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This study explores the membership management process in a franchise network. Via an in-depth case study of a German tire retail franchising network, we develop a four-stage process model of membership management in such a network, and find that the different membership management stages of selection, integration, stewardship and evaluation are based on a variety of underlying routines, such as bonding, embracing and assessing. We conceptualize the synergistic interplay of these routines as the franchise network's membership management capability, explaining how the franchisor effectively manages its diverse set of members over time. Our findings bridge research on franchising, and organizational as well as inter-organizational management capabilities, to contribute towards a more holistic understanding of how franchise networks, as collectives of organizations, are maintained and managed.

It has become apparent that a number of health and fitness centers continue to use outdated, inefficient, and ineffective methods when it comes to the management of their members. The technologies and methods at their disposal are neither appropriate nor current, and they often use several distinct IT systems to manage gym memberships. With an inf lux of boutique gyms opening, offering individualized membership and fitness services at a fraction of the cost of regular gyms, it is paramount that bigger gyms overcome their software limitations to retain current members.

This paper makes multi-dimensional big data analysis on the membership data of a well-known women’s bag fashion brand in China. We use a combination of data cleaning, data visualization, data classification, correlation analysis and data prediction. Based on these analyses, we found eight business insights and made twelve suggestions for business development of the fashion brand. These suggestions include both business development and strategic aspects, as well as suggestions for the upgrading of the member management system. The member management system of the fashion brand has not been very effective maintenance, for example, a lot of data is incomplete, which has a wide range of representation in the member management of Chinese enterprises. Our big data-based analysis method is of great significance for using these incomplete member data to guide the development of the business.

Associations are diverse but all share the need to manage their membership. There are features of being member-based that distinguish membership associations from other types of civil society organizations. These features give focus to four decision domains: membership involvement, roles, and size, and association financial foundation. After discussion of each of these decision domains, the chapter offers implications for practice and suggests research ideas that are specific to the membership association context.

While it is clear that destination marketing organizations (DMOs) bring business to hotels by promoting the destination, the focus of this study is to investigate what DMO services are valued more (or less) by DMOs and hotels. A qualitative approach was adopted in this inquiry, where the primary data were collected through two-phase semi-structured interviews with 14 industry practitioners working in DMOs or hotels. The first phase began with in-depth interviews with DMO representatives about the DMO services provided to hotels, using the interview protocol developed from a review of literature. An improved protocol was advanced with the DMOs’ inputs and then used in the second phase of the investigation to assess hotels’ evaluations on the DMO services received, as well as the areas that may need improvement. The data were analyzed with the content analysis method under seven services areas: membership management, training and education, data and research, lead generation, publication, networking opportunities, and cost sharing. In the end, the qualitative data collected in the two-phase interviews were further triangulated, leading to a development of a two-dimensional classification matrix of DMO services perceived by DMOs and hotels. The results reveal some discrepancies in regards to how DMOs and hotels value the DMO services, such as in lead generations as well as training and educational programs. Theoretical implications and specific practical recommendations for each of the seven service areas are provided to improve DMO services for hotels.

This paper analyzes the application requirements of stadium, and B / S architecture is used to design of stadium with intelligent management system, including five modules: systematic management, site management, membership management, sparring management and device management. SQLServer2005 database management system is used to establish a database system so that we can achieve seamless and efficient combination of ASP.NET applications. Finally, the basic module functions of the system were tested and the result shows that the system functions achieve the desired goals. It performed well and could improve efficiency greatly.

Organizational Analysis of Indonesian Waqf BoardThe emergence of the idea of ​​cash waqf is surprising to many people, especially experts and practitioners of Islamic economics. The method used in this research is a normative legal research method (legal research). One of the objectives the need to establish Indonesian Waqf Board is to promote and develop waqf. Indonesian Waqf Board plays an active role as a regulator, motivator, mediator, and also can play a role as the administrator of waqf itself (nazhir). Therefore, it is in the case of appointment Indonesian Waqf Board membership management needs are called upon with some requirements such as having the vision and mission of commitment to develop waqf, has a working knowledge of and experience in managing waqf assets in a professional manner on a national scale.DOI: 10.15408/ess.v6i1.3125

