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2. Pain and Pain Therapy

Author

Merskey, H., Henn, Fritz, editor, Sartorius, Norman, editor, Helmchen, Hanfried, editor, and Lauter, Hans, editor

Published
2001
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16. The positive triad of schizophrenic symptoms: its statistical properties and its relationship to 13 traditional diagnostic systems

Author

Landmark, J., Merskey, H., Cernovsky, Z., and Helmes, E.

Subjects
Schizophrenia -- Diagnosis, Psychiatric rating scales -- Evaluation, Schizophrenics -- Testing, Health
Abstract

Diagnostic criteria for schizophrenia have become more reliable and thus more useful over the years. This can be attributed to more stringent requirements for the inclusion of criteria in diagnostic systems. Generally the criteria, to be included, need to occur frequently enough to be of value, their occurrence must be consistently measurable by objective means, each criterion must be distinct, and while they must occur frequently in the target population, they must occur infrequently if at all in other populations. Computers have aided in the selection of criteria in this manner. The International Pilot Study of Schizophrenia (IPSS), undertaken by the World Health Organization, published symptom frequencies from cross-cultural investigations. The present study compares 88 independently arrived-at symptoms of schizophrenia with the IPSS to determine which are present on the IPSS list and would meet the criteria for inclusion as diagnostically relevant. One hundred and twenty patients were assessed for past and present symptoms of schizophrenia by personal interviews, interviews with family and friends, and via medical records. It was found that symptoms present in 25 percent of the subjects were not necessarily unique to schizophrenia but that symptoms present in between 50 percent and 90 percent of the cases generally matched those considered classic for schizophrenia. Auditory hallucinations, disturbance of affect, and passivity feelings emerged as a triad of symptoms which are seen in the IPSS. For diagnostic validity, the triad needs to be compared against reliable standards to determine if the symptoms are found in other samples of schizophrenics and absent in other populations. The triad of symptoms was compared with 13 other diagnostic systems for agreement as well, with a strong correlation seen to emerge. While the use of the triad may not provide an absolute measure of the presence of schizophrenia, it represents a core of symptoms for consideration. (Consumer Summary produced by Reliance Medical Information, Inc.)

Published
1990

19. The Case Of Ilya Glezer

Author

Merskey, H., Bates, J. A. V., Blackwood, W., Cavanagh, J. B., Corsellis, J. A. N., Curzon, G., Halliday, A. M., Nathan, P. W., and Wall, P. D.

Published
1972

26. Hyperthyroidism after Treatment with Lithium

Author

Persad E, Merskey H, and Forbath N

Subjects
Adult, Male, Thyroid Hormones, endocrine system, Pediatrics, medicine.medical_specialty, Bipolar Disorder, endocrine system diseases, Lithium (medication), Disease, Thyroid Function Tests, Hyperthyroidism, Lithium Carbonate, Thyroid dysfunction, Intervention (counseling), medicine, Humans, Basedow Disease, Depressive Disorder, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, business.industry, Middle Aged, Surgery, Psychiatry and Mental health, Drug Therapy, Combination, Female, business, hormones, hormone substitutes, and hormone antagonists, After treatment, medicine.drug
Abstract

The association between treatment with lithium and hypothyroidism is well documented. Reports of hyperthyroidism are rare and it is less well known among patients treated with lithium. It may be overlooked simply because the clinician will be watching for hypothyroidism, the reverse phenomenon. This paper describes the cases of four patients who have been on long term lithium treatment, all of whom developed Graves’ disease, or an atypical form of hyperthyroidism. Some suggestions are offered to account for the mechanism underlying this unusual association. Although hyperthyroidism may be rare among patients receiving lithium, astute clinical observation and appropriate laboratory tests are called for to detect the early stages of such thyroid dysfunction and to provide appropriate intervention.

Published
1993

37. Choice of contrast media

Author

Merskey, H

Subjects
Canada, Letter, Health Care Rationing, Contrast Media, Humans, Ethics, Medical
Published
1993

38. Hysteria, or 'suffocation of the mother'

Author

Merskey, H and Merskey, S J

Subjects
History, 17th Century, Uterine Diseases, Hysteria, Humans, Mothers, Female, History, 19th Century, Anxiety, History, 18th Century, History, Ancient, History, Medieval, Research Article
Abstract

OBJECTIVE: To understand or explain the surprising adherence of prominent physicians throughout the centuries to terms suggesting that the womb could move and cause suffocation, choking or difficulty in swallowing. DATA SOURCES: Hippocratic writings on hysterical symptoms and the views of subsequent authors and contexts surrounding such views. DATA SYNTHESIS: Physicians who followed Hippocrates repeatedly related difficulties in breathing or choking and difficulties in swallowing to the uterus, although most recognized that the womb did not rise out of the pelvis, except partially, when enlarged by pregnancy. Respiratory and gastrointestinal symptoms were often associated with anxiety. The effects may have been attributed to the womb, because it was recognized that the womb, when enlarged, can cause difficulty in breathing. Anxiety was also reported more often in women and may have been attributed to the womb for that reason. CONCLUSION: The suffocation of the mother can be understood as anxiety with dyspnea, and globus hystericus reflects anxiety with a choking sensation or difficulty in swallowing.

Published
1993

40. Conversion symptoms revised

Author

Merskey H

Subjects
Male, business.industry, computer.software_genre, Text mining, Neurology, Conversion Disorder, Medicine, Humans, Female, Neurology (clinical), Artificial intelligence, business, computer, Natural language processing
Published
1990

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