Search

The cross section for the $e^+e^-\to K_SK_L$ process is measured in the center-of-mass energy range from 1000 MeV to 1100 MeV in the experiment with the SND detector at the VEPP-2000 $e^+e^-$ collider. The measurement is carried out in the $K_S\to 2\pi^0$ decay mode. Data with an integrated luminosity of 20 pb$^{-1}$ recorded in 2018 at 18 energy points are used in the analysis. The systematic uncertainty in the measured cross section at the maximum of the $\phi$ resonance is 0.9%. The mass, width of the $\phi$ meson, and the product of the branching fractions $B(\phi\to K_SK_L)B(\phi\to e^+e^-)$ are determined from the fit to the cross-section energy dependence., Comment: 14 pages, 12 figures

The $e^+e^-\to n\bar{n}$ cross section was measured at center of mass (c.m.) energies from the threshold to 1908 MeV. The experiment to measure the cross section has been carried out at the VEPP-2000 $e^+e^-$ collider in 13 energy points. The SND detector is used to detect the produced neutron-antineutrons ($n\bar{n}$) events. A special time measurement system on the calorimeter was used to select the time-delayed $n\bar{n}$ events. The measured $e^+e^-\to n\bar{n}$ cross section is 0.4--0.6 nb. The neutron effective timelike form factor in the energy range under study varies from 0.3 to 0.6., Comment: arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:2309.05241

The results of the search for the $e^+e^-\to\eta^{\prime}\gamma$ process in the center-of-mass energy range from 1.075 to 2 GeV are presented. We analyze data with an integral luminosity of 746 pb$^{-1}$ accumulated with the SND detector at the $e^+e^-$ collider VEPP-2000 in 2010--2024. The $\eta^{\prime}\to\eta\pi^0\pi^0$ decay is used in the analysis, with the subsequent $\eta$ and $\pi^0$ decays into $\gamma\gamma$. Upper limits not exceeding 13 pb have been set on the $e^+e^-\to\eta^{\prime}\gamma$ cross section at the 90\% confidence level., Comment: 5 pages, 2 figures. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2306.12734

The results of the measurement of the $e^+e^- \to n \bar{n}$ cross section and effective neutron timelike form factor are presented. The data taking was carried out in 2020-2021 at the VEPP-2000 $e^+e^-$ collider in the center-of-mass energy range from 1891 to 2007 MeV. The general purpose nonmagnetic detector SND is used to detect neutron-antineutron events. The event selection is performed using the time-of-flight technique. The measured cross section is 0.4-0.6 nb. The neutron form factor in the energy range under study varies from 0.3 to 0.2., Comment: 13 pages, 8 figures

The process $e^+e^- \to \omega\pi^0 \to \pi^+\pi^-\pi^0\pi^0$ is studied in the center-of-mass energy region $1.05-2.00$ GeV using data with an integral luminosity of about 35 pb$^{-1}$ collected with the SND detector at the VEPP-2000 $e^+e^-$ collider. In the energy range under study, the value of the measured Born cross section varies from 0.7 to 18 nb. The statistical uncertainty of the cross section is $2-23$%, while the systematic uncertainty is in the range of $3.0-14.2$%. The results are consistent with previous measurements but have better accuracy., Comment: 13 pages, 11 figures

The $e^+e^-\to\eta\gamma$ cross section is measured in the center-of-mass energy range from 1.07 to 2.00 GeV in the decay channel $\eta\to 3\pi^0$, $\pi^0\to\gamma\gamma$. The data set with an integrated luminosity of 242 pb$^{-1}$ accumulated in the experiment with the SND detector at the VEPP-2000 $e^+e^-$ collider is analyzed., Comment: 12 pages, 3 figures

The SND is a non-magnetic detector at the VEPP-2000 $e^{+} e^{-}$ collider (BINP, Novosibirsk) designed for hadronic cross-section measurements in the center-of-mass energy range up to $2$ GeV. The important part of the detector is a hodoscopic electromagnetic calorimeter (EMC) with three layers of NaI(Tl) counters. The EMC signal shaping and digitizing electronics based on FADC allow to obtain both the signal amplitude and the arrival time. We describe the EMC signal processing and how the EMC measured time is applied in event reconstruction and physics analysis., Comment: 20 pages, 11 figures

