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Isocitrate Dehydrogenase-1 (IDH1) is commonly mutated in lower-grade diffuse gliomas. The IDH1R132H mutation is an important diagnostic tool for tumor diagnosis and prognosis; however, its role in glioma development, and its impact on response to therapy, is not fully understood. We developed a murine model of proneural IDH1R132H-mutated glioma that shows elevated production of 2-hydroxyglutarate (2-HG) and increased trimethylation of lysine residue K27 on histone H3 (H3K27me3) compared to IDH1 wild-type tumors. We found that using Tazemetostat to inhibit the methyltransferase for H3K27, Enhancer of Zeste 2 (EZH2), reduced H3K27me3 levels and increased acetylation on H3K27. We also found that, although the histone deacetylase inhibitor (HDACi) Panobinostat was less cytotoxic in IDH1R132H-mutated cells (either isolated from murine glioma or oligodendrocyte progenitor cells infected in vitro with a retrovirus expressing IDH1R132H) compared to IDH1-wild-type cells, combination treatment with Tazemetostat is synergistic in both mutant and wild-type models. These findings indicate a novel therapeutic strategy for IDH1-mutated gliomas that targets the specific epigenetic alteration in these tumors.

Abstract Introduction The development of a potent immune response and antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 is important for herd immunity. The serological response may be due to a previous infection or vaccination. Healthy blood donors could represent and provide information on the immune status of the general population. Therefore, we estimated the global and regional prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies among healthy blood donors. Methods We conducted a systematic search of PubMed, Scopus, and ProQuest from December 2019 to January 2023. After critical appraisal and quality assessment, a qualitative synthesis of the identified relevant articles was performed. The random-effects model was used to estimate the pooled prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies. Funnel plots and Egger’s test were used to assess publication bias. Sensitivity analysis was performed, and heterogeneity was quantified using I 2 statistics. Results A total of 70 peer-reviewed articles were selected that together included 2,454,192 blood donors. The global estimated pooled prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies among healthy blood donors was 10.3% (95% CI: 4.6 – 18.0%, n = 70). The highest seroprevalence was observed in Asia (17.7%), followed by Africa (16.1%). The seroprevalence in studies conducted before the introduction of the vaccine was 6.1%, whereas those of studies conducted after vaccines were available was 27.6%. High seroprevalence was observed in studies that measured antibodies against the S protein of the virus (15.2%), while lower (12.5%) in those that measured antibodies against the N protein. A high seroprevalence was observed in studies that only measured IgG antibodies (16.3%), and it was 5.9% in studies that measured total antibodies. Conclusion The prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies among healthy blood donors varies, potentially indicating geographical disparities in transmission and vaccination rates. To enhance community resilience, addressing these differences through inclusive health policies and adaptable public health measures is crucial.

Coffee is an important agricultural commodity with increasing global demand, so optimizing the growth of coffee seedlings, especially during the seedling phase, is crucial to increase productivity. The use of natural plant growth regulators offers an environmentally friendly and economical solution. This study aims to evaluate the effect of natural plant growth regulators from onion extract and bean sprout extract on the growth of robusta coffee seedlings (Coffea canephora L.) during the seedling phase. The study was conducted using a Randomized Block Design (RBD) with three treatments, namely control, onion extract, and bean sprout extract. The parameters measured included plant height, stem diameter, and number of leaves for six weeks. Data were analyzed using ANOVA and BNT test at the 5% level. The results showed that both natural plant growth regulators significantly increased the growth of coffee seedlings compared to the control. Bean sprout extract gave the best results for plant height (16.75 cm), while onion extract was superior in increasing stem diameter (4.65 mm) and number of leaves (12.20). Statistical analysis confirmed significant differences between treatments and controls for all parameters. Thus, the use of onion and bean sprout extracts as natural growth regulators has proven effective in increasing the growth of coffee seedlings in the seedling phase, offering an environmentally friendly and economical alternative for optimizing the growth of coffee seedlings.

