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This study describes for the first time in Ukraine the results of serological screening for antibodies to Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato (s.l.) in the population of pet and stray dogs. The study was conducted in the city of Bila Tserkva, Kyiv region, in 2021 and 2022. A total of 351 serum samples were examined, of which 168 were collected from pet dogs and 183 from stray dogs. The study included the use of serological methods, including immunochromatographic analysis, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and Line blot is a simplified form of Western Blot. The results of the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay showed that 14 positive samples from stray dogs had specific antibodies to B. burgdorferi s.l. In addition, 10 questionable serum samples were received, all from stray dogs. Further testing of the questionable samples using a Line blot assay showed that five of them contained antibodies to highly specific surface proteins of B. burgdorferi s.l., in particular to p100, VlsE and p18, confirming the presence of a natural infection. The remaining five samples were negative, indicating nonspecific immunoassay reactions. In contrast, the results of immunochromatographic analysis did not reveal any positive serum samples, which casts doubt on the possibility of using this method as a rapid screening tool for seroprevalence studies and requires further investigation. In summary, the study showed that the seroprevalence of Lyme borreliosis among the studied population of stray dogs remained stable between 2021 and 2022, with rates of 10.2% and 10.7%, respectively, without a statistically significant difference (p=0.9164). In contrast, the studied population of pet dogs was consistently seronegative for B. burgdorferi s.l. in both years. Statistical analysis revealed a significant difference in seroprevalence between the stray and pet dog populations studied (p

Culling due to poor condition, weight loss, mortalityand, as a result, economic losses due to perosa, accordingto various estimates, 1-5% of the group of birds. Due to thedysfunction of the limbs, the bird can suffer from a numberof diseases. Lack of essential nutrients play an important rolein the development of perosis in poultry. Often in farms dueto cost savings, reduce the cost of feed for broilers, which inturn can lead to metabolic disorders in poultry. Therefore, thediagnosis of these disorders requires new approaches. Modernscience is increasingly inclined to non-invasive diagnosis ofmetabolic pathologies. In human medicine, nails and hair areused to study persistent micronutrient deficiencies. And inveterinary medicine in the study of micronutrient deficienciesas a method of non-invasive diagnosis using animal hair.According to the results of our research, theconcentrations of microelements (Zn, Mn) in the feathers of14, 21 and 28-days-old clinically healthy and feathery broilerchickens were determined. On day 14 of the disease, theconcentration of Zinc and Manganese in broiler chickens withperosis was 65.6 ± 2.73 and 17.4 ± 0.79 μg / g, which wasprobably higher than in clinically healthy birds 46.5 ± 1.57(p

It has been established that the level of blood parameters in the body of sheep is not always stable and often depends on the breed, sex, their physiological state, the level of productivity, feeding and housing conditions. Among the factors that determine the optimal sheep nutritional level, not the last place is occupied by their provision with a sufficient amount of essential amino acids, especially lysine, methionine, cystine, and vitamins, given their physiological importance for the animal body. The overwhelming amount of them is able to be synthesized in the sheep rumen with the help of microorganisms of the gastrointestinal tract, however, some of them are irreplaceable, that is, those whose balance must be replenished through feed rations. The article describes the use of the vitamin-amino acid complex "Аlphabet for Animals" in sheep, containing a complex of fat-and water-soluble vitamins, as well as amino acids, which contribute to the normalization of metabolism in the body of small ruminants, increase its resistance, have a positive effect on productivity, safety and reproductive animals functions. During the research, the effect of this feed additive on hemocytopoiesis and the exchange of essential micronutrients in ewes were studied. After a double use of the additive, an increase in the processes of erythrocytopoiesis was established, as evidenced by an increase in the number of blood erythrocytes by 21.2% and the hemoglobin content by 11.2%, stabilization of the size and degree of saturation of erythrocytes with hemoglobin, as evidenced by a decrease in MCH and MCV indices. There were no significant changes in the content of essential micronutrients in the blood serum of sheep under the influence of the "Alphabet for Animals", and a slight increase of zinc content in the blood was noted in sheep after the second injection of the drug. At the same time, in the blood of experimental animals group a significant increase the iron content on average up to 129.5±7.33 μg/100 ml (p

