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BackgroundNeonatal sepsis is a systemic inflammatory response syndrome in the presence of infection during the first 28 days of life. Globally every year about 4 million children die in the first 4 weeks of life, of which 99% of the deaths occur in low and middle income countries and the most common causes of neonatal death in Ethiopia. Identification of the determinants for neonatal sepsis and treatment of newborns with sepsis is not adequate in low income countries like Ethiopia especially in southern part of the country.ObjectiveTo identify determinants of neonatal sepsis admitted in neonatal intensive care unit at public hospitals of Kaffa zone, south west Ethiopia 2021.MethodsInstitutional based unmatched case control study was conducted on a total sample of 248 (62 cases and 186 controls) in public Hospitals of kaffa zone from March to April 2021.The collected data were entered, coded and cleaned by Epidata version 3.1 and it was exported to SPSS version 25. Bi-variable and multivariable logistic regression was conducted. Variables with (p< 0.25) in bi-variable logistic regression analysis, were entered to multivariable logistic regression and then determinants which is statistical significant will be declared at PResultA total of 248 (62 cases and 186 controls) were included in the study. variables like prolonged rupture of membrane ≥18 hours [AOR =5.13, 95%CI=1.38-19.05], meconium stained amniotic fluid[AOR =6.03, 95%CI=2.16-16.90], intra-partum fever [AOR =8.26, 95%CI=3.12-21.97], urinary tract infections [AOR=14,55, 95%CI=4.91-43.10], breast feeding after a hour [AOR =3.9, 95%CI=1.27-12.02], resuscitation [AOR =13.25, 95%CI=3.44-51.01], no chlorohexidine application [AOR =4.27, 95%CI=1.65-11.08] were significantly associated with neonatal sepsis.Conclusion and RecommendationAmong the variables prolonged rupture of membranes, meconium stained amniotic fluid, intra-partum fever, UTI/STI, and not breast feeding with in a hour were maternal variables and resuscitation at birth and not application of chlorohexidine ointment on the umbilicus were neonatal variables that were found to be neonatal-related risk factors of neonatal sepsis. Infection prevention strategies and clinical management need to be strengthening and/or implementing by providing especial attention for the specified determinants.

Background Infant and young child feeding practice is a cornerstone of care for child development mentally and growth physically. Failure to proper infant and young child feeding practice is associated with increased risk of childhood morbidity and mortality. Objective To assess the prevalence of infant and young child feeding practice among 0-23 months of age children in irrigated and non-irrigated area of Dangila Woreda, North-west Ethiopia, 2021. Methods Community based comparative cross-sectional study was conducted from Dec 1, 2020 to Jun 1, 2021 with a total of 823 mothers who have infant and young children 0-23monthes of age in 9 selected Keebles were included in the study. Stratified sampling technic was implemented to select irrigated and non- irrigated kebeles and study units. Data was collected by face to face interview method. bivariate and multivariate analysis were used, variables with p

Background Patient waiting time is defined as the total time from registration until consultation with a doctor. Experiences of waiting in general are perceived as complex, subjective, and culturally influenced. Registration time, payment process/cash billing, recording classification/triaged time, few human resources and work process are the determinants of patient waiting time in the general outpatient departments. However, the complexity of wait time is poorly understood and has been explored only to a limited extent. The main objective of this study to assess patient waiting time and its determinants in Debre Markos and Felge Hiwot Referral hospitals of Amhara Regional State in North West, Ethiopia. Methods A hospital based comparative cross sectional study design was employed from October 20‐ November 20, 2014. The study population was patients presenting to general outpatient departments, from which 464 patients was selected using systematic random sampling technique. Quantitative Data was collected using structured questionnaire and A check list adopted from studies. Quantitative data was coded, entered, cleaned and analyzed using SPSS Software for windows version 20.0. Linear regression and bivariate logistic regression was applied to identify the determinants of each explanatory variable on outcome (patient waiting time). Finally data was interpreted by referring to the pertinent findings from the relevant literature reviewed. Ethical approval and clearance was obtained from ethical clearance committee of the Jimma University College of Public Health & Medical Sciences Result The measured waiting time in Felge Hiwot referral hospital mean waiting time was and its standard deviation 149.2±72.1 minutes whereas 94.2±58.3 minutes in debere markos referral hospital. The major causes of the long patient waiting time was large numbers of patient with a few doctors 94(40.5%),67(28.9%) ,long searching of the cards 67(28.9%),73(31.5),and long registration time 59(25.4%),76(32.5) in Feleg hiwot and debre markos referral hospitals respectively. the satisfaction status in waiting time greater than 60 minutes in Felege hiwot referral hospital were statically significance with p value 0.0001(95% CI:1.7786,1.8766) with dissatisfaction whereas p= 0.0001 (95% CI;1.7690,1.8689) in debre markos referral hospital. Conclusion There is the need for health care facilities and hospital administrators to address gaps in human resources, infrastructures and other internal procedures and institutional systems aimed at reducing waiting time and thus ensuring an effective health care