Abstract In this in vitro study, the use of a 445 nm diode laser was investigated for the decontamination of titanium dental implants. Different irradiation protocols and the effect of repetitive laser irradiation on temperature increase and decontamination efficacy were evaluated on titanium implant models. An automated setup was developed to realize a scanning procedure for a full surface irradiation to recapitulate a clinical treatment. Three irradiation parameter sets A (continuous wave, power 0.8 W, duty cycle (DC) 100%, and 5 s), B (pulsed mode, DC 50%, power 1.0 W, and 10 s), and C (pulsed mode, DC 10%, power 3.0 W, and 20 s) were used to treat the rods for up to ten consecutive scans. The resulting temperature increase was measured by a thermal imaging camera and the decontamination efficacy of the procedures was evaluated against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, and correlated with the applied laser fluence. An implant’s temperature increase of 10 °C was set as the limit accepted in literature to avoid thermal damage to the surrounding tissue in vivo. Repeated irradiation of the specimens resulted in a steady increase in temperature. Parameter sets A and B caused a temperature increase of 11.27 ± 0.81 °C and 9.90 ± 0.37 °C after five consecutive laser scans, respectively, while parameter set C resulted in a temperature increase of only 8.20 ± 0.53 °C after ten surface scans. The microbiological study showed that all irradiation parameter sets achieved a complete bacterial reduction (99.9999% or 6-log10) after ten consecutive scans, however only parameter set C did not exceed the temperature threshold. A 445 nm diode laser can be used to decontaminate dental titanium rods, and repeated laser irradiation of the contaminated areas increases the antimicrobial effect of the treatment; however, the correct choice of parameters is needed to provide adequate laser fluence while preventing an implant’s temperature increase that could cause damage to the surrounding tissue.

This research aims to analyze Arabic language learning strategies and the factors that influence them among foreign learners at UIN Imam Bonjol Padang. The research approach used is a case study with data collection techniques including observation, interviews to 6 foreign learners and documentation, while the data analysis technique used data triangulation techniques. The research results show that the Arabic language learning strategy for foreign learners is media digital, media social, film, telphone, reading materials while the influencing factors are information media-based infrastructure and collaborative peer review by peers. Research findings inform that the integration of the use of eclectic strategies can accelerate the achievement of foreign language learning for non-native speakers. This research is limited in the methods and samples used, so the researcher recommends further research to identify other variables.

This research aims to analyze students' creativity in writing autobiography and biography texts in Arabic using poster media in higher education. Researchers used a qualitative approach with a case study method on 35 students. Data collection techniques used interviews, documentation and observation in Arabic writing skills learning activities, while the data analysis techniques used included triangulation of data sources identified through three stages, namely data collection, data reduction, data presentation and drawing conclusions. The research results show that: 1) Student creativity in writing autobiographical and biographical texts using posters is more varied with the choice of colors, images and identification of introductory texts, experiences and life learning; 2) the sentence structure used consists of five structures, namely the structure of verbs, nouns, adverbial attributes, properties and prepositions. Research findings show that the use of poster media in learning writing skills is able to develop creativity and a variety of sentence structures. This research is limited to only two texts, so the researcher recommends further research to analyze a variety of other texts using poster media and more varied research methods.

