Search

Your search keyword '"Mernild, Sebastian H."' showing total 379 results
Start Over Author "Mernild, Sebastian H."
379 results on '"Mernild, Sebastian H."'

2. The Arctic in the Twenty-First Century: Changing Biogeochemical Linkages across a Paraglacial Landscape of Greenland

Author

Anderson, N John, Saros, Jasmine E, Bullard, Joanna E, Cahoon, Sean MP, McGowan, Suzanne, Bagshaw, Elizabeth A, Barry, Christopher D, Bindler, Richard, Burpee, Benjamin T, Carrivick, Jonathan L, Fowler, Rachel A, Fox, Anthony D, Fritz, Sherilyn C, Giles, Madeleine E, Hamerlik, Ladislav, Ingeman-Nielsen, Thomas, Law, Antonia C, Mernild, Sebastian H, Northington, Robert M, Osburn, Christopher L, Pla-Rabès, Sergi, Post, Eric, Telling, Jon, Stroud, David A, Whiteford, Erika J, Yallop, Marian L, and Yde, Jacob C

Subjects
Environmental Sciences, Ecological Applications, Ecology, Biological Sciences, Climate Action, tundra, lake, carbon, permafrost, aeolian, Biological sciences, Environmental sciences
Abstract

The Kangerlussuaq area of southwest Greenland encompasses diverse ecological, geomorphic, and climate gradients that function over a range of spatial and temporal scales. Ecosystems range from the microbial communities on the ice sheet and moisture-stressed terrestrial vegetation (and their associated herbivores) to freshwater and oligosaline lakes. These ecosystems are linked by a dynamic glacio-fluvial-aeolian geomorphic system that transports water, geological material, organic carbon and nutrients from the glacier surface to adjacent terrestrial and aquatic systems. This paraglacial system is now subject to substantial change because of rapid regional warming since 2000. Here, we describe changes in the eco- and geomorphic systems at a range of timescales and explore rapid future change in the links that integrate these systems. We highlight the importance of cross-system subsidies at the landscape scale and, importantly, how these might change in the near future as the Arctic is expected to continue to warm.

Published
2017

9. Mass balance of the Greenland and Antarctic ice sheets from 1992 to 2020

Author

Otosaka, Inès N., primary, Shepherd, Andrew, additional, Ivins, Erik R., additional, Schlegel, Nicole-Jeanne, additional, Amory, Charles, additional, van den Broeke, Michiel R., additional, Horwath, Martin, additional, Joughin, Ian, additional, King, Michalea D., additional, Krinner, Gerhard, additional, Nowicki, Sophie, additional, Payne, Anthony J., additional, Rignot, Eric, additional, Scambos, Ted, additional, Simon, Karen M., additional, Smith, Benjamin E., additional, Sørensen, Louise S., additional, Velicogna, Isabella, additional, Whitehouse, Pippa L., additional, A, Geruo, additional, Agosta, Cécile, additional, Ahlstrøm, Andreas P., additional, Blazquez, Alejandro, additional, Colgan, William, additional, Engdahl, Marcus E., additional, Fettweis, Xavier, additional, Forsberg, Rene, additional, Gallée, Hubert, additional, Gardner, Alex, additional, Gilbert, Lin, additional, Gourmelen, Noel, additional, Groh, Andreas, additional, Gunter, Brian C., additional, Harig, Christopher, additional, Helm, Veit, additional, Khan, Shfaqat Abbas, additional, Kittel, Christoph, additional, Konrad, Hannes, additional, Langen, Peter L., additional, Lecavalier, Benoit S., additional, Liang, Chia-Chun, additional, Loomis, Bryant D., additional, McMillan, Malcolm, additional, Melini, Daniele, additional, Mernild, Sebastian H., additional, Mottram, Ruth, additional, Mouginot, Jeremie, additional, Nilsson, Johan, additional, Noël, Brice, additional, Pattle, Mark E., additional, Peltier, William R., additional, Pie, Nadege, additional, Roca, Mònica, additional, Sasgen, Ingo, additional, Save, Himanshu V., additional, Seo, Ki-Weon, additional, Scheuchl, Bernd, additional, Schrama, Ernst J. O., additional, Schröder, Ludwig, additional, Simonsen, Sebastian B., additional, Slater, Thomas, additional, Spada, Giorgio, additional, Sutterley, Tyler C., additional, Vishwakarma, Bramha Dutt, additional, van Wessem, Jan Melchior, additional, Wiese, David, additional, van der Wal, Wouter, additional, and Wouters, Bert, additional

