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Based on the human torso point cloud, this paper proposes a method from the 3D design of the corset to the 2D pattern expansion. The point cloud of the human body is obtained through 3D scanning. The human body model for research is constructed, and the 3D basic style design of the corset is carried out, based on the same style and different structural line design, and through the curved surface flattening platform to convert 3D into 2D patterns. The verification was made through a virtual simulation platform and physical production methods. This study enriches the application prospect of digital technology in clothing design. Our proposed solution provides a more intuitive wedding dress design method and improves fit and comfort. It can significantly reduce the difficulty of wedding pattern-making and improve the efficiency of wedding design. In addition, our proposed method is not only suitable for wedding dress design, but also other styles of clothing design.

This study created room-temperature fermented stinky sea bass (RFSB) and reported the first analysis of the dynamic changes in physicochemical properties, volatile compounds, and bacterial communities during the fermentation process. The texture of RFSB improved after fermentation, and proton freedom and mobility were reduced. The pH of sea bass increased, while the brightness and whiteness decreased with fermentation. The total concentrations of umami amino acids, pleasant-tasting amino acids, free amino acids, and guanosine-5′-monophosphate (GMP) significantly increased following fermentation, contributing to the freshness of RFSB. Twenty-eight flavor substances were detected during RFSB processing, including trimethylamine and indole, which may account for the stinky nature of RFSB. Tetragenococcus was positively correlated with texture, pH, GMP, and free amino acids of RFSB. Achromobacter, Staphylococcus, Corynebacterium, Tetragenococcus, and Kurthia were significantly correlated with RFSB flavoring substances. This study can be used to guide future research on starter screening.

Sports play an important role in daily life. Every year, thousands of people watch sports events on TV or on the Internet, in which football events attract more attention. The performance of a team may have a huge impact on its fan loyalty. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to explore whether the performance of a team will affect the loyalty of fans, and how to affect the loyalty of fans. Applying web crawler to collect spectators’ comments on the performance of the Chinese Men's National Football Team in the 2022 FIFA World Cup Qualification, word frequency analysis, semantic network analysis and emotional analysis on these comments, it was concluded that the factors that affect fan loyalty from high to low were: fan attitude loyalty factor, fan identity factor, fan behavior loyalty factor, fan satisfaction factor. It was believed that this study could provide a reference for managers to improve fan loyalty.

With the introduction of national carbon neutrality targets, carbon emission reduction actions in developed countries have become a hot topic as part of the international community's drive to take action to mitigate climate change. Carbon emission efficiency is an important indicator that can be used to measure progress toward carbon emission reduction targets. The relationship between green technology innovation and carbon emission efficiency has not been adequately studied, and the transmission mechanism is not yet clear. Based on the above research gaps, taking 32 developed countries that have proposed carbon neutral targets as research samples, this paper used spatial econometric models to explore the impact of green technology innovation on carbon emission efficiency and adopted spatial mediation model and spatial moderation model to analyze the transmission effects of economic development, urbanization, and financial development on environment-related green technology and carbon emission efficiency. This paper aimed to provide a policy basis for developed countries to mitigate carbon emissions and achieve carbon neutrality goals as soon as possible. The following results were obtained: (1) Luxembourg, Norway, and Switzerland were found to be efficient in terms of carbon emissions, while most developed countries were in an inefficient state. (2) Environment-related green technology innovation significantly improved carbon emission efficiency. (3) Economic development and urbanization had a mediating role on green technology innovation and carbon emission efficiency. In other words, green technology innovation could have an indirect impact on carbon emission efficiency by influencing economic development and urbanization. (4) Financial development could positively moderate the sensitivity of carbon emission efficiency to green technology innovation. Improving the level of green technology innovation is one way to improve carbon emission efficiency, and the mediating effect of economic development and urbanization can be used as a focus point to improve carbon emission efficiency. The pressure of carbon emission reduction can be moderated by finance development. The results of this study provide theoretical support that will assist developed countries in achieving their carbon neutrality targets.