Worldwide recently, connectivity of everything became hot issue in electronics engineering to make the Internet of Things (IoT) possible. In a point of IoT, it has been problematic for conventional indoor positioning systems to adopt system where devices can communicate only at the designated time slots. We propose membership management and positioning method of multiple objects using an UWB communication. The simple and unique management algorithm is composed of two stages. In the first stage, a master device sends a signal to each tag devices in order to confirm the communication ability status. In the second stage, the master device sends another signal to the confirmed tags to initiate ranging and positioning. The efficiency of the proposed management algorithm compared to conventional method is proved by experiments in ordinary classroom which exemplifies indoor coverage in buildings.

Improved management of reading houses in the Ar-Ridlo Mosque, Belung Village, Poncokusumo, Malang District. The application used is SLIMS 8. The Senayan Library Management System (SLiMS) is an open source library management system (library management system) licensed under GPL v3. The steps we have taken are making a cataloging module, making a tracking module, creating a circulation module, making a membership management module, making a collection inventory module, making a series of serial management modules and a workshop on reading house management based on Slims 8. A management workshop has been conducted with material install programs, carry out an inventory of books, register members, save and borrow activities, member card printing and book numbers

This chapter provides an in-depth analysis on the anatomy of three P2P botnets that are focused in this book; GameOver Zeus, Sality and ZeroAccess. This analysis is partly done based on own reverse-engineering work as well as based on the work of other collaborators that have thoroughly studied botnets such as GameOver Zeus. Besides explaining the inner-workings of each botnet’s membership management mechanism, this chapter also describes the anti-monitoring mechanisms that are employed by the botnets to impede botnet monitoring attempts. The information provided in this chapter not only useful for the remaining part of this book, but is also able to provide a glimpse of the advancements of existing botnets to the readers.

While there is not much research on membership management – how associations recruit, engage and maintain members – the subject is very relevant to association managers. The goal of this research is to understand how Brazilian associations carry out membership management and how these management practices can vary depending on membership type, i.e., individual (APJ) or organizational (APJ). We developed a survey with questions about the profile of the association and its membership management practices, and obtained 99 valid responses – 42 APFs and 57 APJs. Main findings include that the difference in membership management practices between individual-based organizations and meta-organizations is smaller than the literature led to infer. The survey also revealed the predominance of uncompetitive governance, based on the “single ticket democracy” model, thus challenging the validity of the idea of associations as “democracy schools”. La gestión de membresía -cómo las asociaciones atraen, reclutan y mantienen miembros- es un tema poco explorado en la literatura, pero de importancia para los gestores de asociaciones. El objetivo de esta investigación es entender cómo se da la gestión de membresía, cuáles son las prácticas más utilizadas por las asociaciones brasileñas y cómo varían en función del tipo de miembro -individual (APF, por su sigla en portugués) u organización (APJ, por su sigla en portugués)-. Para ello, se desarrolló una encuesta con preguntas sobre el perfil de la asociación y sus prácticas de gestión asociativa, con 99 respuestas válidas. La principal conclusión es que la diferencia en las prácticas de gestión de membresía entre las organizaciones individuales y las metaorganizaciones es menor de lo que se suponía. Asimismo, el estudio reveló el predominio de una gobernanza poco competitiva, basada en el modelo de “democracia de un solo partido”, que desafía la validez de la idea de asociaciones como “escuelas de democracia”. A gestão de associados – como associações recrutam, engajam e mantêm membros – é um tema pouco explorado na literatura, mas relevante para gestores de associações. O objetivo desta pesquisa é entender como se dá a gestão de associados em associações brasileiras, quais são as práticas mais utilizadas por essas organizações e como elas variam em função de seu de tipo de membro – pessoa física (APF) ou jurídica (APJ). Para tanto, foi desenvolvida uma survey com questões sobre o perfil da associação e suas práticas de gestão associativa, contando com 99 respostas válidas – 42 APFs e 57 APJs. Como achados principais, tem-se que a diferença nas práticas de gestão de associados entre associações de base individual e metaorganizações é menor do que se poderia supor. A pesquisa também revelou a predominância de uma governança pouco competitiva, baseada no modelo de “democracia de chapa única”, desafiando, assim, a validade da ideia de associações como “escolas de democracia”.