Background/Aim: Preterm birth is a major pregnancy complication that imposes tremendous long-term medical and financial burdens on affected children, families, and the healthcare system. The aim of this study was to find out the prevalence, risk factors, and outcome of preterm babies admitted to Bingham University Teaching Hospital's inborn Special Care Baby Unit. Methods: It was a retrospective study of the medical records of all preterm babies delivered in the hospital from January 2021 to June 2022. Results: A total of 1,160 live births occurred in the hospital during the study period out of which 196 (16.9%) were admitted. Of these, 100 (51.0%) were preterm's with gestational ages ranging from 24 to 36 weeks with a mean gestational age of 31.24 weeks (±2.78).Birth weight ranged from 650g to 2450g CC –BY 4.0 with a mean of 1530.22g (±414.11). There were 47 males and 53 females (M: F 0.89:1) and 63 (63.0%) were delivered via caesarean section. The duration of hospital stay ranged from 1 to 182days with a median of 9and IQRof 11 days. Preterm premature membrane rupture and preeclampsia were the two most frequent risk factors for prematurity. Jaundice was the most prevalent morbidity seen, closely followed by anaemia. The overall mortality rate was 20%. Conclusion: Prematurity continues to be a major contributor to infant morbidity and mortality in our hospital, thus there is a need to improve the quality of health care delivery in order to improve survival rate of these newborns.

Abstract Objectives Genomic surveillance of Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae (KPC-Kp) is crucial for virulence, drug-resistance monitoring, and outbreak containment. Methods Genomic analysis on 87 KPC-Kp strains isolated from 3 Northern Italy hospitals in 2019-2021 was performed by whole genome sequencing (WGS), to characterize resistome, virulome, and mobilome, and to assess potential associations with phenotype resistance and clinical presentation. Maximum Likelihood and Minimum Spanning Trees were used to determine strain correlations and identify potential transmission clusters. Results Overall, 15 different STs were found; the predominant ones included ST307 (35, 40.2%), ST512/1519 (15, 17.2%), ST20 (12, 13.8%), and ST101 (7, 8.1%). 33 (37.9%) KPC-Kp strains were noticed to be in five transmission clusters (median number of isolates in each cluster: 5 [3-10]), four of them characterized by intra-hospital transmission. All 87 strains harbored Tn4401a transposon, carrying bla KPC-3 (48, 55.2%), bla KPC-2 (38, 43.7%), and in one case (1.2%) bla KPC-33, the latter gene conferred resistance to ceftazidime/avibactam (CZA). Thirty strains (34.5%) harbored porin mutations; of them, 7 (8.1%) carried multiple Tn4401a copies. These strains were characterized by significantly higher CZA minimum inhibitory concentration compared with strains with no porin mutations or single Tn4401a copy, respectively, even if they did not overcome the resistance breakpoint of 8 ug/mL. Median 2 (IQR:1-2) virulence factors per strain were detected. The lowest number was observed in ST20 compared to the other STs (p

Abstract Background Intravenous fosfomycin (IVFOF) is gaining interest in severe infections. Its use may be limited by adverse events (AEs). Little experience exists on IVFOF therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) in real-life setting. Patients and methods Retrospective study of patients receiving IVFOF for > 48 h at Policlinico Hospital (Milan, Italy) from 01/01/2019 to 01/01/2023. AEs associated to IVFOF graded CTCAE ≥ II were considered. Demographic and clinical risk factors for IVFOF-related AEs were analysed with simple and multivariable regression models. The determination of IVFOF TDM was made by a rapid ultraperformance liquid chromatography mass spectrometry method (LC-MS/MS) on plasma samples. The performance of TDM (trough levels (Cmin) in intermittent infusion, steady state levels (Css) in continuous infusion) in predicting AEs ≤ 5 days after its assessment was evaluated. Results Two hundred and twenty-four patients were included. At IVFOF initiation, 81/224 (36.2%) patients were in ICU and 35/224 (15.7%) had septic shock. The most frequent infection site was the low respiratory tract (124/224, 55.4%). Ninety-five patients (42.4%) experienced ≥ 1AEs, with median time of 4.0 (2.0–7.0) days from IVFOF initiation. Hypernatremia was the most frequent AE (53/224, 23.7%). Therapy discontinuation due to AEs occurred in 38/224 (17.0%). ICU setting, low respiratory tract infections and septic shock resulted associated with AEs (RRadjusted 1.59 (95%CI:1.09–2.31), 1.46 (95%CI:1.03–2.07) and 1.73 (95%CI:1.27–2.37), respectively), while IVFOF daily dose did not. Of the 68 patients undergone IVFOF TDM, TDM values predicted overall AEs and hypernatremia with AUROC of 0.65 (95%CI:0.44–0.86) and 0.91 (95%CI:0.79-1.0) respectively for Cmin, 0.67 (95%CI:0.39–0.95) and 0.76 (95%CI:0.52-1.0) respectively for Css. Conclusions We provided real world data on the use of IVFOF-based regimens and associated AEs. IVFOF TDM deserves further research as it may represent a valid tool to predict AEs. Key points Real world data on intravenous fosfomycin for severe bacterial infections. AEs occurred in over 40% (therapy discontinuation in 17%) and were related to baseline clinical severity but not to fosfomycin dose. TDM showed promising results in predicting AEs.