Background Patient satisfaction is considered as one of the desired outcomes of health care and it is directly related with utilization of health services. The most important predictor of patients’ overall satisfaction with hospital care is particularly related to their satisfaction with nursing care. However, there is dearth of published studies in the area. The aim of this study is to assess the level and factors that determines adult inpatient satisfaction towards nursing care at Felegehiwot Referral Hospital. Methods A facility based cross-sectional study was conducted from January 1-30, 2015. A sample size of 244 inpatients was determined using single population proportion formula including 10% non- response rate. Simple random sampling method was used to select participants. Interviewer administered questionnaire was employed to collect data using the adapted Newcastle Satisfaction Scale with nursing services. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 16. Both bivariate and multivariate analysis was conducted to determine the effect of independent variables on inpatients’ satisfaction with nursing care at 0.05 level of significance. Result A total 236 inpatients participated in the study yielding a response rate of 96.9%. Participants who were farmers, rural residents, and female took the greater percentage. The overall level of satisfaction was 44.9%. Sex and occupation, were the only predictors of patient level of satisfaction with nursing care. Among satisfaction items, the amount, nurses know your care (78%), the nurse’s helpfulness (55%), and nurses’ treatment of patients as an individual (54%) were the three top scores respectively. whereas nurses response to patients request (42.6%), the amount and type of information nurses gave to patients about their condition and treatment (43.2%), and the way nurses explain things to patients (43.4%) had the least scores. Conclusion The level of inpatient satisfaction with nursing care was low. Inpatients were less informed about their disease condition, treatment, and prognosis by nurses since it is essential for making decision related with their care. The hospitals should consider mechanisms to improve the nurses’ way of communication and interpersonal relationships beyond training on direct patient care.

Patient waiting time is defined as the total time from registration until consultation with a doctor. Experiences of waiting in general are perceived as complex, subjective, and culturally influenced. Registration time, payment process/cash billing, recording classification/triaged time, few human resources and work process are the determinants of patient waiting time in the general outpatient departments. However, the complexity of wait time is poorly understood and has been explored only to a limited extent. Objective: To assess patient waiting time and its determinants in Debre Markos and Felge Hiywot Referral hospitals of Amhara Regional State in North West, Ethiopia. Methods: A hospital based comparative cross sectional study design wasemployed from October 20- November 20, 2014. The study population was patients presenting to general outpatient departments, from which464 patients was selected using systematic random sampling technique. Quantitative Data was collected using structured questionnaire and a check list adopted from studies.Quantitativedata was coded, entered, cleaned and analyzed using SPSS Software for windows version 20.0.Linear regression and bivariate logistic regression was applied to identify the determinants of each explanatory variable on outcome (patient waiting time).Finally data was interpreted by referring to the pertinent findings from the relevant literature reviewed. Ethical approval and clearance was obtained from ethical clearance committee of the Jimma University College of Public Health & Medical Sciences Result:The measured waiting time in Felge Hiywot referral hospital mean waiting time was and its standard deviation 149.2±72.1 minutes where as 94.2±58.3 minutes in debere markos referral hospital. The major causes of the long patient waiting time was large numbers of patient with a few doctors 94(40.5%),67(28.9%) ,long searching of the cards 67(28.9%),73(31.5),and long registration time 59(25.4%),76(32.5) in Feleg hywot and debre markos referral hospitals respectively. the satisfaction status in waiting time greater than 60 minutes in Felege hiywot referral hospital were statically significance with p value 0.0001(95% CI:1.7786,1.8766) with dissatisfaction whereas p= 0.0001 (95% CI;1.7690,1.8689) in debre markos referral hospital. Conclusion: There is the need for health care facilities and hospital administrators to address gaps in human resources, infrastructures and other internal procedures and institutional systems aimed at reducing waiting times and thus ensuring an effective health care.