Clinically frequently-used glutaraldehyde (GA)-crosslinked bioprosthetic valve leaflets (BVLs) are still curbed by acute thrombosis, malignant immunoreaction, calcification, and poor durability. In this study, an anticoagulant heparin-like biomacromolecule, sulfonated, oxidized pectin (SAP) with a dialdehyde structure was first obtained by modifying citrus pectin with sulfonation of 3-amino-1-propane sulfonic acid and then oxidating with periodate. Notably, a novel crosslinking approach was established by doubly crosslinking BVLs with SAP and the nature-derived crosslinking agent quercetin (Que), which play a synergistic role in both crosslinking and bioactivity. The double crosslinked BVLs also presented enhanced mechanical properties and enzymatic degradation resistance owing to the double crosslinking networks formed

Commercial biological valve leaflets (BVLs) crosslinked with glutaraldehyde (GA) are at risk of accelerating damage and even failure, owing to the high cell toxicity of GA, acute thrombosis, and calcification in clinical applications. In this study, a novel joint strategy of double crosslinking agents (dialdehyde pectin (AP) and carbodiimide) and heparin-loaded hydrogel coating was developed, endowing BVLs with excellent mechanical properties and multiple performances. Herein, AP played two essential roles, the crosslinking agent and the main component of the hydrogel coating. Both experimental and theoretical results indicated that the mechanical properties and stability of double-crosslinked BVLs were comparable to those of GA, and heparin loaded in hydrogel coating could improve the hemocompatibility of AP + EDC/NHS-PP. Further, cytocompatibility and

Problems currently plaguing the production of fresh and frozen shrimp food items include high cost and textural issues. In this study, fresh Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) and Alaska pollock surimi were combined in various ratios to create a combined fish-and-shrimp product that is economical to produce and possesses desirable qualities from both ingredients. The mixture was evaluated for brittleness, elasticity, color, degree of cross-linking, water holding capacity, and rheology. A 4:6 (mass) mixture ratio of pollock-to-shrimp exhibited the best gel properties, the highest degree of whiteness, significant protein denaturation, and the greatest structural stability. This study demonstrates a method for reducing the production cost of shrimp surimi products and reports an optimal ingredient ratio for new products.

The European Union (EU) Emissions Trading System is the most important means for the EU to achieve carbon neutrality, but it has been severely affected by the outbreak of COVID-19 in Europe, and carbon price have fluctuated sharply. Research on the driving factors of carbon price during this period will help maintain the stability of the carbon emissions trading market and promote the realization of carbon neutrality. This study selected the EU carbon allowance futures price as the research object and applied the Bai-Perron structural break test to analyze the factors that influences carbon price fluctuations using the Johansen cointegration technique and the Newey-West regression estimation. Studies have shown that the outbreak of COVID-19 and the "€750 billion green recovery plan" both had a significant impact on EU carbon price. Carbon price has also undergone significant structural changes. Under the influence of these two factors, the relationship between the level of economic development and carbon price displayed a short-term negative correlation. At the same time, oil price and interbank dismantling rates were also important factors affecting carbon price, while the impact of the clean development mechanism on carbon price was not significant. The study confirmed the effectiveness of the EU's "green recovery plan" in stabilizing the carbon market during the COVID-19 pandemic and will provide a reference for the formulation of economic recovery policies of countries around the world.

Background The technical and tactical diagnosis of table tennis is extremely important in the preparation for competition which is complicated by an apparent nonlinear relationship between athletes’ performance and their sports quality. The neural network model provides a high nonlinear dynamic processing ability and fitting accuracy that may assist in the diagnosis of table tennis players’ technical and tactical skill. The main purpose of this study was to establish a technical and tactical diagnosis model of table tennis matches based on a neural network to analyze the influence of athletes’ techniques and tactics on the competition results. Methods A three-layer Back Propagation (BP) neural network model for table tennis match diagnosis were established. A Double Three-Phase evaluation method produced 30 indices that were closely related to winning table tennis matches. A data sample of 100 table tennis matches was used to establish the diagnostic model (n = 70) and evaluate the predictive ability of the model (n = 30). Results The technical and tactical diagnosis model of table tennis matches based on BP neural network had a high-level of prediction accuracy (up to 99.997%) and highly efficient in fitting (R2 = 0.99). Specifically, the technical and tactical diagnosis results indicated that the scoring rate of the fourth stroke of Harimoto had the greatest influence on the winning probability. Conclusion The technical and tactical diagnosis model of table tennis matches based on BP neural network was highly accurate and efficiently fit. It appears that the use of the model can calculate athletes’ technical and tactical indices and their influence on the probability of winning table tennis matches. This, in turn, can provide a valuable tool for formulating player’s targeted training plans.