The process $e^+e^-\to n\bar n$ is studied in the experiment at the VEPP-2000 $e^+e^-$ collider with the SND detector. The technique of the time measurements in the multichannel NaI(Tl) electromagnetic calorimeter is used to select nnbar events. The value of the measured cross section in the center-of-mass energy range from 1.894 to 2 GeV varies from 0.5 to 0.35 nb. The effective neutron timelike form factor is derived from the measured cross section and compared with the proton form factor. The ratio of the neutron electric and magnetic form factors is obtained from the analysis of the antineutron polar angle distribution and found to be consistent with unity., Comment: 13 pages, 17 figures, 19 references

The process $e^+e^-\to\eta\eta\gamma$ is studied in the center-of-mass energy range 1.17-2.00 GeV using data with an integrated luminosity of 201 pb$^{-1}$collected by the SND detector at the VEPP-2000 $e^+e^-$ collider. The $e^+e^-\to\eta\eta\gamma$ cross section is measured for the first time. It is shown that the dominant mechanism of this reaction is the transition through the $\phi\eta$ intermediate state. Our result on the $e^+e^-\to\eta\eta\gamma$ cross section is consistent with the $e^+e^-\to\phi\eta$ measurement in the $\phi\to K^+ K^-$ mode. The search for radiative processes contributing to the $e^+e^-\to\eta\eta\gamma$ cross section is performed, and no significant signal is observed., Comment: 6 pages, 3 figures, to be submitted to European Physical Journal C. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2006.05465

The dynamics of the process $ e^+e^- \to \pi^+\pi^-\pi^0 $ is studied in the energy region from 1.15 to 2.00 GeV using data accumulated with the SND detector at the VEPP-2000 $e^+e^-$ collider. The Dalitz plot distribution and $\pi^+\pi^-$ mass spectrum are analyzed in a model including the intermediate states $\rho(770)\pi$, $\rho(1450)\pi$, and $\omega\pi^0$. As a result, the energy dependences of the $\rho(770)\pi$ and $\rho(1450)\pi$ cross sections and the relative phases between the $\rho(770)\pi$ amplitude and the $\rho(1450)\pi $ and $\omega\pi^0$ amplitudes are obtained. The $\rho(1450)\pi$ cross section has a peak in the energy region of the $\omega(1650)$ resonance (1.55-1.75 GeV). In this energy range the contributions of the $\rho(770)\pi$ and $\rho(1450)\pi$ states are of the same order of magnitude. No resonance structure near 1.65 GeV is observed in the $\rho(770)\pi$ cross section. We conclude that the intermediate state $\rho(1450)\pi$ gives a significant contribution to the decay of $\omega (1650)\to\pi^+\pi^-\pi^0$, whereas the $\rho(770)\pi$ mechanism dominates in the decay $\omega(1420)\to\pi^+\pi^-\pi^0$., Comment: 9 pages, 7 figures, 3 tables

The process $e^+e^-\to K^+K^-\pi^0$ is studied with the SND detector at the VEPP-2000 $e^+e^-$ collider. Basing on data with an integrated luminosity of 26.4~pb$^{-1}$ we measure the $e^+e^-\to K^+K^-\pi^0$ cross section in the center-of-mass energy range from 1.28 up to 2 GeV. The measured mass spectrum of the $K\pi$ system indicates that the dominant mechanism of this reaction is the transition through the $K^{\ast}(892)K$ intermediate state. The cross section for the $\phi\pi^0$ intermediate state is measured separately. The SND results are consistent with previous measurements in the BABAR experiment and have comparable accuracy. We study the effect of the interference between the $\phi\pi^0$ and $K^\ast K$ amplitudes. It is found that the interference gives sizable contribution to the measured $e^+e^- \to \phi \pi^0\to K^+K^-\pi^0$ cross section below 1.7 GeV.