This study aims to (1) produce learning tools for the PBL-Networked model based on ethnoscience that is appropriate according to learning design experts and material experts and practical according to practitioners and (2) to find out the effectiveness of the ethnoscience-based PBL-Networked model learning tool for understanding concepts and interest in entrepreneurship in class VII junior high school students. This research is a development research that adapts the Dick & Carey. The data collection used validation questionnaires, practicality questionnaires, readability questionnaires, interest questionnaires, student entrepreneurship, and concept understanding tests. Data analysis used quantitative descriptive statistics, N-gain. The results of this development research are: (1) Ethnoscience-based PBL-Networked learning tools are suitable for use based on feasibility assessments by experts considered very good for all aspects assessed (learning materials and design), the practicality of using the tools from the teacher is considered very practical, and students' readability is also considered very good, (2) Ethnoscience-based PBL-Networked model learning tools are practical in significantly increasing students' understanding of concepts and interest in entrepreneurship. That is shown by the N-Gain values of 0.73 and 0.39, categorized into firm and robust effect sizes.

Wildfires represent a critical environmental and social challenge, with long-term implications for human health, ecosystems, and infrastructure. This complex issue is exacerbated by various factors, including socioeconomic changes, unsustainable practices in agro-forestry land management, and the intensification of extreme weather events. The complexity of fire management in Italy necessitates effective governance mechanisms and planning tools at both regional and national levels. This study looks at successful prevention strategies, such as prescribed burning and proactive land management, while also addressing existing governance challenges, such as coordination among relevant institutions and the need for stronger regulatory frameworks. In addition to providing insights into the current state of fire governance and proposing practical solutions, we suggest that more resilient and sustainable fire management practices, already successfully implemented in some regions, should be adopted nationwide in Italy.

Microcystins are cyanotoxins that can be produced by cyanobacteria species such as Microcystis aeruginosa. Due to the presence of microcystins in water bodies and aquatic organisms, it needs to be monitored. Furthermore, additional studies are required in the implementation of alternative and sustainable water treatment methods. The aim of this study was to investigate the potential of Myriophyllum aquaticum to prevent the harmful effects induced by M. aeruginosa aqueous extract in Rhamdia. quelen usingbiomarkers and to assess whether the plant can be suitable for phytoremediation in aquatic ecosystems. In the first experiment, R. quelen was exposed to 1 and 10 μg.L–1 of microcystins through an aqueous extract dissolved in the bioassay’s water. Second, tanks containing the same test concentrations of microcystins were treated by phytoremediation using M. aquaticum at 10 g.L–1, for 7 days. After that, treated water was used in a new bioassay with fish exposure. The results showed that phytoremediation decreased the microcystin concentration in water, and different biomarker analyses demonstrated that M. aquaticum treatment prevented DNA damage, hematological alterations, and tissue damage in R. quelen. The phytoremediation with M. aquaticum can be a sustainable and cost-effective alternative to water treatment, highlighting its role in enhancing water quality and supporting biodiversity conservation. These results support the importance of adopting more restrictive legal limits for cyanotoxins in water to protect native aquatic species and promote sustainable water resource management.

