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Copyright of Universum is the property of Instituto de Estudios Humanisticos Juan Ignacio Molina, Universidad de Talca and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The article analyzes the inequality in the dissemination of inclusive educational content on social networks such as Instagram, Twitter, and YouTube. It highlights how economic interests and marketing strategies monopolize visibility to the detriment of altruistic content. The importance of a critical digital citizenship is discussed to counteract unequal behaviors and narratives interested in inclusive education. [Extracted from the article]

Copyright of Revista de Estudios Políticos is the property of Centro de Estudios Politicos y Constitucionales and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

En el presente trabajo se analiza un episodio en la vida de los objetos de culto ignacianos que, previo a la expulsión de la Compañía de Jesús, habían servido para alhajar iglesias y colegios de la orden en el territorio rioplatense. Nuestros protagonistas serán imágenes y objetos de culto que otrora tuvieron una especial significancia por su centralidad en componer la liturgia y su cercanía a lo sagrado. A pesar de su heterogeneidad, todos estos objetos, elaborados en ricos metales, conformaron una cultura material jesuítica rioplatense que exaltó la identidad de la orden.Desde una perspectiva centrada en la cultura material, analizaremos cómo, una vez iniciado el proceso de administración de temporalidades, estos objetos transitaron un camino insospechado que alteró sus biografías, sus sentidos simbólicos y sus valorizaciones como bienes sagrados. A partir de entonces, desfuncionalizadas y desacralizadas, estas piezas atravesaron procesos de embargo, mercantilización y disputas por su posesión hasta su posterior desaparición. Recomponer estos caminos nos permitirá evidenciar la importancia que tuvieron los objetos para componer el culto y la liturgia, enmarcado en uno de los procesos históricos que conllevaron a uno de los mayores expolios y diásporas del patrimonio artístico en el siglo XVIII.

En el marco de la urbanización neoliberal emergen tipologías residenciales globales producidas por gestión privada como formas de reproducción del capital económico, que suponen transformaciones urbanas y habitacionales en sus contextos de inserción. Este artículo explica cómo se produce este fenómeno en conjuntos residenciales del tipo torres de perímetro cerrado, en una ciudad secundaria del capitalismo periférico (Córdoba, Argentina). Se identifica la agencia de los desarrolladores inmobiliarios en la creación de atributos de valorización económica, del Estado local en esta producción y los efectos en el mercado inmobiliario residencial. La metodología se basa en la triangulación de datos cualitativos y cuantitativos sobre las características del capital económico y las transformaciones urbanas y tipológicas incorporadas. Se concluye que la reproducción de capital adquiere especificidades en el contexto social, económico, político y urbano de su geografía de inserción, donde el Estado tiene un rol clave en su promoción o regulación. Los agentes inmobiliarios actúan bajo la lógica de reproducción de máxima ganancia, crean atributos de valorización económica que son pagados por la demanda y afectan el mercado habitacional.

