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Critical thinking skills are important for students to face various changes and challenges in the current era. Based on class observations, the author found that students' critical thinking skills were at a low level, with a score of 33. The solution implemented by the author was the Problem-Based Learning (PBL) model. The purpose of this research was to describe the implementation of PBL in helping students improve their critical thinking skills. The research method used was descriptive qualitative. The results showed that the implementation of PBL increased students' critical thinking skills to an average score of 64. Providing problems at the beginning of learning can stimulate students to interpret information, organize their learning, and encourage analytical thinking. Individual and group investigations help students evaluate information in problem-solving contexts. Developing and presenting work trains students to communicate and compare solutions. Analyzing and evaluating the process trains students to correct and critically reflect. By thinking critically, students can discern the truth and make decisions according to God's will and for His glory. Suggestions for future research include discussing the effect of PBL implementation on students' collaborative skills and developing more robust research instruments to measure students' critical thinking skills. BAHASA INDONESIA ABSTRACT: Kemampuan berpikir kritis penting bagi siswa untuk menghadapi berbagai perubahan dan tantangan perkembangan zaman di era saat ini. Berdasarkan observasi yang dilakukan selama pembelajaran, penulis mendapati bahwa kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa termasuk dalam kriteria rendah dengan skor 33. Solusi yang dilakukan penulis adalah penerapan model Problem Based Learning. Adapun tujuan penulisan, yaitu untuk mendeskripsikan penerapan Problem Based Learning dalam membantu meningkatkan kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa. Metode yang digunakan adalah kualitatif deskriptif. Hasil penulisan menunjukkan bahwa penerapan PBL berpengaruh meningkatkan berpikir kritis siswa hingga diperoleh rata-rata sebesar 64. Pemberian masalah di awal pembelajaran dapat menstimulasi siswa untuk menginterpretasi, mengorganisir siswa belajar, mendorong siswa melakukan analisis. Melakukan penyelidikan individual maupun kelompok membantu siswa dalam mengevaluasi informasi untuk menyelesaikan masalah. Mengembangkan dan menyajikan hasil karya memberikan siswa kesempatan untuk mengomunikasikan dan membandingkan solusi yang disusun. Menganalisis dan mengevaluasi proses pemecahan masalah menolong siswa untuk mengoreksi dan melakukan refleksi kritis terhadap proses yang dilalui dan hasil yang diperoleh. Dengan berpikir kritis, siswa dapat mempertimbangkan kebenaran dan mengambil keputusan sesuai dengan kehendak Tuhan dan untuk kemuliaan-Nya. Saran terhadap penelitian selanjutnya yaitu dapat membahas pengaruh penerapan PBL terhadap keterampilan kolaboratif siswa dan menyusun instrumen penelitian yang lebih matang untuk mengukur kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa.

Mathematical anxiety is an emotional response to the entire mathematical activity that affects students' mathematical to psychological abilities. This anxiety is influenced by various factors, such as negative perspectives on mathematics, experiences of failing in learning mathematics, and others. Research data at one Christian High School in Tangerang shows that class X social studies students experience mathematical anxiety where students have difficulty concentrating, are restless, unconfident, and have headaches when learning mathematics. Anxiety affects students' self-confidence and makes the learning process not optimal, so it needs to be reduced. The selection of the REACT model as a solution to this problem leads to varied, contextual, and collaborative learning. The purpose of this writing is to find out the application of the REACT model in reducing the mathematical anxiety of X social studies students. The method used in the research is descriptive qualitative, where data is collected through questionnaires. The results show that the REACT model stages, namely relating, experiencing, applying, cooperating, and transferring, succeeded in reducing the anxiety of class X social studies students towards learning mathematics. During the application of the model, students are seen concentrating while studying, having confidence, daring to ask questions, and others. Applying the REACT model can be a solution for teachers to manage mathematical anxiety while leading students to realize their identity as imago dei who have been reconciled to God in Jesus Christ. Students are endowed with a Divine capacity to do God's work. Reflecting on the implementation of the REACT model, the author suggests recognizing the characteristics of each student the characteristics and collaborating the REACT model with other learning resources.

