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Key to the species of Cleidella gen. nov. 1. Body overall dark brown; eyes, in lateral view, with posterior margin vertical and slightly reniform (Fig. 1C); pronotum 1.1× wider than long (Fig. 1E)................................................................ C.picea sp.nov. 1'. Body overall yellowish light-brown; eyes,in lateral view, with posterior margin strongly obliquely projected (Fig. 6E); pronotum 1.4× wider than long (Fig.6F).................................................... C.silveirai sp.nov., Published as part of Roza, André Silva & Mermudes, José Ricardo Miras, 2020, A new genus of railroad-worm beetles from the Atlantic Rainforest from Brazil (Coleoptera: Phengodidae, Mastinocerinae), pp. 1-12 in Papéis Avulsos de Zoologia (Pap. Avulsos Zool., S. Paulo) (Pap. Avulsos Zool., S. Paulo) 60 (10) on page 9, DOI: 10.11606/1807-0205/2020.60.special-issue.10, http://zenodo.org/record/4615131

Hylotribus plaumanni Queiroz & Mermudes, 2014 (Figs 16–29) Hylotribus plaumanni Queiroz & Mermudes, 2014: 247. This species was recently described and illustrated by Queiroz & Mermudes (2014) based on females. Here, the description of the ventrites and male terminalia are added. Besides this, the variability of the vestiture and morphology is also commented on, including new information on wing variation within the species; we observe wing development ranging from macropterous to apterous among specimens we examined (Figs 28–29). Male. Pygidium (Fig. 22) slightly wider than long, and weakly sinuous at apical margin. Ventrite V (Fig. 21) at least 1.5 times longer than IV, impressed on disc; apical margin slightly rounded. Terminalia (Figs 23–27): Tergite VIII (Fig. 23) largely membranous at middle; sides subparallel and slightly constricted at middle, apical margin slightly sinuous; sternite VIII (Fig. 23) strongly transverse and membranous, with apical lobes strongly pigmented and pronounced. Sternite IX (Fig. 23) with apodeme almost 2.5x as long as arms. Tegmen (Figs 24–25) with apodeme as long as sclerotized ring, this with angles of pre-apical flange individualized (not bilobate); apex of parameres rounded. Penis (Figs 26–27) elongate, strongly curved in apical fifth; body almost 2.5x as long as apodemes; with sclerotized bridge between apodemes; tectum two times longer than wide, strongly acuminate in apical half; pedon strongly curved, with apodemes sinuous. Internal sac (Fig. 27) slightly longer than apodemes, distinctly spiculate in proximal half, lacking sclerotized pieces. Previously known distribution. Type locality: Seara (300–600 m), in Santa Catarina State (Queiroz & Mermudes 2014). Updated distribution. Minas Gerais. Itamonte, in the Parque Nacional de Itatiaia, at around 2,100 m elevation. Rio de Janeiro. Teresópolis, on the Parque Nacional de Serra dos Órgãos, from 1,799 to 2,140 m. Santa Catarina. Seara. Seasonality. This species seems to occur between September and May, during the Southern Hemisphere spring, summer and autumn. Variability. H. plaumanni was described as having a V-shaped yellowish stripe with obtuse angle on the frons, and a prominent longitudinal carina on the rostrum. These characters were also used in the key to species of Hylotribus, in order to separate H. plaumanni from H. frontispeltastes and H. involucer (Queiroz & Mermudes 2014). In the specimens of H. plaumanni we observed that the V-shaped stripe was highly variable (Figs 18–20). It could either form an acute angle with the longitudinal carina (Figs 18–19), forming a diamond with another inverted Vshaped stripe on the vertex (Fig. 18), or instead be smudged (Fig. 19) and not forming a V-shaped pattern (Fig. 20). The longitudinal carina on the rostrum is always distinct, but a pair of lateral carinae can be slightly elevated or vestigial. Wing variation within the species ranges from macropterous to apterous (Figs 28–29), and was verified in at least three specimens with the elytra partially elevated (allowing examination of wings): 1. The paratype of H. plaumanni (apterous) from Seara, locality with altitude variation of 300–600 m in Santa Catarina, South of Brazil; 2. A specimen compared with the type-series, from Teresópolis, Parque Nacional da Serra dos Órgãos, Trilha da Pedra do Sino, PRE-PVE Pt. 5, 22° 27’ 16.7” S, 43° 01’ 13.7” W, 1,961 m (macropterous, Fig 28), Southeastern Brazil (Rio de Janeiro). 3. A third specimen, also compared with the type-series, from Teresópolis, Parque Nacional da Serra dos Órgãos, PVE Pt. 14B, 22° 27’ 37” S, 43° 01’ 37.4” W, 2125m (micropterous, Fig. 29), Southeastern Brazil (Rio de Janeiro). Material examined. BRAZIL. Minas Gerais. Itamonte. Parque Nacional de Itatiaia. Setor Brejo da Lapa, Brejo da Lapa, PNI-M1A, 22° 21’ 32.4” S, 44° 44’ 14.0” W, 2142 m, 1 male, 3.XII.2015 - 15.I.2016; PNI-M1B, 22° 21’ 34.1” S, 44° 44’ 9.4” W, 2162 m, 1 female, 3.XII.2015 - 15.I.2016, Monné col. (MNRJ). Rio de Janeiro. Teresópolis. Parque Nacional da Serra dos Órgãos. Trilha da Pedra do Sino. PRE-PVE Pt. 5, 22° 27’ 16.7” S, 43° 01’ 13.7” W, 1961 m, 1 female, 04.I.2014, R. Monteiro col. (DZRJ); Teresópolis. Parque Nacional da Serra dos Órgãos. PVE Pt. 12B, 22° 27’ 17,4” S, 43° 00’ 57,3” W, 1799 m, 1 male, IX.2015; PVE Pt. 13B, 22° 27’ 14.3” S, 43° 01’ 13.2” W, 1935 m, 1 female, V.2015; PVE Pt. 14B, 22° 27’ 37” S, 43° 01’ 37.4” W, 2125 m, 1 female, III.2015; PVE Pt. 14A, 22° 27’ 37.3” S, 43° 01’ 39.3” W, 2127 m, 1 female, X.2015; PVE Pt. 15B, 22° 27’ 37,4” S, 43° 01’ 42,9” W, 2140 m, 1 male, XII.2014, R. Monteiro col. (DZRJ).

Hylotribus sublimis Queiroz & Mermudes, 2014 (Figs 30–31) Hylotribus sublimis Queiroz & Mermudes, 2014: 245. Previously known distribution. Campos do Jordão, in São Paulo state (Queiroz & Mermudes 2014). Updated distribution. Minas Gerais. Itamonte, on the Parque Nacional de Itatiaia, around 2,150 m. São Paulo. Campos do Jordão. Seasonality. This species seems to occur during the Southern Hemisphere spring and summer, between October and January. Material examined. BRAZIL. Minas Gerais. Itamonte. Parque Nacional de Itatiaia. Setor Brejo da Lapa, Brejo da Lapa, PNI-M1A, 22° 21’ 32.4” S, 44° 44’ 14.0” W, 2142 m, 1 female, 3.XII.2015 - 15.I.2016, Monné col. (MNRJ).

