (XFEL). It is a fast, low noise integrating detector, with an adaptive gain amplifier per pixel. This has an equivalent noise of less than 1 keV when detecting single photons and, when switched into another gain state, a dynamic range of more than 10$^4$ photons of 12 keV. In burst mode the system is able to store 352 images while running at up to 6.5 MHz, which is compatible with the 4.5 MHz frame rate at the European XFEL. The AGIPD system was installed and commissioned in August 2017, and successfully used for the first experiments at the Single Particles, Clusters and Biomolecules (SPB) experimental station at the European XFEL since September 2017. This paper describes the principal components and performance parameters of the system., Comment: revised version after peer review

Published
2018

7. Performance Evaluation of the Analogue Front-End and ADC Prototypes for the Gotthard-II Development

Author

Zhang, Jiaguo, Andrä, Marie, Barten, Rebecca, Bergamaschi, Anna, Brückner, Martin, Dinapoli, Roberto, Fröjdh, Erik, Greiffenberg, Dominic, Lopez-Cuenca, Carlos, Mezza, Davide, Mozzanica, Aldo, Ramilli, Marco, Redford, Sophie, Ruat, Marie, Ruder, Christian, Schmitt, Bernd, Shi, Xintian, Thattil, Dhanya, Tinti, Gemma, Turcato, Monica, and Vettera, Seraphin

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract

Gotthard-II is a silicon microstrip detector developed for the European X-ray Free-Electron Laser (XFEL.EU). Its potential scientific applications include X-ray absorption/emission spectroscopy, hard X-ray high resolution single-shot spectrometry (HiREX), energy dispersive experiments at 4.5 MHz frame rate, beam diagnostics, as well as veto signal generation for pixel detectors. Gotthard-II uses a silicon microstrip sensor with a pitch of 50 $\mu$m or 25 $\mu$m and with 1280 or 2560 channels wire-bonded to readout chips (ROCs). In the ROC, an adaptive gain switching pre-amplifier (PRE), a fully differential Correlated-Double-Sampling (CDS) stage, an Analog-to-Digital Converter (ADC) as well as a Static Random-Access Memory (SRAM) capable of storing all the 2700 images in an XFEL.EU bunch train will be implemented. Several prototypes with different designs of the analogue front-end (PRE and CDS) and ADC test structures have been fabricated in UMC-110 nm CMOS technology and their performance has been evaluated. In this paper, the performance of the analogue front-end and ADC will be summarized., Comment: 11 pages, 14 figures

Published
2017
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8. Towards Gotthard-II: Development of A Silicon Microstrip Detector for the European X-ray Free-Electron Laser

Author

Zhang, Jiaguo, Andrä, Marie, Barten, Rebecca, Bergamaschi, Anna, Brückner, Martin, Dinapoli, Roberto, Froejdh, Erik, Greiffenberg, Dominic, Lopez-Cuenca, Carlos, Mezza, Davide, Mozzanica, Aldo, Ramilli, Marco, Redford, Sophie, Ruat, Marie, Ruder, Christian, Schmitt, Bernd, Shi, Xintian, Thattil, Dhanya, Tinti, Gemma, Turcato, Monica, and Vettera, Seraphin

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract

Gotthard-II is a 1-D microstrip detector specifically developed for the European X-ray Free-Electron Laser. It will not only be used in energy dispersive experiments but also as a beam diagnostic tool with additional logic to generate veto signals for the other 2-D detectors. Gotthard-II makes use of a silicon microstrip sensor with a pitch of either 50 {\mu}m or 25 {\mu}m and with 1280 or 2560 channels wire-bonded to adaptive gain switching readout chips. Built-in analog-to-digital converters and digital memories will be implemented in the readout chip for a continuous conversion and storage of frames for all bunches in the bunch train. The performance of analogue front-end prototypes of Gotthard has been investigated in this work. The results in terms of noise, conversionngain, dynamic range, obtained by means of infrared laser and X-rays, will be shown. In particular, the effects of the strip-to-strip coupling are studied in detail and it is found that the reduction of the coupling effects is one of the key factors for the development of the analogue front-end of Gotthard-II., Comment: 22 pages, 26 figures

Published
2017
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9. Megahertz serial crystallography

Author

Wiedorn, Max O, Oberthür, Dominik, Bean, Richard, Schubert, Robin, Werner, Nadine, Abbey, Brian, Aepfelbacher, Martin, Adriano, Luigi, Allahgholi, Aschkan, Al-Qudami, Nasser, Andreasson, Jakob, Aplin, Steve, Awel, Salah, Ayyer, Kartik, Bajt, Saša, Barák, Imrich, Bari, Sadia, Bielecki, Johan, Botha, Sabine, Boukhelef, Djelloul, Brehm, Wolfgang, Brockhauser, Sandor, Cheviakov, Igor, Coleman, Matthew A, Cruz-Mazo, Francisco, Danilevski, Cyril, Darmanin, Connie, Doak, R Bruce, Domaracky, Martin, Dörner, Katerina, Du, Yang, Fangohr, Hans, Fleckenstein, Holger, Frank, Matthias, Fromme, Petra, Gañán-Calvo, Alfonso M, Gevorkov, Yaroslav, Giewekemeyer, Klaus, Ginn, Helen Mary, Graafsma, Heinz, Graceffa, Rita, Greiffenberg, Dominic, Gumprecht, Lars, Göttlicher, Peter, Hajdu, Janos, Hauf, Steffen, Heymann, Michael, Holmes, Susannah, Horke, Daniel A, Hunter, Mark S, Imlau, Siegfried, Kaukher, Alexander, Kim, Yoonhee, Klyuev, Alexander, Knoška, Juraj, Kobe, Bostjan, Kuhn, Manuela, Kupitz, Christopher, Küpper, Jochen, Lahey-Rudolph, Janine Mia, Laurus, Torsten, Le Cong, Karoline, Letrun, Romain, Xavier, P Lourdu, Maia, Luis, Maia, Filipe RNC, Mariani, Valerio, Messerschmidt, Marc, Metz, Markus, Mezza, Davide, Michelat, Thomas, Mills, Grant, Monteiro, Diana CF, Morgan, Andrew, Mühlig, Kerstin, Munke, Anna, Münnich, Astrid, Nette, Julia, Nugent, Keith A, Nuguid, Theresa, Orville, Allen M, Pandey, Suraj, Pena, Gisel, Villanueva-Perez, Pablo, Poehlsen, Jennifer, Previtali, Gianpietro, Redecke, Lars, Riekehr, Winnie Maria, Rohde, Holger, Round, Adam, Safenreiter, Tatiana, Sarrou, Iosifina, Sato, Tokushi, Schmidt, Marius, Schmitt, Bernd, Schönherr, Robert, Schulz, Joachim, Sellberg, Jonas A, Seibert, M Marvin, and Seuring, Carolin

Subjects
Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chemical Sciences, Biological Sciences
Abstract

The new European X-ray Free-Electron Laser is the first X-ray free-electron laser capable of delivering X-ray pulses with a megahertz inter-pulse spacing, more than four orders of magnitude higher than previously possible. However, to date, it has been unclear whether it would indeed be possible to measure high-quality diffraction data at megahertz pulse repetition rates. Here, we show that high-quality structures can indeed be obtained using currently available operating conditions at the European XFEL. We present two complete data sets, one from the well-known model system lysozyme and the other from a so far unknown complex of a β-lactamase from K. pneumoniae involved in antibiotic resistance. This result opens up megahertz serial femtosecond crystallography (SFX) as a tool for reliable structure determination, substrate screening and the efficient measurement of the evolution and dynamics of molecular structures using megahertz repetition rate pulses available at this new class of X-ray laser source.

Published
2018

10. Resolving soft X-ray photons with a high-rate hybrid pixel detector

Author

Hinger, Viktoria, primary, Barten, Rebecca, additional, Baruffaldi, Filippo, additional, Bergamaschi, Anna, additional, Borghi, Giacomo, additional, Boscardin, Maurizio, additional, Brückner, Martin, additional, Carulla, Maria, additional, Centis Vignali, Matteo, additional, Dinapoli, Roberto, additional, Ebner, Simon, additional, Ficorella, Francesco, additional, Fröjdh, Erik, additional, Greiffenberg, Dominic, additional, Hammad Ali, Omar, additional, Hasanaj, Shqipe, additional, Heymes, Julian, additional, King, Thomas, additional, Kozłowski, Pawel, additional, Lopez-Cuenca, Carlos, additional, Mezza, Davide, additional, Mozzanica, Aldo, additional, Moustakas, Konstantinos, additional, Paternoster, Giovanni, additional, Paton, Kirsty A., additional, Ronchin, Sabina, additional, Ruder, Christian, additional, Schmitt, Bernd, additional, Sieberer, Patrick, additional, Thattil, Dhanya, additional, Xie, Xiangyu, additional, and Zhang, Jiaguo, additional

Published
2024
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11. Quantum Efficiency Measurement and Modeling of Silicon Sensors Optimized for Soft X-ray Detection

