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14. Identification of the co-existence of low total organic carbon contents and low pH values in agricultural soil in north-central Europe using hot spot analysis based on GEMAS project data

Author

Xu, Haofan, Demetriades, Alecos, Reimann, Clemens, Jimenez, Juan J., Filser, Juliane, Zhang, Chaosheng, Albanese, S., Andersson, M., Baritz, R., Batista, M. J., Bel-lan, A., Birke, M., Cicchella, D., De Vivo, B., De Vos, W., Dinelli, E., Duris, M., Dusza-Dobek, A., Eklund, M., Ernstsen, V, Filzmoser, P., Flem, B., Flight, D. M. A., Forrester, S., Fuchs, M., Fugedi, U., Gilucis, A., Gosar, M., Gregorauskiene, V, De Groot, W., Gulan, A., Halamic, J., Haslinger, E., Hayoz, P., Hoffmann, R., Hoogewerff, J., Hrvatovic, H., Husnjak, S., Janik, L., Jordan, G., Kirby, J., Klos, V, Krone, F., Kwecko, P., Kuti, L., Ladenberger, A., Lima, A., Locutura, J., Lucivjansky, P., Mann, A., Mackovych, D., McLaughlin, M., Malyuk, B., I, Maquil, R., Matschullat, J., Meuli, R. G., Mol, G., Negrel, P., O'Connor, P., Oorts, K., Pasieczna, A., Petersell, V, Pfleiderer, S., Ponavic, M., Prazeres, C., Rauch, U., Radusinovic, S., Sadeghi, M., Salpeteur, I, Scanlon, R., Schedl, A., Scheib, A., Schoeters, I, Sellersjo, E., Slaninka, I, Soriano-Disla, J. M., Sorsa, A., Svrkota, R., Stafilov, T., Tarvainen, T., Trendavilov, V, Valera, P., Verougstraete, V., Vidojevi, D., Zissimos, A., Zomeni, Z., Xu H., Demetriades A., Reimann C., Jimenez J.J., Filser J., Zhang C., GEMAS Project Team: Albanese S., Andersson M., Baritz R., Batista M.J., Bel-lan A., Birke M., Cicchella D., De Vivo B., De Vos W., Dinelli E., Ďuriš M., Dusza-Dobek A., Eklund M., Ernstsen V., Filzmoser P., Flem B., Flight D.M.A., Forrester S., Fuchs M., Fügedi U., Gilucis A., Gosar M., Gregorauskiene V., De Groot W., Gulan A., Halamić J., Haslinger E., Hayoz P., Hoffmann R., Hoogewerff J., Hrvatovic H., Husnjak S., Janik L., Jordan G., Kirby J., Klos V., Krone F., Kwecko P., Kuti L., Ladenberger A., Lima A., Locutura J., Lucivjansky P., Mann A., Mackovych D., McLaughlin M., Malyuk B.I., Maquil R., Matschullat J., Meuli R.G., Mol G., Négrel P., O'Connor P., Oorts K., Pasieczna A., Petersell V., Pfleiderer S., Poňavič M., Prazeres C., Rauch U., Radusinović S., Sadeghi M., Salpeteur I., Scanlon R., Schedl A., Scheib A., Schoeters I., Sellersjö E., Slaninka I., Soriano-Disla J.M., Šorša A., Svrkota R., Stafilov T., Tarvainen T., Trendavilov V., Valera P., Verougstraete V., Vidojević D., Zissimos A., Zomeni Z., Haofan, Xu, Alecos, Demetriade, Clemens, Reimann, Juan J, Jiménez, Juliane, Filser, Chaosheng, Zhang, Albanese, S., Andersson, M., Baritz, R., Batista, M. J., Bel-lan, A., Birke, M., Cicchella, D., De Vivo, B., De Vos, W., Dinelli, E., Ďuriš, M., Dusza-Dobek, A., Eklund, M., Ernstsen, V., Filzmoser, P., Flem, B., Flight, D. M. A., Forrester, S., Fuchs, M., Fügedi, U., Gilucis, A., Gosar, M., Gregorauskiene, V., De Groot, W., Gulan, A., Halamić, J., Haslinger, E., Hayoz, P., Hoffmann, R., Hoogewerff, J., Hrvatovic, H., Husnjak, S., Janik, L., Jordan, G., Kirby, J., Klos, V., Krone, F., Kwecko, P., Kuti, L., Ladenberger, A., Lima, A., Locutura, J., Lucivjansky, P., Mann, A., Mackovych, D., Mclaughlin, M., Malyuk, B. I., Maquil, R., Matschullat, J., Meuli, R. G., Mol, G., Négrel, P., O'Connor, P., Oorts, K., Pasieczna, A., Petersell, V., Pfleiderer, S., Poňavič, M., Prazeres, C., Rauch, U., Radusinović, S., Sadeghi, M., Salpeteur, I., Scanlon, R., Schedl, A., Scheib, A., Schoeters, I., Sellersjö, E., Slaninka, I., Soriano-Disla, J. M., Šorša, A., Svrkota, R., Stafilov, T., Tarvainen, T., Trendavilov, V., Valera, P., Verougstraete, V., Vidojević, D., Zissimos, A., and Zomeni, Z.

