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118 results on '"Merino‐Martín, Luis"'

1. Drivers of soil biophysical processes along an elevational gradient at Pico de Orizaba volcano, Mexico

Author

Angeles, Guillermo, Álvarez-Jiménez, Marycruz, Anthelme, Fabien, Barois, Isabelle, Chaparro Carrillo, José Luis, Cruz-Maldonado, Nereyda, Decaens, Thibaud, de los Santos-Bailón, Martín, Fourtier, Stéphane, García-Gutiérrez, Emmanuel, García-Segura, David, Gómez-Aguilar, Rodrigo, Gómez-Anaya, Antonio, Hernández, Eduardo, Hernández-Cáceres, Daniel, Jiménez, Leonor, Marín-Castro, Beatriz E., Merino-Martín, Luis, Morales-Martínez, Marco A., Monfil-León, Edwin U., Palestina, René A., Pimentel-Reyes, Carlos, Reyes, Ricardo Quiroz, Reverchon, Frédérique, Rey, Hervé, Roumet, Catherine, Siebe-Grabach, Christina D., Sieron, Katrin, Vázques Reyes, Víctor, Weemstra, Monique, and Stokes, Alexia

Published
2023
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4. Climate change increases threat to plant diversity in tropical forests of Central America and southern Mexico

Author

Ortega, Miguel A., primary, Cayuela, Luis, additional, Griffith, Daniel M., additional, Camacho, Angélica, additional, Coronado, Indiana M., additional, del Castillo, Rafael F., additional, Figueroa-Rangel, Blanca L., additional, Fonseca, William, additional, Garibaldi, Cristina, additional, Kelly, Daniel L., additional, Letcher, Susan G., additional, Meave, Jorge A., additional, Merino-Martín, Luis, additional, Meza, Víctor H., additional, Ochoa-Gaona, Susana, additional, Olvera-Vargas, Miguel, additional, Ramírez-Marcial, Neptalí, additional, Tun-Dzul, Fernando J., additional, Valdez-Hernández, Mirna, additional, Velázquez, Eduardo, additional, White, David A., additional, Williams-Linera, Guadalupe, additional, Zahawi, Rakan A., additional, and Muñoz, Jesús, additional

Published
2024
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8. Drivers of seedling establishment success in dryland restoration efforts

Author

Shackelford, Nancy, Paterno, Gustavo B., Winkler, Daniel E., Erickson, Todd E., Leger, Elizabeth A., Svejcar, Lauren N., Breed, Martin F., Faist, Akasha M., Harrison, Peter A., Curran, Michael F., Guo, Qinfeng, Kirmer, Anita, Law, Darin J., Mganga, Kevin Z., Munson, Seth M., Porensky, Lauren M., Quiroga, R. Emiliano, Török, Péter, Wainwright, Claire E., Abdullahi, Ali, Bahm, Matt A., Ballenger, Elizabeth A., Barger, Nichole, Baughman, Owen W., Becker, Carina, Lucas-Borja, Manuel Esteban, Boyd, Chad S., Burton, Carla M., Burton, Philip J., Calleja, Eman, Carrick, Peter J., Caruana, Alex, Clements, Charlie D., Davies, Kirk W., Deák, Balázs, Drake, Jessica, Dullau, Sandra, Eldridge, Joshua, Espeland, Erin, Farrell, Hannah L., Fick, Stephen E., Garbowski, Magda, de la Riva, Enrique G., Golos, Peter J., Grey, Penelope A., Heydenrych, Barry, Holmes, Patricia M., James, Jeremy J., Jonas-Bratten, Jayne, Kiss, Réka, Kramer, Andrea T., Larson, Julie E., Lorite, Juan, Mayence, C. Ellery, Merino-Martín, Luis, Miglécz, Tamás, Milton, Suanne Jane, Monaco, Thomas A., Montalvo, Arlee M., Navarro-Cano, Jose A., Paschke, Mark W., Peri, Pablo Luis, Pokorny, Monica L., Rinella, Matthew J., Saayman, Nelmarie, Schantz, Merilynn C., Parkhurst, Tina, Seabloom, Eric W., Stuble, Katharine L., Uselman, Shauna M., Valkó, Orsolya, Veblen, Kari, Wilson, Scott, Wong, Megan, Xu, Zhiwei, and Suding, Katharine L.

Published
2021
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9. Shifts in soil and plant functional diversity along an altitudinal gradient in the French Alps

Author

Stokes, Alexia, Angeles, Guillermo, Anthelme, Fabien, Aranda-Delgado, Eduardo, Barois, Isabelle, Bounous, Manon, Cruz-Maldonado, Nereyda, Decaëns, Thibaud, Fourtier, Stéphane, Freschet, Grégoire T., Gabriac, Quentin, Hernández-Cáceres, Daniel, Jiménez, Leonor, Ma, Jing, Mao, Zhun, Marín-Castro, Beatriz Eugenia, Merino-Martín, Luis, Mohamed, Awaz, Piedallu, Christian, Pimentel-Reyes, Carlos, Reijnen, Hans, Reverchon, Frédérique, Rey, Hervé, Selli, Lavinia, Siebe-Grabach, Christina Desireé, Sieron, Katrin, Weemstra, Monique, and Roumet, Catherine

Published
2021
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11. Author Correction: Drivers of seedling establishment success in dryland restoration efforts

Author

Shackelford, Nancy, Paterno, Gustavo B., Winkler, Daniel E., Erickson, Todd E., Leger, Elizabeth A., Svejcar, Lauren N., Breed, Martin F., Faist, Akasha M., Harrison, Peter A., Curran, Michael F., Guo, Qinfeng, Kirmer, Anita, Law, Darin J., Mganga, Kevin Z., Munson, Seth M., Porensky, Lauren M., Quiroga, R. Emiliano, Török, Péter, Wainwright, Claire E., Abdullahi, Ali, Bahm, Matt A., Ballenger, Elizabeth A., Barger, Nichole, Baughman, Owen W., Becker, Carina, Lucas-Borja, Manuel Esteban, Boyd, Chad S., Burton, Carla M., Burton, Philip J., Calleja, Eman, Carrick, Peter J., Caruana, Alex, Clements, Charlie D., Davies, Kirk W., Deák, Balázs, Drake, Jessica, Dullau, Sandra, Eldridge, Joshua, Espeland, Erin, Farrell, Hannah L., Fick, Stephen E., Garbowski, Magda, de la Riva, Enrique G., Golos, Peter J., Grey, Penelope A., Heydenrych, Barry, Holmes, Patricia M., James, Jeremy J., Jonas-Bratten, Jayne, Kiss, Réka, Kramer, Andrea T., Larson, Julie E., Lorite, Juan, Mayence, C. Ellery, Merino-Martín, Luis, Miglécz, Tamás, Milton, Suanne Jane, Monaco, Thomas A., Montalvo, Arlee M., Navarro-Cano, Jose A., Paschke, Mark W., Peri, Pablo Luis, Pokorny, Monica L., Rinella, Matthew J., Saayman, Nelmarie, Schantz, Merilynn C., Parkhurst, Tina, Seabloom, Eric W., Stuble, Katharine L., Uselman, Shauna M., Valkó, Orsolya, Veblen, Kari, Wilson, Scott, Wong, Megan, Xu, Zhiwei, and Suding, Katharine L.

