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Background: Diabetes Mellitus is the global health problem all over the world. The millions of people facing morbidity and mortality due to poor glycemic control with their complications. Now a days many researchers working on the benefits of natural remedies to control and cure different diseases like diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia etc. Aims & Objectives: To evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of (combination of olive oil & garlic) on glycemic control with comparison conventional allopathic therapy. Study Design: Prospective Randomized control Trial (RCT). Setting: Institute of Biochemistry Sindh University Jamshoro. Period: Three months from 15th July to 15th October 2017. Methodology: Collaboration of diabetic clinic medical wards LUMHS Jamshoro. Total 160 patients recruited and divided into two groups control and case study group. Anti-diabetic drugs were given both group with same dose and balanced diet, formulated capsules containing 1.1 ml of olive oil & 500mgs of garlic powder were given only patients of case study group for 12 weeks. Fasting blood sugar levels were analyzed by glucose oxidase method at zero level, level - I, level - II, while HbA1c% was detected by micro lab at zero level & level - II. Results: The results of our study; shows that serum fasting level significantly (p value = <0.001) reduce in case study group as compared to control group, glycemic control significant (p= <0.001) better observed in case study group as compare with control group. Conclusion: Our study concluded that components of olive oil and garlic have hypoglycemic effects with good glycemic control. With proper usage of garlic and olive oil in diet of diabetic patients can maintain glycemic control with in normal limits. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

OBJECTIVE: To compare the serum magnesium levels in normal population, non-complicated patients of type - II diabetes mellitus and complicated patients of type-II diabetes mellitus with retinopathy & to observe the role of serum magnesium in development of retinopathy in patients of type-II diabetes mellitus. METHODOLOGY: Total 100 subjects were recruited divided in to three groups, group A contain 30 normal subjects consider as control group, group B contain 35 diagnosed cases of type-II diabetes mellitus without retinopathy and group C contain 35 diagnosed cases of type-II diabetes mellitus with retinopathy. Random blood glucose level was measured by glucose oxidase method; serum magnesium level was measured on Zeeman spectrophotometer. All data was analyzed on SPSS 16 by applying independent student t-test. RESULTS: The Mean Random Blood Glucose level was significantly high (p<0.05) in diabetic patients with retinopathy as compared to with control and diabetic with non-retinopathy groups. The serum magnesium level was significantly (p<0.001) decline in patients of type - II diabetes mellitus with retinopathy as compared with control group and diabetes mellitus without retinopathy. CONCLUSION: The hypomagnesaemia is one of the provoking factor for the development of diabetic retinopathy along with poor glycemic control and long duration of type - II diabetes mellitus. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the biochemical significance of Hyaluronic acid in liver fibrosis among chronic hepatitis C patients to eliminate repetitive liver biopsies. METHODOLOGY: Cross Sectional Comparative Analytical Study at FPGMI, Shaikh Zayed Hospital, Lahore from January 2017 to December 2017. This cross-sectional study, included patients of chronic hepatitis C (n = 250) along with controls (n =100). Serum hyaluronic acid assay (patients & controls) was performed using enzyme linked binding protein assay, using a capture molecule known as hyaluronic acid binding protein (HABP) along with quantitative Echelon (Echelon biosciences Inc. USA) used as reference standard. RESULTS: Total 350 participant both male and females participated for this study from these 350 samples, 100 normal samples were recruited as control group and 250 diagnosed cases of chronic hepatitis C patients were recruited as case study group. Serum Hyaluronic acid was significantly (P<0.001) elevated in patients (195.77 ±6.67) compared to controls (110.2 ±0.79) irrespective of gender involvement. CONCLUSION: The current findings showed significant involvement of HA in early prognosis of liver fibrosis and cirrhosis among chronic HCV patients that would probably useful to reduce repetitive liver biopsy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: Diabetes mellitus and dyslipidemia with their complications disclose unscrupulous impact on human health, and increase the rate of mortality all over the world. The allopathic medicine is being used and consumed all over the world for the treatment of hazardous disease and their complications. Nowadays hypothesis has raised that natural production like olive oil and garlic etc having potential benefits to control glycemic control, blood cholesterol, triglycerides, lipoproteins (Low density lipoprotein & High density lipoprotein). AIMS & OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effects of natural remedies (combination of olive oil & garlic) on serum cholesterol and serum triglyceride(TAG's) levels with comparison to conventional allopathic (statin) therapy. METHODOLOGY: This Randomized Control Trial (RCT) study conducted at Institute of Biochemistry Sindh University Jamshoro with collaboration of diabetic clinic medical wards LUMHS Jamshoro, Total 160 patients recruited and