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Abstract Background The health benefits of the Mediterranean diet are partially attributed to the polyphenols present in extra virgin olive oil (EVOO), which have been shown to have anti-cancer properties. However, the possible effect that EVOO could have on Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL) has not been fully explored. Methods This study investigates the anti-CLL activity of EVOO through a computational multi-level data analysis procedure, focusing on the identification of shared biological functions between them. Specifically, publicly available data from genomics, transcriptomics and proteomics related to EVOO consumption and CLL were collected from several resources and analyzed through a computational pipeline, highlighting common molecular mechanisms and biological processes. Computational verification of a number of the highlighted functional terms associating CLL and EVOO has been performed as well. Results Our investigation revealed four molecular pathways and three biological processes that overlap between mechanisms associated with CLL and those impacted by the consumption of EVOO. To further investigate the common biological functions, we focused on AKT1-related terms, aiming to investigate the potential importance of AKT1 in the anti- CLL effects associated with EVOO. Conclusions Overall, the results provide valuable insights into the potential beneficial effect of EVOO in CLL and highlight EVOO’s bioactive compounds as promising candidates for future investigations. Graphical Abstract

Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of agility ladder training combined with plyometric or multidirection speed drills, on performance in young female volleyball players. Methods: Seventy-six young female volleyball players were randomly distributed into 3 maturity-matched groups: (1) the agility ladder + plyometric drills group, (2) the agility ladder + multidirection speed drills group, and (3) the control group. Both experimental groups followed a 6-week training program, twice weekly, in addition to the regular volleyball training sessions, while the control group participated only in the regular volleyball training sessions. Assessments pretraining and posttraining included countermovement jump, 20-m sprint, and agility T test. Results: Both experimental groups improved T-test performance (P <.005) but only agility ladder + multidirection speed drills group outperformed the control group (P <.05). Conclusions: Agility ladder training programs combined with either plyometric or speed drills can improve change of direction performance in young female volleyball players but only the combination of agility ladder with multidirection speed drills is more effective than volleyball training per se. The small effectiveness of these protocols may be attributed to the short training period, or to the fact that training elements were combined in a single session. This hypothesis remains to be further investigated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Preparing children and youth for a world of growing complexity, diversity, and mobility requires fresh educational approaches and deliberate pedagogies. In this article, we explore the role of storytelling in making sense of crucial global transformations affecting children's lives. We examine how migrant children and their peers in two classrooms -- in the United States and Greece -- learn to listen to, co-construct, and share stories of migration. The article draws on a comparative case study and action research approach to advance a novel "Collective Stories of Voice and Influence" pedagogy. We find four qualities that render Collective Stories of Voice and Influence pedagogically effective: they are collaboratively constructed, multivoiced, materially grounded, and civically empowering. The proposed pedagogy can inform educators interested in novel teaching designs that use narratives to help children address complex global issues while creating safe conditions to navigate moments of vulnerability.

Immunocompromised patients with hematologic diseases may experience life-threatening infections with rather uncommon manifestations. Laryngitis has been described as a potential infection in such vulnerable patients and may result in major complications, ranging from impending airway obstruction to total laryngeal necrosis. Immediate laryngoscopy is of paramount importance, as it provides quantification of laryngeal edema and evidence of necrosis. Documentation of the causative pathogen is usually feasible through tissue culture. In the literature, 14 cases of necrotizing laryngitis have already been published. Here, we present the case of a 38-year-old male with a recent diagnosis of multiple myeloma, who received the first cycle of therapy a few days before admission. The patient presented with neutropenic fever, diarrhea, and multiple organ dysfunction. His course was complicated with hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis and stridor. A diagnosis of necrotizing laryngitis attributed to Acinetobacter baumannii invasion of the larynx was established. This manuscript highlights that the management of patients with hematologic disease and necrotizing laryngitis should be coordinated in highly specialized centers and clinicians should have a high level of clinical suspicion and act promptly.