This paper investigates student learning activeness as an important part of the formation and development of student potential. The aim of this paper is to describe the use of quizzes in lesson plans (practice questions) to encourage student activeness in online learning. Doing a field practicum program online presents its own challenges for teachers. One of them is related to the responses of students who are less active in learning. The solution applied is to use technology media for learning, namely using Quizizz to do practice exercises online. Divided into 10 implementation steps, the initial 8 steps are general steps such as making an online quiz on Quizizz while the last 2 steps are an adaptation done by the teacher himself. The implementation of this media in doing exercises shows that students are encouraged to be actively involved in learning. It can be seen in the attitude of those who are actively discussing (question & answer). This emphasizes the real practice of a Christian teacher in living his salvation through holistic learning design, for example by utilizing technology in the classroom to encourage active student involvement. This research has many weaknesses such as data validity, problem deepening, and technical problems in using Quizziz. This can be an evaluation and input for writers and readers. BAHASA INDONESIA ABSTRACT: Paper ini dibuat untuk melihat hubungan keaktifan belajar siswa dalam pembelajaran sebagai bagian penting dalam pembentukan dan pengembangan potensi siswa. Tujuan paper ini adalah untuk memaparkan pemanfaatan Quizizz dalam pembelajaran untuk mendorong keaktifan siswa dalam pembelajaran online. PPL yang dilaksanakan secara online memberikan tantangan tersendiri bagi pengajar, di antaranya: berkaitan dengan respons siswa yang kurang aktif dalam pembelajaran. Solusi yang diterapkan adalah memanfaatkan media teknologi untuk pembelajaran yaitu menggunakan Quizizz untuk melakukan latihan soal secara online. Dibagi menjadi 10 langkah penerapan, 8 langkah awal merupakan langkah umum seperti membuat kuis online pada Quizizz sedangkan 2 langkah terakhir merupakan adaptasi yang dilakukan oleh pengajar sendiri. Pengimplementasian media ini dalam melakukan latihan soal menunjukan adanya dorongan untuk siswa dapat terlibat aktif di dalam pembelajaran. Terlihat dari sikap mereka yang aktif berdiskusi (tanya & jawab). Hal ini menekankan praktik nyata seorang pengajar Kristen dalam menghidupi keselamatannya melalui perancangan pembelajaran yang holistik misalnya dengan memanfaatkan teknologi di kelas untuk mendorong keterlibatan aktif siswa. Penelitian ini memiliki banyak kelemahan seperti kevalidan data, pendalaman masalah, serta gangguan teknis dalam penggunaan Quizizz. Hal ini dapat menjadi evaluasi dan masukan bagi penulis maupun pembaca.

One of the objectives of learning mathematics is to develop students' understanding of mathematical concepts to be able to solve math problems. In mathematics learning, understanding concepts is very important because by understanding concepts students can learn higher order thinking skills. However, through a test at the observation stage, the researchers found that students had difficulty understanding mathematical concepts. The purpose of this study was to see whether the application of the Numbered Heads Together method influences students’ understanding of mathematical concepts. The research was conducted on 32 seventh grade students at Rantepao Christian Junior High School using qualitative descriptive research. Data sources in this study include student work results, mentor observation sheets, tests, and researcher reflection journals. The results of the study show that the application of the Numbered Heads Together method can help develop students' understanding of the mathematical concept. BAHASA INDONESIA ABSTRACT: Salah satu tujuan dari pembelajaran Matematika adalah mengembangkan pemahaman konsep matematik siswa untuk dapat menyelesaikan masalah Matematika. Dalam pembelajaran Matematika, memahami konsep sangat penting karena dengan memahami konsep Matematika siswa dapat mempelajari ketrampilan berpikir yang lebih tinggi. Namun, melalui test pada tahap observasi, peneliti menemukan bahwa siswa mengalami kesulitan dalam memahami konsep Matematika. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk melihat dampak penerapan metode Numbered Heads Together terhadap pemahaman konsep matematis siswa. Penelitian dilakukan kepada 32 siswa kelas VII di SMP Kristen Rantepao dengan menggunakan jenis penelitian deskriptif kualitatif. Sumber data dalam penelitian ini antara lain: hasil pekerjaan siswa, lembar observasi mentor, tes, dan jurnal refleksi peneliti. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penerapan metode Numbered Heads Together dapat membantu mengembangkan pemahaman konsep matematis siswa.

Students often experience difficulties and errors in solving quadratic inequality problems. These difficulties and errors are not only caused by students’ ignorance or misconceptions, but also caused by epistemological obstacles. This study aimed to determine the epistemological obstacles faced by the junior high school students in quadratic inequality. This research was a qualitative research that involved 105 ninth-grade students at one of the junior high schools in Bandung, Indonesia. The data were collected through open-ended tasks and task-based interviews. The data were analyzed using the inductive coding process to classify students’ errors. The descriptive analysis was carried out to reveal students’ ways of understanding and ways of thinking behind each error to be compared with historical analysis. Based on the description of ways of understanding and ways of thinking and comparison with this historical phenomenon, the epistemological obstacles had be confirmed. The results showed that there were epistemological obstacles in quadratic inequalities. The epistemological obstacles consisted of students' quadratic equation knowledge acts and students' arithmetic knowledge acts. However, no epistemological obstacles were found in the development history of quadratic inequality. Students' epistemological obstacles were parallel to the historical phenomena of quadratic inequality.

