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The temperature of the upper 300 m of the North Atlantic increased by about 0.57°C between 1984 and 1999. but this underlying trend was overlain with substantial geographic and interannual variability. Nor thward shifts occurred in the distribution of many commercial and non-commercial fish species in the NE Atlantic during the 1990s. New records were established for a number of Mediterranean and NW African species on the south coast of Portugal. Red mullet (Mullus surmuletus) and bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) extended their ranges northward to western Norway and catches of the former increased throughout the 1990s in the North Sea. Abundance or relative abundance o f warm-water commercial species of gadoids and flatfish generally increased during the 1990s, but like the warming trend the changes in distribution and abundance were by no means uniform and there was considerable interannual variability. There were also examples o f southward shifts lor some species, which can be related to local hydrographic conditions, such as upwelling. Information on distribution and abundance of Greenland cod (Gadus morhua L.) and Norwegian springspawning herring (Clupea harengus) during a previous warming period in the late 1920s and 1930s is also presented and compared with changes in the 1990s. Article from Marine Science Symposia Vol. 219 - "Hydrobiological variability in the ICES Area, 1990-1999", symposium held in Edinburgh, 8-10 August 2001. To access the remaining articles please click on the keyword "MSS Vol. 219".

Campañas de Ictioplancton para Evaluación de Stocks, CIES, EVALICES2, Evaluación de Recursos Marinos Vivos en el Área ICES

https://www.ices.dk/sites/pub/Publication%20Reports/Expert%20Group%20Report/Fisheries%20Resources%20Steering%20Group/2021/WGMIXFISH-ADVICE_2020.pdf, SI

The main task of WGHANSA was to assess the status of the stocks of sardine in the Celtic Seas and English Channel (pil.27.7), sardine in the Bay of Biscay (pil.27.8abd), sardine in the Cantabrian Sea and Atlantic Iberian waters (pil.27.8c9a), anchovy in the Bay of Biscay (ane.27.8), anchovy in Atlantic Iberian waters (ane.27.9a; components west and south), horse mackerel in Atlantic Iberian waters (hom.27.9a) and jack mackerel in the Azores (jaa.27.10). Assessments and short-term forecasts were updated with modifications to mitigate the impact of missing surveys in 2020 due to the COVID19 disruption. For sardine in 8c9a, the PELAGO index was raised by a linear regression model to accommodate the lack of the PELACUS estimation; the age composition of PELAGO was assumed to represent the whole stock. The biomass of sardine (age 1+) is above MSY Btrigger for the first time since 2009. Fishing mortality is the lowest in the time-series but still above FMSY. To answer a special request from Portugal and Spain catch scenarios for 2020 were revised. For anchovy 9a.west, the PELAGO index was raised by a linear regression to accommodate the lack of the PELACUS2020 estimate. The stock size indicator increased from 4129 tonnes in 2019 to 56 526 tonnes in 2020. The harvest rate increased from 0.155 in management year 2018 to 0.63 in management year 2019. The relative SSB of anchovy 9.a.south increased 26% from 2019 to 2020 being well above Bpa. Relative Fishing mortality (F) has fluctuated with no clear trend. From management year 2018 to 2019, relative F decreased 22%. The index ratio (1over2 rule) showed a 98% increase of the stock size indicator in 2020. The assessment of horse mackerel in Division 9.a was modified due to the lack of the Portuguese demersal survey in autumn 2019. The SSB reached a historical maximum in 2020 of 1 102 627 tonnes. High recruitment since 2011 has contributed to the SSB increase. Fishing mortality, estimated to be 0.028 year -1 in 2019 has been below FMSY over the whole time-series. The spawning– stock biomass has been above MSY Btrigger over the whole time-series. For both the Bay of Biscay anchovy and sardine, the sensitivity analyses indicated that the impact of missing data from the PELGAS 2020 survey on the assessments was not critical although the estimates of the last year were more uncertain. For anchovy in 8, SSB shows an increasing trend and the harvest rate has fluctuated around 0.2 since the re-opening of the fishery in 2010. The SSB in 2020 is estimated to be 174 400 tonnes, which is the highest in the time-series and well above Blim. For sardine in 8abd, SSB decreased from 2010 to 2012 to the lower value of the series and has been stable since then. In 2020, SSB is estimated to be 103 915 tonnes, being above MSY Btrigger. Fishing mortality was above FMSY and below Fpa from 2012 to 2019. In 2019, it is estimated to be below FMSY. Recruitment has been variable over time and in 2019 is estimated to be around the time-series average. Jack mackerel catches were 1231 tonnes in 2019, a level similar to those of recent years. Finally, with respect to juvenile surveys for future incorporation in the assessment, the WG considered that the available time series is still short for anchovy in 9a. For sardine in 8c9a the work will proceed in the interim period to test the inclusion of juvenile survey data into the assessment model.

