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2. Hospital Memories and Six-Month Psychological Outcome: A Prospective Study in Critical Ill Patients with COVID-19 Respiratory Failure

Author

Pozzi M., Ripa C., Meroni V., Ferlicca D., Annoni A., Villa M., Strepparava M. G., Rezoagli E., Piva S., Lucchini A., Bellani G., Foti G., Pozzi, M, Ripa, C, Meroni, V, Ferlicca, D, Annoni, A, Villa, M, Strepparava, M, Rezoagli, E, Piva, S, Lucchini, A, Bellani, G, and Foti, G

Subjects
long-term outcome, psychological outcome, PIC syndrome, ARDS, COVID-19 pneumonia, M-PSI/08 - PSICOLOGIA CLINICA, MED/41 - ANESTESIOLOGIA, ICU memorie
Abstract

ICU survivors suffer from various long-term physical and psychological impairments. Memories from the critical illness may influence long-term psychological outcome. In particular, the role of ICU memories in COVID-19 critically ill patients is unknown. In a prospective observational study, we aimed to investigate patients' memories from the experience of critical illness and their association with a six-month psychological outcome involving quality of life evaluation. Patients' memories were investigated with ICU Memory tool, while psychological outcome and quality of life were evaluated by means of a battery of validated questionnaires during an in-person interview at the follow-up clinic. 149 adult patients were enrolled. 60% retained memories from pre-ICU days spent on a general ward, while 70% reported memories from the in-ICU period. Delusional memories (i.e., memories of facts that never happened) were reported by 69% of patients. According to a multivariable analysis, the lack of pre-ICU memories was an independent predictor of worse psychological outcomes in terms of anxiety, depression and Post-traumatic Stress Disorder (PTDS). Factors associated with long-term outcome in ICU survivors are not still fully understood and patients' experience during the day spent before ICU admission may be associated with psychological sequelae.

Published
2023

16. Inter-hospital extracorporeal life support

Author

Redaelli G, Annoni A, Caruso R, Francesco Formica, Meroni V, Avalli L, Redaelli, G, Annoni, A, Caruso, R, Formica, F, Meroni, V, and Avalli, L

Subjects
cardiogenic shock, cardiac arrest, Case-Report, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation
Abstract

A 60-year-old man with history of hypertension and unspecified left ventricular dysfunction had chest pain at home at 9 am. At 1 pm he was transported to a peripheal hospital and treated for acute myocardial infarction. At 4.30 pm, despite pharmacological and intra aortic balloon pump support , the extreme hemodynamic instability and the echocardiographic signs forced the doctors in charge to contact the "extracorporeal membrane oxygenation team" of our Intensive Care Unit. The team, that in our hospital is composed of an intensivist, a cardiac surgeon, a perfusionist and a nurse, reached the hospital at 5.15 pm and performed a percutaneous cannulation of right femoral artery and left femoral vein connecting the patient to the extracorporeal membrane oxygenation circuit. At 6.30 pm the patient on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation was transferred by ambulance to the Cardiac Surgery Intensive Care Unit of San Gerardo Hospital in Monza. On day 20 he was transferred back to the original hospital without neurological deficits, with normal renal function and normal blood gas analysis.

Published
2010

17. 37th International Symposium on Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine (part 1 of 3)