Author

Carulla, Maria, primary, Barten, Rebecca, additional, Baruffaldi, Filippo, additional, Bergamaschi, Anna, additional, Borghi, Giacomo, additional, Boscardin, Maurizio, additional, Brückner, Martin, additional, Butcher, Tim A., additional, Centis Vignali, Matteo, additional, Dinapoli, Roberto, additional, Ebner, Simon, additional, Ficorella, Francesco, additional, Fröjdh, Erik, additional, Greiffenberg, Dominic, additional, Hammad Ali, Omar, additional, Hasanaj, Shqipe, additional, Heymes, Julian, additional, Hinger, Viktoria, additional, King, Thomas, additional, Kozlowski, Pawel, additional, Lopez Cuenca, Carlos, additional, Mezza, Davide, additional, Moustakas, Konstantinos, additional, Mozzanica, Aldo, additional, Paternoster, Giovanni, additional, Paton, Kirsty A., additional, Ronchin, Sabina, additional, Ruder, Christian, additional, Schmitt, Bernd, additional, Sieberer, Patrick, additional, Thattil, Dhanya, additional, Vogelsang, Konrad, additional, Xie, Xiangyu, additional, and Zhang, Jiaguo, additional

Published
2024
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12. Characterization of iLGADs using soft X-rays

Author

Liguori, Antonio, primary, Barten, Rebecca, additional, Baruffaldi, Filippo, additional, Bergamaschi, Anna, additional, Borghi, Giacomo, additional, Boscardin, Maurizio, additional, Brückner, Martin, additional, Butcher, Tim Alexander, additional, Carulla, Maria, additional, Centis Vignali, Matteo, additional, Dinapoli, Roberto, additional, Ebner, Simon, additional, Ficorella, Francesco, additional, Fröjdh, Erik, additional, Greiffenberg, Dominic, additional, Hammad Ali, Omar, additional, Hasanaj, Shqipe, additional, Heymes, Julian, additional, Hinger, Viktoria, additional, King, Thomas, additional, Kozlowski, Pawel, additional, Lopez-Cuenca, Carlos, additional, Mezza, Davide, additional, Moustakas, Konstantinos, additional, Mozzanica, Aldo, additional, Paternoster, Giovanni, additional, Paton, Kirsty A., additional, Ronchin, Sabina, additional, Ruder, Christian, additional, Schmitt, Bernd, additional, Thattil, Dhanya, additional, Xie, Xiangyu, additional, and Zhang, Jiaguo, additional

Published
2023
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13. Integration and first operation of the Gotthard-II detector at European XFEL

Author

Ramilli, Marco, primary, Ahmed, Karim, additional, de Wijin, Raphael, additional, Dietze, Thomas, additional, Fernandes, Bruno, additional, Hammer, David, additional, Jiang, Yifeng, additional, Khakhulin, Dmitry, additional, Koliyadu, Jayanath C.P., additional, Letrun, Romain, additional, Liu, Jia, additional, Lopez-Cuenca, Carlos, additional, Mezza, Davide, additional, Milne, Christopher, additional, Mozzanica, Aldo, additional, Parenti, Andrea, additional, Sato, Tokushi, additional, Schmidt, Philipp, additional, Schmitt, Bernd, additional, Sikorski, Marcin, additional, Turcato, Monica, additional, Uemura, Yohei, additional, Wang, Hao, additional, Yousef, Hazem, additional, and Zhang, Jiaguo, additional

Published
2023
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14. Segmented flow generator for serial crystallography at the European X-ray free electron laser

Author

Echelmeier, Austin, Cruz Villarreal, Jorvani, Messerschmidt, Marc, Kim, Daihyun, Coe, Jesse D., Thifault, Darren, Botha, Sabine, Egatz-Gomez, Ana, Gandhi, Sahir, Brehm, Gerrit, Conrad, Chelsie E., Hansen, Debra T., Madsen, Caleb, Bajt, Saša, Meza-Aguilar, J. Domingo, Oberthür, Dominik, Wiedorn, Max O., Fleckenstein, Holger, Mendez, Derek, Knoška, Juraj, Martin-Garcia, Jose M., Hu, Hao, Lisova, Stella, Allahgholi, Aschkan, Gevorkov, Yaroslav, Ayyer, Kartik, Aplin, Steve, Ginn, Helen Mary, Graafsma, Heinz, Morgan, Andrew J., Greiffenberg, Dominic, Klujev, Alexander, Laurus, Torsten, Poehlsen, Jennifer, Trunk, Ulrich, Mezza, Davide, Schmidt, Bernd, Kuhn, Manuela, Fromme, Raimund, Sztuk-Dambietz, Jolanta, Raab, Natascha, Hauf, Steffen, Silenzi, Alessandro, Michelat, Thomas, Xu, Chen, Danilevski, Cyril, Parenti, Andrea, Mekinda, Leonce, Weinhausen, Britta, Mills, Grant, Vagovic, Patrik, Kim, Yoonhee, Kirkwood, Henry, Bean, Richard, Bielecki, Johan, Stern, Stephan, Giewekemeyer, Klaus, Round, Adam R., Schulz, Joachim, Dörner, Katerina, Grant, Thomas D., Mariani, Valerio, Barty, Anton, Mancuso, Adrian P., Weierstall, Uwe, Spence, John C. H., Chapman, Henry N., Zatsepin, Nadia, Fromme, Petra, Kirian, Richard A., and Ros, Alexandra

Published
2020
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15. Low-energy x-ray detection with JUNGFRAU

Author

V Hinger, R Barten, Baruffaldi, Filippo, Bergamaschi, Anna, M Brückner, M Carulla, Dinapoli, Roberto, S Ebner, Fröjdh, Erik, Greiffenberg, Dominic, S Hasanaj, Heymes, Julian, T King, P Kozlowski, C Lopez Cuenca, Mezza, Davide, K Moustakas, Mozzanica, Aldo, C Ruder, B Schmitt, D Thattil, and Jiaguo Zhang

Published
2022
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16. Characterization of Chromium Compensated GaAs Sensors with the Charge-Integrating JUNGFRAU Readout Chip by Means of a Highly Collimated Pencil Beam

Author

Greiffenberg, Dominic, primary, Andrä, Marie, additional, Barten, Rebecca, additional, Bergamaschi, Anna, additional, Brückner, Martin, additional, Busca, Paolo, additional, Chiriotti, Sabina, additional, Chsherbakov, Ivan, additional, Dinapoli, Roberto, additional, Fajardo, Pablo, additional, Fröjdh, Erik, additional, Hasanaj, Shqipe, additional, Kozlowski, Pawel, additional, Lopez Cuenca, Carlos, additional, Lozinskaya, Anastassiya, additional, Meyer, Markus, additional, Mezza, Davide, additional, Mozzanica, Aldo, additional, Redford, Sophie, additional, Ruat, Marie, additional, Ruder, Christian, additional, Schmitt, Bernd, additional, Thattil, Dhanya, additional, Tinti, Gemma, additional, Tolbanov, Oleg, additional, Tyazhev, Anton, additional, Vetter, Seraphin, additional, Zarubin, Andrei, additional, and Zhang, Jiaguo, additional

Published
2021
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17. The Adaptive Gain Integrating Pixel Detector at the European XFEL

Author

Allahgholi, Aschkan, Becker, Julian, Delfs, Annette, Dinapoli, Roberto, Goettlicher, Peter, Greiffenberg, Dominic, Henrich, Beat, Hirsemann, Helmut, Kuhn, Manuela, Klanner, Robert, Klyuev, Alexander, Krueger, Hans, Lange, Sabine, Laurus, Torsten, Marras, Alessandro, Mezza, Davide, Mozzanica, Aldo, Niemann, Magdalena, Poehlsen, Jennifer, Schwandt, Joern, Sheviakov, Igor, Shi, Xintian, Smoljanin, Sergej, Steffen, Lothar, Sztuk-Dambietz, Jolanta, Trunk, Ulrich, Xia, Qingqing, Zeribi, Mourad, Zhang, Jiaguo, Zimmer, Manfred, Schmitt, Bernd, and Graafsma, Heinz

Subjects
X-ray detector, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, European XFEL, Acceleratorfysik och instrumentering, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), Accelerator Physics and Instrumentation, Research Papers, AGIPD, ddc:550, Physics::Accelerator Physics, Radiologi och bildbehandling, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Medical Imaging
Abstract

Journal of synchrotron radiation 26(1), 74 - 82 (2019). doi:10.1107/S1600577518016077, The Adaptive Gain Integrating Pixel Detector (AGIPD) is an X-ray imager, custom designed for the European X-ray Free-Electron Laser (XFEL). It is a fast, low-noise integrating detector, with an adaptive gain amplifier per pixel. This has an equivalent noise of less than 1 keV when detecting single photons and, when switched into another gain state, a dynamic range of more than 10$^4$ photons of 12 keV. In burst mode the system is able to store 352 images while running at up to 6.5 MHz, which is compatible with the 4.5 MHz frame rate at the European XFEL. The AGIPD system was installed and commissioned in August 2017, and successfully used for the first experiments at the Single Particles, Clusters and Biomolecules (SPB) experimental station at the European XFEL since September 2017. This paper describes the principal components and performance parameters of the system., Published by Wiley-Blackwell, Chester