Pseudotelegeusis meloi sp. nov. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 60800BF5-532F-4C2E-8BCC-3F0B6A6573E9 Diagnosis Antennae moniliform or serrate, from antennomere III or IV to X. Maxillary palpi 4-segmented, last palpomere enlarged as long as the preceding three together. Labial palpi composed by one palpomere. One tentorial pit, according to former authors (Wittmer 1976b; Ivie 2002; Zaragoza- Caballero 2008), but during the present study we observe two distinctly separated tentorial pits on the ventral face of the head capsule of Pseudotelegeusis meloi sp. nov. (Fig. 3B) and P. howdeni Wittmer, 1976 (Fig. 3C).The initial error by Wittmer (1976b), observing only one tentorial orifice, is probably related to the limitations of an optical examination of dry material. His work on the morphological evolution of the tentorium in the Phengodidae family had benefitted either from dissections of the cephalic capsule or from scanning electron microscope examination (Wittmer, 1976a). We used the classical steps of dissecting, clearing in potash solution, mounting in a drop of syrup solution of dimethyl hydantoin formaldehyde and examination with compound microscope in transmitted light at 200–400 × (see Liberti 2005). In Pseudotelegeusis, we observed that the organization of the tentorium is similar to that of the Phengodidae Distremocephalus texanus (LeConte), as illustrated by Wittmer (1976a: 444, fig. 28). It consists of two arms separate at the base, basally joined by a bridge, distinct and subparallel in their central portion and obliquely curved against the dorsal surface. Type material Holotype PERU • 1 ♂; ‘‘ Madre de Dios, CICRA Field station, garden; 12.56940° S, 70.10100°W; alt. 260 m; 6–16 Sept. 2010; C. Chaboo & Maria J. Endara leg.; Malaise trap; KUNHM-ENT, PER-10-09- MAT-015’’; MUSM-ENT. Paratypes (34 exx.) PERU – Madre de Dios dept . • 1 ♂; CICRA Field station, garden; 12.56940° S, 70.10100°W; alt. 260 m; 6–16 Sep. 2010; Maria J. Endara leg.; Malaise trap; KUNHM-ENT, PER-10-09-MAT-015, KUNHM / SEMC# 1097969 • 1 ♂; same location as preceding; 29 Jul.–5 Aug. 2010; PER-10-07 - MAT-009, former SEMC 1096735; CCo • 1 ♂; same location as preceding; 26 Aug.–2 Sep. 2010; PER-10-08-MAT-013, KUNHM / SEMC# 1061709 • 1 ♂; same location as preceding; 2–9 Sep.2010; PER-10-09-MAT-014; former SEMC 1096363; MUSM-ENT • 1 ♂; same location as preceding; 23 Sep.–2 Oct. 2010; PER-10-09-MAT-017, former SEMC 1062359; MUSM-ENT. • 1 ♂; 12 rd km E Mazuko, p[uen]te. Mazuko; 13°2′51.1″ S, 70°20′45.9″W, 382m, Malaise trap; 18–22 Aug. 2012; R. R. Cavichiolli. J. A. Rafael, A. P. Santos & D. M. Takiya leg.; DZUP 458.569. • 2 ♂♂; Tambopata prov., 15 km NE Puerto Maldonado, Reserva Cusco Amazônica; 12°33′ S 69°03′ W; 200 m; Plot #Z1U9; 13 Jun. 1989; R.A. Leschen, #035, Light intercept; MTEC • 1 ♂; same location as preceding; Plot #Z2E8, J.S. Ashe, R.A. Leschen, #028; KUNHM • 3 ♂♂; same location as preceding; 25 Jun. 1989, J.S. Ashe, R.A. Leschen, #240, Flight intercept trap; KUNHM • 1 ♂; same location as preceding; 22 Jun. 1989; J.S. Ashe, R.A. Leschen, #184, Flight intercept trap; KUNHM • 2 ♂♂; same location as preceding; 28 Jun. 1989; J.S. Ashe, R.A. Leschen, #308, Flight intercept trap. – Huánuco dept. • 2 ♂♂; provincia de Puerto Inca (150 km ENE of Huanuco), ACP [Area de Conservación Privada y Estación Biologica] Panguana, rio Yuyapichis; 9°36°49” S, 74°56′W; alt. 220 m; 1–20 May 2015, Malaise trap, E. Diller leg.; ZSM 2019-11 A, ZSM 2019-11 B • 1 ♂; same data as preceding; CCo • 5 ♂♂; same location as preceding; 9 Oct. 2015, Malaise trap, E. Diller; MUSM-ENT • 2 ♂♂; same location as preceding; Lupana weg, Licht Boden [Lupana path, light trap on soil], 6 Oct. 2015, A. Gruppe & V. Abbt leg.; ZSM 2019-11 C, ZSM 2019-11 D • 1 ♂; same location as preceding, 7 Oct. 2015; MUSM # • 1 ♂; same data as preceding; BMNH {E} 2019-139 / NHMUK013655401 • 1 ♂; same location as preceding; 12 Oct. 2015; CCo • 1 ♂; same location as preceding, 13 Oct. 2015; BMNH {E} 2019-139 / NHMUK013655402 • 2 ♂♂; same location as preceding; 16 Oct. 2015; ZSM 2019-11 E, ZSM 2019- 11F. – Loreto dept. • 1 ♂; provincia de Requena, Jenaro Herrera, on east bank of Ucayali river (about 145 km SW of Iquitos and 4 km E of Jenaro); 4°55′0″ S, 73°36′49″W; alt. 135 m; Plot 16, flight interception trap 9 (FIT); forest edge on terra firme; 26 Jul. 2011; G. Lamarre leg.; MUSM-ENT • 1 ♂; same location as preceding; Plot 16, FIT 9; 21 Jul. 2011; G. Lamarre leg.; CCo • 1 ♂; same collection data as preceding; Plot 16, FIT 10; 5 Aug. 2011; G. Lamarre leg.; MUSM-ENT. Diagnosis Head light brown, body overall pale yellow. Antennae serrate from antennomere III to X (Figs 1C, 2A). Eyes occupying half of head width, in lateral view. Vertex occupying ³⁄ 5 of head in dorsal view (Fig. 1D). Elytron reaching the anterior margin of the third abdominal segment, covering the basal half of the folded hind wings (Figs 1A, 1B, 2A). Etymology The name meloi is given in honor of Gabriel A.R. Melo, a fellow researcher from the Laboratório de Biologia Comparada de Hymenoptera, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Brazil. Gabriel was responsible for receiving us during our visit to UFPR, and for the loan of the first known specimen of this new species. Description Male COLORATION. Body overall pale yellow, except for brown head. HEAD. Antennae 11-segmented, serrate from antennomere III to X (Figs 1C, 2A). Eyes dorsally protruding; occupying half of head width, in lateral view. Vertex occupying ³⁄ 5 of head in dorsal view (Figs 1D, 2B). Maxillary palpi 4-segmented, last segment as long as first three segments combined length (Fig. 3A). Labial palpi 1-segmented. Two distinct tentorial pits (Fig. 3B). Head slightly wider than long (Fig. 1D), cephalic surface smooth, without distinct punctures. THORAX. Pronotum transverse (Figs 1E, 2B), 1.4 times as wide as than long. Anterior edge regularly rounded, posterior edge more arched. Lateral edges almost rectilinear. Disc slightly transversally convex, smooth, without distinct punctures, bordered by a furrow and a complete rounded bead except in the median fourth of the anterior and posterior margins. Anterior corners with a deep dimple. Elytron 3.5 × as long as wide (Fig. 1F), reaching the anterior margin of the third abdominal segment (Fig. 1A, 1B). Both elytra dehiscent, narrowing towards the rounded tips. The two basal thirds of the elytral surface shiny, shallowly punctate; apical third of elytra rugulose, with a dense vestiture of brown setae inserted in minute vesicles. ABDOMEN. With eight ventrites. Tergite IX transverse, 1.5 × wider than long, apical margin slightly emarginate medially. Tergite X narrow, half-tube shaped (Fig. 2E). Sternite IX cordiform, as long as broad, the apical edge slightly emarginated (Fig. 2F). Aedeagus (Fig. 2D). Phallobase elongate, lateral walls subparallel; apical part of lateral lobes (parameres) laterally straight, their summit roundly truncate; lateral lobes bound on the ventral side by a median styliform blade, prolonged by a gutter guiding the apex of the median lobe; median lobe regularly narrowing from base to apex. Immatures and females Unknown. Measurements Holotype: TL: 4.6 mm; HW: 0.92 mm; AL: 2.08 mm; IOW: 0.52 mm; OL: 0.38 mm; PL: 0.55 mm; PW: 0.79mm; EL: 1.72 mm; EW: 0.98. Paratypes from the region of Madre de Dios (9): TL: 3.5–4.5 mm (aver. 4.15 mm); AL: 1.76–2.0 mm (aver. 1.86 mm); HW: 0.7–0.92 mm (aver. 0.84 mm); IOW: 0.39–0.53 mm (aver. 0.49 mm); OL: 0.3– 0.37 mm (aver. 0.33 mm); PL: 0.43–0.57 mm (aver. 0.52 mm); PW: 0.6–0.78 mm (aver. 0.72 mm); EL: 1.42–1.72 mm (aver. 1.56 mm); EW: 0.72–0.92 mm (aver. 0.85 mm); ratio PW/PL: 1.73–2 (aver. 1.83). Paratypes from Huanuco, ACP Panguana (16): TL: 3.2–4.3 mm (aver. 3.55 mm); AL: 1.3–1.78 mm (aver. 1.55 mm); HW: 0.63–0.87 mm (aver. 0.73 mm); IOW: 0.38–0.54 mm (aver. 0.47 mm); OL: 0.26– 0.31 mm (aver. 0.29 mm); PL: 0.41–0.54 mm (aver. 0.48 mm); PW: 0.57–0.75 mm (aver. 0.66 mm); EL: 1.08–1.48 mm (aver. 1.26 mm); EW: 0.6–0.84 mm (aver. 0.72 mm); ratio PW/PL: 1.59–1.952 (aver. 1.76). Paratypes from Loreto, Jenaro Herrera (3): TL: 4.2–4.3 mm (aver. 4.23 mm); AL: 1.82–1.9 mm (aver. 1.85 mm); HW: 0.8–0.9 mm (aver. 0.84 mm); IOW: 0.43–0.49 mm (aver. 0.45 mm); OL: 0.33–0.37 mm (aver. 0.35 mm); PL: 0.49–0.54 mm (aver. 0.51 mm); PW: 0.72–0.79 mm (aver. 0.75 mm); EL: 1.42– 1.72 mm (aver. 1.56 mm); EW: 0.82–0.86 mm (aver. 0.83 mm); ratio PW/PL: 1.76–1.83 (aver. 1.79). Intra-specific variability The general coloration does not show any variability. Paratypes originating from the region of Madre de Dios do not differ significantly from the holotype. At a distance of 800 km from the type station, the series of specimens from ACP Panguana (Huanuco) is distinguished by the smaller size and significantly shortened elytra of the specimens, which still remain within the range of variability of the Madre de Dios specimens. All other morphological characters are identical. At a distance of 1300 km from the type station, specimens from Jenaro-Herrera (Loreto) differ only in the slightly narrower interocular interval of the vertex, the longer eyes, the pronotum more transverse, the shorter elytra. All the other morphological characteristics, including the aedeagus, ensure its unequivocal specific identity as P. meloi sp. nov. Biology and distribution The holotype of Pseudotelegeusis meloi sp. nov. was collected in September, during the beginning of autumn. It inhabits low altitudinal areas of 260 m in the Peruvian Amazonian Rainforest of Madre de Dios. Paratypes were collected by interception trap, either Malaise traps, or window interception trap. With one series attracted by a UV light trap at the ACP Panguana. Differential diagnosis The new species differs markedly from P. jiliotupaensis by the serrate antennae (moniliform in P. jiliotupaensis) and the abdomen with eight ventrites (seven in P. jiliotupaensis). Also, this new species differs from P. oculatus by the antennae serrate from antennomeres III to X (from IV to X in P. oculatus) and the convex posterior margin of pronotum (more pointed medially in P. oculatus). The new species most closely resembles P. howdeni by their similar antennae, but can be distinguished by the yellowish coloration, the protruding eyes, smaller vertex and the straight anterior margin of pronotum (brown coloration, eyes not protruding, big vertex and the anterior margin of pronotum slightly pointed medially in P. howdeni).

