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254 results on '"Mendelson, Joseph R."'

2. Caudata Cognition

Author

Berry, Savannah M., Mendelson, Joseph R., III, Boomer, Joseph, Section editor, Vonk, Jennifer, editor, and Shackelford, Todd K., editor

Published
2022
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3. Genome of the Komodo dragon reveals adaptations in the cardiovascular and chemosensory systems of monitor lizards

Author

Lind, Abigail L, Lai, Yvonne YY, Mostovoy, Yulia, Holloway, Alisha K, Iannucci, Alessio, Mak, Angel CY, Fondi, Marco, Orlandini, Valerio, Eckalbar, Walter L, Milan, Massimo, Rovatsos, Michail, Kichigin, Ilya G, Makunin, Alex I, Johnson Pokorná, Martina, Altmanová, Marie, Trifonov, Vladimir A, Schijlen, Elio, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Fani, Renato, Velenský, Petr, Rehák, Ivan, Patarnello, Tomaso, Jessop, Tim S, Hicks, James W, Ryder, Oliver A, Mendelson, Joseph R, Ciofi, Claudio, Kwok, Pui-Yan, Pollard, Katherine S, and Bruneau, Benoit G

Subjects
Climate Change Impacts and Adaptation, Biological Sciences, Environmental Sciences, Genetics, Human Genome, Cardiovascular, Underpinning research, 1.1 Normal biological development and functioning, Acclimatization, Animals, Cardiovascular System, Chromosomes, Lizards, Ecology, Evolutionary biology, Environmental management
Abstract

Monitor lizards are unique among ectothermic reptiles in that they have high aerobic capacity and distinctive cardiovascular physiology resembling that of endothermic mammals. Here, we sequence the genome of the Komodo dragon Varanus komodoensis, the largest extant monitor lizard, and generate a high-resolution de novo chromosome-assigned genome assembly for V. komodoensis using a hybrid approach of long-range sequencing and single-molecule optical mapping. Comparing the genome of V. komodoensis with those of related species, we find evidence of positive selection in pathways related to energy metabolism, cardiovascular homoeostasis, and haemostasis. We also show species-specific expansions of a chemoreceptor gene family related to pheromone and kairomone sensing in V. komodoensis and other lizard lineages. Together, these evolutionary signatures of adaptation reveal the genetic underpinnings of the unique Komodo dragon sensory and cardiovascular systems, and suggest that selective pressure altered haemostasis genes to help Komodo dragons evade the anticoagulant effects of their own saliva. The Komodo dragon genome is an important resource for understanding the biology of monitor lizards and reptiles worldwide.

Published
2019

4. Evolutionary Patterns of Trait Change in the Auditory System of Central American Toads (Anura: Bufonidae: Incilius).

Author

Babish, Sage D., Hernández-Morales, Cristian, and Mendelson, Joseph R.

Subjects
AUDITORY pathways, MIDDLE ear, X-ray computed microtomography, TETRAPODS, BUFONIDAE
Abstract

The tympanic middle ear (TME) is a complex morphological adaptation that facilitates auditory reception in multiple clades of tetrapods, including anurans. Despite its utility, it has been partially or completely lost at least 38 times in anurans, and there is no clear explanation for how or why this loss occurred. We used micro-CT scans and 3D segmentation to catalog presence/absence and shape of the columella throughout the Central American toad genus Incilius. We found that the TME has been lost multiple times in Incilius and our outgroup Rhinella, with at least one regaining event. Absence of the columella and the different shapes of the columella both have high phylogenetic signal. Incilius species have a different distribution of columella shapes than many other genera of anurans that have been surveyed, including more blade-shaped columellae than found in other genera and one species with vestigial remnants of a columella. The columella shape most common in Incilius, a blade, may be derived from the rod shape also found in many other bufonids; the adaptive significance of this trait remains unknown. This study succeeds in providing a fine-scale review of earlessness and columellar morphology in Incilius, but the processes underlying the patterns we observe remain unclear. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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7. The Effects of Captivity on the Mammalian Gut Microbiome