Published
2019

18. Megapixels @ Megahertz – The AGIPD high-speed cameras for the European XFEL

Author

Allahgholi, Aschkan, Becker, Julian, Delfs, Annette, Dinapoli, Roberto, Göttlicher, Peter, Graafsma, Heinz, Greiffenberg, Dominic, Hirsemann, Helmut, Jack, Stefanie, Klyuev, Alexander, Krüger, Hans, Kuhn, Manuela, Laurus, Torsten, Marras, Alessandro, Mezza, Davide, Mozzanica, Aldo, Poehlsen, Jennifer, Shefer Shalev, Ofir, Sheviakov, Igor, Schmitt, Bernd, Schwandt, Jörn, Shi, Xintian, Smoljanin, Sergej, Trunk, Ulrich, Zhang, Jiaguo, Zimmer, Manfred, Allahgholi, Aschkan, Becker, Julian, Delfs, Annette, Dinapoli, Roberto, Göttlicher, Peter, Graafsma, Heinz, Greiffenberg, Dominic, Hirsemann, Helmut, Jack, Stefanie, Klyuev, Alexander, Krüger, Hans, Kuhn, Manuela, Laurus, Torsten, Marras, Alessandro, Mezza, Davide, Mozzanica, Aldo, Poehlsen, Jennifer, Shefer Shalev, Ofir, Sheviakov, Igor, Schmitt, Bernd, Schwandt, Jörn, Shi, Xintian, Smoljanin, Sergej, Trunk, Ulrich, Zhang, Jiaguo, and Zimmer, Manfred

Abstract

The European XFEL is an extremely brilliant Free Electron Laser Source with a very demanding pulse structure: trains of 2700 X-ray pulses are repeated at 10Hz. The pulses inside the train are spaced by 220ns and each one contains up to 1012photons of 12.4keV, while being ≤100fs in length. AGIPD, the Adaptive Gain Integrating Pixel Detector, is a hybrid pixel detector developed by DESY, PSI, and the Universities of Bonn and Hamburg to cope with these properties. It is a fast, low noise integrating detector, with single photon sensitivity (for Eγ⪆6keV) and a large dynamic range, up to 104 photons at 12.4keV. This is achieved with a charge sensitive amplifier with 3 adaptively selected gains per pixel. 352 images can be recorded at up to 6.5MHz and stored in the in-pixel analogue memory and read out between pulse trains. The core component of this detector is the AGIPD ASIC, which consists of 64 × 64 pixels of 200µm×200µm. Control of the ASIC's image acquisition and analogue readout is via a command based interface. FPGA based electronic boards, controlling ASIC operation, image digitisation and 10GE data transmission interface AGIPD detectors to DAQ and control systems. An AGIPD 1Mpixel detector has been installed at the SPB1 experimental station in August 2017, while a second one is currently commissioned for the MID 2 endstation. A larger (4Mpixel) AGIPD detector and one to employ Hi-Z sensor material to efficiently register photons up to Eγ≈25keV are currently under construction.

Published
2019
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19. Megapixels @ Megahertz – The AGIPD high-speed cameras for the European XFEL

Author

Allahgholi, Aschkan, primary, Becker, Julian, additional, Delfs, Annette, additional, Dinapoli, Roberto, additional, Göttlicher, Peter, additional, Graafsma, Heinz, additional, Greiffenberg, Dominic, additional, Hirsemann, Helmut, additional, Jack, Stefanie, additional, Klyuev, Alexander, additional, Krüger, Hans, additional, Kuhn, Manuela, additional, Laurus, Torsten, additional, Marras, Alessandro, additional, Mezza, Davide, additional, Mozzanica, Aldo, additional, Poehlsen, Jennifer, additional, Shefer Shalev, Ofir, additional, Sheviakov, Igor, additional, Schmitt, Bernd, additional, Schwandt, Jörn, additional, Shi, Xintian, additional, Smoljanin, Sergej, additional, Trunk, Ulrich, additional, Zhang, Jiaguo, additional, and Zimmer, Manfred, additional

Published
2019
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20. Development of low-energy X-ray detectors using LGAD sensors

Author

Andrä, Marie, primary, Zhang, Jiaguo, additional, Bergamaschi, Anna, additional, Barten, Rebecca, additional, Borca, Camelia, additional, Borghi, Giacomo, additional, Boscardin, Maurizio, additional, Busca, Paolo, additional, Brückner, Martin, additional, Cartiglia, Nicoló, additional, Chiriotti, Sabina, additional, Dalla Betta, Gian-Franco, additional, Dinapoli, Roberto, additional, Fajardo, Pablo, additional, Ferrero, Marco, additional, Ficorella, Francesco, additional, Fröjdh, Erik, additional, Greiffenberg, Dominic, additional, Huthwelker, Thomas, additional, Lopez-Cuenca, Carlos, additional, Meyer, Markus, additional, Mezza, Davide, additional, Mozzanica, Aldo, additional, Pancheri, Lucio, additional, Paternoster, Giovanni, additional, Redford, Sophie, additional, Ruat, Marie, additional, Ruder, Christian, additional, Schmitt, Bernd, additional, Shi, Xintian, additional, Sola, Valentina, additional, Thattil, Dhanya, additional, Tinti, Gemma, additional, and Vetter, Seraphin, additional

Published
2019
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21. The Adaptive Gain Integrating Pixel Detector at the European XFEL

Author

Allahgholi, Aschkan, primary, Becker, Julian, additional, Delfs, Annette, additional, Dinapoli, Roberto, additional, Goettlicher, Peter, additional, Greiffenberg, Dominic, additional, Henrich, Beat, additional, Hirsemann, Helmut, additional, Kuhn, Manuela, additional, Klanner, Robert, additional, Klyuev, Alexander, additional, Krueger, Hans, additional, Lange, Sabine, additional, Laurus, Torsten, additional, Marras, Alessandro, additional, Mezza, Davide, additional, Mozzanica, Aldo, additional, Niemann, Magdalena, additional, Poehlsen, Jennifer, additional, Schwandt, Joern, additional, Sheviakov, Igor, additional, Shi, Xintian, additional, Smoljanin, Sergej, additional, Steffen, Lothar, additional, Sztuk-Dambietz, Jolanta, additional, Trunk, Ulrich, additional, Xia, Qingqing, additional, Zeribi, Mourad, additional, Zhang, Jiaguo, additional, Zimmer, Manfred, additional, Schmitt, Bernd, additional, and Graafsma, Heinz, additional

Published
2019
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22. Megahertz serial crystallography

Author

Wiedorn, Max Oliver, Oberthür, Dominik, Bean, Richard, Schubert, Robin, Werner, Nadine, Abbey, Brian, Aepfelbacher, Martin, Adriano, Luigi, Allahgholi, Aschkan, Al-Qudami, Nasser, Andreasson, Jakob, Shelby, Megan L., Shoemann, Robert L., Sikorski, Marcin, Silenzi, Alessandro, Stan, Claudiu A., Shi, Xintian, Stern, Stephan, Sztuk-Dambietz, Jolanta, Szuba, Janusz, Tolstikova, Aleksandra, Aplin, Steven, Trebbin, Martin, Trunk, Ulrich, Vagovic, Patrik, Ve, Thomas, Weinhausen, Britta, White, Thomas A., Wrona, Krzysztof, Xu, Chen, Yefanov, Oleksandr, Zatsepin, Nadia, Awel, Salah, Zhang, Jiaguo, Perbandt, Markus, Mancuso, Adrian P., Betzel, Christian, Chapman, Henry N., Banty, Anton, Ayyer, Kartik, Bajt, Saša, Barák, Imrich, Bari, Sadia, Bielecki, Johan, Botha, Sabine, Boukhelef, Djelloul, Brehm, Wolfgang, Brockhauser, Sandor, Cheviakov, Igor, Coleman, Matthew A., Cruz-Mazo, Francisco, Danilevski, Cyril, Darmanin, Connie, Doak, R. Bruce, Domaracky, Martin, Dörner, Katerina Henrike, Du, Yang, Fangohr, Hans, Fleckenstein, Holger, Frank, Matthias, Fromme, Petra, Gañán-Calvo, Alfonso M., Gevorkov, Yaroslav, Giewekemeyer, Klaus, Ginn, Helen Mary, Graafsma, Heinz, Graceffa, Rita, Greiffenberg, Dominic, Gumprecht, Lars, Göttlicher, Peter, Hajdu, János, Hauf, Steffen, Heymann, Michael, Holmes, Susannah, Horke, Daniel A., Hunter, Mark S., Imlau, Siegfried, Kaukher, Alexander, Kim, Yoonhee, Klyuev, Alexander, Knoška, Juraj, Kobe, Bostjan, Kuhn, Manuela, Kupitz, Christopher, Küpper, Jochen, Lahey-Rudolph, Janine Mia, Laurus, Torsten, Le Cong, Karoline, Letrun, Romain, Xavier, Paulrajpillai Lourdu, Maia, Luis, Maia, Filipe R. N. C., Mariani, Valerio, Messerschmidt, Marc, Metz, Markus, Mezza, Davide, Michelat, Thomas, Mills, Grant, Monteiro, Diana C.F., Morgan, Andrew J., Mühlig, Kerstin, Munke, Anna, Münnich, Astrid, Nette, Julia, Nugent, Keith A., Nuguid, Theresa, Orville, Allen M., Pandey, Suraj, Pena, Gisel, Vilanueva-Pérez, Pablo, Pöhlsen, Jennifer, Previtali, Gianpietro, Redecke, Lars, Riekehr, Winnie Maria, Rohde, Holger, Round, Adam R., Safenreiter, Tatiana, Sarrou, Iosifina, Sato, Tokushi, Schmidt, Marius, Schmitt, Bernd, Schönherr, Robert, Schulz, Joachim, Sellberg, Jonas Alexander, Seibert, M. Marvin, Seuring, Carolin, Wiedorn, Max Oliver, Oberthür, Dominik, Bean, Richard, Schubert, Robin, Werner, Nadine, Abbey, Brian, Aepfelbacher, Martin, Adriano, Luigi, Allahgholi, Aschkan, Al-Qudami, Nasser, Andreasson, Jakob, Shelby, Megan L., Shoemann, Robert L., Sikorski, Marcin, Silenzi, Alessandro, Stan, Claudiu A., Shi, Xintian, Stern, Stephan, Sztuk-Dambietz, Jolanta, Szuba, Janusz, Tolstikova, Aleksandra, Aplin, Steven, Trebbin, Martin, Trunk, Ulrich, Vagovic, Patrik, Ve, Thomas, Weinhausen, Britta, White, Thomas A., Wrona, Krzysztof, Xu, Chen, Yefanov, Oleksandr, Zatsepin, Nadia, Awel, Salah, Zhang, Jiaguo, Perbandt, Markus, Mancuso, Adrian P., Betzel, Christian, Chapman, Henry N., Banty, Anton, Ayyer, Kartik, Bajt, Saša, Barák, Imrich, Bari, Sadia, Bielecki, Johan, Botha, Sabine, Boukhelef, Djelloul, Brehm, Wolfgang, Brockhauser, Sandor, Cheviakov, Igor, Coleman, Matthew A., Cruz-Mazo, Francisco, Danilevski, Cyril, Darmanin, Connie, Doak, R. Bruce, Domaracky, Martin, Dörner, Katerina Henrike, Du, Yang, Fangohr, Hans, Fleckenstein, Holger, Frank, Matthias, Fromme, Petra, Gañán-Calvo, Alfonso M., Gevorkov, Yaroslav, Giewekemeyer, Klaus, Ginn, Helen Mary, Graafsma, Heinz, Graceffa, Rita, Greiffenberg, Dominic, Gumprecht, Lars, Göttlicher, Peter, Hajdu, János, Hauf, Steffen, Heymann, Michael, Holmes, Susannah, Horke, Daniel A., Hunter, Mark S., Imlau, Siegfried, Kaukher, Alexander, Kim, Yoonhee, Klyuev, Alexander, Knoška, Juraj, Kobe, Bostjan, Kuhn, Manuela, Kupitz, Christopher, Küpper, Jochen, Lahey-Rudolph, Janine Mia, Laurus, Torsten, Le Cong, Karoline, Letrun, Romain, Xavier, Paulrajpillai Lourdu, Maia, Luis, Maia, Filipe R. N. C., Mariani, Valerio, Messerschmidt, Marc, Metz, Markus, Mezza, Davide, Michelat, Thomas, Mills, Grant, Monteiro, Diana C.F., Morgan, Andrew J., Mühlig, Kerstin, Munke, Anna, Münnich, Astrid, Nette, Julia, Nugent, Keith A., Nuguid, Theresa, Orville, Allen M., Pandey, Suraj, Pena, Gisel, Vilanueva-Pérez, Pablo, Pöhlsen, Jennifer, Previtali, Gianpietro, Redecke, Lars, Riekehr, Winnie Maria, Rohde, Holger, Round, Adam R., Safenreiter, Tatiana, Sarrou, Iosifina, Sato, Tokushi, Schmidt, Marius, Schmitt, Bernd, Schönherr, Robert, Schulz, Joachim, Sellberg, Jonas Alexander, Seibert, M. Marvin, and Seuring, Carolin

