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Objectives: Since peri‐implantitis is an increasing and prevalent concern in clinical practice and there is no consensus regarding the best therapeutic protocol, this study evaluated the knowledge and behaviours of dentists working in Implantology regarding implant‐related infections modulating factors and therapeutic protocols used in the management of peri‐implantitis. Methods: Cross‐sectional study was conducted with 86 Brazilian Implantology clinicians. Data were collected using a structured and online questionnaire evaluating socioeconomic characteristics, education, work/clinical practice, knowledge and attitudes regarding the risk factors and management of peri‐implantitis. The reliability of the questionnaire was evaluated by test–retest technique. The questionnaire was developed based on the last consensus on peri‐implant diseases (2018) and the current evidence related to implant‐related infections. Descriptive, bivariate and logistic regression analyses were conducted adopting a significance level of 5%. Results: In this study, 89.5% of included dentists reported that already treated patients with peri‐implantitis. Approximately 80% of dentists use antibiotics and mouth rinses during the treatment, and surgical procedures seem the main choice to treat peri‐implantitis (91.8%) by dentists. As a preventive approach, 94.2% of dentists reported that routinely assessed biofilm accumulation in the follow‐up visits after implant placement. Logistic regression showed that the self‐reported ability to treat peri‐implantitis was statistically (p < 0.05) higher among dentists who reported abilities to diagnose the disease and use laser for peri‐implantitis treatment. Conclusion: Dentists working in Implantology have a good level of knowledge and behaviors in the management of peri‐implantitis. However, the lack of consensus regarding the best treatment protocols may reflect dentist's behaviours because different treatment protocols have been used by evaluated clinicians. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To compare the prevalence of orofacial manifestations between patients with and without sickle cell anemia and to investigate the distribution of such events in patients with sickle cell anemia by sex and age. Method and Material: A cross-sectional study was conducted in which 330 subjects divided into two groups (a group of individuals with sickle cell anemia and a healthy control group) were examined. Results: It was observed that patients with sickle cell anemia had a significantly higher prevalence of previous mental nerve neuropathy (P = .000) and delayed tooth eruption (P = .006) than patients without the disease. Regarding the distribution of orofacial manifestations in patients with sickle cell anemia by sex and age, the only statistical associations were between the prevalence of previous mental nerve neuropathy and sex (P = .023) and previous mandibular pain and age (P = .019). Conclusions: This study found that sickle cell anemia is associated with the prevalence of previous mental nerve neuropathy and delayed tooth eruption. Moreover, previous mental nerve neuropathy is more frequent among females with sickle cell anemia, and previous mandibular pain is more frequent among individuals older than 21 years of age with sickle cell anemia. Further studies using a methodology similar to the one in this study are necessary considering the scarcity of studies using this approach. (Quintessence Int 2011;42:701-709) [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents a case-control study which investigates the association of hand digit ratio (2D:4D) with nonsyndromic cleft lip and/or palate (NSCL/P) and orofacial clefts. Student's t test and Mann-Whitney test were used in data analysis. No significant difference was determined between the mean digit ratios of the right and left hands as the results suggested.

Objectives: Digit ratio (2D:4D) has been considered to be a marker in studies evaluating an individual's susceptibility to diseases, especially those diseases that show sex differences in their occurrence. We aimed to assess whether 2D:4D ratios are associated with nonsyndromic cleft lip and/or palate (NSCL/P) and verify the existence of a specific pattern of 2D:4D ratio in individuals affected by orofacial clefts., Design: This was a case-control study., Methods: Digital measurements of index and ring finger lengths of both hands of patients with NSCL/P (n = 54) and age- and gender-matched controls (n = 54) were obtained using a digital vernier caliper. Mean ratios between the second and fourth digits were compared. Data were analyzed by Student's t test and Mann-Whitney test with a significance level of 5%., Results: No significant difference was found between the mean digit ratios of the right and left hands between the groups for any analysis (P > .05), neither for the whole sample nor for the distributions by type of cleft and by gender., Conclusions: Although the development of the fingers and the occurrence of NSCL/P can be regulated by the actions of similar genes, our results are not consistent with an association between 2D:4D ratio and this craniofacial deformity. This suggests that intrauterine exposure to fetal androgens, assessed using this marker, is similar between patients with NSCL/P and healthy individuals. We highlight the need for further studies in populations with different ancestries.