This paper intends to analyze an episode in the life of Ignatian cult objects that had been used to house churches and schools of the order in the River Plate territory. Our protagonists will be images and objects of worship that once had a special significance due to their centrality in composing the liturgy and their proximity to the sacred. Despite their heterogeneity, all these objects, made of rich metals, had formed a River Plate Jesuitical material culture that had exalted the identity of the order. From a perspective focused on material culture, we will analyze how, once the process of managing temporalities began, these objects traveled an unsuspected path that altered their biographies, their symbolic meanings, and their valuations as sacred goods. From then on, desacralized and defunctionalized, these pieces went through processes of embargoes, commodification and disputes over their possession until their subsequent disappearance. Recomposing these paths will allow us to demonstrate the importance that these objects had in composing worship and liturgy followed by historical processes that led to one of the largest looting and diasporas of artistic heritage in the 18th century within the framework of its growing desecration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Memoria em Rede is the property of Revista Memoria em Rede and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Ad Limina. Revista de investigacion del Camino de Santiag y las peregrinaciones is the property of AD LIMINA Turismo de Galicia SA de Xestion do Plan Xacobeo and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Universum is the property of Instituto de Estudios Humanisticos Juan Ignacio Molina, Universidad de Talca and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This article presents the preliminary results of the survey carried out within the framework of the project "Socioterritorial Movements in Comparative Perspective" (UNESP, Brazil, 2019-2022), implemented in different universities in Latin America, whose objective is the study and comparison of sociospatial and socioterritorial movements based on the analysis of their collective actions. The authors of this work belong to the National University of La Plata, and the information to be presented is framed in urban contexts of Argentina during the year 2021. From its survey, an information matrix is constructed, in which the data obtained are organized and classified according to different aggregation criteria. With the preliminary results of this database, we made a theoretical cut that allowed us to focus on those collective actions linked to the struggle for housing and habitat in different regions of the country, from which maps and graphs were made that account for the distribution of this conflict. At the same time, we set out to identify within this framework those strategies that respond to commodified and decommodified forms of habitat production, forms that we believe coexist and enter into tension within the repertoire of action to which we refer. We will present the analysis of two cases that, we believe, can help us shed light on these tensions, to conclude with some conclusions about the results obtained from the analysis of the actions surveyed, in combination with theoretical reflections from the body of authors chosen. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article investigates the tensions between commodification and the right to housing and the city, as well as the different degrees of decision-making and participation of the social sectors involved in housing policies, within the framework of the Shared Dreams Mission Program, of the Mothers of Plaza de Mayo Foundation. The research focuses on the implementation of the program in a village in the municipality of Tigre, in the Buenos Aires suburbs (Argentina). To this end, we analyzed a corpus made up of field notes and interviews with neighbors, workers, and officials, along with a series of secondary sources, such as documents disseminating the program, public documents of the legal cases, news stories, and publications on social networks of political and social organizations that were part of the program's experiences. The results show that, while organizations had a central place in the discussion of the public sphere, their capacity to influence in the different moments of implementation depends on the disputes and negotiations that were articulated territorially. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cada vez se hace necesario reflexionar las contradicciones y disputas socioecológicas del modelo de desarrollo capitalista que privilegia la economía de mercado y deteriora la ecología. En este contexto, el objetivo del presente artículo es explicar el concepto de naturaleza desde una postura crítica planteada por la teoría neomarxista. Apoyado en el enfoque de investigación cualitativa, método, análisis documental y técnica de revisión bibliográfica de 56 repositorios diversos (libros, capítulos en libros y artículos científicos) determinados mediante muestreo no probabilístico intencional, el trabajo hace parte de una indagación teórica caracterizada por reflexionar el concepto de naturaleza humanizada que permanece hoy, aún estancado y escaso en los desarrollos discursivos. Los resultados indican que hay una necesidad ontológica y epistemológica por restablecer el vínculo sociedad-naturaleza, donde esta última no es una mercancía, por tanto, requiere desmercantilizarse para concebirla como un medio para la vida que funciona con sus propias leyes naturales, externa y mayor al sistema económico, que no puede ser regulada por los mecanismos de la economía de mercado. Se concluye que para desmercantilizar la noción de naturaleza se debe fortalecer el paradigma ecocéntrico, donde las acciones públicas y privadas se alineen a las leyes naturales como condición universal de supervivencia.

Copyright of Revista de Ciencias Sociales (13159518) is the property of Revista de Ciencias Sociales de la Universidad del Zulia Venezuela and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Southern African ecosystems are threatened by biodiversity loss, but it remains highly controversial whether nature conservation can be successfully achieved by commodifying ecosystems through tourism or by withdrawing habitats from their integration into globalized production. This article contributes to the debate by applying the global production network (GPN) approach to analyze institutional dynamics and actors involved in the commodification of nature. While highlighting historical drivers of GPN articulation, we advance the GPN framework by integrating a practice-based perspective on value making. Based on archival research, qualitative interviews and quantitative data, this contribution examines the historical and current commodification of wildlife in the Zambezi region in northeastern Namibia. Under the umbrella of the community-based natural resource management (CBNRM) policy, the postapartheid government allows the regulated harvesting of individual animals for hunting tourism. This policy mobilizes wildlife as an endogenous natural asset that is embedded in the region. As a consequence, local institutions emerge that enable strategic coupling processes with the global hunting industry to initiate development trajectories in the remote region. The historical perspective, however, reveals that former elites are able to take advantage of these newly emerging opportunities and maintain a powerful position in the GPN until today. The analysis shows three mechanisms that drive the valuation of nature: local institution building, quota making, and revenue sharing. We conclude that the valuation of nature is a way of mobilizing regional assets through strategic coupling and gains realized from this commodification are used to build local institutions that ensure ongoing valuation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Salud Uninorte is the property of Fundacion Universidad del Norte and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

