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Based on the quantum electrodynamics and using Einstein’s coefficient and Planck’s energy density, the stimulated emission cross section was given. The measured absorption of 0.5 at. % Nd-doped Nd:GdVO[sub 4] crystal was compared to the Judd–Ofelt (JO) theory. When applied, the JO theory of parity-forbidden electric–dipole transitions of rare-earth ions on noncentrosymmetric site lacking inversion symmetry demonstrates good agreement. An absorption band around 808 nm is suitable to match laser diode pumping. The branching ratio of the fluorescence emission and stimulated emission cross section at the emissive wavelength of 1064 nm are of great advantage to produce a laser output. © 2001 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Examines spectral parameters of neodymium-doped yttrium orthovanadate (NYV) crystals. Absorption spectrum of neodymium ions doped in NYV; Width of the absorption band; Line intensity of the absorption spectrum of NYV.

OBJECTIVE: Globally, a great number of elderly suffer from osteoporosis, especially postmenopausal women. Osteoporosis results in low bone mineral density (BMD) and high risk of fragility fracture. However, there is no defined strategy to select the most suitable anti-osteoporotic drugs for osteoporosis patients. Therefore, this study aims to select the most effective anti-osteoporotic drug for postmenopausal women with osteoporosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Literature search was conducted in PubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library. Raw data from the related randomized clinical trials were extracted. A pairwise and network meta-analysis model was utilized to assess the efficacy of ten drugs on the percentage change of BMD in the lumbar spine and total hip from baseline to one year of treatment. Risks of vertebral fracture and non-vertebral fracture were evaluated as well. We reported the effect size with a weighted mean difference (WMD) for continuous outcomes and odds ratio (OR) for dichotomous outcomes. All the drugs were ranked based on the surface under the cumulative ranking curve (SUCRA) value. Furthermore, the heterogeneity, consistency and publication bias of enrolled literature were assessed. RESULTS: With regard to lumbar spine BMD, the ten selected drugs all showed significant efficacy compared with placebo. In regard to total hip BMD and vertebral fracture, with the exception of calcitonin, the remaining nine drugs all showed significant efficacy compared with placebo. Six drugs -- abaloparatide, alendronate, risedronate, strontium ranelate, teriparatide, and zoledronate -- were significantly more effective compared with placebo for the treatment of non-vertebral fractures. As the SUCRA values indicated, abaloparatide performed the best on improving lumbar spine BMD, vertebral fracture and non-vertebral fracture, while denosumab was the best choice to improve total hip BMD. CONCLUSIONS: To sum up, abaloparatide, denosumab, and teriparatide showed the best efficacy for the treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis, especially abaloparatide. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

OBJECTIVE: In this study, we aimed to explore prognostic value of MASTL (microtubule-associated serine/threonine kinase- like) in breast cancer patients on the basis of ER status and molecular subtypes. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The raw microarray data (GDS5666) of 4T1 derived bone-aggressive explant and primary tumor explant were reanalyzed to identify the dysregulated genes. To pool previous annotated genomic data that assessed the association between MASTL expression and metastatic relapse (MR) risk, MR-free survival, any event (AE, defined as any relapse or death) risk, and AE-free survival in breast cancer patients, a meta-analysis was performed by bc-GenExMiner 4.0. RESULTS: MASTL is a significantly upregulated gene in 4T1 bone-aggressive explant compared to primary tumor explant. Univariate Cox analysis showed that high MASTL expression is associated with a higher risk of MR (HR: 1.43, 95%CI: 1.28-1.60; p<0.001) and a higher risk of AE (HR: 1.27, 95%CI: 1.18-1.37; p<0.001) in ER+ breast cancer. Also, high MASTL expression also predicts a worse MR-free survival (HR: 1.74, 95%CI: 1.40-2.17; p<0.001) and a worse AE-free survival (HR: 1.42, 95%CI: 1.23-1.63; p<0.001) in ER+ breast cancer. However, the associations were not observed in ER- patients. The following NPI adjusted analyses confirmed the results of univariate Cox analysis. In Single Sample Predictors (SSPs) and Subtype Clustering Models (SCMs) subtypes, high MASTL expression is associated with increased risk of AE and predicts a poor AE-free survival in ER+ subgroups. CONCLUSIONS: MASTL might be a valuable indicator of MR risk and AE risk in ER+ patients, but not in ER- patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Presents information pertaining to the Nd-doped barium sodium niobate crystals. Information on the temperature of the lattice constants; Confirmation of crystal structure; What the tetragonal tungsten bronze (TB) type crystals exhibits; Reference to the atomic absorption analysis; Details of results.

A series of Pd/γ-Al2O3catalysts with different types of compound additives were prepared by impregnation under microwave calcination; the physicochemical properties and catalytic performance of catalysts for one-step synthesis of dimethylether from sulfur-containing syngas were investigated. The results show that the catalysts added CeO2-ZrO2showed much better catalytic performance and sulfur tolerance than those added CeO2-ZnO or CeO2-CaO in terms of CO conversion, methanol, and dimethylether selectivities and time space yield of dimethylether, which are closely related to higher pore volume and Pd dispersity, moderate CO adsorption, and moderate surface acidity of the catalyst. The optimum compound additive content was determined to be 2%CeO2-1%ZrO2. Under such optimum conditions, CO conversion, dimethylether selectivity, and time space yield of dimethylether are 63.2%, 68.5%, and 30.92 mmol·(ml·h)−1, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]