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The evolution of BIM application is the Facility management for the digitalization of the Activity Construction. The BIM application became the opportunity to increase the safeguard of the city during its entire life cycle, starting from the knowledge of the actual conservation of the building and the prospective for the future use. Starting from the analysis of the evolution of the IOT Control system, the CDE and the evolution of the application browser, the focus is to create a process to simulate activity construction in cities and infrastructures. The application will be oriented to different case studies using different software (e.g. Autodesk, Bentley). Issues related to the design of different systems making up the CIB technology (systems of control and management of systems, security, voice-data-images and computer science communication) and the most appropriate methodology to achieve a good intelligent management capacity are also addressed. Starting from GIS and survey obtained with different methods, the student will develop the simulation of cities and infrastructures, including the activity construction too. The final purpose of the FM will be defined for the whole life-cycle of cities and infrastructures with reference to case studies.

Background: The medical definition of trauma is “any kind of intentional or unintentional, penetrating or ‎non-penetrating injury or wound caused by external causes”. Traumatic injury is a health threat ‎all over the world and the cause of 9% of worldwide mortality. Having a total of 258 trauma-‎scoring models indicates the versatile state of using trauma scores. Currently, there are no ‎national models for prediction of trauma-caused preventable death in Iran; This study, ‎conducted in 2018 and 2019, aimed to adapt a national model for Iran.‎ Methods: Using appropriate keywords, the most commonly used scales for predicting death in traumatic ‎patients were searched from literature. These included ISS, GCS, TRISS, GAP, MGAP, PTS, ‎REMS, APACHE II, T-RTS, RTSc, NISS, MISS, and PHI. The potential trauma mortality ‎determinants and parameters were then identified and organized in a data collection form to be ‎measured through prospective examination of trauma cases after being assessed for its content ‎validity.‎ Results: The final tool was comprised of three sections. The first section should be completed through ‎the first day of admission to an emergency department. It included the following items: pre-‎hospital health services, past medical history, medication use, Glasgow Coma Scale, vital signs, ‎routine laboratory tests in trauma, psychoactive and addictive drug history and alcohol misuse, ‎AIS index, PTS, trauma mechanism and external cause according to International Classification ‎of Diseases. The second section belonged to secondary evaluation 24 hours after the first ‎evaluation and included vital signs, GCS, AIS and admission decision. The third section was for ‎one-month follow-up and included the Glasgow Outcome Scale.‎ Conclusions: The developed tool at three sections was found valid and applicable based on expert views and ‎identified feasible through its pilot administration.‎ Keywords: Trauma score, Iran, Death, Predictors, National model

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is the leading cause of mortality and morbidity especially in young ages, while over 30 years of neuroprotective agents use for TBI management provided neither any recommended agent for favorable outcome nor less adverse effects in TBI management yet. This review got selected keywords? search and ran in known international and local databases, with no limitation up to September 6, 2015. Related to the subject, clinical human studies have been selected for the review. Data from 32 studies were classified into 10 subgroups. About 18 studies with a population of 4637 participants were included in 6 topic reviews and meta-analyses. Oxygen use in acute management of TBI to reduce mortality rates could be recommended. Corticosteroid use in solo acute TBI management is prohibited due to increasing risk of mortalities. However, in dual-diagnosed patients (TBI and spinal cord injury (SCI) together), corticosteroid use should be obtained by a Bracken protocol. The use of citicoline in acute TBI is no more supported. The use of cyclosporine-A for ICP control depends on the resources and physician?s decision. Rivastigmine use for chronic neurocognitive conditions of TBI management had some beneficence in severely impaired participants. However, the use of other agents in TBI has no field of support yet.

Purpose: The purpose of this research was to analyze cagA and vacA genotypes status in H. pylori isolates and relationship with clinical outcomes. Methods: Gastric biopsy specimens were cultured for H. pylori isolation and cagA and vacA genes were detected in these isolates. Data were collected and the results were analyzed using χ2 and Fishers exact tests by SPSS software version. 16. Results: Of the total 115 H. pylori isolates, 79 (68.7 %) were cagA positive and 82 (71.3%) of isolates contained the s1 allele which 33 (28.7%) were subtype s2. s1m2 was the most frequent vacA allelic combination in the H. pylori isolates examined (63 cases), followed by s2m2 (31 cases), s1m1 (19 cases) and s2m1 (2 case). Strains cagA positive were more frequent in peptic ulcer diseases patients than non ulcer diseases patients, as 47 (59.5%) and 32 (40.5%), while cagA negative were low, as 15 (41.7%) and 21 (58.3%), respectively. Conclusion: We found that the cagA and vacA status were not related to clinical outcomes in this area. Overall, in the present study, vacA s1/m2, cagA-positive strains were predominant irrespective of clinical outcome, but s2/m1 was rare., Advanced Pharmaceutical Bulletin; eISSN 2251-7308

Background: Arachnoid cysts are common intracranial space-occupying lesions which are often found in middle fossa and temporal regions of the skull. Many of these lesions are asymptomatic but some might appear as space-occupying lesions. Almost arachnoid cyst rupture, either following a trauma or spontaneously can result in intracystic hemorrhage, subdural hematoma and hygroma. The present study presents two case series including 8 cases of arachnoid cysts in temporal region and 2 cases of subdural hemorrhage. Methods: Demographic data and clinical and neuroimaging features of 8 patients were evaluated. Results: A total of 8 patients with arachnoid cysts in temporal region were assessed: age range 3 to 27 years old, 5 male and 3 female. The most important complains of the patients during their visit were seizure (3 cases), headache (4 cases), increased head circumference (1 case), parietotemporal arachnoid cyst in right (4 cases) and left hemisphere (4 cases). The conservative treatment and follow-up were performed in 6 out of 8 patients. In the other 2 patients, for craniotomy surgery with hematoma evacuation was performed. Furthermore, in the surgery the fenestration of arachnoid cyst wall into the basal cisterns as well as low pressure cysto-peritoneal shunt was performed. Conclusions: The risk of annual hemorrhage for patients with arachnoid cyst is very low. However, when the hemorrhage occurs it is treated by hematoma evacuation in most cases, but sometimes there is a need for fenestration of the cyst into basal cisterns under endoscopy, microsurgical or cystoperitoneal shunt. Keywords: Arachnoid cyst, Middle fossa, Chronic subdural hematoma