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Electroencephalography (EEG) plays a pivotal role in the diagnosis of various neurological conditions, most notably major depressive disorder (MDD). However, deep learning-based methods currently employed for MDD detection tasks exhibit inadequate generalization capabilities, particularly across different EEG electrode channels, and demonstrate limited feature representation capacity. In this paper, we present a novel approach referred to as adaptive feature learning (AFL), which leverages kernel embedding to facilitate the learning of domain-invariant features across subjects within a reproducing kernel Hilbert space. This method aims to enhance the model's ability to generalize across multiple subjects' EEG signals. Furthermore, our research revealed that batch normalization (BN) layers within the existing MDD detection network frequently result in feature channel suppression, potentially compromising the representation power of the features. To address this issue, we propose channel activation (CA), which employs decorrelation to reactivate suppressed feature maps, thereby enhancing the model's feature representation capability, particularly for subtle EEG changes. The effectiveness of the proposed methods is evaluated using the leave-one-subject-out protocol on MODMA and PRED+CT datasets, yielding detection accuracies of 90.56\% (MODMA) and 96.51\% (PRED+CT). Our experimental findings exhibit the superior performance of our method compared to state-of-the-art (SOTA) methods in terms of MDD recognition.

Lewis pairs (LPs) with outstanding performance for nonmetal-mediated catalysis reactions have high fundamental interest and remarkable application prospects. However, their solubility characteristics lead to instability and deactivation upon recycling. Here, the layered porous aromatic framework (PAF-6), featuring two kinds of Lewis base sites (NPiperazine and NTriazine), is exfoliated into few-layer nanosheets to form the LP entity with the Lewis acid. After comparison with various porous networks and verification by density functional theory (DFT) calculations, the NTriazine atom in the specific spatial environment is determined to preferably coordinate with the electron-deficient boron compound in a sterically hindered pattern. LP-bare porous product displays high catalytic activity for the hydrogenation of both olefin and imine compounds, and demonstrates ≈100% activity after 10 successful cycles in hydrogenation reactions. Considering the natural advantage of porous organic frameworks to construct LP groups opens up novel prospects for preparing other nonmetallic heterogeneous catalysts for efficient and recyclable catalysis.

InSe, as a representative two-dimensional (2D) semiconductor of the III–VI group, possesses numerous advantages and is widely used in 2D electronic and optoelectronic devices. In2Se3, known for its 2D ferroelectricity and high photoelectric response rates, has recently gained widespread attention. Therefore, realizing selectable growth of these two structural phases and studying their electronic structures is important. In this paper, we realized the molecular beam epitaxial growth of InSe and In2Se3 films on bilayer graphene substrates with precisely controlled stoichiometric phases and thickness. Combining the in situ reflection high-energy electron diffraction, scanning tunneling microscopic, and angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopic measurements, we investigated the distinctions in lattice and electronic structures between InSe and In2Se3 films. The InSe film exhibits a hexagonal lattice structure, whereas the In2Se3 film shows a one-dimensional distorted reconstruction. A key finding is that the top valence bands of InSe films display a varying number of splitting branches at the Γ point, which corresponds to the number of layers. In contrast, no splitting of the top valence bands was observed in the In2Se3 films, highlighting a distinct difference in their electronic structure compared to InSe films. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Rice (Oryza sativa L.) stands as one of the most critical staple crops globally, with its yield and water use efficiency (WUE) being pivotal for food security. This study aimed to evaluate the agronomic and physiological traits and WUE of six rice varieties under two irrigation regimes: alternate wetting and drying (AWD) and conventional irrigation (CI). The results showed the significant improvements in grain yield and WUE with variety improvement under both irrigation treatments. Under AWD, high water use efficiency varieties (HWVs) demonstrated pronounced enhancements, including tillers and spikelet production, filled grain rate, 1000-grain weight, harvest index, leaf area index, non-structural carbohydrate remobilization, photosynthesis and catalase and peroxidase activities of leaf, root and shoot biomass, and root activity. AWD was observed to synchronize and amplify grain yield (2–14%) and WUE, including both leaf-level (13.94–20.72%) and yield-level (23.20–30.87%) water use efficiencies (WUEL and WUEY). The water use potential for HWVs was substantially enhanced under AWD. The integration of variety improvement with AWD irrigation strategies effectively achieves the dual objectives of high yield and WUE, offering a promising approach for sustainable rice production. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to analyze and study the role and effectiveness of individual coal miner in the prevention and governance of occupational diseases, taking all underground workers of a coal mine in Inner Mongolia as the research object. Through the investigation and evaluation of individual workers information, the degree of relevance of hazardous factors, and the performance of prevention and control behaviors, from the perspective of individual workers, we study the hazard and individual relevance of occupational hazard factors and the differences in individual prevention and control ideology and prevention and control behaviors in different directions. The results show that: dust and toxic and harmful gases are the most harmful to workers and have the widest impact, in particularly, dust is related to almost all individuals. The individual workers’ ideological cognition on the prevention and control of occupational hazards only understands some individual-related content, but does not understand the relevant content of the enterprise and laws and regulations. The enthusiasm for prevention and control behavior is high, but the initiative is insufficient, and the lack of awareness and spontaneity in the prevention and control of occupational hazards is not conducive to continuous and long-term occupational protection.