La Pachamama representa una de las creencias indígenas con mayor vigencia en el mundo andino contemporáneo, sostenida sobre la imagen de una entidad tutelar que garantiza la reproducción biológica y social. En este trabajo, nos proponemos problematizar los elementos centrales que subyacen a la creencia y los procesos rituales vinculados con ella en distintas localidades del departamento de Cachi, a través de una metodología etnográfica. Pondremos el acento en la diversidad de manifestaciones o performances, sus aspectos simbólicos y materiales, por un lado, y la forma en que esas prácticas son interpeladas por los intereses y actores que emergen en el contexto actual, por otro. Las observaciones realizadas señalan que el turismo es un condicionante importante en la configuración de los rituales, junto con otros actores que emergen en la escena moderna. En virtud de ello, se distingue entre rituales del espacio público, abiertos a las demandas del mercado, y privado, sostenidos sobre la identidad y las memorias locales.

This paper analyzes the women's narratives about working in soup kitchens during the COVID-19 pandemic, in the city of Córdoba (Argentina), in 2020/2021. This research derives from a large study, which has a mixed methodological approach. The quantitative phase (n: 680 households) reveals asymmetric effects: the socio-segregated sectors had a higher risk of job loss or lower income than the rest of the population (63% vs 42.4%). The qualitative phase (n:10) shows that the food demand increased exponentially. The central contribution of the research is to show that -in a pandemic situation and against the advertising discourse- the possibility of accessing and using social networks was not only unequally according to social class, but that women from subaltern social classes dispute in action with the dominant ideological constructions about this notion of equality associated with technological mediatisation. In addition, some redefinitions of domestic space/time and collective tasks are observed during the period of confinement, given the increasing demands and obstacles, as well as the impact on the caring bodies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Surrogacy is an assisted reproductive technique that generates discrepancies among feminists. While liberal feminism defends surrogacy as a display of freedom, radical feminists and ecofeminists see this practice as a form of instrumentalization and exploitation of women. The article reflects on the social and philosophical implications of surrogacy, especially in relation to the commodification of motherhood and the impact of technoscientific logic on family bonds. Surrogacy has become popular due to infertility and the inclusion of LGBTIQ+ individuals, but its legality and regulation vary in different countries. The article analyzes the motivations behind the practice of surrogacy, distinguishing between gestational surrogacy, motivated by economic reasons, and altruistic surrogacy, motivated by empathy or the desire to help another person or couple. It is highlighted that, although valid contracts exist in some countries, the ethical and political debate on surrogacy continues to generate discussions, especially within the feminist movement. Liberal feminists tend to be more favorable towards surrogacy, while radical feminisms and ecofeminism are its main detractors. Concern is raised about the commodification of the mother's body and the technocratic manipulation of nature in surrogacy. Additionally, it is mentioned that gestational surrogacy based on economic motives can be seen as a form of exploitation of women in extreme poverty. The article analyzes the social and philosophical considerations of surrogacy. It is emphasized that companies dedicated to this business emphasize the happiness of the receiving couples, but do not focus on the well-being of the gestational women. It is mentioned that some companies use humanitarian language to generate empathy, but actually operate under a market logic, treating women as quality products. It is also mentioned that, although some women choose to be gestational surrogates for altruistic reasons, they are still used as a means for other couples to have children. The article discusses the emotional experience of women who offer their womb as gestational surrogates. These women establish an emotional connection with the intended parents, whom they consider as a couple and with whom they maintain a close relationship. However, once the baby is born, the intended parents often cut ties with the biological mother, which they consider a betrayal. Despite this, many of these women find comfort in the fact that their act of love was not in vain and celebrate the birthdays of the babies. The article also mentions the lack of studies on the psychological impact on these women and the comparisons made between surrogacy and prostitution. The article addresses the topic of surrogacy and its implications on family relationships. The case of Odette is mentioned, who gestated her cousin Melanie's baby, and how this experience was traumatic for her due to the treatment from her family and the separation from the child. Reflection is made on the identity of the child and the relationship with the gestational mother, as well as the influence of technical logic in these types of situations. The importance of family is highlighted as a non-transactional space where relationships are based on humanity and not on the market. The text presents the opinions of Horkheimer, Heidegger, and radical feminists on assisted reproductive techniques and surrogacy. Horkheimer warns that these techniques can lead to the loss of love and longing in family relationships. Heidegger argues that modern technology subjugates and dominates nature instead of caring for it and cultivating it. Radical feminists criticize the use of the female body as a reproductive object and warn about the objectification and exploitation of women in surrogacy. [Extracted from the article]