Author

Karavana, V., Smith, I., Kanellis, G., Sigala, I., Kinsella, T., Zakynthinos, S., Liu, L., Chen, J., Zhang, X., Liu, A., Guo, F., Liu, S., Yang, Y., Qiu, H., Grimaldi, D. G., Kaya, E., Acicbe, O., Kayaalp, I., Asar, S., Dogan, M., Eren, G., Hergunsel, O., Pavelescu, D., Grintescu, I., Mirea, L., Guanziroli, M., Gotti, M., Marino, A., Cressoni, M., Vergani, G., Chiurazzi, C., Chiumello, D., Gattinoni, L., Spano, S., Massaro, F., Moustakas, A., Johansson, S., Larsson, A., Perchiazzi, G., Zhang, X. W., Guo, F. M., Chen, J. X., Xue, M., Qiu, H. B., Yang, L., Fister, M., Knafelj, R., Suzer, M. A., Kavlak, M. E., Atalan, H. K., Gucyetmez, B., Cakar, N., Weller, D., Grootendorst, A. F., Dijkstra, A., Kuijper, T. M., Cleffken, B. I., Regli, A., De Keulenaer, B., Van Heerden, P., Hadfield, D., Hopkins, P. A., Penhaligon, B., Reid, F., Hart, N., Rafferty, G. F., Grasselli, G., Mauri, T., Lazzeri, M., Carlesso, E., Cambiaghi, B., Eronia, N., Maffezzini, E., Bronco, A., Abbruzzese, C., Rossi, N., Foti, G., Bellani, G., Pesenti, A., Bassi, G. Li, Panigada, M., Ranzani, O., Kolobow, T., Zanella, A., Berra, L., Parrini, V., Kandil, H., Salati, G., Livigni, S., Amatu, A., Girardis, M., Barbagallo, M., Moise, G., Mercurio, G., Costa, A., Vezzani, A., Lindau, S., Babel, J., Cavana, M., Torres, A., Ranzani, O. T., Umbrello, M., Taverna, M., Formenti, P., Mistraletti, G., Vetrone, F., Baisi, A., Garnero, A. G., Novotni, D. N., Arnal, J. A., Urner, M., Fan, E., Dres, M., Vorona, S., Brochard, L., Ferguson, N. D., Goligher, E. C., Leung, C., Joynt, G., Wong, W., Lee, A., Gomersall, C., Poels, S., Casaer, M., Schetz, M., Van den Berghe, G., Meyfroidt, G., Holzgraefe, B., Von Kobyletzki, L. B., Cianchi, G., Becherucci, F., Batacchi, S., Cozzolino, M., Franchi, F., Di Valvasone, S., Ferraro, M. C., Peris, A., Phiphitthanaban, H., Wacharasint, P., Wongsrichanalai, V., Lertamornpong, A., Pengpinij, O., Wattanathum, A., Oer-areemitr, N., Boddi, M., Cappellini, E., Ciapetti, M., Di Lascio, G., Bonizzoli, M., Lazzeri, C., Katsin, M. L., Hurava, M. Y., Dzyadzko, A. M., Hermann, A., Schellongowski, P., Bojic, A., Riss, K., Robak, O., Lamm, W., Sperr, W., Staudinger, T., Buoninsegni, L. Tadini, Parodo, J., Ottaviano, A., Cecci, L., Corsi, E., Ricca, V., de Garibay, A. Perez Ruiz, Ende-Schneider, B., Schreiber, C., Kreymann, B., Turani, F., Resta, M., Niro, D., Castaldi, P., Boscolo, G., Gonsales, G., Martini, S., Belli, A., Zamidei, L., Falco, M., Lamas, T., Mendes, J., Galazzi, A., Benco, B., Binda, F., Masciopinto, L., Lissoni, A., Adamini, I., Thamjamrassri, T., Watcharotayangul, J., Numthavaj, P., Kongsareepong, S., Higuera, J., Cabestrero, D., Rey, L., Narváez, G., Blandino, A., Aroca, M., Saéz, S., De Pablo, R., Mohamed, A., Sklar, M., Munshi, L., Alban, L., Turrini, C., Taccone, P., Marenghi, C., Spadaro, S., Volta, C., Alonso, D. Cabestrero, González, L. Rey, Franci, A., Stocchi, G., Cappuccini, G., Socci, F., Guetti, C., Rastrelli, P., Nestorowicz, A., Glapinski, J., Fijalkowska-Nestorowicz, A., Wosko, J., Duprez, F., Bonus, T., Cuvelier, G., Mashayekhi, S., Ollieuz, S., Reychler, G., Kuchyn, I., Bielka, K., Sergienko, A., Jones, H., Day, C., Park, S. C., Yeom, S. R., Myatra, S. N., Gupta, S., Rajnala, V., Divatia, J., Silva, J. Villalobos, Olvera, O. Aguilera, Schulte, R. Cavazos, Bermudez, M. Castañeda, Zorrilla, L. Pariente, Ferretis, H. Lopez, García, K. Trejo, Balciuniene, N., Ramsaite, J., Kriukelyte, O., Krikscionaitiene, A., Tamosuitis, T., Terragni, P., Brazzi, L., Falco, D., Pistidda, L., Magni, G., Bartoletti, L., Mascia, L., Filippini, C., Ranieri, V., Kyriakoudi, A., Rovina, N., Koltsida, O., Konstantellou, E., Kardara, M., Kostakou, E., Gavriilidis, G., Vasileiadis, I., Koulouris, N., Koutsoukou, A., Van Snippenburg, W., Kröner, A., Flim, M., Buise, M., Hemler, R., Spronk, P., Noffsinger, B., Singh, B., Hockings, L., Spina, C., Magni, F., Di Giambattista, C., Vargiolu, A., Citerio, G., Scaramuzzo, G., Waldmann, A. D., Böhm, S. H., Ragazzi, R., Volta, C. A., Heines, S. J., Strauch, U., Van de Poll, M. C., Roekaerts, P. M., Bergmans, D. C., Sosio, S., Gatti, S., Punzi, V., Asta, A., Mroczka, J., Yaroshetskiy, A. I, Rezepov, N. A., Mandel, I. A., Gelfand, B. R., Ozen, E., Karakoc, E., Ayyildiz, A., Kara, S., Ekemen, S., Yelken, B. Buyukkidan, Saasouh, W., Freeman, J., Turan, A., Hajjej, Z., Sellami, W., Bousselmi, M., Samoud, W., Gharsallah, H., Labbene, I., Ferjani, M., Vetrugno, L., Barbariol, F., Forfori, F., Regeni, I., Della Rocca, G., Jansen, D., Jonkman, A., Doorduin, J., Roesthuis, L., Van der