Genus Mesochila Rivalier, 1969 Pentacomia (Mesochila) Rivalier 1969: 219 Mesochila: Moravec 2018:138, Published as part of Roza, Andr�� Silva & Mermudes, Jos�� Ricardo Miras, 2019, A new species of Mesochila Rivalier, 1969 (Coleoptera: Cicindelidae) from the Brazilian Caatinga, pp. 295-300 in Zootaxa 4688 (2) on page 296, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4688.2.10, http://zenodo.org/record/3516064

Mesochila (Mesochila) moraveci sp. nov. (Figs 1 –7) Type material. Holotype male: Brasil. Piauí. Caracol. Parque Nacional / da Serra das Confusões. Ao lado da estrada. / Rio seco, Malaise G, Terra 05. / 09° 12’ 53.7” S, 43° 30’ 13.5” W, 477 m, / 11–15.XII.2018, Gonçalves, C.C., Prando, J.S., / Carrenho, R., Rodrigues, J.M.S. & Magalhães, O.M. col. // Holótipo / Mesochila moraveci sp. nov. / Roza det. 2019 // DZRJ. Type locality. Brazil: Caracol, state of Píauí, Parque Nacional da Serra das Confusões, Rio seco, 09°12´53.7´´S, 43°30´13.5´´W, 477m. Differential diagnosis. Mesochila moraveci sp. nov. is similar to M. (M.) brevipennis, M. (M.) drechseli and M. (M.) prepusula by its comparatively short and narrow aedeagus, with a thick, moderately hooked apex (Figs 6 and 7), and the internal sac with three distinct sclerites characteristic of the species-complex: a ventral spur with double-wing “stingray-like” base, an oval upper sclerite with a echinulate surface and a dorso-basal semitriangular piece (Fig. 7). Externally, it is most easily distinguished from these three species by the distinct humeral band (Fig. 1 and 5). Mesochila (M,) brasiliensis (Dejean, 1825) and Mesochila (Paramesochila) horni (Schilder, 1953) possesses similar humeral band, but can be distinguished by their very different aedeagi; moreover, the former also by its different pronotal surface, the latter by its more elongate pronotum and more uneven elytral surface. In addition, none of these externally similar species have the whitish lateromedian macula prolonged along the outer margin in form of a thin stripe as it is in the new species (Fig.5). Description of the male holotype. Body (Fig. 1) small, 9.2 mm long, 2.9 mm wide. Head (Fig. 2) moderately large with wide eyes, 2.6 mm wide, almost as wide as body and markedly wider than pronotum, metallic purple with green-blue luster; all head portions glabrous. Frons distinctly convex in middle and anteriad slopes towards clearly separated clypeus, confluent with vertex over rounded fold, metallic purple with faint green-blue luster; almost smooth in apical portion, middle with rather distinctly longitudinally parallel-striate, the striae become transversely parallel and arcuate when passing onto convex vertex-frons median area forming there arcuate-transverse striae; supra-antennal plates rather wide, irregularly triangular, longitudinally parallel-striate and shiny-purple, their apex forming short and distinct lateral frons-vertex edge. Vertex metallic purple with green luster particularly on posterior and juxtaorbital areas, convex in middle with small shallow anteromedian impressions; anteromedian and median area oblique-parallel striate, striae on posterior become more transverse along with longitudinal striae running along sublateral and lateral areas passing onto temples, and juxtaorbital areas, posteromedian and occipital areas covered with irregularly transverse-wavy to vermicular rugae. Genae shiny metallic green, with parallel longitudinal striae running across it. Clypeus metallic-purple with green anterior and posterior margins, and small portion of median area, slightly bulged in middle, finely irregularly wrinkled with vermicular rugae. Labrum (Fig. 3) 4-setose, ochraceous, with several darker patches, 1.5x longer than wide, 0.8 mm long, 1.2 mm wide, lateral margins moderately arcuate with slightly distinct lateral indentation; anterolateral teeth distinct, right-angled, rounded; anterior lobe moderately prolonged anteriad, lateral margins forming indistinct and rounded anterior teeth, anterior margin raised in middle in form of triangular median tooth. Mandibles (Fig. 3) normally shaped with arcuate lateral margins, rather long, almost symmetrical (except for the typically longer terminal teeth in right mandible), each mandible with four teeth (and basal molar), two inner teeth gradually smaller towards basal molar, ivory-yellow except for black-brownish teeth with black margins. Palpi (Fig. 3). Maxillary palpi normally shaped with terminal palpomeres gradually dilated towards apex, ivory ochraceous with gradually brown to black-brownish terminal palpomeres; labial palpi ochraceous with blackbrownish terminal palpomeres; penultimate (longest) palpomere of labial palpi elongate and slightly flat, not enlarged towards apex. Antennae (Fig. 1) short, reaching back a fourth of the elytra length; scape dark green with only one apical seta, pedicel brownish-ochraceous with a dark green ring in middle, antennomere 3–4 with sparse and indistinct setae, ochraceous, slightly clavate-dilated towards apex, but antennomere 4 much shorter; antennomeres 5–11 with typical micropubescence, ochraceous and gradually darkened. Thorax. Pronotum (Fig. 4) glabrous, metallic purple with faint green luster throughout and more intensively within anterior sulcus and on posterior lobe, slightly longer than wide, length 1.85 mm, width 1.75 mm, sulci well pronounced; anterior lobe slightly wider than posterior lobe, surface of anterior lobe indefinitely rugose with arcuate wrinkled striae; disc almost quadrangular with distinctly convex lateral margins (including clearly visible proepisterna), notopleural sutures thin but distinct in dorsal view; medial line distinct in middle of the disc length; discal surface rather coarsely striate, with parallel-wavy striae becoming obliquely-parallel near medial line; narrow juxtanotopleural area smooth and shiny-green; posterior lobe with scattered, irregular rugae of indefinite shape, with distinct posterior rim; all ventral and lateral sterna glabrous and almost smooth, metallic dark green with almost no luster. Elytra (Figs 1 and 5) elongate, 5.8 mm long, 2.9 mm wide, slightly dilated posteriad after the anterior third, with rounded humeri, anteapical angles arcuate and running obliquely towards apices which are rounded towards almost indistinct sutural spine; microserrulation indistinct, partly absent; elytral dorsal surface moderately convex, humeral impressions long and deep, basodiscal convexity distinct, clearly delineated by rather deep discal impression; additional, rather deep impression present mesad of whitish lateromedian macula; anteapical-apical impressions distinct; elytral coloration uniformly purple with faint purple and green luster; surface coarsely punctate, punctures isolated, some of them anastomosing in chains, slightly larger on elytral base, iridescent green, punctures becoming slightly smaller and shallower on posterior declivity and lateral areas, nearly effaced on bulged area of anteapical angles; elytral surface glabrous except for the usual, indistinct, only occasional and easily abraded hair like sensory setae; whitish elytral maculation consisting of three maculae: large humeral-lateral band which is visible from above that almost reaches lateromedian macula; lateromedian subtriangular macula, distinctly mesad-prolonged; anteapical triangular macula dilated in middle and then narrowed distinctly distant from apex. Legs. Coxae dark-green with faint purple luster, anterior and lateral posterior area of pro- and mesocoxae whitish setose; metacoxae with faint green luster, with one central seta and lateral margin fringed with dense setae; trochanters glabrous, ochre; femora basely purple, apically ochraceous with apex testaceous; femoral surface covered with rather sparse, short, whitish semierect setae; tibiae concolored with femora apex, and becoming darker towards apex, covered with scattered, semierected, whitish setae that are scattered and somewhat thicker on metatibiae; apical-ventral area of protibiae and mesotibiae with usual, dense whitish to rusty setose pad; tarsi black with brown-darkened apex of first tarsomere, first three dilated protarsomeres in male with dense greyish-white pad; claws black-brown. Abdomen. Ventrites metallic dark green with green luster, surface of ventrites smooth and glabrous (except for typical, long hair like sensory seta (easily abraded) on each side at posterior margin of last three ventrites). Aedeagus (Figs 6 and 7) short and narrow, 7.25 times longer than wide, 2.90 mm long, 0.4 mm wide, apical portion rather short and parallel, with slight apical constriction forming thick slightly hooked apex; internal sac formed by three distinct sclerites: a ventral spur with double-wing “stingray-like” base, an oval upper sclerite with a echinulate surface and a dorso-basal semitriangular piece. Biology and distribution. The male Holotype of Mesochila moraveci sp. nov. was collected during the summer of the Southern Hemisphere, in December. It inhabits low altitude areas, around 480 m, of the Parque Nacional da Serra das Confusões, Piauí State, northeastern Brazil. Etymology. The name is in honor to Jiří Moravec, a fellow entomologist, who develops research with Tiger beetles, currently working on the thorough revision of the subtribe Odontocheilina in the Neotropics. Singular genitive, masculine. Remarks. The last three abdominal segments and the aedeagus of the Holotype of this new species were somewhat fragile, breaking during the dissection. Fortunately, as obvious from Fig. 7, the aedeagus was broken before the internal sac and did not damage the sclerites integrity.

Spiessberger, Erich Lara, Mermudes, José Ricardo Miras (2018): Notes on the Distribution and Ovipositor Morphology of Mylarisgigas (Linnaeus, 1767), Mylaris maxima (Germar, 1824), and Taphrosomadohrni Kirsch, 1866 (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae: Stenochiinae: Cnodalonini). The Coleopterists Bulletin 72 (1): 209-213, DOI: 10.1649/0010-065X-72.1.209, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1649/0010-065x-72.1.209

Mylaris maxima (Germar, 1824) (Figs. 5–8) Examined Material. BRAZIL: Goias: Planaltina (15°36’S 47°44’W, 960 m) 29.I.2001, without leg., 1 M (CPAC). Minas Gerais: Jabuticatubas (Serra do Cipó) 1, 21–24.XI.2000, U. Caramaschi leg., 1 F (MNRJ). Esp´ırito Santo: Linhares (Parque Sooretama) III.1953, Pedro Almeida Teles leg., 2 M, 2 F (MNRJ); Rio de Janeiro: Cachoeiras de Macacu (REGUA) 27.IX.2013, Mermudes et al. leg., 1 M (DZRJ). Rio das Ostras, 8. X.1983, C. R. Sampaio leg. 1 F (DZRJ). Senador Vasconcelos (Morro da Posse) (22°53’17.2”S 43°32’17.5”W 124 m) 12.VIII.2015, Alves, A. leg., 1 F, 1 M (DZRJ). Campo Grande, I.2016, Alves, A. leg., 1M (DZRJ). S~ao Fidélis (E. Rio Brasil) VIII.1956, O. Alvarenga leg., 1 F (MNRJ). Santa Catarina: Joinville, Brückner leg., 1 F (MNRJ). ARGENTINA: Misiones: Cainguas, Campo Grande, X.1949, Alergo leg., 1 F; Tabunas XII.195, Monrós leg., 1 M, 1 F; Ango Hacutinga X.1951, Monrós leg., 1M; Salto Encantado 11 km Aristobulo Del Valle, XI.1951, Monrós leg., 1M. PARAGUAY: Itapua: Capitan Meza XII.1952, Neunteufel leg., 1F (IFML). Distribution. Brazil (Blackwelder 1945). New country records: Argentina and Paraguay (Fig. 19)., Published as part of Spiessberger, Erich Lara & Mermudes, José Ricardo Miras, 2018, Notes on the Distribution and Ovipositor Morphology of Mylarisgigas (Linnaeus, 1767), Mylaris maxima (Germar, 1824), and Taphrosomadohrni Kirsch, 1866 (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae: Stenochiinae: Cnodalonini), pp. 209-213 in The Coleopterists Bulletin 72 (1) on page 210, DOI: 10.1649/0010-065X-72.1.209, http://zenodo.org/record/5381231, {"references":["Blackwelder, R. E. 1945. Checklist of the coleopterous insects of Mexico, Central America, the West Indies, and South America. United States National Museum Bulletin 185 (3): 343 - 550."]}