This article raises the hypothesis that in the twenty-first century in the city of Lima, the processes of commodification have generated changes in space production, urban expansion, and modalities of access to urban land for the lower-income sectors. Informal market auctions are replacing non-commercial mechanisms such as invasions and public land distribution programs. The methodology used was based on case studies and used quantitative and qualitative techniques. Among its conclusions, the city of Lima, between 2001 and 2018, has expanded by 91 % by illegal mechanisms, in which commercial transactions have greater weight than noncommercial ones. Growth occurs on non-productive nature public or communally owned land and the submarkets have a political character that without the participation of the authorities could not exist. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista E-mercatoria is the property of Universidad Externado de Colombia, Departamento de Derecho Comercial and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Sociologia, Problemas e Práticas is the property of Centro de Investigacao e Estudos de Sociologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

El acelerado crecimiento de hogares inquilinos en las principales urbes de Latinoamérica se ha dado a la par del decrecimiento de hogares propietarios desde finales de los noventa. Se observa que los hogares inquilinos se condensan en las zonas centrales de las ciudades donde se ha dado un proceso de densificación urbana y existe mayor sedimentación de la oferta de vivienda. En el Área Metropolitana de Mendoza (AMM), constituida como aglomerado de tamaño intermedio, también se reproduce este fenómeno denominado “proceso de inquilinización”. La configuración territorial de expansión urbana se expresa en la “mercantilización” de la ciudad, por la valorización y conversión del suelo urbano, en un negocio inmobiliario y financiero en el que la vivienda es un bien de cambio y su accesibilidad está asociada a la capacidad monetaria de cada hogar. Se analiza la realidad inquilina del AMM, con base en el crecimiento de la población entre periodos censales, y la distribución en el territorio urbano. El fenómeno de inquilinización se analiza por el nivel de vulnerabilidad socio habitacional de los hogares inquilinos sobre la relación entre los valores del alquiler y los ingresos de la población. La metodología es tipo inductivo-explicativo, y combina técnicas de análisis documental de fuentes primarias y secundarias, entrevistas y procesos de medición cuantitativa. Los datos se construyen por una consulta propia, información censal y de los portales inmobiliarios locales. Como resultado, se obtuvo que los departamentos centrales del AMM se encuentran mayoritariamente afectados por el proceso de inquilinización y mayor grado de vulnerabilidad.