Subjects
Pollution, Environmental Engineering, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Hot spot analysis, Hot spot analysi, media_common.quotation_subject, Hot spot (veterinary medicine), 010501 environmental sciences, 01 natural sciences, GEMAS, chemistry.chemical_compound, Environmental Chemistry, European agricultural soil, TOC, pH, Waste Management and Disposal, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, media_common, Total organic carbon, North central, business.industry, chemistry, Agriculture, Environmental chemistry, Carbon dioxide, Spatial ecology, Environmental science, Soil fertility, business
Abstract

Total organic carbon (TOC) contents in agricultural soil are presently receiving increased attention, not only because of their relationship to soil fertility, but also due to the sequestration of organic carbon in soil to reduce carbon dioxide emissions. In this research, the spatial patterns of TOC and its relationship with pH at the European scale were studied using hot spot analysis based on the agricultural soil results of the Geochemical Mapping of Agricultural Soil (GEMAS) project. The hot and cold spot maps revealed the overall spatial patterns showing a negative correlation between TOC contents and pH values in European agricultural soil. High TOC contents accompanying low pH values in the north-eastern part of Europe (e.g., Fennoscandia), and low TOC with high pH values in the southern part (e.g., Spain. Italy, Balkan countries). A special feature of co-existence of comparatively low TOC contents and low pH values in north-central Europe was also identified on hot and cold spot analysis maps. It has been found that these patterns are strongly related to the high concentration of SiO2 (quartz) in the coarse-textured glacial sediments in north-central Europe. The hot spot analysis was effective, therefore, in highlighting the spatial patterns of TOC in European agricultural soil and helpful to identify hidden patterns. (C) 2019 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Published
2019
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25. Use of GEMAS data for risk assessment of cadmium in European agricultural and grazing land soil under the REACH Regulation