Author

McKenzie, Valerie J, Song, Jin, Delsuc, Frédéric, Prest, Tiffany L, Oliverio, Angela M, Korpita, Timothy M, Alexiev, Alexandra, Amato, Katherine R, Metcalf, Jessica L, Kowalewski, Martin, Avenant, Nico L, Link, Andres, Di Fiore, Anthony, Seguin-Orlando, Andaine, Feh, Claudia, Orlando, Ludovic, Mendelson, Joseph R, Sanders, Jon, and Knight, Rob

Subjects
Microbiology, Zoology, Ecology, Biological Sciences, 2.2 Factors relating to the physical environment, Aetiology, Life on Land, Animals, Animals, Zoo, Bacteria, Bacterial Physiological Phenomena, Gastrointestinal Microbiome, Mammals, Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Evolutionary Biology, Evolutionary biology
Abstract

Recent studies increasingly note the effect of captivity or the built environment on the microbiome of humans and other animals. As symbiotic microbes are essential to many aspects of biology (e.g., digestive and immune functions), it is important to understand how lifestyle differences can impact the microbiome, and, consequently, the health of hosts. Animals living in captivity experience a range of changes that may influence the gut bacteria, such as diet changes, treatments, and reduced contact with other individuals, species and variable environmental substrates that act as sources of bacterial diversity. Thus far, initial results from previous studies point to a pattern of decreased bacterial diversity in captive animals. However, these studies are relatively limited in the scope of species that have been examined. Here we present a dataset that includes paired wild and captive samples from mammalian taxa across six Orders to investigate generalizable patterns of the effects captivity on mammalian gut bacteria. In comparing the wild to the captive condition, our results indicate that alpha diversity of the gut bacteria remains consistent in some mammalian hosts (bovids, giraffes, anteaters, and aardvarks), declines in the captive condition in some hosts (canids, primates, and equids), and increases in the captive condition in one host taxon (rhinoceros). Differences in gut bacterial beta diversity between the captive and wild state were observed for most of the taxa surveyed, except the even-toed ungulates (bovids and giraffes). Additionally, beta diversity variation was also strongly influenced by host taxonomic group, diet type, and gut fermentation physiology. Bacterial taxa that demonstrated larger shifts in relative abundance between the captive and wild states included members of the Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes. Overall, the patterns that we observe will inform a range of disciplines from veterinary practice to captive breeding efforts for biological conservation. Furthermore, bacterial taxa that persist in the captive state provide unique insight into symbiotic relationships with the host.

Published
2017

9. The Oral and Skin Microbiomes of Captive Komodo Dragons Are Significantly Shared with Their Habitat

Author

Hyde, Embriette R, Navas-Molina, Jose A, Song, Jin, Kueneman, Jordan G, Ackermann, Gail, Cardona, Cesar, Humphrey, Gregory, Boyer, Don, Weaver, Tom, Mendelson, Joseph R, McKenzie, Valerie J, Gilbert, Jack A, and Knight, Rob

Subjects
Microbiology, Climate Change Impacts and Adaptation, Biological Sciences, Environmental Sciences, Dental/Oral and Craniofacial Disease, Life Below Water, Komodo dragon, SourceTracker, built environment, human microbiome, microbiome
Abstract

