Search

In this study, we consider the human body and the healthcare system as two complex networks and use theories regarding entropy, requisite variety, and network centrality metrics with resilience to assess and quantify the strengths and weaknesses of healthcare systems. Entropy is used to quantify the uncertainty and variety regarding a patient's health state. The extent of the entropy defines the requisite variety a healthcare system should contain to be able to treat a patient safely and correctly. We use network centrality metrics to visualize and quantify the healthcare system as a network and assign the strengths and weaknesses of the network and of individual agents in the network. We apply organization design theories to formulate improvements and explain how a healthcare system should adjust to create a more robust and resilient healthcare system that is able to continuously deal with variations and uncertainties regarding a patient's health, despite possible stressors and disturbances at the healthcare system. In this article, these concepts and theories are explained and applied to a fictive and a real-life example. We conclude that entropy and network science can be used as tools to quantify the resilience of healthcare systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Quality strategies, interventions, and frameworks have been developed to facilitate a better understanding of healthcare systems. Reporting adverse events is one of these strategies. Gynaecology and obstetrics are one of the specialties with many adverse events. To understand the main causes of medical errors in gynaecology and obstetrics and how they could be prevented, we conducted this systematic review. Methods: This systematic review was performed in compliance with the Prisma 2020 guidelines. We searched several databases for relevant studies (Jan 2010–May 2023). Studies were included if they indicated the presence of any potential risk factor at the hospital level for medical errors or adverse events in gynaecology or obstetrics. Results: We included 26 articles in the quantitative analysis of this review. Most of these (n = 12) are cross-sectional studies; eight are case–control studies, and six are cohort studies. One of the most frequently reported contributing factors is delay in healthcare. In addition, the availability of products and trained staff, team training, and communication are often reported to contribute to near-misses/maternal deaths. Conclusions: All risk factors that were found in our review imply several categories of contributing factors regarding: (1) delay of care, (2) coordination and management of care, and (3) scarcity of supply, personnel, and knowledge. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To analyse the quantity and size of health care claims per medical specialty in the past 10 years., Design: Descriptive, evaluative and comparative study., Method: Anonymised damage claim data from Centramed and MediRisk were used for this study. The numbers and sizes of the claims per specialty have been analysed over a ten-year period and plotted against production numbers of the various specialties, calculated on the basis of DBC data. All damage claims were related to regular hospital care in the Netherlands and were submitted or closed in the period from 1 January 2007 to 31 December 2016., Results: A total of 15,115 claims were submitted during the period under study. 16.2% of these were related to non-surgical specialties, 64.7% to surgical specialties, 10.8% to supporting specialties, 0.7% to paramedics working at the hospital and the specialty was impossible to find out for 7.6% of them. The total cost of all damage claims closed during the study period was € 229,224,433. Of the total damage burden, 19% was paid out to patients with claims against non-surgical specialties and 63% to patients with claims against surgical specialties. General surgery, orthopaedics and gynaecology together were responsible for 47% of all submitted claims for damages and for 52% of the damage burden., Conclusion: General surgery, orthopaedics and gynaecology invariably are, just as in previous studies, the specialties with the highest number of damage claims and the largest damage burden. Even when corrected for production volumes, these specialties comparatively have the most and most expensive damage claims.

Objective: To investigate the number and extent of claims concerning hospital care at a national level, thereby affording insight to the profession., Design: A quantitative, descriptive and comparative study., Method: We used anonymised data on all claims for damages from regular hospital care that were submitted to Centramed and MediRisk between 1 January 2007 and 31 December 2016. Between them, these two companies are the insurers of 95% of all Dutch hospitals. Using SPSS and Mathematica, we analysed the number of claims submitted, the average duration of the procedures, the manner in which they were settled, developments in the total cost of claims, and the settlements paid out to claimants., Results: A total of 15,115 claims were made between 2007 and 2016. Up to 2013, the number of claims increased annually, thereafter this stabilised. In 2016, 4.5% more claims were submitted than in 2007. During the same period, 15,306 claims were closed. The total claim-related cost was € 229,191,033 and showed a clearly rising trend throughout this period. In 2016 the cost of claims was four-and-a-half times as high as in 2007., Conclusion: The number of claims being made is rising, but not as quickly as the cost of claims which increased fivefold during the period under investigation. Compared with previous investigations, both the number and the extent of the claims increased significantly between 2007 and 2016.

Objective: To analyze data on sterilization and refertilization procedures that took place at Orbis Medical Center in Sittard, a hospital in the south of the Netherlands., Study Design: Retrospective cohort study of surgical tubal sterilizations performed on 966 patients for contraception between 2002 and 2011, and of 19 patients who underwent refertilization between 2002 and 2012. The main outcome measures were complications and failure rates of sterilization, motives for refertilization and pregnancy rates after refertilization. The t test and nonparametric tests were used to determine differences between groups and proportions., Results: Between 2002 and 2011, the number of sterilizations declined. Almost all the patients (99.8%) underwent laparoscopic sterilization. The most common method of sterilization used Filshie clips, and was used in 99.7% of the women. The median age at the time of sterilization was 37 years. The failure rate was 0.3%. All procedures were uneventful. The number of refertilizations during this time period also declined. The median time between sterilization and refertilization was 65 months. Patients who underwent refertilization were significantly younger at time of sterilization than patients who did not (p<0.001). After refertilization, 12 patients (63.2%) became pregnant., Conclusions: The complication and failure rates of laparoscopic sterilization are low. The number of laparoscopic sterilizations and the number of refertilizations are both declining. Still, refertilization is a safe procedure and gives a significant chance of becoming pregnant., (Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.)

A 16-year-old girl presented with primary amenorrhea and had had cyclical abdominal pain for almost a year. At examination we observed a painful mass in the lower abdomen and normal secondary sex characteristics. Perineal examination showed a bluish bulging hymen. Transabdominal ultrasonography revealed a dense mass in the pelvis measuring about 12×11 cm. We diagnosed an imperforate hymen with haematocolpos and haematometra. The hymen was opened surgically and a large quantity of menstrual blood was drained from the vagina and uterus. Postoperative recovery was normal without any pain. The patient now menstruates regularly. An imperforate hymen occurs in 0.05% of women. It is important to be aware of this while examining a female adolescent presenting with cyclical abdominal pain and primary amenorrhea. Late discovery of an imperforate hymen may lead to pain, infections, hydronephrosis and endometriosis with subfertility as a possible consequence.