Chronic pathological process in kidney saff ect the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid system and peripheral metabolism of thyroid hormones. Pathological blood components, which accumulate due to intoxication of metabolic products, the uremic toxins, can aff ect the metabolism of T3 - and T4 -hormones. In cows on the Ukraine territory such thyroid diseases as hypothyroidism, less often hyperthyroidism, endemic and sporadic goiter, diff use toxic goiter, tumors were detected, changes in the functional state of the thyroid gland with ketosis, osteodystrophy, hepatodystrophy, polymorbidic pathology were described. Metabolic diseases, which are based on impaired absorption of certain macro-and micronutrients, determine the functional activity of the thyroid gland. The data presented in the article indicate the develop of latent nephropathy in cows during the early milking period with the background of reduced energy supply, which was refl ected in the disorders of fi ltration, excretory and concentration capacity of renal structures with a probable decrease the urea (p

Toxicobiological eff ect of mycotoxins association of the Penicillium and Fusarium fungus (T-2 toxin at a concentration of 0.1 mg/kg, fumonisin B1 ‒ 0.5 mg/kg, vomitoxin (DON) ‒ 0.1 mg/kg, penicillic acid ‒ 1 mg/kg) was accompanied by the development of a complex pathological process in weaned piglets. In this regard, the detoxifi cation and sorption capacity of the complex feed additive "Harufi x+" based on mannanoligosaccharides was studied. The additive eff ect on the resorptive activity of mineral and vitamin nutrients of feed under the normal feeding conditions and in case of contamination with mycotoxins has been studied. The use of enterosorbent off set the toxic eff ects of micromycete metabolites, which contributed to the growth of piglets. Thus, weight growth rate increase of the piglets in group 1 (i.e., those whose diet included the additive, unlike the diet of the animals in control group) constituted 16 %, while their average weight growth rate was high and constituted 1.96 kg per day. In addition, during the study of calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, ferum, zinc, copper and manganese in the piglets blood was not found excretion of these elements with a sorbent, moreover, noted the normalization their blood level. The study content of vitamins A and E, the same as with mineral nutrients, has not been established decrease during treatment with study the pharmaceutical. The obtained results testify the active absorption in the gastrointestinal tract of the vitamin components within the fodder combined with fodder additive “Harufi x+” and high biological accessibility of its transport forms. The effi ciency of the additive can be explained by its composition, namely the complex of mineral and organic components that are formed by modifi cation of the organic cations of the mineral surface.

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a recent problem due to the high prevalence of the disease and the high mortality of patients. The most common complications of type I and II diabetes include heart and kidney damage. Metformin, as a first-line drug in the treatment of type 2 diabetes, are known to reduce the risk of cardiovascular and renal complications. Recently, metformin has been shown to increase H2 S in the organs of rats, which is a known cardio- and nephroprotector. However, the effect of metformin on H2 S metabolism in the heart and kidneys in experimental diabetes remains uncertain. The ability of H2 S donors to modify the antidiabetic effect of metformin is also unknown. Objective: to evaluate the effect of metformin and its combination with sodium hydrogen sulfide on H2 S system, the content of profibrogenic mediator galectin-3, the activity of free radical oxidation of lipids and proteins in the heart and kidneys of rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes. Object and methods of research. The experiments were carried out on 40 white laboratory rats of both sexes, weight 220-280 g. DM model was initiated by a single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (40 mg/kg) in three groups of animals. From the 3rd to the 28th day after streptozotocin injection, one group of animals was administered metformin (500 mg/kg) intragastrically once per day, and the other group along with metformin was administered a H2 S donor – NaHS • H2 O (3 mg/kg) once per day intraperitoneally. Peripheral blood glucose was measured using a glucometer, galectin-3 levels were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit in myocardial and renal homogenates, H2 S content, cystathionine-γ-lyase (CGL) activity, levels of malonic dialdehyde (MDA group) and carbonic acid. Statistical processing of the results was performed using SPSS Statistica 17.0. Research results. According to our results, a single injection of streptozotocin caused a number of metabolic disturbances : an increase in blood glucose by 4.6 times (p