Mylaris gigas (Linnaeus, 1767) (Figs. 1–4) Examined Material. COSTA RICA: Puntarenas: Peninsula de Osa: Agua Buenas, Est. Boscosa (08°42’05’’N 83°30’48’’W), 21-27.VI.2001, M.A. Ivie leg., 1 M (MAIC). Limón: Sector Cocori, 100 m: 30 km N. de Cariari, III.1994, E. Rojas leg. L N 286000_567500 #2790, 1 M (MAIC). PERU: Huanunco: Leoncio Prado: Tingo Maria (670 m), Weyrauch leg., det. Kulzer, 2 M; Rio Huallaga (67 0m) VII.55, Weyrauch leg., 1 M; (700 m) I. IV.1940, Weyrauch leg., 1 M; Tulomayo, Tingo Maria (400 m), X.46, ex Coll. Weyrauch leg., 1 M (IFML). Coronel Portillo: Pucallpa (200 m) VIII.47, Weyrauch leg., 1 F, 2 M; (Valle Chanchamayo) (800 m) V.55, Weyrauch leg. 1 M. BOLIVIA: Santa Cruz: Cordillera Cabezas I.1947, Peredo leg., 1 M; Tarija, Ing. Bermejo II.1969, Golbach leg., 1M; El Palmar, I. 1958, Monrós leg., 1F. Chapare (Yungas) I.49, Bridarolli leg., Molinari det. 1969, 1 M (IFML). BRAZIL: Esp´ırito Santo: Linhares (Parque Sooretama) III.1953, Pedro Almeida Teles leg. 3 M, 2 F, (MNRJ). Goiás: Planaltina, 960 m (15°36’S 47°44’W) 29.I.2001 (CPAC) 1 F. Rio de Janeiro: Angra dos Reis (Ilha Grande, Vila Dois Rios - Caxadaço), 06.IX.2008, Proj. Coleoptera leg. (DZRJ) 1 M. PARAGUAY: Itapua: Hohenau, XI.1958, Foster leg., Molinari det. 1959, 1 M; Alto Paraguay XI.1951, without leg., Molinari det. 1959, 1 F (IFML). Distribution. Mexico, Guatemala, Nicaragua, Panama, Colombia, French Guiana, Suriname, Brazil, Peru, Bolivia, Argentina (Blackwelder 1945). New country records: Paraguay and Costa Rica (Fig. 19)., Published as part of Spiessberger, Erich Lara & Mermudes, José Ricardo Miras, 2018, Notes on the Distribution and Ovipositor Morphology of Mylarisgigas (Linnaeus, 1767), Mylaris maxima (Germar, 1824), and Taphrosomadohrni Kirsch, 1866 (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae: Stenochiinae: Cnodalonini), pp. 209-213 in The Coleopterists Bulletin 72 (1) on page 210, DOI: 10.1649/0010-065X-72.1.209, http://zenodo.org/record/5381231, {"references":["Blackwelder, R. E. 1945. Checklist of the coleopterous insects of Mexico, Central America, the West Indies, and South America. United States National Museum Bulletin 185 (3): 343 - 550."]}

Araucariocladus hiems Silveira & Mermudes sp. nov. Etymology. hiems is a latin word for winter. The specific epithet refers to the remarkable fact that the species occurs during the subtropical winter of Southeastern Atlantic Rainforest. Name in apposition. Type material. Holotype: male, BRAZIL: Rio de Janeiro, Teresópolis, Parque Nacional da Serra dos Órgãos, VI/2013, S 22° 27’ 34.6”, W 43° 0 1 40.2”, 1824m, R. Monteiro col. (DZRJ). Two paratypes: BRAZIL: Rio de Janeiro, Teresópolis, Parque Nacional da Serra dos Órgãos, VI/2013, S 22° 27’ 34.6”, W 43° 0 1 40.2”, 1824m, R. Monteiro col., 1 male (dissected), (DZRJ); idem, VI/2014, 1 male (MNRJ). Male description. Color Pattern (Fig. 1–2): Dark-brown, except by black elytral disc and pale yellow pronotal anterior and lateral margins, and elytral margins up to apical 4/5. Morphology. Head. Densely bristled all over, turned anteriad. Eye (Figs. 3–6) as wide as 1/4 head width in dorsal view; almost as wide in dorsal as in ventral view; internal margin subparallel-sided up to middle, then divergent posteriad both in dorsal and ventral view. Antennal sockets (Fig. 6) separated by 1/2 labral width; almost 1/3 higher than wide. Labrum with anterior margin rounded, anterior half feebly sclerotized. Maxillary palpomere IV>III>II=I. Labial palpomere III>II>I. Thorax. Pronotum (Figs.14–17) with punctures separated by less than puncture diameter, more confluent at the disc. Hypomera (Fig. 18) 2.4x longer than high, with sparse, deep bristled punctures. Prosternal process wide (Figs.19–20), posterior margin 1/5 prosternal width, anterior margin slightly indented medially and entirely bristled. Mesoscutellum (Fig. 21) bristled, deeply punctured, punctures bristled. Abdomen. Sternum VIII (Fig. 30) strongly emarginate. Pygidium (T8) (Fig. 30) almost as long as wide, bisinuose, lateral margins straight, posterior angles well-developed and acute, as long as posterior margin, posterior margin rounded. Aedeagus (Fig. 31–33) with apical half weakly-sclerotized. Biology. Three individuals of Araucariocladus hiems were sampled in the high montane forests of the Serra dos Órgaos mountain range, at 1825 m. Two individuals were collected in June/2013, and one in June/2014, with daily average temperature record 11°C, minimum average 8°C, maximum average 14°C.

Akamboja monteirorum sp. nov. Roza, Quintino, Mermudes & Silveira (Figs 27–30 and 43) Etymology. The name is in honor to the Monteiro family, especially our dear friends, Drs. Ricardo and Margarete. Their enthusiasm and contributions to Neotropical insect ecology are noteworthy. They also helped the last author to collect specimens of three species. Genitive, plural. Diagnosis. Male. Eyes occupying two thirds of head width, in lateral view (Fig. 29). Apical maxillary palpomere 3.5x longer than subapical (Fig. 29). Vertex occupying? of head in dorsal view (Fig. 30). Elytron reaching the posterior margin of the fourth abdominal segment (Fig. 27). Description, male. Measurements (n=5): Total length: 4.1–4.5 mm (aver. 4.3 mm). Head length: 0.5–0.7 mm (aver. 0.6 mm). Head width: 0.6–0.7 mm (aver. 0.6 mm). Pronotum length: 0.5–0.6 mm (aver. 0.55 mm). Pronotum maximum length: 0.5–0.6 mm (aver. 0.55 mm). Elytron length: 1.5–1.6 mm (aver. 1.55 mm). Elytron maximum width: 0.4 mm (aver. 0.4 mm). Elytral spot length: 0.2–0.3 mm (aver. 0.25 mm). Morphology: Eyes occupying two thirds of head width, in lateral view (Fig. 29). Vertex occupying? of head in dorsal view (Fig. 30). Apical maxillary palpomere 3.5x longer than subapical (Fig. 30). Head as wide as long (Fig. 30). Elytron 3.5x longer than wide (Fig. 27), reaching the posterior margin of the fourth abdominal segment, elytron apical spot occupying a fifth of the elytron (Fig. 27). Color. Body overall light brown. Pronotum dark to light brown. Elytron almost black to light brown, apex pale yellow, sometimes light brown. Wing venation black to light brown. Immature and females. Unknown Biology and distribution. Akamboja monteirorum sp. nov. seems to occur only during spring and summer. It inhabits high altitudinal areas of Itatiaia, on the Itatiaia massif, in the Serra da Mantiqueira mountain range, from 1280 to 1442 m. It is found on the montane forest. Remarks. This species resembles Akamboja minimum sp. nov., but can be distinguished by its bigger size, elytron (the elytron of Akamboja minimum sp. nov. reaches the anterior margin of the second abdominal segment, while in Akamboja monteirorum sp. nov. it reaches the posterior margin of the third), smaller vertex (bigger in Akamboja minimum sp. nov.) and its high altitude occurrence (low altitude occurrence in Akamboja minimun sp. nov.). Akamboja monteirorum sp. nov. occurs only in montane forest (from 830 m to 1442 m), while Akamboja minimum sp. nov. occurs in lower montane forest (below 800 m) and partially in the montane forest (beginning in 600 m). Type material. Holotype (male): BRAZIL. Rio de Janeiro. Itatiaia. Parque Nacional de Itatiaia. PENSA RIO Pt. 3, 22°25’42.6’’ S, 44°37’42,2’’ W, 1442 m, 1 male, 12.X.2013, R. Monteiro col. (DZRJ). Paratypes (all male): BRAZIL. Rio de Janeiro. Itatiaia. Parque Nacional de Itatiaia. PENSA RIO Pt. 2, 22° 25’ 59,6” S, 44° 37’ 39,7” W, 1280 m, 1 male, 12. II.2015, R. Monteiro col. (DZRJ); PENSA RIO Pt. 3, 22°25’42.6’’ S, 44°37’42,2’’ W, 1442 m, 1 male, 7.I.2015, R. Monteiro col. (DZRJ); Parque Nacional de Itatiaia. Setor Lago Azul, Mata, Ponto M 3B, 22°27’01.10’’S, 44°36’55.30’’W, 830m, 2 males, 04.XII.2015 – 06.I.2016 (MNRJ). Serra Negra, 2 males, 17.VII.2012, Mermudes col (MZSP).