Published
2023
Full Text
View/download PDF

10. Mass balance of the Greenland and Antarctic ice sheets from 1992 to 2020

Author

Otosaka, Inès N., Shepherd, Andrew, Ivins, Erik R., Schlegel, Nicole Jeanne, Amory, Charles, Van Den Broeke, Michiel R., Horwath, Martin, Joughin, Ian, King, Michalea D., Krinner, Gerhard, Nowicki, Sophie, Payne, Anthony J., Rignot, Eric, Scambos, Ted, Simon, Karen M., Smith, Benjamin E., Sørensen, Louise S., Velicogna, Isabella, Whitehouse, Pippa L., Geruo, A., Agosta, Cécile, Ahlstrøm, Andreas P., Blazquez, Alejandro, Colgan, William, Engdahl, Marcus E., Fettweis, Xavier, Forsberg, Rene, Gallée, Hubert, Gardner, Alex, Gilbert, Lin, Gourmelen, Noel, Groh, Andreas, Gunter, Brian C., Harig, Christopher, Helm, Veit, Khan, Shfaqat Abbas, Kittel, Christoph, Konrad, Hannes, Langen, Peter L., Lecavalier, Benoit S., Liang, Chia Chun, Loomis, Bryant D., McMillan, Malcolm, Melini, Daniele, Mernild, Sebastian H., Mottram, Ruth, Mouginot, Jeremie, Nilsson, Johan, Noël, Brice, Pattle, Mark E., Peltier, William R., Pie, Nadege, Roca, Mònica, Sasgen, Ingo, Save, Himanshu V., Seo, Ki Weon, Scheuchl, Bernd, Schrama, Ernst J.O., Schröder, Ludwig, Simonsen, Sebastian B., Slater, Thomas, Spada, Giorgio, Sutterley, Tyler C., Vishwakarma, Bramha Dutt, Van Wessem, Jan Melchior, Wiese, David, Van Der Wal, Wouter, Wouters, Bert, Otosaka, Inès N., Shepherd, Andrew, Ivins, Erik R., Schlegel, Nicole Jeanne, Amory, Charles, Van Den Broeke, Michiel R., Horwath, Martin, Joughin, Ian, King, Michalea D., Krinner, Gerhard, Nowicki, Sophie, Payne, Anthony J., Rignot, Eric, Scambos, Ted, Simon, Karen M., Smith, Benjamin E., Sørensen, Louise S., Velicogna, Isabella, Whitehouse, Pippa L., Geruo, A., Agosta, Cécile, Ahlstrøm, Andreas P., Blazquez, Alejandro, Colgan, William, Engdahl, Marcus E., Fettweis, Xavier, Forsberg, Rene, Gallée, Hubert, Gardner, Alex, Gilbert, Lin, Gourmelen, Noel, Groh, Andreas, Gunter, Brian C., Harig, Christopher, Helm, Veit, Khan, Shfaqat Abbas, Kittel, Christoph, Konrad, Hannes, Langen, Peter L., Lecavalier, Benoit S., Liang, Chia Chun, Loomis, Bryant D., McMillan, Malcolm, Melini, Daniele, Mernild, Sebastian H., Mottram, Ruth, Mouginot, Jeremie, Nilsson, Johan, Noël, Brice, Pattle, Mark E., Peltier, William R., Pie, Nadege, Roca, Mònica, Sasgen, Ingo, Save, Himanshu V., Seo, Ki Weon, Scheuchl, Bernd, Schrama, Ernst J.O., Schröder, Ludwig, Simonsen, Sebastian B., Slater, Thomas, Spada, Giorgio, Sutterley, Tyler C., Vishwakarma, Bramha Dutt, Van Wessem, Jan Melchior, Wiese, David, Van Der Wal, Wouter, and Wouters, Bert

Abstract

Ice losses from the Greenland and Antarctic ice sheets have accelerated since the 1990s, accounting for a significant increase in the global mean sea level. Here, we present a new 29-year record of ice sheet mass balance from 1992 to 2020 from the Ice Sheet Mass Balance Inter-comparison Exercise (IMBIE). We compare and combine 50 independent estimates of ice sheet mass balance derived from satellite observations of temporal changes in ice sheet flow, in ice sheet volume, and in Earth's gravity field. Between 1992 and 2020, the ice sheets contributed 21.0±1.9 mm to global mean sea level, with the rate of mass loss rising from 105 Gt yr−1 between 1992 and 1996 to 372 Gt yr−1 between 2016 and 2020. In Greenland, the rate of mass loss is 169±9 Gt yr−1 between 1992 and 2020, but there are large inter-annual variations in mass balance, with mass loss ranging from 86 Gt yr−1 in 2017 to 444 Gt yr−1 in 2019 due to large variability in surface mass balance. In Antarctica, ice losses continue to be dominated by mass loss from West Antarctica (82±9 Gt yr−1) and, to a lesser extent, from the Antarctic Peninsula (13±5 Gt yr−1). East Antarctica remains close to a state of balance, with a small gain of 3±15 Gt yr−1, but is the most uncertain component of Antarctica's mass balance. The dataset is publicly available at https://doi.org/10.5285/77B64C55-7166-4A06-9DEF-2E400398E452 (IMBIE Team, 2021).