The main purpose of this study was to explore the impact of the wrist joint movement on the stroke effect, especially that of the angular velocity and linear velocity on the ball speed and spin spe...

This paper developed novel fermented stinky sea bass (FSSB) products and reports the first analysis of its taste active compounds, flavor compounds, and quality. The FSSB with Xian Hen stinky tofu (F-XH) had the best sensory quality. After fermentation, the texture of FSSB improved, and the umami amino and sweet amino acid contents significantly increased, whereas that of the bitter amino acids decreased. Moreover, the IMP content and EUC in FSSB increased significantly. Of the six key volatile flavor compounds distinguished, the key volatile flavor compounds of F-XH are Ethyl Acetate, Propan-2-ol, alpha-pinene, 2-methylbutanal, acetol, 4-Methylpentan-2-one. Ethyl Acetate and 2-propanol were thought to give F-XH its unique wine flavor after cooking. The quality evaluation results demonstrated that the six FSSB complied with the Chinese Standard (GB10136-2015) (2015) animal aquatic products. Six types of FSSB products with unique flavors were developed, and a reference was provided for their industrial application.

The digital economy is of great significant for countries to achieve carbon neutrality and carbon peak. Using country-level panel data from 2008 to 2018, this study empirically examined the impact of the development of the digital economy on carbon emissions and the associated transmission mechanisms by using the intermediary effect model. Our main findings are as follows. (1) The level of digital economy development varies greatly between countries, and the difference between "hyper-digitalized countries" and "under-connected countries" is increasingly obvious. (2) Development of the digital economy significantly reduces the carbon emission intensity, but promotes increases in the per capita carbon emissions. (3) Analysis shows that economic growth, financial development, and industrial structure upgrading play mediating roles between the digital economy and carbon emissions. Our study not only advances the study on digital economy and carbon emissions, but also provides a significant reference for policy makers to achieve carbon peak and carbon neutrality.

To conveniently and effectively cure heart valve diseases or defects, combined with transcatheter valve technology, bioprosthetic heart valves (BHVs) originated from the decellularized porcine pericardium (D-PP) have been broadly used in clinics. Unfortunately, most clinically available BHVs crosslinked with glutaraldehyde (GA) were challenged in their long-term tolerance, degenerative structural changes, and even failure, owing to the synergistic impact of multitudinous elements (cytotoxicity, calcification, immune responses, etc.). In this work, dialdehyde pectin (AP) was prepared by oxidizing the o-dihydroxy of pectin with sodium periodate. Hereafter, the AP-fixed PP model was obtained by crosslinking D-PP with AP with high aldehyde content (6.85 mmol g-1), for acquiring excellent mechanical properties and outstanding biocompatibility. To further improve the hemocompatibility of the AP-fixed PP, a natural and specific inhibitor of thrombin (hirudin) was introduced to achieve surface modification of the AP-fixed PP. The feasibility of crosslinking and functionalizing AP-fixed PP, which was a potential leaflet material of BHVs, was exhaustively and systematically evaluated. In vitro studies found that hirudin-loaded and AP-fixed PP (AP + Hirudin-PP) had synchronously achieved effective fixation of collagen, highly effective anticoagulation, and good HUVECs-cytocompatibility. In vivo results revealed that the AP + Hirudin-PP specimens recruited the minimum immune cells in the implantation experiment, and also presented an excellent anti-calcification effect. Overall, AP + Hirudin-PP was endowed with competitive collagen stability (compared with GA-fixed PP), excellent hemocompatibility, good HUVECs-cytocompatibility, low immunogenicity and outstanding anti-calcification, suggesting that AP + Hirudin-PP might be a promising alternative to GA-fixed PP and exhibited a bright prospect in the clinical applications of BHVs.