The appropriation of spiritual and medical practices has become a significant topic among scholars and practitioners of Native American religions. Scholars often focus on New Age religion as the primary realm in which the commodification and appropriation of Indigenous religious beliefs, practices, and objects has occurred. Since the 1960s, practitioners of New Age religion have drawn on an eclectic array of spiritual practices, including those originating in Native American communities, for inspiration. Yet the commodification and appropriation of Native American practices began well before the dawning of the New Age. This article examines "Indian medicine companies," US-based patent medicine companies that developed and marketed Native American-themed medicinal products to the American public in the late nineteenth century. Examining facets of material culture produced by Indian medicine companies reveals the extent to which these business enterprises, in addition to peddling remedies, sold racialized narratives about Native American religion, culture, and history. Resumen: La apropiación de prácticas espirituales y médicas se ha convertido en un tema importante entre los estudiosos y practicantes de las religiones indígenas americanas. Los estudiosos suelen centrarse en la religión de la Nueva Era como el principal ámbito en el que se ha producido la mercantilización y apropiación de creencias, prácticas y objetos religiosos indígenas. Desde la década de 1960, los practicantes de la religión de la Nueva Era se han inspirado en una variedad ecléctica de prácticas espirituales, incluidas las originarias de las comunidades indígenas americanas. Sin embargo, la mercantilización y apropiación de las prácticas de los nativos americanos comenzó mucho antes de los albores de la Nueva Era. Este artículo examina las "Indian medicine companies", empresas de patentes médicas con sede en Estados Unidos que desarrollaron y comercializaron productos medicinales de temática indígena para el público estadounidense a finales del siglo XIX. El examen de las facetas de la cultura material producida por las compañías de medicina india revela hasta qué punto estas empresas comerciales, además de vender remedios, vendían narrativas racializadas sobre la religión, la cultura y la historia de los nativos americanos. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

La llamada gestación subrogada es una práctica cada vez más difundida en varios países del mundo. Tras las apariencias de una supuesta libertad de las mujeres para disponer libremente de su cuerpo, se esconde la realidad de una explotación de las mujeres pertenecientes a los grupos social y geográficamente más vulnerables, que tiene todas las características de una forma moderna de esclavitud puesta al servicio de conspicuos intereses económicos. Las raíces de este fenómeno se encuentran en una tradición secular de desvalorización de la mujer y de su corporeidad que ha impregnado las más diversas culturas y que aún hoy continúa, de forma latente, a pesar del reconocimiento oficial de su igual dignidad a nivel legal. Recepción: 15/07/22 | Aceptación: 06/01/23

Introduction: Capitalism as a prevailing mode of production at the planetary level has been reconfiguring and, for several decades, it has exhibited new patterns in its operation that impact all spheres of life in society, including education. Humanity is going through a historical moment in which that society was turned into a great market and public higher education began to be treated as «commodity». Objectives: Demonstrate that in the current moment of evolution of the capitalist system, higher education is being disputed, to turn it into another instrument at the service of capital. Method and Techniques: With a Latin American perspective, and using the Marxist-based critical historical method, the article uses a bibliographic review to address different macrostrategies that are impacting Public Higher Education in the Region and in the Costa Rican context. Results: Higher education today is being transfigured so that it ceases to be a public good, a social and universal right, and becomes one more commercial service. Conclusions: Constant fights for state budgets; an explosive growth of private sector institutions; accreditation systems that aim not only to blur the differences and tensions between the public sector and the private sector, but also to promote internationalization processes and the transnationalization of higher education at a regional and global level; injuries to university autonomy; as well as modifications in the working conditions of academic work; they are part of the contemporary trends that threaten the Latin American Public University. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Runa: Archivo para las Ciencias del Hombre is the property of Runa: Archivo para las Ciencias del Hombre and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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En este artículo, analizo discursivamente el caso del «rescate» de la extinta lengua muchik en la región peruana de Lambayeque. Propongo que se han configurado dos ideologías lingüísticas en el intento de la recuperación de la lengua. La primera es la ideología de la autenticidad, según la cual este idioma es representado como el idioma legítimo de los actuales descendientes de los legendarios mochicas y que es preciso traer del pasado para recuperar la esencia del pueblo muchik. La segunda es la ideología de la mercantilización, que instrumentaliza esta lengua como una etnomercancía al concebirla como un bien cultural atractivo para el consumo turístico. Esta investigación está enmarcada teóricamente dentro de la lingüística sociocultural y el construccionismo social. Ha seguido una metodología de tipo cualitativo, de aproximación interpretativa, y ha empleado el análisis del discurso como herramienta principal para el análisis de los datos.