Abstract

The new European X-ray Free-Electron Laser is the first X-ray free-electron laser capable of delivering X-ray pulses with a megahertz inter-pulse spacing, more than four orders of magnitude higher than previously possible. However, to date, it has been unclear whether it would indeed be possible to measure high-quality diffraction data at megahertz pulse repetition rates. Here, we show that high-quality structures can indeed be obtained using currently available operating conditions at the European XFEL. We present two complete data sets, one from the well-known model system lysozyme and the other from a so far unknown complex of a β-lactamase from K. pneumoniae involved in antibiotic resistance. This result opens up megahertz serial femtosecond crystallography (SFX) as a tool for reliable structure determination, substrate screening and the efficient measurement of the evolution and dynamics of molecular structures using megahertz repetition rate pulses available at this new class of X-ray laser source.

Published
2018

23. Megahertz serial crystallography

Author

Wiedorn, Max O., Oberthuer, Dominik, Bean, Richard, Schubert, Robin, Werner, Nadine, Abbey, Brian, Aepfelbacher, Martin, Adriano, Luigi, Allahgholi, Aschkan, Al-Qudami, Nasser, Andreasson, Jakob, Aplin, Steve, Awel, Salah, Ayyer, Kartik, Bajt, Sasa, Barak, Imrich, Bari, Sadia, Bielecki, Johan, Botha, Sabine, Boukhelef, Djelloul, Brehm, Wolfgang, Brockhauser, Sandor, Cheviakov, Igor, Coleman, Matthew A., Cruz-Mazo, Francisco, Danilevski, Cyril, Darmanin, Connie, Doak, R. Bruce, Domaracky, Martin, Doerner, Katerina, Du, Yang, Fangohr, Hans, Fleckenstein, Holger, Frank, Matthias, Fromme, Petra, Ganan-Calvo, Alfonso M., Gevorkov, Yaroslav, Giewekemeyer, Klaus, Ginn, Helen Mary, Graafsma, Heinz, Graceffa, Rita, Greiffenberg, Dominic, Gumprecht, Lars, Goettlicher, Peter, Hajdu, Janos, Hauf, Steffen, Heymann, Michael, Holmes, Susannah, Horke, Daniel A., Hunter, Mark S., Imlau, Siegfried, Kaukher, Alexander, Kim, Yoonhee, Klyuev, Alexander, Knoska, Juraj, Kobe, Bostjan, Kuhn, Manuela, Kupitz, Christopher, Kueper, Jochen, Lahey-Rudolph, Janine Mia, Laurus, Torsten, Le Cong, Karoline, Letrun, Romain, Xavier, P. Lourdu, Maia, Luis, Maia, Filipe R.N.C., Mariani, Valerio, Messerschmidt, Marc, Metz, Markus, Mezza, Davide, Michelat, Thomas, Mills, Grant, Monteiro, Diana C. F., Morgan, Andrew, Mühlig, Kerstin, Munke, Anna, Muennich, Astrid, Nette, Julia, Nugent, Keith A., Nuguid, Theresa, Orville, Allen M., Pandey, Suraj, Pena, Gisel, Villanueva-Perez, Pablo, Poehlsen, Jennifer, Previtali, Gianpietro, Redecke, Lars, Riekehr, Winnie Maria, Rohde, Holger, Round, Adam, Safenreiter, Tatiana, Sarrou, Iosifina, Sato, Tokushi, Schmidt, Marius, Schmitt, Bernd, Schoenherr, Robert, Schulz, Joachim, Sellberg, Jonas A., Seibert, M. Marvin, Seuring, Carolin, Shelby, Megan L., Shoeman, Robert L., Sikorski, Marcin, Silenzi, Alessandro, Stan, Claudiu A., Shi, Xintian, Stern, Stephan, Sztuk-Dambietz, Jola, Szuba, Janusz, Tolstikova, Aleksandra, Trebbin, Martin, Trunk, Ulrich, Vagovic, Patrik, Ve, Thomas, Weinhausen, Britta, White, Thomas A., Wrona, Krzysztof, Xu, Chen, Yefanov, Oleksandr, Zatsepin, Nadia, Zhang, Jiaguo, Perbandt, Markus, Mancuso, Adrian P., Betzel, Christian, Chapman, Henry, Barty, Anton, Wiedorn, Max O., Oberthuer, Dominik, Bean, Richard, Schubert, Robin, Werner, Nadine, Abbey, Brian, Aepfelbacher, Martin, Adriano, Luigi, Allahgholi, Aschkan, Al-Qudami, Nasser, Andreasson, Jakob, Aplin, Steve, Awel, Salah, Ayyer, Kartik, Bajt, Sasa, Barak, Imrich, Bari, Sadia, Bielecki, Johan, Botha, Sabine, Boukhelef, Djelloul, Brehm, Wolfgang, Brockhauser, Sandor, Cheviakov, Igor, Coleman, Matthew A., Cruz-Mazo, Francisco, Danilevski, Cyril, Darmanin, Connie, Doak, R. Bruce, Domaracky, Martin, Doerner, Katerina, Du, Yang, Fangohr, Hans, Fleckenstein, Holger, Frank, Matthias, Fromme, Petra, Ganan-Calvo, Alfonso M., Gevorkov, Yaroslav, Giewekemeyer, Klaus, Ginn, Helen Mary, Graafsma, Heinz, Graceffa, Rita, Greiffenberg, Dominic, Gumprecht, Lars, Goettlicher, Peter, Hajdu, Janos, Hauf, Steffen, Heymann, Michael, Holmes, Susannah, Horke, Daniel A., Hunter, Mark S., Imlau, Siegfried, Kaukher, Alexander, Kim, Yoonhee, Klyuev, Alexander, Knoska, Juraj, Kobe, Bostjan, Kuhn, Manuela, Kupitz, Christopher, Kueper, Jochen, Lahey-Rudolph, Janine Mia, Laurus, Torsten, Le Cong, Karoline, Letrun, Romain, Xavier, P. Lourdu, Maia, Luis, Maia, Filipe R.N.C., Mariani, Valerio, Messerschmidt, Marc, Metz, Markus, Mezza, Davide, Michelat, Thomas, Mills, Grant, Monteiro, Diana C. F., Morgan, Andrew, Mühlig, Kerstin, Munke, Anna, Muennich, Astrid, Nette, Julia, Nugent, Keith A., Nuguid, Theresa, Orville, Allen M., Pandey, Suraj, Pena, Gisel, Villanueva-Perez, Pablo, Poehlsen, Jennifer, Previtali, Gianpietro, Redecke, Lars, Riekehr, Winnie Maria, Rohde, Holger, Round, Adam, Safenreiter, Tatiana, Sarrou, Iosifina, Sato, Tokushi, Schmidt, Marius, Schmitt, Bernd, Schoenherr, Robert, Schulz, Joachim, Sellberg, Jonas A., Seibert, M. Marvin, Seuring, Carolin, Shelby, Megan L., Shoeman, Robert L., Sikorski, Marcin, Silenzi, Alessandro, Stan, Claudiu A., Shi, Xintian, Stern, Stephan, Sztuk-Dambietz, Jola, Szuba, Janusz, Tolstikova, Aleksandra, Trebbin, Martin, Trunk, Ulrich, Vagovic, Patrik, Ve, Thomas, Weinhausen, Britta, White, Thomas A., Wrona, Krzysztof, Xu, Chen, Yefanov, Oleksandr, Zatsepin, Nadia, Zhang, Jiaguo, Perbandt, Markus, Mancuso, Adrian P., Betzel, Christian, Chapman, Henry, and Barty, Anton