Examining the way in which animals, including those in captivity, interact with their environment is extremely important for studying ecological processes and developing sophisticated animal husbandry. Here we use the Komodo dragon (Varanus komodoensis) to quantify the degree of sharing of salivary, skin, and fecal microbiota with their environment in captivity. Both species richness and microbial community composition of most surfaces in the Komodo dragon's environment are similar to the Komodo dragon's salivary and skin microbiota but less similar to the stool-associated microbiota. We additionally compared host-environment microbiome sharing between captive Komodo dragons and their enclosures, humans and pets and their homes, and wild amphibians and their environments. We observed similar host-environment microbiome sharing patterns among humans and their pets and Komodo dragons, with high levels of human/pet- and Komodo dragon-associated microbes on home and enclosure surfaces. In contrast, only small amounts of amphibian-associated microbes were detected in the animals' environments. We suggest that the degree of sharing between the Komodo dragon microbiota and its enclosure surfaces has important implications for animal health. These animals evolved in the context of constant exposure to a complex environmental microbiota, which likely shaped their physiological development; in captivity, these animals will not receive significant exposure to microbes not already in their enclosure, with unknown consequences for their health. IMPORTANCE Animals, including humans, have evolved in the context of exposure to a variety of microbial organisms present in the environment. Only recently have humans, and some animals, begun to spend a significant amount of time in enclosed artificial environments, rather than in the more natural spaces in which most of evolution took place. The consequences of this radical change in lifestyle likely extend to the microbes residing in and on our bodies and may have important implications for health and disease. A full characterization of host-microbe sharing in both closed and open environments will provide crucial information that may enable the improvement of health in humans and in captive animals, both of which experience a greater incidence of disease (including chronic illness) than counterparts living under more ecologically natural conditions.

Published
2016

17. Using decision analysis to support proactive management of emerging infectious wildlife diseases

Author

Grant, Evan H Campbell, Muths, Erin, Katz, Rachel A, Canessa, Stefano, Adams, Michael J, Ballard, Jennifer R, Berger, Lee, Briggs, Cheryl J, Coleman, Jeremy TH, Gray, Matthew J, Harris, M Camille, Harris, Reid N, Hossack, Blake, Huyvaert, Kathryn P, Kolby, Jonathan, Lips, Karen R, Lovich, Robert E, McCallum, Hamish I, Mendelson, Joseph R, Nanjappa, Priya, Olson, Deanna H, Powers, Jenny G, Richgels, Katherine LD, Russell, Robin E, Schmidt, Benedikt R, Spitzen-van der Sluijs, Annemarieke, Watry, Mary Kay, Woodhams, Douglas C, and White, C LeAnn

Published
2017

18. George Bernard Rabb

Author

Mitchell, Joseph C., Mendelson, Joseph R., and Stewart, Margaret M.

Published
2017

46. George Bernard Rabb

Author

Mitchell, Joseph C., Mendelson, Joseph R., and Stewart, Margaret M.