Hoeven, J., Heunks, L., Marocco, S. Arrigoni, Bottiroli, M., Pinciroli, R., Galanti, V., Calini, A., Gagliardone, M., Fumagalli, R., Ippolito, D., Sala, V. L., Meroni, V., Elbanna, M., Nassar, Y., Abdelmohsen, A., Yahia, M., Mongodi, S., Mojoli, F., Via, G., Tavazzi, G., Fava, F., Pozzi, M., Iotti, G. A., Bouhemad, B., Ruiz-Ferron, F., Simón, J. Serrano, Gordillo-Resina, M., Chica-Saez, V., Garcia, M. Ruiz, Vela-Colmenero, R., Redondo-Orts, M., Gontijo-Coutinho, C., Ozahata, T., Nocera, P., Franci, D., Santos, T., Carvalho-Filho, M., Fochi, O., Nacoti, M., Signori, D., Bonacina, D., Bonanomi, E., Bonvecchio, E., Stella, A., Roldi, E., Orlando, A., Luperto, M., Trunfio, D., Licitra, G., Martinelli, R., Vannini, D., Giuliano, G., Näslund, E., Lindberg, L. G., Lund, I., Frithiof, R., Nichols, A., Pentakota, S., Kodali, B., Pranskunas, A., Kiudulaite, I., Simkiene, J., Damanskyte, D., Pranskuniene, Z., Arstikyte, J., Vaitkaitis, D., Pilvinis, V., Brazaitis, M., Pool, R., Haugaa, H., Botero, A., Escobar, D., Maberry, D., Tønnessen, T., Zuckerbraun, B., Pinsky, M., Gomez, H., Lyons, H., Trimmings, A., Domizi, R., Scorcella, C., Damiani, E., Pierantozzi, S., Tondi, S., Monaldi, V., Carletti, A., Zuccari, S., Adrario, E., Pelaia, P., Donati, A., Kazune, S., Grabovskis, A., Volceka, K., Rubins, U., Bol, M., Suverein, M., Delnoij, T., Driessen, R., Heines, S., Delhaas, T., Vd Poll, M., Sels, J., Jozwiak, M., Chambaz, M., Sentenac, P., Richard, C., Monnet, X., Teboul, J. L., Bitar, Z., Maadarani, O., Al Hamdan, R., Huber, W., Malbrain, M., Chew, M., Mallat, J., Tagami, T., Hundeshagen, S., Wolf, S., Mair, S., Schmid, R., Aron, J., Adlam, M., Dua, G., Mu, L., Chen, L., Yoon, J., Clermont, G., Dubrawski, A., Duhailib, Z., Al Assas, K., Shafquat, A., Salahuddin, N., Donaghy, J., Morgan, P., Valeanu, L., Stefan, M., Provenchere, S., Longrois, D., Shaw, A., Mythen, M. G., Shook, D., Hayashida, D., Munson, S. H., Sawyer, A., Mariyaselvam, M., Blunt, M., Young, P., Nakwan, N., Khwannimit, B., Checharoen, P., Berger, D., Moller, P., Bloechlinger, S., Bloch, A., Jakob, S., Takala, J., Van den Brule, J. M., Stolk, R., Vinke, E., Van Loon, L. M., Pickkers, P., Van der Hoeven, J. G., Kox, M., Hoedemaekers, C. W., Werner-Moller, P., Bertini, P., Guarracino, F., Colosimo, D., Gonnella, S., Brizzi, G., Mancino, G., Baldassarri, R., Pinsky, M. R., Amitrano, D., Goslar, T., Stajer, D., Radsel, P., De Vos, R., Dijk, N. Bussink-van, Stringari, G., Cogo, G., Devigili, A., Graziadei, M. Ceola, Bresadola, E., Lubli, P., Amella, S., Marani, F., Polati, E., Gottin, L., Colinas, L., Hernández, G., Vicho, R., Serna, M., Canabal, A., Cuena, R., Gimenez, J., Mercado, P., Depret, F., Sassi, K., Herner, A., Abded, N., Elghonemi, M., Monir, A., Nikhilesh, J., Apurv, T., Uber, A. U., Grossestreuer, A., Moskowitz, A., Patel, P., Holmberg, M. J., Donnino, M. W., Graham, C. A., Hung, K., Lo, R., Leung, L. Y., Lee, K. H., Yeung, C. Y., Chan, S. Y., Trembach, N., Zabolotskikh, I., Caldas, J., Panerai, R., Camara, L., Ferreira, G., Almeida, J., de Oliveira, G. Queiroz, Jardim, J., Bor-Seng-Shu, E., Lima, M., Nogueira, R., Jatene, F., Zeferino, S., Galas, F., Robinson, T., Hajjar, L. A., Oliveira, M., Norgueira, R., Groehs, R., Ferreira-Santos, L., Oliveira, G., Hajjar, L., Ribeiro, J., Gaiotto, F., Lisboa, L., Fukushima, J., Rizk, S., Osawa, E., Franco, R., Kalil, R., Chlabicz, M., Sobkowicz, B., Kaminski, K., Kazimierczyk, R., Musial, W., Tycińska, A., Siranovic, M., Gopcevic, A., Gavranovic, Z. G., Horvat, A. H., Krolo, H., Rode, B., Videc, L., Trifi, A., Abdellatif, S., Ismail, K. Ben, Bouattour, A., Daly, F., Nasri, R., Lakhal, S. Ben, Beurton, A., Girotto, V., Galarza, L., Guedj, T., Iliæ, M. Karaman, Sakic, L., NN, V., Stojcic, L., Alphonsine, J., Lai, C., Tapanwong, N., Chuntupama, P., Hoellthaler, J., Lahmer, T., Latham, H., Bengtson, C. D., Satterwhite, L., Stites, M., Simpson, S. Q., Skladzien, T., Cicio, M., Garlicki, J., Serednicki, W., Wordliczek, J., Vargas, P., Salazar, A., Espinoza, M., Graf, J., Kongpolprom, N., Sanguanwong, N., Jonnada, S., Gerrard, C., Jones, N., Morley, T., Thorburn, P. T., Musaeva, T., Horst, S., Lipcsey, M., Kawati, R., Pikwer, A., Rasmusson, J., Castegren, M., Shilova, A., Yafarova, A., Gilyarov, M., Stojiljkovic, D. L. Loncar, Ulici, A., Reidt, S., Lam, T., Jancik, J., Ragab, D., Taema, K., Farouk, W., Saad, M., Liu, X., Uber, A., Montissol, S., Donnino, M., Andersen, L. W., Perlikos, F., Lagiou, M., Papalois, A., Kroupis, C., Toumpoulis, I., Carter, D., Sardo, S., Landoni, G., Kongsayreepong, S., Sungsiri, R., Wongsripunetit, P., Marchio, P., Guerra-Ojeda, S., Gimeno-Raga, M., Mauricio, M. D., Valles, S. L., Aldasoro, C., Jorda, A., Aldasoro, M., Vila, J. M., Borg, U. B., Neitenbach, A. M., García, M., González, P. Guijo, Romero, M. Gracia, Orduña, P. Saludes, Cano, A. Gil, Rhodes, A., Grounds, R. M., Cecconi, M., Lee, C., Hatib, F., Jian, Z., Rinehart, J., De Los Santos, J., Canales, C., Cannesson, M., García, M. I. Monge, Scheeren, T., Chantziara, V., Vassi, A., Michaloudis, G., Sanidas, E., Golemati, S., Bateman, R. M., Mokhtar, A., Omar, W., Aziz, K. Abdel, El Azizy, H., Nielsen, D. L. Lykke, Holler, J. G., Lassen, A., Eriksson, M., Strandberg, G., Capoletto, C., Nakamura, R., Risk, S., Park, C., Dias, F., D’Arrigo, N., Fortuna, F., Redaelli, S., Zerman, L., Becker, L., Serrano, T., Cotes, L., Ramos, F., Fadel, L., Coelho, F., Mendes, C., Real, J., Pedron, B., Kuroki, M., Costa, E., and Azevedo, L.