A gestão de associados – como associações recrutam, engajam e mantêm membros – é um tema pouco explorado na literatura, mas relevante para gestores de associações. O objetivo desta pesquisa é entender como se dá a gestão de associados em associações brasileiras, quais são as práticas mais utilizadas por essas organizações e como elas variam em função de seu de tipo de membro – pessoa física (APF) ou jurídica (APJ). Para tanto, foi desenvolvida uma survey com questões sobre o perfil da associação e suas práticas de gestão associativa, contando com 99 respostas válidas – 42 APFs e 57 APJs. Como achados principais, tem-se que a diferença nas práticas de gestão de associados entre associações de base individual e metaorganizações é menor do que se poderia supor. A pesquisa também revelou a predominância de uma governança pouco competitiva, baseada no modelo de “democracia de chapa única”, desafiando, assim, a validade da ideia de associações como “escolas de democracia”.

The iTrust search and retrieval network is designed to impede attempts to censor or filter information accessed over the Internet, providing trustworthy access to information on the Web. In iTrust, a fully distributed membership algorithm and a detection/defensive adaptation algorithm act in concert to protect against malicious nodes in membership. By applying statistical inference for both detection and defensive algorithms, I was able to measure information that cannot be observed directly, such as the current size of the membership and the current proportion of malicious nodes in the network. Experimentation demonstrates that both algorithms are able to estimate these metrics quickly and accurately, to the point that the nodes can use them to manage the iTrust system, despite a high rate of membership churn, a large number of malicious nodes, and a mere partial view of network membership. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Accepted manuscript version. Published version at http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2701418. An attacker who controls a computer in an overlay network can effectively control the entire overlay network if the mechanism managing membership information can successfully be targeted. This article describes Fireflies, an overlay network protocol that fights such attacks by organizing members in a verifiable pseudorandom structure so that an intruder cannot incorrectly modify the membership views of correct members. Fireflies provides each member with a view of the entire membership, and supports networks with moderate total churn. We evaluate Fireflies using both simulations and PlanetLab to show that Fireflies is a practical approach for secure membership maintenance in such networks.

This document presents a survey prior to a thesis project, which aims to propose solutions allowing local and restricted access to the Web of data. We have explored several relevant mechanisms proposed in the literature, dedicated to various problems and likely to constitute important points for our future contributions. Since our main objective is to offer tools dedicated to mobility situations in environments where internet access is unreliable, we were particularly interested in comparing approaches (P2P, DHT, etc.) allowing to realize a particular fog/edge computing scenario which is restricted and local mobile access to contextually relevant and shared related data. In this context, we have focused some of our research on so-called gossip protocols (or epidemic protocols) that are well suited to the dynamic nature of networks. The dynamic aspect of the peers also led us to consider the solutions that take into account the location of the peers in order to improve the quality of the services offered.In addition, we looked at solutions dealing with semantic heterogeneity in peer-to-peer environments, including ontology alignment mechanisms that allow us to fully benefit from the power of peer-to-peer systems without imposing the use of a common ontology to all peers.Data replication and caching can be an important alternative to accessing remote sources; we have devoted the last part of this document to solutions based on these mechanisms to supply a local access to data.; Ce document présente un état de l'art préalable à un projet de thèse qui vise à proposer des solutions permettant un accès local et restreint au Web de données. Nous avons exploré plusieurs mécanismes pertinents proposés dans la littérature, dédiés à des problématiques différentes et pouvant constituer des points importants pour nos futures contributions. Notre objectif principal étant de proposer des outils dédiés à des situations de mobilité dans des environnements ou l’accès internet est peu fiable, nous nous sommes intéressés particulièrement à comparer des approches (P2P, DHT, etc.) permettant de réaliser un scénario de fog/edge computing particulier qui est l'accès mobile restreint et local à des données liées contextuellement pertinentes et partagées. Dans cette optique, nous avons focalisé une partie de nos recherches bibliographiques sur les protocoles dits de « gossip » (ou protocoles épidémiques) qui s’avèrent bien adaptés au caractère dynamique des réseaux. L'aspect dynamique des pairs nous a aussi amené à considérer des solutions qui prennent en compte la localisation des pairs pour améliorer la qualité des services offerts.Nous regardons de plus dans ce document, des solutions traitant de l’hétérogénéité sémantique dans des environnements pair-à-pair, notamment des mécanismes d’alignements d’ontologies qui permettent de profiter pleinement de la puissance des systèmes pair-à-pair sans imposer l’utilisation d’une ontologie commune à tous les pairs.La réplication et le cache de données pouvant constituer une alternative importante à l’accès à des sources distantes, nous avons consacré la dernière partie de ce document aux solutions reposant sur ces mécanismes et offrant ainsi un accès local aux données.