Quinolizidine alkaloids (QAs) are toxic secondary metabolites of the Lupinus species, the presence of which limits the expansion of lupin beans consumption, despite their high protein content. Evaluation of the level of alkaloids in edible Lupinus species is crucial from a food safety point of view. However, quantitation of QAs is complicated by the fact that not all important alkaloids used for quantitation are commercially available. In this context, we developed a method for the simultaneous quantitation of eight major lupin alkaloids using quantitative NMR spectroscopy (qNMR). Quantitation and analysis were performed in 15 different seed extracts of 11 Lupinus spp. some of which belonged to the same species, with different geographical origins and time of harvest, as well as in all aerial parts of L. pilosus. The mature seeds of L. pilosus were found to be a uniquely rich source of multiflorine. Additionally, we developed a protocol using adsorption or ionic resins for easy, fast, and efficient debittering of the lupine seeds. The protocol was applied to L. albus, leading to a decrease of the time required for alkaloids removal as well as water consumption and to a method for QA isolation from the debittering wastewater.

Oleuropein, ligstroside, and related hydrolysis products are key contributors to olive bitterness, and several of these phenolics are implicated in the prevention of lifestyle age-related diseases. While table olive processing methods are designed to reduce oleuropein, the impact of processing on ligstroside and related hydrolysis products (e.g., oleacein, oleocanthal, hydroxytyrosol glucoside, ligstroside aglycone, and oleuropein aglycone) is relatively unknown. Herein, levels of these compounds were measured in Spanish-style green (SP), Californian-style black ripe (CA), and Greek-style natural fermentation (GK) olives using rapid ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC) tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS). GK olives had the highest concentration of all compounds measured, with the exception of oleocanthal, which was highest in SP olives (0.081 mg kg-1 wet weight (w.wt)). CA olives had the lowest levels of most compounds measured, including ligstroside (0.115 mg kg-1 w.wt) and oleuropein (0.974 mg kg-1 w.wt). Hydroxytyrosol was the predominate compound in all three styles of commercial olives, with similar concentrations observed for GK and SP olives (134.329 and 133.685 mg kg-1 w.wt, respectively) and significantly lower concentrations observed for CA olives (19.981 mg kg-1 w.wt).

Summary: Characterization of cerebral organoids has been challenging due to their heterogeneous nature. Here, we optimized a protocol to streamline the generation of FACS-purified cell populations from human cerebral organoids for proteomic analysis with liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). We describe the procedures for enzymatic dissociation of organoids into single-cell suspension, the generation of cell-type-specific lysates, peptide extraction, and proteomic analysis. This generalizable approach can be used to study temporal and cell-type-specific protein dynamics in developing cerebral organoids.For complete details on the use and execution of this protocol, please refer to Melliou et al. (2022). : Publisher’s note: Undertaking any experimental protocol requires adherence to local institutional guidelines for laboratory safety and ethics.

Abstract Extra-virgin olive oil (EVOO) is a critical component of the Mediterranean diet, which has been found beneficial to human health. Bitterness is often positively associated with the presence of phenolic compounds in EVOO. There are twenty-five bitter taste receptors (TAS2Rs) in humans, each of which responds to specific bitter tastants. The identity of phenolic compounds and the bitter taste receptors they stimulate remain unknown. In this study, we isolated 12 phenolic and secoiridoid compounds from the olive fruit and the oil extracted from it, and tested their ability to stimulate bitter taste receptor activity, using a calcium mobilization functional assay. Our results showed that seven out of twelve studied compounds activated TAS2R8, and five of them activated TAS2R1, TAS2R8, and TAS2R14. The phenolic compounds oleuropein aglycon and ligstroside aglycon were the most potent bitter tastants in olive oil. TAS2R1 and TAS2R8 were the major bitter taste receptors activated most potently by these phenolic compounds. The results obtained here could be utilized to predict and control the bitterness of olive oil based on the concentration of specific bitter phenolics produced during the milling process of olives.