Layered material TaS2 hosts multiple structural phases and exotic correlated quantum states, including charge density wave (CDW), superconductivity, quantum spin liquid, and Mott insulating state. Here, we synthesized TaS2 monolayers in H and T phases using the molecular beam epitaxial (MBE) method and studied their electronic structures via angle-resolved photo-emission spectroscopy (ARPES). We found that the H phase TaS2 (H-TaS2) monolayer is metallic, with an energy band crossing the Fermi level. In contrast, the T phase TaS2 (T-TaS2) monolayer shows an insulated energy gap at the Fermi level, while the normal calculated band structure implies it should be metallic without any band gap. However, by considering Hubbard interaction potential U, further density functional theory (DFT) calculation suggests that monolayer T-TaS2 could be a CDW Mott insulator, and the DFT+U calculation matches well with the ARPES result. More significantly, the temperature-dependent ARPES result indicates that the CDW Mott state in the T-TaS2 monolayer is more robust than its bulk counterpart and can persist at room temperature. Our results reveal that the dimensional effect can enhance the CDW Mott state and provide valuable insights for further exploring the exotic properties of monolayer TaS2. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to scientifically evaluate the comprehensive dust prevention and control capability of coal mine enterprises, process method is used to analyze all dust production activities. Starting from the full chain of coal dust production-reduction-prevention-protection, a comprehensive evaluation model of coal mine dust prevention and control effects based on process method is established to find out the influencing factors of comprehensive prevention and control of coal dust. Based on this, the analysis is carried out from the five levels of dust control technology, dust management, external supervision, personnel protection, and prevention and control effects. A comprehensive assessment system for coal mine dust prevention and control is constructed, and the entropy weight method and set pair analysis method are combined for practical application. The results shows that the dust-proofing technology weight is the largest among the first-level indicators, while the personnel protection weight is the smallest; according to the calculation results of the main value of the contact number, the ranking of the first-grade indicators is in order of external supervision, dust management, personnel protection, prevention effect, prevention dust technology; the main value of the comprehensive contact number of the applied mine is in the “good” evaluation level, and the overall development trend of the mine dust comprehensive prevention and control work is good, but to achieve “better”.

In an era of increasing interest in the potential health benefits of medicinal foods, the need to assess their safety and potential toxicity remains a critical concern. While these natural remedies have garnered substantial attention for their therapeutic potential, a comprehensive understanding of their effects on living organisms is essential. We examined 316 herbal extracts to determine their potential nematocidal attributes in Caenorhabditis elegans. Approximately 16% of these extracts exhibited the capacity to induce diminished survival rates and larval arrest, establishing a correlation between larval arrest and overall worm viability. Certain extracts led to an unexpected increase in male nematodes, accompanied by a discernible reduction in DAPI-stained bivalent structures and perturbed meiotic advancement, thereby disrupting the conventional developmental processes. Notably, Onobrychis cornuta and Veratrum lobelianum extracts activated a DNA damage checkpoint response via the ATM/ATR and CHK-1 pathways, thus hindering germline development. Our LC–MS analysis revealed jervine in V. lobelianum and nine antitumor compounds in O. cornuta. Interestingly, linoleic acid replicated phenotypes induced by O. cornuta exposure, including an increased level of pCHK-1 foci, apoptosis, and the MAPK pathway. Mutants in the MAPK pathway mitigated the decline in worm survival, underscoring its importance in promoting worm viability. This study reveals complex interactions between herbal extracts and C. elegans processes, shedding light on potential antitumor effects and mechanisms. The findings provide insights into the complex landscape of herbal medicine's impact on a model organism, offering implications for broader applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]