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Single biofilm biomimetic nanodrug delivery systems based on single cell membranes, such as erythrocytes and cancer cells, have immune evasion ability, good biocompatibility, prolonged blood circulation, and high tumor targeting. Because of the different characteristics and functions of each single cell membrane, more researchers are using various hybrid cell membranes according to their specific needs. This review focuses on several different types of biomimetic nanodrug-delivery systems based on composite biofilms and looks forward to the challenges and possible development directions of biomimetic nanodrug-delivery systems based on composite biofilms to provide reference and ideas for future research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Conductive polymer composites are highly demanded for practical application in electromagnetic interference shielding and Joule heating owing to their excellent flexibility and adjustable conductivity. Herein, a thin film with a gradient structure, comprising carbon nanotube/castor oil‐based waterborne polyurethane (CNT/WPU), has been fabricated through solution mixing utilizing casting technology. Scanning electron microscopy images confirm that CNTs are enriched at the top of the obtained CNT/WPU film, leading to a low resistance value. Consequently, the resultant gradient CNT/WPU films exhibit shielding effectiveness, specific shielding effectiveness, and an absorption coefficient of 22.8 dB, 1091 dB/cm, and 0.697, respectively, indicating a predominance of absorption in the shielding capacity. The temperature at the surface of the resultant gradient CNT/WPU film reaches ~77°C at a voltage of 20 V. The film with a CNT content of 14.1 wt% exhibits a good stress of 11.7 MPa and a high module of 39.9 MPa. Therefore, the obtained CNT/WPU films can be applied as thin shielding materials or coating. Highlights: Fabricating a gradient CNT/castor oil–based waterborne polyurethane films.Exhibiting shielding effectiveness of 22.8 dB and A‐value of 0.697.Steady‐state temperature of CNT/WPU reaches 77°C at 20 V.Possessing green EMI shielding capability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL)-induced endothelial dysfunction in human vascular endothelial cells contributes to the development of atherosclerosis. E64d, a cysteine protease inhibitor, blocks the elastolytic activity of cathepsin essential for vascular matrix remodeling and reduces neurovascular endothelial apoptosis. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects and the underling mechanisms of E64d on ox-LDL-induced endothelial dysfunction in human aortic endothelial cells (HAECs). HAECs were treated with various concentrations of ox-LDL (0-200 mg/L) for 24 h with or without E64d. The results showed that E64d attenuated ox-LDL-induced increase in soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1) concentration and reduction in endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) expression, prevented ox-LDL-induced reduction in cell viability and migration ability of HAECs. E64d decreased the protein expression of cathepsin B (CTSB), Beclin 1, and microtubuleassociated protein light chain 3 (LC3)-II, but not p62. LC3 puncta and autophagosome formation were also reduced by E64d in HAECs. Moreover, E64d decreased the production of MDA and increased the activity of SOD. The results showed that E64d ameliorated ox-LDL-induced endothelial dysfunction in HAECs. Key words: E64d, endothelial dysfunction, ox-LDL, autophagy, HAECs, atherosclerosis, oxidative stress. Le dysfonctionnement endothelial provoque par les lipoproteines de basse densite oxydees (ox-LDL) dans les cellules endotheliales vasculaires humaines contribue a la formation de l'atherosclerose. L'E64d, un inhibiteur de la cysteine protease, entraine une inhibition de l'activite elastolytique de la cathepsine essentielle au remodelage de la matrice vasculaire et l'attenuation de l'apoptose endotheliale neurovasculaire. Ces travaux avaient comme objectif d'etudier les effets et les modes d'action sous-jacents de l'E64d sur le dysfonctionnement endothelial provoque par les ox-LDL dans des cellules endotheliales d'aortes humaines (ou HAEC Pour << human aortic endothelial cells >>). Nous avons expose les HAEC a diverses concentrations d'ox-LDL (0 a 200 mg/L) pendant 24 h avec ou sans E64d. Les resultats ont montre que l'E64d attenuait l'augmentation des concentrations de molecule 1 d'adherence intercellulaire soluble (ou sICAM-1 pour << soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 >>) provoquee par les ox-LDL et la diminution de l'expression de l'oxyde nitrique synthase endotheliale (ou eNOS pour << endothelial nitric oxide synthase >>), prevenait la reduction de la viabilite des cellules provoquee par les ox-LDL et la capacite de migration des HAEC. L'E64d entrainait une diminution de l'expression proteique de cathepsine B (CTSB), de la proteine Becline 1 et de la proteine LC3-II (<< light chain 3 >>) associee aux microtubules, mais pas de la proteine p62. L'E64d entrainait aussi une diminution de la formation d'autophagosomes et de punctas de LC3 dans les HAEC. De plus, l'E64d entrainait une diminution de la production de MDA et une augmentation de l'activite de la SOD. Les resultats ont montre que l'E64d permettait d'attenuer le dysfonctionnement endothelial provoque par les ox-LDL dans les HAEC. [Traduit par la Redaction] Mots-cles: E64d, dysfonctionnement endothelial, ox-LDL, autophagie, HAEC, atherosclerose, stress oxydatif., Introduction Atherosclerosis, the leading cause of death and morbidity worldwide, is a disease characterized by imbalanced lipid metabolism and chronic inflammation (Weber and Noels 2011). Endothelial cells cover the inner [...]

Multifunctional polymer-based electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding foams are attracting considerable attention owing to their ability to mitigate increasing electromagnetic-wave pollution. However, developing robust foams with excellent EMI shielding capabilities and superior thermal insulation properties remains challenging. Herein, CoFe2O4@carbon nanotube/polydimethylsiloxane/expandable polymer microsphere (CFO@CPE) foams were successfully prepared using a combination procedure involving solution mixing, freeze-drying, and hot-press molding. The synergistic effect of the porous structure and segregated magnetic/conductive network enabled the CFO@CPE foam to exhibit a shielding effectiveness of 48.85 dB and a low thermal conductivity of 0.106 W/(m·K). In addition, the impact and compressive strengths of the obtained foams reached 3.78 kJ/m2 and 8.17 MPa, respectively. These features support the application of the resultant foam as an EMI shielding material in complex practical situations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]