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Extramedullary infiltration (EMI) is a concomitant manifestation that may indicate poor outcome of acute myeloid leukemia (AML). The underlying mechanism remains poorly understood and therapeutic options are limited. Here, we employed single-cell RNA sequencing on bone marrow (BM) and EMI samples from a patient with AML presenting pervasive leukemia cutis. A complement C1Q+ macrophage-like leukemia subset, which was enriched within cutis and existed in BM before EMI manifestations, was identified and further verified in multiple patients with AML. Genomic and transcriptional profiling disclosed mutation and gene expression signatures of patients with EMI that expressed high levels of C1Q. RNA sequencing and quantitative proteomic analysis revealed expression dynamics of C1Q from primary to relapse. Univariate and multivariate analysis demonstrated adverse prognosis significance of C1Q expression. Mechanistically, C1Q expression, which was modulated by transcription factor MAF BZIP transcription factor B, endowed leukemia cells with tissue infiltration ability, which could establish prominent cutaneous or gastrointestinal EMI nodules in patient-derived xenograft and cell line–derived xenograft models. Fibroblasts attracted migration of the C1Q+ leukemia cells through C1Q–globular C1Q receptor recognition and subsequent stimulation of transforming growth factor β1. This cell-to-cell communication also contributed to survival of C1Q+ leukemia cells under chemotherapy stress. Thus, C1Q served as a marker for AML with adverse prognosis, orchestrating cancer infiltration pathways through communicating with fibroblasts and represents a compelling therapeutic target for EMI.

The capital market considers the corporate governance system when evaluating and investing in firms to cope with changes and challenges from firm internationalization. In response to the need for global economic development, Taiwan firms have enhanced their competitiveness to meet international standards and link with the world economy. A good corporate governance mechanism can bring good operating performance to a firm. The cash dividends declared each year reflects the operating status of the firm and explains its profitability and value each year, providing relevant and significant information for institutional and ordinary investors to make investment decisions. This study took Taiwan listed firms as the research object. Based on the annual data from 2005 to 2019 in the enterprise business database of the Taiwan Economic Journal, constructed a panel data regression model combining time-series and cross-sectional data. The aim was to empirically investigate and analyze the correlation of firm internationalization, corporate governance, and financial performance indicators with corporate cash dividend payouts. The findings showed that after the variables of firm internationalization, financial performance, and corporate governance were combined, the export ratio (a variable representing firm internationalization) positively impacted corporate dividend payouts. In other words, the higher degree of internationalization, the more cash dividends paid by the firm. In corporate governance, a firm with a higher shareholding ratio of financial institutions showed significantly more cash dividends. Regarding financial performance indicators, a firm with higher recurring earnings per share showed significantly fewer cash dividends

Atopic dermatitis is a common chronic pruritic inflammatory disease of the skin involving neuro-immune communication. Neuronal mechanism-based therapeutic treatments remain lacking. We investigated the efficacy of intravenous lidocaine therapy on atopic dermatitis and the underlying neuro-immune mechanism.Pharmacological intervention, immunofluorescence, RNA-sequencing, genetic modification and immunoassay were performed to dissect the neuro-immune basis of itch and inflammation in atopic dermatitis-like mouse model and in patients.Lidocaine alleviated skin lesions and itch in both atopic dermatitis patients and calcipotriol (MC903)-induced atopic dermatitis model by blocking subpopulation of sensory neurons. QX-314, a charged NaNa

Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) are initiated and sustained by self-renewing malignant CD34

An adaptive control of DPWM implementable in clamped-three-level inverters with two strings of photovoltaic (PV) panels in cascaded connection is proposed in this paper. The proposed modulation is developed based on the so-called circuit-level decoupling concept. It is able to provide balance line voltage even under unbalanced dc links. The unequal dc voltages appeared due to asymmetric maximum point of power trackings (MPPTs) are controlled by proper injection of zero-sequence voltage to the common mode voltage, while the total dc voltage is regulated based on the voltage commands generated by the MPPT of each string. Thus, both PV strings are able to be operated based on their MPPTs while there is almost no low-order harmonic distortion at the inverter output current. Compared with the previous methods, the high capability of the proposed method is evaluated by simulation study and experimental tests.

This paper investigates the open-circuit faults of switching devices in the three-level T-Type inverter and proposes a new tolerant control method. The three-phase current and variation of the neutral-point voltage are detected to determine the fault switch. A carrier-based pulse width modulation is developed to tolerate switch fault by transiting from three-level to two-level switching. This makes the modulation scheme easier to be implemented compared to space vector modulation. For the neutral-point fault, the fault phase is operated by two-level modulation to produce the same rating voltage. On the other hand, the inverter is able to produce balanced voltage with reduced rating by keeping the phase of half-bridge fault to the neutral-point voltage. The neutral-point voltage is also able to be balanced by using two-level modulation since it does not contribute the neutral-point current. The performance and effectiveness of the proposed tolerant control are verified by a laboratory build.