The Working Group on Southern Horse Mackerel, Anchovy and Sardine (WGHANSA1) met by correspondence from 3 to 7 June 2019, and in Madrid from the 25 to the 28 of November 2019, and was chaired by Alexandra Silva (Portugal). There were 13 participants from France, Portugal, Spain and UK. The main task of WGHANSA was to assess the status the stocks of sardine in the Celtic Seas and English Channel (pil.27.7), sardine in the Bay of Biscay (pil.27.8abd), sardine in the Cantabrian Sea and Atlantic Iberian waters (pil.27.8c9a), anchovy in the Bay of Biscay (ane.27.8), anchovy in Atlantic Iberian waters (ane.27.9a; components west and south), horse mackerel in Atlantic Iberian waters (hom.27.9a) and jack mackerel in the Azores (jaa.27.10). Assessments and short-term forecasts were updated according to the stock annexes. There is no assessment method adopted for pil.27.7 due to the lack of data. The stock of pil.27.8abd was assessed as category 1 for the first time, following an interbenchmark. Recruitment has been above the average, the spawning–stock biomass declined and fishing mortality steeply increased in 2010–2012. SSB is fluctuating above MSY Btrigger and F2018 is above FMSY and below Fpa. This year, the DEPM datapoint for 2017 was included in the pil.27.9a assessment for the first time, following a revision of the survey data. The stock has decreased since 2006 and stabilized to a historical low since 2012. The biomass of age 1 and older fish has been decreasing since 2006 and reached the lowest historical value in 2015. It has since increased slightly but is below Blim since 2011. Recruitment has been below the time-series average since 2005. Recruitment in 2018 was around the geometric mean of the last five years. Fishing mortality has been decreasing from a peak in 2011. In 2018, it was the lowest in the time-series and below Fpa and Flim. The stock size indicator for anchovy in 9a.west decreased 90% from 2018 to 2019 (4129 t), after a period of an increasing trend since 2014. The harvest rate decreased 67% from management year 2017 to 2018 being below the median of the historical time-series.The relative spawning–stock biomass of the south component of the anchovy 9.a stock has fluctuated without a trend over the time-series, with most of the values above Bpa. From 2018 to 2019, the relative SSB decreased 5% but is still well above Bpa. Relative Fishing mortality (F) has fluctuated with no clear trend. From management year 2017 to 2018, relative F decreased 93%. The SSB of horse mackerel in Division 9.a fluctuated from 1992, the beginning of the assessment period, to 2012–2013 and afterwards increased continuously to a historical maximum, in 2018. The consistently high recruitment since 2011 has contributed to the SSB increase. Fishing mortality was 0.029 year -1 in 2018, showing a 29% decrease compared to 2017. Fishing mortality has been below FMSY over the whole time-series. The spawning–stock biomass has been above MSY Btrigger over the whole time-series. The exploration of data on anchovy abundance-at-age from juvenile surveys IBERAS-JUVESAR and ECOCADIZ-RECLUTAS indicated the series are still short to conclude about their future incorporation into the assessments. The analyses of internal consistency of the indices and of their consistency with spring acoustic surveys showed promising results for ECOCADIZ-RECLUTAS and pointed out the need to revisit the results of some of the surveys, particularly the IBERAS_JUVESAR series. For sardine, 0-group abundance from IBERAS-JUVESAR (2013–2019) combined with data from an earlier autumn survey, SAR-PT-AUT (discontinued in 2008) covering the northwestern Iberian waters, showed a significant correlation with the abundance of age 1 individuals in surveys carried out in the following spring.

The ICES Working Group for the Bay of Biscay and the Iberian Waters Ecoregion (WGBIE) assesses the status of 23 stocks distributed from ICES Divisions 3.a–4.a though to Subarea 9, mostly distributed in Subareas 7, 8 and 9. The group was tasked with conducting assessments of stock status for 23 stocks using analytical, forecast methods or trends indicators to provide catch forecasts and a first draft of the ICES advice for 2019. For two of the Nephrops stocks updates were provided on catch data with the advice release delayed until October after the completion of the surveys used for the assessment. Analytical assessments using age-structured models were conducted for the northern stock of white anglerfish, the northern and southern stocks of megrim, four-spot megrim and sole in the Bay of Biscay. The two hake stocks and one southern stock of anglerfish were assessed using models that allow the use of length-structured data (no age data). A surplus-production model, without age or length structure, was used to assess the second southern stock of anglerfish and an age-length structure model was used for the European seabass in the Bay of Biscay. The state of stocks for which no analytical assessment could be performed was inferred from examination of catch, commercial LPUE or CPUE data and from survey information, where available. The northern stock of hake was benchmarked this year to incorporate discards into the model that were previously omitted. New reference points with the accepted benchmark assessment were proposed by the group and new proxy biomass reference points where proposed for black anglerfish in Division’s 7b-k, 8abd. A recurrent issue significantly constrained the group’s ability to fully address the terms of reference this year. Despite an ICES data call with a deadline of six weeks before the meeting, data for most stocks were submitted to ICES only two days before the start of the meeting and in one case 2 days after the meeting commenced. This delayed the process of having the data quality checked and the assessment completed before the start of the working group. This is an important matter of concerns for the working group members. The structure of the report is set out with section 1 presenting a summary of each stock, discussing general issues and conclusions. Section 2 provides descriptions of the relevant fishing fleets and surveys used in the assessment of the stocks. Sections 3–18 contains the single stock assessments.