The phenolic profiles of extra virgin olive oils (EVOOs) may influence their cardiovascular benefits. In a randomized crossover of acute EVOO intake on platelet function, participants (n=9) consumed 40 mL of EVOO weekly. EVOOs were matched for total phenolic content and were either tyrosol-poor with 1:2 oleacein/oleocanthal (D2i0.5), or 2:1 oleacein/oleocanthal (D2i2), or predominantly tyrosol (D2i0). Ibuprofen provided a platelet inhibition control. Blood was collected pre- and 2 hr post-EVOO intake. D2i0.5 and D2i2 reduced 1 µg/mL collagen-stimulated maximum platelet aggregation (Pmax), with effects best correlated to oleocanthal intake (R=0.56, P=0.002). Total phenolic intake was independently correlated to eicosanoid production inhibition, suggesting that cyclooxygenase blockade was not responsible for the Pmax inhibition. Five participants exhibited >25% ΔPmax declines with D2i0.5 and D2i2 intake and plasma metabolomic profiles discriminated subjects by oil responsivity. Platelet responses to acute EVOO intake are associated with oil phenolic composition and may be influenced by diet.

Immunocompromised patients with hematologic diseases may experience life-threatening infections with rather uncommon manifestations. Laryngitis has been described as a potential infection in such vulnerable patients and may result in major complications, ranging from impending airway obstruction to total laryngeal necrosis. Immediate laryngoscopy is of paramount importance, as it provides quantification of laryngeal edema and evidence of necrosis. Documentation of the causative pathogen is usually feasible through tissue culture. In the literature, 14 cases of necrotizing laryngitis have already been published. Here, we present the case of a 38-year-old male with a recent diagnosis of multiple myeloma, who received the first cycle of therapy a few days before admission. The patient presented with neutropenic fever, diarrhea, and multiple organ dysfunction. His course was complicated with hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis and stridor. A diagnosis of necrotizing laryngitis attributed to Acinetobacter baumannii invasion of the larynx was established. This manuscript highlights that the management of patients with hematologic disease and necrotizing laryngitis should be coordinated in highly specialized centers and clinicians should have a high level of clinical suspicion and act promptly. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

AimOleocanthal and oleacein (OC/OL) have important in vitro and in vivo antitumor properties; however, there is no data about their anticancer activity in humans. The aim of this pilot study was to test if patients at early stage of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) could adhere to and tolerate an intervention with high OC/OL extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) and if this intervention could lead to any changes in markers related to the disease.MethodsA pilot dietary intervention (DI) was made in patients with CLL in Rai stages 0–II who did not follow any treatment (NCT04215367). In the first intervention (DI1), 20 CLL patients were included in a blind randomized study and were separated into two groups. One group (A) of 10 patients consumed 40 ml/day of high OC/OL-EVOO (416 mg/Kg OC and 284 mg/kg OL) for 3 months. A second group (B) of 10 patients consumed 40 ml/day of low OC/OL (82 mg/kg OC and 33 mg/kg OL) for 3 months. After a washout period of 9–12 months, a second intervention (DI2) only with High OC/OL-EVOO for 6 months was performed with 22 randomly selected patients (16 from the DI1 (8 from each group) and 6 new). Hematological, biochemical, and apoptotic markers were analyzed in the serum of the patients. In addition, cellular proliferation and apoptosis markers were studied in isolated proteins from peripheral blood mononuclear cells.ResultsThe results of the DI1 showed beneficial effects on hematological and apoptotic markers only with High OC/OL-EVOO. During the DI2, a decrease in the white blood cell and lymphocyte count was observed (p ≤0.05), comparing 3 months before the intervention and 6 months after it. After 3 and 6 months of DI2, an increase (p ≤0.05) was observed in the apoptotic markers ccK18 and Apo1-Fas, and also in the cell cycle negative regulator p21, and also a decrease in the antiapoptotic protein Survivin, and in the cellular proliferation marker Cyclin D.ConclusionsThis is the first clinical trial with High OC/OL-EVOO that indicates that it could be a promising dietary feature for the improvement of CLL inducing the apoptosis of their cancer cells and improving the metabolism of the patients.Clinical Trial Registrationhttps://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04215367, identifier: NCT04215367.