In order to improve electrical characteristics of FinFETs, various annealing treatments for dopant activation were studied in this work. The treatments including rapid thermal annealing (RTA), microwave annealing, and RTA-and-laser annealing with different powers were investigated. The on-current and carrier mobility of FinFET are significantly improved by a RTA-and-laser annealing with suitable power; meanwhile, the leakage current, interface characteristics and device reliability can be simultaneously maintained. The improvement can be attributed to the high thermal activation energy, less dopant diffusion, and enhanced quality of interfacial layer during the gate first processes. Therefore, a RTA-and-laser annealing with suitable power is promising for manufacturing high performance FinFET. Display Omitted Electrical characteristics of FinFETs with various annealing treatments are studied.Rapid thermal, microwave, and rapid thermal-and-laser annealing with different powers are compared.The on-current and electron mobility are enhanced by a RTA-and-laser annealing with suitable power.The improvement can be attributed to better dopant activation and less damage on gate dielectric.

Electrical characteristics of Ge buried channel FinFETs with interfacial layer (IL) treated by CF4, NH3, and H2 plasma were studied in this work. Although Ge buried channel and plasma treatments on ILs have been reported, their applications on FinFETs are not seen. Experimental results show that higher on-current and on/off current ratio of FinFETs are achieved by CF4 plasma treatment owing to higher fraction of the tetragonal HfO2. FinFETs with NH3 and H2 plasma treatments show smaller subthreshold swing values and better reliability characteristics. The improvement may be attributed to the ILs with good quality. Display Omitted Ge buried channel FinFETs with interfacial layer (IL) treated by F/N/H-based plasma were studied.Higher on-current and on/off current ratio of FinFET are achieved by CF4 plasma treatment on IL.The improvement can be owing to higher fraction of the tetragonal HfO2.NH3 and H2 plasma treated samples show smaller S.S. and better reliability due to good quality ILs.

COVID-19 suddenly outbreak not only pose a threat to people's life and health, but also interfere with the development of national economy in our country. To investigate the outbreak of the impact of tourism, we choose Beijing as the aim of the research, using autoregressive model, Fourier series model and VAR model. Finally, according to the forecast results, we concluded that outbreak brought direct effects to the Beijing tourism, but with the outbreak under control, under the condition of government's expansionary policies, tourism economy gradually back on track. © The Authors, published by EDP Sciences, 2021.

The three-level T type inverter has been extensively used in photovoltaic (PV) generation. Various PV panels in cascaded connection normally require unequal dc voltage to accomplish separate maximum power point tracking (MPPT). This paper proposes a DPWM-controlled three-level T type inverter for two strings of PV panels in cascaded connection. The proposed modulation is developed based on the so-called circuit-level decoupling principle so that the inverter is able to generate balanced line voltage even in unequal dc voltage. The different dc voltages of PV strings are controlled by injection of zero-sequence voltage while total dc voltage is regulated to control the real power of the inverter. Thus both PV strings are able to operate at their respective MPPT while there is almost no low-order harmonic distortion at the inverter output. The proposed method was experimentally evaluated.

On the basis of introducing the development of WebRTC technology and the application type of traditional video communication, this paper proposed a new video communication system based on WebRTC and discussed the frame designing and working process in detail. This system can overcome the shortcomings of complicated deployment, cockamamie operations for users, protocol without openness or standard, etc. It does have a better user experience.

Tumor local invasion is the first step of metastasis cascade which remains the key obstacle for cancer therapy. Collective cell migration plays a critical role in tumor invading into surrounding tissues. In vitro assays fail to assess collective invasion in a real time manner. Herein we aim to develop a three-dimensional (3D) microfluidic cell invasion model to determine the dynamic process. In this model, collective invasion of breast cancer cells is induced by the concentration gradient of fetal bovine serum. We find that breast cancer cells adopt a collective movement rather than a random manner when the cells invade into extracellular matrix. The leading cells in the collective movement exhibit an increased expression of an Aurora kinase family protein - AURKA compared with the follower cells. Inhibition of AURKA kinase activity by VX680 or AKI603 significantly reduces the phosphorylation of ERK1/2 (Thr202/Tyr204) and collective cohort formation. Together, our study illustrates that AURKA acts as a potential therapeutic target for suppressing the process of tumor collective invasion. The 3D microfluidic cell invasion model is a reliable, measurable and dynamic platform for exploring potential drugs to inhibit tumor collective invasion.

Background This study aimed to explore the active oxygen scavenging mechanism of Kandelia candel, in order to provide a theoretical basis for further analysis on the physiological mechanism of salt tolerance in mangrove plants. Different concentrations of NaCl solution (0, 150, 300 and 450 mmol/L) were used for salt stress treatments on Kandelia candel, physiological indicators in the root of Kandelia candel were measured in different processing time. Results With the increase of salt concentrations and processing time, the contents of total proteins in the root of Kandelia candel were reduced; the CAT activity, SOD activity, ASA content and MDA content all had decreased with the increase of salt concentrations and shown a trend from ascent to descent with the increase of processing time, the peak of ASA and MDA contents were observed at 6 h, that of SOD activity was observed at 9 h and that of CAT activity was at 12 h; POD activity had shown an overall upward trend with the increase of salt concentrations and processing time, which reached the maximum at 24 h; the variations of these physiological indicators were more significant in high concentrations of NaCl solution (450 mmol/L). Conclusions A certain salt concentration (Kandelia candel seedlings. At the early stage of high-salt stress, Kandelia candel can rapidly activate antioxidant defense system to resist the salt induced oxidative stress, thus reducing the damages of oxidative stress to plasma membrane, which might be an effective means for Kandelia candel to resist high salt stress.