Subjects
Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine, Meeting Abstracts
Published
2017

21. Serotyping of Toxoplasma gondii in chronically infected pregnant women : predominance of type II in Europe and types I and III in Colombia (South America)

Author

Peyron, F., Lobry, J.R., Musset, K., Ferrandiz, J., Gómez-Marín, J.E., Petersen, E., Meroni, V., Rausher, B., Mercier, C.O., Picot, S., Cesbron-Delauw, M.F., Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive - UMR 5558 (LBBE), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Ecologie quantitative et évolutive des communautés, Département écologie évolutive [LBBE], Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), and Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive - UMR 5558 (LBBE)

Subjects
[SDV.OT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Other [q-bio.OT]
Published
2006

35. Spiramycin Treatment of Toxoplasma gondiiInfection in Pregnant Women Impairs the Production and the Avidity Maturation of T. gondii-Specific Immunoglobulin G Antibodies

Author

Meroni, V., Genco, F., Tinelli, C., Lanzarini, P., Bollani, L., Stronati, M., and Petersen, E.

Abstract

ABSTRACTThe aim of the study was to evaluate the influence of treatment with spiramycin on the increase of immunoglobulin G (IgG) titers and IgG avidity indexes (AI) in pregnant women with seroconversion from the beginning of therapy until delivery and after delivery. This group was compared with adult patients with recently acquired untreated toxoplasmosis. One hundred four samples from 32 pregnant women with seroconversion for toxoplasmosis and/or very low IgG AI were followed from the beginning of therapy with spiramycin until delivery. Twenty-nine women were further followed some months after delivery and interruption of therapy. Thirty-eight samples from 16 untreated, nonpregnant patients were evaluated as the control group. The Toxoplasma gondii-specific IgG antibody and the T. gondii-specific IgG AI were significantly delayed in pregnant women receiving therapy compared to nonpregnant, untreated controls, and the findings were consistent with the results of assays from two different manufacturers. The T. gondii-specific IgG AI increased in pregnant women after they gave birth. Avidity maturation is delayed during pregnancy and treatment, and low-avidity antibodies in pregnant women within 3 to 4 months cannot be taken as a sign of infection.