El cambio normativo neoliberal interpela una nueva forma cultural que toma como nociones de sentido común los valores y modos de acción neoliberales. Estos nuevos marcos de acción permean en la manera de gobernar las poblaciones, así como en las subjetividades individuales, moldeando las estrategias de trasformación del sistema, la crítica, las formas de resistencia o la reivindicación de derechos. Entendemos que el emprendimiento social es un fenómeno que expone como se reproducen estas dinámicas y, por ello, en el artículo analizamos los datos recogidos mediante una investigación etnográfica en una incubadora de emprendedores sociales de la ciudad de Madrid, cómo median los marcos normativos neoliberales en la gestión del espacio, las dinámicas de trabajo y la creación de proyectos que buscan la trasformación social y la protección del medioambiente. Así, los emprendedores sociales que se dan cita en este espacio están llamados a elaborar sus proyectos dando preponderancia a los principios mercantiles sobre las aportaciones a la sociedad en general.

La creciente literatura sobre 'neoliberalización de la naturaleza' aún no presta la atención adecuada a la política de conservación y sus impactos. De manera similar, los estudios de conservación no ubican las políticas de conservación en el contexto de cambios sociales y económicos más amplios que definen al neoliberalismo. En esta introducción, esbozamos y analizamos, a través de una lente neoliberal, las formas en que la conservación agrega valor (si se permite la metáfora). Analizamos de manera comparativa una selección de estudios ubicados en diferentes áreas geográficas. Argumentamos que la neoliberalización implica la re-regulación de la naturaleza a través de formas de mercantilización, y que esto, a su vez, implica nuevos tipos de territorialización: la partición de recursos y paisajes de forma que controlan y, a menudo, excluyen a la población local. La territorialización es una forma claramente visible de nueva regulación, que con frecuencia crea nuevos tipos de valores y los pone a disposición de las élites nacionales y transnacionales. Por otro lado, la neoliberalización también ha coincidido con el surgimiento de nuevas redes que atraviesan las divisiones tradicionales del estado, las organizaciones no gubernamentales (ONG) y las empresas con fines de lucro. Estas redes están retóricamente unidas por ideologías neoliberales y se combinan de manera que alteran profundamente la vida de la población rural en áreas protegidas seleccionadas para la conservación de la biodiversidad. Argumentamos que la colección dispar de críticas sobre la neoliberalización de la naturaleza necesita estudios más fundamentados como los que aquí se presentan. Concluimos esta introducción con algunas recomendaciones tentativas para futuras investigaciones y políticas sobre la conservación neoliberal.

La presente conversación se divide en tres partes. Primero, discutimos por qué la conservación no es siempre una solución beneficiosa y por qué es necesario problematizar la Conservación convencional. En este sentido, Brockington argumenta que existe una historia clara y sólida dentro de las prácticas de conservación en muchos países, donde la conservación se asocia con la injusticia del desalojo y el despojo de la población local. Además, sostiene que tratar de separar los lugares para su conservación no puede ser una solución sostenible ya que el sistema capitalista, que es el principal causante de la destrucción, no se detiene. En la segunda parte, Brockington explica cómo las políticas neoliberales han cambiado, reforzado o transformado la forma en que entendemos la Conservación, de modo que la conservación neoliberal intenta encontrar formas de reducir el medio ambiente a simples mercancías. Finalmente, en la tercera parte, hablamos sobre qué ha mejorado y qué cambios son necesarios en la Conservación.