Author

Birke, M., Reimann, C., Oorts, K., Uwe, R., Alecos, D., Dinelli, E., Ladenberger, A., Halamić, J., Mateja, G., Jähne Klingberg, F., Andersson, M., Baritz, R., Batista, M. J., Bel Ian, A., Cicchella, D., De Vos, W., Duris, M., Dusza Dobek, A., Eggen, O. A., Eklund, M., Ernsten, V., Filzmoser, P., Flight, D. M. A., Forrester, S., Fügedi, U., Gilcucis, A., Gregorauskiene, V., De Groot, W., Gulan, A., Haslinger, E., Hayoz, P., Hoogewerff, J., Hrvatovic, H., Husnjak, S., Janik, L., Jordan, G., Kaminari, M., Kirby, J., Klos, V., Kwecko, P., Kuti, L., Locutura, J., Lucivjansky, P., Mann, A., Mackovych, D., Mclaughlin, M., Malyuk, B. I., Maquil, R., Meuli, R. G., Mol, G., Negrel, P., ’Connor, P. O, Ottesen, R. T., Pasnieczna, A., Petersell, V., Pfleiderer, S., Ponavi c, M., Prazeres, C., Radusinovic, S., Salpeteur, I., Scanlon, R., Schedl, A., Scheib, A., Schoeters, I., Sefcik, P., Sellersjo, E., Slaninka, I., Soriano Disla, J. M., Sorsa, A., Svrkota, R., Stafilov, T., Tarvainen, T., Tendavilov, V., Valera, P., Verougstraete, V., Vidojevic, D., Zomeni, Z., Zissimos, A., ALBANESE, STEFANO, DE VIVO, BENEDETTO, LIMA, ANNAMARIA, Birke, M., Reimann, C., Oorts, K., Uwe, R., Alecos, D., Dinelli, E., Ladenberger, A., Halamić, J., Mateja, G., Jähne Klingberg, F., Albanese, Stefano, Andersson, M., Baritz, R., Batista, M. J., Bel Ian, A., Cicchella, D., DE VIVO, Benedetto, De Vos, W., Duris, M., Dusza Dobek, A., Eggen, O. A., Eklund, M., Ernsten, V., Filzmoser, P., Flight, D. M. A., Forrester, S., Fügedi, U., Gilcucis, A., Gregorauskiene, V., De Groot, W., Gulan, A., Haslinger, E., Hayoz, P., Hoogewerff, J., Hrvatovic, H., Husnjak, S., Janik, L., Jordan, G., Kaminari, M., Kirby, J., Klos, V., Kwecko, P., Kuti, L., Lima, Annamaria, Locutura, J., Lucivjansky, P., Mann, A., Mackovych, D., Mclaughlin, M., Malyuk, B. I., Maquil, R., Meuli, R. G., Mol, G., Negrel, P., ’Connor, P. O, Ottesen, R. T., Pasnieczna, A., Petersell, V., Pfleiderer, S., Ponavi c, M., Prazeres, C., Radusinovic, S., Salpeteur, I., Scanlon, R., Schedl, A., Scheib, A., Schoeters, I., Sefcik, P., Sellersjo, E., Slaninka, I., Soriano Disla, J. M., Sorsa, A., Svrkota, R., Stafilov, T., Tarvainen, T., Tendavilov, V., Valera, P., Verougstraete, V., Vidojevic, D., Zomeni, Z., Zissimos, A., Birke, Manfred, Reimann, Clemen, Oorts, Koen, Rauch, Uwe, Demetriades, Aleco, Dinelli, Enrico, Ladenberger, Anna, Halamić, Josip, Gosar, Mateja, and Jähne-Klingberg, Fabian

Subjects
Pollution, agricultural soil, grazing land soil, risk assessment, REACH, cadmium, Soil test, media_common.quotation_subject, chemistry.chemical_element, 010501 environmental sciences, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, Agricultural soil, 01 natural sciences, Ecology and Environment, Geochemistry and Petrology, Grazing, Environmental Chemistry, Risk assessment, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, media_common, Hydrology, Cadmium, business.industry, Forestry, Expert group, Chemistry, chemistry, Agriculture, Soil water, Earth Sciences, business, Grazing land soil
Abstract

Over 4000 soil samples were collected for the “Geochemical Mapping of Agricultural and Grazing Land Soil of Europe” (GEMAS) project carried out by the EuroGeoSurveys Geochemistry Expert Group. Cadmium concentrations are reported for the

Published
2016
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27. Performance of multidetector computed tomography colonography compared with conventional colonoscopy. (Imaging)

Author

Gluecker, Th, Dorta, G., Keller, W., Jornod, P., Meuli, R., and Schnyder, P.

Subjects
Colon (Anatomy) -- Medical examination, Colonoscopy -- Evaluation, Colorectal cancer -- Diagnosis, CT imaging -- Evaluation, Health
Abstract

Background and aims: This was a prospective blinded study to compare computed tomograpy (CT) colonography, performed with multidetector arrays CT scan (MDCT), with conventional colonoscopy for the detection of colorectal [...]

