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Circular RNA (circRNA) is a novel class of noncoding RNAs, and the roles of circRNAs in the development of cardiac hypertrophy remain to be explored. Here, we investigate the potential roles of circRNAs in cardiac hypertrophy. By circRNA sequencing in left ventricular specimens collected from 8-week-old mice with isoproterenol hydrochloride-induced cardiac hypertrophy, we found 401 out of 3323 total circRNAs were dysregulated in the hypertrophic hearts compared with the controls. Of these, 303 circRNAs were upregulated and 98 were downregulated. Moreover, the GO and KEGG analyses revealed that the majority of parental gene of differentially expressed circRNAs were not only related to biological process such as metabolic process and response to stimulus, but also related to pathway such as circulatory system and cardiovascular diseases. On the other hand, total 1974 miRNAs were predicted to binding to these differentially expressed circRNAs, and the possible target mRNAs of those miRNAs were also predicted and analyzed in terms of functional annotation. Finally, we identified that ANF and miR-23a are downstream targets of circRNA wwp1, suggesting that circRNA wwp1 exerts inhibitory roles of cardiac hypertrophy via down-regulation of ANF and miR-23a, which underlying the potential mechanisms whereby circRNA regulates cardiac hypertrophy.

Yellowhead catfish (Tachysurus fulvidraco) is an important aquaculture fish species in China with a high market value. Infectious diseases pose serious threats in farmed fish species, and although vaccines can prevent certain infections, they rely on potent adjuvants. In this study, we analyzed the transcriptomic profiles of spleens from poly (I:C)-treated T. fulvidraco. We obtained 46,362,922 reads corresponding to 490,926 transcripts and 318,059 genes. Gene annotation using different databases and subsequent differential gene expression analyses led to the identification of 5587 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), of which 2473 were up-regulated and 3114 were down-regulated in poly (I:C)-treated fish. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analyses of DEGs revealed the significant dysregulation of immune- and cancer-related genes in the spleens of poly (I:C)-treated fish. Notably, several components of JAK-STAT, MAPK, and p53 signaling pathways were significantly dysregulated in response to poly (I:C) treatment. Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) analysis of 11 randomly selected immune response genes confirmed the reliability of our findings. In conclusion, our findings provide novel insight into the immune responses of T. fulvidraco and suggest that poly (I:C) may represent a promising adjuvant of fish vaccines.

In this paper, a non-mechanical axial zoom scanning method based on a phase only liquid crystal spatial light modulator is proposed. This novel method is to overcome the measurement error caused by moving mechanical parts in the axial mechanical scanning methods in the confocal microscopy system. The modulation on the incident wave front is completed by a spatial light modulator, which provides this scanning method some outstanding advantages including the flexibility of control and the absence of moving mechanical parts, especially suitable for the fixed sample imaging occasions. By simulating the multiple Fresnel lens with LCSLM to generate controllable multi-focal points and thus realizing this method of axial multi-focus scanning to enhance the axial scanning efficiency and the range. Simulations and experiments on the axial scanning features of the axial multi-focus zoom scanning method are carried out. Results of simulations and experiments indicate that non-mechanical axial zoom scanning can be realized with the use of a spatial light modulator in the confocal microscopy system.

Although cardiac hypertrophy is widely recognized as a risk factor that leads to cardiac dysfunction and, ultimately, heart failure, the complex mechanisms underlying cardiac hypertrophy remain incompletely characterized. The nuclear receptor peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor δ (PPARδ) is involved in the regulation of cardiac lipid metabolism. Here, we describe a novel PPARδ-dependent molecular cascade involving microRNA-29a (miR-29a) and atrial natriuretic factor (ANF), which is reactivated in cardiac hypertrophy. In addition, we identify a novel role of miR-29a, in which it has a cardioprotective function in isoproterenol hydrochloride-induced cardiac hypertrophy by targeting PPARδ and downregulating ANF. Finally, we provide evidence that miR-29a reduces the isoproterenol hydrochloride-induced cardiac hypertrophy response, thereby underlining the potential clinical relevance of miR-29a in which it may serve as a potent therapeutic target for heart hypertrophy treatment.

Computer Aided Design, referred to as CAD combining with each other modern project management theory currently is the mainstream of project management used in the construction industry. But with the continuous improvement of the complexity of the architectural design the drawbacks of the mainstream construction management has become more and more apparent. Under the circumstances, proposing the theory of BIM, shorter form of Building Information Modeling, opened up a new path for the project management informatization to continue developing. In this paper, based on the current BIM development trends and our own construction industry development laws, through a brief review of the development of CAD technology and BIM technology development history, put forward which construction industry issues the BIM can solve. And then based on comparing the research status in home and abroad and analysising the existing questions to develop BIM, improve the traditional project management model and build the proper 3D BIM project management processes.

Aiming at the shortcomings of mechanical scanning methods, non-mechanical scanning method is proposed. A zoom illuminating lens which has multiple focal points is realized by introducing Liquid Crystal Spatial Light Modulator (LC-SLM) into the confocal illumination light path, and thus it produces the multifocal zoom lens axially. The axial optical sectioning in a conventional confocal microscope is achieved by beam scanning rather than mechanically moving the objective lens, which enhances the capacity of chromatography and improves the scanning speed with greater accuracy. To generate and shift the multiple axial focal points, the modulation phase bitmaps of LC-SLM is changed. Simulation results further show that multifocal axial confocal beam scanning replacing mechanical scanning can therefore be implemented.