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Without stating any assumptions or making postulates we show that the electromagnetic quantum vacuum plays a primary role in quantum electrodynamics, particle physics, gravitation and cosmology. Photons are local oscillations of the electromagnetic quantum vacuum field guided by a non-local vector potential wave function. The electron-positron elementary charge emerges naturally from the vacuum field and is related to the photon vector potential. We establish the masse-charge equivalence relation showing that the masses of all particles (leptons, mesons, baryons) and antiparticles have electromagnetic origin. In addition, we deduce that the gravitational constant G is an intrinsic property of the electromagnetic quantum vacuum putting in evidence the electromagnetic nature of gravity. We show that Newton’s gravitational law is equivalent to Coulomb’s electrostatic law. Furthermore, we draw that G is the same for matter and antimatter but gravitational forces could be repulsive between particles and antiparticles because their masses bear naturally opposite signs. The electromagnetic quantum vacuum field may be the natural link between particle physics, quantum electrodynamics, gravitation and cosmology constituting a basic step towards a unified field theory.

The aim of this study is to make a detailed topological and comparative analysis of the single photons and the DNA geometrical structures in order to deduce possible mutual interaction mechanisms. Single photon topology and structure, as revealed by the experimental evidence and advanced quantum electrodynamics calculations, is quite characteristic and can be represented by a three dimensional helicoid configuration of the vector potential amplitude over a wavelength. In parallel, the geometrical configurations of the A DNA, B DNA and Z DNA macromolecules are also known precisely and appear to be similar to that of a photon. Using experimental data and recent quantum electrodynamics theoretical results we put in evidence for the first time that the right-handed canonical B DNA has exactly an identical geometrical configuration with right-handed circular polarization photons having a wavelength equal to the B DNA pitch per turn of helix. Conversely, we show that the radial amplitudes of the right-handed A DNA and the left-handed Z DNA are slightly higher and lower, respectively, compared to photon trains having wavelengths equivalent to the corresponding pitch per helix distances. The amplitudes of the interacting photons electric and magnetic fields are also calculated and revealed to be considerably high locally. We conclude that the DNA alterations by homothetic photons in the soft X-rays spectrum, either real or transient issued from the quantum vacuum fluctuations, may be quite significant contributing to the DNA damage accumulation with time and, consequently, are worthy to be extensively studied.

Principles of a cosmological model based on the electromagnetic quantum vacuum. Space is infinite and eternal composed of the quantum vacuum field, which is at the origin of finite “universe” of ordinary matter or antimatter, generated from the quantum vacuum and vanishing back to the vacuum state following aprocess of creation-annihilation mechanism.&nbsp

We show that the electromagnetic quantum vacuum plays a primary role in gravitation and cosmology. - Photons are local oscillations of the electromagnetic vacuum field guided by a non-local vector potential wave function - The vacuum electric permittivity and magnetic permeability are intrinsic properties of the electromagnetic vacuum. - We show that the electron-positron elementary charge derive naturally from the electromagnetic quantum vacuum - The masses of all particles (leptons, mesons, baryons) and antiparticles are manifestations of the elementary charges and their corresponding magnetic moments. - The gravitation constant G is also related directly to the electromagnetic quantum vacuum putting in evidence the electromagnetic nature of gravity. We showthat G is the same for matter and antimatter but gravitational forces appear to be repulsive between particles and antiparticles since their masses bear opposite signs. - Dark Energy and Dark Matter might originate from the electromagnetic quantum vacuum fluctuations. The calculated vacuum energy density, related to the cosmological constant considered responsible for the cosmic acceleration, is in good agreement with the astrophysical observations. - Under these conditions, the electromagnetic quantum vacuum might constitute the physical basis for a unified field theory.

8th International Conference on Mathematical Modeling in Physical Science, 26–29 August 2019, Bratislava, Slovakia; International audience; Laser Beam Melting is actually capable of producing parts with reliable mechanical properties. However, efficient production still remains a challenge and high quality numerical simulation is required in order to understand the physical mechanisms involved. Consequently, a macroscopic numerical model at part scale is actually under development for understanding the relationship between different process and material parameters with the mechanical state of final parts such as distortion and residual stress. Classical finite element method is used to solve the coupled thermo-mechanical problem on the whole domain defined by the workpiece, the baseplate and the support structures. At this scale, powder packing is neglected as well as the hydrodynamics behavior within the melt pool. Homogeneous equivalent heat source is used and imposed until several layers below the current deposited layer. Elastoplastic constitutive material law with temperature dependent parameters has been developed.

We present theoretical developments expressing the physical characteristics of a single photon in conformity with the experimental evidence. The quantization of the electromagnetic field vector potential amplitude is enhanced to a free of cavity photon state. Coupling the Schrödinger equation with the relativistic massless particle Hamiltonian to a symmetrical vector potential relation, we establish the vector potential - energy equation for the photon expressing the simultaneous wave-particle nature of a single photon, an intrinsic physical property. It is shown that the vector potential can be naturally considered as a real wave function for the photon entailing a coherent localization probability. We deduce directly the electric and magnetic field amplitudes of the cavity-free single photon, which are revealed to be proportional to the square of the angular frequency. The zero-energy electromagnetic field ground state (EFGS), a quantum vacuum real component, issues naturally from Maxwell’s equations and the vector potential quantization procedure. The relation of the quantized amplitude of the photon vector potential to the electron-positron charge results directly showing the physical relationship between photons and electrons-positrons that might be at the origin of their mutual transformations. It becomes obvious that photons, as well as electrons-positrons, are issued from the same quantum vacuum field.

The electromagnetic field ground state, a zero-energy vacuum component that issues naturally from Maxwell’s theory and from the vector potential quantization at a single-photon level, overcomes the vacuum energy singularity in quantum electrodynamics which leads inevitably to the well-known “vacuum catastrophe” in cosmology. Photons/electromagnetic waves are oscillations of this vacuum field which is composed of a real electric potential permeating all of space. The Hawking-Unruh temperature for a particle accelerated in vacuum is readily obtained from the interaction with the electromagnetic field ground state. The elementary charge and the electron and proton mass are expressed precisely through the electromagnetic field ground state quantized amplitude entailing that photons, leptons/antileptons, and probably baryons/antibaryons originate from the same vacuum field. Fluctuations of the electromagnetic field ground state contribute to the cosmic electromagnetic background and may be at the origin of the dark energy which is considered to be responsible for the observed cosmic acceleration. Furthermore, the gravitational constant is also expressed through the electromagnetic field ground state quantized amplitude revealing the electromagnetic nature of gravity. The overall developments yield that the electromagnetic field ground state plays a primary role in gravitation and cosmology opening new perspectives for further investigations.