Published
2002

37. Cross-sectional deformation of the aorta as measured with magnetic resonance imaging

Author

Moreno, M.R., Moore, J.E., Jr., and Meuli, R.

Subjects
Biomechanics -- Case studies, Blood flow -- Case studies, Blood circulation -- Case studies, Aorta -- Case studies, Engineering and manufacturing industries, Science and technology
Abstract

Vessel geometry is commonly accepted as one of the primary factors influencing blood flow patterns. The vessels near the heart present a particular challenge because myocardial contraction creates dynamic changes in vessel geometry due to the movement created by the contraction of the myocardial muscle. The importance of vessel movement and deformation on blood flow patterns in the coronary arteries has been previously demonstrated. For larger vessels such as the aorta, the effects are less well understood, partially because no estimates of the dynamic variations in vessel cross section shape geometry have been reported. This study was undertaken to provide an estimate of the amount of dynamic variation in cross-sectional shape present in the aorta. Two young healthy male subjects were used, with measurements taken in the ascending aorta, aortic arch, and descending thoracic aorta using Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI). The magnitude of elliptical deformation was measured throughout the cardiac cycle by taking a discrete Fourier transform of the radius versus angle plot. Deformations of more than 7 percent of the mean vessel radius were noted. This level of deformation may be enough to influence flow patterns in the aorta significantly, and thus should be included in future flow studies.

Published
1998

39. GEMAS: Cobalt, Cr, Cu and Ni distribution in agricultural and grazing land soil of Europe

Author

ALBANESE, STEFANO, LIMA, ANNAMARIA, DE VIVO, BENEDETTO, Sadeghi, M., Cicchella, D., Dinelli, E., Valera, P., Falconi, M., Demetriades, A., Andersson, M., Baritz, R., Batista, M. J., Bel lan, A., Birke, M., De Vos, W., Ďuriš, M., Dusza Dobek, A., Eggen, O. A., Eklund, M., Ernstsen, V., Filzmoser, P., Flight, D. M. A., Forrester, S., Fuchs, M., Fügedi, U., Gilucis, A., Gosar, M., Gregorauskiene, V., De Groot, W., Gulan, A., Halamić, J., Haslinger, E., Hayoz, P., Hoffmann, R., Hoogewerff, J., Hrvatovic, H., Husnjak, S., Janik, L., Jordan, G., Kaminari, M., Kirby, J., Klos, V., Krone, F., Kwecko, P., Kuti, L., Ladenberger, A., Locutura, J., Lucivjansky, P., Mann, A., Mackovych, D., Mclaughlin, M., Malyuk, B. I., Maquil, R., Meuli, R. G., Mol, G., Négrel, P., O'Connor, P., Oorts, K., Ottesen, R. T., Pasieczna, A., Petersell, V., Pfleiderer, S., Poňavič, M., Prazeres, C., Rauch, U., Radusinović, S., Reimann, C., Salpeteur, I., Scanlon, R., Schedl, A., Scheib, A., Schoeters, I., Sellersjö, E., Slaninka, I., Soriano Disla, J. M., Šorša, A., Svrkota, R., Stafilov, T., Tarvainen, T., Trendavilov, V., Verougstraete, V., Vidojević, D., Zomeni, Z., Albanese, Stefano, Sadeghi, M., Lima, Annamaria, Cicchella, D., Dinelli, E., Valera, P., Falconi, M., Demetriades, A., DE VIVO, Benedetto, Andersson, M., Baritz, R., Batista, M. J., Bel lan, A., Birke, M., De Vos, W., Ďuriš, M., Dusza Dobek, A., Eggen, O. A., Eklund, M., Ernstsen, V., Filzmoser, P., Flight, D. M. A., Forrester, S., Fuchs, M., Fügedi, U., Gilucis, A., Gosar, M., Gregorauskiene, V., De Groot, W., Gulan, A., Halamić, J., Haslinger, E., Hayoz, P., Hoffmann, R., Hoogewerff, J., Hrvatovic, H., Husnjak, S., Janik, L., Jordan, G., Kaminari, M., Kirby, J., Klos, V., Krone, F., Kwecko, P., Kuti, L., Ladenberger, A., Locutura, J., Lucivjansky, P., Mann, A., Mackovych, D., Mclaughlin, M., Malyuk, B. I., Maquil, R., Meuli, R. G., Mol, G., Négrel, P., O'Connor, P., Oorts, K., Ottesen, R. T., Pasieczna, A., Petersell, V., Pfleiderer, S., Poňavič, M., Prazeres, C., Rauch, U., Radusinović, S., Reimann, C., Salpeteur, I., Scanlon, R., Schedl, A., Scheib, A., Schoeters, I., Sellersjö, E., Slaninka, I., Soriano Disla, J. M., Šorša, A., Svrkota, R., Stafilov, T., Tarvainen, T., Trendavilov, V., Verougstraete, V., Vidojević, D., Zomeni, Z., Albanese, S., Lima, A., De Vivo, B., Batista, M.J., Bel-lan, A., Duris, M., Dusza-Dobek, A., Eggen, O.A., Flight, D.M.A., Fugedi, U., Halamic, J., Malyuk, B.I., Meuli, R.G., Negrel, P., Ottesen, R.T., Ponavic, M., Radusinovic, S., Sellersjo, E., Soriano-Disla, J.M., Sorsa, A., and Vidojevic, D.