The chemical composition of finished table olive products is influenced by the olive variety and the processing method used to debitter or cure table olives. Herein, a rapid ultrahigh-pressure liquid chromatography triple-quadrupole tandem mass spectrometry method, using dynamic multiple reaction monitoring, was developed for the quantitation of 12 predominant phenolic and secoiridoid compounds in olive fruit, including hydroxytyrosol, oleuropein, hydroxytyrosol-4-O-glucoside, luteolin-7-O-glucoside, rutin, verbascoside, oleoside-11-methyl ester, 2,6-dimethoxy-p-benzoquinone, phenolic acids (chlorogenic and o-coumaric acids), oleuropein aglycone, and ligstroside aglycone. Levels of these compounds were measured in fresh and California-style black ripe processed Manzanilla olives and two dry salt-cured olive varieties (Mission from California and Throuba Thassos from Greece). Results indicate that the variety and debittering processing method have strong impact on the profile of phenolic and secoiridoid compounds in table olives. The dry salt-cured olives contained higher amounts of most compounds studied, especially oleuropein (1459.5 ± 100.1 μg/g), whereas California-style black ripe olives had a significant reduction or loss of these bioactive compounds (e.g., oleuropein level at 36.7 ± 3.1 μg/g).

Specialized metabolism is an evolutionary answer that fortifies plants against a wide spectrum of (a) biotic challenges. A plethora of diversified compounds can be found in the plant kingdom and often constitute the basis of human pharmacopeia. Olive trees (Olea europaea) produce an unusual type of secoiridoids known as oleosides with promising pharmaceutical activities. Here, we transiently silenced oleuropein β-glucosidase (OeGLU), an enzyme engaged in the biosynthetic pathway of secoiridoids in the olive trees. Reduction of OeGLU transcripts resulted in the absence of both upstream and downstream secoiridoids in planta, revealing a regulatory loop mechanism that bypasses the flux of precursor compounds toward the branch of secoiridoid biosynthesis. Our findings highlight that OeGLU could serve as a molecular target to regulate the bioactive secoiridoids in olive oils.

Globally competent people are aware of world issues, take perspective, are engaged and know how to communicate to different people. This article portraits a story of two kindergarten classrooms, one in the United States and the other in Greece, both working with culturally diverse children and, in the case of the American classroom, English Language learners. The teachers shared philosophical foundations reflected in their practice and discourse in the classroom as they took a learning journey through Harvard Project Zero's Out of Eden Learn project. Out of Eden Learn serves as a platform to engage children from both settings in exploring their own neighborhoods, investigating contemporary global issues, and reflecting on how they as individuals fit into a broader geographical and historical context. Through meaningful hands-on experiences, the children in these two classrooms gained deep understandings of themselves and their surroundings, made personal connections and developed empathy as they heard stories of children around the world. In their learning journey, the two teachers used thinking routines to help the children slow down and observe the world around them. The experience not only helped the teachers comply with curriculum standards, but also allowed them to keep alive the children's capacity to be curious and promote parental involvement. The children developed a sense of self-understanding and self-identity as a point of reference to develop perspective and understanding of other cultures.

COVID-19 infection is a new disease mainly affecting the respiratory system but is also accompanied by many extra-pulmonary manifestations. A case of a 47-year old male with unique myocardial fibrosis after COVID-19 infection involving the left ventricular wall, intraventricular septum and almost complete damage of interatrial septum, in combination with asymptomatic severe sinus arrest episodes related to mild obstructive sleep apnea syndrome is described here.

The widespread use of phytocannabinoids or cannabis extracts as ingredients in numerous types of products, in combination with the legal restrictions on THC content, has created a need for the development of new, rapid, and universal analytical methods for their quantitation that ideally could be applied without separation and standards. Based on previously described qNMR studies, we developed an expanded 1H qNMR method and a novel 2D-COSY qNMR method for the rapid quantitation of ten major phytocannabinoids in cannabis plant extracts and cannabis-based products. The 1H qNMR method was successfully developed for the quantitation of cannabidiol (CBD), cannabidiolic acid (CBDA), cannabinol (CBN), cannabichromene (CBC), cannabichromenic acid (CBCA), cannabigerol (CBG), cannabigerolic acid (CBGA), Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9-THC), Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinolic acid (Δ9-THCA), Δ8-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ8-THC), cannabielsoin (CBE), and cannabidivarin (CBDV). Moreover, cannabidivarinic acid (CBDVA) and Δ9-tetrahydrocannabivarinic acid (Δ9-THCVA) can be distinguished from CBDA and Δ9-THCA respectively, while cannabigerovarin (CBGV) and Δ8-tetrahydrocannabivarin (Δ8-THCV) present the same 1H-spectra as CBG and Δ8-THC, respectively. The COSY qNMR method was applied for the quantitation of CBD, CBDA, CBN, CBG/CBGA, and THC/THCA. The two methods were applied for the analysis of hemp plants; cannabis extracts; edible cannabis medium-chain triglycerides (MCT); and hemp seed oils and cosmetic products with cannabinoids. The 1H-NMR method does not require the use of reference compounds, and it requires only a short time for analysis. However, complex extracts in 1H-NMR may have a lot of signals, and quantitation with this method is often hampered by peak overlap, with 2D NMR providing a solution to this obstacle. The most important advantage of the COSY NMR quantitation method was the determination of the legality of cannabis plants, extracts, and edible oils based on their THC/THCA content, particularly in the cases of some samples for which the determination of THC/THCA content by 1H qNMR was not feasible.