Published
2021
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16. Intra‐ and inter‐specific variation in root mechanical traits for twelve herbaceous plants and their link with the root economics space

Author

Mao, Zhun, primary, Roumet, Catherine, additional, Rossi, Lorenzo M. W., additional, Merino‐Martín, Luis, additional, Nespoulous, Jérôme, additional, Taugourdeau, Olivier, additional, Boukcim, Hassan, additional, Fourtier, Stéphane, additional, Del Rey‐Granado, Maria, additional, Ramel, Merlin, additional, Ji, Kang, additional, Zuo, Juan, additional, Fromin, Nathalie, additional, Stokes, Alexia, additional, and Fort, Florian, additional

Published
2022
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18. Drivers of seedling establishment success in dryland restoration efforts

Author

Shackelford, Nancy [0000-0003-4817-0423], Paterno, Gustavo B. [0000-0001-9719-3037], Breed, Martin F. [0000-0001-7810-9696], Harrison, Peter A. [0000-0002-3502-0242], Guo, Qinfeng [0000-0002-4375-4916], Kirmer, Anita [0000-0002-2396-713X], Munson, Seth M. [0000-0002-2736-6374], Török, Péter [0000-0002-4428-3327], Becker, Carina [0000-0003-4567-5127], Burton, Philip J. [0000-0002-5956-2716], Caruana, Alex [0000-0002-7604-4574], Deák, Balázs [0000-0001-6938-1997], Dullau, Sandra [0000-0003-3167-799X], Golos, Peter J. [0000-0003-3588-7011], Holmes, Patricia M. [0000-0003-0794-9713], Jonas-Bratten, Jayne [0000-0002-1716-7195], Lorite, Juan [0000-0003-4617-8069], Merino-Martín, Luis [0000-0002-0343-0546], Milton, Suanne Jane [0000-0003-4390-6040], Seabloom, Eric W. [0000-0001-6780-9259], Valkó, Orsolya [0000-0001-7919-6293], Veblen, Kari [0000-0001-7523-3368], Xu, Zhiwei [0000-0002-8630-1204], Suding, Katharine L. [0000-0002-5357-0176], Quiroga, R Emiliano [0000-0001-9785-451X], Shackelford, Nancy, Paterno, Gustavo B., Winkler, Daniel E., Erickson, Todd E., Leger, Elizabeth A., Svejcar, Lauren N., Breed, Martin F., Faist, Akasha M., Harrison, Peter A., Curran, Michael F., Guo, Qinfeng, Kirmer, Anita, Law, Darin J., Mganga, Kevin Z., Munson, Seth M., Porensky, Lauren M., Quiroga, R Emiliano, Török, Péter, Wainwright, Claire E., Abdullahi, Ali, Bahm, Matt A., Ballenger, Elizabeth A., Barger, Nichole, Baughman, Owen W., Becker, Carina, Lucas-Borja, M. E., Boyd, Chad S., Burton, Carla M., Burton, Philip J., Calleja, Eman, Carrick, Peter J., Caruana, Alex, Clements, Charlie D., Davies, Kirk W., Deák, Balázs, Drake, Jessica, Dullau, Sandra, Eldridge, Joshua, Espeland, Erin, Farrell, Hannah L., Fick, Stephen E., Garbowski, Magda, De la Riva, Enrique G., Golos, Peter J., Grey, Penelope A., Heydenrych, Barry, Holmes, Patricia M., James, Jeremy J., Jonas-Bratten, Jayne, Kiss, Réka, Kramer, Andrea T., Larson, Julie E., Lorite, Juan, Mayence, C.Ellery, Merino-Martín, Luis, Miglécz, Tamás, Milton, Suanne Jane, Monaco, Thomas A., Montalvo, Arlee M., Navarro-Cano, J. A., Paschke, Mark W., Peri, Pablo L., Pokorny, Monica L., Rinella, Matthew J., Saayman, Nelmarie, Schantz, Merilynn C., Parkhurst, Tina, Seabloom, Eric W., Stuble, Katharine L., Uselman, Shauna M., Valkó, Orsolya, Veblen, Kari, Wilson, Scott, Wong, Megan, Xu, Zhiwei, Suding, Katharine L., Shackelford, Nancy [0000-0003-4817-0423], Paterno, Gustavo B. [0000-0001-9719-3037], Breed, Martin F. [0000-0001-7810-9696], Harrison, Peter A. [0000-0002-3502-0242], Guo, Qinfeng [0000-0002-4375-4916], Kirmer, Anita [0000-0002-2396-713X], Munson, Seth M. [0000-0002-2736-6374], Török, Péter [0000-0002-4428-3327], Becker, Carina [0000-0003-4567-5127], Burton, Philip J. [0000-0002-5956-2716], Caruana, Alex [0000-0002-7604-4574], Deák, Balázs [0000-0001-6938-1997], Dullau, Sandra [0000-0003-3167-799X], Golos, Peter J. [0000-0003-3588-7011], Holmes, Patricia M. [0000-0003-0794-9713], Jonas-Bratten, Jayne [0000-0002-1716-7195], Lorite, Juan [0000-0003-4617-8069], Merino-Martín, Luis [0000-0002-0343-0546], Milton, Suanne Jane [0000-0003-4390-6040], Seabloom, Eric W. [0000-0001-6780-9259], Valkó, Orsolya [0000-0001-7919-6293], Veblen, Kari [0000-0001-7523-3368], Xu, Zhiwei [0000-0002-8630-1204], Suding, Katharine L. [0000-0002-5357-0176], Quiroga, R Emiliano [0000-0001-9785-451X], Shackelford, Nancy, Paterno, Gustavo B., Winkler, Daniel E., Erickson, Todd E., Leger, Elizabeth A., Svejcar, Lauren N., Breed, Martin F., Faist, Akasha M., Harrison, Peter A., Curran, Michael F., Guo, Qinfeng, Kirmer, Anita, Law, Darin J., Mganga, Kevin Z., Munson, Seth M., Porensky, Lauren M., Quiroga, R Emiliano, Török, Péter, Wainwright, Claire E., Abdullahi, Ali, Bahm, Matt A., Ballenger, Elizabeth A., Barger, Nichole, Baughman, Owen W., Becker, Carina, Lucas-Borja, M. E., Boyd, Chad S., Burton, Carla M., Burton, Philip J., Calleja, Eman, Carrick, Peter J., Caruana, Alex, Clements, Charlie D., Davies, Kirk W., Deák, Balázs, Drake, Jessica, Dullau, Sandra, Eldridge, Joshua, Espeland, Erin, Farrell, Hannah L., Fick, Stephen E., Garbowski, Magda, De la Riva, Enrique G., Golos, Peter J., Grey, Penelope A., Heydenrych, Barry, Holmes, Patricia M., James, Jeremy J., Jonas-Bratten, Jayne, Kiss, Réka, Kramer, Andrea T., Larson, Julie E., Lorite, Juan, Mayence, C.Ellery, Merino-Martín, Luis, Miglécz, Tamás, Milton, Suanne Jane, Monaco, Thomas A., Montalvo, Arlee M., Navarro-Cano, J. A., Paschke, Mark W., Peri, Pablo L., Pokorny, Monica L., Rinella, Matthew J., Saayman, Nelmarie, Schantz, Merilynn C., Parkhurst, Tina, Seabloom, Eric W., Stuble, Katharine L., Uselman, Shauna M., Valkó, Orsolya, Veblen, Kari, Wilson, Scott, Wong, Megan, Xu, Zhiwei, and Suding, Katharine L.