Proneural gliomas are brain tumors characterized by enrichment of oligodendrocyte progenitor cell (OPC) transcripts and genetic alterations. In this study we sought to identify transcriptional and epigenetic differences between OPCs with Trp53 deletion and PDGF-BB overexpression (BB-p53n) and those carrying only p53 deletion (p53n). In culture, the BB-p53n OPCs display growth characteristics more similar to glioma cells than p53n OPCs. When injected in mouse brains, BB-p53n OPC form tumors, while the p53n OPCs do not. Unbiased histone proteomics and transcriptomic analysis on these OPC populations identified higher levels of the histone H3K27me3 mark and lower levels of the histone H4K20me3. The transcriptome of the BB-p53n OPCs was characterized by higher levels of transcripts related to proliferation and cell adhesion compared to p53n OPCs. Pharmacological inhibition of the enzyme responsible for histone H3K27 trimethylation (EZH2i) in BB-p53n OPCs, reduced cell cycle transcripts and increased the expression of differentiation markers, but was not sufficient to restore their growth characteristics. This suggests that PDGF-BB overexpression in p53n OPCs favors the early stages of transformation, by promoting proliferation and halting differentiation in a H3K27me3-dependent pathway, and favoring growth characteristics in a H3K27me3 independent manner

Melt electrowriting (MEW) is an electric-field-assisted additive biofabrication technique that has brought significant advancements to bioinspired scaffold design for soft tissue engineering and beyond. Owing to its targeted microfiber placement, MEW has become a powerful platform technology for the fabrication of in vitro disease models up to functional biohybrid constructs that are investigated in vivo to reach clinical translation soon. This work provides a concise overview of this rapidly evolving field by highlighting the key contributions of MEW to cardiovascular tissue engineering. Specifically, we i) pinpoint the methods to introduce microvascular networks in thick 3D constructs benefitting from (sacrificial) MEW microfibers, ii) report MEW-based concepts for small-diameter vascular grafts and stents, iii) showcase how contracting cardiac tissues can profit from the tunable structure–property relationship of MEW scaffolds, and iv) address how complete regenerative heart valves can be built on complex fiber scaffold architectures that recapitulate J-shaped tensile properties and tissue heterogeneity. Lastly, we touch on novel biomaterial advancements and discuss the technological challenges of MEW to unlock the full potential of this transformative technology.

The increased interest in printed electronics necessitates the development of suitable sustainable substrates for them. In this study, the suitability of acetylated cellulose nanofiber (ACNF) films as substrates for printed electronics were examined through (I) the ink-substrates interaction, (II) print quality, and (III) electrical and (IV) mechanical properties of the printed pattern on the ACNF substrates. The results have been compared with cellulose nanofiber (CNF) and commercial reference material (CRM) substrates. The wetting of the silver nanoparticle (AgNP) ink on the ACNF substrate was found out to be excellent. The thickness of the printed pattern increased and the hole area fraction decreased with each consecutive layer of ink. The comparative investigations demonstrated that the electrical properties of the printed patterns were almost as good for 4 layers of ink on the ACNF substrate (1.6 Ω resistance) as the ones on the CRM substrate (1.2 Ω resistance). Additionally, the printed pattern on the ACNF substrate endured the adhesion and bending tests significantly better compared to the CRM substrate. Therefore, this study demonstrates that ACNF substrates could be a suitable candidate for printed electronics, which are more sustainable yet with similar functionalities in comparison with the conventional fossil based substrates.