Abstract

The new European X-ray Free-Electron Laser is the first X-ray free-electron laser capable of delivering X-ray pulses with a megahertz inter-pulse spacing, more than four orders of magnitude higher than previously possible. However, to date, it has been unclear whether it would indeed be possible to measure high-quality diffraction data at megahertz pulse repetition rates. Here, we show that high-quality structures can indeed be obtained using currently available operating conditions at the European XFEL. We present two complete data sets, one from the well-known model system lysozyme and the other from a so far unknown complex of a beta-lactamase from K. pneumoniae involved in antibiotic resistance. This result opens up megahertz serial femtosecond crystallography (SFX) as a tool for reliable structure determination, substrate screening and the efficient measurement of the evolution and dynamics of molecular structures using megahertz repetition rate pulses available at this new class of X-ray laser source.

Published
2018
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24. Development of the DEPFET Sensor With Signal Compression: A Large Format X-Ray Imager With Mega-Frame Readout Capability for the European XFEL

Author

Porro, Matteo, Andricek, Ladislav, Aschauer, Stefan, Bayer, Matthias, Becker, Julian, Bombelli, Luca, Castoldi, Andrea, DE VITA, Giulio, Diehl, Inge, Erdinger, Florian, Facchinetti, Stefano, Fiorini, Carlo, Fischer, Peter, Gerlach, Thomas, Graafsma, Heinz, Guazzoni, Chiara, Hansen, Karsten, Kalavakuru, Pradeep, Klär, Helmut, Kugel, Andreas, Lechner, Peter, Lemke, Martin, Lutz, Gerhard, Manghisoni, Massimo, Mezza, Davide, Müntefering, Dirk, Pietsch, Ullrich, Quartieri, Emanuele, Randall, Michael, Re, Valerio, Reckleben, Christian, Sandow, Christian, Soldat, Jan, Strüder, Lothar, Szymanski, Janusz, Weidenspointner, Georg, Wunderer, CORNELIA B., and Rea, Sofia

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, sezele, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, business.industry, Dynamic range, Detector, DEPFET, DSSC, X-ray detectors, X-ray free electron lasers, silicon radiation detectors, Mixed-signal integrated circuit, Large format, Frame rate, Settore ING-INF/01 - Elettronica, Nuclear Energy and Engineering, CMOS, Nuclear electronics, Optoelectronics, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, business, High dynamic range
Abstract

We present the development of the DSSC instrument: an ultra-high speed detector system for the new European XFEL in Hamburg. The DSSC will be able to record X-ray images with a maximum frame rate of 4.5 MHz. The system is based on a silicon pixel sensor with a DEPFET as a central amplifier structure and has detection efficiency close to 100% for X-rays from 0.5 keV up to 10 keV. The sensor will have a size of approximately 210 × 210 mm composed of 1024 × 1024 pixels with hexagonal shape. Two hundred fifty six mixed signal readout ASICs are bump-bonded to the detector. They are designed in 130 nm CMOS technology and provide full parallel readout. The signals coming from the sensor are processed by an analog filter, immediately digitized by 8-bit ADCs and locally stored in an SRAM, which is able to record at least 640 frames. In order to fit the dynamic range of about 104 photons of 1 keV per pixel into a reasonable output signal range, achieving at the same time single 1 keV photon resolution, a non-linear characteristic is required. The proposed DEPFET provides the needed dynamic range compression at the sensor level. The most exciting and challenging property is that the single 1 keV photon resolution and the high dynamic range are accomplished within the 220 ns frame rate of the system. The key properties and the main design concepts of the different building blocks of the system are discussed. Measurements with the analog front-end of the readout ASIC and a standard DEPFET have already shown a very low noise which makes it possible to achieve the targeted single photon resolution for 1 keV photons at 4.5 MHz and also for 0.5 keV photons at half of the speed. In the paper the new experimental results obtained coupling a single pixel to an 8 × 8 ASIC prototype are shown. This 8 × 8 ASIC comprises the complete readout chain from the analog front-end to the ADC and the memory. The characterization of a newly fabricated non-linear DEPFET is presented for the first time.

Published
2012

25. AGIPD, the Electronics for a High Speed X-ray Imagerat the Eu-XFEL

Author

Allahgholi, Aschkan, Becker, Julian, Hirsemann, Helmut, Jack, Stefanie, Klanner, Robert, Klyuev, Alexander, Krüger, H., Marras, Alessandro, Mezza, Davide, Mozzanica, A., Schmitt, Bernd, Schwandt, Joern, Bianco, Laura, Sheviakov, Igor, Shi, Xintian, Zhang, Jiaguo, Zimmer, Manfred, Delfs, Annette, dinapoli, R., Fretwurst, Eckhart, Goettlicher, Peter, Graafsma, Heinz, Greiffenberg, Dominic, and gronewald, M.

Subjects
ddc:530
Published
2015

26. Micrometer-resolution imaging using MÖNCH: towards G2-less grating interferometry

Author

Cartier, Sebastian, Kagias, Matias, Bergamaschi, Anna, Wang, Zhentian, Dinapoli, Roberto, Mozzanica, Aldo, Ramilli, Marco, Schmitt, Bernd, Brückner, Martin, Fröjdh, Erik, Greiffenberg, Dominic, Mayilyan, Davit, Mezza, Davide, Redford, Sophie, Ruder, Christian, Schädler, Lukas, Shi, Xintian, Thattil, Dhanya, Tinti, Gemma, Zhang, Jiaguo, Stampanoni, Marco, Cartier, Sebastian, Kagias, Matias, Bergamaschi, Anna, Wang, Zhentian, Dinapoli, Roberto, Mozzanica, Aldo, Ramilli, Marco, Schmitt, Bernd, Brückner, Martin, Fröjdh, Erik, Greiffenberg, Dominic, Mayilyan, Davit, Mezza, Davide, Redford, Sophie, Ruder, Christian, Schädler, Lukas, Shi, Xintian, Thattil, Dhanya, Tinti, Gemma, Zhang, Jiaguo, and Stampanoni, Marco

Published
2016

27. AGIPD, the electronics for a high speed X-rayimager at the Eu-XFEL

Author

Goettlicher, Peter, Allahgholi, Aschkan, henrich, beat, Hirsemann, Helmut, Jack, Stefanie, Klanner, Robert, Klyuev, Alexander, Krueger, Hans, Marras, Alessandro, Mezza, Davide, Mozzanico, Aldo, Sheviakov, Igor, Becker, Julian, Schmitt, Bernd, Schwandt, Joern, Shi, Xintian, Trunk, Ulrich, Xia, Qingqing, Zhang, Jiaguo, Zimmer, Manfred, Bianco, Laura, Delfs, Annette, dinapoli, roberto, Fretwurst, Eckhart, Graafsma, Heinz, Greiffenberg, Dominic, and Gronewald, Marcus

Abstract

The AGIPD (Adaptive Gain Integrated Pixel Detector) X-ray imaging camera will operateat the X-ray Free Electron Laser, Eu-XFEL, under construction in Hamburg, Germany.Key parameters are 1Mega 200μm square pixels, single 12.4 keV photon detection anda dynamic range to 10000/pixel/image. The developed sensors, ASICs, PCB-electronicsand FPGA-firmware acquire individual images per bunch at 27000 bunches/s, packed into10 bunch-trains/s with a bunch separation of 220 ns. Bunch-trains are handled by 352analogue storage cells within each pixel of the ASIC and written to written during the0.6msec train delivery. Random addressing provides reusability of each cell after an imagehas been declared as low-quality. Digitization is performed between trains (99.4 msec).The talk will introduce all functional blocks, concentrating on the DAQ-chain PCB-electronics:a dense area of 1024 ADC-channels, each with a pickup-noise filtering and sampling ofup to 50 MS/s/ADC and a serial output of 700 Mbit/s/ADC. FPGAs operate the ASICssynchronized to the bunch structure and collect the bit streams from 64 ADCs/FPGA.Pre-sorted data is transmitted on 10 GbE links out of the camera head using the timebetween trains. The control and monitoring of the camera with 700 A current consumptionis based on a micro-controller and I2C bus with an addressing architecture allowing manydevices and identical modules. The high currents require planned return paths at the systemlevel. First experimental experience of the constructed components will be presented.