Published
2015

47. A communal catalogue reveals Earths multiscale microbial diversity

Author

Thompson, Luke R., Sanders, Jon G., McDonald, Daniel, Amir, Amnon, Ladau, Joshua, Locey, Kenneth J., Prill, Robert J., Tripathi, Anupriya, Gibbons, Sean M., Ackermann, Gail, Navas-Molina, Jose A., Janssen, Stefan, Kopylova, Evguenia, Vzquez-Baeza, Yoshiki, Gonzlez, Antonio, Morton, James T., Mirarab, Siavash, Zech Xu, Zhenjiang, Jiang, Lingjing, Haroon, Mohamed F., Kanbar, Jad, Zhu, Qiyun, Jin Song, Se, Kosciolek, Tomasz, Bokulich, Nicholas A., Lefler, Joshua, Brislawn, Colin J., Humphrey, Gregory, Owens, Sarah M., Hampton-Marcell, Jarrad, Berg-Lyons, Donna, McKenzie, Valerie, Fierer, Noah, Fuhrman, Jed A., Clauset, Aaron, Stevens, Rick L., Shade, Ashley, Pollard, Katherine S., Goodwin, Kelly D., Jansson, Janet K., Gilbert, Jack A., Knight, Rob, Rivera, Jose L. Agosto, Al-Moosawi, Lisa, Alverdy, John, Amato, Katherine R., Andras, Jason, Angenent, Largus T., Antonopoulos, Dionysios A., Apprill, Amy, Armitage, David, Ballantine, Kate, Barta, Jiri, Baum, Julia K., Berry, Allison, Bhatnagar, Ashish, Bhatnagar, Monica, Biddle, Jennifer F., Bittner, Lucie, Boldgiv, Bazartseren, Bottos, Eric, Boyer, Donal M., Braun, Josephine, Brazelton, William, Brearley, Francis Q., Campbell, Alexandra H., Caporaso, J. Gregory, Cardona, Cesar, Carroll, JoLynn, Cary, S. Craig, Casper, Brenda B., Charles, Trevor C., Chu, Haiyan, Claar, Danielle C., Clark, Robert G., Clayton, Jonathan B., Clemente, Jose C., Cochran, Alyssa, Coleman, Maureen L., Collins, Gavin, Colwell, Rita R., Contreras, Monica, Crary, Benjamin B., Creer, Simon, Cristol, Daniel A., Crump, Byron C., Cui, Duoying, Daly, Sarah E., Davalos, Liliana, Dawson, Russell D., Defazio, Jennifer, Delsuc, Frederic, Dionisi, Hebe M., Dominguez-Bello, Maria Gloria, Dowell, Robin, Dubinsky, Eric A., Dunn, Peter O., Ercolini, Danilo, Espinoza, Robert E., Ezenwa, Vanessa, Fenner, Nathalie, Findlay, Helen S., Fleming, Irma D., Fogliano, Vincenzo, Forsman, Anna, Freeman, Chris, Friedman, Elliot S., Galindo, Giancarlo, Garcia, Liza, Garcia-Amado, Maria Alexandra, Garshelis, David, Gasser, Robin B., Gerdts, Gunnar, Gibson, Molly K., Gifford, Isaac, Gill, Ryan T., Giray, Tugrul, Gittel, Antje, Golyshin, Peter, Gong, Donglai, Grossart, Hans-Peter, Guyton, Kristina, Haig, Sarah-Jane, Hale, Vanessa, Hall, Ross Stephen, Hallam, Steven J., Handley, Kim M., Hasan, Nur A., Haydon, Shane R., Hickman, Jonathan E., Hidalgo, Glida, Hofmockel, Kirsten S., Hooker, Jeff, Hulth, Stefan, Hultman, Jenni, Hyde, Embriette, Ibanez-Alamo, Juan Diego, Jastrow, Julie D., Jex, Aaron R., Johnson, L. Scott, Johnston, Eric R., Joseph, Stephen, Jurburg, Stephanie D., Jurelevicius, Diogo, Karlsson, Anders, Karlsson, Roger, Kauppinen, Seth, Kellogg, Colleen T. E., Kennedy, Suzanne J., Kerkhof, Lee J., King, Gary M., Kling, George W., Koehler, Anson V., Krezalek, Monika, Kueneman, Jordan, Lamendella, Regina, Landon, Emily M., Lane-deGraaf, Kelly, LaRoche, Julie, Larsen, Peter, Laverock, Bonnie, Lax, Simon, Lentino, Miguel, Levin, Iris I., Liancourt, Pierre, Liang, Wenju, Linz, Alexandra M., Lipson, David A., Liu, Yongqin, Lladser, Manuel E., Lozada, Mariana, Spirito, Catherine M., MacCormack, Walter P., MacRae-Crerar, Aurora, Magris, Magda, Martin-Platero, Antonio M., Martin-Vivaldi, Manuel, Martinez, L. Margarita, Martinez-Bueno, Manuel, Marzinelli, Ezequiel M., Mason, Olivia U., Mayer, Gregory D., McDevitt-Irwin, Jamie M., McDonald, James E., McGuire, Krista L., McMahon, Katherine D., McMinds, Ryan, Medina, Monica, Mendelson, Joseph