Abstract Background Coronary microvascular dysfunction (CMD) refers to structural and functional abnormalities of the coronary microcirculation, which may be diagnosed using invasive coronary physiology. CMD is responsible for impaired diastolic cardiac function. It has recently been suggested that left atrial strain (LASr) represents a highly sensitive tool for detecting cardiac diastolic function abnormalities. Accordingly, the aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between CMD and LASr. Methods Consecutively enrolled patients with non-obstructed coronary arteries (NOCA) underwent CMD and LASr evaluation by invasive thermodilution and noninvasive echocardiography, respectively. Results Forty-two (42) patients were included, out of which 26 presented with CMD. There were no significant differences between CMD-positive and negative patients in terms of clinical and echocardiographic characteristics. LASr was significantly reduced in patients with CMD (24.6% ± 6.1 vs. 30.3 ± 7.8%, p = 0.01). A moderate correlation was observed between coronary flow reserve and LAsr (r = 0.47, p = 0.002). A multivariate logistic regression analysis demonstrated that CMD was independently associated with LASr (OR = 0.88, 95%CI 0.78–0.99.135, p = 0.04). A LASr cut-off of 25.5% enabled an optimal classification of patients with or without CMD. Conclusion Patients with NOCA and CMD had a significantly reduced LASr compared with patients without CMD, suggesting the early impairment of diastolic function in these patients.

Abstract The use of fluorescent proteins (FPs) in Plasmodium parasites has been key to understand the biology of this obligate intracellular protozoon. FPs like the green fluorescent protein (GFP) enabled to explore protein localization, promoter activity as well as dynamic processes like protein export and endocytosis. Furthermore, FP biosensors have provided detailed information on physiological parameters at the subcellular level, and fluorescent reporter lines greatly extended the malariology toolbox. Still, in order to achieve optimal results, it is crucial to know exactly the properties of the FP of choice and the genetic scenario in which it will be used. This review highlights advantages and disadvantages of available landing sites and promoters that have been successfully applied for the ectopic expression of FPs in Plasmodium berghei and Plasmodium falciparum. Furthermore, the properties of newly developed FPs beyond DsRed and EGFP, in the visualization of cells and cellular structures as well as in the sensing of small molecules are discussed. Graphical Abstract

Limapuluh Kota Regency and Payakumbuh City, West Sumatra Province are the centers for the cultivation of Payakumbuh tobacco plants. The average Payakumbuh tobacco production is still low, namely 0.701 tonnes/ha. One of the causes of low productivity is disease caused by the cracker virus. This research aims to see the effect of naturally infected cracker virus infection on the growth and production of tobacco plants. This research is an observational study, carried out from June to September 2023, at the Payakumbuh State Agricultural Polytechnic experimental garden. The data obtained were processed using the T test at the 5%, level using the Statistical Program for Social Science (SPSS) Version 23 software. From observation and data processing it was found that cracker virus infection caused low levels of chlorophyll A, high levels of chlorophyll B and total leaf chlorophyll levels. plant, leaf length, petiole length, leaf length, leaf width, leaf fresh weight, and root fresh weight, but had no effect on the number of leaves and leaf thickness compared to uninfected plants. From this it can be concluded that cracker virus infection can reduce the growth and yield of Payakumbuh tobacco.

This research aims to develop digital comics media to increase students’ cultural and citizenship literacy based on Education for Sustainable Development (ESD). This research used the design and development research method with the ADDIE model, which includes five research stages: design, development, implementation, and evaluation. Participants in this research were material experts, media experts, learning experts, and fourth-grade elementary school students. Data collection techniques were carried out using expert validation and tests. Data was analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively. The expert validation results from the three experts are categorized as excellent. The N-Gain result of students' cultural literacy and citizenship is 0.75 in the high category. The digital comic media developed was feasible and could be used by educators and students as a learning medium for cultural diversity material to increase cultural literacy and citizenship for Elementary School students.

This research aims to develop teaching materials based on differentiated learning to improve critical thinking dimensions of the Pancasila Learner Profile for students in elementary schools. This research uses the Design and Development (D&D) method using the ADDIE model, which consists of five stages, i.e., analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation. The research participants comprised grade 3 elementary school students, material experts, media experts, and learning experts. The data collection techniques used in this study were filling out work logs, testing expert validation, and learner assessments. The analysis used in this research is qualitative and quantitative data analysis. The results of this study are teaching materials in three series, namely visual series, audio series, and kinesthetic series. The study results were teaching materials obtained a validation assessment with an outstanding category. Then, to test the effectiveness of N-Gain, the results showed effectiveness in the moderate category. Thus, Teachers can utilize this differentiated teaching material to teach the material and develop students' critical thinking skills in learning IPAS in elementary school.