Published
2014

28. Vertically Integrated Circuits: Example of an Application to an x-ray Detector

Author

Marras, Alessandro, Allahgholi, Aschkan, Zimmer, Manfred, Graafsma, Heinz, Schmitt, Bernd, Greiffenberg, Dominic, Mezza, Davide, Shi, Xintian, Klanner, Robert, Delfs, Annette, Goettlicher, Peter, Klyuev, Alexander, Jack, Stefanie, Sheviakov, Igor, Trunk, Ulrich, Xia, Qingqing, and Zhang, Jiaguo

Abstract

Replacing planar circuits with vertically integratedones allows to increment circuit functionalities on a given siliconarea, while avoiding some of the problems associated withaggressively scaled technology nodes. This is particularly true forapplications likely to subject circuits to high doses of ionizingradiation (such of x-ray detectors to be used in synchrotron ringsand Free Electron Lasers), since the degradation mechanisms ofsome of the innovative materials to be used in most recent nodeshave not been fully characterized yet. In this paper, an evolutionis presented for the readout ASIC of a pixelated x-ray detector tobe used for such applications. The readout circuit is distributedin a stack of two vertically interconnected tiers, thus doubling thecircuitry resident in each pixel without increasing the pixel pitch(and thus compromising spatial resolution of the detector). A firstprototype has been designed and manufactured, using acommercial 130nm CMOS technology. Design issues arediscussed, along with preliminary characterization results.

Published
2014

29. Micrometer-resolution imaging using MÖNCH: towards G2-less grating interferometry

Author

Cartier, Sebastian, primary, Kagias, Matias, additional, Bergamaschi, Anna, additional, Wang, Zhentian, additional, Dinapoli, Roberto, additional, Mozzanica, Aldo, additional, Ramilli, Marco, additional, Schmitt, Bernd, additional, Brückner, Martin, additional, Fröjdh, Erik, additional, Greiffenberg, Dominic, additional, Mayilyan, Davit, additional, Mezza, Davide, additional, Redford, Sophie, additional, Ruder, Christian, additional, Schädler, Lukas, additional, Shi, Xintian, additional, Thattil, Dhanya, additional, Tinti, Gemma, additional, Zhang, Jiaguo, additional, and Stampanoni, Marco, additional

Published
2016
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31. Detector developments at DESY

Author

Wunderer, Cornelia B., primary, Allahgholi, Aschkan, additional, Bayer, Matthias, additional, Bianco, Laura, additional, Correa, Jonathan, additional, Delfs, Annette, additional, Göttlicher, Peter, additional, Hirsemann, Helmut, additional, Jack, Stefanie, additional, Klyuev, Alexander, additional, Lange, Sabine, additional, Marras, Alessandro, additional, Niemann, Magdalena, additional, Pithan, Florian, additional, Reza, Salim, additional, Sheviakov, Igor, additional, Smoljanin, Sergej, additional, Tennert, Maximilian, additional, Trunk, Ulrich, additional, Xia, Qingqing, additional, Zhang, Jiaguo, additional, Zimmer, Manfred, additional, Das, Dipayan, additional, Guerrini, Nicola, additional, Marsh, Ben, additional, Sedgwick, Iain, additional, Turchetta, Renato, additional, Cautero, Giuseppe, additional, Giuressi, Dario, additional, Menk, Ralf, additional, Khromova, Anastasiya, additional, Pinaroli, Giovanni, additional, Stebel, Luigi, additional, Marchal, Julien, additional, Pedersen, Ulrik, additional, Rees, Nick, additional, Steadman, Paul, additional, Sussmuth, Mark, additional, Tartoni, Nicola, additional, Yousef, Hazem, additional, Hyun, HyoJung, additional, Kim, KyungSook, additional, Rah, Seungyu, additional, Dinapoli, Roberto, additional, Greiffenberg, Dominic, additional, Mezza, Davide, additional, Mozzanica, Aldo, additional, Schmitt, Bernd, additional, Shi, Xintian, additional, Krueger, Hans, additional, Klanner, Robert, additional, Schwandt, Joem, additional, and Graafsma, Heinz, additional

Published
2016
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33. AGIPD, the electronics for a high speed X-ray imager at the Eu-XFEL

Author

Goettlicher, Peter, primary, Allahgholi, Aschkan, additional, Becker, Julian, additional, Bianco, Laura, additional, Delfs, Annette, additional, Dinapoli, Roberto, additional, Fretwurst, E., additional, Graafsma, Heinz, additional, Greiffenberg, Dominic, additional, Gronewald, Marcus, additional, Hirsemann, Helmut, additional, Jack, Stefanie, additional, Klanner, Robert, additional, Alexander, Klyuev, additional, Krueger, Hans, additional, Marras, Alessandro, additional, Mezza, Davide, additional, Mozzanica, Aldo, additional, Schmitt, Bernd, additional, Schwandt, Jörn, additional, Sheviakov, Igor, additional, Shi, Xintian, additional, Xia, Qingqing, additional, Zhang, Jiaguo, additional, and Zimmer, Manfred, additional

Published
2015
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34. Micrometer-resolution imaging using MÖNCH: towards G2-less grating interferometry.

Author

Cartier, Sebastian, Kagias, Matias, Bergamaschi, Anna, Wang, Zhentian, Dinapoli, Roberto, Mozzanica, Aldo, Ramilli, Marco, Schmitt, Bernd, Brückner, Martin, Fröjdh, Erik, Greiffenberg, Dominic, Mayilyan, Davit, Mezza, Davide, Redford, Sophie, Ruder, Christian, Schädler, Lukas, Shi, Xintian, Thattil, Dhanya, Tinti, Gemma, and Zhang, Jiaguo

Subjects
SYNCHROTRONS, LAUE experiment, PIXELS, PHOTONS, INTERPOLATION algorithms, INTERFEROMETRY
Abstract

MÖNCH is a 25 µm-pitch charge-integrating detector aimed at exploring the limits of current hybrid silicon detector technology. The small pixel size makes it ideal for high-resolution imaging. With an electronic noise of about 110 eV r.m.s., it opens new perspectives for many synchrotron applications where currently the detector is the limiting factor, e.g. inelastic X-ray scattering, Laue diffraction and soft X-ray or high-resolution color imaging. Due to the small pixel pitch, the charge cloud generated by absorbed X-rays is shared between neighboring pixels for most of the photons. Therefore, at low photon fluxes, interpolation algorithms can be applied to determine the absorption position of each photon with a resolution of the order of 1 µm. In this work, the characterization results of one of the MÖNCH prototypes are presented under low-flux conditions. A custom interpolation algorithm is described and applied to the data to obtain high-resolution images. Images obtained in grating interferometry experiments without the use of the absorption grating G2 are shown and discussed. Perspectives for the future developments of the MÖNCH detector are also presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2016
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37. Megahertz serial crystallography

Author

Wiedorn, Max Oliver, Oberth��r, Dominik, Bean, Richard, Schubert, Robin, Werner, Nadine, Abbey, Brian, Aepfelbacher, Martin, Adriano, Luigi, Allahgholi, Aschkan, Al-Qudami, Nasser, Andreasson, Jakob, Horke, Daniel A., Hunter, Mark S., Imlau, Siegfried, Kaukher, Alexander, Kim, Yoonhee, Klyuev, Alexander, Kno��ka, Juraj, Kobe, Bostjan, Kuhn, Manuela, Kupitz, Christopher, M��hlig, Kerstin, K��pper, Jochen, Lahey-Rudolph, Janine Mia, Laurus, Torsten, Le Cong, Karoline, Letrun, Romain, Xavier, Paulrajpillai Lourdu, Maia, Luis, Maia, Filipe R. N. C., Mariani, Valerio, Messerschmidt, Marc, Munke, Anna, Metz, Markus, Mezza, Davide, Michelat, Thomas, Mills, Grant, Monteiro, Diana C.F., Morgan, Andrew J., M��nnich, Astrid, Nette, Julia, Nugent, Keith A., Nuguid, Theresa, Orville, Allen M., Pandey, Suraj, Pena, Gisel, Villanueva-Perez, Pablo, Shelby, Megan L., P��hlsen, Jennifer, Previtali, Gianpietro, Redecke, Lars, Riekehr, Winnie Maria, Rohde, Holger, Round, Adam R., Safenreiter, Tatiana, Sarrou, Iosifina, Sato, Tokushi, Schmidt, Marius, Shoemann, Robert L., Schmitt, Bernd, Sch��nherr, Robert, Schulz, Joachim, Sellberg, Jonas Alexander, Seibert, M. Marvin, Seuring, Carolin, Sikorski, Marcin, Silenzi, Alessandro, Stan, Claudiu A., Shi, Xintian, Stern, Stephan, Sztuk-Dambietz, Jolanta, Szuba, Janusz, Tolstikova, Aleksandra, Aplin, Steven, Trebbin, Martin, Trunk, Ulrich, Vagovic, Patrik, Ve, Thomas, Weinhausen, Britta, White, Thomas A., Wrona, Krzysztof, Xu, Chen, Yefanov, Oleksandr, Zatsepin, Nadia, Awel, Salah, Zhang, Jiaguo, Perbandt, Markus, Mancuso, Adrian P., Betzel, Christian, Chapman, Henry N., Banty, Anton, Ayyer, Kartik, Bajt, Sa��a, Bar��k, Imrich, Bari, Sadia, Bielecki, Johan, Botha, Sabine, Boukhelef, Djelloul, Brehm, Wolfgang, Brockhauser, Sandor, Cheviakov, Igor, Coleman, Matthew A., Cruz-Mazo, Francisco, Danilevski, Cyril, Darmanin, Connie, Doak, R. Bruce, Domaracky, Martin, D��rner, Katerina Henrike, Du, Yang, Fangohr, Hans, Fleckenstein, Holger, Frank, Matthias, Fromme, Petra, Ga����n-Calvo, Alfonso M., Gevorkov, Yaroslav, Giewekemeyer, Klaus, Ginn, Helen Mary, Graafsma, Heinz, Graceffa, Rita, Greiffenberg, Dominic, Gumprecht, Lars, G��ttlicher, Peter, Hajdu, J��nos, Hauf, Steffen, Heymann, Michael, and Holmes, Susannah