The article covers the optimization of the illumination of crowns and the coloring of apple fruits cv. Jonagold (Wilmuta) in the orchard on dwarf rootstock M.9 T337 under hail-protective net for different systems of soil maintenance in the inter-rows and tree strips. The purpose of the study was to optimize the illumination of crowns and the cover color of apples in the intensive orchard under the anti-hail net with different soil maintenance systems in the inter-rows and tree strips. The soil retention between the rows were black soil and periodically moved grass, in the tree strips 1.0 m wide there were a herbicide strip, spring mulching with a two-layer agro-cloth (white side up) and a mirror film, that was covered one month before the harvest. A black anti-hail net with 0.3 x 0.3 cm cells and a density of 0.08 kg / m2 was covered at the height of 3.4 m above the tree crowns in early June. The luminous mode of the crowns was determined by a light meter, and the results were calculated as a percentage of the total illumination on the open area. Similarly, in August, the level of reflected light was determined (as a percentage of the full outdoor area). The degree of covering color of apples was sorted according to the EU standard, and the influences of the studied factors were evaluated by multivariate analysis of variance. It is established that the crown lighting of 16–18-year-old trees is slightly lower under the hail protective net with a slightly higher index for black soil in the inter-rows. In the tree strips, the illumination was usually the lowest in the lower 0.5-meter part of the crown with herbicides in the tree strips and significantly increases in the grass between rows with the reflective film in the tree strips. The highest illumination is obtained in a black soil system between the rows without an anti-hail net, especially at a height of 0.5-1.0 m, and somewhat lower for the grass between rows. The maximum level of surface color of apples is obtained with a reflective film or agro-fabric in the tree strips and black soil in the inter-rows, and the number of fruits with a full color of the skin was achieved on the reflective film in both systems maintenance of inter-rows (with or without an anti-hail net).

The article coveres the research results of natural losses and changes in marketable quality of pears cv. Yanis (Noyabrska) for mass and late harvesting during refrigeration storage, depending on the cooling delay after harvest and postharvest treatment with 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP). Pears were harvested in two terms – the first, with the onset of harvest maturity (beginning of harvest maturity, mass collection) and the second one a week later (full harvesting maturity, late collection), taking into account flesh firmness, content of dry soluble substances and iodine-starch test. Homogeneous in degree of ripeness, products of a higher commodity grade with a diameter of not less than 70 mm were selected from typical trees, which were placed in boxes of 15 kg capacity with chess laying and overlaying of each layer with paper. Also, polyethylene nets with fruits were placed there to record for natural losses. The number of boxes of each variant corresponded to the periodicity of the commodity analysis. After harvesting, part of the fruit was immediately cooled at 5±1 °C and 85–90 % relative humidity, the other part was cooled after a 24-hour exposure at a temperature of 18...20 °C and relative humidity of 55...60 %. The next day, the fruits were treated with 1-MCP with an experimental dose of 500 ppb (0.034 g/m3) of Smart Fresh. After 24 hour-exposure, the container was removed, the treated and control fruits were stored in a refrigerated chamber at a temperature of 2±0.5 °C and relative humidity of 85–90 %. It has been found out that for a rational fertilization system of a pear orchard and post-harvest treatment with a dose of 500 ppb 1-MCP at a temperature of 2±0.5 °С, a successful, with a 90 % output of marketable products, six-month refrigerated storage of pears from a mass collection (regardless of 24-hour cooling delay) was achieved. Similar results were also obtained for fruits collected in late harvest maturity, regardless of the delayed cooling and treatment of 1-MCP. During six-month storage, there were no losses due to browning of the skin and the pulp and 3.2 times less losses from the rotting of fruits of mass collection with a delay of cooling and post-harvest treatment of 1-MCP. Under the excessive use of potassium fertilizers, only four-month storage of fruits with 90 % output of marketable products is possible, with the exception of untreated 1-MCP and instantly cooled fruit of mass collection. After treatment with an ethylene inhibitor, after a six-month storage, the output of marketable products for fruit of mass collection was 3.1–6.1 times higher and the output for late-harvested fruits with less losses from flesh browning was 1.2–2.4 times higher. Regardless of the cooling delay, post-harvest 1-MCP ensures the lack of rotting in pears of mass harvesting with insignificant effects on the level of natural product losses