Published
2023

11. Mass balance of the Greenland and Antarctic ice sheets from 1992 to 2020

Author

Sub Dynamics Meteorology, Structural geology and EM, Marine and Atmospheric Research, Otosaka, Inès N., Shepherd, Andrew, Ivins, Erik R., Schlegel, Nicole Jeanne, Amory, Charles, Van Den Broeke, Michiel R., Horwath, Martin, Joughin, Ian, King, Michalea D., Krinner, Gerhard, Nowicki, Sophie, Payne, Anthony J., Rignot, Eric, Scambos, Ted, Simon, Karen M., Smith, Benjamin E., Sørensen, Louise S., Velicogna, Isabella, Whitehouse, Pippa L., Geruo, A., Agosta, Cécile, Ahlstrøm, Andreas P., Blazquez, Alejandro, Colgan, William, Engdahl, Marcus E., Fettweis, Xavier, Forsberg, Rene, Gallée, Hubert, Gardner, Alex, Gilbert, Lin, Gourmelen, Noel, Groh, Andreas, Gunter, Brian C., Harig, Christopher, Helm, Veit, Khan, Shfaqat Abbas, Kittel, Christoph, Konrad, Hannes, Langen, Peter L., Lecavalier, Benoit S., Liang, Chia Chun, Loomis, Bryant D., McMillan, Malcolm, Melini, Daniele, Mernild, Sebastian H., Mottram, Ruth, Mouginot, Jeremie, Nilsson, Johan, Noël, Brice, Pattle, Mark E., Peltier, William R., Pie, Nadege, Roca, Mònica, Sasgen, Ingo, Save, Himanshu V., Seo, Ki Weon, Scheuchl, Bernd, Schrama, Ernst J.O., Schröder, Ludwig, Simonsen, Sebastian B., Slater, Thomas, Spada, Giorgio, Sutterley, Tyler C., Vishwakarma, Bramha Dutt, Van Wessem, Jan Melchior, Wiese, David, Van Der Wal, Wouter, Wouters, Bert, Sub Dynamics Meteorology, Structural geology and EM, Marine and Atmospheric Research, Otosaka, Inès N., Shepherd, Andrew, Ivins, Erik R., Schlegel, Nicole Jeanne, Amory, Charles, Van Den Broeke, Michiel R., Horwath, Martin, Joughin, Ian, King, Michalea D., Krinner, Gerhard, Nowicki, Sophie, Payne, Anthony J., Rignot, Eric, Scambos, Ted, Simon, Karen M., Smith, Benjamin E., Sørensen, Louise S., Velicogna, Isabella, Whitehouse, Pippa L., Geruo, A., Agosta, Cécile, Ahlstrøm, Andreas P., Blazquez, Alejandro, Colgan, William, Engdahl, Marcus E., Fettweis, Xavier, Forsberg, Rene, Gallée, Hubert, Gardner, Alex, Gilbert, Lin, Gourmelen, Noel, Groh, Andreas, Gunter, Brian C., Harig, Christopher, Helm, Veit, Khan, Shfaqat Abbas, Kittel, Christoph, Konrad, Hannes, Langen, Peter L., Lecavalier, Benoit S., Liang, Chia Chun, Loomis, Bryant D., McMillan, Malcolm, Melini, Daniele, Mernild, Sebastian H., Mottram, Ruth, Mouginot, Jeremie, Nilsson, Johan, Noël, Brice, Pattle, Mark E., Peltier, William R., Pie, Nadege, Roca, Mònica, Sasgen, Ingo, Save, Himanshu V., Seo, Ki Weon, Scheuchl, Bernd, Schrama, Ernst J.O., Schröder, Ludwig, Simonsen, Sebastian B., Slater, Thomas, Spada, Giorgio, Sutterley, Tyler C., Vishwakarma, Bramha Dutt, Van Wessem, Jan Melchior, Wiese, David, Van Der Wal, Wouter, and Wouters, Bert

Published
2023

12. Still Arctic?—The changing Barents Sea

Author

Gerland, Sebastian, primary, Ingvaldsen, Randi B., additional, Reigstad, Marit, additional, Sundfjord, Arild, additional, Bogstad, Bjarte, additional, Chierici, Melissa, additional, Hop, Haakon, additional, Renaud, Paul E., additional, Smedsrud, Lars Henrik, additional, Stige, Leif Christian, additional, Årthun, Marius, additional, Berge, Jørgen, additional, Bluhm, Bodil A., additional, Borgå, Katrine, additional, Bratbak, Gunnar, additional, Divine, Dmitry V., additional, Eldevik, Tor, additional, Eriksen, Elena, additional, Fer, Ilker, additional, Fransson, Agneta, additional, Gradinger, Rolf, additional, Granskog, Mats A., additional, Haug, Tore, additional, Husum, Katrine, additional, Johnsen, Geir, additional, Jonassen, Marius O., additional, Jørgensen, Lis Lindal, additional, Kristiansen, Svein, additional, Larsen, Aud, additional, Lien, Vidar S., additional, Lind, Sigrid, additional, Lindstrøm, Ulf, additional, Mauritzen, Cecilie, additional, Melsom, Arne, additional, Mernild, Sebastian H., additional, Müller, Malte, additional, Nilsen, Frank, additional, Primicerio, Raul, additional, Søreide, Janne E., additional, van der Meeren, Gro I., additional, and Wassmann, Paul, additional

Published
2023
Full Text
View/download PDF

15. Mass Balance of the Greenland and Antarctic Ice Sheets from 1992 to 2020

Author

Otosaka, Inès N., primary, Shepherd, Andrew, additional, Ivins, Erik R., additional, Schlegel, Nicole-Jeanne, additional, Amory, Charles, additional, van den Broeke, Michiel, additional, Horwath, Martin, additional, Joughin, Ian, additional, King, Michalea, additional, Krinner, Gerhard, additional, Nowicki, Sophie, additional, Payne, Tony, additional, Rignot, Eric, additional, Scambos, Ted, additional, Simon, Karen M., additional, Smith, Benjamin, additional, Sandberg Sørensen, Louise, additional, Velicogna, Isabella, additional, Whitehouse, Pippa, additional, A, Geruo, additional, Agosta, Cécile, additional, Ahlstrøm, Andreas P., additional, Blazquez, Alejandro, additional, Colgan, William, additional, Engdahl, Marcus, additional, Fettweis, Xavier, additional, Forsberg, Rene, additional, Gallée, Hubert, additional, Gardner, Alex, additional, Gilbert, Lin, additional, Gourmelen, Noel, additional, Groh, Andreas, additional, Gunter, Brian C., additional, Harig, Christopher, additional, Helm, Veit, additional, Khan, Shfaqat Abbas, additional, Konrad, Hannes, additional, Langen, Peter, additional, Lecavalier, Benoit, additional, Liang, Chia-Chun, additional, Loomis, Bryant, additional, McMillan, Malcolm, additional, Melini, Daniele, additional, Mernild, Sebastian H., additional, Mottram, Ruth, additional, Mouginot, Jeremie, additional, Nilsson, Johan, additional, Noël, Brice, additional, Pattle, Mark E., additional, Peltier, William R., additional, Pie, Nadege, additional, Sasgen, Ingo, additional, Save, Himanshu, additional, Seo, Ki-Weon, additional, Scheuchl, Bernd, additional, Schrama, Ernst, additional, Schröder, Ludwig, additional, Simonsen, Sebastian B., additional, Slater, Thomas, additional, Spada, Giorgio, additional, Sutterley, Tyler, additional, Vishwakarma, Bramha Dutt, additional, van Wessem, Jan Melchior, additional, Wiese, David, additional, van der Wal, Wouter, additional, and Wouters, Bert, additional