BACKGROUND: BTK, a non-receptor kinase in the B-cell receptor signaling pathway, plays an essential role in B-cell development and differentiation. BTK is critical for malignant B-cell survival. Oral BTK inhibitors (BTKis), standard treatments for patients (pts) with B-cell malignancies, prevent proliferation and induce apoptosis of B cells. Currently approved BTKis covalently bind to BTK residue C481, irreversibly inhibiting phosphorylation of downstream kinases and blocking B-cell activation. Because these agents are often given continuously, their use may lead to clinical resistance and unacceptable toxicities. Indeed, acquired resistance to covalent BTKis is common and caused by the expansion of clones with a cysteine-to-serine mutation at residue 481. A novel strategy being developed to overcome BTKi resistance, is PROTAC-induced degradation of BTK. PROTACs are small molecules with one domain that binds the target protein linked to another domain that binds to ubiquitin E3 ligase, resulting in ubiquitin-dependent proteasome degradation of the target protein. HSK29116 is a small BTK PROTAC molecule that is currently undergoing clinical investigation for the treatment of B-cell malignancies. In preclinical studies, HSK29116 overcame drug resistance caused by the C481S BTK mutation. Also, HSK29116 has demonstrated inhibition of B-cell proliferation without measurable loss of other BTK-family kinase activities. This kinase selectivity may limit some of the off-target toxicities seen with currently available BTKis. METHODS: This first-in-human, multicenter, open-label, phase 1 study (NCT04861779) began recruiting in 2021 to evaluate the safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics (PK), and pharmacodynamics of oral HSK29116. Eligible pts are ≥18 years old with diagnosis of a B-cell malignancy that has relapsed or become refractory to standard therapy (≥2 prior systemic therapies, which may have included a BTKi) and for which no other treatments known to provide clinical benefit exist. Pts must have an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status ≤2 and life expectancy >3 months. Phase 1a includes dose escalation to identify dose-limiting toxicities and establish the maximum tolerated dose and/or recommended dose of HSK29116 for a phase 1b dose expansion, initiating in the US. Approximately 36 pts will be enrolled in phase 1a and 90 pts in phase 1b (≥40 pts must have previously received covalent BTKis). The primary endpoint is safety. Secondary endpoints include PK and investigator-assessed overall response rate, duration of response, time to response, and progression-free survival. Exploratory analyses will evaluate the relationship between HSK29116 anti-tumor activity and BTK gene mutations, as well as BTK protein degradation effects of HSK29116. Descriptive statistics will be used to summarize all data. Citation Format: Jianyong Li, Wei Xu, Pangke Yan, Yong Cao, Mengyue Hu, William Daley. Phase 1 study of HSK29116, a Bruton tyrosine kinase (BTK) proteolysis-targeting chimera (PROTAC) agent, in patients with relapsed or refractory B-cell malignancies [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2023; Part 2 (Clinical Trials and Late-Breaking Research); 2023 Apr 14-19; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(8_Suppl):Abstract nr CT128.

Bone regeneration in large bone defects remains one of the major challenges in orthopedic surgery. Calcium polyphosphate (CPP) scaffolds possess excellent biocompatibility and exhibits good bone ingrowth. However, the present CPP scaffolds lack enough osteoinductive activity to facilitate bone regeneration at bone defects that exceed the critical size threshold. To endow CPP scaffolds with improved osteoinductive activity for better bone regeneration, in this study, a self-assembled coating with chitosan-grafted reduced graphene oxide (CS-rGO) sheets was successfully constructed onto the surface of CPP scaffolds through strong electrostatic interaction and hydrogen bonds. Our results showed that the obtained CPP/CS-rGO composite scaffolds exhibited highly improved biomineralization and considerable antibacterial activity. More importantly, CPP/CS-rGO composite scaffolds could drive osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs and significantly up-regulate the expression of osteogenesis-related proteins in vitro. Meanwhile, the CS-rGO coating could inhibit aseptic loosening and improve interfacial osseointegration through stimulating bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) to secrete more osteoprotegerin (OPG) and lesser receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL). Overall, the CS-rGO coating adjusts CPP scaffolds’ biological environment interface and endows CPP scaffolds with more bioactivity.