BACKGROUND: Nutritional impairment is associated with treatment toxicity and worse overall survival in patients with cancer. We aimed to (1) evaluate the association of nutritional impairment with psychological health and quality of life (QOL) and (2) examine which measures of nutrition had the strongest association with psychological health and QOL among older adults receiving cancer treatment with palliative intent. METHODS: This secondary analysis was performed on baseline data from a nationwide cluster randomized clinical trial (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT02107443; PI: Mohile). Adults age ≥70 with advanced cancer and ≥1 geriatric assessment (GA) impairment were enrolled from 2014 to 2017. In line with geriatric oncology standards, we defined nutritional impairment as Mini Nutritional Assessment Short Form (MNA-SF) ≤11, body mass index (BMI) 10% involuntary weight loss in the past 6 months. We conducted multivariable linear regressions to evaluate the association of nutritional impairment with each measure of psychological health and QOL: Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-15, range 0-15), Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7, range 0-21), NCCN Distress Thermometer (NCCN DT, range 0-10), and Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-General (FACT-G, range 0-108). Analyses were adjusted for patient demographics, clinical characteristics, and GA. RESULTS: Among 541 patients, the mean age was 77 (range 70-96) and 60% had nutritional impairment. Mean baseline scores: GDS-15 3.1 (SD 2.7), GAD-7 2.9 (SD 4.0), NCCN DT 2.9 (SD 2.7), and FACT-G 80 (SD 15). In the adjusted model, compared to those with no nutritional impairment, older adults with nutritional impairment had greater depression (β = 0.79, 95% CI 0.36-1.23) and anxiety severity (β = 0.86, 95% CI 0.19-1.53), and worse QOL (β = -6.31, 95% CI -8.62 to -4.00). Of the measures of nutrition, MNA-SF ≤11 demonstrated the strongest associations with depression, anxiety, distress, and QOL. CONCLUSION: Nutritional impairment is associated with impaired psychological health and worse QOL. Clinicians should use the MNA-SF to screen older adults for nutritional impairment and offer tailored supportive interventions.

The integration of Ukrainian higher education into the European educational area is a key condition for its reform and development. It provides for the activation of cooperation between Ukraine and the European Union in the field of higher education, harmonization of higher education systems, deepening of cooperation between higher education institutions of different countries, increasing the quality and importance of higher education in social processes, expanding the autonomy of universities and participation in academic mobility programs. The model of the European integration of higher education in Ukraine was developed. It can be used by other countries, taking into account the national features of their educational systems. The completeness of the adopted decisions and implemented measures regarding the modernization of the structure of higher education and the National Framework of Qualifications, the introduction of modern standards and educational programs, the principles and mechanisms of their development and implementation, compliance with European norms of organisation of educational process were studied and evaluated. The process of development the National Agency for Higher Education Quality Assurance as the key element of the quality system was analyzed. It has been established that all measures are carried out according to European practices and are consistent with the goals set by the Strategy for the Development of Higher Education in Ukraine in 2022-2032. These are significant steps towards improving the quality of Ukrainian higher education. It was determined that certain components of European integration are still in the process of implementation. It was emphasized that significant efforts will be required to rebuild Ukraine as a whole, to restore and develop higher education, in particular, in the postwar period in connection with the losses incurred because of the aggression of the Russian Federation.

The article is presented research results of natural losses and changes in marketable quality of apples cv. Honeyсrisp different harvesting times during refrigeration storage, depending on the regime of cooling and postharvest treatment 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP). It was found that economically appropriate storage of apples cv. Honeyсrisp with natural weight loss up to 10% was achieved by harvesting the fruit at the mass picking time with a weekly exposure at 10 °C, followed by slow cooling at 1 °C per day and a cold storage at the temperature of 2±1 °C. The delay of the picking and immediate cooling of fruits to a temperature of 5 °C have caused mass apple destruction of soft scald. Postharvest treatment of 1-MCP inhibits fruit rot, but not limited soft scald and natural weight loss is not affected