Akamboja gen. nov. Roza, Quintino, Mermudes & Silveira Type species. Akamboja minimum Roza, Quintino, Mermudes & Silveira sp. nov., by original designation. Etymology. The following radicals come from the Guarani language: Akã = branch, and Mboja = fused, glued (Dooley 1998). The name denotes the fused branches of ninth antennomere. Gender neutrum. Diagnosis. Body overall small, around 4 mm (Figs 1 and 2); antenna with ten antennomeres, IV to VIII with two short symmetrical branches, 1.5 to 2x the size of the antennomere; branches of antennomere IX fused in a singular flabellum, slightly depressed medially (Figs 3 and 10); mandible small, curved downwards (Figs 7 and 8); posterior tentorial pit consisting of a single small fossa (Figs 11 and 12); pronotum narrower than humeral distance (Fig. 1); elytron short, surpassing the second to fourth abdominal segment (depending on species), 3– 4x longer than wide, slightly convergent posteriorly, thickened apically, sometimes with a white or pale yellow spot (Fig. 15); first tarsomere of anterior leg with a ventral comb as long as the tarsomere (Figs 17 and 18); claws with six long and asymmetrical teeth (Figs 19 and 20); aedeagus with patch of bristles at paramere apex (Figs 21 and 22). Description, male. Coloration: Body overall light brown to dark yellow. Pronotum dark to light brown. Elytron almost black to light brown, apex pale yellow, sometimes light brown. Wing venation black to light brown. Head (Figs 6 and 7). Head wider than long or as wide as long, fully exposed, prognathous; slightly wider than pronotum; integument glossy, coarsely punctured; antenna shorter than elytron; 10-segmented, antennomere short, IV and IX slightly smaller than V-VIII, X flattened and rounded, IV-VIII with two short, symmetrical branches, IX with branches fused in a singular flabellum, slightly depressed medially (Figs 3 and 10); eyes finely faceted, almost spherical, as long as 1/2 to 1/3 head length in lateral view, frons plan, wider than antennomere I length, clypeus fused to frons, both coarsely punctured; labrum small and free, apically notched (Figs 7 and 8), 5x wider than long; mandibles very thin, 3x longer than wide, curved down; Maxillary palpi 4-segmented, IV securiform, 3– 4x longer than the third, coarsely punctured on anterior half, finely punctured on posterior half (Fig. 9); labial palpi 2- segmented, small and thin, covered by mandibles, last segment rounded; tentorial pit consisting of a single fossa (Figs 6, 11 and 12), apodeme indistinct; gular sutures contiguous. Thorax (Figs 5–6, 13 and 15). Pronotum quadrangular, as long as wide, anterior angles dorsally concave, lateral margins divergent posteriad, posterior angles medially notched, integument glossy, finely punctured (Fig. 5); Mesesternum, mesepimeron and mesepisternum with lateral setae and obliterated sutures (Figs 13 and 14). Elytron short, surpassing the second or third abdominal segment, 3– 4x longer than wide, wider in anterior half, subparallel, apex swollen, moderately setigerous punctured (Fig. 15); posterior wings with radial cell closed, reduced, and variable in size (sometimes in the same individual), vein r4 interrupted (Fig. 16); legs increasing in length, protarsomere I with ventral comb as long as the tarsomere (Figs 17 and 18), 1/2 the length of meso and metatarsomere I, tarsomere IV of all legs 1/ 2 V length, claws pectinate, with six long and asymmetrical teeth (Figs 19 and 20). Abdomen (Fig. 2, 21–22). Densely punctate and setose; aedeagus (Figs 21 and 22) trilobed, median lobe cylindrical, strongly curved at base, acuminate apically, with many tiny glandular openings; flagellum encircled around median lobe at rest; about as long as median lobe length; base of flagellum with two protuberances (Fig. 22); parameres parallels, elongate, oval, narrowed to apex, setose and bidentate at the inner side. Length. 3.3 to 4.8 mm. Female and immature stages. Unknown. Biology and distribution. Akamboja gen. nov. only occurs on mountain areas, with at least 150m of altitude. It is usually caught during spring and summer, which in Brazil begins at end of September and lasts to the end of March. Only one specimen of Akamboja monteirorum sp. nov. was caught outside this margin, in May, that corresponds to autumn in the southern hemisphere. Species of this genus were never seen alive, so there is no data regarding their habits. It occurs in montane and ombrophilous forests, along several localities of the Serra do Mar and the Serra da Mantiqueira mountain ranges. Remarks. Zaragoza-Caballero’s key (2010) to Mastinocerinae genera would place Akamboja in Decamastinocerus Wittmer, 1988 from Venezuela, as it has antenna with ten antennomeres. Although Akamboja gen. nov. is morphologically similar to Decamastinocerus, it can be easily distinguished by the larger size (from 3.3 to 4.8 mm in Akamboja, 2.5 mm in Decamastinocerus), interantennal space almost twice scape length (smaller in Decamastinocerus), fused branches of the ninth segment (separated in Decamastinocerus), larger eyes (occupying less than half of head in Decamastinocerus), head wider than the pronotum (as wide as pronotum in Decamastinocerus), and elytron completely setose (apically setose in Decamastinocerus); claws with six long and asymmetrical teeth (with three small medial teeth in Decamastinocerus). This new genus is very homogeneous morphologically. However, species have remarkable intraspecific variation, especially in color patterns, eyes, palpomeres, wing and elytra size. The radial cell, for example, can be very small in a wing and large in the other wing of the same individual. As for the colour pattern, the older specimens, which are exposed to ethanol for longer periods, show more pale and homogeneous coloration. Therefore, the color variation could be an artifact of the method of conservation.

Akamboja tenebrae sp. nov. Roza, Quintino, Mermudes & Silveira (Figs 31–35 and 44) Etymology. tenebrae is an adjective, and means shades or darkness of the night in Latin. It is a reference to the dark coloration of the pronotum of the species compared to the others of the genus. Name in apposition. Diagnosis. Pronotum dark brown (Fig. 31). Eyes occupying half of head width, in lateral view (Fig. 33). Vertex occupying? of head in dorsal view (Fig. 35). Apical maxillary palpomere 3.5x longer than subapical (Fig. 33). Elytron reaching the anterior margin of the second abdominal segment (Fig. 31). Description, male. Measurements (n=6): Total length: 3.4–4.3 mm (aver. 3.9 mm). Head length: 0.57–0.61 mm (aver. 0.58 mm). Head width: 0.55–0.61 mm (aver. 0.59 mm). Pronotum length: 0.53–0.59 mm (aver. 0.55 mm). Pronotum maximum width: 0.5–0.55 (aver. 0.52 mm). Elytron length: 1.05–1.23 mm (aver. 1.13 mm). Elytron maximum width: 0.37–0.43 mm (aver. 0.39 mm). Elytral spot length: 0.16–0.24 mm (aver. 0.2 mm). Morphology: Eyes occupying half head width, in lateral view (Fig. 33). Lateral region of the head sparsely setose posterior to eyes (Fig. 34). Vertex occupying? of head in dorsal view (Fig. 35). Apical maxillary palpomere 3.5x longer than subapical (Fig. 33). Head as wide as long. Elytron 3x longer than wide (Fig. 31), Elytron reaching the anterior margin of the second abdominal segment (Fig. 31), apical spot occupying a fifth of the elytron (Fig. 31). Coloration. Body overall brown to dark brown. Pronotum dark brown. Elytron almost black to dark brown, apex pale yellow. Wing venation dark brown. Immatures and females. Unknown. Biology and distribution. Akamboja tenebrae sp. nov. seems to occur only on spring, although this can be an artifact due to the low number of specimens. It inhabits high altitudinal areas of Andradas, on the Serra da Mantiqueira mountain range, around 1000 m. Remarks. This species resembles Akamboja caparaoensis sp. nov., but can be distinguished mainly due to its smaller size and elytron (the elytron of Akamboja tenebrae sp. nov. reaches the anterior margin of the second abdominal segment, while in Akamboja caparaoensis sp. nov. it reaches the anterior margin of the third), head more sparsely setose behind the eyes (densely setose in Akamboja caparaoensis sp. nov.), bigger vertex (smaller in Akamboja caparaoensis sp. nov.) and its lower altitude occurrence (higher altitude occurrence in Akamboja caparaoensis sp. nov.). Type material. Holotype (male): BRAZIL. Minas Gerais: Andradas. Malaise VI, 22°04’40.3’’S, 46°35’53.7’’W, 1066 m, 1 male, 16.X.2009 (MZSP). Paratypes (all males): BRAZIL. Minas Gerais: Same label as holotype, 3 males (MZSP); Same label as holotype, 3 males (DZRJ).

Akamboja caparaoensis sp. nov. Roza, Quintino, Mermudes & Silveira (Figs 36–40 and 45) Etymology. The name is in reference to the Serra do Caparaó, location of occurrence of the species. Name in apposition. Diagnosis. Pronotum dark brown. Eyes occupying half of head width, in lateral view (Fig. 38). Vertex occupying ½ of head in dorsal view (Fig. 40). Apical maxillary palpomere 3.5x longer than subapical (Fig. 38). Elytron reaching the anterior margin of the third abdominal segment (Fig. 36). Description, male. Measurements (n=1): Total length: 4.7 mm. Head length: 0.65 mm. Head width: 0.61 mm. Pronotum length: 0.63 mm. Pronotum maximum width: 0.6 mm. Elytron length: 1.7 mm. Elytron maximum width: 0.4 mm. Elytral spot length: 0.3 mm. Morphology: Eyes occupying half of head width, in lateral view (Fig. 38). Lateral region of the head sparsely setose posterior to eyes (Fig. 39). Vertex occupying ½ of head in dorsal view (Fig. 40). Apical maxillary palpomere 3.5x longer than subapical (Fig. 38). Head longer than wide. Elytron 4x longer than wide (Fig. 36), Elytron reaching the anterior margin of the third abdominal segment (Fig. 36), apical spot occupying a fifth of the elytron (Fig. 36). Coloration. Body overall dark brown. Pronotum dark brown. Elytron dark brown, apex pale yellow. Wing venation black. Immatures and females. Unknown Biology and distribution. Akamboja caparaoensis sp. nov. seems to occur only on summer, although this can be an artifact due to the low number of specimens. It inhabits high altitudinal areas of Dores do Rio Preto, on the Serra do Caparaó, in the Serra da Mantiqueira mountain range, around 1500 m. It is found on dense ombrophilous high montane forest. Remarks. This species resembles Akamboja tenebrae sp. nov., but can be distinguished mainly due to its bigger size and elytron (the elytron of Akamboja tenebrae sp. nov. reaches the anterior margin of the second abdominal segment, while in Akamboja caparaoensis sp. nov. it reaches the anterior margin of the third), head more densely setose behind the eyes (sparsely setose in Akamboja caparaoensis sp. nov.), smaller vertex (bigger in Akamboja caparaoensis sp. nov.) and its higher altitude occurrence (lower altitude occurrence in Akamboja tenebrae sp. nov.). Type material. Holotype (male): BRAZIL. Espírito Santo: Dores do Rio Preto. Parque Nacional do Caparaó, afluente do Rio Preto (Laje), 20°29’26,2’’S, 41°49’17,1’’W, 1567m, Malaise, 1 male, 11–15.I.2015, J. L. Nessimian, A. L. H. Oliveira, S. P. Gomes and C. P. Souza col (DZRJ).