Published
2009
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36. [Prenatal diagnosis of congenital toxoplasmosis]

Author

Taglioretti A, Vucetich A, Agostoni G, Ravizza M, Meroni V, AUGUSTO ENRICO SEMPRINI, and Pardi G

Subjects
Adult, Fetal Diseases, Immunoglobulin M, Pregnancy, Prenatal Diagnosis, Humans, Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay, Female, Toxoplasmosis, Congenital
Abstract

Primary Toxoplasmosis is devoid of any consequences in the mother in most cases, while the fetus can suffer serious damages following transplacental passage of the parasite. This is probably due to its limited immunocompetence. 440 women have been seen for suspected primary infection during pregnancy: clinical and serological parameters excluded infection in 62% of the cases. In 168 cases primary infection was likely and they underwent therapy with Spiramycin 3 grams per day to prevent placental and fetal colonization: 53 cases were elected for invasive prenatal diagnosis. Amniotic fluid was obtained by amniocentesis and fetal blood by ultrasound guided cordocentesis and by fetoscopy: the samples were analyzed for specific anti Toxoplasma IgM and sent for isolation of the parasite. Diagnosis of fetal infection was made in 4 cases: 3 cases had specific IgM in cord blood, 1 case showed intracranial calcifications by ultrasound screening. Fetal infection rate is thus below 10% and prenatal diagnosis avoids unjustified interruption of pregnancies complicated by maternal toxoplasmic infection.

Published
1989

37. An improved method for increasing the sensitivity of direct agglutination test (D.A.T.) to the detection of IgM and IgG anti-Toxoplasma antibodies

Author

Filice, G., Carnevale, G., Meroni, V., Gagliardi, V., Francesco Castelli, and Carosi, G.

Subjects
Adult, Immunoglobulin M, Agglutination Tests, Immunoglobulin G, Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Humans, Toxoplasma, Antibodies, Toxoplasmosis
Abstract

The present investigation has shown that the antibody titers obtained by IgG-IFA correlate well with 2-ME-DA (correlation coefficient 0.927, p less than 0.001). These results are obtained when the antibody titers are expressed as IU/ml. Buffer without 2-ME and purification of IgM fractions by simple gel-filtration method seem to be necessary conditions for detecting IgM antibodies by DA test in adult patients. Therefore the DA with these micromodifications has a specificity and sensitivity similar to those of IgG and IgM-IFA tests and would be convenient for laboratories that perform large scale surveys during pregnancy.

Published
1984

39. Toxoplasmosis in pregnancy: evaluation of diagnostic methods

Author

Meroni, V. and francesca genco

Subjects
Adult, Antibody Affinity, Infant, Newborn, Antibodies, Protozoan, Prenatal Care, Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical, Toxoplasmosis, Congenital, Immunoglobulin M, Pregnancy, Immunoglobulin G, Prenatal Diagnosis, Animals, Humans, Female, Pregnancy Trimesters, Pregnancy Complications, Infectious, Toxoplasma, Toxoplasmosis
Abstract

Toxoplasmosis in pregnancy is usually subclinic or associated with non specific symptoms. Diagnosis and timing of infection are usually based on serological tests. In this short review we tried to summarize the serological patterns we can encounter and to discuss the interpretation of test results.

41. Multidisciplinary approach to congenital Toxoplasma infection: An Italian nationwide survey

Author

Tomasoni, L. R., Meroni, V., Bonfanti, C., Bollani, L., Lanzarini, P., Frusca, T., and Francesco Castelli

Subjects
Adult, Male, Infant, Newborn, Antibodies, Protozoan, Infant, Newborn, Antibodies, Toxoplasmosis, Congenital, Pregnancy Complications, Congenital, Young Adult, Italy, Pregnancy, Parasitic, Pregnancy Complications, Parasitic, Prenatal Diagnosis, Protozoan, Humans, Female, Toxoplasma, Toxoplasmosis
Abstract

Italy provides a free voluntary serological screening for toxoplasmosis in pregnancy supported by public health system, as there is an estimated congenital toxoplasmosis rate of 1-2/10,000. The aim of this study was to make an inventory of diagnostic and therapeutic protocols in use in Italy in the absence of a national guideline. A semistructured questionnaire was distributed to AMCLI (Italian Association of Clinical Microbiologists) members who were asked to involve other specialists to fill in the form. Data from 26 centers show: a) a general use of the IgG avidity test to solve diagnosis in IgG/IgM positive, pregnant women; b) a widespread attitude to spyramicin antenatal treatment in suspected, unconfirmed maternal infection; c) avoidance of invasive antenatal diagnosis only in suspected early or late (24 weeks), even confirmed, maternal infection d) fetal diagnosis performed by PCR assays on amniotic fluid; e) variability of both indications and dosage of pyrimethamine-sulfadiazine (P-S) as fetal treatment; f) use of comparative mother and newborn IgG/IgM Immuneblot in most centers; g) no diagnostic tests performed on placenta and cord blood; h) spyramicin is no longer used in congenital infections; i) no P-S-based treatment for children at high risk of congenital infection (late maternal infection) in the absence of diagnosis. As there is the opportunity to test pregnant women for Toxoplasma gondii infection in Italy free of charge, standardized diagnostic and therapeutic national guidelines would focus on a more uniform approach.