The purpose of the research is to describe the process of establishing students teachers' understanding about interactions in learning, describing those various understandings obtained as results of the field ecperience (PPL 1), how tasks and stages are designed according to the blue print of PPL1 to create holistic learning for prospective students of mathematics education teachers. The research method was descriptive qualitative by analyzing in depth the results of written interviews of students, through their reflections, and student observation sheets consisting of 30 students of mathematics education disseminated in several Christian schools. The data was validated with triangulation techniques, namely interviews, student reflections and student portfolios. In PPL 1, students observe and collaborate with mentor teachers and are directly involved in one-week learning activities. Through the journal of reflection students also help students to develop their understanding of the responsibility of the teacher and give direction for students can take steps to improve in the future if later become a teacher in the school. Students gained new understanding of interaction in the classroom, i.e. students understand the important of teachers to greet students before starting learning, the use positive words, recognize student names, show students' involvement in learning. Teacher students got good example and were prepared to be teachers who can build students' personal through interactions formed by teachers in the classroom. In addition, students also understood the steps to build good interaction with students. The implementation of PPL-1 is monitored in a structured manner, students were placed in a school environment that maximizes them to learn the correct practices and values of Christian education from teachers, principals, school environments and lecturers.

The Field Experience Program (PPL) is a holistic learning activity related to developing the competency of prospective Christian teachers based on the profile of a graduate of the mathematics education program at Universitas Pelita Harapan. The First Field Experience Program 1 (PPL 1) is the student's initial experience in school, namely the introduction and adaptation of prospective teachers with classes and the role of the teacher in the classroom. The purpose of this study was to explore the benefits of student teachers after the First Field Experince Program to students’ behaviour management through observation and reflection techniques. This study used qualitative descriptive methods, where data is collected through documentation (portfolios), open questionnaires and student reflections. There were 30 UPH mathematics education students as participants who spread across several Christian schools around the greater Jakarta area. The results of this study show that PPL 1 activities bring great benefits in forming the concept of correct behavior management where student teachers can view students as individuals who need to be guided in the right direction with love and realizing God loves them so much, students teacher know and recognize forms negative behavior of students in the classroom, and students teacher learn how to handle student behavior wisely. Student teachers also have clear commitments when they become teachers later. BAHASA INDONESIA ABSTRAK: Program Pengalaman Lapangan (PPL) adalah kegiatan pembelajaran holistis yang berkaitan dengan pengembangan kompetensi seorang calon guru Kristen sesuai dengan profil lulusan pendidikan matematika, UPH. Program Pengalaman Lapangan 1 (PPL 1) merupakan tahap awal pengalaman mahasiswa di sekolah, yaitu tahap pengenalan dan penyesuaian Mahasiswa guru dengan ruang kelas dan peranan guru dalam kelas. Adapun tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk melihat seberapa besar manfaat yang didapatkan mahasiswa guru setelah kegiatan PPL 1 mengenai konsep manajemen perilaku siswa dalam kelas melalui teknik observasi dan refleksi. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif, dimana data dikumpulkan melalui dokumentasi (portfolio), angket terbuka dan refleksi mahasiswa. Partisipan terdiri dari 30 mahasiswa pendidikan matematika-UPH yang tersebar di beberapa sekolah Kristen di sekitar Jabodetabek. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kegiatan PPL 1 ini membawa manfaat yang besar dalam pembentukan konsep manajemen perilaku yang benar dimana mahasiswa dapat memandang siswa sebagai pribadi perlu dituntun ke arah yang benar dengan penuh kasih serta Tuhan sangat mengasihi mereka, mahasiswa mengetahui dan mengenal bentuk-bentuk perilaku negatif siswa di dalam kelas, serta mahasiswa belajar cara menangani perilaku siswa dengan bijaksana. Mahasiswa guru juga memiliki komitmen yang jelas ketika mereka menjadi guru nantinya.