Uma lista das espécies de Cerambycidae registradas em Vila Dois Rios (Ilha Grande, Angra dos Reis, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil) é apresentada. O trabalho foi baseado em sete coletas de janeiro a dezembro de 2008, em dados de literatura e na coleção do Museu Nacional, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro. Três subfamílias são registradas e todas as 50 espécies são novos registros para a Ilha Grande. Para cada espécie são fornecidas a informação catalográfica original e recente, distribuição, ilustração e material examinado. Prioninae com três espécies e três gêneros em duas tribos, Mallaspini (Pyrodes) e Macrotomini (Mallodon, Mercosarthron), representa 6% de todas as espécies. Cerambycinae com sete espécies e sete gêneros em cinco tribos - Callichromatini (Callichroma), Cerambycini (Poeciloxestia, Sphallotrichus), Elaphidiini (Ambonus, Eurysthea), Heteropsini (Mallosoma), Hexoplonini (Gnomidolon)- representa 14%. Lamiinae, com 40 espécies em 29 gêneros e dez tribos - Acanthocinini (Alcidion, Lophopoeum, Nealcidion, Nyssodrysina, Nyssodrysilla, Nyssodrysternum, Pentheochaetes, Trichillurges, Tropidozineus, Urgleptes), Acanthoderini (Macronemus, Oreodera, Psapharochrus) Agapanthiini (Hippopsis, Pachypeza), Anisocerini (Onychocerus), Apomecynini (Adetus, Amphicnaeia, Falsischnolea, Rosalba), Colobotheini (Colobothea), Desmiphorini (Estola, Estolomimus), Hemilophini (Malacoscylus), Onciderini (Hesycha, Hypsioma, Ischiocentra, Peritrox) e Pteropliini (Esthlogena) - representa 80% do total de espécies. A survey of the Cerambycidae species recorded in Vila Dois Rios (Ilha Grande, Angra dos Reis, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil) is presented. The work was based on seven collects from January to December 2008, literature data and material housed in the Museu Nacional, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro. Three subfamilies are recognized and all the 50 species are new records for Ilha Grande. Catalographic information, distribution, illustration and examined material are given. Prioninae with three species and three genera in two tribes, Mallaspini (Pyrodes) and Macrotomini (Mallodon, Mercosarthron), it represents 6% of all species. Cerambycinae with seven species and seven genera in five tribes - Callichromatini (Callichroma), Cerambycini (Poeciloxestia, Sphallotrichus), Elaphidiini (Ambonus, Eurysthea), Heteropsini (Mallosoma), Hexoplonini (Gnomidolon)- it represents 14%. Lamiinae, with 40 species in 29 genera and ten tribes - Acanthocinini (Alcidion, Lophopoeum, Nealcidion, Nyssodrysina, Nyssodrysilla, Nyssodrysternum, Pentheochaetes, Trichillurges, Tropidozineus, Urgleptes), Acanthoderini (Macronemus, Oreodera, Psapharochrus) Agapanthiini (Hippopsis, Pachypeza), Anisocerini (Onychocerus), Apomecynini (Adetus, Amphicnaeia, Falsischnolea, Rosalba), Colobotheini (Colobothea), Desmiphorini (Estola, Estolomimus), Hemilophini (Malacoscylus), Onciderini (Hesycha, Hypsioma, Ischiocentra, Peritrox) and Pteropliini (Esthlogena) - it represents about 80% of the total species.

Uma lista das espécies de Cerambycidae registradas em Vila Dois Rios (Ilha Grande, Angra dos Reis, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil) é apresentada. O trabalho foi baseado em sete coletas de janeiro a dezembro de 2008, em dados de literatura e na coleção do Museu Nacional, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro. Três subfamílias são registradas e todas as 50 espécies são novos registros para a Ilha Grande. Para cada espécie são fornecidas a informação catalográfica original e recente, distribuição, ilustração e material examinado. Prioninae com três espécies e três gêneros em duas tribos, Mallaspini (Pyrodes) e Macrotomini (Mallodon, Mercosarthron), representa 6% de todas as espécies. Cerambycinae com sete espécies e sete gêneros em cinco tribos - Callichromatini (Callichroma), Cerambycini (Poeciloxestia, Sphallotrichus), Elaphidiini (Ambonus, Eurysthea), Heteropsini (Mallosoma), Hexoplonini (Gnomidolon)- representa 14%. Lamiinae, com 40 espécies em 29 gêneros e dez tribos - Acanthocinini (Alcidion, Lophopoeum, Nealcidion, Nyssodrysina, Nyssodrysilla, Nyssodrysternum, Pentheochaetes, Trichillurges, Tropidozineus, Urgleptes), Acanthoderini (Macronemus, Oreodera, Psapharochrus) Agapanthiini (Hippopsis, Pachypeza), Anisocerini (Onychocerus), Apomecynini (Adetus, Amphicnaeia, Falsischnolea, Rosalba), Colobotheini (Colobothea), Desmiphorini (Estola, Estolomimus), Hemilophini (Malacoscylus), Onciderini (Hesycha, Hypsioma, Ischiocentra, Peritrox) e Pteropliini (Esthlogena) - representa 80% do total de espécies.

É apresentado um levantamento das espécies de Cerambycinae que ocorrem no Parque Nacional do Itatiaia, Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. Os dados foram baseados na literatura, coletas de campo e no acervo da coleção do Museu Nacional, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro. São registradas 293 espécies de Cerambycinae, que representam cerca de 28% das espécies que ocorrem na Mata Atlântica. Novas ocorrências de distribuição são registradas para 19 espécies. Noventa e nove espécies são ilustradas. É fornecida uma tabela comparativa mostrando o número de gêneros e espécies de Cerambycinae que ocorrem na região Neotropical, na Mata Atlântica e no Parque Nacional do Itatiaia. A survey of the Cerambycinae species recorded in the Parque Nacional do Itatiaia, Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil, is presented. The data were based on literature, field work and in the collection of the Museu Nacional, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro. Two hundred ninety three species of Cerambycinae are registered, and this represents about 28% of the species that occur in the Atlantic Rainforest. Nineteen new distribution records are registered. Ninety nine species are illustrated. A comparative table showing the respective number of genera and species of Cerambycinae that occur in the Neotropical Region, Atlantic Rainforest and Parque Nacional do Itatiaia is given.

Submitted by Boris INFORMAT (boris@uerj.br) on 2021-04-26T01:16:38Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Ivan Enrique Vazquez Jara Dissertacao completa.pdf: 6098090 bytes, checksum: 8f627311a288f94bf4c619277f550dcc (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2021-04-26T01:16:38Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Ivan Enrique Vazquez Jara Dissertacao completa.pdf: 6098090 bytes, checksum: 8f627311a288f94bf4c619277f550dcc (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-02-28 Fundação Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro The neotropical ichthyofauna corresponds to nearly 25% of the total number of fish species in the world. This diversity is mainly due to several endemic taxa in the various watersheds. Within these species a few nominal taxa show a large distribution being known in the Amazon Basin as well as in Paraná-Paraguai Basin. The validity of these species is of great evolutionary importance, in view of the fact that these watersheds have little or no contact since the upper Miocene, approximately 10 million years. The aim of this study is to analyze two complex of neotropical species, belonging to different families (and orders), Potamotrygon motoro and Synbranchus marmoratus, both with distribution in these two important basins. For this study we used both morphological and molecular data. Our purpose is to lead a phylogeographic analysis, to understand the evolution of the groups as well as the evolutionary history of these taxa within the drainages with which they are associated. Our results show that both species complexes represent a group of cryptic species. The species from the Amazon basin are diffrent from those of the Paraná Paraguai Basin. Within the Paraná-Paraguai Basin, the Paraguai River shows more philogetic affinities with the Amazon Basin indicating thus close and more recent relationship. A ictiofauna neotropical corresponde a, aproximadamente, 25% do número total de espécies de peixes no mundo. Essa diversidade se deve, principalmente, ao número de espécies endêmicas presentes nas diversas bacias hidrográficas. Dentro dessas espécies alguns táxons mostram uma ampla distribuição, sendo conhecidos tanto na Bacia Amazônica, como na Bacia Paraná-Paraguai. A validade destas espécies é de grande importância evolutiva, levando em conta o fato de que estas bacias têm pequeno ou nenhum contato desde o Mioceno superior, há aproximadamente 10 milhões de anos. O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar dois complexos de espécies neotropicais, pertencentes a diferentes famílias (e ordens), Potamotrygon motoro e Synbranchus marmoratus, ambas com distribuição nessas duas importantes bacias hidrográficas. Para este estudo, utilizamos tanto dados morfológicos quanto moleculares. Buscamos conduzir uma análise filogeográfica, visando compreender a evolução dos grupos, bem como a história evolutiva desses táxons nas drenagens às quais eles estão associados. Nossos resultados mostram que os complexos de ambas as espécies representam um grupo de espécies crípticas. As espécies da Bacia Amazônica são diferentes daquelas presentes na Bacia Paraná-Paraguai. Dentro da Bacia Paraná-Paraguai, o Rio Paraguai mostra mais afinidades filogenéticas com a Bacia Amazônica, indicando a existência de uma relação mais próxima e recente.