R., Metcalf, Jessica L., Meyer, Folker, Michelangeli, Fabian, Miller, Kim, Mills, David A., Minich, Jeremiah, Mocali, Stefano, Moitinho-Silva, Lucas, Moore, Anni, Morgan-Kiss, Rachael M., Munroe, Paul, Myrold, David, Neufeld, Josh D., Ni, Yingying, Nicol, Graeme W., Nielsen, Shaun, Nissimov, Jozef I., Niu, Kefeng, Nolan, Matthew J., Noyce, Karen, OBrien, Sarah L., Okamoto, Noriko, Orlando, Ludovic, Castellano, Yadira Ortiz, Osuolale, Olayinka, Oswald, Wyatt, Parnell, Jacob, Peralta-Sanchez, Juan M., Petraitis, Peter, Pfister, Catherine, Pilon-Smits, Elizabeth, Piombino, Paola, Pointing, Stephen B., Pollock, F. Joseph, Potter, Caitlin, Prithiviraj, Bharath, Quince, Christopher, Rani, Asha, Ranjan, Ravi, Rao, Subramanya, Rees, Andrew P., Richardson, Miles, Riebesell, Ulf, Robinson, Carol, Rockne, Karl J., Rodriguezl, Selena Marie, Rohwer, Forest, Roundstone, Wayne, Safran, Rebecca J., Sangwan, Naseer, Sanz, Virginia, Schrenk, Matthew, Schrenzel, Mark D., Scott, Nicole M., Seger, Rita L., Seguin-Orlando, Andaine, Seldin, Lucy, Seyler, Lauren M., Shakhsheer, Baddr, Sheets, Gabriela M., Shen, Congcong, Shi, Yu, Shin, Hakdong, Shogan, Benjamin D., Shutler, Dave, Siegel, Jeffrey, Simmons, Steve, Sjoling, Sara, Smith, Daniel P., Soler, Juan J., Sperling, Martin, Steinberg, Peter D., Stephens, Brent, Stevens, Melita A., Taghavi, Safiyh, Tai, Vera, Tait, Karen, Tan, Chia L., Tas, Neslihan, Taylor, D. Lee, Thomas, Torsten, Timling, Ina, Turner, Benjamin L., Urich, Tim, Ursell, Luke K., van der Lelie, Daniel, Van Treuren, William, van Zwieten, Lukas, Vargas-Robles, Daniela, Thurber, Rebecca Vega, Vitaglione, Paola, Walker, Donald A., Walters, William A., Wang, Shi, Wang, Tao, Weaver, Tom, Webster, Nicole S., Wehrle, Beck, Weisenhorn, Pamela, Weiss, Sophie, Werner, Jeffrey J., West, Kristin, Whitehead, Andrew, Whitehead, Susan R., Whittingham, Linda A., Willerslev, Eske, Williams, Allison E., Wood, Stephen A., Woodhams, Douglas C., Yang, Yeqin, Zaneveld, Jesse, Zarraonaindia, Iratxe, Zhang, Qikun, and Zhao, Hongxia

Subjects
Biological diversity -- Observations -- Environmental aspects, Microbial colonies -- Environmental aspects, Environmental issues, Science and technology, Zoology and wildlife conservation
Abstract

Our growing awareness of the microbial worlds importance and diversity contrasts starkly with our limited understanding of its fundamental structure. Despite recent advances in DNA sequencing, a lack of standardized protocols and common analytical frameworks impedes comparisons among studies, hindering the development of global inferences about microbial life on Earth. Here we present a meta-analysis of microbial community samples collected by hundreds of researchers for the Earth Microbiome Project. Coordinated protocols and new analytical methods, particularly the use of exact sequences instead of clustered operational taxonomic units, enable bacterial and archaeal ribosomal RNA gene sequences to be followed across multiple studies and allow us to explore patterns of diversity at an unprecedented scale. The result is both a reference database giving global context to DNA sequence data and a framework for incorporating data from future studies, fostering increasingly complete characterization of Earths microbial diversity., Author(s): Luke R. Thompson [1, 2, 3]; Jon G. Sanders [1]; Daniel McDonald [1]; Amnon Amir [1]; Joshua Ladau [4]; Kenneth J. Locey [5]; Robert J. Prill [6]; Anupriya Tripathi [...]

Published
2017
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