Published
2022
Full Text
View/download PDF

27. GrSMBMIP: Intercomparison of the modelled 1980-2012 surface mass balance over the Greenland Ice Sheet

Author

Fettweis, Xavier, Hofer, Stefan, Krebs-Kanzow, Uta, Amory, Charles, Aoki, Teruo, Berends, Constantijn J., Born, Andreas, Box, Jason E., Delhasse, Alison, Fujita, Koji, Gierz, Paul, Goelzer, Heiko, Hanna, Edward, Hashimoto, Akihiro, Huybrechts, Philippe, Kapsch, Marie Luise, King, Michalea D., Kittel, Christoph, Lang, Charlotte, Langen, Peter L., Lenaerts, Jan T.M., Liston, Glen E., Lohmann, Gerrit, Mernild, Sebastian H., Mikolajewicz, Uwe, Modali, Kameswarrao, Mottram, Ruth H., Niwano, Masashi, Noël, Brice, Ryan, Jonathan C., Smith, Amy, Streffing, Jan, Tedesco, Marco, Jan Van De Berg, Willem, Van Den Broeke, Michiel, Van De Wal, Roderik S.W., Van Kampenhout, Leo, Wilton, David, Wouters, Bert, Ziemen, Florian, Zolles, Tobias, Sub Dynamics Meteorology, Proceskunde, Sub Algemeen Marine & Atmospheric Res, and Marine and Atmospheric Research

Subjects
Water Science and Technology, Earth-Surface Processes
Abstract

Observations and models agree that the Greenland Ice Sheet (GrIS) surface mass balance (SMB) has decreased since the end of the 1990s due to an increase in meltwater runoff and that this trend will accelerate in the future. However, large uncertainties remain, partly due to different approaches for modelling the GrIS SMB, which have to weigh physical complexity or low computing time, different spatial and temporal resolutions, different forcing fields, and different ice sheet topographies and extents, which collectively make an inter-comparison difficult. Our GrIS SMB model intercomparison project (GrSMBMIP) aims to refine these uncertainties by intercomparing 13 models of four types which were forced with the same ERA-Interim reanalysis forcing fields, except for two global models. We interpolate all modelled SMB fields onto a common ice sheet mask at 1 km horizontal resolution for the period 1980-2012 and score the outputs against (1) SMB estimates from a combination of gravimetric remote sensing data from GRACE and measured ice discharge; (2) ice cores, snow pits and in situ SMB observations; and (3) remotely sensed bare ice extent from MODerate-resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS). Spatially, the largest spread among models can be found around the margins of the ice sheet, highlighting model deficiencies in an accurate representation of the GrIS ablation zone extent and processes related to surface melt and runoff. Overall, polar regional climate models (RCMs) perform the best compared to observations, in particular for simulating precipitation patterns. However, other simpler and faster models have biases of the same order as RCMs compared with observations and therefore remain useful tools for long-term simulations or coupling with ice sheet models. Finally, it is interesting to note that the ensemble mean of the 13 models produces the best estimate of the present-day SMB relative to observations, suggesting that biases are not systematic among models and that this ensemble estimate can be used as a reference for current climate when carrying out future model developments. However, a higher density of in situ SMB observations is required, especially in the south-east accumulation zone, where the model spread can reach 2 m w.e. yr-1 due to large discrepancies in modelled snowfall accumulation.

