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25 p., [EN] Introduction: Cluster B personality disorders are the most controversial conditions in the psychopathological spectrum. Attachment seems to be a relevant factor in the development of these disorders. Emerging studies have focused on the impact of parental mental illness (PMI) on the psychopathological traits of the offspring. Therefore, the main objective is to assess the impact of PMI antecedents in the attachment style of individuals with PD-Bs.__ Methods: A total number of 298 subjects were recruited for the study (148 healthy control and 150 cluster B PD subjects). Descriptive information was collected and ECR scale was administered. Chi-square and t-test analyses were developed for descriptive analyses. General linear models were developed to assess the impact of PMI in the attachment style of these individuals.__ Results: Cluster B PD groups presented significantly higher scores than the control group in attachment anxiety and avoidance, as well as the cluster B PD with PMI group presenting higher levels of attachment anxiety comparing to the other case group. Regarding the impact of PMI in the attachment style, these models have explained 25.8% of the variability of attachment anxiety and 9% of attachment avoidance.__ Discussion: Attachment might impact the development of cluster B PDs and the presence of PMI could lead to an even more anxious attachment pattern, suggesting that PMI might be a risk factor for a dysfunctional development of the attachment system. Moreover, the association between PMI and cluster B PD in the offspring could be related to dysfunctional attachment patterns established during childhood.

Insecure attachment has been described as mediating the relationship between childhood trauma and dysfunctional personality traits in different mental disorders. Despite the role insecure attachment and childhood trauma have independently demonstrated to play as determinants of borderline personality disorder, less is known about the mediating mechanisms explaining these associations. For the first time, we assessed adult attachment, childhood trauma and dimensional personality pathology in a sample of outpatients with borderline personality disorder and tested whether the association between childhood trauma and personality dysfunction was at least partially attributable to insecure attachment. The results showed that attachment anxiety fully mediated the relationship between specific types of trauma (emotional abuse and physical neglect) and emotional dysregulation. Further, emotional abuse was both directly associated with dissocial behaviour and indirectly via attachment anxiety (partial mediation). Emotional abuse has been described as an essential environmental factor for the development of borderline personality disorder and emotional dysregulation, on its part, as the core feature of the condition. Our results indicate that attachment anxiety explains the link between these central aspects of borderline personality disorder. Our findings are consistent with previous research and current etiological understanding of the condition and provide support for recommending a careful assessment of childhood traumatic experiences and adult attachment style to gain a more comprehensive insight into the symptoms and its heterogeneity. As a secondary aim, we assessed the effect parental mental illness may have in these mediation models, but no significant influence on childhood trauma, attachment or personality was found.

Although there is evidence of the adverse consequences of alcohol consumption during pregnancy, the effects of alcohol consumption during lactation have not been that widely established. Consequently, due to this lack of information about the effects of alcohol during lactation, mothers do not receive guidance about alcohol intake during this period and they are unaware of the risks that alcohol intake might have both on them and their developing infant. The aim of this review is to summarize the scientifically demonstrated adverse effects of alcohol consumption during lactation both on mother and child. In spite of the fact that the available data in this field is scarce and contradictory, there is evidence that alcohol intake during lactation is harmful for mothers’ lactational performance and their infants’ development and behaviour. Thus, more research is needed in order to clarify the effects of different doses of alcohol during lactation and to provide educational support for health professionals and mothers so as to ensure secure alcohol intake during this crucial period of infant development.