Subjects
600: Technik, 3. Good health
Abstract

The new European X-ray Free-Electron Laser is the first X-ray free-electron laser capable of delivering X-ray pulses with a megahertz inter-pulse spacing, more than four orders of magnitude higher than previously possible. However, to date, it has been unclear whether it would indeed be possible to measure high-quality diffraction data at megahertz pulse repetition rates. Here, we show that high-quality structures can indeed be obtained using currently available operating conditions at the European XFEL. We present two complete data sets, one from the well-known model system lysozyme and the other from a so far unknown complex of a ��-lactamase from K. pneumoniae involved in antibiotic resistance. This result opens up megahertz serial femtosecond crystallography (SFX) as a tool for reliable structure determination, substrate screening and the efficient measurement of the evolution and dynamics of molecular structures using megahertz repetition rate pulses available at this new class of X-ray laser source.

38. Megahertz serial crystallography

Author

Wiedorn, Max O., Oberthür, Dominik, Bean, Richard, Schubert, Robin, Werner, Nadine, Abbey, Brian, Aepfelbacher, Martin, Adriano, Luigi, Allah Gholi, Aschkan, Al-Qudami, Nasser, Andreasson, Jakob, Aplin, Steve, Awel, Salah, Ayyer, Kartik, Bajt, Saša, Barák, Imrich, Bari, Sadia, Bielecki, Johan, Botha, Sabine, Boukhelef, Djelloul, Brehm, Wolfgang, Brockhauser, Sandor, Cheviakov, Igor, Coleman, Matthew A., Cruz-Mazo, Francisco, Danilevski, Cyril, Darmanin, Connie, Doak, R. Bruce, Domaracky, Martin, Dörner, Katerina, Du, Yang, Fangohr, Hans, Fleckenstein, Holger, Frank, Matthias, Fromme, Petra, Gañán-Calvo, Alfonso M., Gevorkov, Yaroslav, Giewekemeyer, Klaus, Ginn, Helen, Graafsma, Heinz, Graceffa, Rita, Greiffenberg, Dominic, Gumprecht, Lars, Göttlicher, Peter, Hajdu, Janos, Hauf, Steffen, Heymann, Michael, Holmes, Susannah, Horke, Daniel A., Hunter, Mark S., Imlau, Siegfried, Kaukher, Alexander, Kim, Yoonhee, Klyuev, Alexander, Knoska, Juraj, Kobe, Bostjan, Kuhn, Manuela, Kupitz, Christopher, Küpper, Jochen, Lahey-Rudolph, Janine Mia, Laurus, Torsten, Le Cong, Karoline, Letrun, Romain, Xavier, P. Lourdu, Maia, Luis, Maia, Filipe R. N. C., Mariani, Valerio, Messerschmidt, Marc, Metz, Markus, Mezza, Davide, Michelat, Thomas, Mills, Grant, Monteiro, Diana, Morgan, Andrew, Mühlig, Kerstin, Munke, Anna, Münnich, Astrid, Nette, Julia, Nugent, Keith A., Nuguid, Theresa, Orville, Allen M., Pandey, Suraj, Pena, Gisel, Villanueva-Perez, Pablo, Poehlsen, Jennifer, Previtali, Gianpietro, Redecke, Lars, Riekehr, Winnie Maria, Rohde, Holger, Round, Adam, Safenreiter, Tatiana, Sarrou, Iosifina, Sato, Tokushi, Schmidt, Marius, Schmitt, Bernd, Schönherr, Robert, Schulz, Joachim, Sellberg, Jonas A., Seibert, M. Marvin, Seuring, Carolin, Shelby, Megan L., Shoeman, Robert L., Sikorski, Marcin, Silenzi, Alessandro, Stan, Claudiu A., Shi, Xintian, Stern, Stephan, Sztuk-Dambietz, Jola, Szuba, Janusz, Tolstikova, Aleksandra, Trebbin, Martin, Trunk, Ulrich, Vagovic, Patrik, Ve, Thomas, Weinhausen, Britta, White, Thomas A., Wrona, Krzysztof, Xu, Chen, Yefanov, Oleksandr, Zatsepin, Nadia, Zhang, Jiaguo, Perbandt, Markus, Mancuso, Adrian, Betzel, Christian, Chapman, Henry, and Barty, Anton

Subjects
3. Good health
Abstract

Nature Communications 9(1), 4025 (2018). doi:doi.org/10.1038/s41467-018-06156-7, The new European X-ray Free-Electron Laser is the first X-ray free-electron laser capable of delivering X-ray pulses with a megahertz inter-pulse spacing, more than four orders of magnitude higher than previously possible. However, to date, it has been unclear whether it would indeed be possible to measure high-quality diffraction data at megahertz pulse repetition rates. Here, we show that high-quality structures can indeed be obtained using currently available operating conditions at the European XFEL. We present two complete data sets, one from the well-known model system lysozyme and the other from a so far unknown complex of a β-lactamase from K. pneumoniae involved in antibiotic resistance. This result opens up megahertz serial femtosecond crystallography (SFX) as a tool for reliable structure determination, substrate screening and the efficient measurement of the evolution and dynamics of molecular structures using megahertz repetition rate pulses available at this new class of X-ray laser source., Published by Nature Publishing Group, London

39. Megahertz serial crystallography

Author

Wiedorn, Max O., Oberthür, Dominik, Bean, Richard, Schubert, Robin, Werner, Nadine, Abbey, Brian, Aepfelbacher, Martin, Adriano, Luigi, Allahgholi, Aschkan, Al-Qudami, Nasser, Andreasson, Jakob, Aplin, Steve, Awel, Salah, Ayyer, Kartik, Bajt, Saša, Barak, Imrich, Bari, Sadia, Bielecki, Johan, Botha, Sabine, Boukhelef, Djelloul, Brehm, Wolfgang, Brockhauser, Sandor, Cheviakov, Igor, Coleman, Matthew A., Cruz-Mazo, Francisco, Danilevski, Cyril, Darmanin, Connie, Doak, R. Bruce, Domaracky, Martin, Dörner, Katerina, Du, Yang, Fangohr, Hans, Fleckenstein, Holger, Frank, Matthias, Fromme, Petra, Ganan-Calvo, Alfonso, Gevorkov, Yaroslav, Giewekemeyer, Klaus, Ginn, Helen, Graafsma, Heinz, Graceffa, Rita, Greiffenberg, Dominic, Gumprecht, Lars, Göttlicher, Peter, Hajdu, Janos, Hauf, Steffen, Heymann, Michael, Holmes, Susannah, Horke, Daniel A., Hunter, Mark S., Imlau, Siegfried, Kaukher, Alexander, Kim, Yoonhee, Klyuev, Alexander, Knoska, Juraj, Kobe, Bostjan, Kuhn, Manuela, Kupitz, Christopher, Küpper, Jochen, Lahey-Rudolph, Janine Mia, Laurus, Torsten, Le Cong, Karoline, Letrun, Romain, Xavier, P. Lourdu, Maia, Luis, Maia, Filipe R. N. C., Mariani, Valerio, Messerschmidt, Marc, Metz, Markus, Mezza, Davide, Michelat, Thomas, Mills, Grant, Monteiro, Diana, Morgan, Andrew, Mühlig, Kerstin, Munke, Anna, Münnich, Astrid, Nette, Julia, Nugent, Keith, Nuguid, Theresa, Orville, Allen, Pandey, Suraj, Pena, Gisel, Villanueva-Perez, Pablo, Poehlsen, Jennifer, Previtali, Gianpietro, Redecke, Lars, Riekehr, Winnie Maria, Rohde, Holger, Round, Adam, Safenreiter, Tatiana, Sarrou, Iosifina, Sato, Tokushi, Schmidt, Marius, Schmitt, Bernd, Schönherr, Robert, Schulz, Joachim, Sellberg, Jonas, Seibert, M. Marvin, Seuring, Carolin, Shelby, Megan, Shoeman, Robert, Sikorski, Marcin, Silenzi, Alessandro, Stan, Claudiu, Shi, Xintian, Stern, Stephan, Sztuk-Dambietz, Jola, Szuba, Janusz, Tolstikova, Aleksandra, Trebbin, Martin, Trunk, Ulrich, Vagovic, Patrik, Ve, Thomas, Weinhausen, Britta, White, Thomas A., Wrona, Krzysztof, Xu, Chen, Yefanov, Oleksandr, Zatsepin, Nadia, Zhang, Jiaguo, Perbandt, Markus, Mancuso, Adrian P., Betzel, Christian, Chapman, Henry, and Barty, Anton