Subjects
Mediterranean climate, Soil test, Metal, Mafic-ultramafic rocks, Soil guidelines, Earth science, European soil, Mineralogy, cobalt, crom, distribution, Ni, Cu, Ophiolite, Metals, Geochemistry and Petrology, Ultramafic rock, Grazing, Geochemical mapping, Economic Geology, Glacial period, Mafic, European soil Mafic–ultramafic rocks Metals Geochemical mapping Soil guidelines, Scale (map), Geology, Mafic-ultramafic rock
Abstract

In the framework of the GEMAS project, 2211 samples of agricultural soil (Ap, 0-20cm, regularly ploughed fields), and 2118 samples from land under permanent grass cover (Gr, 0-10cm, grazing land soil) were collected across almost the whole European continent, at a density of 1 sample site/2500km2, in accordance with a common sampling protocol.Among many other elements, the concentrations of Co, Cr, Cu and Ni in European soil were determined by ICP-MS after a hot aqua extraction, and WD-XRFS analytical methods, and their spatial distribution patterns generated by means of a GIS software.The presence of mafic and ultramafic rocks, ophiolite complexes and mineralisation, is widespread across the European continent, and seems to explain most of the variability of the elements studied in this paper. A large belt, north of the last glaciation maximum limit, is generally dominated by lower concentrations compared with central European and Mediterranean areas and to some areas in Northern Europe where higher Co, Cr, Cu and Ni values also occur.The application of the guideline value set for Cu and Ni by the EU Directive 86/278/EEC to the Ap soil samples of the GEMAS data set highlighted that at the continental scale the use of a unique reference interval is a tool of limited effectiveness; the lithological variation, occurring across a whole continent, generates changes in the geochemistry of soil, which cannot be accommodated by using a single reference interval even if it is very wide. The GEMAS data set should form the sound basis to set at the European scale the geochemical background reference intervals, at least, for regions sharing common lithological settings and a common geological history. •Geochemistry of Co, Cr, Cu and Ni•Mineral deposits in Europe with Co, Cr, Cu and Ni•Distribution of Co, Cr, Cu and Ni in European agricultural and grazing land soil•Comparison of aqua regia extractable and total element concentrations in soil•Comparison of Cu and Ni concentrations with European guideline values. © 2015 Elsevier B.V.