Statistics is a course that correlates very closely in everyday life. An elementary school teacher needs to master statistics in relation to the implementation of the duties of a teacher, both as a collector and conveyer of information about students, as well as a researcher. But in reality, quite a lot of PGSD (Primary Teacher Education) students have difficulties in this course. One of them can be seen from how students answer questions given. There are still quite a lot of students who make mistakes in answering statistical research educational questions. This research is a descriptive study that describes and analyzes the mistakes of PGSD students in solving the problems of Statistics for Research in Education using the Newman procedure. The results of the study show that mistakes made by students include errors in understanding problems, transformation errors, errors in process skills, and answers to writing errors. One effort that can be done is by increasing BAHASA INDONESIA ABSTRACT: Statistika merupakan mata kuliah yang korelasinya sangat erat dalam kehidupan sehari-hari. Seorang guru sekolah dasar perlu menguasai statistika dalam kaitan dengan pelaksanaan tugas seorang guru, baik sebagai pengumpul dan penyampai informasi tentang siswa, maupun sebagai seorang peneliti. Namun kenyataannya, cukup banyak mahasiswa PGSD yang kesulitan dalam mata kuliah ini. Salah satunya dapat dilihat dari bagaimana cara mahasiswa menjawab soal yang diberikan. Masih ditemukan cukup banyak mahasiswa yang melakukan kesalahan dalam menjawab soal statistika penelitian pendidikan. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif yang memaparkan dan menganalisis kesalahan mahasiswa PGSD dalam menyelesaikan soal Statistika Penelitian Pendidikan ditinjau dari prosedur Newman. Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan bahwa kesalahan yang dilakukan mahasiswa mencakup kesalahan memahami masalah, kesalahan transformasi, kesalahan dalam keterampilan proses, dan kesalahan penulisan jawaban. Salah satu upaya yang dapat dilakukan adalah dengan cara meningkatkan kemampuan metakognitif mahasiswa.

The purpose of education is to develop the potential of students to become human beings who believe and fear God Almighty, have noble character, are healthy, knowledgeable, capable, creative, independent, and become democratic and responsible citizens. But in practice, much education separates science and faith in God. Christian education allows students to get to know God more and develops the potential of each student according to God's truth and purpose. Mathematics learning should be a tool to bring students to see and admire God as the great Creator. Investigation and discovery in learning mathematics should acknowledge some of God's attributes and allow students to admire the beauty of mathematics and to praise God. BAHASA INDONESIA ABSTRACT: Tujuan pendidikan adalah untuk mengembangkan potensi peserta didik agar menjadi manusia yang beriman dan bertakwa kepada Tuhan Yang Maha Esa, berakhlak mulia, sehat, berilmu, cakap, kreatif, mandiri, dan menjadi warga negara yang demokratis serta bertanggung jawab. Namun pada pelaksanaannya, banyak pendidikan memisahkan ilmu pengetahuan dan iman kepada Tuhan. Pendidikan Kristen membawa siswa untuk semakin mengenal Tuhan, mengembangkan potensi setiap peserta didik sesuai dengan kebenaran dan maksud Tuhan. Pembelajaran matematika seharusnya menjadi alat untuk membawa siswa semakin melihat dan mengagumi Allah sebagai Pencipta yang agung. Melalui investigasi dan penemuan dalam belajar matematika seharusnya menjadi pengakuan dari beberapa atribut Allah yang membawa siswa untuk mengagumi keindahan matematika dan membawa siswa untuk memuji Tuhan.