Abstract

Restoration of degraded drylands is urgently needed to mitigate climate change, reverse desertification and secure livelihoods for the two billion people who live in these areas. Bold global targets have been set for dryland restoration to restore millions of hectares of degraded land. These targets have been questioned as overly ambitious, but without a global evaluation of successes and failures it is impossible to gauge feasibility. Here we examine restoration seeding outcomes across 174 sites on six continents, encompassing 594,065 observations of 671 plant species. Our findings suggest reasons for optimism. Seeding had a positive impact on species presence: in almost a third of all treatments, 100% of species seeded were growing at first monitoring. However, dryland restoration is risky: 17% of projects failed, with no establishment of any seeded species, and consistent declines were found in seeded species as projects matured. Across projects, higher seeding rates and larger seed sizes resulted in a greater probability of recruitment, with further influences on species success including site aridity, taxonomic identity and species life form. Our findings suggest that investigations examining these predictive factors will yield more effective and informed restoration decision-making.

Published
2021

19. Author Correction: Drivers of seedling establishment success in dryland restoration efforts

Author

Shackelford, Nancy [0000-0003-4817-0423], Paterno, Gustavo B. [0000-0001-9719-3037], Breed, Martin F [0000-0001-7810-9696], Harrison, Peter A [0000-0002-3502-0242], Guo, Qinfeng [0000-0002-4375-4916], Kirmer, Anita [0000-0002-2396-713X], Munson, Seth M [0000-0002-2736-6374], Török, Péter [0000-0002-4428-3327], Becker, Carina [0000-0003-4567-5127], Burton, Philip J [0000-0002-5956-2716], Caruana, Alex [0000-0002-7604-4574], Deák, Balázs [0000-0001-6938-1997], Dullau, Sandra [0000-0003-3167-799X], Golos, Peter J [0000-0003-3588-7011], Holmes, Patricia M [0000-0003-0794-9713], Jonas-Bratten, Jayne [0000-0002-1716-7195], Lorite, Juan [0000-0003-4617-8069], Merino-Martín, Luis [0000-0002-0343-0546], Milton, Suanne Jane [0000-0003-4390-6040], Seabloom, Eric W [0000-0001-6780-9259], Valkó, Orsolya [0000-0001-7919-6293], Veblen, Kari [0000-0001-7523-3368], Xu, Zhiwei [0000-0002-8630-1204], Suding, Katharine L [0000-0002-5357-0176], Shackelford, Nancy, Paterno, Gustavo B., Winkler, Daniel E., Erickson, Todd E., Leger, Elizabeth A., Svejcar, Lauren N., Breed, Martin F., Faist, Akasha M., Harrison, Peter A., Curran, Michael F., Guo, Qinfeng, Kirmer, Anita, Law, Darin J., Mganga, Kevin Z., Munson, Seth M., Porensky, Lauren M., Quiroga, R Emiliano, Török, Péter, Wainwright, Claire E., Abdullahi, Ali, Bahm, Matt A., Ballenger, Elizabeth A., Barger, Nichole, Baughman, Owen W., Becker, Carina, Lucas-Borja, M. E., Boyd, Chad S., Burton, Carla M., Burton, Philip J., Calleja, Eman, Carrick, Peter J., Caruana, Alex, Clements, Charlie D., Davies, Kirk W., Deák, Balázs, Drake, Jessica, Dullau, Sandra, Eldridge, Joshua, Espeland, Erin, Farrell, Hannah L., Fick, Stephen E., Garbowski, Magda, De la Riva, Enrique G., Golos, Peter J., Grey, Penelope A., Heydenrych, Barry, Holmes, Patricia M., James, Jeremy J., Jonas-Bratten, Jayne, Kiss, Réka, Kramer, Andrea T., Larson, Julie E., Lorite, Juan, Mayence, C.Ellery, Merino-Martín, Luis, Miglécz, Tamás, Milton, Suanne Jane, Monaco, Thomas A., Montalvo, Arlee M., Navarro-Cano, J. A., Paschke, Mark W., Peri, Pablo L., Pokorny, Monica L., Rinella, Matthew J., Saayman, Nelmarie, Schantz, Merilynn C., Parkhurst, Tina, Seabloom, Eric W., Stuble, Katharine L., Uselman, Shauna M., Valkó, Orsolya, Veblen, Kari, Wilson, Scott, Wong, Megan, Xu, Zhiwei, Suding, Katharine L., Shackelford, Nancy [0000-0003-4817-0423], Paterno, Gustavo B. [0000-0001-9719-3037], Breed, Martin F [0000-0001-7810-9696], Harrison, Peter A [0000-0002-3502-0242], Guo, Qinfeng [0000-0002-4375-4916], Kirmer, Anita [0000-0002-2396-713X], Munson, Seth M [0000-0002-2736-6374], Török, Péter [0000-0002-4428-3327], Becker, Carina [0000-0003-4567-5127], Burton, Philip J [0000-0002-5956-2716], Caruana, Alex [0000-0002-7604-4574], Deák, Balázs [0000-0001-6938-1997], Dullau, Sandra [0000-0003-3167-799X], Golos, Peter J [0000-0003-3588-7011], Holmes, Patricia M [0000-0003-0794-9713], Jonas-Bratten, Jayne [0000-0002-1716-7195], Lorite, Juan [0000-0003-4617-8069], Merino-Martín, Luis [0000-0002-0343-0546], Milton, Suanne Jane [0000-0003-4390-6040], Seabloom, Eric W [0000-0001-6780-9259], Valkó, Orsolya [0000-0001-7919-6293], Veblen, Kari [0000-0001-7523-3368], Xu, Zhiwei [0000-0002-8630-1204], Suding, Katharine L [0000-0002-5357-0176], Shackelford, Nancy, Paterno, Gustavo B., Winkler, Daniel E., Erickson, Todd E., Leger, Elizabeth A., Svejcar, Lauren N., Breed, Martin F., Faist, Akasha M., Harrison, Peter A., Curran, Michael F., Guo, Qinfeng, Kirmer, Anita, Law, Darin J., Mganga, Kevin Z., Munson, Seth M., Porensky, Lauren M., Quiroga, R Emiliano, Török, Péter, Wainwright, Claire E., Abdullahi, Ali, Bahm, Matt A., Ballenger, Elizabeth A., Barger, Nichole, Baughman, Owen W., Becker, Carina, Lucas-Borja, M. E., Boyd, Chad S., Burton, Carla M., Burton, Philip J., Calleja, Eman, Carrick, Peter J., Caruana, Alex, Clements, Charlie D., Davies, Kirk W., Deák, Balázs, Drake, Jessica, Dullau, Sandra, Eldridge, Joshua, Espeland, Erin, Farrell, Hannah L., Fick, Stephen E., Garbowski, Magda, De la Riva, Enrique G., Golos, Peter J., Grey, Penelope A., Heydenrych, Barry, Holmes, Patricia M., James, Jeremy J., Jonas-Bratten, Jayne, Kiss, Réka, Kramer, Andrea T., Larson, Julie E., Lorite, Juan, Mayence, C.Ellery, Merino-Martín, Luis, Miglécz, Tamás, Milton, Suanne Jane, Monaco, Thomas A., Montalvo, Arlee M., Navarro-Cano, J. A., Paschke, Mark W., Peri, Pablo L., Pokorny, Monica L., Rinella, Matthew J., Saayman, Nelmarie, Schantz, Merilynn C., Parkhurst, Tina, Seabloom, Eric W., Stuble, Katharine L., Uselman, Shauna M., Valkó, Orsolya, Veblen, Kari, Wilson, Scott, Wong, Megan, Xu, Zhiwei, and Suding, Katharine L.