Published
2020

30. GrSMBMIP: Intercomparison of the modelled 1980-2012 surface mass balance over the Greenland Ice Sheet

Author

Sub Dynamics Meteorology, Proceskunde, Sub Algemeen Marine & Atmospheric Res, Marine and Atmospheric Research, Fettweis, Xavier, Hofer, Stefan, Krebs-Kanzow, Uta, Amory, Charles, Aoki, Teruo, Berends, Constantijn J., Born, Andreas, Box, Jason E., Delhasse, Alison, Fujita, Koji, Gierz, Paul, Goelzer, Heiko, Hanna, Edward, Hashimoto, Akihiro, Huybrechts, Philippe, Kapsch, Marie Luise, King, Michalea D., Kittel, Christoph, Lang, Charlotte, Langen, Peter L., Lenaerts, Jan T.M., Liston, Glen E., Lohmann, Gerrit, Mernild, Sebastian H., Mikolajewicz, Uwe, Modali, Kameswarrao, Mottram, Ruth H., Niwano, Masashi, Noël, Brice, Ryan, Jonathan C., Smith, Amy, Streffing, Jan, Tedesco, Marco, Jan Van De Berg, Willem, Van Den Broeke, Michiel, Van De Wal, Roderik S.W., Van Kampenhout, Leo, Wilton, David, Wouters, Bert, Ziemen, Florian, Zolles, Tobias, Sub Dynamics Meteorology, Proceskunde, Sub Algemeen Marine & Atmospheric Res, Marine and Atmospheric Research, Fettweis, Xavier, Hofer, Stefan, Krebs-Kanzow, Uta, Amory, Charles, Aoki, Teruo, Berends, Constantijn J., Born, Andreas, Box, Jason E., Delhasse, Alison, Fujita, Koji, Gierz, Paul, Goelzer, Heiko, Hanna, Edward, Hashimoto, Akihiro, Huybrechts, Philippe, Kapsch, Marie Luise, King, Michalea D., Kittel, Christoph, Lang, Charlotte, Langen, Peter L., Lenaerts, Jan T.M., Liston, Glen E., Lohmann, Gerrit, Mernild, Sebastian H., Mikolajewicz, Uwe, Modali, Kameswarrao, Mottram, Ruth H., Niwano, Masashi, Noël, Brice, Ryan, Jonathan C., Smith, Amy, Streffing, Jan, Tedesco, Marco, Jan Van De Berg, Willem, Van Den Broeke, Michiel, Van De Wal, Roderik S.W., Van Kampenhout, Leo, Wilton, David, Wouters, Bert, Ziemen, Florian, and Zolles, Tobias

Published
2020

32. Present-Day Climate at Zackenberg

Author

Hansen, Birger Ulf, primary, Sigsgaard, Charlotte, additional, Rasmussen, Leif, additional, Cappelen, John, additional, Hinkler, Jørgen, additional, Mernild, Sebastian H., additional, Petersen, Dorthe, additional, Tamstorf, Mikkel P., additional, Rasch, Morten, additional, and Hasholt, Bent, additional

Published
2008
Full Text
View/download PDF

33. Hydrology and Transport of Sediment and Solutes at Zackenberg

Author

Hasholt, Bent, primary, Mernild, Sebastian H., additional, Sigsgaard, Charlotte, additional, Elberling, Bo, additional, Petersen, Dorthe, additional, Jakobsen, Bjarne H., additional, Hansen, Birger U., additional, Hinkler, Jørgen, additional, and Søgaard, Henrik, additional

Published
2008
Full Text
View/download PDF

36. Supplementary material to "GrSMBMIP: Intercomparison of the modelled 1980–2012 surface mass balance over the Greenland Ice sheet"

Author

Fettweis, Xavier, primary, Hofer, Stefan, additional, Krebs-Kanzow, Uta, additional, Amory, Charles, additional, Aoki, Teruo, additional, Berends, Constantijn J., additional, Born, Andreas, additional, Box, Jason E., additional, Delhasse, Alison, additional, Fujita, Koji, additional, Gierz, Paul, additional, Goelzer, Heiko, additional, Hanna, Edward, additional, Hashimoto, Akihiro, additional, Huybrechts, Philippe, additional, Kapsch, Marie-Luise, additional, King, Michalea D., additional, Kittel, Christoph, additional, Lang, Charlotte, additional, Langen, Peter L., additional, Lenaerts, Jan T. M., additional, Liston, Glen E., additional, Lohmann, Gerrit, additional, Mernild, Sebastian H., additional, Mikolajewicz, Uwe, additional, Modali, Kameswarrao, additional, Mottram, Ruth H., additional, Niwano, Masashi, additional, Noël, Brice, additional, Ryan, Jonathan C., additional, Smith, Amy, additional, Streffing, Jan, additional, Tedesco, Marco, additional, van de Berg, Willem Jan, additional, van den Broeke, Michiel, additional, van de Wal, Roderik S. W., additional, van Kampenhout, Leo, additional, Wilton, David, additional, Wouters, Bert, additional, Ziemen, Florian, additional, and Zolles, Tobias, additional

Published
2020
Full Text
View/download PDF

37. GrSMBMIP: Intercomparison of the modelled 1980–2012 surface mass balance over the Greenland Ice sheet

Author

Fettweis, Xavier, primary, Hofer, Stefan, additional, Krebs-Kanzow, Uta, additional, Amory, Charles, additional, Aoki, Teruo, additional, Berends, Constantijn J., additional, Born, Andreas, additional, Box, Jason E., additional, Delhasse, Alison, additional, Fujita, Koji, additional, Gierz, Paul, additional, Goelzer, Heiko, additional, Hanna, Edward, additional, Hashimoto, Akihiro, additional, Huybrechts, Philippe, additional, Kapsch, Marie-Luise, additional, King, Michalea D., additional, Kittel, Christoph, additional, Lang, Charlotte, additional, Langen, Peter L., additional, Lenaerts, Jan T. M., additional, Liston, Glen E., additional, Lohmann, Gerrit, additional, Mernild, Sebastian H., additional, Mikolajewicz, Uwe, additional, Modali, Kameswarrao, additional, Mottram, Ruth H., additional, Niwano, Masashi, additional, Noël, Brice, additional, Ryan, Jonathan C., additional, Smith, Amy, additional, Streffing, Jan, additional, Tedesco, Marco, additional, van de Berg, Willem Jan, additional, van den Broeke, Michiel, additional, van de Wal, Roderik S. W., additional, van Kampenhout, Leo, additional, Wilton, David, additional, Wouters, Bert, additional, Ziemen, Florian, additional, and Zolles, Tobias, additional