Published
2015
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44. Bioavailable 87Sr/86Sr in European soils:A baseline for provenancing studies

Author

Hoogewerff, Jurian A., Reimann, Clemens, Ueckermann, Enriette, Frei, Robert, Frei, Karin M., van Aswegen, Thalita, Stirling, Claudine, Reid, Malcolm, Clayton, Aaron, Ladenberger, Anna, Albanese, S., Andersson, M., Baritz, R., Batista, M. J., Bel-Ian, A., Birke, M., Cicchella, D., Demetriades, A., De Vivo, B., De Vos, W., Dinelli, E., Duris, M., Dusza-Dobek, A., Eggen, O. A., Eklund, M., Ernstsen, V., Filzmoser, P., Flight, D. M. A., Forrester, S., Fuchs, M., Fugedi, U., Gilucis, A., Gregorauskiene, V, De Groot, W., Gulan, A., Halamic, J., Haslinger, E., Hayoz, P., Hoffmann, R., Hrvatovic, H., Husnjak, S., Janik, L., Jordan, G., Kaminari, M., Kirby, J., Kivisilla, J., Klos, V, Krone, F., Kwecko, F., Kuti, L., Lima, A., Locutura, J., Lucivjansky, D. P., Mann, A., Mackovych, D., Matschullat, J., McLaughlin, M., Malyuk, B., I, Maquil, R., Meuli, R. G., Mol, G., Negrel, P., Connor, O., Oorts, R. K., Ottesen, R. T., Pasieczna, A., Petersell, W., Ponavic, M., Pramuka, S., Prazeres, C., Rauch, U., Radusinovic, S., Reimann, C., Sadeghi, M., Salpeteur, I, Scanlon, R., Schedl, A., Scheib, A. J., Schoeters, I, Sefcik, P., Sellersjo, E., Skopijak, F., Slaninka, I, Soriano-Disla, J. M., Sorsa, A., Srvkota, R., Stafilov, T., Tarvainen, T., Trendavilov, V, Valera, P., Verougstraete, V., Vidojevic, D., Zissimos, A., Zomeni, Z., Hoogewerff, Jurian A., Reimann, Clemens, Ueckermann, Enriette, Frei, Robert, Frei, Karin M., van Aswegen, Thalita, Stirling, Claudine, Reid, Malcolm, Clayton, Aaron, Ladenberger, Anna, Albanese, S., Andersson, M., Baritz, R., Batista, M. J., Bel-Ian, A., Birke, M., Cicchella, D., Demetriades, A., De Vivo, B., De Vos, W., Dinelli, E., Duris, M., Dusza-Dobek, A., Eggen, O. A., Eklund, M., Ernstsen, V., Filzmoser, P., Flight, D. M. A., Forrester, S., Fuchs, M., Fugedi, U., Gilucis, A., Gregorauskiene, V, De Groot, W., Gulan, A., Halamic, J., Haslinger, E., Hayoz, P., Hoffmann, R., Hrvatovic, H., Husnjak, S., Janik, L., Jordan, G., Kaminari, M., Kirby, J., Kivisilla, J., Klos, V, Krone, F., Kwecko, F., Kuti, L., Lima, A., Locutura, J., Lucivjansky, D. P., Mann, A., Mackovych, D., Matschullat, J., McLaughlin, M., Malyuk, B., I, Maquil, R., Meuli, R. G., Mol, G., Negrel, P., Connor, O., Oorts, R. K., Ottesen, R. T., Pasieczna, A., Petersell, W., Ponavic, M., Pramuka, S., Prazeres, C., Rauch, U., Radusinovic, S., Reimann, C., Sadeghi, M., Salpeteur, I, Scanlon, R., Schedl, A., Scheib, A. J., Schoeters, I, Sefcik, P., Sellersjo, E., Skopijak, F., Slaninka, I, Soriano-Disla, J. M., Sorsa, A., Srvkota, R., Stafilov, T., Tarvainen, T., Trendavilov, V, Valera, P., Verougstraete, V., Vidojevic, D., Zissimos, A., and Zomeni, Z.