This document presents a survey prior to a thesis project, which aims to propose solutions allowing local and restricted access to the Web of data. We have explored several relevant mechanisms proposed in the literature, dedicated to various problems and likely to constitute important points for our future contributions. Since our main objective is to offer tools dedicated to mobility situations in environments where internet access is unreliable, we were particularly interested in comparing approaches (P2P, DHT, etc.) allowing to realize a particular fog/edge computing scenario which is restricted and local mobile access to contextually relevant and shared related data. In this context, we have focused some of our research on so-called gossip protocols (or epidemic protocols) that are well suited to the dynamic nature of networks. The dynamic aspect of the peers also led us to consider the solutions that take into account the location of the peers in order to improve the quality of the services offered.In addition, we looked at solutions dealing with semantic heterogeneity in peer-to-peer environments, including ontology alignment mechanisms that allow us to fully benefit from the power of peer-to-peer systems without imposing the use of a common ontology to all peers.Data replication and caching can be an important alternative to accessing remote sources; we have devoted the last part of this document to solutions based on these mechanisms to supply a local access to data.; Ce document présente un état de l'art préalable à un projet de thèse qui vise à proposer des solutions permettant un accès local et restreint au Web de données. Nous avons exploré plusieurs mécanismes pertinents proposés dans la littérature, dédiés à des problématiques différentes et pouvant constituer des points importants pour nos futures contributions. Notre objectif principal étant de proposer des outils dédiés à des situations de mobilité dans des environnements ou l’accès internet est peu fiable, nous nous sommes intéressés particulièrement à comparer des approches (P2P, DHT, etc.) permettant de réaliser un scénario de fog/edge computing particulier qui est l'accès mobile restreint et local à des données liées contextuellement pertinentes et partagées. Dans cette optique, nous avons focalisé une partie de nos recherches bibliographiques sur les protocoles dits de « gossip » (ou protocoles épidémiques) qui s’avèrent bien adaptés au caractère dynamique des réseaux. L'aspect dynamique des pairs nous a aussi amené à considérer des solutions qui prennent en compte la localisation des pairs pour améliorer la qualité des services offerts.Nous regardons de plus dans ce document, des solutions traitant de l’hétérogénéité sémantique dans des environnements pair-à-pair, notamment des mécanismes d’alignements d’ontologies qui permettent de profiter pleinement de la puissance des systèmes pair-à-pair sans imposer l’utilisation d’une ontologie commune à tous les pairs.La réplication et le cache de données pouvant constituer une alternative importante à l’accès à des sources distantes, nous avons consacré la dernière partie de ce document aux solutions reposant sur ces mécanismes et offrant ainsi un accès local aux données.

Internet of Things (IoT) faces different architectural challenges to meet the large scale application issues, the heterogeneity, and the self-adaptivity. Many IoT applications require a dynamic construction of the system and should ensure a high degree of reliability. To this end, we propose the ReDy architecture, which is a reusable solution for reliable and dynamic distributed IoT applications. In this paper we propose a formalization and validation of the ReDy architecture. For this end, we propose a formal model using LNT language. We propose also a suitable algorithm to implement a reliable and dynamic membership management. Then we give a formal validation of this critical part based on formal modeling and model checking techniques.