There is a high level of concern about the possible influence of commercial organizations on food-related research and professional bodies, including regulatory and advisory panels. This has contributed to an increased emphasis on the declaration and management of conflicts of interest (CoI) in the reporting, evaluation, and application of research in nutrition science. However, common perceptions of CoI in nutrition, and procedures for declaring and managing these, often lack intellectual rigor and consistency. This commentary highlights 3 main issues related to CoI in nutrition, particularly the emphasis on industry-related CoI relative to other sources of conflict and bias. 1) Considerations of CoI in nutrition are largely limited to financial or collaborative links to the food industry, disregarding other important sources of influence such as intellectual allegiances or nonindustry financial and professional incentives. 2) Associations with industry incur ad hominem, often punitive stigmatization of individuals and their research, and inappropriate downgrading or exclusion of evidence. This disproportionately affects expertise in the food and agricultural sciences, in which commercial collaborations are widely encouraged. 3) These practices and related approaches to managing CoI are applied without due consideration of the nature of the conflicts and activities involved, the qualifications of individuals, or the availability of other, objective methods and guidance for assessing research quality and risks of bias. Overall, recognition of the nature and range of CoI in nutrition and approaches to their identification and management lack consistency and balance. A singular and strict focus specifically on industry-related CoI may paradoxically exacerbate rather than mitigate imbalance and bias in the field. This commentary outlines the underlying issues and the need for more comprehensive and nuanced approaches to the assessment, reporting, and management of CoI in nutrition.

This research aims to analyse a teacher's questioning activity using oral open-ended questions in the mathematics classroom in three phases: the teacher asks open-ended mathematics questions orally, students answer the questions, and the teacher responds to the answers. This research involved a mathematics teacher and twenty-three year 7 students (aged eleven-twelve years old) in a secondary school in the UK. The samples were chosen using purposive sampling technique. The data collection technique used was three 45-minute-long lesson observations using field notes and audio-recordings. The notes and the transcript of the recording were analysed to find the answers for three research questions. The results showed that the teacher posed any kind of questions orally. The teacher asked two or three oral open-ended questions. Students answered those questions with different answer. The answers were not only correct, but also incorrect and incomplete. After getting an answer, the teacher responded by asking follow-up questions both closed and open-ended.

Background: The deployment of accessible, equitable, and affordable healthcare packages to all is vital to the achievement of Universal Health Coverage (UHC), especially in developing nations like Nigeria. Hence, effective planning, funding, coordination, communication, and prioritization of proven strategies such as the health insurance scheme will reduce the catastrophic out-of-pocket payment for health services. Objectives: This study investigated the awareness and acceptance of Gombe State Contributory Health Insurance Scheme (GO-HEALTH) amongst Civil Servants working in the state. Methodology: The research was a descriptive cross-sectional study carried out amongst 400 enrollees of the Gombe State contributory health insurance scheme (GO-HEALTH). Study participants were selected from five (5) state ministries using a multi-stage sampling technique. Data collection was done using a thirty-nine (39) item self-administered questionnaire. The completed questionnaires were retrieved and analyzed using the IBM Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS V.26). Results: The respondents comprised 243 Males (60.8%), and 157 Females (39.2%) with a male-female ratio of 1.6:1, and a mean ±SD age of 38.5±10.2 years. The mean ±SD monthly income was ₦76,400 ± 27,600. The findings revealed that there were low levels of awareness (2.63±1.05, P=0.704) and acceptance (2.84±1.24, P =0.502) of the scheme with a significantly (p less than 0.000) high Spearman's correlation coefficient rho (r ) =0.586, between the two variables, namely; awareness and acceptance of s GO-HEALTH among the respondents. Conclusion: This study concluded that there were low levels of awareness and acceptance of the Gombe State Contributory Health Insurance Scheme (GO-HEALTH) amongst the state civil servants. The researchers recommend continuous public enlightenment, education and promotion, periodic monitoring and evaluation, and effective collaboration with critical stakeholders for the sustainability of the scheme.