44. Ocular impairment of toxoplasmosis

Author

Antoniazzi E, Guagliano R, Meroni V, Sara Pezzotta, and Pe, Bianchi

Subjects
Adult, Male, Adolescent, Antiprotozoal Agents, Infant, Newborn, Antibodies, Protozoan, DNA, Protozoan, Toxoplasmosis, Congenital, Immunocompromised Host, Adrenal Cortex Hormones, Pregnancy, Animals, Humans, Female, Child, Toxoplasmosis, Ocular, Toxoplasma
Abstract

The purpose of this review is to update the latest information about ocular toxoplasmosis. The infection can be congenital or acquired, but also depends about the immune condition of the patient and can affect the eye. Ocular symptoms are variable according to the age of the subject. Retinochoroiditis is the most common manifestation of toxoplasmic infection. Toxoplasmic retinochoroiditis typically affects the posterior pole, and the lesions can be solitary or multiple. Active lesions present as grey-white focus of retinal necrosis with adjacent choroiditis, vasculitis, hemorrhage and vitreitis. Anterior uveitis is a common finding. Atypical presentations include punctate outer retinitis, neuroretinitis and papillitis. Depending on the patient's age and the localization of the lesion, ocular symptoms vary usually presenting with reduced visual acuity or without symptoms. The laboratory diagnosis of toxoplasmosis is based on detection of antibodies and T. gondii DNA using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) which fulfillis clinical findings. Toxoplasmosis therapy includes antimicrobial drugs and corticosteroids. There are several regimens with different drug combinations including, among others, pyrimethamine, sulfadiazine, clindamycin, and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazol.

46. Ultrasound Versus Computed Tomography for Diaphragmatic Thickness and Skeletal Muscle Index during Mechanical Ventilation

Author

Stefano Gatti, Chiara Abbruzzese, Davide Ippolito, Sophie Lombardi, Andrea De Vito, Davide Gandola, Veronica Meroni, Vittoria Ludovica Sala, Sandro Sironi, Antonio Pesenti, Giuseppe Foti, Emanuele Rezoagli, Giacomo Bellani, Gatti, S, Abbruzzese, C, Ippolito, D, Lombardi, S, De Vito, A, Gandola, D, Meroni, V, Sala, V, Sironi, S, Pesenti, A, Foti, G, Rezoagli, E, and Bellani, G

Subjects
critical care, diaphragm, ultrasound, Clinical Biochemistry, mechanical ventilation, computed tomography, skeletal muscle index
Abstract

Background: Diaphragmatic alterations occurring during mechanical ventilation (MV) can be monitored using ultrasound (US). The performance of computed tomography (CT) to evaluate diaphragmatic thickness is limited. Further, the association between muscle mass and outcome is increasingly recognized. However, no data are available on its correlation with diaphragmatic thickness. We aimed to determine correlation and agreement of diaphragmatic thickness between CT and US; and its association with muscle mass and MV parameters. Methods: Prospective observational study. US measurements of the diaphragmatic thickness were collected in patients undergoing MV within 12 h before or after performing a CT scan of the thorax and/or upper abdomen. Data on skeletal muscle index (SMI), baseline, and ventilatory data were recorded and correlated with US and CT measures of diaphragmatic thickness. Agreement was explored between US and CT data. Results: Twenty-nine patients were enrolled and the diaphragm measured by CT resulted overall thicker than US-based measurement of the right hemidiaphragm. The US thickness showed the strongest correlation with the left posterior pillar at CT (r = 0.49, p = 0.008). The duration of the controlled MV was negatively correlated with US thickness (r = −0.45, p = 0.017), the thickness of the right anterior pillar (r = −0.41, p = 0.029), and splenic dome by CT (r = −0.43, p = 0.023). SMI was positively correlated with US diaphragmatic thickness (r = 0.50, p = 0.007) and inversely correlated with the duration of MV before enrollment (r = −0.426, p = 0.027). Conclusions: CT scan of the left posterior pillar can estimate diaphragmatic thickness and is moderately correlated with US measurements. Both techniques show that diaphragm thickness decreases with MV duration. The diaphragmatic thickness by US showed a good correlation with SMI.