Published
2019

45. Intravoxel incoherent motion perfusion imaging in acute stroke: initial clinical experience

Author

Federau, C., Sumer, S., Becce, F., Maeder, P., O'Brien, K., Meuli, R., Wintermark, M., Federau, C., Sumer, S., Becce, F., Maeder, P., O'Brien, K., Meuli, R., and Wintermark, M.

Abstract

Introduction: Intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) imaging is an MRI perfusion technique that uses a diffusion-weighted sequence with multiple b values and a bi-compartmental signal model to measure the so-called pseudo-diffusion of blood caused by its passage through the microvascular network. The goal of the current study was to assess the feasibility of IVIM perfusion fraction imaging in patients with acute stroke. Methods: Images were collected in 17 patients with acute stroke. Exclusion criteria were onset of symptoms to imaging >5days, hemorrhagic transformation, infratentorial lesions, small lesions <0.5cm in minimal diameter and hemodynamic instability. IVIM imaging was performed at 3T, using a standard spin-echo Stejskal-Tanner pulsed gradients diffusion-weighted sequence, using 16 b values from 0 to 900s/mm2. Image quality was assessed by two radiologists, and quantitative analysis was performed in regions of interest placed in the stroke area, defined by thresholding the apparent diffusion coefficient maps, as well as in the contralateral region. Results: IVIM perfusion fraction maps showed an area of decreased perfusion fraction f in the region of decreased apparent diffusion coefficient. Quantitative analysis showed a statistically significant decrease in both IVIM perfusion fraction f (0.026 ± 0.019 vs. 0.056 ± 0.025, p = 2.2 · 10−6) and diffusion coefficient D compared with the contralateral side (3.9 ± 0.79 · 10−4 vs. 7.5 ± 0.86 · 10−4mm2/s, p = 1.3 · 10−20). Conclusion: IVIM perfusion fraction imaging is feasible in acute stroke. IVIM perfusion fraction is significantly reduced in the visible infarct. Further studies should evaluate the potential for IVIM to predict clinical outcome and treatment response.

Published
2019

50. GEMAS: Cadmium distribution and its sources in agricultural and grazing land soil of Europe - Original data versus clr-transformed data