Abstract

In the version of this Article originally published, the surname of author Tina Parkhurst was incorrectly written as Schroeder. This has now been corrected.

Published
2021

20. Assessing the effects of nurse shrubs, sink patches and plant water-use strategies for the establishment of late-successional tree seedlings in Mediterranean reclaimed mining hillslopes

Author

Universidad de Alicante. Instituto Multidisciplinar para el Estudio del Medio "Ramón Margalef", Vicente Bartolí, Eduardo, Moreno-de las Heras, Mariano, Merino-Martín, Luis, Nicolau, José Manuel, Espigares, Tíscar, Universidad de Alicante. Instituto Multidisciplinar para el Estudio del Medio "Ramón Margalef", Vicente Bartolí, Eduardo, Moreno-de las Heras, Mariano, Merino-Martín, Luis, Nicolau, José Manuel, and Espigares, Tíscar

Abstract

The use of ecohydrologically suitable microsites, such as sink patches (i.e. zones intercepting and infiltrating runoff) and nurse shrubs, have largely been proposed as tools to improve the establishment of late-successional trees in Mediterranean reclaimed landscapes. Nonetheless, this technique needs to be accurately tested along with the influence of seedling water-use strategy. To that purpose, we monitored the short- and mid-term (i.e. 4 and 8 years, respectively) influence of sink patches and nurse shrubs (Genista scorpius) on seedlings of two species with contrasted water-use strategies, Pinus nigra, a more drought avoider and isohydric species, and Quercus ilex, a more drought tolerant and anisohydric species. In the short term, G. scorpius shrubs enhanced the establishment of seedlings planted in shaded spots under its canopy. This positive interaction was more relevant for Q. ilex in drier years, while P. nigra was more facilitated in wetter years. Sink patches ameliorated the survival of both species, but only promoted greater growth during wetter years. P. nigra seedlings showed a high sensitivity to precipitation reduction. Their survival and growth were strongly constrained in dry years, resulting in a very high cumulative mortality at the end of the 8-year study period regardless of the microsite the seedlings were planted in. Q. ilex showed better seedling performance than P. nigra in the mid-term, keeping also the positive effects of suitable microsites on plant survival in the mid-term, after 8 years of plantation. Our results support the use of suitable microsites that ameliorate ecohydrological conditions as key spots for enhancing ecological succession in reclaimed mining sites, particularly the use of G. scorpius as nurse shrub for improving Q. ilex seedling establishment and growth. Our results also suggest that seedling functional strategy to cope with drought is a critical factor conditioning the overall plantation performance in the mid-ter

Published
2022

21. Vegetation creates microenvironments that influence soil microbial activity and functional diversity along an elevation gradient

Author

Hernández-Cáceres, Daniel, primary, Stokes, Alexia, additional, Angeles-Alvarez, Guillermo, additional, Abadie, Josiane, additional, Anthelme, Fabien, additional, Bounous, Manon, additional, Freschet, Grégoire T., additional, Roumet, Catherine, additional, Weemstra, Monique, additional, Merino-Martín, Luis, additional, and Reverchon, Frédérique, additional

Published
2022
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22. Habitat partitioning of soil microbial communities along an elevation gradient: from plant root to landscape scale.

Author

Merino‐Martín, Luis, Hernández‐Cáceres, Daniel, Reverchon, Frédérique, Angeles‐Alvarez, Guillermo, Zhang, Guangqi, Dunoyer de Segonzac, Denis, Dezette, Damien, and Stokes, Alexia

Subjects
*BACTERIAL communities, *PLANT roots, *MICROBIAL communities, *SOIL microbial ecology, *RHIZOSPHERE, *MOUNTAIN ecology, *PLANT diversity, *BILBERRY
Abstract

Within a landscape, multiple habitats exist for soil microbial communities. But how these habitats shape community composition requires an understanding of the way in which microbial diversity is impacted across a broad range of spatial scales. Mountain ecosystems are excellent systems to study microbial communities, because a multitude of climate and soil variables change within a relatively small distance. We investigated microbial community structure in bulk and rhizosphere soils beneath three plant species, Vaccinium myrtillus, Juniperus communis and Picea abies, that structure local plant communities along an elevation gradient in the French Alps. We examined the impact that climate, soil properties, plant diversity and plant root chemical and morphological traits had on microbial α‐ and β‐diversities. The most abundant bacterial phyla detected in both bulk and rhizosphere soils were Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Acidobacteria and Verrucomicrobia. Along the elevation gradient, bacterial phyla did not display a clear distribution pattern between bulk and rhizosphere soils. For fungi, dominant phyla were Ascomycota and Basidiomycota, and contrasting distribution patterns were found between bulk and rhizosphere soils. Overall, bacterial and fungal α‐diversity responded differently to elevation as well to soil compartments (bulk versus rhizosphere soil), revealing no significant patterns in bulk soil beneath any of the structuring plant species, but increasing in the rhizosphere compartment of P. abies just below the treeline. Changes in bacterial β‐diversity with elevation were related mostly to soil physical and chemical properties. Bacterial and fungal α‐diversity in rhizosphere communities were more related to plant species identity, vegetation diversity and belowground plant traits compared to soil properties, whilst the opposite was found for bulk soil. Our results highlight that environmental changes at the landscape scale (e.g. associated to elevation, soil properties or climate), impact significantly soil microbial communities, but vegetation refines communities at a local scale via the rhizosphere niche. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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23. Intra‐ and inter‐specific variation in root mechanical traits for twelve herbaceous plants and their link with the root economics space.