Published
2022

47. Clinical value of electrical impedance tomography (EIT) in the management of patients with acute respiratory failure: a single centre experience

Author

Giacomo Bellani, Alfio Bronco, Giuseppe Foti, Valeria Meroni, Emanuele Rezoagli, Francesca Rabboni, Maddalena Teggia-Droghi, Alice Grassi, Cecilia Giovannoni, Bronco, A, Grassi, A, Meroni, V, Giovannoni, C, Rabboni, F, Rezoagli, E, Teggia-Droghi, M, Foti, G, and Bellani, G

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, Physiology, medicine.medical_treatment, Population, Biomedical Engineering, Biophysics, Respiratory physiology, mechanical ventilation, Positive-Pressure Respiration, electrical impedance tomograpy, Physiology (medical), Internal medicine, Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, Electric Impedance, Medicine, Humans, education, Electrical impedance tomography, Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Tomography, Positive end-expiratory pressure, Retrospective Studies, Mechanical ventilation, education.field_of_study, business.industry, respiratory system, respiratory tract diseases, positive end expiratory pressure, Breathing, Cardiology, business, Respiratory Insufficiency, circulatory and respiratory physiology, Cohort study
Abstract

Objective.We will describe our clinical experience using electrical impedance tomography (EIT) in the management of mechanical ventilation in patients with acute respiratory failure and to determine to which extent EIT-guided positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) setting differed from clinically set values.Approach.We conducted a retrospective, observational cohort study performed in a hub centre for the treatment of acute respiratory failure and veno-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO).Main results.Between January 2017 and December 2019, EIT was performed 54 times in 41 patients, not feasible only in one case because of signal instability. More than 50% was on veno-venous ECMO support. In 16 cases (30%), EIT was used for monitoring mechanical ventilation, i.e. to evaluate recruitability or sigh setting. In 37 cases (70%), EIT was used to set PEEP both with incremental (11 cases in nine patients) and decremental (26 cases, 18 patients) PEEP trial. Clinical PEEP before the decremental PEEP trial (PEEPPRE) was 14.1 ± 3.4 cmH2O and clinical PEEP set by clinicians after the PEEP trial (PEEPPOST) was 13.6 ± 3.1 (p = ns). EIT analyses demonstrated that more hypoxic patients were higher derecruited when compared to less hypoxic patients that were, on the contrary, more overdistended (p

Published
2021

48. Parasitological and pathological findings in fin whales Balaenoptera physalus stranded along Italian coastlines

Author

D Ajzenberg, Sandro Mazzariol, Erica Marchiori, V Meroni, Andrea Gustinelli, Federica Marcer, Cinzia Centelleghe, Marcer, F, Marchiori, E, Centelleghe, C, Ajzenberg, D, Gustinelli, A, Meroni, V, and Mazzariol, S

Subjects
Nematoda, 040301 veterinary sciences, Fauna, Zoology, Aquatic Science, Biology, Environment, medicine.disease_cause, Balaenoptera physalus, Helminth, Crustacean, Toxoplasma gondii, Parasite, Genotyping, Mediterranean Sea, 0403 veterinary science, Ectoparasitism, biology.animal, Infestation, medicine, Helminths, Parasite hosting, Animals, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Balaenoptera, Fin Whale, Whale, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, biology.organism_classification, Pennella, 040102 fisheries, 0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries, Cetacea
Abstract

Mediterranean fin whales Balaenoptera physalus face many threats to their conservation, including both anthropogenic and natural issues. There are few records of the parasitic fauna of this species in this geographical area. To partially fill in this gap of knowledge, we investigated the presence and potential impact of parasitic diseases in Mediterranean fin whales. Seven animals stranded along Italian coastlines between 2006 and 2015 were submitted for necropsy and parasitological examination. The protozoan parasite Toxoplasma gondii was detected in 1 fin whale and, for the first time in mysticetes, it was successfully genotyped as a type II strain with 15 microsatellite markers. One crustacean (Pennella spp.) and 4 helminth taxa (Crassicauda boopis, Ogmogaster antarcticus, Tetrabothrius ruudi and Bolbosoma sp.) were detected and morphologically identified. Different degrees of ectoparasitism by adult P. balaenoptera were recorded. Immature stages of Pennella sp. were also detected in 2 animals and are described here for the first time in cetaceans. Infestation by C. boopis was confirmed or suspected in 5 cases. Parasitic thrombi, involving renal veins and caudal vena cava, and fibrosis of renal parenchyma were associated with C. boopis and likely resulted in some degree of renal dysfunction. Larval nematodes were found within foci of mesenteric endarteritis. Further research to evaluate the prevalence of this potentially fatal endoparasitosis in Mediterranean fin whales is warranted.