Background: The phenolic fraction of extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) has disease preventive and health-promoting properties which are supported by numerous studies. As such, EVOO is defined as a functional food. The aim of the present study was to characterize the phenolic profile of olive oil from cultivars farmed in the Ionian Islands (Zakynthos, Kefalonia, Lefkada, and Kerkyra) and to investigate the association of phenols to antioxidant activity, which is central to its functionality. Furthermore, the study investigates whether multivariate analyses on the concentration of individual biophenolic compounds and genetic population diversity could classify the olive oil samples based on their geographic origin. Methods: Phenols were determined in 103 samples from different Ionian Island tree populations by 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), and sample antioxidant activity was measured by their capacity to reduce the free radical 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) (DPPH). Genetic diversity was measured by estimating Nei’s population genetic distance using 15 reproducible bands from random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) genotyping. Results: Principal component analysis (PCA) of the secoiridoid concentrations clustered samples according to cultivar. Clustering based on genetic distances is not concordant with phenolic clustering. A cultivar effect was also demonstrated in the association between the concentration of individual phenols with DPPH reducing activity. Conclusions: Taken together, the study shows that the olive oil phenolic content defines “cultivar-specific phenolic profiles” and that environmental factors other than agronomic conditions contribute more to phenotype variance than genetics.

Postprandial dysmetabolism is a common entity of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and may act as a daily stressor of the already dysfunctional diabetic platelets. This study aims to investigate whether oleocanthal-rich olive oils (OO), incorporated into a carbohydrate-rich meal, can affect postprandial dysmetabolism and platelet aggregation. Oleocanthal is a cyclooxygenase inhibitor with putative antiplatelet properties. In this randomized, single-blinded, crossover study, ten T2DM patients consumed five isocaloric meals containing 120 g white bread combined with: (i) 39 g butter, (ii) 39 g butter and 400 mg ibuprofen, (iii) 40 mL OO (phenolic content < 10 mg/Kg), (iv) 40 mL OO with 250 mg/Kg oleocanthal and (v) 40 mL OO with 500 mg/Kg oleocanthal. Metabolic markers along with ex vivo ADP- and thrombin receptor-activating peptide (TRAP)-induced platelet aggregation were measured before and for 4 h after the meals. The glycemic and lipidemic response was similar between meals. However, a sustained (90–240 min) dose-dependent reduction in platelets' sensitivity to both ADP (50–100%) and TRAP (20–50%) was observed after the oleocanthal meals in comparison to OO or butter meals. The antiplatelet effect of the OO containing 500 mg/Kg oleocanthal was comparable to that of the ibuprofen meal. In conclusion, the consumption of meals containing oleocanthal-rich OO can reduce platelet activity during the postprandial period, irrespective of postprandial hyperglycemia and lipidemia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Competency-based education represents an important priority for several countries worldwide. Although national governments and international education communities have identified a wide range of competencies as integral for meeting 21st century learning requirements there is a lack of evidence on how can these be effectively taught, learnt, and assessed in the classroom. A promising approach for competency-based education is "Out of Eden Learn", a research initiative of Project Zero at the Harvard Graduate School of Education that incorporates several strategies such as thinking routines and dialogue tools that are carefully crafted to facilitate the development of core competencies among learners. This study looks at the "Skills Labs" competency-based educational reform in Greece and presents the process of using "Out of Eden Learn" to develop a curriculum that is both supportive of fostering the requisite competencies and responsive to the needs of primary teachers. A survey questionnaire was used to investigate the views of 120 teachers who piloted the curriculum in 82 kindergarten and elementary schools across Greece. The findings not only reveal the value of "Out of Eden Learn" approach for competency-based education, but they also indicate the interdisciplinarity and the transferability of its related strategies that can guide curriculum design and teaching practice in an array of international educational contexts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The phenolic profiles of extra virgin olive oils (EVOOs) may influence their cardiovascular benefits. In a randomized crossover of acute EVOO intake on platelet function, participants (n = 9) consumed 40 mL of EVOO weekly. EVOOs were matched for total phenolic content and were either tyrosol-poor with 1:2 oleacein/oleocanthal (D2i0.5), or 2:1 oleacein/oleocanthal (D2i2), or predominantly tyrosol (D2i0). Ibuprofen provided a platelet inhibition control. Blood was collected pre- and 2 h post-EVOO intake. D2i0.5 and D2i2 reduced 1 µg/mL collagen-stimulated maximum platelet aggregation (Pmax), with effects best correlated to oleocanthal intake (R = 0.56, P = 0.002). Total phenolic intake was independently correlated to eicosanoid production inhibition, suggesting that cyclooxygenase blockade was not responsible for the Pmax inhibition. Five participants exhibited >25% ΔPmax declines with D2i0.5 and D2i2 intake and plasma metabolomic profiles discriminated subjects by oil responsivity. Platelet responses to acute EVOO intake are associated with oil phenolic composition and may be influenced by diet.