Author

Mao, Zhun, Roumet, Catherine, Rossi, Lorenzo M. W., Merino‐Martín, Luis, Nespoulous, Jérôme, Taugourdeau, Olivier, Boukcim, Hassan, Fourtier, Stéphane, Del Rey‐Granado, Maria, Ramel, Merlin, Ji, Kang, Zuo, Juan, Fromin, Nathalie, Stokes, Alexia, and Fort, Florian

Subjects
SPACE in economics, PLANT roots, TENSILE strength, PLANTAGINACEAE, HERBACEOUS plants, DICOTYLEDONS
Abstract

Plant root traits are diverse and variable, and the way in which they interact has consequences for fundamental functions such as anchorage, or services such as soil fixation. Here, we characterize mechanical traits related to anchorage (tensile strength, strain, stiffness and toughness) at both intra‐ and inter‐specific levels and examine how they covary with other traits related to the root economics space. We grew twelve herbaceous species from contrasting taxonomical families in a common garden experiment. For each species, we excavated root systems and measured mechanical, morphological and chemical traits at two locations (proximal versus distal) for two root types (absorptive versus transport roots). At the intraspecific level, transport roots tended to be stronger and tougher than absorptive roots and could extend further before failure, but were as stiff as absorptiveroots. Where the root was sampled (proximalversus distal) had a limited effect on any root mechanical trait. The five monocots (Poaceae) had stronger and tougher root material than the seven dicots (Fabaceae, Plantaginaceae and Rosaceae), but there were no differences in stiffness. At the interspecific level, mechanical traits covaried positively and were strongly and positively correlated with specific root length (a trait related to the 'do‐it‐yourself' soil exploration strategy), and negatively with root diameter (a trait related to the 'outsourcing' soil exploration strategy) and root tissue density (a trait related to root lifespan). We demonstrate the important role of species' taxonomical subgroup (monocot versus dicot) and root type in governing mechanical trait variation at both intra‐ and inter‐specific levels. Our results can be regarded as the first evidence of a link between root mechanical robustness and the root economics space, through a strong association with the 'do‐it‐yourself' soil exploration strategy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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25. Interacting effects of land use type, soil microbes and plant traits on aggregate stability

Author

Merino-Martín, Luis, Stokes, Alexia, Gweon, Hyun, Moragues-Saitua, Lur, Staunton, Siobhan, Plassard, Claude, Oliver, Anna, Le Bissonnais, Yves, Griffiths, Robert, Centre d’Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive (CEFE), Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Universidad Rey Juan Carlos [Madrid] (URJC), Centre for Ecology and Hydrology [Wallingford] (CEH), Natural Environment Research Council (NERC), Botanique et Modélisation de l'Architecture des Plantes et des Végétations (UMR AMAP), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Instituto Vasco de Investigación y Desarrollo Agrario [Derio] (NEIKER), Ecologie fonctionnelle et biogéochimie des sols et des agro-écosystèmes (UMR Eco&Sols), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Laboratoire d'étude des Interactions Sol - Agrosystème - Hydrosystème (UMR LISAH), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), LMM and this research were funded with a Marie Curie IEF fellowship (FP7 European program, ref. Fixsoil 626666/2013), European Project: 626666,EC:FP7:PEOPLE,FP7-PEOPLE-2013-IEF,FIXSOIL(2014), Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro - Montpellier SupAgro, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro - Montpellier SupAgro, and Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro - Montpellier SupAgro

Subjects
16S, Glomalin, Bacteria, Fungi, Root traits, [SDV.BV.BOT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology/Botanics, [SDV.BID.SPT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity/Systematics, Phylogenetics and taxonomy, complex mixtures, [SDV.EE.ECO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Ecosystems, Ergosterol, Soil structure, ITS, Root systems, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology
Abstract

International audience; Summary Soil aggregates are critical to soil functionality, but there remain many uncertainties with respect to the role of biotic factors in forming aggregates. Understanding the interacting effects of soil, land use type, vegetation and microbial communities is a major challenge that needs assessment in both field and controlled laboratory conditions, as well as in bulk and rhizosphere soils. To address these effects and their feedbacks, we first examined the influence of soil, root and litter characteristics along a land use gradient (ancient woodland, secondary woodland, grassland, pasture and arable land) on microbial community structure (in both bulk and rhizosphere soil), as well as on aggregate stability. Then, we performed an inoculation experiment where we extracted soil columns from the arable and secondary woodland and used a third unstructured loamy soil as a control. We sterilized these three soils to remove microbial communities, and then either inoculated the tops of sterilized soil columns with soil from the secondary woodland or the arable field sites. Control columns of all soil types were not inoculated. In a fully-crossed design, we planted two species possessing distinct root system morphological traits: Brachypodium sylvaticum (fibrous system with many thin and fine roots) and Urtica dioica (taproot system with few fine roots). After four months, microbial communities (in bulk and rhizospheric soil) and aggregate stability were measured, along with root traits. In both the field and laboratory experiments, bacterial (16S) and fungal (ITS) biodiversity was determined using high throughput sequencing. In the field study we found that: i) there were strong relationships between aggregate stability and microbial community composition that were driven by land use, ii) the relationship between aggregate stability along the land use gradient and the trophic nature of bacterial communities was not significant, but that certain soil, root and litter parameters shaped bacterial phyla, with oligotrophic bacteria conditioned by the rhizosphere niche, and copiotrophic phyla more dependent on bulk soil conditions, iii) land use gradient (from woodland to arable), reduced the relative abundance of saprotrophic and ectomycorrhizal fungi with an increase in the relative abundance of Ascomycota and a reduction in the relative abundance of Basidiomycota. In the laboratory experiment we found that: i) the inoculation of sterilized soils with soils from the field significantly increased aggregate stability in control soil that was initially poorly structured, ii) the effects of inoculation on aggregate stability were similar when either secondary woodland or arable soils were used as inoculums and iii) these effects were affected significantly by root length density. Our results show that microbial communities influence soil structure and that bacterial communities are intimately associated to rhizospheric conditions and root traits (of which root length density was the most pertinent).

Published
2021

26. Bypass and hyperbole in soil science: A perspective from the next generation of soil scientists

Author

Portell, Xavier, Sauzet, Ophélie, Balseiro-Romero, María, Benard, Pascal, Cardinael, Rémi, Couradeau, Estelle, Danra, Dieudonné D., Evans, Daniel L., Fry, Ellen L., Hammer, Edith C., Mamba, Danielle, Merino-Martín, Luis, Mueller, Carsten W., Paradelo, Marcos, Rees, Frédéric, M. W. Rossi, Lorenzo, Schmidt, Hannes, Schnee, Laura S., Védère, Charlotte, Vidal, Alix, Portell, Xavier, Sauzet, Ophélie, Balseiro-Romero, María, Benard, Pascal, Cardinael, Rémi, Couradeau, Estelle, Danra, Dieudonné D., Evans, Daniel L., Fry, Ellen L., Hammer, Edith C., Mamba, Danielle, Merino-Martín, Luis, Mueller, Carsten W., Paradelo, Marcos, Rees, Frédéric, M. W. Rossi, Lorenzo, Schmidt, Hannes, Schnee, Laura S., Védère, Charlotte, and Vidal, Alix

Abstract

Letter to the Editor.