Published
2020
Full Text
View/download PDF

38. Arctic climate shifts drive rapid ecosystem responses across the West Greenland landscape

Author

Saros, Jasmine E., Anderson, Nicholas John, Juggins, Stephen, McGowan, Suzanne, Yde, Jacob C., Telling, Jon, Bullard, Joanna E., Yallop, Marian L., Heathcote, Adam J., Burpee, Benjamin T., Fowler, Rachel A., Barry, Christopher D., Northington, Robert M., Osburn, Christopher L., Pla-Rabes, Sergi, Mernild, Sebastian H., Whiteford, Erika J., Andrews, M. Grace, Kerby, Jeffrey T., Post, Eric, Saros, Jasmine E., Anderson, Nicholas John, Juggins, Stephen, McGowan, Suzanne, Yde, Jacob C., Telling, Jon, Bullard, Joanna E., Yallop, Marian L., Heathcote, Adam J., Burpee, Benjamin T., Fowler, Rachel A., Barry, Christopher D., Northington, Robert M., Osburn, Christopher L., Pla-Rabes, Sergi, Mernild, Sebastian H., Whiteford, Erika J., Andrews, M. Grace, Kerby, Jeffrey T., and Post, Eric

Abstract

Prediction of high latitude response to climate change is hampered by poor understanding of the role of nonlinear changes in ecosystem forcing and response. While the effects of nonlinear climate change are often delayed or dampened by internal ecosystem dynamics, recent warming events in the Arctic have driven rapid environmental response, raising questions of how terrestrial and freshwater systems in this region may shift in response to abrupt climate change. We quantified environmental responses to recent abrupt climate change in West Greenland using long-term monitoring and paleoecological reconstructions. Using >40 years of weather data, we found that after 1994, mean June air temperatures shifted 2.2 °C higher and mean winter precipitation doubled from 21 to 40 mm; since 2006, mean July air temperatures shifted 1.1 °C higher. Nonlinear environmental responses occurred with or shortly after these abrupt climate shifts, including increasing ice sheet discharge, increasing dust, advancing plant phenology, and in lakes, earlier ice out and greater diversity of algal functional traits. Our analyses reveal rapid environmental responses to nonlinear climate shifts, underscoring the highly responsive nature of Arctic ecosystems to abrupt transitions.

Published
2019

39. Key indicators of Arctic climate change: 1971–2017

Author

Box, Jason E., Colgan, William T., Christensen, Torben, Schmidt, Niels Martin, Lund, Magnus, Parmentier, Frans-Jan W., Brown, Ross, Bhatt, Uma S., Euskirchen, Eugénie S., Romanovsky, Vladimir E., Walsh, John E., Overland, James E., Wang, Muyin, Corell, Robert, Meier, Walter N., Wouters, Bert, Mernild, Sebastian H., Mård, Johanna, Pawlak, Janet, Olsen, Morten Skovgaard, Box, Jason E., Colgan, William T., Christensen, Torben, Schmidt, Niels Martin, Lund, Magnus, Parmentier, Frans-Jan W., Brown, Ross, Bhatt, Uma S., Euskirchen, Eugénie S., Romanovsky, Vladimir E., Walsh, John E., Overland, James E., Wang, Muyin, Corell, Robert, Meier, Walter N., Wouters, Bert, Mernild, Sebastian H., Mård, Johanna, Pawlak, Janet, and Olsen, Morten Skovgaard

Abstract

Key observational indicators of climate change in the Arctic, most spanning a 47 year period (1971–2017) demonstrate fundamental changes among nine key elements of the Arctic system. We find that, coherent with increasing air temperature, there is an intensification of the hydrological cycle, evident from increases in humidity, precipitation, river discharge, glacier equilibrium line altitude and land ice wastage. Downward trends continue in sea ice thickness (and extent) and spring snow cover extent and duration, while near-surface permafrost continues to warm. Several of the climate indicators exhibit a significant statistical correlation with air temperature or precipitation, reinforcing the notion that increasing air temperatures and precipitation are drivers of major changes in various components of the Arctic system. To progress beyond a presentation of the Arctic physical climate changes, we find a correspondence between air temperature and biophysical indicators such as tundra biomass and identify numerous biophysical disruptions with cascading effects throughout the trophic levels. These include: increased delivery of organic matter and nutrients to Arctic near‐coastal zones; condensed flowering and pollination plant species periods; timing mismatch between plant flowering and pollinators; increased plant vulnerability to insect disturbance; increased shrub biomass; increased ignition of wildfires; increased growing season CO2 uptake, with counterbalancing increases in shoulder season and winter CO2 emissions; increased carbon cycling, regulated by local hydrology and permafrost thaw; conversion between terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems; and shifting animal distribution and demographics. The Arctic biophysical system is now clearly trending away from its 20th Century state and into an unprecedented state, with implications not only within but beyond the Arctic. The indicator time series of this study are freely downloadable at AMAP.no.