The Workshop on the Iberian Sardine Management and Recovery Plan, chaired by Manuela Azevedo (Portugal), met in Lisbon, Portugal, 1–5 April 2019 to evaluate if the management and recovery strategies jointly proposed by the Portuguese and Spanish administration meet the client´s objective and are precautionary according to ICES precautionary criterion. The request also asked for the re-examination of the Biological Reference Points (BRPs) for the Iberian sardine stock. The working group decided to keep the current BRPs, Blim of 337.4 thousand tonnes and FMSY of 0.12year-1, corresponding to the scenario of medium stock productivity, because the updated estimates as well as the estimates from the analysis of the effect on the BRPs of the assessment retrospective showed that both were within confidence bounds (95%) of the current adopted reference points. The working group also estimated BRPs considering the recent low stock productivity to be in the period 2006–2017 as specified in the request. Blim_low was estimated to be 196.3 thousand tonnes and FMSY_low was estimated to be 0.032year-1, corresponding to the scenario of low stock productivity. The estimated BRPs were used to set the biomass and fishing mortality reference levels of the catch rules and also, following the ICES guidelines for the evaluation of management plans, the basis to compute performance statistics of the management strategy evaluation under each operating model.

Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-01T22:56:18Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 tese_10518_TeseHelderMendes2016.pdf: 19226190 bytes, checksum: e8a7d9105e382eeca3144d81527a120b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-12-19 Neste trabalho, foi proposta uma ferramenta de calibração automática para o modelo Distributed Hydrology Soil Vegetation Model. O princípio básico do calibrador implementado é a utilização da meta-heurística Clustering Search (CS), que permite a obtenção, além da solução calibrada, de um conjunto de soluções sub-ótimas resultantes do processo. Essas soluções são utilizadas para a verificação da possibilidade de melhoria da calibração de uma sub-bacia por meio da aplicação das soluções obtidas para um conjunto de outras sub-bacias. A ferramenta e a metodologia de combinação proposta foram aplicadas na calibração de uma bacia hidrográfica da região sudeste do Brasil, formada por um conjunto de sub-bacias cujas vazões são monitoradas. Os resultados obtidos mostram que tanto a ferramenta quanto a metodologia de combinação propostas são eficientes, levando a uma melhoria considerável dos resultados da modelagem para a bacia. Palavras-chave: modelagem hidrológica. calibração. heurísticas.

Although hyperinsulinemia has been shown to play a central role in horse laminitis, the link between insulin and hoof diseases has not been established in cattle. The objective was to investigate the effects of prolonged hyperinsulinemia on the integrity of the hoof lamellar tissue in cattle, American Association of Bovine Practitioners Proceedings of the Annual Conference, 2014

BACKGROUND: Many patients with acromegaly do not achieve biochemical control despite receiving high doses of the first-generation somatostatin analogues octreotide or lanreotide. In the PAOLA trial, we aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of two different doses of the somatostatin analogue pasireotide long-acting release compared with active control (octreotide or lanreotide) in patients with inadequately controlled acromegaly. METHODS: In a multicentre, randomised, phase 3 trial, we enrolled eligible patients aged 18 years or older with acromegaly who were inadequately controlled (5-point, 2 h mean growth hormone concentration >2·5 μg/L and insulin-like growth factor 1 [IGF-1] concentration >1·3 times the upper normal limit) and had received 30 mg octreotide long-acting repeatable or 120 mg lanreotide (Somatuline Autogel; Ipsen, UK) as monotherapy for 6 months or longer. We randomly assigned patients in a 1:1:1 ratio with an interactive voice-web response system to receive 40 mg pasireotide long-acting release once every 28 days for 24 weeks, 60 mg pasireotide long-acting release once every 28 days for 24 weeks, or continued treatment with octreotide or lanreotide (active control). Patients were stratified according to previous treatment (octreotide or lanreotide) and growth hormone concentrations at screening (2·5-10 μg/L and >10 μg/L). Patients and study investigators were not masked to study drug assignment but were masked to pasireotide dose allocation. The primary endpoint was number of patients achieving biochemical control, defined as mean growth hormone concentration less than 2·5 μg/L and normalised IGF-1 concentration. Efficacy analyses were based on intention to treat. This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT01137682. FINDINGS: Between Dec 17, 2010, and Aug 6, 2012, 198 patients were enrolled and randomly assigned to pasireotide 40 mg (n=65), pasireotide 60 mg (n=65), or active control (n=68) groups. At 24 weeks, ten (15%) patients in the pasireotide 40 mg group and 13 (20%) patients in the pasireotide 60 mg group achieved biochemical control, compared with no patients in the active control group (absolute difference from control group 15·4%, 95% CI 7·6-26·5, p=0·0006 for pasireotide 40 mg group, 20·0%, 11·1-31·8, p