Published
2021

27. Bypass and hyperbole in soil science: A perspective from the next generation of soil scientists

Author

Universidade de Santiago de Compostela. Departamento de Edafoloxía e Química Agrícola, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela. Instituto Interdisciplinar de Tecnoloxías Ambientais (CRETUS), Portell, Xavier, Sauzet, Ophélie, Balseiro Romero, María, Benard, Pascal, Cardinael, Rémi, Couradeau, Estelle, Danra, Dieudonné D., Evans, Daniel L., Fry, Ellen L., Hammer, Edith Caroline, Mamba, Danielle, Merino Martín, Luis, Mueller, Carsten W., Paradelo, Marcos, Rees, Frédéric, Rossi, Lorenzo M. W., Schmidt, Hannes, Schnee, Laura Sophie, Védère, Charlotte, Vidal, Alix, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela. Departamento de Edafoloxía e Química Agrícola, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela. Instituto Interdisciplinar de Tecnoloxías Ambientais (CRETUS), Portell, Xavier, Sauzet, Ophélie, Balseiro Romero, María, Benard, Pascal, Cardinael, Rémi, Couradeau, Estelle, Danra, Dieudonné D., Evans, Daniel L., Fry, Ellen L., Hammer, Edith Caroline, Mamba, Danielle, Merino Martín, Luis, Mueller, Carsten W., Paradelo, Marcos, Rees, Frédéric, Rossi, Lorenzo M. W., Schmidt, Hannes, Schnee, Laura Sophie, Védère, Charlotte, and Vidal, Alix

Abstract

Letter to the Editor of the European Journal of Soil Science as a reaction to the Russell Review by Phillipe Baveye “Bypass and hyperbole in soil research: worrisome practices critically reviewed through examples” and to his follow‐up Invited Opinion paper “Bypass and hyperbole in soil research: a personal view on plausible causes and possible remedies” and the subsequent Letter to the Editor by Johan Bouma “Soil challenges beyond publication issues”

Published
2021

28. Bypass and hyperbole in soil science:A perspective from the next generation of soil scientists

Author

Portell, Xavier, Sauzet, Ophélie, Balseiro-Romero, María, Benard, Pascal, Cardinael, Rémi, Couradeau, Estelle, Danra, Dieudonné D., Evans, Daniel L., Fry, Ellen L., Hammer, Edith C., Mamba, Danielle, Merino-Martín, Luis, Mueller, Carsten W., Paradelo, Marcos, Rees, Frédéric, M. W. Rossi, Lorenzo, Schmidt, Hannes, Schnee, Laura S., Védère, Charlotte, Vidal, Alix, Portell, Xavier, Sauzet, Ophélie, Balseiro-Romero, María, Benard, Pascal, Cardinael, Rémi, Couradeau, Estelle, Danra, Dieudonné D., Evans, Daniel L., Fry, Ellen L., Hammer, Edith C., Mamba, Danielle, Merino-Martín, Luis, Mueller, Carsten W., Paradelo, Marcos, Rees, Frédéric, M. W. Rossi, Lorenzo, Schmidt, Hannes, Schnee, Laura S., Védère, Charlotte, and Vidal, Alix

Published
2021

30. Structural and functional control of surface-patch to hillslope runoff and sediment connectivity in Mediterranean dry reclaimed slope systems

Author

Moreno-de-las-Heras, Mariano [0000-0003-3366-5060], Gallart, Francesc [0000-0002-7050-2204], Moreno-de-las-Heras, Mariano, Merino-Martín, Luis, Saco, Patricia M., Espigares, T., Gallart, Francesc, Nicolau, J. M., Moreno-de-las-Heras, Mariano [0000-0003-3366-5060], Gallart, Francesc [0000-0002-7050-2204], Moreno-de-las-Heras, Mariano, Merino-Martín, Luis, Saco, Patricia M., Espigares, T., Gallart, Francesc, and Nicolau, J. M.

Abstract

Connectivity has emerged as a useful concept for exploring the movement of water and sediments between landscape locations and across spatial scales. In this study, we examine the structural and functional controls of surface-patch to hillslope runoff and sediment connectivity in three Mediterranean dry reclaimed mining slope systems that have different long-term development levels of vegetation and rill networks. Structural connectivity was assessed using flow path analysis of coupled vegetation distribution and surface topography, providing field indicators of the extent to which surface patches that facilitate runoff and sediment production are physically linked to one another in the studied hillslopes. Functional connectivity was calculated using the ratio of patch-scale to hillslope-scale observations of runoff and sediment yield for 21 monitored hydrologically active rainfall events. The impact of the dynamic interactions between rainfall conditions and structural connectivity on functional connectivity were further analysed using general linear models with a backward model structure selection approach. Functional runoff connectivity during precipitation events was found to be dynamically controlled by antecedent precipitation conditions and rainfall intensity and strongly modulated by the structural connectivity of the slopes. On slopes without rills, both runoff and sediments for all events were largely redistributed within the analysed hillslopes, resulting in low functional connectivity. Sediment connectivity increased with rainfall intensity, particularly in the presence of rill networks where active incision under high-intensity storm conditions led to large non-linear increases in sediment yield from the surface-patch to the hillslope scales. Overall, our results demonstrate the usefulness of applying structural- and functional-connectivity metrics for practical applications and for assessing the complex links and controlling factors that regulate the t

Published
2020

32. Bypass and hyperbole in soil science: A perspective from the next generation of soil scientists

Author

Portell, Xavier, primary, Sauzet, Ophélie, additional, Balseiro‐Romero, María, additional, Benard, Pascal, additional, Cardinael, Rémi, additional, Couradeau, Estelle, additional, Danra, Dieudonné D., additional, Evans, Daniel L., additional, Fry, Ellen L., additional, Hammer, Edith C., additional, Mamba, Danielle, additional, Merino‐Martín, Luis, additional, Mueller, Carsten W., additional, Paradelo, Marcos, additional, Rees, Frédéric, additional, Rossi, Lorenzo, additional, Schmidt, Hannes, additional, Schnee, Laura S., additional, Védère, Charlotte, additional, and Vidal, Alix, additional

Published
2020
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37. Belowground Biodiversity Relates Positively to Ecosystem Services of European Forests

Author

Bakker, Mark R., Brunner, Ivano, Ashwood, Francis, Bjarnadottir, Brynhildur, Bolger, Tom, Børja, Isabella, Carnol, Monique, Cudlin, Pavel, Dalsgaard, Lise, Erktan, Amandine, Godbold, Douglas, Kraigher, Hojka, Meier, Ina C., Merino-Martín, Luis, Motiejūnaitė, Jurga, Mrak, Tanja, Oddsdóttir, Edda S., Ostonen, Ivika, Pennanen, Taina L., Püttsepp, Ülle, Suz, Laura M., Vanguelova, Elena I., Vesterdal, Lars, Soudzilovskaia, Nadejda A., Bakker, Mark R., Brunner, Ivano, Ashwood, Francis, Bjarnadottir, Brynhildur, Bolger, Tom, Børja, Isabella, Carnol, Monique, Cudlin, Pavel, Dalsgaard, Lise, Erktan, Amandine, Godbold, Douglas, Kraigher, Hojka, Meier, Ina C., Merino-Martín, Luis, Motiejūnaitė, Jurga, Mrak, Tanja, Oddsdóttir, Edda S., Ostonen, Ivika, Pennanen, Taina L., Püttsepp, Ülle, Suz, Laura M., Vanguelova, Elena I., Vesterdal, Lars, and Soudzilovskaia, Nadejda A.