The research results of the changes of growth and foliage parameters the mother plants of apple rootstocks 54- 188 in stoolbed under treatment with α-naftylacetamid (NAA) were presented in the paper. It was found out that treatment of shoot base of mother plants with 10% aqueous solution of NAA before the first hilling (application rate of 2.0 ml / l) increased the height and thickness of layers, number of leaves and leaf area

The article presents the results of research as to the influence of contour pruning on the illumination of parts of the crown of apple cvs. Wilmuta (Jonagold), Gala and Golden Delicious on M.9 rootstock (with manual correction of the space between trees). The illumination of trees is growing with the height increase; however the greatest value is detected at the top of the crown. The index is considerably larger in the case of contour pruning in the phase of a pink bud and the greatest influence on its change is caused by the action of the term of pruning

Along with fresh fruits and vegetables, juice takes an important place in nutrition. In Ukraine, the level of consumption during the year is about ten liters of juice per person, in Western Europe – 30, and in the USA – 60 liters per person. The consumption of freshly–squeezed juice «fresh» is growing, which, in the absence of heat treatment, preserves the valuable components of fresh fruit and exceeds the taste properties of reproduced juice from concentrate. The quality and chemical composition of the fruits used to produce the juice "fresh" during storage are changing – the weight is lost, the taste and consumer properties change. A promising method of preserving fruit quality – post–harvest treatment with 1–methylcyclopropеne – inhibits overripening, functional disorders and microbiological diseases, and maintains flesh firmness and components of chemical composition. The freshly–squeezed juice output from the late winter apples cvs. Idared, Golden Delicious, Jonagold and Reinette Simirenko was investigated immediately after harvesting and three, five and seven months of cold storage with additional shelf–life at temperature of 20 °C for seven and fourteen days. The fruits were cooled to 4 ... 6 °C, then they were treated with 1–MCP and stored at 3 ± 1 °C and relative humidity of 85–90% (without treatment – control). It was found out that the late winter apples after harvest show fresh juice yield of 65–70 % with the highest index for the fruits of Jonagold variety and the lowest – for those of Reinette Simirenko. The juice output is reduced with the extension of the duration of storage and fruit exposure at 20 °C. Compared with the indicator of recently collected fruits, the juice output from treated 1–MCP apples after seven–month storage was 12–21 % less (from untreated ones – by 24–62 %). Postharvest treatment of Reinette Simirenko apples with 1–methylcyclopropene provide 49–51 % of the juice output after seven months of storage, while untreated fruits for the production of freshly–squeezed juice «fresh» are not suitable due to the lack of standard products. After a one–week shelf–life at 20 °С, juice output from untreated fruits is 0.2–3.4 % less (treated ones – by 1.0–2.3) relative to the index at the time of fruit harvest from seven–month storage, and after two–week shelf–life juice output is lower by 8.4–42.5 and 3.8–24.6 %, respectively

The purpose of the study is to determine the peculiarities of the poetics of the literature of new sincerity as polemically sharpened against postmodern irony, scepticism and cynicism and to identify the poetics of new sincerity in K. Ishiguro’s novel “Never Let Me Go”. To achieve this goal, the author uses cultural-historical, cultural-philosophical, hermeneutical research methods. The paper traces the formation of the concept of ‘sincerity’, which has been transformed over many centuries, acquiring new meanings against the background of different eras. The concept of ‘sincerity’ is considered in the context of cultural philosophy and literary criticism. Much attention is paid to the opposition between the new sincerity and postmodern irony, which is analysed not only as an artistic manifestation but also as a way of thinking. The phenomenon of new sincerity is considered in the work as a reaction to the socio-cultural shifts that led to the end of the postmodern era. The research attempts to identify the differentiating features of the poetics of the works that make up the layer of the literature of new sincerity. Among them are the peculiarity of the issues, which consists in the aggravation of problems of a more intimate, personal nature, the originality of the hero, who is a reflective personality who pays great attention to his inner world, is concerned with the issue of self- identification; characteristic narrative style, which is characterised by the presence of a diegetic narrator and a confessional character; deep psychologism and empathy; appeal to universal values; self-irony as an indicator of the writer’s individual style or the complete absence of irony. Kazuo Ishiguro’s dystopian novel is studied from the perspective of aesthetics and poetics of new sincerity. The study has made it possible to draw conclusions about the characteristic features of the work inherent in the literature of new sincerity. Thus, the narrative in the work is conducted on behalf of a diegetic narrator who is preoccupied with issues of self-identification and cognition of his inner world. The narrative style invites the reader to an active dialogue and promotes empathy, including for working through their own psychological problems. The fragmentary affective narrative style is supported by the minimal plot intensity, which allows for a deep psychological impact. The images of the novel’s characters are fully consistent with the paradigm characteristic of the literature of new sincerity. The author traces the presence of motifs of home, road, understatement, loss, death, and conscious sacrifice, which are used to implement the humanistic idea of the work, and their into the opposite. The author draws conclusions about the opposition to the new sincerity of postmodernism at all levels of a work of art. Thus, the novel lacks the dominant function of play; on the contrary, the text of the novel is extremely simple, artistic means are minimised, and the narrative style is as close as possible to a conversational diary confession. One of the aims is to find ethical absolutes that could be relied upon in a globalised world where all borders have been erased. The novel’s eclectic and fragmentary images of postmodernism give way to complex, multifaceted, and carefully drawn ones. The behaviour and various reactions of the characters are psychologically motivated. The novel shows a refusal to depersonalise the action due to the dominant function of the diegetic narrator and a complete rejection of postmodern irony.

