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ObjectiveDifferentiate high- versus low-volume radiologists who interpret neurological (Neuro) MRI or musculoskeletal (MSK) MRI and measure the proportion of Neuro and MSK MRIs read by low-volume radiologists.MethodsWe queried the 2015 Medicare Physician and Other Supplier Public Use File for radiologists who submitted claims for Neuro or MSK MRIs. Radiologists were classified as high-volume versus low-volume based on their work relative value units (wRVUs) focus or volume of studies interpreted using three different methodologies: Method 1, percentage of wRVUs in Neuro or MSK MRI; Method 2, absolute number of Neuro or MSK MRIs interpreted; and Method 3, both percentage and absolute number. Multiple thresholds with each methodology were tested, and the percentage of Neuro or MSK MRIs interpreted by low-volume radiologists was calculated for each threshold.ResultsWith Method 1, 33% of Neuro MRI and 50% of MSK MRI studies were interpreted by a radiologist whose wRVUs in Neuro or MSK MRI were less than 20% (Method 1). With Method 2, 22% of Neuro MRIs and 37% of MSK MRIs were interpreted by radiologists who read fewer than the mean number of Neuro or MSK MRIs interpreted by an "average full-time radiologist" whose wRVUs in Neuro or MSK MRI were approximately 20%. With Method 3, 38% of Neuro MRIs and 57% of MSK MRIs were interpreted by "low-volume" radiologists. If instead a 50% wRVU threshold is used for Methods One, Two, and Three, then 70%, 58%, and 77% of Neuro MRIs and 86%, 80%, and 90% of MSK MRIs are read by low-volume radiologists.DiscussionA large number of radiologists read a low volume of Neuro or MSK MRIs; these low-volume Neuro or MSK MRI radiologists read a substantial portion of Neuro or MSK MRIs. It is unknown which of the methods for distinguishing low-volume radiologists, combined with which threshold, may best correlate with high-performing or low-performing radiologists.

Copyright of Methodical Perspectives / Metodički Vidici is the property of Faculty of Philosophy, University of Novi Sad and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Background and Objectives: Road traffic injuries (RTIs) are the most frequent public health problem in Iran. The present study reviewed the methodology of the RTI articles using the Haddon matrix evidence. Materials and Methods: PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, ProQuest, and Persian national databases, including SID, Magiran, and IranDoc, were searched for the articles published from March 21, 2009, to October 21, 2020. The search process was done by two independent reviewers. The quality of the articles was assessed based on the Scopus index of journals. Results: Nine-hundred and fourteen articles were included in this review study, which mostly focused on RTIs in Iran and precrash and postcrash prevention approaches. The methodological approach was cross-sectional in 487 (53.2%) articles and merely 5 (0.54%) articles were randomized clinical trial (RCT) papers. RCT studies focused on the human factor in the precrash phase. Research center evidence indicated that the Safety Promotion and Injury Prevention Research Centers mainly focused on human and environmental factors. However, the Trauma Research Center of Kashan and Sina Trauma and Surgery Research Center of Tehran often addressed vehicles. Conclusion: The RTIs studies in Iran often followed a cross-sectional methodology and used a precrash prevention approach.