Abstract

Biodiversity of ecosystems is an important driver for the supply of ecosystem services to people. Soils often have a larger biodiversity per unit surface area than what can be observed aboveground. Here, we present what is to our knowledge, the most extensive literature-based key-word assessment of the existing information about the relationships between belowground biodiversity and ecosystem services in European forests. The belowground diversity of plant roots, fungi, prokaryota, soil fauna and protists was evaluated in relation to the supply of Provisioning, Regulating, Cultural and Supporting Services. The soil biota were divided into 14 subgroups and the ecosystem services into 37 separate services. Out of the 518 possible combinations of biotic groups and ecosystem services, no published study was found for 374 combinations (72%). Of the remaining 144 combinations (28%) where relationships were found, the large majority (87%) showed a positive relationship between biodiversity of a belowground biotic group and an associated ecosystem service. However, for the majority of the combinations (102) there were only three or fewer studies. The percentage of cases for which a relationship was detected varied strongly between ecosystem service categories with 23% for Provisioning, 8% for Regulating, 40% for Cultural and 48% for Supporting Services. We conclude that (1) soil biodiversity is generally positively related to ecosystem services in European forests; (2) the links between soil biodiversity and Cultural or Supporting services are better documented than those relating to Provisioning and Regulating services; (3) there is a huge knowledge gap for most possible combinations of soil biota and ecosystem services regarding how a more biodiverse soil biota is associated with a given ecosystem service.Given the drastically increasing societal demand for knowledge of the role of biodiversity in the functioning of ecosystems and the supply of ecosystem services, we stro

Published
2019

38. Tropical forest structure and understorey determine subsurface flow through biopores formed by plant roots

Author

Nespoulous, Jérôme, primary, Merino-Martín, Luis, additional, Monnier, Yogan, additional, Bouchet, Diane C., additional, Ramel, Merlin, additional, Dombey, Rodolphe, additional, Viennois, Gaelle, additional, Mao, Zhun, additional, Zhang, Jiao-Lin, additional, Cao, Kun-Fang, additional, Le Bissonnais, Yves, additional, Sidle, Roy C., additional, and Stokes, Alexia, additional

Published
2019
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40. Belowground Biodiversity Relates Positively to Ecosystem Services of European Forests

Author

Bakker, Mark R., primary, Brunner, Ivano, additional, Ashwood, Francis, additional, Bjarnadottir, Brynhildur, additional, Bolger, Tom, additional, Børja, Isabella, additional, Carnol, Monique, additional, Cudlin, Pavel, additional, Dalsgaard, Lise, additional, Erktan, Amandine, additional, Godbold, Douglas, additional, Kraigher, Hojka, additional, Meier, Ina C., additional, Merino-Martín, Luis, additional, Motiejūnaitė, Jurga, additional, Mrak, Tanja, additional, Oddsdóttir, Edda S., additional, Ostonen, Ivika, additional, Pennanen, Taina L., additional, Püttsepp, Ülle, additional, Suz, Laura M., additional, Vanguelova, Elena I., additional, Vesterdal, Lars, additional, and Soudzilovskaia, Nadejda A., additional

Published
2019
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41. Structural and functional control of surface-patch to hillslope-scale runoff and sediment connectivity in Mediterranean-dry reclaimed slope systems.

Author

Moreno-de-las-Heras, Mariano, Merino-Martín, Luis, Saco, Patricia M., Espigares, Tíscar, Gallart, Francesc, and Nicolau, José M.

Abstract

Runoff and soil erosion in Mediterranean landscapes are affected by multiple factors that interact at a variety of spatial scales with variable degrees of connection. In these systems, connectivity has emerged as a useful concept for exploring the movement of runoff and sediments between landscape locations and across spatial scales. In this study, we examine the structural and functional controls of surface-patch to hillslope-scale runoff and sediment connectivity in three Mediterranean-dry reclaimed mining slope systems that have different long-term development levels of vegetation and rill networks. Structural connectivity, or the extent to which surface patches that facilitate the production of runoff/sediments are physically linked to one another, was assessed using a flowpath analysis of coupled vegetation distribution and surface topography. Functional connectivity, determined as the spatial continuity of surface fluxes across scales, was further explored using the ratio of surface-patch to hillslope-scale observations of runoff and sediment yield for 21 monitored hydrologically active rainfall events. Event-based (functional) runoff connectivity was found to be dynamically controlled by antecedent precipitation conditions and rainfall intensity and, at the same time, was strongly modulated by the structural connectivity of the slopes. In the absence of rill networks, both runoff and sediments for all events were largely redistributed within the analysed systems, resulting in low functional connectivity. Sediment connectivity increased with rainfall intensity, particularly in the presence of rill networks where active incision under high intensity storm conditions led to large non-linear increases in sediment yield from the surface-patch to the hillslope scales. Overall, our results demonstrate the usefulness of applying structural and functional connectivity metrics for practical applications, and for assessing the complex links and controlling factors that regulate the transference of both runoff and sediment yield across different landscape scales. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2020
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47. A framework for the practical science necessary to restore sustainable, resilient, and biodiverse ecosystems

Author

Miller, Ben P., primary, Sinclair, Elizabeth A., additional, Menz, Myles H. M., additional, Elliott, Carole P., additional, Bunn, Eric, additional, Commander, Lucy E., additional, Dalziell, Emma, additional, David, Erica, additional, Davis, Belinda, additional, Erickson, Todd E., additional, Golos, Peter J., additional, Krauss, Siegfried L., additional, Lewandrowski, Wolfgang, additional, Mayence, C. Ellery, additional, Merino‐Martín, Luis, additional, Merritt, David J., additional, Nevill, Paul G., additional, Phillips, Ryan D., additional, Ritchie, Alison L., additional, Ruoss, Sacha, additional, and Stevens, Jason C., additional

Published
2016
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48. Towards meaningful quantification of glomalin‐related soil protein (GRSP) taking account of interference in the Coomassie Blue (Bradford) assay.

Author

Moragues‐Saitua, Lur, Merino‐Martín, Luis, Stokes, Alexia, and Staunton, Siobhan

Subjects
*HUMUS, *SOILS, *PROTEINS, *TOPSOIL
Abstract

Glomalin‐related soil protein (GRSP), an operationally defined fraction of soil organic matter containing protein and various other components, is usually quantified using the colorimetric nonspecific Bradford method. This method is limited by a short working range, a nonlinear response and interference from co‐extracted compounds. These limitations hinder the exact quantification of the protein component. The aim of this study was to investigate the source of interference in the Bradford quantification of GRSP and propose several methodological improvements based on identified interferences. The easily extractable and total GRSP in five topsoils with contrasting texture, organic carbon content and land use were compared. Results showed that: (a) the extent of interference varied between different soils, (b) the standard addition method overestimated the extent of inhibition, (c) absorbance should be corrected for colour, (d) use of the ratio of absorbances at 595 and 465 nm, A595/A465, is not recommended because it is sensitive to pH and dilution‐dependent absorbance at 465 nm, (e) although a quadratic fit to the protein calibration curve was better than the linear fit, it was not possible for the dilution method, and (f) estimation of protein content from the dilution curve of the soil extract appeared to be suitable as it integrates the often observed, and hitherto unexplained, effect of dilution on the calculated protein content of soil extracts and avoids artefacts because of the choice of protein spike and dilution. Highlights: Soil protein colorimetric quantification is hampered by co‐extracted compounds.Variants of Bradford assay of glomalin‐related soil protein are tested for five contrasting soils.Direct assay underestimates soil protein, but standard addition may overestimate.Controlled sample dilution with colour correction might give the best estimate of soil protein. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2019
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49. Ecología de laderas restauradas de la minería de carbón a cielo abierto: interacciones ecohidrológicas. [Ecology of restored slopes from opencast coal mining : ecohydrologycal interactions]