divided into two groups as control and case study group. Anti diabetic and statin drugs were given to each group with same dose and balanced diet, formulated capsules containing 1.1 ml of olive oil & 500mgs of garlic powder were given only patients of case study group for 3 months. Biochemical analysis of serum cholesterol & serum TAG'S was done at zero level, level - I & level - II by enzymatic caloric method on Cobas auto analyzer. RESULTS: The study presented that serum cholesterol level & serum TAG'S levels were statistically normalized in case study group as compared to control group. CONCLUSION: The natural remedies (Phyto therapy) have an important role in the treatment of dyslipidemia in type - II diabetic patients, so Phyto therapy can also takes part in the prevention of complications due to dyslipidemia in diabetic population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

OBJECTIVES: Pre-eclampsia is leading cause of maternal mortality and morbidity throughout the world. In Pakistan the mortality rate of pregnancy related problems is estimated to be approximately 500 per 100,000 live births. According to several studies oxidative stress and production of free radicles may be responsible for abnormal development of placenta results in the pathogenesis of pre-eclampsia. During oxidative stress Malondialdehyde has been proposed as novel factors concerned in development of pre-eclampsia. METHOD: Total 210 voluntaries were taken for the study, from which 50 voluntaries were normotensive healthy pregnant women as a control, 160 were patient with pre-eclampsia as cases. The subjects were recruited after taking obstetric history, anthropometric and clinical data. After taking informed consent, blood sample collected and stored for biochemical analysis. Malondialdehyde was analyzed on spectrophotometer. The study was conducted in Biochemistry Department Liaquat University of Medical & Health Sciences, Jamshoro from February 2015 to October 2015. RESULTS: Two hundred and ten subjects were included in this study. The Mean ± S.D of age of controls and pre-eclamptic subjects were noted as 27.5 ±4.5 and 27.38 ±4.3 years. Gestational ages of controls were 25.76 ±4.35 and cases were noted as 27.37 ±4.49 (p <0.053). The mean difference of serum Malondialdehyde levels in controls were 1.54 ±0.28 nmol/dl, while in pre-eclamptic subjects it was 2.42 ±0.63 nmol/dl which is highly significant and p <0.05 respectively. CONCLUSION: Malondialdehyde is index marker of lipid peroxidation. Increased formation of free radicles due to increased concentration of Malondialdehyde may put forward the possible involvement in the pathology of PE. The aim of this study to protects the mothers as well as her coming newborn from such life threatening disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: Pre eclampsia is the commonest obstetrical complication in pregnant women. The etiology of pre eclampsia has yet not been clearly understood. It has a worldwide prevalence of 2-10% of pregnancies and one of the major causes of increase in maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality. Zinc plays an important role in the course and eventual outcome of human pregnancy and is essential for normal embryogenesis and fetal growth. Zinc deficiency in pregnancy is thought to be associated with pre-eclampsia. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to investigate the serum zinc level in pre-eclampsia. PATIENTS AND METHODS: This Hospital based study conducted at Gynecology Department of Indus Medical Collage, Tando Muhammad Khan, Sindh from October 2015 to March 2016 with the Permission of Head of the Department and Principal of Institute. The study groups consist of 40 consecutive diagnosed cases of pre eclampsia and 40 women with normal pregnancies. The serum zinc level of the subjects under this study was determined using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer. RESULTS: The results of our study showed that serum Zinc level among the pre-eclamptic and was statistically significantly low as compared to normotensive pregnant women. CONCLUSION: The findings of current work are statistically significant to establish that concentration of serum zinc among preeclamptic subjects is lower than in the normotensive women during pregnancy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: The objective structured practical examination (OSPE) is a well-recognized method for assessing different domains of students. OSPE has been introduced in many medical institutions across the country for removing the bias in assessment in last few years. Objective: To assess the perceptions of new comers (1st year MBBS) students of Liaquat University of Medical & Health Sciences (LUMHS) regarding objective structured practical examination (OSPE). Study Design: Cross sectional descriptive study. Place and Duration of Study: study was conducted at OSPE center LUMHS Jamshoro in Oct 2016. Materials and Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted at OSPE center LUMHS Jamshoro. About 70 male and 130 female (N=200) students of first and second semester MBBS were enrolled through simple random sampling technique and were administered structured questionnaire to obtain student perceptions on OSPE method of examination. Results: The data showed that 80% of students consider it as best examination format to gain good score and 75% students commented that this pattern of examination saved time, 70% had an opinion that it is un-biased. Conclusion: OSPE assessment is better than conventional viva and practical examination. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]