Author

BIRKE M., REIMANN C, RAUCH U., LADENBERGER A., DEMETRIADES A., JÄHNEKLINGBERG F., OORTS K, GOSAR M., DINELLI D., HALAMIĆ J., ALBANESE S., ANDERSSON M., BARITZ R., BATISTA M. J., BEL-IAN A., CICCHELLA D., DE VIVO B., DE VOS W., ĎURIŠ M., DUSZA-DOBEK A., EGGEN O. A., EKLUND M., ERNSTEN V., FILZMOSER, FLIGHT D. M. A., FORRESTER S., FÜGEDI U., GILCUCIS A., GREGORAUSKIENE V., DE GROOT W., GULAN A., HASLINGER E., HAYOZ P., HOOGEWERFF J., HRVATOVIC H., HUSNJAK S., JANIK L., JORDAN G., KAMINARI M., KIRBY J., KLOS V., KWEĆKO P., KUTI L., LIMA A., LOCUTURA J., LUCIVJANSKY P., MANN A., MACKOVYCH D., MCLAUGHLIN M., MALYUK B. I., MAQUIL R., MEULI R. G., MOL G., NÉGREL P., O’CONNOR P., OTTESEN R. T., PASNIECZNA A., PETERSELL V., PFLEIDERER S., POŇAVIČ M., PRAZERES C., RADUSINOVIĆ S., SALPETEUR I., SADEGHI M., SCANLON R., SCHEDL A., SCHEIB A., SCHOETERS I., ŠEFČIK P., SELLERSJÖ E., SLANINKA I., SORIANO-DISLA J. M., ŠORŠA A., SVRKOTA R., STAFILOV T., TARVAINEN T., TENDAVILOV V., VALERA P., VEROUGSTRAETE V., VIDOJEVIĆ D., ZOMENI Z., ZISSIMOS A., Birke, Manfred, Reimann, Clemen, Rauch, Uwe, Ladenberger, Anna, Demetriades, Aleco, Jähne-Klingberg, Fabian, Oorts, Koen, Gosar, Mateja, Dinelli, Enrico, Halamić, Josip, Birke, M., Reimann, C, Rauch, U., Ladenberger, A., Demetriades, A., Jähneklingberg, F., Oorts, K, Gosar, M., Dinelli, D., Halamić, J., Albanese, S., Andersson, M., Baritz, R., Batista, M. J., BEL-IAN, A., Cicchella, D., DE VIVO, B., DE VOS, W., Ďuriš, M., DUSZA-DOBEK, A., Eggen, O. A., Eklund, M., Ernsten, V., Filzmoser, Flight, D. M. A., Forrester, S., Fügedi, U., Gilcucis, A., Gregorauskiene, V., DE GROOT, W., Gulan, A., Haslinger, E., Hayoz, P., Hoogewerff, J., Hrvatovic, H., Husnjak, S., Janik, L., Jordan, G., Kaminari, M., Kirby, J., Klos, V., Kwećko, P., Kuti, L., Lima, A., Locutura, J., Lucivjansky, P., Mann, A., Mackovych, D., Mclaughlin, M., Malyuk, B. I., Maquil, R., Meuli, R. G., Mol, G., Négrel, P., O’Connor, P., Ottesen, R. T., Pasnieczna, A., Petersell, V., Pfleiderer, S., Poňavič, M., Prazeres, C., Radusinović, S., Salpeteur, I., Sadeghi, M., Scanlon, R., Schedl, A., Scheib, A., Schoeters, I., Šefčik, P., Sellersjö, E., Slaninka, I., SORIANO-DISLA, J. M., Šorša, A., Svrkota, R., Stafilov, T., Tarvainen, T., Tendavilov, V., Valera, P., Verougstraete, V., Vidojević, D., Zomeni, Z., and Zissimos, A.

Subjects
Cadmium, Agricultural soil, Compositional data analysis, PCA, Continental-scale geochemical mapping, Europe, Soil test, Weathering, 010501 environmental sciences, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, Compositional data analysi, chemistry.chemical_compound, Geochemistry and Petrology, Grazing, Aqua regia, Glacial period, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Hydrology, business.industry, Anomaly (natural sciences), chemistry, Agriculture, Economic Geology, Quaternary, business, Geology
Abstract

Over 4000 agricultural and grazing land soil samples were collected for the “Geochemical Mapping of Agricultural and Grazing Land Soil of Europe” (GEMAS) project carried out by the EuroGeoSurveys Geochemistry Expert Group. The samples were collected in 33 European countries, covering 5.6 million km 2 at a density of 1 sample site per 2500 km 2 . All samples were analysed by ICP-MS following an aqua regia extraction. The European median Cd concentration is 0.182 mg/kg in agricultural soil and 0.197 mg/kg in grazing land soil (including eastern Ukraine). The Cd map demonstrates the existence of two different geochemical background regimes in northern and southern Europe, separated by the southern limit of the Quaternary glaciation. Cadmium shows two times higher background concentrations in the older and more weathered southern European soil than in northern European soil. The spatial distribution patterns of Cd in the collected soil samples are mainly governed by geology (parent material and mineralisation), as well as weathering, soil formation and climate since the last glaciation period. Locally, in several areas, the natural anomaly pattern is overprinted by anthropogenic emissions from former mining, ore processing and related metal industries. Some Cd anomalies can be attributed to urbanisation and the use of fertilisers. A comparison of the raw data Cd concentration map with its clr-transformed counterpart and selected single element ratio maps demonstrates that substantial additional information about sources and processes governing the distribution of Cd in agricultural soil at the European scale can be obtained. Results of a PCA, carried out following the classical approach (standardised) versus a PCA based on the statistically acceptable approach, using clr-transformed data, are quite comparable.

Published
2017

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