As the unique academic culture in Chinese philosophy and social sciences, researches on method framework provide an opportunity for understanding the thinking model and value orientation of the ancient eastern civilization. The field of information science has achieved fruitful results in the method framework research closely related to the unique discipline history and academic mission. The paper reviews information science method frameworks in China and presents their academic features from three aspects: 1. levels of the framework, 2. research strategies, and 3. essential techniques. At the same time, we summarize the value of this Chinese academic wisdom and the practical experience of information science in China to promote this research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Islamic economics is a social science that studies the economic problems of people imbued with Islamic values. An Islamic economy or cooperative financial system is different from capitalism, socialism, or the welfare state. The phenomenological approach of Islamic economics and finance has become a study to find meaning or essence through the manifestation of economic and financial phenomena. This article aims to develop a different approach to researching Islamic economics and finance. This is library-based research with a qualitative approach. Sources of data in this study used secondary data derived from journals, books, and relevant research results. The result of this research is that the phenomenological approach can be applied to the study of Islamic economics and finance based on the methodological framework of the principle of truth based on the Islamization of science and Return to the philosophy of Islamic science. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and Objectives: Road traffic injuries (RTIs) are the most frequent public health problem in Iran. The present study reviewed the methodology of the RTI articles using the Haddon matrix evidence. Materials and Methods: PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, ProQuest, and Persian national databases, including SID, Magiran, and IranDoc, were searched for the articles published from March 21, 2009, to October 21, 2020. The search process was done by two independent reviewers. The quality of the articles was assessed based on the Scopus index of journals. Results: Nine-hundred and fourteen articles were included in this review study, which mostly focused on RTIs in Iran and precrash and postcrash prevention approaches. The methodological approach was cross-sectional in 487 (53.2%) articles and merely 5 (0.54%) articles were randomized clinical trial (RCT) papers. RCT studies focused on the human factor in the precrash phase. Research center evidence indicated that the Safety Promotion and Injury Prevention Research Centers mainly focused on human and environmental factors. However, the Trauma Research Center of Kashan and Sina Trauma and Surgery Research Center of Tehran often addressed vehicles. Conclusion: The RTIs studies in Iran often followed a cross-sectional methodology and used a precrash prevention approach. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Integrative reviews within healthcare promote a holistic understanding of the research topic. Structure and a comprehensive approach within reviews are important to ensure the reliability in their findings. Aim: This paper aims to provide a framework for novice nursing researchers undertaking integrative reviews. Discussion: Established methods to form a research question, search literature, extract data, critically appraise extracted data and analyse review findings are discussed and exemplified using the authors' own review as a comprehensive and reliable approach for the novice nursing researcher undertaking an integrative literature review. Conclusion: Providing a comprehensive audit trail that details how an integrative literature review has been conducted increases and ensures the results are reproducible. The use of established tools to structure the various components of an integrative review increases robustness and readers' confidence in the review findings. Implications for practice: Novice nursing researchers may increase the reliability of their results by employing a framework to guide them through the process of conducting an integrative review. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Talking to children and adolescents with cancer about spirituality is a challenge. This study aimed to develop and evaluate a conversation model for a spiritual approach with children and adolescents with cancer. It was a methodological study with a systematic approach in three stages: (a) review of the literature for the selection of photographs and guiding questions, (b) using an expert committee to evaluate photographs and preselected questions, and (c) cognitive interview with children and adolescents to test the methodology. The expert committee evaluated and selected 20 photos and their respective guiding questions. Fifteen children and adolescents hospitalized with cancer tested the spirituality conversation model and expressed feelings, values, beliefs, fears, and the meaning they give to life and illness. The implementation of the conversation model can contribute both to the clinical practice, facilitating care for the spiritual dimension of pediatric patients, and to qualitative research on spirituality involving children. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Background Randomised controlled trials are the cornerstone of evidence-based health care, yet many trials struggle with recruitment and retention. All too often the methodologies employed to address these problems are not evidence-based, as rigorous methodological research on these issues is rare. The current research sought to identify barriers to the routine implementation of methodology research around recruitment and retention. Methods All registered UK clinical trials unit directors were sent a short questionnaire and invited to interview. Representatives of funding bodies and other stakeholders were also approached. Interviews were recorded and the content analysed. Results Data were grouped into four themes: acceptance of the need for methodological research; trial funding and development; trial processes; and organisational factors. The need to improve the evidence base for trials methodology is well established, but numerous barriers to implementation were perceived. Conclusions The knowledge and expertise required to routinely implement methodology research exists within the current research structures, and there are clear opportunities to develop the evidence base. However, for this to be achieved there is also a need for clear strategic coordination within the sector and promotion of the necessary resources.