The process $e^+e^-\to\eta\pi^0\gamma$ is studied in the center-of-mass energy range 1.05-2.00 GeV using data with an integrated luminosity of 94.5 pb$^{-1}$ collected by the SND detector at the VEPP-2000 $e^+e^-$ collider. The $e^+e^-\to\eta\pi^0\gamma$ cross section is measured for the first time. It is shown that the dominant mechanism of this reaction is the transition through the $\omega\eta$ intermediate state. The measured cross section of the subprocess $e^+e^-\to\omega\eta\to\eta\pi^0\gamma$ is consistent with previous measurements in the $e^+e^-\to\pi^+\pi^-\pi^0\eta$ mode. It is found, with a significance of 5.6$\sigma$, that the process $e^+e^-\to\eta\pi^0\gamma$ is not completely described by hadronic vector-pseudoscalar intermediate states. The cross section of this missing contribution, which can originate from radiation processes, e. g. $e^+e^-\to a_{0}(1450)\gamma$, is measured. It is found to be 15-20 pb in the wide energy range from 1.3 to 1.9 GeV., Comment: 10 pages, 6 figures, to be submitted to European Physical Journal C

The SND is a non-magnetic detector deployed at the VEPP-2000 $e^+e^-$ collider (BINP, Novosibirsk) for hadronic cross-section measurements in the center of mass energy region below 2 GeV. The important part of the detector is a three-layer hodoscopic electromagnetic calorimeter (EMC) based on NaI(Tl) counters. Until the recent EMC spectrometric channel upgrade, only the energy deposition measurement in counters was possible. A new EMC signal shaping and digitizing electronics based on FADC allows us to obtain also the event time structure. The new electronics and supporting software, including digital signal processing algorithms, are used for data taking in the ongoing experiment. We discuss the amplitude and time extraction algorithms, the new system performance on experimental events and physical analysis applications., Comment: 11 pages, 7 figures, INSTR20 conference proceedings, additional info added, results unchanged

The cross section of the process $e^+ e^-\to\pi^+\pi^-$ has been measured in the Spherical Neutral Detector (SND) experiment at the VEPP-2000 $e^+e^-$ collider VEPP-2000 in the energy region $525 <\sqrt[]{s} <883$ MeV. The measurement is based on data with an integrated luminosity of about 4.6 pb$^{-1}$. The systematic uncertainty of the cross section determination is 0.8 % at $\sqrt{s}>0.600$ GeV. The $\rho$ meson parameters are obtained as $m_\rho = 775.3\pm 0.5\pm 0.6$ MeV, $\Gamma_\rho = 145.6\pm 0.6\pm 0.8$ MeV, $B_{\rho\to e^+ e^-}\times B_{\rho\to\pi^+\pi^-} = (4.89\pm 0.02\pm 0.04)\times 10^{-5}$, and the parameters of the $e^+ e^-\to\omega\to\pi^+\pi^-$ process, suppressed by $G$-parity, as $B_{\omega\to e^+ e^-}\times B_{\omega\to\pi^+\pi^-}= (1.32\pm 0.06\pm 0.02)\times 10^{-6} $ and $\phi_{\rho\omega} = 110.7\pm 1.5\pm1.0$ degrees.

A search for direct production of the $f_1(1285)$ resonance in $e^+e^-$ annihilation is performed with the SND detector at the VEPP-2000 $e^+e^-$ collider. The analysis is based on data with an integrated luminosity of 15.1 pb$^{-1}$ accumulated in the center-of-mass energy range 1.2--1.4 GeV. Two $e^+e^-\to f_1(1285)$ candidate events are found at the peak of the resonance and zero events beyond the resonance. The significance of the $e^+e^-\to f_1(1285)$ signal is $2.5\sigma$. The cross section at the maximum of the resonance is found to be $\sigma(e^+e^-\to f_1)=45^{+33}_{-24}$ pb. The corresponding branching fraction $B(f_1(1285)\to e^+e^-)=(5.1^{+3.7}_{-2.7})\times 10^{-9}$. We consider this result as a first indication of the process $e^+e^-\to f_1(1285)$. The measured branching fraction is consistent with the theoretical prediction., Comment: 11 pages, 4 figures

The process $e^+e^- \to \pi^+\pi^-\pi^0\eta$ is studied in the center-of-mass energy region below 2 GeV with the SND detector at the VEPP-2000 $e^+e^-$ collider. The four intermediate states contribute to this process: $\omega\eta$, $\phi\eta$, $a_0(980)\rho$, and a structureless $\pi^+\pi^-\pi^0\eta$ state. We measure the total $e^+e^- \to \pi^+\pi^-\pi^0\eta$ cross section and the cross sections for its components: $\omega\eta$, $\phi\eta$, and a sum of $a_0(980)\rho$ and the structureless state. Our results are in agreement with previous measurements and have comparable or better accuracies., Comment: 17 pages, 11 figures, 3 tables. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1607.00371