The concept of Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces (RIS) has emerged as a promising method for communications and the localization of aeronautical vehicles. In this paper, we explore the impact of hardware impairments on three-dimensional (3D) drone localization within a single-input single-output (SISO) system assisted by RIS. Our methodology begins by modeling the channel from the base station (BS), equipped with a single-antenna transmitter, to each RIS at known positions. This model accounts for hardware impairments at the BS, particularly beam downtilt, which influences the accuracy of drone location estimation. Moreover, we model the channel from the RIS to the drone, employing exhaustive beam sweeping in both azimuth and elevation angles to estimate the Angles of Departure (AODs) from the RIS to the drone. We adopt a unique phase noise (PN) model for each element within the RIS and assess the impact of these impairments on angle and location estimation accuracy through extensive simulations. Additionally, we examine the effects of RIS configuration and the Inter-Site Distance (ISD) between two RIS units on localization performance. An Unscented Kalman Filter (UKF) algorithm is integrated for tracking of the drone trajectory. Our simulation results demonstrate that the RIS-assisted 3D drone localization approach achieves significant accuracy despite various impairments. The findings of this paper underscore the potential of RIS-enabled 3D drone localization to maintain high accuracy under hardware impairments, paving the way for future research in RIS-enabled drone localization systems.

Coto Manggala is a cassava (manggala) soup originating from Pangkalan Bun, West Kotawaringin. This food has represented the region in certain events, such as the Anugerah Pesona Indonesia 2020, and received a MURI record in 2009. However, many modern foods that have entered Indonesia have shifted from traditional foods. This research aims to determine the level of satisfaction and consumer interest, select the attributes that need improvement, and formulate strategies for improving Coto Manggala products. In this study, there are three research stages: analyzing the satisfaction level and consumer interest, analyzing the attributes that need to be improved using IPA, and determining the strategy for improving Coto Manggala. It was found that the attributes that need to be improved are the ease of finding products and promotions in social media. For the ease of finding products, the improvement strategy has been set are collaborating with cassava suppliers and carrying out the right cassava storage system, registering the business on Google Maps so it is easier to be found, maximizing delivery services, selling products at a touristic location and starting the night culinary tourism, proper storage of finished foodstuffs, collaborating with Government agencies if there are cultural events that require Coto Manggala dishes, open booths when there are cultural events, join the exhibitions, etc. The improvement strategy for promotional attributes through social media is to maximize existing features on social media for product promotion, training and mentoring of MSME owners, and product branding

Food systems face the challenge of maintaining adequate nutrition for all populations. Inter-individual responses to the same diet have made precision or personalized nutrition (PN) an emerging and relevant topic. The aim of this study is to analyze the evolution of the PN field, identifying the principal actors and topics, and providing a comprehensive overview. Therefore, a bibliometric analysis of the scientific research available through the Web of Science (WOS) database was performed, revealing 2148 relevant papers up to June 2024. VOSviewer and the WOS platform were employed for the processing and analysis, and included an evaluation of diverse data such as country, author or most frequent keywords, among others. The analysis revealed a period of exponential growth from 2015 to 2023, with the USA, Spain, and England as the top contributors. The field of “Nutrition and Dietetics” is particularly significant, comprising nearly 33% of the total publications. The most highly cited institutions are the universities of Tufts, College Dublin, and Navarra. The relationship between nutrition, genetics, and omics sciences, along with dietary intervention studies, has been a defining factor in the evolution of PN. In conclusion, PN represents a promising field of research with significant potential for further advancement and growth.