Author

Merino Martín, Luis, Nicolau Ibarra, José Manuel, Espigares Pinilla, María Tiscar, Universidad de Alcalá. Departamento de Ecología, and Espigares Pinilla, M. Tiscar

Subjects
Ciencia, CIENCIA, Minas de carbón-Aspectos ambientales, Medio ambiente, Ecología, Environmental science, Restauración ecológica, Ecohidrología
Abstract

Textos en español e inglés, y resúmenes en español e inglés, La restauración de espacios afectados por la minería de carbón a cielo abierto es una labor muy compleja. La creación de nuevos ecosistemas implica la activación de numerosos procesos naturales en el marco de la sucesión ecológica. Los procesos ecohidrológicos resultan claves en el funcionamiento de estos nuevos sistemas. Son ya conocidas las claves de la dinámica ecohidrológica de laderas mineras restauradas con régimen de escorrentía en regueros, caracterizadas por un avance limitado de la sucesión. Sin embargo, es muy escaso el conocimiento de laderas con régimen de escorrentía laminar y un mayor potencial de sucesión ecológica. La presente Tesis Doctoral tiene como objetivo estudiar las interacciones entre vegetación e hidrología superficial y su relación con los patrones de sucesión ecológica, haciendo especial énfasis en el efecto que tiene en ello el volumen de escorrentía circulante por la ladera. La hipótesis de partida es que la interacción entre la escorrentía superficial y la vegetación es un fenómeno clave para explicar la estructura espacial y el funcionamiento de estos sistemas y, en particular, que la escorrentía es una fuerza directriz de la sucesión ecológica (agradación). En un primer estudio a escala regional, se describe la estrecha interacción entre escorrentía y vegetación en laderas restauradas no reguerizadas, identificándose ?unidades ecohidrológicas?, que se diferencian por su composición florística y comportamiento hidrológico. La reguerización intensa aparece como un fenómeno degradativo en el que el control de la hidrología superficial es llevado a cabo por elementos abióticos. Por otro lado, se observa que la intensidad de las interrelaciones ecohidrológicas es menor en las laderas cubiertas de vegetación, por lo limitado de los procesos de escorrentía superficial. Posteriormente se lleva a cabo una investigación experimental en tres laderas restauradas de manera similar, diferenciadas únicamente en el volumen de escorrentía circulante a causa de sus diferencias en la topografía de su cabecera. Estas laderas abarcan un gradiente de escorrentía desde la reguerización discontinua hasta el dominio de la escorrentía laminar débil. En este contexto se analiza la influencia de la vegetación en la heterogeneidad espacial de los procesos hidrológicos superficiales identificando manchas de vegetación sumideros y fuentes de escorrentía. Además, se estudia la influencia del volumen de escorrentía superficial circulante por la ladera en la heterogeneidad hidrológica, concluyendo que éste controla la ?diversidad hidrológica?: cuando el volumen de escorrentía aumenta, la diversidad hidrológica disminuye, desarrollando comportamientos hidrológicos muy contrastados (fuentes extremas y sumideros). Se explora también el efecto de la distribución espacial de la humedad edáfica ?condicionada por las unidades ecohidrológicas- sobre la composición, estructura y dinámica de la vegetación, así como sobre los factores limitantes para la colonización vegetal, en función del volumen de escorrentía superficial circulante. Se analizan las relaciones funcionales entre UEH importadoras y exportadoras de escorrentía estudiando los efectos ecológicos de la interrupción de los flujos de escorrentía entre fuentes y sumideros en laderas con diferente volumen de escorrentía superficial. Con ello, se comprueba que el marco conceptual Trigger Transfer Reserve Pulse (TTRP) -que explica las relaciones ecohidrológicas de ambientes semiáridos- se puede emplear en estas zonas restauradas. Este marco conceptual no había sido descrito en ambientes restaurados, donde puede tener una aplicación práctica para el desarrollo de estrategias de restauración adecuadas. Los resultados obtenidos por esta Tesis Doctoral reflejan que cuando se dan volúmenes altos de escorrentía las manchas de vegetación son dependientes de la escorrentía circulante y el control del agua se ejerce de forma abiótica. Por otro lado, a volúmenes bajos de escorrentía, el control del agua se produce por fenómenos bióticos, apareciendo un matorral (Genista scorpius) capaz de modificar el patrón de redistribución de la escorrentía y de realizar interacciones bióticas (facilitación) que pueden propiciar un total cubrimiento de la ladera por parte de la vegetación. En conclusión, el volumen de escorrentía influye en el dominio del recurso hídrico, dirigiendo de esta forma el proceso sucesional de laderas restauradas. La identificación de la escorrentía como una fuerza directriz de la sucesión en estos ambientes restaurados hace necesaria su incorporación en los proyectos de restauración. Surge de esta forma el concepto del manejo experto de la escorrentía, que debe ser desarrollado y aplicado en los proyectos de minería para una correcta evolución de los ambientes restaurados.

Published
2010

50. A framework for the practical science necessary to restore sustainable, resilient, and biodiverse ecosystems.

Author

Miller, Ben P., Sinclair, Elizabeth A., Menz, Myles H. M., Elliott, Carole P., Bunn, Eric, Commander, Lucy E., Dalziell, Emma, David, Erica, Davis, Belinda, Erickson, Todd E., Golos, Peter J., Krauss, Siegfried L., Lewandrowski, Wolfgang, Mayence, C. Ellery, Merino‐Martín, Luis, Merritt, David J., Nevill, Paul G., Phillips, Ryan D., Ritchie, Alison L., and Ruoss, Sacha

Subjects
ECOSYSTEMS, RESTORATION ecology, ECOLOGY, SOIL restoration, BIODIVERSITY
Abstract

Demand for restoration of resilient, self-sustaining, and biodiverse natural ecosystems as a conservation measure is increasing globally; however, restoration efforts frequently fail to meet standards appropriate for this objective. Achieving these standards requires management underpinned by input from diverse scientific disciplines including ecology, biotechnology, engineering, soil science, ecophysiology, and genetics. Despite increasing restoration research activity, a gap between the immediate needs of restoration practitioners and the outputs of restoration science often limits the effectiveness of restoration programs. Regrettably, studies often fail to identify the practical issues most critical for restoration success. We propose that part of this oversight may result from the absence of a considered statement of the necessary practical restoration science questions. Here we develop a comprehensive framework of the research required to bridge this gap and guide effective restoration. We structure questions in five themes: (1) setting targets and planning for success, (2) sourcing biological material, (3) optimizing establishment, (4) facilitating growth and survival, and (5) restoring resilience, sustainability, and landscape integration. This framework will assist restoration practitioners and scientists to identify knowledge gaps and develop strategic research focused on applied outcomes. The breadth of questions highlights the importance of cross-discipline collaboration among restoration scientists, and while the program is broad, successful restoration projects have typically invested in many or most of these themes. Achieving restoration ecology's goal of averting biodiversity losses is a vast challenge: investment in appropriate science is urgently needed for ecological restoration to fulfill its potential and meet demand as a conservation tool. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2017
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