The process $e^+e^- \to \pi^0\gamma$ is studied with the SND detector at the VEPP-2000 $e^+e^-$ collider. Basing on data with an integrated luminosity of 41 pb$^{-1}$ recorded in 2010-2012 we measure the $e^+e^- \to \pi^0\gamma$ cross section in the center-of-mass energy range from 1.075 up to 2 GeV. In the range 1.4-2.0 GeV the process $e^+e^- \to \pi^0\gamma$ is studied for the first time., Comment: 7 pages, 5 figures. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1601.08061

A search for the rare decay $\eta \rightarrow e^+e^-$ is performed using the inverse process $e^+e^- \rightarrow \eta$ in the decay mode $\eta\to\pi^0\pi^0\pi^0 $. We analyze data with an integrated luminosity of 654 nb$^{-1} $ accumulated at the VEPP-2000 $e^+e^-$ collider with the SND detector at the center-of-mass energy $E=m_\eta c ^2\approx 548 $ MeV, and set the upper limit $ {\cal B} (\eta \rightarrow e^+ e^-) < 7 \times 10^{-7} $ at the 90\% confidence level., Comment: 9 pages, 4 figures

The $e^+e^- \to \eta\pi^+\pi^-$ cross section is measured at the SND detector in the $\eta$ decay mode $\eta\to 3\pi^0$. The analysis is based on the data sample with an integrated luminosity of 32.7 pb$^{-1}$ collected at the VEPP-2000 $e^+e^-$ collider in the center-of-mass energy range $\sqrt{s}=1.075-2.000$ GeV. The data obtained in the $\eta\to 3\pi^0$ decay mode are found to be in agreement with the previous SND measurements in the $\eta\to \gamma\gamma$ mode. Therefore the measurements in the two modes are combined., Comment: 8 pages, 5 figures

The $e^+e^- \rightarrow K_S K_L \pi^0$ cross section is measured in the center-of-mass energy range $\sqrt{s}=1.3-2.0$ GeV. The analysis is based on the data sample with an integrated luminosity of 33.5 pb$^{-1}$ collected with the SND detector at the VEPP-2000 $e^+e^-$ collider., Comment: 8 pages, 3 figures, accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. D

A theoretical study of the DOS, resistivity and thermal conductivity of a metallized epitaxial graphene with impurities and structural inhomogeneous of the short-range order type is performed. The conditions for the appearance and disappearance of a gap in DOS are obtained for the case where the location of defects changes. A temperature dependence of relaxation time, DOS, resistivity and thermal conductivity is described only in the presence of the structures forming large-area cells in the graphene layer., Comment: 14 pages, 7 figures

The cross section for the process $e^+e^- \to \omega\eta$ is measured in the center-of-mass energy range 1.34--2.00 GeV. The analysis is based on data collected with the SND detector at the VEPP-2000 $e^+e^-$ collider. The measured $e^+e^- \to \omega\eta$ cross section is the most accurate to date. A significant discrepancy is observed between our data and previous BABAR measurement., Comment: 15 pages, 5 figures, 3 tables

The process $e^+e^-\to\omega\eta\pi^0$ is studied in the energy range $1.45-2.00$ GeV using data with an integrated luminosity of 33 pb$^{-1}$ accumulated by the SND detector at the $e^+e^-$ collider VEPP-2000. The $e^+e^-\to\omega\eta\pi^0$ cross section is measured for the first time. The cross section has a threshold near 1.75 GeV. Its value is about 2 nb in the energy range $1.8-2.0$ GeV. The dominant intermediate state for the process $e^+e^- \to \omega\eta\pi^0$ is found to be $\omega a_0(980)$., Comment: 7 pages, 6 figures

This paper presents the design, implementation and validation of the software alignment procedure used to perform geometric calibration of the electromagnetic calorimeter with respect to the tracking system of the SND detector which is taking data at the VEPP-2000 e^{+}e^{-}collider (BINP, Novosibirsk). This procedure is based on the mathematical model describing the relative calorimeter position. The parameter values are determined by minimizing a \chi^{2} function using the difference between particle directions reconstructed in these two subdetectors for e^{+}e^{-}\rightarrow e^{+}e^{-} scattering events. The results of the calibration applied to data and MC simulation fit the model well and give an improvement in particle reconstruction. They are used in data reconstruction and MC simulation., Comment: 17 pages, 10 figures