In the last few years, a new term, “High-phenolic olive oil”, has appeared in scientific literature and in the market. However, there is no available definition of that term regarding the concentration limits of the phenolic ingredients of olive oil. For this purpose, we performed a large-scale screening and statistical evaluation of 5764 olive oil samples from Greece coming from >30 varieties for an eleven-year period with precisely measured phenolic content by qNMR. Although there is a large variation among the different cultivars, the mean concentration of total phenolic content was 483 mg/kg. The maximum concentration recorded in Greece reached 4003 mg/kg. We also observed a statistically significant correlation of the phenolic content with the harvest period and we also identified varieties affording olive oils with higher phenolic content. In addition, we performed a study of phenolic content loss during usual storage and we found an average loss of 46% in 12 months. We propose that the term high-phenolic should be used for olive oils with phenolic content > 500 mg/kg that will be able to retain the health claim limit (250 mg/kg) for at least 12 months after bottling. The term exceptionally high phenolic olive oil should be used for olive oil with phenolic content > 1200 mg/kg (top 5%).

High cannabidiol (CBD) and cannabigerol (CBG) varieties of Cannabis sativa L., a species with medicinal properties, were regenerated in vitro. Explants of nodal segments including healthy axillary bud, after sterilization, were placed in Murashige-Skoog (MS) culture medium. The shoots formed after 30 days were subcultured in full- or half-strength MS medium supplemented with several concentrations of 6-benzyl-amino-purine (BA) or thidiazuron (TDZ). The highest average number and length of shoots was achieved when both full and half-strength MS media were supplemented with 4.0 μM BA. The presence of 4.0 μM TDZ showed also comparable results. BA and TDZ at concentrations of 4.0, 8.0 μM and 2.0, 4.0 μM respectively, displayed the maximum shooting frequency. The new shoots were transferred on the same media and were either self-rooted or after being enhanced with different concentrations of indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) or α-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA). Presence of 2.0 or 4.0 μM IBA or 4.0 μM NAA resulted to the optimum rooting rates. The maximum average number and length of roots per shoot was observed when the culture media was supplemented with 4.0 μM IBA or NAA. Approximately 92% of the plantlets were successfully established and acclimatized in field. The consistency of the chemical profile of the acclimatized in vitro propagated clones was assessed using quantitative 1H-NMR high throughput screening. In each variety, analysis of the micropropagated plant in comparison with the mother plant showed no statistically significant differences (p ≤ 0.05) in CBD+ cannabidiolic acid (CBDA) and CBG+ cannabigerolic acid (CBGA) content respectively, thus indicating stability of their chemical profile.