Changing climatic conditions necessitate continued research to refine sowing dates for new winter wheat varieties and determine the level of their influence on productivity indicators, taking into account the specific weather conditions of the year. Therefore, the study of sowing dates, especially for innovative varieties with intensive initial growth, remains a relevant issue. This research aimed to determine and adapt to the conditions of the Southern Steppe of Ukraine the optimal and permissible sowing dates for new winter wheat varieties to achieve the highest possible level of realisation of their genetic potential in terms of yield and grain quality. Field experiments were conducted in 2021-2023 under the conditions of the Odesa Region. The main method used in the experiment was field research, which was supplemented by analytical studies, measurements, calculations, and observations. The harvest was recorded using a continuous threshing method with a SAMPO selection combine. It was established that the highest grain yield of winter wheat over the three-year study was achieved with sowing on 5 October. In 2021-2022, the average yield was 3.60 t/ha, while in 2022/2023, it increased to 3.90 t/ha. The highest yields were recorded for the following winter wheat varieties sown on 5 October (average for 2021-2022): Dovira Odeska – 4.03 t/ha, Katrusia Odeska – 5.16 t/ha, Pokrovska – 4.48 t/ha, Hospodarka Odeska – 4.28 t/ha, and Udacha Odeska – 4.08 t/ha (2022/2023). It was found that the grain quality of winter cereals largely depends on the year’s weather conditions, variety, and sowing dates. The best results for these indicators were obtained with sowing on 5 October. However, for all winter wheat varieties, there was a tendency towards an increase in protein and gluten content in the grain when sown on 15 October. Thus, the practical value of this research lies in identifying the adaptability of new-generation winter wheat varieties to unfavourable growing conditions, realising their potential genetic yield, and determining the optimal and permissible sowing dates in the soil and climatic conditions of the Southern Steppe of Ukraine

The research results of the changes of marketable product quality and natural losses during common cold storage and a shelf life period of 7 days at 20°C (cv. Golden Delicious) under post-harvest treatment with 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) were presented in the paper. It was found out that postharvest treatment of apples (cv. Golden Delicious) with 1-MCP increased marketable products output by 0,6–16,9% with the advantage of higher commodity grade and reduced a natural loss. Postharvest treatment ensures 1.5 times lower losses from wilting, 2.5 – from fruit rot

The article examines the results of a study of the resilience of teachers, students, and their parents 2 months after the start of a full-scale war in Ukraine. The total number of respondents who took part in the study is 14,556. There are employees of educational institutions (29%), students (22.41%), and parents (48.22%) from all regions of Ukraine among them. A reduced level of resilience of adult research participants (teachers, parents) and higher resilience of young people were revealed. The relationship between resilience and place of residence, forced resettlement, subjective assessment of one's own security, involvement in various forms of education (teaching), as well as gender and age differences in resilience is presented. The results can become the basis for policy development regarding the system of support for teachers, students, and their parents in conditions of traumatic effects.