Published
2019

40. Greenland surface mass-balance observations from the ice-sheet ablation area and local glaciers

Author

Machguth, Horst, Thomsen, Henrik H., Weidick, Anker, Ahlstrøm, Andreas P., Abermann, Jakob, Andersen, Morten L., Andersen, Signe B., Bjørk, Anders A., Box, Jason E., Braithwaite, Roger J., Bøggild, Carl E., Citterio, Michele, Clement, Poul, Colgan, William, Fausto, Robert S., Gleie, Karin, Gubler, Stefanie, Hasholt, Bent, Hynek, Bernhard, Knudsen, Niels T., Larsen, Signe H., Mernild, Sebastian H., Oerlemans, Johannes, Oerter, Hans, Olesen, Ole B., Smeets, C. J P Paul, Steffen, Konrad, Stober, Manfred, Sugiyama, Shin, Van As, Dirk, Van Den Broeke, Michiel R., Van De Wal, Roderik S W, Sub Dynamics Meteorology, Marine and Atmospheric Research, Sub Dynamics Meteorology, Marine and Atmospheric Research, University of Zurich, and Machguth, Horst

Subjects
Ice sheet, Glacier ice accumulation, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, surface mass balance, Ice stream, 1904 Earth-Surface Processes, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, Glacier mass balance, 910 Geography & travel, Glacier and ice caps, Geomorphology, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Earth-Surface Processes, Surface mass balance, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, Glacier, Glacier morphology, ice sheet, glaciers and ice caps, Ice-sheet model, 10122 Institute of Geography, Greenland ice core project, Physical geography, Geology
Abstract

Glacier surface mass-balance measurements on Greenland started more than a century ago, but no compilation exists of the observations from the ablation area of the ice sheet and local glaciers. Such data could be used in the evaluation of modelled surface mass balance, or to document changes in glacier melt independently from model output. Here, we present a comprehensive database of Greenland glacier surface mass-balance observations from the ablation area of the ice sheet and local glaciers. The database spans the 123 a from 1892 to 2015, contains a total of ~3000 measurements from 46 sites, and is openly accessible through the PROMICE web portal (http://www.promice.dk). For each measurement we provideX, YandZcoordinates, starting and ending dates as well as quality flags. We give sources for each entry and for all metadata. Two thirds of the data were collected from grey literature and unpublished archive documents. Roughly 60% of the measurements were performed by the Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland (GEUS, previously GGU). The data cover all regions of Greenland except for the southernmost part of the east coast, but also emphasize the importance of long-term time series of which there are only two exceeding 20 a. We use the data to analyse uncertainties in point measurements of surface mass balance, as well as to estimate surface mass-balance profiles for most regions of Greenland.

Published
2016

41. Arctic climate shifts drive rapid ecosystem responses across the West Greenland landscape

Author

Saros, Jasmine E, primary, Anderson, Nicholas John, additional, Juggins, Stephen, additional, McGowan, Suzanne, additional, Yde, Jacob C, additional, Telling, Jon, additional, Bullard, Joanna E, additional, Yallop, Marian L, additional, Heathcote, Adam J, additional, Burpee, Benjamin T, additional, Fowler, Rachel A, additional, Barry, Christopher D, additional, Northington, Robert M, additional, Osburn, Christopher L, additional, Pla-Rabes, Sergi, additional, Mernild, Sebastian H, additional, Whiteford, Erika J, additional, Andrews, M Grace, additional, Kerby, Jeffrey T, additional, and Post, Eric, additional

Published
2019
Full Text
View/download PDF

43. Greenland surface air temperature changes from 1981 to 2019 and implications for ice‐sheet melt and mass‐balance change.

Author

Hanna, Edward, Cappelen, John, Fettweis, Xavier, Mernild, Sebastian H., Mote, Thomas L., Mottram, Ruth, Steffen, Konrad, Ballinger, Thomas J., and Hall, Richard J.

Subjects
ATMOSPHERIC temperature, SURFACE temperature, ICE sheets, GREENLAND ice, NORTH Atlantic oscillation, MELTWATER, CLIMATE change
Abstract

We provide an updated analysis of instrumental Greenland monthly temperature data to 2019, focusing mainly on coastal stations but also analysing ice‐sheet records from Swiss Camp and Summit. Significant summer (winter) coastal warming of ~1.7 (4.4)°C occurred from 1991–2019, but since 2001 overall temperature trends are generally flat and insignificant due to a cooling pattern over the last 6–7 years. Inland and coastal stations show broadly similar temperature trends for summer. Greenland temperature changes are more strongly correlated with Greenland Blocking than with North Atlantic Oscillation changes. In quantifying the association between Greenland coastal temperatures and Greenland Ice Sheet (GrIS) mass‐balance changes, we show a stronger link of temperatures with total mass balance rather than surface mass balance. Based on Greenland coastal temperatures and modelled mass balance for the 1972–2018 period, each 1°C of summer warming corresponds to ~(91) 116 Gt·yr−1 of GrIS (surface) mass loss and a 26 Gt·yr−1 increase in solid ice discharge. Given an estimated 4.0–6.6°C of further Greenland summer warming according to the regional model MAR projections run under CMIP6 future climate projections (SSP5‐8.5 scenario), and assuming that ice‐dynamical losses and ice sheet topography stay similar to the recent past, linear extrapolation gives a corresponding GrIS global sea‐level rise (SLR) contribution of ~10.0–12.6 cm by 2100, compared with the 8–27 cm (mean 15 cm) "likely" model projection range reported by IPCC in 2019 (SPM.B1.2). However, our estimate represents a lower limit for future GrIS change since fixed dynamical mass losses and amplified melt arising from both melt‐albedo and melt‐elevation positive feedbacks are not taken into account here. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2021
Full Text
View/download PDF

44. The role of blocking circulation and emerging open water feedbacks on Greenland cold‐season air temperature variability over the last century.

Author

Ballinger, Thomas J., Hanna, Edward, Hall, Richard J., Carr, J. Rachel, Brasher, Saber, Osterberg, Erich C., Cappelen, John, Tedesco, Marco, Ding, Qinghua, and Mernild, Sebastian H.