This study aims to investigate the reasons for the firmness of fish flesh and the easy separation of fish flesh after curing and fermentation processing of fermented sea bass (FSB) under pressure (approximately 0.02 kg/cm

Additional file 1: Appendix I. The Matlab code for the evaluation of the diagnostic model. Appendix II. The Matlab code for the application of the model (“Harimoto” case).

Energy Performance Contracting (EPC) is a significant business mechanism to reduce energy consumption of existing buildings. At present, there are three basic business models of EPC: Guaranteed-Savings Model, Shared-Savings Model and Energy Costs Hosting Model. We suppose that the Energy Costs Hosting Model, in which building owners, Energy Service Companies (ESCOs) and financial institutions can achieve optimal benefits, is the most suitable business model in the developing stage of EPC. We construct benefits distribution models which involve three stakeholders based on interval-valued fuzzy Shapley value, adjust these values according to the actual allocation of energy-saving benefits and compare the benefits of the three stakeholders in the three business models. We conclude that Energy Costs Hosting Model can bring the maximum benefits to these three stakeholders and the participation of governments and authoritative institutions of authentication and appraisal can solve two major problems: ‘unshared information’ and ‘lack of supervision system’.

The construction of ecological civilization has become necessary to ensure that emerging industrialized countries can achieve healthy and sustainable development under the background of tightening resource constraints, serious environmental pollution, and the deterioration of the ecological environment. In the case of China, one representative emerging industrialized economy, this paper builds an ecological civilization performance evaluation system to measure the efficiency of ecological civilization in 30 provinces and municipalities in China by using the data envelopment analysis (DEA) game cross-efficiency model. From the perspective of the “five-in-one” approach, and by taking full account of the three main bodies of government, enterprises and residents, this paper selects nine explanatory variables, namely industrial structure and degree of marketization (Economic perspective), government environmental risk awareness and government green actions (Political perspective), residents' happiness and corporate environmental responsibility (Social perspective), culture education investment (Cultural perspective), and green travel and ecological construction (Ecological perspective). Geographically Temporally Weighted Regression (GTWR) is used to analyze determinants of the Chinese ecological civilization performance. The results show that China's ecological civilization performance is low, and the efficiency ranking of most provinces fluctuates greatly. The regional development of China's ecological civilization performance presents a spatial distribution pattern that was high in the east and low in the west. The impact of various influencing factors on the China's ecological civilization performance is largely positive, and indicates regional characteristics. These results not only contribute to advancing the existing literature on ecological civilization performance evaluation, but also merit particular attention from policy makers in emerging industrialized countries.

Non Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) is currently the most common chronic liver disease in the world, encompassing various conditions ranging from simple steatosis, steatohepatitis, to fibrosis and cirrhosis. The association between NAFLD and Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) is strong and complex, given that the prevalence of NAFLD is particularly high in individuals with Type 2 Diabetes. In fact, insulin resistance occurring in this metabolic disease can promote NAFLD development, and vice versa, NAFLD can enhance insulin resistance. In this review, we focus on the mechanisms linking NAFLD and T2D, including fatty acid accumulation, inflammation, oxidative stress etc. We also discuss about situations showing a dissociation between steatosis and insulin resistance, in order to provide new insights for NAFLD therapeutic targets.