The purpose of this study is to introduce the concept of membership management in Large-Scale International Science Projects by addressing those variables that are influential in establishing and maintaining commitment through a dynamic economic, scientific, cultural, and political environment. We conduct a systematic literature review and we find that 77% of the research papers in our sample mention at least one of these four variables. This paper analyzes the evolution of these four variables in the context of ITER, currently the world's largest scientific project, and concludes with several propositions that provide insightful contributions for the discipline of technology management.

The contribution looks into the mechanisms of interactively establishing identities by managing memberships in the special case of telling a researcher about experiences and assessments with respect to public authorities. Drawing on the particular potential of these data, it is shown how the tasks of assigning memberships and ascribing appropriate category-bound activities are performed within evaluative practices and how general assessments and singular personal experiences are intertwined to position the teller in the ongoing interaction.

In this paper, travel services rely on a travel service network platform, the system is divided into two parts. Foreground is based on personalized recommendation and divided into hotels, travel blog module, Special, theme planning, business travel, interactive community. The background is mainly to manage the entire site, including system updates, maintenance, membership management subsystem management, website information feedback, hotels and other sub-functions. The recommendation supports part mainly includes three parts, in fact personalized recommended module of data resource module, travel plans, travel information retrieval module data resource module is the latter two data support.

Grid environments provide the mechanism to share heterogeneous resources among nodes. Because of the similarity between grid environments and P2P networks, the structures of P2P networks can be adapted to enhance scalability and efficiency in deployment and to search for services. In this paper, we present a membership management based on a hierarchical ring which constructs P2P-like Grid environments. The proposed approach uses only a limited number of connections, reducing communication cost. Also, it only keeps local information for membership, which leads to a further reduction in management cost. This paper analyzes the performance of the approach by simulation and compares it with other approaches.

Off-the-Record Messaging (OTR) is an online analogy of face-to-face private chat -- messages are confidential and authenticated at the time of the conversation, but cannot later be used to prove authorship. The original OTR protocol is limited to two parties, and is extended by multi-party OTR (mpOTR) to the group chat setting. In doing this, mpOTR unintentionally weakens the security properties provided by its two-party predecessor. We propose an improved group OTR (GOTR)protocol that provides unconditional repudiability, and show how to obtain data origin authentication given this level of repudiability.GOTR resists network failure, colluding and independent malicious insiders, and provides efficient and flexible membership management. We analyze the security properties and performance of GOTR, and present measurement results of a proof-of-concept implementation of GOTR.

The issue elaborated the feasibility of system, the requirements of department, the mode of supermarket and the technology which is used by system according to department of software engineering principles. We designed the function of system according to the need of member ship supermarket, we made full use of information source not only to offer the qualified products, circumspect service, but also provided the humanize membership management.

An efficient identity management has been an aspiring and dream for many nations and organizations. The objectives for uniquely identifying individuals have been different for different entities. For some, the need for better security had been the driving factor, while for others identity management would mean better transparency and improved efficiency. The challenges in implementing an efficient identity management mechanism in a country like India are immense. In this paper we have tried to identify the challenges and factors effecting identity management in rural India at a micro level by studying the membership management of Self Employed Women’s Association (SEWA) an organization working in rural districts of India.

Peer-to-Peer technologies have been widely applied for multimedia applications. The super-peer based approach provides an efficient way to run applications by exploring nodes' heterogeneity. In P2P live video streaming, even though the number of stable nodes is small, they have significant impact on the performance of the network. Thus, we present a super-peer-based overlay design, where stable nodes are assigned as super-peers that organize client nodes. A gossip-based super-peer selection algorithm (GSPS) is proposed to identify the stable nodes to be chosen as super-peers and to manage the client nodes (namely the membership management). The basic idea of the GSPS is: first, a set of super-peer candidates for a node is built based on the gossip, then the role of this node is identified and the corresponding operations are executed. Simulation results show that the GSPS is efficient in managing the super-peer overlay and robust to the failure of super-peers.