Published
2019

49. Toxoplasmosis in Transplant Recipients, Europe, 2010-2014

Author

Hervé Pelloux, Isabelle Accoceberry, Effrossyni Gkrania-Klotsas, Zoi Dorothea Pana, Marie-Pierre Brenier-Pinchart, Hamdi Akan, Damien Dupont, Jordi Carratalà, María Carmen Fariñas, Jose-Manuel Garcia, Lubos Drgona, Isabella Abbate, Miruna D. David, Christian van Delden, Isabelle Villena, Fabrizio Bruschi, Tijana Štajner, Lia Monica Junie, Cédric Hirzel, Edward Guy, Nina Khanna, Oscar Len, Valeria Meroni, Florence Robert-Gangneux, Andreas H. Groll, Patricia Muñoz, Tiziana Lazzarotto, Françoise Botterel, Özgür Kurt, Katia Boggian, Nicolas J. Mueller, Francesca Genco, Olgica Djurković-Djaković, Oriol Manuel, Emmanuel Roilides, Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail (Irset), Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Rennes (UR)-École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] (EHESP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique ), Epidémiosurveillance de protozooses à transmission alimentaire et vectorielle (ESCAPE), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l'alimentation, de l'environnement et du travail (ANSES), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Reims (CHU Reims), Universitat de Barcelona, Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] (EHESP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique ), Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l'alimentation, de l'environnement et du travail (ANSES)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA), and Robert-Gangneux F, Meroni V, Dupont D, Botterel F, Garcia JMA, Brenier-Pinchart MP, Accoceberry I, Akan H, Abbate I, Boggian K, Bruschi F, Carratalà J, David M, Drgona L, Djurković-Djaković O, Farinas MC, Genco F, Gkrania-Klotsas E, Groll AH, Guy E, Hirzel C, Khanna N, Kurt Ö, Junie LM, Lazzarotto T, Len O, Mueller NJ, Munoz P, Pana ZD, Roilides E, Stajner T, van Delden C, Villena I, Pelloux H, Manuel O

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Pediatrics, Epidemiology, medicine.medical_treatment, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], lcsh:Medicine, Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, Chemoprophylaxis, Toxoplasmosis in Transplant Recipients, Europe, 2010–2014, Organ transplantation, 0302 clinical medicine, Risk Factors, Antibiotics, 030212 general & internal medicine, hematopoietic stem cell transplant, toxoplasma infection, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, cerebral toxoplasmosis, Cerebral toxoplasmosis, education.field_of_study, ddc:617, Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Middle Aged, 3. Good health, Europe, Infectious Diseases, Electronic data, Hematopoietic stem cell transplant, Europa, Toxoplasma, Toxoplasmosis, Adult, Microbiology (medical), medicine.medical_specialty, Paràsits, 030106 microbiology, Population, Antibiòtics, parasites, lcsh:Infectious and parasitic diseases, 03 medical and health sciences, transplant recipient, medicine, Humans, lcsh:RC109-216, Parasites, education, Survival rate, Retrospective Studies, Toxoplasma infection, Transplantation, business.industry, Research, lcsh:R, chemoprophylaxis, Organ Transplantation, medicine.disease, Transplant Recipients, cotrimoxazole, transplantation, Cotrimoxazole, business, Toxoplasmosi gondii, prevention practices, prevalence, outcomes, hematopoietic stem cell transplant, solid organ transplant, Transplant recipient
Abstract

Transplantation activity is increasing, leading to a growing number of patients at risk for toxoplasmosis. We reviewed toxoplasmosis prevention practices, prevalence, and outcomes for hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) and solid organ transplant (SOT; heart, kidney, or liver) patients in Europe. We collected electronic data on the transplant population and prevention guidelines/regulations and clinical data on toxoplasmosis cases diagnosed during 2010-2014. Serologic pretransplant screening of allo-hematopoietic stem cell donors was performed in 80% of countries, screening of organ donors in 100%. SOT recipients were systematically screened in 6 countries. Targeted anti-Toxoplasma chemoprophylaxis was heterogeneous. A total of 87 toxoplasmosis cases were recorded (58 allo-HSCTs, 29 SOTs). The 6-month survival rate was lower among Toxoplasma-seropositive recipients and among allo-hematopoietic stem cell and liver recipients. Chemoprophylaxis improved outcomes for SOT recipients. Toxoplasmosis remains associated with high mortality rates among transplant recipients. Guidelines are urgently needed to standardize prophylactic regimens and optimize patient management.

Published
2018

50. Il diritto al confronto nel sistema processuale statunitense e influenze sul processo penale italiano

Author

MERONI, VALENTINA, Meroni, V, and MAZZA, OLIVIERO

Subjects
IUS/17 - DIRITTO PENALE, immunità, hearsay, confrontation, cofelon, testimonianza, inutilizzabilità, contraddittorio, confronto, immunity
Abstract

Il diritto al confronto con il teste d'accusa come elemento fondante del sistema processuale angloamericano è stato posto alla base di importanti riforme del codice di rito. Tuttavia, il sistema di procedura penale italiano è fondato su principi costituzionali ostativi alla piena omologazione delle due tipologie di accertamento penale. The right of the accused to confront with the witness against him is a milestone of the American adversarial trial. Even though it has inspired important reformations of the Italian criminal procedure code, the latter is based on a different set of constitutional principles. These fundamental differences prevent the Italian criminal trial from embracing the American confrontation's model to the fullest.

Published
2018

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