Copyright of Chinese Journal of Clinical Healthcare is the property of Chinese Journal of Clinical Healthcare and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Collecting the point of view of children who are concerned with child protection measures requires scientific and ethical reflections throughout the elaboration of the research approach. Methodological choices punctuating a research work lean as much on the knowledge of the stakes, the psychological processes of the child, as on the empirical and scientific choices. Indeed, the concern for anticipating and predicting the potential effects of a meeting between the child and the researcher underlies the credibility of the research. Therefore, this article will first focus on two key moments: the presentation of the research to the child and the relational dynamics at the time of the interaction. Regarding which identical, developmental and emotional processes should a researcher be attentive during this « going towards » the child. Then, it will be a question of conceptualising the degree of both spontaneity and constraint of the tools used from a tri-axique model regarding three characteristics of these tools: presence / formulation of the questions, responses’ modalities and investigated theme. With regard to the social role of the implication of the researcher and the research in itself, in its implementation as well as in its distribution, marks to think the research approach with protected children are brought in conclusion.

Background: Prosthetic joint infection is one of the most serious complications in orthopedics. Prognostic systematic reviews (SRs) detecting and assessing factors related to prosthetic joint infection, allow better prediction of risk and implementation of preventive measures. Although prognostic SRs are increasingly frequent, their methodological field presents some knowledge gaps., Purpose: To carry out an overview of SR assessing risk factors for prosthetic joint infection, describing and synthesizing their evidence. Secondarily, to assess the risk of bias and methodological quality., Material and Methods: We conducted a bibliographic search in 4 databases (May 2021) to identify prognostic SR evaluating any risk factor for prosthetic joint infection. We evaluated risk of bias with the ROBIS tool, and methodological quality with a modified AMSTAR-2 tool. We computed the overlap degree study between included SR., Results: Twenty-three SRs were included, studying 15 factors for prosthetic joint infection, of which, 13 had significant association. The most frequently studied risk factors were obesity, intra-articular corticosteroids, smoking and uncontrolled diabetes. Overlapping between SR was high for obesity and very high for intra-articular corticoid injection, smoking and uncontrolled diabetes. Risk of bias was considered low in 8 SRs (34.7%). The modified AMSTAR-2 tool showed important methodological gaps., Conclusions: Identification of procedural-modifiable factors, such as intra-articular corticoids use, can give patients better results. Overlapping between SR was very high, meaning that some SRs are redundant. The evidence on risk factors for prosthetic joint infection is weak due to high risk of bias and limited methodological quality., (Copyright © 2023 SECOT. Publicado por Elsevier España, S.L.U. All rights reserved.)

Background: Prosthetic joint infection is one of the most serious complications in orthopedics. Prognostic systematic reviews (SR) detecting and assessing factors related to prosthetic joint infection, allow better prediction of risk and implementation of preventive measures. Although prognostic SR are increasingly frequent, their methodological field presents some knowledge gaps., Purpose: To carry out an overview of SR assessing risk factors for prosthetic joint infection, describing and synthesizing their evidence. Secondarily, to assess the risk of bias and methodological quality., Material and Methods: We conducted a bibliographic search in 4databases (May 2021) to identify prognostic SR evaluating any risk factor for prosthetic joint infection. We evaluated risk of bias with the ROBIS tool, and methodological quality with a modified AMSTAR-2 tool. We computed the overlap degree study between included SR., Results: Twenty-three SR were included, studying 15 factors for prosthetic joint infection, of which, 13 had significant association. The most frequently studied risk factors were obesity, intra-articular corticosteroids, smoking and uncontrolled diabetes. Overlapping between SR was high for obesity and very high for intra-articular corticoid injection, smoking and uncontrolled diabetes. Risk of bias was considered low in 8SRs (34.7%). The modified AMSTAR-2 tool showed important methodological gaps., Conclusions: Identification of procedural-modifiable factors, such as intra-articular corticoids use, can give patients better results. Overlapping between SR was very high, meaning that some SR are redundant. The evidence on risk factors for prosthetic joint infection is weak due to high risk of bias and limited methodological quality., (Copyright © 2023 SECOT. Publicado por Elsevier España, S.L.U. All rights reserved.)

