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An unusual germole-to-silole transformation is described. As key intermediates hetero-fulvenes are formed which rearrange to more stable bicyclic carbene analogues. The so-formed germylenes undergo a reductive elimination yielding elemental germanium and siloles. In contrast, the analogous silylenes are stable at ambient conditions and were identified by MS spectrometry and NMR spectroscopy supported by the results of quantum mechanical calculations. These bicyclic silylenes are stable derivatives of the global minimum of the C4Si2H6 potential energy surface. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Novel E-configured coumarin-based merocyanines were efficiently synthesized by a one-pot, three-component Sonogashira coupling-Michael addition starting from triflyl coumarins, terminal alkynes and secondary amines. The photophysical properties of the synthesized yellow to orange merocyanines were studied by UV/Vis and fluorescence spectroscopy and rationalized by Hammett-Taft correlations and DFT and TD-DFT calculations. Most compounds were only weakly fluorescent in solution; however, two compounds were investigated in more detail with respect to their aggregation behavior. The system for R2=H and NR2 3= pyrrolidinyl shows aggregation induced emission at a water content of 40-60% in methanol, while the chromophore with R2=p-Me2NC6H4 and NR2 3=morpholinyl displays considerable aggregation induced emission enhancement with a concomitant redshift at increasing water contents in THF. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]