MANETs are self-organizing networks composed of mobile wireless nodes with often scarce resources. Distributed applications based on the P2P paradigm are by nature good candidates to run over such networks. To profit from the service provided by a P2P overlay (e.g. file sharing using BitTorrent), a peer needs to be permanently informed about the other members of the overlay (e.g. other peers interested in the same file as currently provided by the BitTorrent central tracker). However, this P2P membership management is a costly and difficult task in a dynamic and resource limited environment as a MANET. We focus on this problem and we propose a robust, network friendly and decentralized membership management protocol allowing peer discovery and update. Compared to flooding, client-server or multicast based approaches, our protocol achieves significantly lower network overhead and less pollution of global view caused by peers who have left. Moreover, as network splits are very frequent in MANETs, our protocol is designed to be partition-aware. Namely, it allows separate overlays providing the same P2P service to efficiently merge together when direct communication opportunities occur. The efficiency of our solution is validated through extensive NS-2 simulations.

KISTI-ACOMS has been developed as a part of the national project for raising the information society index of academic societies that began in 2001. ACOMS automates almost every activity of academic societies, including membership management, journal processing, conference organization, and e-journal management and provides a search system. ACOMS can be customized easily by the system administrator of an academic society. The electronic databases built by ACOMS are serviced to the users through the KISTI website (http://www.yeskisti.net) along with other journal databases created in a conventional way. KISTI plans to raise the usage ratio of the ACOMS database to deliver society services up to 100% in the future.

The importance of franchising as a form of inter-organizational cooperation is widely acknowledged in the entrepreneurship and management literature. However, high failure rates among franchisors a...

A new adaptive gossip-based membership management algorithm is proposed. Its adaptive nature enables it to confine the control overhead to local ranges, and adapt to the ever-changing network traffic conditions and group membership. The random nature of the algorithm ensures that it can cope with random failures and offer proactive measures to maintain service at a certain level. Mathematical analysis and simulation results indicate that more than 90% of the nodes can work properly even under very high network dynamics (with a short half-life time of 50 seconds), and all these are achieved by using a relatively low overhead

In this paper we propose a novel probabilistic broadcast protocol that reduces the average end-to-end latency by dynamically adapting to network topology and traffic conditions. It does so by using an unique strategy that consists in adjusting the fanout and preferred targets for different gossip rounds as a function of the properties of each node. Node classification is light-weight and integrated in the protocol membership management. Furthermore, each node is not required to have full knowledge of the group membership or of the network topology. The paper shows how the protocol can be configured and evaluates its performance with a detailed simulation model.

Peer-to-peer (P2P) technology has undergone rapid growth, producing new protocols and applications, many of which enjoy considerable commercial success and academic interest. Yet, P2P applications are often based on com- plex protocols, whose behavior is not completely understood. We believe that in order to enable an even more widespread adoption of P2P systems in commer- cial and scientific applications, what is needed is a modular paradigm in which well-understood, predictable components with clean interfaces can be combined to implement arbitrarily complex functions. The goal of this paper is to promote this idea by describing our initial experiences in this direction. Our recent work has resulted in a collection of simple and robust components, which include ag- gregation and membership management. This paper shows how to combine them to obtain a novel load-balancing algorithm that is close to optimal with respect to load transfer. We also describe briefly our simulation environment, explicitly designed to efficiently support our modular approach to P2P protocol design.

Gossip-based broadcast algorithms, a family of probabilistic broadcast algorithms, trade reliability guarantees against "scalability" properties. Scalability in this context has usually been expressed in terms of message throughput and delivery latency, but there has been little work on how to reduce the memory consumption for membership management and message buffering at large scale.This paper presents lightweight probabilistic broadcast ( lpbcast ), a novel gossip-based broadcast algorithm, which complements the inherent throughput scalability of traditional probabilistic broadcast algorithms with a scalable memory management technique. Our algorithm is completely decentralized and based only on local information: in particular, every process only knows a fixed subset of processes in the system and only buffers fixed "most suitable" subsets of messages. We analyze our broadcast algorithm stochastically and compare the analytical results both with simulations and concrete implementation measurements.