Subjects
3. Good health
Abstract

Nature Communications 9(1), 4025 (2018). doi:10.1038/s41467-018-06156-7, The new European X-ray Free-Electron Laser is the first X-ray free-electron laser capable of delivering X-ray pulses with a megahertz inter-pulse spacing, more than four orders of magnitude higher than previously possible. However, to date, it has been unclear whether it would indeed be possible to measure high-quality diffraction data at megahertz pulse repetition rates. Here, we show that high-quality structures can indeed be obtained using currently available operating conditions at the European XFEL. We present two complete data sets, one from the well-known model system lysozyme and the other from a so far unknown complex of a β-lactamase from K. pneumoniae involved in antibiotic resistance. This result opens up megahertz serial femtosecond crystallography (SFX) as a tool for reli- able structure determination, substrate screening and the efficient measurement of the evolution and dynamics of molecular structures using megahertz repetition rate pulses available at this new class of X-ray laser source., Published by Nature Publishing Group, London

40. High-spatial resolution measurements with a GaAs:Cr sensor using the charge integrating MÖNCH detector with a pixel pitch of 25 μm

Author

Chiriotti, Sabina, Barten, Rebecca, Bergamaschi, Anna, Carulla, M., Chsherbakov, Ivan, Dinapoli, Roberto, Fröjdh, Erik, Greiffenberg, Dominic, Hasanaj, Shqipe, Hinger, V., King, T., Kozlowski, Pawel, López-Cuenca, Carlos, Lozinskaya, Anastassiya D., Marone, F., Mezza, Davide, Moustakas, K., Mozzanica, Aldo, Ruder, Christian, Schmitt, Bernd, Thattil, Dhanya, Tolbanov, Oleg P., Tyazhev, Anton V., Zarubin, Andrei N., Zhang, J., and Brückner, Martin

Subjects
детекторы рентгеновского излучения, обработка изображения, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Instrumentation, гибридные детекторы, Mathematical Physics
Abstract

The aim of this project is to determine the imaging capabilities of a 25 μm pixel pitch GaAs:Cr sensor of 500 μm thickness bump-bonded to the charge integrating MÖNCH 03 readout chip (also called GaAs-MÖNCH assembly) and to assess the possibility to improve the spatial resolution by applying a position interpolation algorithm developed at PSI. Measurements were performed at the TOMCAT beamline of the Swiss Light Source (SLS) using photon beams in the energy range of 10–30 keV. The imaging experiments indicate the possibility to enhance the spatial resolution of the detector beyond its actual physical pixel pitch. We have quantified the spatial resolution of a GaAs-MÖNCH assembly by means of the modulation transfer function (MTF), achieving 10 μm at 10 keV and 12 μm at 20 keV photon energies. By applying a modified interpolation algorithm, a spatial resolution of ∼5 μm was obtained for 16 keV when binning to 2.5 μm virtual pixels, while with the silicon-MÖNCH assembly, we achieved a spatial resolution of 3.5 μm, which serves as gold standard. The results are promising because they open new possibilities to perform imaging measurements using the GaAs-MÖNCH assembly at photon energies above 15 keV, where silicon sensors suffer from a diminishing quantum efficiency.

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41. Detector developments at DESY

Author

D. Das, P. Gottlicher, A. Allahgholi, Davide Mezza, I. Sheviakov, G. Pinaroli, A. Delfs, Helmut Hirsemann, Nicola Tartoni, Heinz Graafsma, S. Jack, B. Marsh, Renato Turchetta, Dominic Greiffenberg, Bernd Schmitt, Aldo Mozzanica, Seungyu Rah, M. Tennert, Anastasiya Khromova, KyungSook Kim, Cornelia B. Wunderer, A. Klyuev, U. Pedersen, Alessandro Marras, Giuseppe Cautero, M. Niemann, M. Bayer, Q. Xia, Nicola Guerrini, M. Zimmer, Dario Giuressi, Hans Krueger, Joem Schwandt, Salim Reza, S. Lange, Paul Steadman, J. Correa, Florian Pithan, Robert Klanner, Roberto Dinapoli, Xintian Shi, Ralf Menk, J. Marchal, J. Zhang, U. Trunk, Hazem Yousef, S. Smoljanin, Mark Sussmuth, L. Stebel, N. Rees, L. Bianco, HyoJung Hyun, I. Sedgwick, Wunderer, Cornelia B., Allahgholi, Aschkan, Bayer, Matthia, Bianco, Laura, Correa, Jonathan, Delfs, Annette, Gottlicher, Peter, Hirsemann, Helmut, Jack, Stefanie, Klyuev, Alexander, Lange, Sabine, Marras, Alessandro, Niemann, Magdalena, Pithan, Florian, Reza, Salim, Sheviakov, Igor, Smoljanin, Sergej, Tennert, Maximilian, Trunk, Ulrich, Xia, Qingqing, Zhang, Jiaguo, Zimmer, Manfred, Das, Dipayan, Guerrini, Nicola, Marsh, Ben, Sedgwick, Iain, Turchetta, Renato, Cautero, Giuseppe, Giuressi, Dario, Menk, Ralf, Khromova, Anastasiya, Pinaroli, Giovanni, Stebel, Luigi, Marchal, Julien, Pedersen, Ulrik, Rees, Nick, Steadman, Paul, Sussmuth, Mark, Tartoni, Nicola, Yousef, Hazem, Hyun, Hyojung, Kim, Kyungsook, Rah, Seungyu, Dinapoli, Roberto, Greiffenberg, Dominic, Mezza, Davide, Mozzanica, Aldo, Schmitt, Bernd, Shi, Xintian, Krueger, Han, Klanner, Robert, Schwandt, Joem, and Graafsma, Heinz

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Photon, FEL, high frame rate, Imaging detector, soft X-ray, Instrumentation, Radiation, Computer science, Extreme ultraviolet lithography, Synchrotron radiation, 01 natural sciences, Optics, 0103 physical sciences, medicine, Medical physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physic, 010302 applied physics, Pixel, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, business.industry, Dynamic range, Detector, DESY, Frame rate, business
Abstract

With the increased brilliance of state-of-the-art synchrotron radiation sources and the advent of free-electron lasers (FELs) enabling revolutionary science with EUV to X-ray photons comes an urgent need for suitable photon imaging detectors. Requirements include high frame rates, very large dynamic range, single-photon sensitivity with low probability of false positives and (multi)-megapixels. At DESY, one ongoing development project – in collaboration with RAL/STFC, Elettra Sincrotrone Trieste, Diamond, and Pohang Accelerator Laboratory – is the CMOS-based soft X-ray imager PERCIVAL. PERCIVAL is a monolithic active-pixel sensor back-thinned to access its primary energy range of 250 eV to 1 keV with target efficiencies above 90%. According to preliminary specifications, the roughly 10 cm × 10 cm, 3.5k × 3.7k monolithic sensor will operate at frame rates up to 120 Hz (commensurate with most FELs) and use multiple gains within 27 µm pixels to measure 1 to ∼100000 (500 eV) simultaneously arriving photons. DESY is also leading the development of the AGIPD, a high-speed detector based on hybrid pixel technology intended for use at the European XFEL. This system is being developed in collaboration with PSI, University of Hamburg, and University of Bonn. The AGIPD allows single-pulse imaging at 4.5 MHz frame rate into a 352-frame buffer, with a dynamic range allowing single-photon detection and detection of more than 10000 photons at 12.4 keV in the same image. Modules of 65k pixels each are configured to make up (multi)megapixel cameras. This review describes the AGIPD and the PERCIVAL concepts and systems, including some recent results and a summary of their current status. It also gives a short overview over other FEL-relevant developments where the Photon Science Detector Group at DESY is involved.

Published
2015

42. Micrometer-resolution imaging using MÖNCH: towards G 2 -less grating interferometry.

Author

Cartier S, Kagias M, Bergamaschi A, Wang Z, Dinapoli R, Mozzanica A, Ramilli M, Schmitt B, Brückner M, Fröjdh E, Greiffenberg D, Mayilyan D, Mezza D, Redford S, Ruder C, Schädler L, Shi X, Thattil D, Tinti G, Zhang J, and Stampanoni M

Abstract

MÖNCH is a 25 µm-pitch charge-integrating detector aimed at exploring the limits of current hybrid silicon detector technology. The small pixel size makes it ideal for high-resolution imaging. With an electronic noise of about 110 eV r.m.s., it opens new perspectives for many synchrotron applications where currently the detector is the limiting factor, e.g. inelastic X-ray scattering, Laue diffraction and soft X-ray or high-resolution color imaging. Due to the small pixel pitch, the charge cloud generated by absorbed X-rays is shared between neighboring pixels for most of the photons. Therefore, at low photon fluxes, interpolation algorithms can be applied to determine the absorption position of each photon with a resolution of the order of 1 µm. In this work, the characterization results of one of the MÖNCH prototypes are presented under low-flux conditions. A custom interpolation algorithm is described and applied to the data to obtain high-resolution images. Images obtained in grating interferometry experiments without the use of the absorption grating G 2 are shown and discussed. Perspectives for the future developments of the MÖNCH detector are also presented.

Published
2016
Full Text
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