A learning trajectory offers a description of key aspects in planning mathematics learning. It also helps teachers follow and interpret students’ mathematical thinking, so that learning can be developed in accordance with the characteristics of students, and even become a tool for teachers to develop curriculum. There are three main components of learning trajectory: learning goals, learning activities, and hypothetical learning processes. In this article, we constructed a learning trajectory of the quadratic inequality. This qualitative study used didactical design research with 105 grade 10 students as the participants. In the prospective analysis step, didactic design, learning obstacle, and quadratic inequality system were analyzed. Based on the results of this analysis, we constructed hypothetical learning trajectories in the form of didactical design. Then, hyphothetical learning trajectories were implemented in the learning process. Student’s responses were analyzed qualitatively. Results of this analysis were used to revise the learning trajectory in order to obtain alternative trajectory learning outcomes of theoretical and empirical analysis. Finally, this article offers an alternative learning trajectory of quadratic inequalities that are different from the existing learning trajectories presented in the current textbook. The learning trajectory that is offered is the learning quadratic inequality which starts from the function approach. BAHASA INDONESIA ABSTRACT: Learning trajectory (LT) menawarkan sebuah deskripsi akan aspek kunci dalam perencanaan pembelajaran matematika. LT juga membantu guru belajar dalam mengikuti dan menginterpretasi cara berpikir matematisnya siswa, sehingga pembelajaran dapat dikembangkan sesuai dengan karateristik siswa, bahkan menjadi alat bagi guru untuk mengembangkan kurikulum. Ada tiga komponen utama dari learning trajectory, yaitu: tujuan pembelajaran (learning goals), kegiatan pembelajaran (learning activities) dan hipotesis proses belajar siswa (hypothetical learning process). Dalam artikel ini akan dikonstruksi sebuah LT pertidaksamaan kuadrat. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan didactical design research. Adapun partisipan sebanyak 105 siswa kelas X. Pada awal penelitian ini, dilakukan analisis propektif yaitu analisis atas materi pertidaksamaan kuadrat, hambatan belajar dan tingkat berpikir siswa. Kemudian dari hasil analisis ini disusunlah Hipotetical Learning Trajectories yang berupa desain didaktis. Desain didaktis berdasarkan Hypotetical Learning Trajectories ini diimplementasikan dalam pembelajaran. Respon siswa dianalisis secara kualitatif. Hasil analisis ini digunakan untuk merevisi Learning Trajectory, sehingga diperoleh Learning Trajectory alternatif hasil analisis teoritik dan empirik. Akhirnya, artikel ini menawarkan sebuah alternatif learning trajectory pertidaksamaan kuadrat yang berbeda dengan learning trajectories yang ada pada buku pelajaran sekarang. Learning trajectory yang ditawarkan adalah pembelajaran pertidaksamaan yang dimulai dengan pendekatan fungsi.

One of the factors affecting student learning outcomes is the learning process in the classroom. A teacher-centered learning process provides little learning experience for students. Student-centered learning needs to be developed so that students may experience meaningful learning and achieve good outcomes. The purpose of this study was to see the different cognitive learning outcomes caused by the implementation of two cooperative learning methods: jigsaw and TAI. The research method used is a quantitative quasi experiment with Nonequivalent Control Group Design. Student learning outcomes were measured by a post test. The difference in the learning outcomes were tested using a t-test. The research concludes that there is a significant difference of cognitive learning outcomes between students who are given cooperative learning jigsaw type (mean 43.14) and TAI (mean 47.85). ABSTRAK BAHASA INDONESIA: Salah satu faktor yang memengaruhi hasil belajar siswa adalah proses pembelajaran di kelas. Pembelajaran yang berpusat kepada guru cenderung memberikan sedikit pengalaman belajar kepada siswa. Pembelajaran yang berpusat kepada siswa perlu dikembangkan agar siswa dapat mengalami pembelajaran yang bermakna dan mendapatkan hasil belajar yang baik. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk melihat perbedaan hasil belajar kognitif karena penerapan dua jenis pembelajaran kooperatif yaitu jigsaw dan TAI pada dua kelas yang berbeda. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah kuantitatif quasi eksperimen dengan desain penelitian Nonequivalent Control Group Design. Hasil belajar siswa diukur menggunakan nilai post-test. Perbedaan hasil belajar dianalisis menggunakan uji t. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan signifikan (hasil belajar ranah kognitif antara siswa yang diberikan pembelajaran kooperatif tipe jigsaw (mean 43.14) dengan tipe TAI (mean 47.85).

The aim of this research was to know whether the Guided Discovery Instruction (GDI) method can improve conceptual understanding in learning mathematics. The research method used classroom action research in two cycles. The pre-cycle showed that students' conceptual understanding still was low. The research was conducted at Sekolah Lentera Harapan (SLH) in Ambon involving 14 students and the instruments used were post-test questionnaires, attainment sheet method, interviews, observations, and journal reflections. The results showed that using GDI improved students’ conceptual understanding in learning mathematics as evident by the increased number of students graduating KKM (71) from the first cycle (71.4%) to the second cycle (85.7%). BAHASA INDONESIA ABSTRAK: Penelitian bertujuan mengetahui peningkatan pemahaman konsep siswa melalui metode GDI dengan model penelitian tindakan kelas yang dilakukan dalam dua siklus. Pra-siklus untuk memastikan pemahaman konsep kelas XI-IPS masih rendah. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada kelas XI-IPS SLH Ambon melibatkan 14 siswa dan menggunakan post-test, angket, lembar ketercapaian metode, wawancara, observasi, angket, dan jurnal refleksi sebagai instrumen. Hasilnya menunjukkan GDI meningkatkan pemahaman konsep siswa terlihat dari peningkatan jumlah siswa lulus KKM (71) dari siklus I (71,4%) ke siklus II (85,7%).