This work presents the results of a doctoral dissertation that aimed to analyze the implications of movements for the commodification and democratization of knowledge in Education. We herein present how knowledge, as an immaterial good, is born "free", and becomes a commodity through the commodification movement, which has been operating, with greater evidence, in the arts (music and cinema), in entertainment (games), in technology (softwares) and in science (scientific literature). For this demonstration, we go through the reflection on knowledge, the commodity, the commodity as knowledge, the history of this process and its concrete manifestations in our present time, whether through efforts to maintain the status quo or the creation of new legal mechanisms or technology for the continuity and expansion of this worldview. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Eutopía: Revista de Desarrollo Económico Territorial is the property of Eutopia: Revista de Desarrollo Economico Territorial and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This article develops the diversity tourist as an analytical figure to explore how middle-class whiteness emerges through encounters with racialized diversity in gentrifying urban space. Drawing on interviews with white middle-class Danish residents in Copenhagen's Nordvest district, I examine how whiteness takes shape through affective ambivalence and negotiations of proximity and distance. My informants live in Nordvest, but see themselves as privileged tourists. They perceive diverse Others as true locals whose presence not only stimulates and entertains them, but also facilitates self-development, increased awareness and inclusive pedagogy. Moreover, the local spaces and people of Nordvest represent a different or superior reality and promise an escape from white, gentrified Copenhagen. I collect these practices in the figure of the diversity tourist to show how a particular brand of Danish middle-class whiteness emerges through embracing diversity and reminiscing over one's own privileges vis-à-vis racialized, less advantaged people and spaces. I examine how, despite attempts at transcendence, this whiteness feels claustrophobic, finding itself in a limbo, trapped by its own gaze. The figure of diversity tourist contributes to studies of whiteness and gentrification, capturing how whiteness and intersectional privilege are enlaced in space and fueled by affective ambivalence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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La investigación sobre el turismo en pueblos indígenas está cobrando relevancia, lo anterior debido a que dichas localidades se han vinculado al turismo, a veces participando en la comercialización de su cultura considerada como atractivo turístico. Por ello, en este artículo se presentan los resultados de la investigación cualitativa que tuvo como objetivo analizar, desde una perspectiva emic, los procesos de cambio cultural promovidos por el turismo en los Centro Ecoturísticos Nahá y Top Che en la Selva Lacandona. Entre los resultados destacan que el turismo no es el principal motor de cambio cultural, que el contacto entre turistas y lacandones es limitado solo a unas familias y que en general se muestra un pueblo creativo, que se enfrenta activamente al devenir histórico para aprovechar las oportunidades que le da el turismo.

Desde hace casi cincuenta años, la política habitacional argentina se encuentra atravesada por una tensión entre las concepciones de la vivienda social como derecho social y como bien de acceso por el mercado (Barreto, 2021). Tras el fracaso de un nuevo intento de mercantilización del gobierno del presidente Macri (2015-2019), el gobierno del Frente de Todos promueve nuevamente una política habitacional más centrada en los derechos sociales, con variedad de enfoques en la conceptualización y abordaje de la problemática y una mayor jerarquización de la función en la estructura del gobierno, que implementó un conjunto de líneas-acciones con distintos propósitos y que padecieron vaivenes de índole política con cambios de autoridades y reformulaciones de áreas, de índole sanitaria causada por la pandemia de la COVID-19 y de índole económica, como consecuencia del fuerte marco de restricciones impuestas por el endeudamiento externo. El presente artículo, en continuidad con una saga de trabajos anteriores similares, reflexiona sobre estos cambios, vaivenes y restricciones estructurales, y concluye con los desafíos estructurales que quedan por delante para subsanar la profunda crisis habitacional que padece el país.

¿Qué sucede cuando una editorial de prestigio autodenominada “independiente”, con un público definido, se propone publicar un “best seller político” y ampliar su mercado de lectores? ¿Hay oposición entre las modalidades de producción de los grandes grupos y el resto de las editoriales? ¿Qué tensiones aparecen, teniendo en cuenta la historia de la editorial, la estructura de la empresa, su catálogo y sus agentes? Este trabajo se pregunta por el rol del editor de libros en el debate público y se focaliza en un caso: la editorial Siglo Veintiuno de Argentina y una de sus colecciones más recientes, Singular, que desde 2012 publica libros de coyuntura política escritos por autores del ámbito académico, periodístico y político. Valiéndonos de entrevistas a agentes de la editorial, así como de un análisis de su catálogo, exploramos cómo es el proceso que atraviesa una editorial de prestigio en su búsqueda de ampliar lectores, intervenir y competir en el campo editorial y el intelectual, en condiciones económicas y políticas particulares.