Submitted by Boris INFORMAT (boris@uerj.br) on 2021-04-26T01:12:21Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Giselle Ribeiro de Paula Machado Tese completa.pdf: 21136648 bytes, checksum: d99bae9a612c9909baf9a0a5ff0c54a3 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2021-04-26T01:12:21Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Giselle Ribeiro de Paula Machado Tese completa.pdf: 21136648 bytes, checksum: d99bae9a612c9909baf9a0a5ff0c54a3 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-03-03 Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior Ionoscopiformes is an actinopterigian fossil fish order with wide temporal and geographic distribution, known from the Middle Triassic to the Upper Cretaceous, in Europe, Africa, Asia, and North and South America. Ionoscopiformes is composed of two families, Ophiopsidae and Ionoscopidae, which present various species, some of them with a poorly known anatomy. Although Ionoscopiformres is considered a monophyletic group, the species of Ophiopsidae and Ionoscopidae differ on various characters, including the type of scales and the pattern of ornamentation on the dermic bones. Ionoscopiformes is placed into the clade Halecomorphi, which is represented by three orders (Amiiformes, Parasemionontiformes, and Ionoscopiformes) and several incertae sedis taxa (e.g., Heterolepidotus, Osteorachis, and Neorhombolepis). Halecomorphi is considered to be closer to Ginglymodi than to Teleostei, forming with the former the clade Holostei. Some of these incertae sedis taxa were previously related to Ionoscopiformes, especially to the family Ophiopsidae. Several questions concearning the composition of Ophiopsidae and related taxa have been recently reported in literature, such as, the position of the genera Placidichthys, Heterolepidotus, and Furo. The genus Heterolepidotus was previously suggested as Ophiopsidae and as a taxon with a basal position to this family, but also as belonging to the family Caturidae. Placidichthys was recently proposed as a Macrosemiiformes and Furo muensteri as an Ophiopsidae. Given the need for greater knowledge on the species of Ionoscopiformes and related incertae sedis taxa, the present work presents a anatomical review of these taxa and phylogenetic hiposteses on the position of them within Neopterygii. Considering the anatomical and phylogenetic review, herein are proposed several taxonomical sugestions. The genera Ionoscopus, Ophiopsis, and Heterolepidotus were redefined and its nominal species were diagnosed. Were suggested as valid: four species of the genus Ionoscopus (I. pietraroiea, I. desori, I. cyprinoides, and I. elongatus), six of Ophiopsis (O. procera, O. breviceps, O. dorsalis, O. lepersonnei, O. montsechensis, and O. lepturus), and only two of Heterolepidotus (H. rhombifer and H. serrulatus). Were also suggested some cases of synonymy, reversals, nomen nudum, and nomen dubium. The phylogenetic hypotheses presented here did not recoreved Ionoscopiformes as a monophyletic clade. However, the families Ionoscopidae and Ophiopsidae were confirmed as Halecomorphi and it was also suggested a closer relationship between Ionocopidae and Amiiformes, while Ophiopsidae appears to be more closely related to Furo and Heterolepidotus. The internal relationships of both Ionoscopidae and Ophiopsidae were not resolved, however Placidichthys was recovered within the family Ophiopsidae. The non monophyletism of Ionoscopiformes and the absence of resolution concearning the taxa closely related to Ophiopsidae, reinforce the need of reviewing other Halecomorphy taxa, such as Caturidae, and also the necessity of searching for new characters, such as those from histology, in order to improve the data matrix to achieve better supported phylogenetc analyses of these clades. Ionoscopiformes é um ordem de peixes fósseis actinopterígios de ampla distribuição espaço-temporal, conhecido do Triássico Médio ao Cretáceo Superior, na Europa, África, Ásia, Américas do Norte e do Sul. Ionoscopiformes é composta por duas famílias, Ophiopsidae e Ionoscopidae, as quais apresentam várias espécies, algumas, pouco conhecidas anatomicamente. Embora, atualmente, a ordem Ionoscopiformes seja considerada monofilética, os representantes de Ophiopsidae e Ionoscopidae diferem entre si em diversas características anatômicas, inclusive quanto ao tipo de escama e ao padrão de ornamentação dérmica dos ossos. Ionoscopiformes está posicionada no clado Halecomorphi, o qual é representado por três ordens (Amiiformes, Parasemionontiformes e Ionoscopiformes) e diversos táxons incertae sedis (e.g., Heterolepidotus, Osteorachis e Neorhombolepis), estando mais próximo de Ginglymodi do que de Teleostei, formando com o primeiro o clado Holostei. Alguns desses táxons incertae sedis já foram relacionados à Ionoscopiformes, principalmente à família Ophiopsidae. Vários pontos relativos à composição de Ophiopsidae e táxons relacionados veem sendo recentemente abordados na literatura, como por exemplo, o posicionamento dos gêneros Placidichthys, Heterolepidotus e Furo. O gênero Heterolepidotus já foi sugerido como Ophiopsidae, como táxon basal à esta família, mas também como pertencente à família Caturidae. Placidichthys foi recentemente sugerido como Macrosemiiformes e Furo muensteri como Ophiopsidae. Visto a necessidade de maior conhecimento acerca de espécies de Ionoscopiformes e de táxons incertae sedis a ela relacionados, o presente trabalho apresenta uma revisão anatômica dos mesmos, além da investigação do posicionamento desta ordem e destes táxons incertae sedis no interior de Neopterygii. A partir das revisões anatômicas e filogenéticas realizadas, diversas sugestões taxonômicas foram apresentadas. Os gêneros Ionoscopus, Ophiopsis e Heterolepidotus foram redefinidos e suas espécies nominais foram diagnosticadas. Foram sugeridas como válidas: quatro espécies nominais para Ionoscopus (I. pietraroiea, I. desori, I. cyprinoides e I. elongatus), seis para Ophiopsis (O. procera, O. breviceps, O. dorsalis, O. lepersonnei, O. montsechensis e O. lepturus) e somente duas para Heterolepidotus (H. rhombifer e H. serrulatus). Para estes gêneros ainda foram sugeridas algumas sinonímias, reversões, nomen nudum e nomen dubium. As hipóteses filogenéticas apresentadas, não indicaram o clado Ionoscopiformes como monofilético. Todavia, as famílias Ionoscopidae e Ophiopsidae foram confirmadas como Halecomorphi, sendo sugerido um posicionamento mais próximo entre Amiiformes e a família Ionocopidae, enquanto Ophiopsidae estaria mais intimamente relacionada à Furo e à Heterolepidotus. As relações internas tanto de Ionoscopidae quanto de Ophiopsidae não se mostraram resolvidas, contudo foi recuperado o posicionamento de Placidichthys no interior de Ophiopsidae. Indicação do não monofiletismo de Ionoscopiformes e a não resolução das relações dos grupos próximos à Ophiopsidae, reforçam a necessidade de revisões de outros táxons de Halecomorphi, como por exemplo, a família Caturidae e ainda a necessidade da busca de novos caracteres, como por exemplo, os histológicos, para aprimorar a matriz de caracteres visando alcançar relações filogenéticas mais bem suportadas.

Submitted by Boris INFORMAT (boris@uerj.br) on 2021-04-26T01:12:08Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Ingrid Mattos Tese completa.pdf: 6350201 bytes, checksum: 9d2e656ab850b9d0116e6a0d387d04b6 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2021-04-26T01:12:08Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Ingrid Mattos Tese completa.pdf: 6350201 bytes, checksum: 9d2e656ab850b9d0116e6a0d387d04b6 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-03-02 Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior An integrative approach to the study Passalidae family with aspects of systematic, molecular association, bioacoustics, richness and endemism patterns is present. The study of Passalidae fauna to the Atlantic Forest biome in the Conservation Units in Southeastern Brazil provided an updated list and key to species of Passalidae, with new records and distribution data for Brazil and South America. The taxonomy of Passalidae larvae to Brazil involved the reinterpretation of the character mouthparts metathoracic leg and anal ring to larvae of 28 species. The description of larvae to six species are given together the generic diagnosis of all genera of Brazil. Aiming to help identify the larvae, comparative analysis of sequences of mitochondrial DNA of cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) and provide for the first time the intra and interespecific distances. We also present the bioacoustics characterization of adults of 17 species of Passalidae genus. For the first time the acoustic parameters of frequency, amplitude interval between pulses, pulse duration and number of pulses are provided to the acoustic signal of disturb for the adults and comparatively evaluated. Finally, we evaluated the historical inventory by more than two thousand records that promoted understanding of the richness and endemism patterns of Passalidae species in regions, biomes and biogeographical provinces of Brazil. Apresenta-se uma abordagem integrativa no estudo da família Passalidae com aspectos de sistemática, associação molecular, bioacústica e padrões de riqueza e endemismo. O estudo detalhado da fauna de Passalidae para o Bioma Mata Atlântica nas Unidades de Conservação na região Sudeste do Brasil forneceu lista atualizada e chave para identificação das espécies, com novos registros e dados de distribuição para o Brasil e América do Sul. O estado da taxonomia larval de Passalidae para o Brasil envolveu a reinterpretação de novos caracteres das peças bucais, perna metatorácica e anel anal para 28 larvas previamente descritas. A descrição da larva para seis espécies e a diagnose de todos os gêneros também são apresentados. Com o objetivo de auxiliar a identificação das larvas, analisamos comparativamente sequências do DNA mitocondrial da subunidade I da citocromo oxidase (COI) com avaliação das distâncias intra e interespecíficas. Fornecemos a caracterização bioacústica dos adultos de 17 espécies dos gêneros de Passalidae. Pela primeira vez, os parâmetros acústicos de frequência, amplitude, intervalo entre pulsos, duração do pulso e número de pulsos são fornecidos para o sinal acústico de distúrbio dos adultos avaliados comparativamente. Por fim, através de um inventário histórico mais de dois mil registros promoveram o entendimento da riqueza e endemismo das espécies de Passalidae nas regiões, biomas e as províncias biogeográficas do Brasil.