Subjects
ATMOSPHERIC temperature, ATLANTIC multidecadal oscillation, NORTH Atlantic oscillation, ATMOSPHERIC circulation, GREENLAND ice, AUTUMN
Abstract

Substantial marine, terrestrial, and atmospheric changes have occurred over the Greenland region during the last century. Several studies have documented record‐levels of Greenland Ice Sheet (GrIS) summer melt extent during the 2000s and 2010s, but relatively little work has been carried out to assess regional climatic changes in other seasons. Here, we focus on the less studied cold‐season (i.e., autumn and winter) climate, tracing the long‐term (1873–2013) variability of Greenland's air temperatures through analyses of coastal observations and model‐derived outlet glacier series and their linkages with North Atlantic sea ice, sea surface temperature (SST), and atmospheric circulation indices. Through a statistical framework, large amounts of west and south Greenland temperature variance (up to r2 ~ 50%) can be explained by the seasonally‐contemporaneous combination of the Greenland Blocking Index (GBI) and the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO; hereafter the combination of GBI and NAO is termed GBI). Lagged and concomitant regional sea‐ice concentration (SIC) and the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation (AMO) seasonal indices account for small amounts of residual air temperature variance (r2 < ~10%) relative to the GBI. The correlations between GBI and cold‐season temperatures are predominantly positive and statistically‐significant through time, while regional SIC conditions emerge as a significant covariate from the mid‐20th century through the conclusion of the study period. The inclusion of the cold‐season Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) in multivariate analyses bolsters the air temperature variance explained by the North Atlantic regional predictors, suggesting the remote, background climate state is important to long‐term Greenland temperature variability. These findings imply that large‐scale tropospheric circulation has a strong control on surface temperature over Greenland through dynamic and thermodynamic impacts and stress the importance of understanding the evolving two‐way linkages between the North Atlantic marine and atmospheric environment in order to more accurately predict Greenland seasonal climate variability and change through the 21st century. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2021
Full Text
View/download PDF

45. Global sea-level contribution from Arctic land ice: 1971 to 2017

Author

Sub Dynamics Meteorology, Marine and Atmospheric Research, Box, Jason Eric, Colgan, William T, Wouters, Bert, Burgess, David O, O'Neel, Shad, Thomson, Laura, Mernild, Sebastian H, Sub Dynamics Meteorology, Marine and Atmospheric Research, Box, Jason Eric, Colgan, William T, Wouters, Bert, Burgess, David O, O'Neel, Shad, Thomson, Laura, and Mernild, Sebastian H

Published
2018

46. Global sea-level contribution from Arctic land ice: 1971-2017

Author

Sub Dynamics Meteorology, Marine and Atmospheric Research, Box, Jason E, Colgan, William T, Wouters, Bert, Burgess, David O, O'Neel, Shad, Thomson, Laura I, Mernild, Sebastian H, Sub Dynamics Meteorology, Marine and Atmospheric Research, Box, Jason E, Colgan, William T, Wouters, Bert, Burgess, David O, O'Neel, Shad, Thomson, Laura I, and Mernild, Sebastian H

Published
2018

47. Global sea-level contribution from Arctic land ice: 1971-2017

Author

Box, Jason E. (author), Colgan, William T. (author), Wouters, B. (author), Burgess, David O. (author), O'Neel, Shad (author), Thomson, Laura I. (author), Mernild, Sebastian H. (author), Box, Jason E. (author), Colgan, William T. (author), Wouters, B. (author), Burgess, David O. (author), O'Neel, Shad (author), Thomson, Laura I. (author), and Mernild, Sebastian H. (author)

Abstract

The Arctic Monitoring and Assessment Program (AMAP 2017) report identifies the Arctic as the largest regional source of land ice to global sea-level rise in the 2003-2014 period. Yet, this contextualization ignores the longer perspective from in situ records of glacier mass balance. Here, using 17 (>55°N latitude) glacier and ice cap mass balance series in the 1971-2017 period, we develop a semi-empirical estimate of annual sea-level contribution from seven Arctic regions by scaling the in situ records to GRACE averages. We contend that our estimate represents the most accurate Arctic land ice mass balance assessment so far available before the 1992 start of satellite altimetry. We estimate the 1971-2017 eustatic sea-level contribution from land ice north of ∼55°N to be 23.0 ±12.3mm sea-level equivalent (SLE). In all regions, the cumulative sea-level rise curves exhibit an acceleration, starting especially after 1988. Greenland is the source of 46% of the Arctic sea-level rise contribution (10.6±7.3 mm), followed by Alaska (5.7±2.2 mm), Arctic Canada (3.2 ±0.7 mm) and the Russian High Arctic (1.5 ±0.4 mm). Our annual results exhibit co-variability over a 43 year overlap (1971-2013) with the alternative dataset of Marzeion et al (2015 Cryosphere 9 2399-404) (M15). However, we find a 1.36×lower sea-level contribution, in agreement with satellite gravimetry. The IPCC Fifth Assessment report identified constraining the pre-satellite era sea-level budget as a topic of low scientific understanding that we address and specify sea-level contributions coinciding with IPCC Special Report on the Ocean and Cryosphere in a Changing Climate (SROCC) 'present day' (2005-2015) and 'recent past' (1986-2005) reference periods. We assess an Arctic land ice loss of 8.3 mm SLE during the recent past and 12.4 mm SLE during the present day. The seven regional sea-level rise contribution time series of this study are available from AMAP.no., Physical and Space Geodesy

Published
2018
Full Text
View/download PDF

Catalog

Books, media, physical & digital resources
See catalog results