Resumen Las tecnologías de fertilización in vitro involucran una articulación tensa y contradictoria de sentidos hegemónicos establecidos en sistemas de creencias y normas respecto de la reproducción, la herencia genética, el parentesco, las identidades, las sexualidades, la naturaleza, lo sagrado, los cuerpos y el control y producción de la vida. A partir de experiencias etnográficas provenientes de entrevistas en profundidad realizadas entre los años 2007 y 2010 y entre 2017 y 2021 a trabajadoras en agencias de gestación por sustitución en Estados Unidos, profesionales vinculadas con los procedimientos en clínicas de fertilidad en Argentina y usuarios/as que acudieron a estas prácticas, este trabajo analiza las diferentes dimensiones y componentes que intervienen en los procedimientos de fertilización asistida: cuando las prácticas movilizan actores “aliados” al proyecto de paternidad y maternidad, las relaciones de poder y subalternidad resultan invisibilizadas en las transacciones. De forma simultánea, estas resultan imprescindibles para la producción material de las “parentalidades híbridas” en las que contextos particulares brindan interpretaciones y sensibilidades “situadas” en la trayectoria histórico-política argentina.

This article situates the Segunda Celestina by Feliciano de Silva in his historic context, especially in the context of the economic thinking of its time. The authors analyzes that the text offers different love models. The majority of the relationships in the text corresponds to an economized love which objectifies the other. In contrast to this economized love their appears an example of courtly love and one of pastoral love. The text concludes, then, that Silva's text is far from proclaiming medieval values, but participates in the 16th-century discussions of an increasing mercantilisation.

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Copyright of Education Policy Analysis Archives / Archivos Analíticos de Políticas Educativas / Arquivos Analíticos de Políticas Educativas is the property of Educational Policy Analysis Archives & Education Review and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In 2015, the Oregon Archaeological Society (OAS) presented statements to Oregon tribes and the Oregon Legislative Commission on Indian Services acknowledging the troubling history of OAS collecting activities and steps taken to transform the OAS, and sought guidance to address continuing tribal concerns. Tribes encouraged both the return of collections and increased public outreach efforts. Their guidance fueled increased effort by the Collection Recovery Committee (OASCRC), which has facilitated the return of five collections to tribal museums and university curation facilities and coordinated digital preservation of documents. The OAS may be the only avocational society in the United States actively engaged in such efforts, accomplished by a small group of volunteers. Case studies of collections, considerations involved in disposition, and the potential for repatriation and research are highlighted. The OAS seeks to halt dispersal and commodification of cultural objects and encourage academic research. Quick action can assure that the original collectors or descendants provide key site and location information. Educational opportunities can be rendered to the heritage community, and we are uniquely positioned to contribute to that service. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The concept of «accumulation by dispossession» was created by David Harvey to define a wide range of policies under the neoliberal mode of regulation beginning in the 1970s. The aim of this entry is to develop an explanation of its institutional framework (State theory, economic changes, regulatory scenarios) and its subjective figures (patterns of conduct, forms of belonging, new temporalities) in light of its fundamental processes: privatization and commodification, financialization, management and manipulation of the crisis, and state redistributions.

Los avances de las Tecnologías de la Información y la Comunicación (TIC) permiten acceder en tiempo real a una cantidad ingente de datos, a través de los cuales es posible conocer el comportamiento de hechos sociales. En este escenario, la actual pandemia por SARS-CoV-2 ha permitido, bajo cuestionables criterios de inmediatez y urgencia, circular información que genera realidad e impacta en la toma de decisiones; y, además, ha favorecido la apropiación del dato, exponiendo a las personas a violaciones de sus derechos fundamentales. Ambos asuntos son sensibles para América Latina y el Caribe, región que hoy se presenta no sólo como el epicentro de la pandemia sino también de las desigualdades. La contribución que desde la reflexión y deliberación bioética puede realizarse en esta materia, adquiere especial relevancia con vistas a generar un nuevo pacto para el tratamiento de los datos.