Submitted by Boris INFORMAT (boris@uerj.br) on 2021-04-26T01:15:18Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Ingrid Mattos Dissertacao Completa.pdf: 4434522 bytes, checksum: b5d1f6bcff78186fdc8bd37a1aa40499 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2021-04-26T01:15:18Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Ingrid Mattos Dissertacao Completa.pdf: 4434522 bytes, checksum: b5d1f6bcff78186fdc8bd37a1aa40499 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-02-25 Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior The sexual dimorphism exhibited by polyphenic males in some species of the Ptychoderes involves variation in rostrum, antennae and ventrites. The existence of polyphenism should be an important component in the evolutionary process via morphological and behavior novelties. The goal of this study was to determine the variation of monomorphic traits, polyphenism in males, variation of structures with known sexual dimorphism, possible allometric patterns and to test these predictions for Ptychoderes by mapping both male and sexual dimorphism in a phylogenetic reconstruction of the genus Ptychoderes using Mesquite 2.04. Twenty-three morphometric variables were measured in 510 specimens with the following analyses performed: Cluster analysis; Principal Component Analysis (PCA); Canonical Variance Analysis (CVA), analysis of regression of Reduced Major Axis (RMA). Each type of dimorphism was mapped on the previous phylogeny as a separate two-state using parsimony. For all species the sexual dimorphism provided significant differences between the sexes for antennal segments (II-X). The length of rostrum and ventrite V were confirmed as indication of sexual dimorphism (except P. jordani). The unique species without polyphenics males was P. depressus. The others species major and minor males differed significantly for many variables with similarities and differences. In the PCA, the first component (PC1) had a high percentage of the variance in the data for all species; present loadings of the same signal suggesting differences related to the size of the species P. jordani, P. depressus, P. virgatus, P. mixtus and P. callosus and for the species P. viridanus, P. antiquus, P. elongates and P. nebulosus the PC1 presented positive and negative loadings suggesting differences related to the shape (allometry). The PC2 showed both positive and negative loadings for all species, a probable allometric component. The CVA confirmed the groups: major males, minor males and female, when they occurred. We found different allometric patterns for all species, with similarities and differences between species. All these results confirm the hypothesis the polyphenism in males and sexual dimorphism for Ptychoderes. The analyses of allometric patterns for sexual dimorphism results positive allometry for rostral length (RL1) in males and females, with ventrites only for males. The positive allometric patterns related with polyphenism in the antennae were confirmed for larges and small males in almost all species, except in P. nebulosus. The ancestor of the clades in the Ptychoderes phylogeny was predicted to have polyphenic males (except P. depressus) with variables in the rostrum, antennae and ventrites indicative of the sexual dimorphism with positive allometry. These patterns should be linkage to the protection behavior of the female performed by large males during oviposition. O dimorfismo sexual exibido por machos polifênicos em algumas espécies do gênero Ptychoderes envolve variação no rostro, antena e ventritos. A existência de polifenismo pode ser um importante componente no processo evolutivo por meio de novidades morfológicas e comportamentais. O objetivo desse estudo foi determinar a variação em caracteres morfométricos, polifenismo em machos, variação de estruturas com conhecido dimorfismo sexual, possíveis padrões alométricos e testar estas inferências para Ptychoderes através do mapeamento do dimorfismo sexual e de machos em uma reconstrução filogenética de Ptychoderes usando Mesquite 2.04. Foram medidas 23 variáveis morfométricas em 510 espécimes com as seguintes análises realizadas: análises de cluster, analises de componentes principais (PCA), analise de variáveis canônicas (AVC), análise de regressão por eixo maior reduzido (RMA). Cada tipo de dimorfismo foi mapeado em uma filogenia prévia como dois estados separados usando parcimônia. Para todas as espécies o dimorfismo sexual apresentou diferenças significativas entre os sexos com relação aos segmentos antenais (II- X).O compriemtno do rosto e ventrito V foram confirmados como indicativos de dimorfismo sexual (exceto em P. jordani). A única espécie em que não ocorreu machos polifenicos foi P. depressus. Nas outras espécies machos grandes e pequenos diferem significantemente para muitas variáveis com similaridades e diferenças. Na ACP, o primeiro componente (PC1) apresentou alta porcentagem de variância nos dados de todas as espécies; apresentou loadings de mesmo sinal sugerindo diferenças relacionadas ao tamanho para as espécies P. jordani, P. depressus, P. virgatus, P. mixtus e P. callosus e para as espécies P. viridanus, P. antiquus, P. elongates e P. nebulosus apresentou loadings positivos e negativos sugerindo diferenças relacionadas a forma (alometria). O PC2 apresentou loadings positivos e negativos para todas as espécies, um provável componente alométricos. A AVC confirmou os grupos: machos grandes, machos pequenos e fêmeas quando estes ocorreram. Nós encontramos diferentes padrões alométricos para todas as espécies com diferenças e semelhanças entre as espécies. Todos esses resultados confirmam a hipótese de polifenismo em machos e dimorfismo sexual para Ptychhoderes. A análise dos padrões alométricos para o dimorfismo sexual revelou alometria positiva para o comprimento do rostro (CR1) em machos e fêmeas, com os ventritos apenas em machos. Padrões alométricos positivos relacionados ao polifenismo nos antenômeros foram confirmados para os machos grandes e pequenos de quase todas as espécies exceto em P. nebulosus. O ancestral de clados na filogenia de Ptychoderes foi inferido para machos polifênicos (exceto P. depressus) com variáveis no rostro, antenas e ventritos indicativas de dimorfismo sexual com alometria positiva. Estes padrões poderiam estar ligados com o comportamento de proteção das fêemeas realizados por machos grandes durante a oviposição.

Submitted by Boris INFORMAT (boris@uerj.br) on 2021-04-26T01:15:07Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Camila David Cupelo Dissertacao parcial.pdf: 1067244 bytes, checksum: 893e2860e65c7a6489cd0d07b67bcd55 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2021-04-26T01:15:07Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Camila David Cupelo Dissertacao parcial.pdf: 1067244 bytes, checksum: 893e2860e65c7a6489cd0d07b67bcd55 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-02-25 Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico The Araripe Basin is one of the richest fossiliferous localities in the world and represents some of the main stages of tectonic evolution related to the process of the opening of the South Atlantic. This basin is subdivided into two distinct stratigraphic packages: the Cariri Group (constituted by Cariri, Missão Velha and Rio Batateiras formations) and the Araripe Group (composed by the Crato, Ipubi, Santana and Exú formations). The Missão Velha Formation is the only one in the Vale do Cariri Group that presents vertebrate fossil records as, for example, disarticulated remains of fossil fishes. The present work consists on the: identification, preparation and description of the specimens collected in the Missão Velha Formation; comparisons of the paleoichthyofauna of this formation with other basins of the same age; analysis of the paleobiogeographic distribution of the groups present on Missão Velha Formation. Although disarticulated, we can identify the presence of six fish taxa (including teeth, cephalic spines and finspines of Hybodontiformes; scales, teeth and fragmented bones of Lepidotes; scales of Pleuropholidae, several disarticulated bones of Mawsonia cf. gigas; tooth plates and other disarticulated bones of Ceratodus) as well as fragments of at least three more teleost taxa. This fauna is very important because it represents a continental and lacustrine biota, tipical to the Neocomian of Brazil, deposited during the pre-rift/rift stages of the breakup of western Gondwana. During these stages we can observe a stratigraphic correlation between the Missão Velha Formation and the marginal basins of Western Africa. Therefore, the biota present in Missão Velha Formation contributes to understand the diversity present in pre-rift and rift stages in Brazil and Africa. A Bacia sedimentar do Araripe é uma das mais ricas localidades fossilíferas do mundo e representa algumas das principais fases da evolução tectônica ligadas ao processo de abertura do Atlântico Sul. Essa bacia se subdivide em dois pacotes estratigráficos distintos: o Grupo Cariri (constituído pelas formações Cariri, Missão Velha e Rio Batateiras) e o Grupo Araripe (constituído pelas formações Crato, Ipubi, Santana e Exu). No caso do Grupo Cariri, apenas a Formação Missão Velha (= Brejo Santo para alguns autores) apresenta restos de peixes fósseis. Essa fauna, típica da fase rift da separação da parte oeste do Gondwana, pode ser comparada à ictiofauna já descrita no Grupo Bahia e à fauna encontrada em diversas bacias interiores do Nordeste do Brasil. O presente trabalho constou da realização de coletas na Formação Missão Velha, identificação, preparação e descrição dos espécimes coletados; comparação da paleoictiofauna dessa formação com a de outras bacias de mesma idade; análise da distribuição paleobiogeográfica dos grupos ali presentes. Apesar de desarticulados, foram identificados seis táxons de peixes , assim como fragmentos de teleósteos não identificados. Os táxons identificados a partir do material coletado são: dentes, espinhos cefálicos e espinhos de nadadeira dorsal de Hybodontiformes; escamas, dentes e ossos desarticulados de Lepidotes sp.; escamas de Pleuropholidae; diversos ossos desarticulados de Mawsonia cf. gigas; placa dentária e outros ossos isolados de Ceratodus sp. Essa fauna é muito importante, pois representa uma biota lacustrina do Neocomiano do Brasil, depositada durante os estágios pré-rift/rift da separação do oeste do Gondwana. Durante a fase pré-rift e rift pode ser observada uma correlação estratigráfica entre a Formação Missão Velha e as bacias marginais da África ocidental. Portanto, a biota presente na Formação Missão Velha auxilia a compreensão da diversidade faunística presente nos estágios pré-rift e rift do Brasil e da África.

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior The Mata do Paraiso , an Atlantic Forest reserve, is located at the coordinates 20°48 07 S e 42°51 31 W, in the municipal district of Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil. The objectives of this work were to inventory Cerambycidae species, to elaborate illustrated keys for subfamilies, tribes and species and to determine the influence of the climatic factors on longhorned beetles seasonality of the Mata do Paraiso . In the sampling light trap, beating, entomological net, hand-picking and bait traps were used. To study diversity all species collected with all techniques were considered. To study the influence of the climatic factors only the sampled species with light trap since October of 1986 to March of 2007 were analyzed. A total of 440 long-horned beetles, represented by 140 species, 107 genera, 36 tribes and five subfamilies were collected. The values of species and tribes richness were high compared with other inventories. Twelve species were new records for Minas Gerais State. This information contributes to extend the distribution of these species and also determines a possible relation of them with the Mata Atlântica vegetation. Fourteen species were identified only to genera level and two to tribe level; these species are probably new for the science. Twenty nine keys were elaborated facilitating the identification of the individuals to species level. The temperature and the precipitation influenced positively the richness and abundance of long-horned beetles of the Mata do Paraiso . Cerambycidae diversity decreases in the dry season and increases in the rainy season. This work constitutes a basic guide to identify the longhorned beetles of the Mata do Paraiso and similar ecosystems. A Mata do Paraíso, uma reserva de Mata Atlântica, está localizada no ponto de coordenadas 20°48 07 S e 42° 1 31 W, no município de Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brasil. Os objetivos deste trabalho foram inventariar as espécies de Cerambycidae, elaborar chaves taxonômicas ilustradas para a identificação de subfamílias, tribos e espécies e determinar a influência dos fatores climáticos na sazonalidade dos cerambicídeos da Mata do Paraíso. Na amostragem foram usadas as técnicas da armadilha luminosa, guardachuva entomológico, rede entomológica, coleta manual e armadilhas com iscas. Para o estudo da diversidade foram consideradas as espécies coletadas com todas as técnicas. No estudo da influência dos fatores climáticos foram analisadas somente as espécies amostradas com armadilha luminosa desde outubro de 1986 a março de 2007. Foram coletados 440 cerambicídeos, representados por 140 espécies, 107 gêneros, 37 tribos e cinco subfamílias. Os valores de espécies e de tribos são altos comparados com outros inventários. Doze espécies são novos registros para o Estado de Minas Gerais. Esta informação contribui na ampliação da distribuição biogeográfica destas espécies e também na possível relação delas com o bioma de Mata Atlântica. Foram identificadas quatorze espécies até nível de gênero e duas só até nível de tribo; provavelmente estas espécies são novas para a ciência. Foram elaboradas 29 chaves taxonômicas possibilitando a identificação dos exemplares até nível de espécie. A temperatura média mensal e a precipitação média mensal influíram positivamente na riqueza e abundância de Cerambycidae da Mata do Paraíso. A riqueza e abundância de Cerambycidae decrescem na estação seca e aumentam na estação de chuva. Este trabalho constitui-se numa referência para a identificação dos Cerambycidae para a EPTEAMP e ecossistemas com características semelhantes.