We propose to use application "Screen Video Capture" (SVC) to observe and assess information literacy skills (information literacy). The proposed application is able to record all activity video displayed on a computer screen. This observation allows "non-invasive" as the search process, the selection and use of information. We present a pilot experiment in which we used the open source software CamStudio and focuses on research use of this application. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Abstract writing is one of the secondary services for summarizing the content of documents. It represents the major information and is used as an overview of the text. However, abstracts should be written and indexed on the basis of some criteria to provide sufficient and reliable information about the main text. This study aimed to assess the abstracts of Randomized Controlled Clinical Trials (RCTs) indexed in PubMed on the basis of the CONSORT abstract checklist. Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional survey. The study sample included 314 RCTs indexed in PubMed with the affiliation of Iran and Tehran University of Medical Sciences up to the end of 2010. The abstracts were evaluated by the CONSORT checklist in which the items were scored 0–8. Results: The Mean score for quality was 4.7± 1.02 out of 8. None of the abstracts were assigned as the most qualified (Score=8) and the highest score was 7. Among the RCT designs, parallel trial designs were the most common ones. Indications of the type of randomization, the blinding type, and the number of participants involved were found not to be well reported qualitatively. Conclusion: The findings indicated that the items designated for RCTs abstracts were not thoroughly taken into consideration. It seems that training of researchers and authors is required for betterment of the quality of reporting in abstracts. In addition, journal editors should provide guidelines for authors to report this type of studies correctly. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Although much has been published in the literature on how to perform a Q methodological study, the use of interviews within this process has received little attention. Approach: The purpose of this review is to explore the use of interviews in a Q methodological study. Results: An introduction to Q methodology is provided. The aims of an interview within a Q methodological study are described, and how these aims lend themselves to a particular method of analysis is explored. How to perform this analysis is outlined. Discussion: The use of interviews can increase the validity of a Q methodological study by providing the participant's rationale for analysis of the factor arrays. When to perform the interviews is still under debate, and further study is required to determine whether the timing affects the results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper describes the development of a participatory learning and action research approach for integrated soil fertility management. The methodology research was conducted in three sites within the context of research and development services in sub-Saharan Africa. The key elements of the approach are described and factors determining the methodology development process are analysed. Farmer learning takes place at the individual and communicative level. Individual learning is based on farm mapping and farmer experimentation, while communicative learning takes place during the four distinct phases of the approach when farmers exchange insights and interact with the field team. The paper further discusses major learning points in facilitation of farmer learning and analyses major implications and issues in extending the participatory learning and action research approach. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

In France, around 5% of the general population are taking drug treatments for diabetes mellitus (mainly type 2 diabetes mellitus, T2DM). Although the management of T2DM has become more complex, most of these patients are managed by their general practitioner and not a diabetologist for their antidiabetics treatments; this increases the risk of potentially inappropriate prescriptions (PIPs) of hypoglycaemic agents (HAs). Inappropriate prescribing can be assessed by approaches that are implicit (expert judgement based) or explicit (criterion based). In a mixed, multistep process, we first systematically reviewed the published definitions of PIPs for HAs in patients with T2DM. The results will be used to create the first list of explicit definitions. Next, we will complete the definitions identified in the systematic review by conducting a qualitative study with two focus groups of experts in the prescription of HAs. Lastly, a Delphi survey will then be used to build consensus among participants; the results will be validated in consensus meetings. We developed a method for determining explicit definitions of PIPs for HAs in patients with T2DM. The resulting explicit definitions could be easily integrated into computerised decision support tools for the automated detection of PIPs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: This study aims to describe "rapid living" systematic reviews, an innovative methodological design used to systematically synthesize emerging evidence in the field of rehabilitation during the COVID-19 pandemic., Study Design and Setting: A methodological paper, with a formative approach to rapid living systematic reviews., Results: Based on our experience, we propose the following definition of rapid living SR: ``A dynamic method of knowledge synthesis that allows for the constant updating of new emerging evidence and refinement of its methodological quality.'' This method has the benefit of accelerating the conduct of traditional systematic reviews and allows for a synergistic adaptation of methodology based on the quality of the evidence with a flexibility to update results, methods and collaborations., Conclusion: Our proposed methodology has been helpful to synthesize the rapidly evolving evidence in the field of rehabilitation during the pandemic. Similarly, it may be useful when a rapid answer is urgently needed to make informed decisions. The COVID-19 disease has shown that modern medical science has the ability to produce new knowledge at a rate never seen before. Therefore, our proposed rapid living systematic reviews provide the scientific community with a method to rapidly synthesize evidence when facing health emergencies., (Copyright © 2021. Published by Elsevier Inc.)