Multidrug resistance (MDR) has been recognized as a major obstacle to successful chemotherapy for cancer in the clinic. In recent years, more and more nanoscaled drug delivery systems (DDS) are constructed to modulate drug efflux protein (P-gp) and deliver chemotherapeutic drugs for overcoming MDR. Among them, d-α-tocopheryl polyethylene glycol succinate (TPGS) has been widely used as a drug carrier due to its capability of inhibiting overexpression of P-gp and good amphiphilicity favorable for improving permeation and long-circulation property of DDS. In the present work, a novel kind of mitochondria-targeting nanomicelles-based DDS is developed to integrate chemotherapeutics delivery with fluorescence imaging functionalities on a comprehensive nanoplatform. The mitochondria-targeting nanomicelles are prepared by self-assembly of triphenylphosphine (TPP)-modified TPGS and fluorescent carbon quantum dots (CQDs) in an n-hexane/H2O mixed solution, named CQDs-TPGS-TPP. Notably, although the drug loading content of doxorubicin (DOX) in the as-prepared nanomicelles is as low as 3.4%, the calculated resistant index (RI) is greatly decreased from 66.23 of free DOX to 7.16 of DOX-loaded nanomicelles while treating both parental MCF-7 cells and drug-resistant MCF-7/ADR cells. Compared with free DOX, the penetration efficiency of DOX-loaded nanomicelles in three-dimensional multicellular spheroids (MCs) of MCF-7/ADR is obviously increased. Moreover, the released DOX from the nanomicelles can cause much more damage to cells of drug-resistant MCs. These results demonstrate that our constructed mitochondria-targeting nanomicelles-based DDS have potential application in overcoming MDR of cancer cells as well as their MCs that mimic in vivo tumor tissues. The MDR-reversal mechanism of the DOX-loaded CQDs-TPGS-TPP nanomicelles is also discussed.

Dried shrimp is one of the most widely consumed aquatic products, with a pleasant flavor profile. The flavor profiles of shrimp samples at different process stages (raw, boiled, dried for 2 h, and dried for 4 h) was obtained using the electronic nose (e-nose), gas chromatography (GC)-ion mobility spectrometry (GC-IMS), and GC-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) combined with solid-phase microextraction. The odor activity value (OAV) was calculated to determine aroma-active compounds. According to the PCA scoring plot of e-nose, the aroma profiles of boiled and dried shrimp were similar, except for that of raw shrimp. GC-IMS could efficiently distinguish shrimp samples and establish a flavor fingerprint for dried shrimp. Quantity analysis findings showed that boiling significantly enhanced the total content of volatile compounds from 193.62 ng/g to 387.65 ng/g in shrimp. In boiled shrimp, 1-octene-3-ol, octanal, and hexanal were identified as aroma-active compounds. Trimethylamine and pyrazines were mainly produced during the drying period, and pyrazines considerably increased by 47.16 ng/g in the later drying period. 2-Ethyl-5-methyl-pyrazine, octanal, trimethylamine, 1-octene-3-ol, and hexanal majorly contributed to the flavor of dried shrimp. These results indicate that the boiling and later drying periods are vital stages for enhancing flavor quality.

In this study, the effects of three groups of oleogels comprising 10 wt% beeswax as the gelator and different proportions of rapeseed and fish oils on the structures of surimi gels were investigated. X-ray diffraction revealed that the crystal structures of the oleogels were mainly dependent on the presence of the beeswax, where the oleogels formed via molecular association into crystalline structures. Texture profile analysis indicated that all studied oleogels comprehensively improved the textures of the surimi gels. The water holding capacities of the oleogel based surimi gels were significantly higher (p

This paper presents a new formulation for the dynamic economic emission dispatch (DEED) based on robust optimizaiton (RO) and bi-level programming (BLP) in the background of large-scale wind power connected into power grid. RO is adopted to model the uncertainty of wind power output which varies within a bounded interval obtained by prediction. Considering that the feasible region of the optimization problem is likely to be empty due to the high uncertainty of wind power output, a slack varible - the reduction of the upper bound of the predicted wind power output interval - is introduced into the model to guarantee the security of the power system. To reflect the premise that the renewable energy should be fully utilized, the proposed model presents a BLP framework, in which the leader level pursuits the minimal fuel cost and emission simultaneously, and the follower level seeks for the minimal interval reduction of wind power output. A solution methodology in a nested framework based on the improved teaching-learning-based optimization (TLBO) algorithm and linear programming (LP) is proposed to solve the nonlinear BLP problem. In addition, a constraint handling technique is introduced to enforce the feasiblity of solutions. The proposed model and the solution methodology are applied to three cases with different ratios of wind power to evaluate their efficiency and feasibility.

We report on a novel Cu